EP0255016A1 - Current limiting switch element - Google Patents

Current limiting switch element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0255016A1
EP0255016A1 EP87110495A EP87110495A EP0255016A1 EP 0255016 A1 EP0255016 A1 EP 0255016A1 EP 87110495 A EP87110495 A EP 87110495A EP 87110495 A EP87110495 A EP 87110495A EP 0255016 A1 EP0255016 A1 EP 0255016A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact member
movable contact
current
magnetic field
switching element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87110495A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0255016B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Dipl.-Ing. Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT87110495T priority Critical patent/ATE85456T1/en
Publication of EP0255016A1 publication Critical patent/EP0255016A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0255016B1 publication Critical patent/EP0255016B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2066—Fork-shaped bridge; Two transversally connected contact arms bridging two fixed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current-limiting switching element, for the at least one contact of which is made between a movable and a fixed contact member, a device for an auxiliary magnetic field is provided, the axis of which is arranged perpendicular to the movable contact member.
  • An electrical switch which redirects its operating current from main contacts to an auxiliary contact, the configuration of which can be read from the arrangement described at the beginning (US Pat. No. 2,555,799).
  • the known arrangement is one of the variously known arrangements under the type of arc running aids.
  • switchgear The most important prerequisite for current-limiting switchgear is a quick contact opening that starts early. In switchgear, this is usually achieved using a fast magnet armature system.
  • the magnetic armature system often strikes the movable contact element before a switch lock is released.
  • electrodynamic forces In order to accelerate the arcing, it is also common to apply electrodynamic forces to the moving contact.
  • Such measures are also used as arcing aids.
  • the effective magnetic field at the contact point is additionally reinforced by iron brackets, iron plates or so-called blow coils. This allows an arc to enter more quickly enter the arcing chamber.
  • the actual center of magnetic force generation, the magnetic release is usually located relatively away from the contact point.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a current-limiting switching element or switching device that exerts strong opening forces on a movable contact member and can be used both with and without arcing chambers.
  • the solution of the described object is according to the invention that in the direction of the axis of the device for that of the auxiliary magnetic field is at least approximately the direction of movement of the movable contact member and that the current direction for contact is selected so that the adjacent contact member with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field one of the solid contact member experiences repulsive force.
  • the extinguishing plates can be arranged in planes spanned perpendicular to the magnetic field, so that a compact construction results in a switching device with an extinguishing chamber.
  • the direction of movement of the movable contact member does not run in the direction of the auxiliary magnetic field, but perpendicular to it.
  • quenching plates can only be arranged within an auxiliary winding or at an offset level, which leads to a voluminous structure.
  • a particularly strong force effect on the movable contact member is achieved if two contact pieces for two contacts are formed on a common movable contact member which extends at least approximately in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device for the auxiliary magnetic field.
  • a contact element can comprise the magnet arrangement in a U-shaped or crescent shape.
  • the movable contact member offers opening forces a large area of attack.
  • the common movable contact member can also form several turns around the auxiliary magnetic field, whereby the force effect is further increased. If the fixed contact members form U-shaped legs together with the common movable contact member in the contact area, the arc run is promoted in a known manner, since current loops are formed.
  • the device for the auxiliary magnetic field can in particular be part of a magnet armature circuit, as a result of which the central point for the greatest magnetic force development can act directly on the contacts which are spatially arranged close to this.
  • the magnet armature can be operatively connected to the movable contact member in a manner known per se, whereby an impact armature effect is used.
  • Mechanisms with a dead center position and restraining devices allow the effect of the magnetic force to open the contact to be metered in a manner known per se.
  • the device for the auxiliary magnetic field can be an electromagnet, for the excitation winding of which two contacts are connected in series with a common movable contact member. This ensures that the full working current to the contact opening is immediate, So even without a magnetic trigger that acts on a key switch.
  • the movable contact member is movably mounted directly in the magnetic field of the release and the current direction in the movable contact is opposite to that of the coil current.
  • the contact members carry contact pieces 5.
  • the axis of a device for generating an auxiliary magnetic field 7 is oriented perpendicular to the direction of extension of the movable contact member 3 when it contacts its closed position.
  • the direction of movement of the is approximately in the direction of the axis of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field 7 movable contact member 3.
  • the direction of current via connecting conductor 8, in the direction of arrow 9, is selected so that the movable contact member 3 experiences a repelling force from the fixed contact member with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field 7.
  • the device for the auxiliary magnetic field 7 consists of an electromagnet, the winding 10 of which is provided with connections 11, and of a magnetic yoke body 12 which leads the field back to the core 13.
  • the magnetic field 7 has an opening effect on the current at a flow direction 9 if the magnetic field with its imaginary axis 14 has a north pole above the plane of the drawing.
  • the legs of the movable contact member common to two contacts 1, 2 carry contact pieces 5 and form 4 U-shaped legs or a current loop with the fixed contact members.
  • a force is exerted on the arc in the direction of the imaginary U-axis, namely in the direction of the U-bottom.
  • Extinguishing plates of an arc chamber 15 can therefore be arranged in the running direction of the arc.
  • the connecting rail 8 also acts as a running rail, and a second running rail 16 can be arranged above the lower running rail.
  • Such quenching chambers 15 can be arranged to both contacts.
  • Magnetic stray fields in the contact area support the arc entry into the quenching chamber, whereby a force is exerted on the arc that is perpendicular to the current direction in the arc and perpendicular to the stray magnetic field in the contact area.
  • the current supply to the contacts can be designed as a series connection for winding the electromagnet.
  • the movable contact member 3 for the two contacts can be pivoted about a mechanical axis 17 in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the two contact points act open as a double break in the circuit between the connecting rails 8.
  • a common movable contact member 3 for two contact points is arranged in a plane approximately perpendicular to the axis 14 of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field.
  • the fixed contact members together with the common movable contact member 3 form U-shaped legs in the contact area.
  • the current supply and discharge could also be designed differently geometrically if an arc running aid of the type already described is not required.
  • the legs of the U-shaped or crescent-shaped common contact member 3 should end in the magnet area, that is to say, for example, be short. Nevertheless, the movable contact member can be guided in several turns around the axis 14 of the auxiliary magnetic field 7, as is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the movable contact element 3 according to FIG. 2 or according to FIG. 3 can either be translationally movable approximately in the direction of the axis 14 of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field 7 of the magnetic field axis 14 or also about an axis in the plane in which the movable contact element 3 according to FIG. 2 extends rotatably.
  • the ends of the common movable Contact member 3 are thereby almost again movable in the direction of the magnetic field axis.
  • the magnetic field is amplified in the arrangement according to the invention by the current flow in the fixed contact members 4. Since the current-limiting switching element has large opening forces at low currents because of the position of the contacts to the magnetic field and because of the special movable contact elements, switches with a key switch and magnetic release can also be made with relatively simple magnetic release systems, which may be relatively slow.
  • a switching element is illustrated in FIG. 4, the device 6 for the auxiliary magnetic field being part of a magnet armature circuit 18, the magnet armature 22 of which is operatively connected to the movable contact member 3 by opening a plunger 19 onto a part 20 intended to be connected to the movable contact members 3 acts.
  • the contact points are arranged in partial chambers 21 made of electrically insulating wall material.
  • the device 6 for the auxiliary magnetic field is an electromagnet, for the excitation winding 10 two contacts are connected in series with a common movable contact member 3.
  • the magnet armature 18 according to FIG. 4 is acted upon by a restraining device and the movable contact member 3 is guided by a mechanism which has a dead center position before the opening path.
  • the restraining forces should be set so that currents with amperage to be switched off are sufficient to move the armature past its dead center position. This prevents undesired opening of the switch too early, and yet the strong magnetic opening forces are used from a threshold value.
  • the restraining device is designed such that the magnet armature 18 is only released in the closing direction of the movable contact member after a time after which contact welding is excluded. This prevents the contacts from closing too early, so that the contact pieces cannot weld.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

