Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/75—Amino oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates

Definitions

• the invention relates to aqueous compositions incorporating low levels of quaternary ammonium salt or amine oxide surfactant and displaying pronounced shear thinning behaviour, i.e. exhibiting high viscosities at low rates of shear.
• This type of behaviour is of particular advantage in cleaning compositions intended to be applied to non-horizontal structural surfaces such as walls and windows and sanitary fittings such as sinks, baths, showers, wash basins and lavatories.
• the invention is especially concerned with aqueous acid-containing cleaning compositions which are commonly applied to the surfaces of sanitary fittings.
• GB 1 240 469 discloses compositions, suitable for cleaning metal, glass and painted surfaces, which compositions have a pH not higher than 7,0 and comprise (a) an inorganic acid, an organic acid or an acidic salt (b) a cationic detergent and (c) a water insoluble or partially water soluble covalent compound other than the compounds under (b) and which contains oxygen or halogen and at least one hydrocarbon chain of at least four carbon atoms.
• component (c) can more particularly be used an ester of an inorganic acid, a fatty acid or an ester of a fatty acid, a carboxylic acid ester in which the hydrocarbon chain derived from the alcohol has at least four car­bon atoms, an alkyl chloride, a hydroxyl compound or substituted hydroxy compound, and the hydroxy compound is preferably water insoluble, such as a fatty alcohol, containing from 4-30 carbon atoms in at least one alkyl chain.
• cationic detergent only an amine oxide of a special structure is metnioned, which is exemplified by a large number of representatives, the actual application of quaternary ammonium salts being neither disclosed in general terms, nor in specifically exemplified representatives.
• US Patent Specification 3 997 453 discloses a stable, cold water dispersible fabric softening composition
• a stable, cold water dispersible fabric softening composition comprising from about 60 to 20% by weight of a cationic quaternary ammonium softener, an organic anionic sulfonate, the weight ratio of the cationic softener to the anionic detergent being from about 40:1 to 5:1 and wherein the anionic sulphonate being selected from amongst benzene or naphthalene sulphonate or a polyalkyl substituted aroma­tic sulphonate with one of the alkyl groups having not more than 18 C-atoms and each of the remaining alkyl group having not more than 2 carbon atoms.
• cleaning, desinfecting and/or odorizing agents are auxiliary detergents, acids, detergent builder salts, perfumes, anti­biotics or active chlorine providing means.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed by thickened aqueous cleaning compositions having a pH of not more than 7 and preferably between 0 and 6 and more preferably between 0-4, and containing 1-15% by weight of an acid, normally occurring in cleaning compositions.
• quaternary ammonium compounds referred to under (a) are: ethyl-dimethyl-stearyl ammonium chloride, ethyl-dimethyl-stearyl ammonium bromide cocoalkyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, hydrogenated tallow-trimethyl ammonium chloride, hydrogenated tallow-trimethyl ammonium bromide stearyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, trimethyl-cetyl ammonium bromide, dimethyl-ethyl-lauryl ammonium chloride, tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride, tallow trimethyl ammonium bromide, propyl-myristyl ammonium chloride and the corresponding methosulphates, acetates, and the like.
• a preferred group of the cationic ammonium compounds are: (hydrogenated) tallow-trimethyl ammonium chloride, (hydrogenated) tallow-trimethyl ammonium bromide, tallow trimethyl ammonium bromide, tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride, soja alkyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, soja alkyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, and methyl-bis(2-hydroxy ethyl)oleyl ammonium chloride.
• Typical examples of tertiary amine oxides referred to under (a) are: bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) cetylamine oxide, bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) tallowamine oxide, bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) hydrogenated tallow amine oxide, bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) stearlamine oxide, bis(2-hydroxy propyl) tallowamine oxide, bis(2-hydroxy propyl) stearyl amine oxide, dimethyl tallowamine oxide, dimethyl cetylamine oxide, dimethyl stearylamine oxide, and di-ethyl stearylamine oxide.
• a preferred group of the amine oxides are: dimethyl cetylamine oxide, and bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) tallowamine oxide.
• the amine oxide and/or quaternary ammonium compound may preferably be used in amounts from 0.1% to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition dependent on the viscosity and the type of the agent desired.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed by thickened compositions containing one or more salts of the specified sulphonates.
• Typical salts of the sulphonates specified under (b) are the sodium, potas­sium, ammonium, lower amine and alkanolamine salts, of which the sodium salts are preferred.
