EP0256043A1 - Electrode catheter for the ablation of the his bundle - Google Patents
Electrode catheter for the ablation of the his bundleInfo
- Publication number
- EP0256043A1 EP0256043A1 EP87900679A EP87900679A EP0256043A1 EP 0256043 A1 EP0256043 A1 EP 0256043A1 EP 87900679 A EP87900679 A EP 87900679A EP 87900679 A EP87900679 A EP 87900679A EP 0256043 A1 EP0256043 A1 EP 0256043A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- frontal
- catheter
- catheter tube
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 210000004375 bundle of his Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 206010003671 Atrioventricular Block Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009297 electrocoagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000003734 Supraventricular Tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001174 endocardium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003191 femoral vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004165 myocardium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001991 scapula Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010047302 ventricular tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/283—Invasive
- A61B5/29—Invasive for permanent or long-term implantation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/283—Invasive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/30—Surgical pincettes without pivotal connections
- A61B2017/306—Surgical pincettes without pivotal connections holding by means of suction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B2017/348—Means for supporting the trocar against the body or retaining the trocar inside the body
- A61B2017/3482—Means for supporting the trocar against the body or retaining the trocar inside the body inside
- A61B2017/3484—Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure
- A61B2017/3488—Fixation to inner organ or inner body tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1266—Generators therefor with DC current output
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrode catheter for the ablation of the His bundle which comprises a catheter tube with a frontal electrode and the tube has a frontal section defining an opening.
- a connector plug provides an electrical connection for the frontal electrode.
- a newer method for treating drug resistant paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia employs the electrical destruction of the His bundle (i.e. AV junction). This method was described by Gallagher and his co-workers in 1982 (New England Journal of Medicine 1982; 28 pp. 194-200).
- the basic method is to deliver a DC shock to the His bundle through a conventional His electrode.
- the electro-coagulation thus leads to AV block.
- a disadvantage of the method is that the position of the electrode cannot be checked at the time the DC shock is delivered. It may move and may cause injury to the myocardium elsewhere.
- a further drawback lies in the varying resistance of the contact between the electrode and the endocardium which may change from case to case and cannot be checked at all. For providing a sufficient destructive effect, a high-energy electrical discharge should be established which can be accompanied by unwanted side effects.
- Electrode catheters utilizing suction effects have been widely used in medical practice.
- a known type of such electrodes is represented by the bipolar suction electrodes of the company VYGON (Aachen, Germany), e.g. the type 1172.06 used for recording monophasic action potentials.
- This type of electrode catheter comprises a small central opening at its frontal end and a central electrode slightly extending out axially from the opening like the tip of a needle which is coupled to a coiled spring arranged in the interior of the frontal section of the catheter tube.
- the other electrode is arranged as a sleeve behind the short hollow frontal section of the catheter tube of insulating material and this sleeve coaxially encircles the flexible central needle electrode.
- Electrode catheters provided with an opening for suction purposes that can be used preferably for sensing the internal pul monal pressure.
- Such electrode catheters comprise a solid cylindrical frontal electrode and a hollow rear electrode arranged about 15 mm behind the frontal electrode and the distance between the two electrodes is maintained by a short section of a catheter tube which is provided with a suction opening on its mantle surface (e.g. the type 1126.13 of the company VYGON) .
- Such catheters cannot provide the advantage of correct positioning referred to in above-cited paper when used for the ablation of the His bundle
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved elect rode catheter for the ablation of the His bundle.
- an electrode catheter which has a frontal electrode made as a hollow cylindrical sleeve that defines a central opening communicating with the interior of the catheter tube and through which the sucking force is exerted, the axis of the frontal electrode forming the extension of the axis of the catheter tube, and the outer diameters of the frontal electrode and of the catheter tube being equal or nearly equal.
- the frontal electrode of such an electrode catheter has an annular face which has a much larger contact surface than that offered by the needle electrode.
- the electrode catheter comprises a sleeve-like rear electrode arranged behind the rear end of the frontal electrode at a distance between about 5 to 15 mm, and the frontal end of the catheter tube is coupled to a cylindrical shoulder of the rear electrode arranged concentrically around the catheter axis, and the rear electrode has a frontal shoulder similar to the rear one which is coupled through a catheter tube section to the frontal electrode, and both of these electrodes are electrically connected to respective lead out wires extending in and insulated from the catheter tube, and these wires are coupled to respective connector plugs.
- the so-obtained bipolar electrode renders the usage of a separate bipolar electrode for the localization unnecessary and it is capable of delivering the bipolar ECG signals required for exact electrode positioning.
- a closing member is connected to the rear end portion of the catheter tube and this member comprises a connection stub communicating with the interior of the catheter tube which is capable of providing a connection towards a pump, and the member comprises electrode wires interconnecting the lead out wires with the connector plugs.
- the thickness is decreasing towards the frontal end in an arced transition, whereby an annular face is provided which is narrower than the average wall thickness of the frontal elect rode .
- the electrode catheter according to the invention can well be used for the ablation of the His bundle without the danger of unwanted side effects.