A current-limiting switching element, for whose at least one contact set comprising a movable and a fixed contact member, a device for providing an auxiliary magnetic field is arranged with an axis perpendicular to the direction of the extent of the movable contact member. It is provided that the direction of motion of the movable contact member lies in the direction of the axis of the device for providing the auxiliary magnetic field. The direction of the current to the contacts is chosen so that the movable contact member is subjected to a force repelling it from the fixed contact member with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein strombegrenzendes Schaltelement, zu dessen zumindest einem Kontakt der zwischen einem beweglichen und einem festen Kontaktglied hergestellt wird, eine Einrichtung für ein Hilfsmagnet­feld vorgesehen ist, deren Achse senkrecht zum beweg­lichen Kontaktglied angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a current-limiting switching element, for the at least one contact of which is made between a movable and a fixed contact member, a device for an auxiliary magnetic field is provided, the axis of which is arranged perpendicular to the movable contact member.

Es ist ein elektrischer Schalter bekannt, der seinen Betriebsstrom von Hauptkontakten zu einem Hilfskontakt umleitet, dessen Konfiguration sich auf die eingangs geschilderte Anordnung lesen läßt (US-PS 2 555 799). Die bekannte Anordnung ist eine der vielfältig bekannten Vorkehrungen unter der Gattung der Lichtbogenlaufhilfen.An electrical switch is known which redirects its operating current from main contacts to an auxiliary contact, the configuration of which can be read from the arrangement described at the beginning (US Pat. No. 2,555,799). The known arrangement is one of the variously known arrangements under the type of arc running aids.

