EP0254759A1 - Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254759A1
EP0254759A1 EP86110463A EP86110463A EP0254759A1 EP 0254759 A1 EP0254759 A1 EP 0254759A1 EP 86110463 A EP86110463 A EP 86110463A EP 86110463 A EP86110463 A EP 86110463A EP 0254759 A1 EP0254759 A1 EP 0254759A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
displacer
refrigerator
housing
pressure
protective gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86110463A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Kiese
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers und Leybold Deutschland Holding AG
Original Assignee
Leybold AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG filed Critical Leybold AG
Priority to EP86110463A priority Critical patent/EP0254759A1/fr
Priority to US07/079,110 priority patent/US4761963A/en
Publication of EP0254759A1 publication Critical patent/EP0254759A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for replacing the displacer of a refrigerator with a divided housing, the parts of which can be separated from one another in such a way that the displacer is accessible.
  • the invention also relates to a refrigerator which is suitably designed for carrying out the method.
  • Refrigerators are low-temperature chillers in which thermodynamic cycle processes take place.
  • a single-stage refrigerator essentially comprises a work space with a displacer.
  • the working space is alternately connected to a high-pressure and a low-pressure gas source, so that the thermodynamic cycle takes place during the forced reciprocating movement of the displacer.
  • the working gas is conducted in a closed cycle. The result is that heat is extracted from a certain area of the working chamber.
  • two-stage refrigerators of this type and helium as the working gas temperatures below 10 K can be generated.
  • the displacer In order to avoid long interruptions in operation, it is known to change the displacer using a glovebox.
  • the use of the glovebox makes it possible to change the displacer under a protective gas atmosphere. This can prevent, for example, condensable gases from entering the working or cylinder space of the displacer and condensing on areas that are still cold.
  • the use of the glovebox therefore has the advantage of being able to change the displacer at still low temperatures, that is, heating up the not to have to wait for cold areas of the refrigerator and the connected device or instrument.
  • the relatively expensive glovebox can only be used where there is sufficient space.
  • the duration of the replacement work is still quite long (at least 2 hours).
  • the reason for this is on the one hand the necessity of several purging processes associated with a relatively high shielding gas consumption in order to generate a sufficiently pure shielding gas atmosphere within the glove box.
  • Another reason is the more difficult handling of the tools with the gloves of the glovebox.
  • the displacer to be replaced, after being pulled out will touch the walls or gloves of the glovebox with its cold side. This results in destruction of the parts usually made of plastic films and thus contamination of the protective gas atmosphere.
  • the temperature increases occurring during the replacement work are not negligible, so that start-up times are still added to the times of the direct replacement work.
  • the costs associated with the high shielding gas consumption are not insignificant if helium has to be used.
  • the present invention is based on the object of proposing a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables a further, considerable reduction in the outlay associated with the replacement work.
  • Displacer should also be understood to mean the displacer system of a two- or three-stage refrigerator, which consists of two or three displacer stages coupled to one another.
  • the refrigerator 1 shown in the figure has a housing which consists of the two parts 2 and 3.
  • the housing part 2 In the housing part 2, the cylindrical working spaces 4 and 5 for the two displacement stages 6 and 7 are accommodated.
  • the upper displacement stage 6 is equipped with a drive piston 8, the associated cylinder 9 of which is accommodated in a guide bush 10 which closes off the working space 4 from the housing part 3.
  • the guide bush 10 is equipped with the holes 11, 12 and 13.
  • the holes 11 open into the working space 4 and serve to supply this space with working gas.
  • the bore 13 opens into a transverse bore 14 which is connected to an annular groove 15 in the outer wall of the guide bush 10.
  • Two further bores 12 are indicated by dash-dotted lines and serve to pneumatically drive the system consisting of the displacers 6 and 7.
  • the different bores are in different planes from the plane of the drawing, so that they do not cross each other, which is indicated by the dashed or dash-dotted lines.
  • control motor 16 is housed, which actuates the control valve 18 via the shaft 17.
  • This control valve 18 is used in a manner known per se to supply the various bores with working gas under high pressure and under low pressure.
  • the connections for the high pressure and the low pressure working gas are designated 19 and 20.
  • the parting plane 21 between the housing parts 2 and 3 lies at the level of the control valve 18. It is chosen so that after the removal of the upper housing part 3 with the motor 16 and valve 18, a flat pot-shaped space 22 is present above the guide bush 10. At the level of this space 22 there is a bore 23 which penetrates the wall of the housing part 2 and connects the space 22 to the high-pressure connection 19.
  • the low pressure connection 20 is connected to the bore 24 in the housing part 3, which opens into the annular groove 15 of the guide bush 10.
  • the high-pressure working gas flows via the connection 19 into the chamber 22 With the help of the control valve 18 supplied the various holes. After its expansion in the refrigerator stages, the working gas reaches the bores 13, 14 and flows out via the annular groove 15 and the low-pressure connection 20.
  • the pressure of the working gas at the high pressure connection 19 is usually 22 bar, while the working gas pressure at the low pressure connection 20 is approx. 7 bar.
  • the replacement of the displacement system consisting of the displacers 6 and 7, takes place as follows:
  • the compressor connections 19, 20 are detached from the refrigerator. They are designed in such a way that the interior of the refrigerator remains separated from the atmosphere after the connections have been released.
  • a protective gas source usually a He gas bottle, is connected to the low pressure connection 20 and the high pressure connection 19 is opened. This results in a flushing flow through the bores 24, 14, 13, through the chamber 22 and through the bore 23.
  • the protective gas is supplied with a slight excess pressure, for example about 1.2 bar.
  • the housing part 3 is then removed and the guide bush 10 is pulled out of the housing part 2. After the removal of these two parts, the protective gas flowing in through the bore 24 flows upward over the edge of the housing part 2.
  • the housing part 3 After inserting the new displacement system, which had previously been expediently flushed with helium, and the guide bushing 10, the housing part 3 is mounted while the inert gas flow is maintained. The refrigerator is then ready for use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP86110463A 1986-07-29 1986-07-29 Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Withdrawn EP0254759A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86110463A EP0254759A1 (fr) 1986-07-29 1986-07-29 Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
US07/079,110 US4761963A (en) 1986-07-29 1987-07-29 Method of exchanging the displacement element of a refrigerator and refrigerator for implementing the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86110463A EP0254759A1 (fr) 1986-07-29 1986-07-29 Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254759A1 true EP0254759A1 (fr) 1988-02-03