- Fig. 1 is a sketch illustrating the application of the electrode catheter according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows the enlarged elevation view of the frontal end section of the electrode catheter in half sectional view.
- Fig. 1 shows a sketch of the application of electrode catheter 1 made according to the invention. It is preferred if the electrode catheter is designed for a single use whereafter is should be disposed.
- the electrode catheter 1 comprises a catheter tube 2 which can have an F6 size according to the internationally accepted size standard and the catheter can be 100 cm long.
- a frontal electrode 3 is arranged in the frontal end of the electrode catheter 1 and a rear electrode 4 is located at a distance of about 10 mm behind the frontal electrode 3.
- a closing member 5 is coupled to the rear end of the catheter tube 2.
- Member 5 is provided with a stub 6 to which the end of a suction pipe can be connected.
- Electrode wires 7 and 8 extend out from the member 5 with connector plugs 9 and 10 at their free ends.
- FIG. 2 the frontal section of the electrode catheter 1 is shown in an enlarged and partly sectional view.
- the frontal electrode 3 is a hollow sleeve which has a slightly arced frontal rim, and a thin lead-out wire 11 is connected to the interior of the sleeve by means of a soldered or any other unreleasable connection.
- the rear electrode 4 is a short tube section provided with respective shoulders in the front and rear end portions.
- An extension tube 12 made of the same material as the catheter tube 2 connects the frontal shoulder of the rear electrode 4 to the frontal electrode 3.
- the interior of the rear electrode 4 is connected to another lead-out wire 13 similar to the wire 11.
- the frontal end of the catheter tube 2 is tightly coupled to the rear shoulder of the rear electrode 4 and the so designed electrode catheter 1 has a hollow interior extending continuously throughout the full length thereof.
- the two lead-out wires 11 and 13 are connected to the respective electrode wires 7 and 8.
- Fig. 1 shows that the electrode catheter extends into the right heart after having been introduced by means of percutaneous puncture through the femoral vein, and the frontal electrode 3 abuts the His bundle.
- This position can be adjusted under control of an electrocardiograph 15 coupled to the frontal and rear electrodes 3 and 4 and under fluoroscopic inspection.
- the tap valve of the closing member 5 is turned and the hollow interior of the electrode catheter 1 is actively coupled to a suction pump 16 by which a depression of -13.6 kPa is established.
- a suction pump 16 by which a depression of -13.6 kPa is established.
- the annular face of the frontal electrode 3 gets pulled to the His bundle.
- the frontal electrode 3 is affixed in the adjusted location and position.
- An outer electrode 17 is placed over the patient's left scapula, then the connector plug 9 coupled to the frontal electrode 3 and the electrode 17 are connected to respective terminals of a defibrillator 14 and by means of a synchronous discharge of suitable energy, e.g. 50 Wsec, a DC shock is delivered.
- suitable energy e.g. 50 Wsec
- a DC shock is delivered.
- the resulting electro-coagulation provides a total AV block.
- the suction is disrupted and physiologic saline is infused into the catheter to separate the frontal electrode 3 from the His bundle.
- the patient's heart is controlled with an external pacemaker via a previously introduced
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
Un cathéter (1) à électrode pour l'ablation du faisceau de His comprend une électrode (3) en forme de manchon creux et court à une extrémité du tube cathéter (2), une ouverture centrale communiquant avec l'intérieur du tube cathéter (2) à travers lequel une force d'aspiration peut être appliquée pour positionner et fixer l'électrode sur la partie désirée de la paroi du coeur. L'électrode est utilisée conjointement avec une électrode extérieure (4) permettant d'établir un choc électrique qui produit un blocage atrio-ventriculaire.An electrode catheter (1) for the ablation of the His bundle comprises a short, hollow sleeve-shaped electrode (3) at one end of the catheter tube (2), a central opening communicating with the interior of the catheter tube ( 2) through which a suction force can be applied to position and fix the electrode on the desired part of the wall of the heart. The electrode is used in conjunction with an outer electrode (4) to establish an electric shock which produces atrioventricular blockage.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HU8679A HU194499B (en) | 1986-01-08 | 1986-01-08 | Electrode-catheter for ablation of his fascicle |
HU7986 | 1986-01-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0256043A1 true EP0256043A1 (en) | 1988-02-24 |
Family
ID=10947805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87900679A Withdrawn EP0256043A1 (en) | 1986-01-08 | 1987-01-08 | Electrode catheter for the ablation of the his bundle |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0256043A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HU194499B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987004081A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4896671A (en) * | 1988-08-01 | 1990-01-30 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Catheter with contoured ablation electrode |
GB2225534A (en) * | 1988-08-11 | 1990-06-06 | Kontron Holding Ag | Electrosurgical apparatus |
EP0500215A1 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-08-26 | ANGELASE, Inc. | Process and apparatus for mapping of tachyarrhythmia |
US5300068A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1994-04-05 | St. Jude Medical, Inc. | Electrosurgical apparatus |
CA2141522A1 (en) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-17 | Thomas D. Weldon | Electrophysiology positioning catheter |
US6723069B1 (en) | 1994-02-16 | 2004-04-20 | Novoste Corporation | Electrophysiology positioning catheter |
US5824005A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1998-10-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Maneuverable electrophysiology catheter for percutaneous or intraoperative ablation of cardiac arrhythmias |
US5836311A (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1998-11-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method and apparatus for temporarily immobilizing a local area of tissue |
US5727569A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1998-03-17 | Cardiothoracic Systems, Inc. | Surgical devices for imposing a negative pressure to fix the position of cardiac tissue during surgery |
CA2197608C (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 2000-02-01 | Charles S. Taylor | Surgical devices for imposing a negative pressure to stabilize cardiac tissue during surgery |
US6152874A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2000-11-28 | Genzyme Corporation | Adjustable multi-purpose coronary stabilizing retractor |