Bei strombegrenzenden Schaltgeräten ist eine rasche Kontaktöffnung, die frühzeitig einsetzt, die wichtigste Voraussetzung. Bei Schaltgeräten wird dies in der Regel durch ein schnelles Magnetankersystem erreicht. Häufig schlägt das Magnetankersystem schon vor der Entklinkung eines Schaltschlosses auf das bewegliche Kontaktglied. Um den Lichtbogenlauf zu beschleunigen, ist es auch üblich, elektrodynamische Kräfte auf den beweglichen Kontakt einwirken zu lassen. Derartige Maßnahmen werden gleich­zeitig als Lichtbogenlaufhilfen benutzt. Hierzu wird das wirksame Magnetfeld an der Kontaktstelle zusätzlich durch Eisenbügel, Eisenplatten oder sogenannte Blas­spulen verstärkt. Dadurch kann ein Lichtbogen rascher in die Löschkammer einlaufen. Das eigentliche Zentrum der magnetischen Krafterzeugung, der magnetische Auslöser, liegt dabei in der Regel verhältnismäßig abseits von der Kontaktstelle.The most important prerequisite for current-limiting switchgear is a quick contact opening that starts early. In switchgear, this is usually achieved using a fast magnet armature system. The magnetic armature system often strikes the movable contact element before a switch lock is released. In order to accelerate the arcing, it is also common to apply electrodynamic forces to the moving contact. Such measures are also used as arcing aids. For this purpose, the effective magnetic field at the contact point is additionally reinforced by iron brackets, iron plates or so-called blow coils. This allows an arc to enter more quickly enter the arcing chamber. The actual center of magnetic force generation, the magnetic release, is usually located relatively away from the contact point.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein strom­begrenzendes Schaltelement bzw. Schaltgerät zu ent­wickeln, das auf ein bewegliches Kontaktglied starke Öffnungskräfte ausübt und sowohl mit als auch ohne Löschkammern verwendet werden kann.The invention has for its object to develop a current-limiting switching element or switching device that exerts strong opening forces on a movable contact member and can be used both with and without arcing chambers.

Die Lösung der geschilderten Aufgabe besteht nach der Erfindung darin, daß in Richtung der Achse der Einrich­tung für das des Hilfsmagnetfeldes zumindest in etwa die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes liegt und daß die Stromrichtung zum Kontakt so gewählt ist, daß das benachbarte Kontaktglied hinsichtlich des Hilfs­magnetfeldes eine vom festen Kontaktglied abstoßende Kraft erfährt. Dadurch erzielt man den Vorteil, daß bei Einsatz in einem Magnetauslösersystem, das Magnetfeld des Magnetankers direkt oder als Streufeld für die Lichtbogenbewegung und für die schnelle Kontaktöffnung gezielt genutzt werden kann.The solution of the described object is according to the invention that in the direction of the axis of the device for that of the auxiliary magnetic field is at least approximately the direction of movement of the movable contact member and that the current direction for contact is selected so that the adjacent contact member with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field one of the solid contact member experiences repulsive force. This provides the advantage that when used in a magnetic release system, the magnetic field of the magnet armature can be used directly or as a stray field for the arc movement and for the rapid contact opening.

In senkrecht zum Magnetfeld aufgespannt gedachten Ebenen können dabei die Löschbleche angeordnet werden, so daß sich ein gedrungener Aufbau bei einem Schaltgerät mit Löschkammer ergibt. Bei der eingangs geschilderten be­kannten Anordnung verläuft die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes nicht in Richtung des Hilfs­magnetfeldes, sondern senkrecht hierzu. Dazu können Löschbleche nur innerhalb einer Hilfswicklung oder in versetzter Ebene hierzu angeordnet werden, was zu einem voluminösen Aufbau führt.The extinguishing plates can be arranged in planes spanned perpendicular to the magnetic field, so that a compact construction results in a switching device with an extinguishing chamber. In the known arrangement described at the outset, the direction of movement of the movable contact member does not run in the direction of the auxiliary magnetic field, but perpendicular to it. For this purpose, quenching plates can only be arranged within an auxiliary winding or at an offset level, which leads to a voluminous structure.

Eine besonders starke Kraftwirkung auf das bewegliche Kontaktglied erreicht man, wenn zwei Kontaktstücke für zwei Kontakte an einem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontakt­glied ausgebildet sind, das sich zumindest in etwa in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Achse der Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnetfeld erstreckt. Ein solches Kontaktglied kann die Magnetanordnung U-förmig oder sichelförmig umfassen. Das bewegliche Kontaktglied bietet dabei Öff­nungskräften eine große Angriffsfläche. Das gemeinsame bewegliche Kontaktglied kann auch mehrere Windungen um das Hilfsmagnetfeld bilden, wodurch die Kraftwirkung noch vergrößert wird. Wenn die festen Kontaktglieder zusammen mit dem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktglied zweier Kontaktstellen im Kontaktbereich U-förmige Schenkel bilden, wird der Ablauf des Lichtbogens in bekannter Weise gefördert, da sich Stromschlaufen bil­den.A particularly strong force effect on the movable contact member is achieved if two contact pieces for two contacts are formed on a common movable contact member which extends at least approximately in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device for the auxiliary magnetic field. Such a contact element can comprise the magnet arrangement in a U-shaped or crescent shape. The movable contact member offers opening forces a large area of attack. The common movable contact member can also form several turns around the auxiliary magnetic field, whereby the force effect is further increased. If the fixed contact members form U-shaped legs together with the common movable contact member in the contact area, the arc run is promoted in a known manner, since current loops are formed.