• Typical acids which may be applied in the compositions of the present inven­tion are sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulphamic acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid or an acidic salt of the type conven­tionally used in cleaning compositions, or combinations thereof in an amount of from 1-15%. More preferably, citric acid or hydrochloric acid should be used in an amount from 1-10% by weight, based on the total composition.
• the compositions according to the present invention exhibit a viscosity of at least 200 n.Pa.s at 20°C.
• the ratio of the weights of the quaternary ammonium compound or tertiary amine oxide to the sulphonate is in the range from 0.1-6 and preferably from 1.5-2.5 and more preferably around about 2.0.
• the thickening systems described above display a viscosity temperature relationship that has a parabolic profile with the maximum viscosity being exhibited at a temperature in the range from 0°C to 30°C.
• An increase in chain length of higher alkyl chain in the quaternary ammonium ion or amine oxide in general increases the temperature at which this peak occurs while a reduction in this higher alkyl chain length and/or branching in this alkyl group, reduces the temperature at which the maximum viscosity is produced by the system.
• compositions of the present invention will be govenred by the specific kind of surfactant (quaternary ammonium ion or amine oxide), kind of sulphonate, kind of acid in the composition, amount of acid electrolyte concentration in total composition, ratio of weights of the surfactant-sulphonate combinations, and counter ion of the sulphonates.
• the thickening compositions according to the present invention have however appeared to be rather insensitive to other types of ingredients occurring in the complete aqueous cleaning composition, such as perfume.
• the weight ratio of tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride and sodium xylene sulphonate in citric acid solution of 4.5% by weight (100%), i.e., 5% of hydrated citric acid, may vary from 2.0-2.5, and more preferably 2.15-2.25, while acceptable compositions for practical purposes may show ratios from 0.5-4.0 (based on 100% ingredients).
• a thickening premix composition which comprises at least:
• Another feature of the present invention is formed by the application of the thickened aqueous single phase compositions according to the usual methods of this specific art of cleaning non-horizontal surfaces such as walls, windows and sanitary fittings.
• the invention is illustrated by the following examples but not with the intention to restrict its scope to these embodiments.
• Citric acid monohydrate (5.0 g) is dissolved in about 85.0 ml of deminera­lized water, with stirring, at 20°C, whereafter 2.2 g of tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride (as 50% solution Arquad T 50®) are added, followed by the addition of 1.25 g of sodium xylene sulphonate (as 40% solution), with continued stirring. The viscosity increases immediately during the addition of the sulphonate.
• the obtained composition comprises: 2.2 % by weight of tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride (50%) 1.25 % by weight of sodium xylene sulphonate (40%) 5.0 % by weight of hydrated citric acid 0.001% by weight of dye (Acidol Blue BE/NW) 0.1 % of perfume and water to 100%.
• composition shows a good viscosity and is completely clear and stable at elevated temperature (40°C). The colour does not change during storage.
• the viscosity was measured by Brookfield LVT, 60 rpm, 230 m Pa.s (20°C). The composition did not show any cloud point on cooling down to 0°C, and on heating up to 95°C.
• the viscosities were measured by using a Brookfield LVT 60 rpm.
• compositions were prepared containing respectively:
• composition I was repor­ted as becoming cloudy and thin, while composition II remained clear and had a viscosity of 190 m Pa.s. at 20°C.
• composition II remained clear and had a viscosity of 190 m Pa.s. at 20°C.
• the same behaviour could be observed in the case of similar compositions containing sodium cumene sulphonate or sodium toluene sulphonate, showing a rather small perfume susceptibility which permits the use of premix compositions derived from sulphonate-­quaternary ammonium derivatives.
• composition II could be applied in all acids specified in Example 2.
• compositions were prepared along the lines of the process described in Example 1, starting from bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) tallowamine oxide (Aromox T12®) in amounts from 3 7% by weight, sodium xylene sulphonate, sodium toluene sulphonate, sodium cumene sul­phonate, or secondary n-alkane sulphonates of the formulae and R - SO3Na wherein R and R1 represent an alkane residue of from 13-18 carbon atoms (Hostapur® SAS wherein C13-n-alkanesulphonate represents 3% of the compo­sition, C14-n-alkanesulphonate 25%, C15-n-alkanesulphonate 30%, C16-n-­alkanesulphonate 25, C17-n-alkanesulphonate 15% and C18-n-alkanesulphonate 2%, being an example of a composition according to EP-0 137 871) in amounts of from 0-2%
• compositions containing amine oxide and olefin sulphonates e.g. ELFAN OS46® III showed inferior thickening properties as compared with combination I and moreover had an intensive yellow colour.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (21)

Citations (9)

• 1987
  • 1987-09-26 EP EP87201850A patent/EP0265979B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-09-26 AT AT87201850T patent/ATE103970T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (9)

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