CA2252873C (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2005-04-12 | Genzyme Corporation | Coronary stabilizing retractor |
US6254535B1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 2001-07-03 | Genzyme Corporation | Ball and socket coronary stabilizer |
US7235049B1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 2007-06-26 | Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | Surgical retractor and method of positioning an artery during surgery |
US6033362A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2000-03-07 | Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | Surgical retractor and method of use |
US6458079B1 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2002-10-01 | Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | Surgical retractor and method of use |
AU2857700A (en) | 1999-01-24 | 2000-08-07 | Genzyme Corporation | Surgical retractor and tissue stabilization device having an adjustable sled member |
US6348036B1 (en) | 1999-01-24 | 2002-02-19 | Genzyme Corporation | Surgical retractor and tissue stabilization device |
AU4701800A (en) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-11-17 | Cardiothoracic Systems, Inc. | Surgical instruments for accessing and stabilizing a localized portion of a beating heart |
US8241274B2 (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2012-08-14 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method for guiding a medical device |
US6464690B1 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2002-10-15 | Popcab, Llc | Port off-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass heart stabilization system |
US6503245B2 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2003-01-07 | Medcanica, Inc. | Method of performing port off-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery |
US6592573B2 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2003-07-15 | Popcab, Llc | Through-port heart stabilization system |
US7027876B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2006-04-11 | Medtronic, Inc. | Lead system for providing electrical stimulation to the Bundle of His |
EP2455037A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2012-05-23 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and apparatus for treatment of patent foramen ovale |
US7186251B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2007-03-06 | Cierra, Inc. | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of patent foramen ovale |
US7293562B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2007-11-13 | Cierra, Inc. | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of anatomic tissue defects |
US8021362B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2011-09-20 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and apparatus for closing a layered tissue defect |
US7972330B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2011-07-05 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and apparatus for closing a layered tissue defect |
US6939348B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2005-09-06 | Cierra, Inc. | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of patent foramen ovale |
US7165552B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2007-01-23 | Cierra, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for treatment of patent foramen ovale |
US7479104B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2009-01-20 | Maquet Cardiovascular, Llc | Organ manipulator apparatus |
US7367975B2 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2008-05-06 | Cierra, Inc. | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of anatomic tissue defects |
CA2599310C (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2013-12-10 | Cierra, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to achieve a closure of a layered tissue defect |
WO2008112870A2 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Epicardial ablation catheter and method of use |
US11058354B2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2021-07-13 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Access needle with direct visualization and related methods |
CA2680639C (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2017-03-07 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Access needle pressure sensor device and method of use |
US9468396B2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2016-10-18 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Systems and methods for determining location of an access needle in a subject |
US9211405B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2015-12-15 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Electrode catheter for ablation purposes and related method thereof |
US8301265B2 (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2012-10-30 | Medtronic, Inc. | Selective depth electrode deployment for electrical stimulation |
WO2009062061A1 (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-14 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Steerable epicardial pacing catheter system placed via the subxiphoid process |
US8874237B2 (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2014-10-28 | Medtronic, Inc. | Delivery catheter including side port and electrodes |
US9642534B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2017-05-09 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Systems and methods for determining location of an access needle in a subject |
EP2537149B1 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2017-10-25 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | System, method, and computer program product for simulating epicardial electrophysiology procedures |
US9022998B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2015-05-05 | Maquet Cardiovascular Llc | Blower instrument, apparatus and methods of using |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD98608A1 (en) * | 1972-07-04 | 1973-07-12 | ||
US4090518A (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1978-05-23 | Elam James O | Esophago-pharyngeal airway |
FR2560052B1 (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1988-02-05 | Benhaim Jean | IMPROVEMENT TO A VASCULAR CATHETERISM PROBE |
US4574807A (en) * | 1984-03-02 | 1986-03-11 | Carl Hewson | Method and apparatus for pacing the heart employing external and internal electrodes |
-
1986
- 1986-01-08 HU HU8679A patent/HU194499B/en unknown
-
1987
- 1987-01-08 EP EP87900679A patent/EP0256043A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-01-08 WO PCT/HU1987/000001 patent/WO1987004081A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8704081A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU194499B (en) | 1988-02-29 |
HUT42332A (en) | 1987-07-28 |
WO1987004081A1 (en) | 1987-07-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19871009 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: POLGAR, PETER |