Die Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnetfeld kann insbeson­dere Teil eines Magnetankerkreises sein, wodurch die zentrale Stelle für die größte magnetische Kraftentfal­tung direkt auf die räumlich hierzu nahe angeordneten Kontakte einwirken kann. Der Magnetanker kann dabei in an sich bekannter Weise in Wirkverbindung mit dem beweg­lichen Kontaktglied stehen, wodurch eine Schlaganker­wirkung genutzt wird.The device for the auxiliary magnetic field can in particular be part of a magnet armature circuit, as a result of which the central point for the greatest magnetic force development can act directly on the contacts which are spatially arranged close to this. The magnet armature can be operatively connected to the movable contact member in a manner known per se, whereby an impact armature effect is used.

Durch Mechanismen mit Totpunktlage und Fesselungsein­richtungen, wie sie noch im einzelnen beschrieben wer­den sollen, kann die Wirkung der magnetischen Kraft zum Öffnen des Kontaktes in an sich bekannter Weise dosiert werden. Die Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnetfeld kann ein Elektromagnet sein, zu dessen Erregerwicklung bei einem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktglied zwei Kontakte in Reihe geschaltet sind. Hierbei ist sichergestellt, daß der volle Arbeitsstrom zur Kontaktöffnung unmittelbar, also auch ohne einen magnetischen Auslöser, der auf ein Schaltschloß wirkt, genutzt wird. Das bewegliche Kontakt­glied ist dabei direkt im Magnetfeld des Auslösers be­weglich gelagert und die Stromrichtung im beweglichen Kontakt der des Spulenstroms entgegengesetzt.Mechanisms with a dead center position and restraining devices, as will be described in detail below, allow the effect of the magnetic force to open the contact to be metered in a manner known per se. The device for the auxiliary magnetic field can be an electromagnet, for the excitation winding of which two contacts are connected in series with a common movable contact member. This ensures that the full working current to the contact opening is immediate, So even without a magnetic trigger that acts on a key switch. The movable contact member is movably mounted directly in the magnetic field of the release and the current direction in the movable contact is opposite to that of the coil current.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand von in der Zeichnung grob schematisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden:

  • In Figur 1 ist teilweise aufgebrochen und bei entfernten Bauteilen ein strombegrenzendes Schaltelement ohne magnetischen Auslöser und Schaltschloß, also als Limi­ter ausgebildet, wiedergegeben.
  • In Figur 2 ist eine Prinzipanordnung eines für zwei Kontaktstellen gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktgliedes zum Hilfsmagnetfeld wiedergegeben.
  • In Figur 3 ist ein bewegliches Kontaktglied aus mehreren Windungen in seiner Anordnung zum Hilfsmagnetfeld ver­anschaulicht.
  • In Figur 4 ist ein strombegrenzendes Schaltelement ver­anschaulicht, dessen Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnet­feld Teil eines Magnetankerkreises ist, wobei der Magnetanker auf ein Schaltschloß entklinkend einwirken kann.
The invention will now be explained in greater detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown roughly schematically in the drawing:
  • In Figure 1 is partially broken and a current-limiting switching element without magnetic trigger and switch lock, that is designed as a limiter, is shown with removed components.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic arrangement of a movable contact element for the auxiliary magnetic field that is common for two contact points.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a movable contact element made up of several turns in its arrangement with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field.
  • A current-limiting switching element is illustrated in FIG. 4, the device for the auxiliary magnetic field being part of a magnetic armature circuit, the magnetic armature being able to have a releasing action on a switching lock.

Beim strombegrenzenden Schaltelement nach Figur 1 sind zwei Kontakte 1, 2, die jeweils zwischen einem beweg­lichen Kontaktglied 3 und einem festen Kontaktglied 4 hergestellt sind, angeordnet. Die Kontaktglieder tragen Kontaktstücke 5. Senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktglieds 3 ist beim Kontakt zu seiner geschlossenen Stellung die Achse einer Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Hilfsmagnetfeld 7 ausgerichtet. Etwa in Richtung der Achse der Einrichtung zur Erzeugung des Hilfsmagnetfeldes 7 liegt die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes 3. Die Stromrichtung über An­schlußleiter 8, in Pfeilrichtung 9, ist so gewählt, daß das bewegliche Kontaktglied 3 hinsichtlich des Hilfs­magnetfeldes 7 eine vom festen Kontaktglied abstoßende Kraft erfährt.In the current-limiting switching element according to Figure 1, two contacts 1, 2, which are each made between a movable contact member 3 and a fixed contact member 4, are arranged. The contact members carry contact pieces 5. The axis of a device for generating an auxiliary magnetic field 7 is oriented perpendicular to the direction of extension of the movable contact member 3 when it contacts its closed position. The direction of movement of the is approximately in the direction of the axis of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field 7 movable contact member 3. The direction of current via connecting conductor 8, in the direction of arrow 9, is selected so that the movable contact member 3 experiences a repelling force from the fixed contact member with respect to the auxiliary magnetic field 7.

Die Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnetfeld 7 besteht aus einem Elektromagneten, dessen Wicklung 10 mit Anschlüssen 11 versehen ist, und aus einem magnetischen Rückschluß­körper 12, der das Feld zum Kern 13 zurückführt.The device for the auxiliary magnetic field 7 consists of an electromagnet, the winding 10 of which is provided with connections 11, and of a magnetic yoke body 12 which leads the field back to the core 13.

Das Magnetfeld 7 wirkt auf den Strom bei einer Fluß­richtung 9 öffnend ein, wenn das Magnetfeld mit seiner gedachten Achse 14 über der Zeichenebene einen Nordpol aufweist.The magnetic field 7 has an opening effect on the current at a flow direction 9 if the magnetic field with its imaginary axis 14 has a north pole above the plane of the drawing.

Die Schenkel des zu zwei Kontakten 1, 2 gemeinsamen be­weglichen Kontaktgliedes tragen Kontaktstücke 5 und bil­den mit den festen Kontaktgliedern 4 U-förmige Schenkel, bzw. eine Stromschlaufe. Bei einem sich öffnenden Kontakt wird auf den Lichtbogen eine Kraft in Richtung der ge­dachten U-Achse, und zwar in Richtung zum U-Boden ausge­übt. Löschbleche einer Lichtbogenkammer 15 können daher in der Laufrichtung des Lichtbogens angeordnet werden. Die Anschlußschiene 8 wirkt dabei zugleich als Lauf­schiene, wobei eine zweite Laufschiene 16 oberhalb der unteren Laufschiene angeordnet sein kann. Derartige Löschkammern 15 können zu beiden Kontakten angeordnet sein. Den Lichtbogeneinlauf in die Löschkammer unter­stützen dabei magnetische Streufelder im Kontaktbereich, wodurch auf den Lichtbogen eine Kraft ausgeübt wird, die senkrecht zur Stromrichtung im Lichtbogen und senkrecht zum Streumagnetfeld im Kontaktbereich steht.The legs of the movable contact member common to two contacts 1, 2 carry contact pieces 5 and form 4 U-shaped legs or a current loop with the fixed contact members. When the contact opens, a force is exerted on the arc in the direction of the imaginary U-axis, namely in the direction of the U-bottom. Extinguishing plates of an arc chamber 15 can therefore be arranged in the running direction of the arc. The connecting rail 8 also acts as a running rail, and a second running rail 16 can be arranged above the lower running rail. Such quenching chambers 15 can be arranged to both contacts. Magnetic stray fields in the contact area support the arc entry into the quenching chamber, whereby a force is exerted on the arc that is perpendicular to the current direction in the arc and perpendicular to the stray magnetic field in the contact area.

Die Stromführung zu den Kontakten kann als Reihen­schaltung zur Wicklung des Elektromagneten ausgelegt sein.The current supply to the contacts can be designed as a series connection for winding the electromagnet.

Das bewegliche Kontaktglied 3 für die zwei Kontakte ist im Ausführungsbeispiel um eine mechanische Achse 17 ver­schwenkbar. Die beiden Kontaktstellen wirken geöffnet als Doppelunterbrechung im Stromkreis zwischen den An­schlußschienen 8.The movable contact member 3 for the two contacts can be pivoted about a mechanical axis 17 in the exemplary embodiment. The two contact points act open as a double break in the circuit between the connecting rails 8.

In Figur 2 ist ein gemeinsames bewegliches Kontaktglied 3 für zwei Kontaktstellen in einer Ebene in etwa senkrecht zur Achse 14 der Einrichtung zur Erzeugung des Hilfs­magnetfeldes angeordnet. Die festen Kontaktglieder bil­den zusammen mit dem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontakt­glied 3 jeweils im Kontaktbereich U-förmige Schenkel. Die Stromzuführung und Abführung könnte geometrisch auch anders ausgebildet sein, wenn eine Lichtbogenlaufhilfe der bereits geschilderten Art nicht benötigt wird. Um andererseits die Magnetwirkung auch für das Loslaufen des Lichtbogens zu nutzen, sollten die Schenkel des U-förmigen bzw. sichelförmigen gemeinsamen Kontaktglie­des 3 im Magnetbereich enden, also beispielsweise kurz ausgebildet sein. Dennoch kann das bewegliche Kontakt­glied in mehreren Windungen um die Achse 14 des Hilfs­magnetfeldes 7 geführt sein, wie es in Figur 3 veran­schaulicht ist.In Figure 2, a common movable contact member 3 for two contact points is arranged in a plane approximately perpendicular to the axis 14 of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field. The fixed contact members together with the common movable contact member 3 form U-shaped legs in the contact area. The current supply and discharge could also be designed differently geometrically if an arc running aid of the type already described is not required. On the other hand, in order to use the magnetic effect for the arc to start running, the legs of the U-shaped or crescent-shaped common contact member 3 should end in the magnet area, that is to say, for example, be short. Nevertheless, the movable contact member can be guided in several turns around the axis 14 of the auxiliary magnetic field 7, as is illustrated in FIG. 3.

Das bewegliche Kontaktglied 3 nach Figur 2 oder nach Figur 3 kann entweder translatorisch annähernd in Rich­tung der Achse 14 der Einrichtung zur Erzeugung des Hilfsmagnetfeldes 7 der Magnetfeldachse 14 bewegbar sein oder auch um eine Achse in der Ebene, in der das beweg­liche Kontaktglied 3 nach Figur 2 sich erstreckt, dreh­bar gelagert sein. Die Enden des gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktgliedes 3 sind dadurch annähernd wieder in Richtung der Magnetfeldachse beweglich. Das Magnetfeld wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung durch den Stromfluß in den festen Kontaktgliedern 4 verstärkt. Da sich beim strombegrenzenden Schaltelement schon bei geringen Stromstärken große Öffnungskräfte wegen der Lage der Kontakte zum Magnetfeld und wegen der beson­deren beweglichen Kontaktglieder ergeben, kommt man auch bei Schaltern mit Schaltschloß und Magnetauslöser mit verhältnismäßig einfachen Magnetauslösesystemen, die relativ langsam sein dürfen, aus.The movable contact element 3 according to FIG. 2 or according to FIG. 3 can either be translationally movable approximately in the direction of the axis 14 of the device for generating the auxiliary magnetic field 7 of the magnetic field axis 14 or also about an axis in the plane in which the movable contact element 3 according to FIG. 2 extends rotatably. The ends of the common movable Contact member 3 are thereby almost again movable in the direction of the magnetic field axis. The magnetic field is amplified in the arrangement according to the invention by the current flow in the fixed contact members 4. Since the current-limiting switching element has large opening forces at low currents because of the position of the contacts to the magnetic field and because of the special movable contact elements, switches with a key switch and magnetic release can also be made with relatively simple magnetic release systems, which may be relatively slow.

In Figur 4 ist ein Schaltelement veranschaulicht, dessen Einrichtung 6 für das Hilfsmagnetfeld Teil eines Magnet­ankerkreises 18 ist, dessen Magnetanker 22 in Wirkver­bindung mit dem beweglichen Kontaktglied 3 steht, indem ein Stößel 19 auf ein mit dem beweglichen Kontaktglie­dern 3 in Verbindung stehend gedachtes Teil 20 öffnend einwirkt. Die Kontaktstellen sind im Ausführungsbeispiel in Teilkammern 21 aus elektrisch isolierendem Wandmate­rial angeordnet. Die Einrichtung 6 für das Hilfsmagnet­feld ist ein Elektromagnet, zu dessen Erregerwicklung 10 zwei Kontakte bei einem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontakt­glied 3 in Reihe geschaltet sind.A switching element is illustrated in FIG. 4, the device 6 for the auxiliary magnetic field being part of a magnet armature circuit 18, the magnet armature 22 of which is operatively connected to the movable contact member 3 by opening a plunger 19 onto a part 20 intended to be connected to the movable contact members 3 acts. In the exemplary embodiment, the contact points are arranged in partial chambers 21 made of electrically insulating wall material. The device 6 for the auxiliary magnetic field is an electromagnet, for the excitation winding 10 two contacts are connected in series with a common movable contact member 3.

Es ist günstig, wenn der Magnetanker 18 nach Figur 4 von einer Fesselungseinrichtung beaufschlagt und das beweg­liche Kontaktglied 3 von einem Mechanismus geführt ist, der vor dem Öffnungsweg eine Totpunktlage hat. Dabei sollten die Fesselungskräfte so eingestellt sein, daß Ströme mit abzuschaltender Stromstärke sicher ausreichen, den Anker über seine Totpunktlage hinwegzubewegen. Da­durch wird ein unerwünschtes zu frühes Öffnen des Schalters vermieden, und dennoch werden die starken magnetischen Öffnungskräfte ab einem Schwellwert genutzt.It is advantageous if the magnet armature 18 according to FIG. 4 is acted upon by a restraining device and the movable contact member 3 is guided by a mechanism which has a dead center position before the opening path. The restraining forces should be set so that currents with amperage to be switched off are sufficient to move the armature past its dead center position. This prevents undesired opening of the switch too early, and yet the strong magnetic opening forces are used from a threshold value.

Es ist weiter vorteilhaft, wenn die Fesselungseinrich­tung so ausgelegt ist, daß der Magnetanker 18 in Schließ­richtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes erst nach einer Zeit freigegeben wird, nach der ein Kontaktverschweißen ausgeschlossen ist. Dadurch vermeidet man also ein zu frühes Schließen der Kontakte, so daß die Kontaktstücke nicht verschweißen können.It is further advantageous if the restraining device is designed such that the magnet armature 18 is only released in the closing direction of the movable contact member after a time after which contact welding is excluded. This prevents the contacts from closing too early, so that the contact pieces cannot weld.

Claims (9)

1. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement, zu dessen zumindest einem Kontakt (1, 2), der zwischen einem beweglichen und einem festen Kontaktglied hergestellt wird, eine Einrichtung (6) für ein Hilfsmagnetfeld (7) vorgesehen ist, deren Achse (14) senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes (3) angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Richtung der Achse (14) der Einrichtung für das Hilfs­magnetfeld (7) zumindest in etwa die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktgliedes (3) liegt und daß die Stromrichtung zum Kontakt so gewählt ist, daß das be­wegliche Kontaktglied (3) hinsichtlich des Hilfsmagnet­feldes (7) eine vom festen Kontaktglied (4) abstoßende Kraft erfährt.1. Current-limiting switching element, for whose at least one contact (1, 2), which is produced between a movable and a fixed contact member, a device (6) for an auxiliary magnetic field (7) is provided, the axis (14) of which is perpendicular to the direction of extension of the movable contact member (3) is arranged,
characterized in that in the direction of the axis (14) of the device for the auxiliary magnetic field (7) is at least approximately the direction of movement of the movable contact member (3) and that the current direction for contact is selected so that the movable contact member (3) with respect to Auxiliary magnetic field (7) experiences a repelling force from the fixed contact member (4). 2. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Kontaktstücke (5) für Kontakte an einem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktglied (3) angeordnet sind, das sich zumindest in etwa in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Achse (14) der Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnetfeld (7) er­streckt.2. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 1,
characterized in that two contact pieces (5) for contacts are arranged on a common movable contact member (3) which extends at least approximately in a plane perpendicular to the axis (14) of the device for the auxiliary magnetic field (7). 3. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gemeinsame bewegliche Kontaktglied (3) mehrere Windungen um die Achse (14) der Einrichtung für das Hilfsmagnet­feld (7) bildet.3. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 2,
characterized in that the common movable contact member (3) forms several turns around the axis (14) of the device for the auxiliary magnetic field (7). 4. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die festen Kontaktglieder (4) zusammen mit dem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktglied (3) im Kontaktbereich jeweils U-förmige Schenkel bilden.4. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 2,
characterized in that the fixed contact members (4) together with the common movable contact member (3) each form U-shaped legs in the contact area. 5. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (6) für das Hilfsmagnetfeld (7) Teil eines Magnetankerkreises (17) ist, dessen Magnetanker (18) in Wirkverbindung mit dem beweglichen Kontaktglied (3) steht.5. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 2,
characterized in that the device (6) for the auxiliary magnetic field (7) is part of a magnet armature circuit (17), the magnet armature (18) of which is in operative connection with the movable contact member (3). 6. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktglied (3) von einem Mechanismus ge­führt ist, der vor dem Öffnungsweg eine Totpunktlage hat.6. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 1,
characterized in that the movable contact member (3) is guided by a mechanism which has a dead center position before the opening path. 7. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Magnetanker (18) von einer Fesselungseinrichtung beauf­schlagt und das bewegliche Kontaktglied (3) von einem Mechanismus geführt ist, der vor dem Öffnungsweg eine Totpunktlage hat und daß die Fesselungskräfte so einge­stellt sind, daß Ströme mit abzuschaltender Stromstärke sicher ausreichen, den Anker über seine Totpunktlage hinwegzubewegen.7. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 5,
characterized in that the magnet armature (18) is acted upon by a restraining device and the movable contact member (3) is guided by a mechanism which has a dead center position before the opening path and that the restraining forces are set such that currents with amperage to be switched off are sufficient Move anchor over its dead center position. 8. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fesselungseinrichtung so ausgelegt ist, daß der Magnet­anker (18) in Schließrichtung des beweglichen Kontakt­gliedes (3) erst nach einer Zeit freigegeben wird, nach der ein Kontaktschweißen ausgeschlossen ist.8. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 7,
characterized in that the restraining device is designed such that the magnet armature (18) in the closing direction of the movable contact member (3) is only released after a time after which contact welding is excluded. 9. Strombegrenzendes Schaltelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (6) für das Hilfsmagnetfeld (7) ein Elektro­magnet ist, zu dessen Erregerwicklung (10) zwei Kontakte bei einem gemeinsamen beweglichen Kontaktglied (3) in Reihe geschaltet sind.9. Current-limiting switching element according to claim 1,
characterized in that the device (6) for the auxiliary magnetic field (7) is an electromagnet, for the excitation winding (10) of which two contacts are connected in series with a common movable contact member (3).
EP87110495A 1986-07-31 1987-07-20 Current limiting switch element Expired - Lifetime EP0255016B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87110495T ATE85456T1 (en) 1986-07-31 1987-07-20 CURRENT-LIMITING SWITCHING ELEMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3625998 1986-07-31
DE3625998 1986-07-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0255016A1 true EP0255016A1 (en) 1988-02-03
EP0255016B1 EP0255016B1 (en) 1993-02-03

Family

ID=6306442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87110495A Expired - Lifetime EP0255016B1 (en) 1986-07-31 1987-07-20 Current limiting switch element

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Country Link
US (1) US4810841A (en)
EP (1) EP0255016B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2718012B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE85456T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3783965D1 (en)
NO (1) NO173208C (en)

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EP0418786A2 (en) * 1989-09-18 1991-03-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit breaker
EP0649155A1 (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-19 Hager Electro S.A. Double arc runner for a circuit breaker arc guide chamber
EP1548773A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-29 ABB Schweiz AG Arc extinguishing installation for a circuit breaker with a double break
EP1548772A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-29 ABB Schweiz Holding AG Arc extinguishing installation for a circuit breaker with a double break
FR2953979A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-17 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Switchgear for starting circuit in electrical terminal distribution panel, has triggering mechanism acting on main contacts via actuator, and button for closing movable contact to allow order to close main contacts and resetting switchgear
WO2014077923A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Eaton Corporation Arc runner assembly and circuit interrupter

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JP2749392B2 (en) * 1989-09-18 1998-05-13 三菱電機株式会社 Circuit breaker
FR2652199B1 (en) * 1989-09-19 1994-05-13 Telemecanique SWITCHING DEVICE WITH CURRENT LOOPS ASSISTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARC.
US5268661A (en) * 1992-09-18 1993-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Current throttle technique
EP0736887B1 (en) * 1995-03-30 2002-05-29 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrical contact assembly
US5874873A (en) * 1997-08-22 1999-02-23 Eaton Corporation Electric control apparatus
JP4334057B2 (en) * 1999-04-15 2009-09-16 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 Electromagnetic relay
DE102011078524A1 (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Double-breaking protective switching device
JP6548905B2 (en) * 2015-02-06 2019-07-24 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 switch
US9673004B1 (en) * 2016-03-25 2017-06-06 Eaton Corporation Electrical switching apparatus, and arc chamber assembly and associated circuit protection method

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Cited By (11)

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EP0418786A2 (en) * 1989-09-18 1991-03-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit breaker
EP0418786A3 (en) * 1989-09-18 1992-03-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit breaker
EP0649155A1 (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-19 Hager Electro S.A. Double arc runner for a circuit breaker arc guide chamber
EP1548773A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-29 ABB Schweiz AG Arc extinguishing installation for a circuit breaker with a double break
EP1548772A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-29 ABB Schweiz Holding AG Arc extinguishing installation for a circuit breaker with a double break
US7081596B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2006-07-25 Abb Schweiz Ag Arc-quenching device for circuit breakers having double-break contacts
FR2953979A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-17 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Switchgear for starting circuit in electrical terminal distribution panel, has triggering mechanism acting on main contacts via actuator, and button for closing movable contact to allow order to close main contacts and resetting switchgear
WO2014077923A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Eaton Corporation Arc runner assembly and circuit interrupter
US8947181B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2015-02-03 Eaton Corporation Arc runner assembly and circuit interrupter
CN104798162A (en) * 2012-11-15 2015-07-22 伊顿公司 Arc runner assembly and circuit interrupter
CN104798162B (en) * 2012-11-15 2017-07-07 伊顿公司 Arc runner component and circuit interrupter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO173208C (en) 1993-11-10
NO873054D0 (en) 1987-07-21
ATE85456T1 (en) 1993-02-15
DE3783965D1 (en) 1993-03-18
EP0255016B1 (en) 1993-02-03
NO873054L (en) 1988-02-01
US4810841A (en) 1989-03-07
JPS6340226A (en) 1988-02-20
JP2718012B2 (en) 1998-02-25
NO173208B (en) 1993-08-02

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