Family

ID=8195306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86110463A Withdrawn EP0254759A1 (fr) 1986-07-29 1986-07-29 Procédé d'échange d'un piston de déplacement dans une machine frigorifique et machine frigorifique pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4761963A (fr)
EP (1) EP0254759A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350290A2 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-10 The BOC Group plc Réfrigérateurs cryogéniques
EP0437661A1 (fr) * 1990-01-18 1991-07-24 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Sonde froide avec un réfrigérateur cryogénique du type Gifford-McMahon

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4906266A (en) * 1988-12-20 1990-03-06 Helix Technology Corporation Replacement method and apparatus for a cryogenic refrigeration unit
US4956974A (en) * 1988-12-20 1990-09-18 Helix Technology Corporation Replacement method and apparatus for a cryogenic refrigeration unit
US5235818A (en) * 1990-09-05 1993-08-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cryostat
US5398511A (en) * 1992-03-30 1995-03-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Regenerative refrigerator
US5291740A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-03-08 Schnurer Steven D Defrosting tool for cryostat cold head interface
DE4318406A1 (de) * 1993-06-03 1994-12-08 Leybold Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Refrigerators und für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeigneter Refrigerator
US5878580A (en) * 1993-06-03 1999-03-09 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method
DE4418724A1 (de) * 1994-05-28 1995-11-30 Leybold Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung sehr tiefer Temperaturen
DE19510620A1 (de) * 1995-03-23 1996-09-26 Leybold Ag Refrigerator
JP2877094B2 (ja) * 1996-09-13 1999-03-31 ダイキン工業株式会社 極低温冷凍機及びその制御方法
US6360554B1 (en) * 1998-10-28 2002-03-26 Interdynamics, Inc. Single can automotive air conditioner refill and treatment
DE10229311A1 (de) * 2002-06-29 2004-01-29 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Refrigerator mit Regenerator

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU29389A1 (fr) *
DE2153404A1 (de) * 1971-10-27 1973-05-03 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Vorrichtung zum ein- udn ausbau von maschinen in oder aus behaelter
GB1554724A (en) * 1976-10-08 1979-10-31 British Steel Corp Reducing the escape of a gaseous subtance from a gas main
DE3120233A1 (de) * 1981-05-21 1982-12-09 Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln Refrigerator
EP0119846A2 (fr) * 1983-03-21 1984-09-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Réfrigérateur à cycle détaché actionné pneumatiquement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU29389A1 (fr) *
DE2153404A1 (de) * 1971-10-27 1973-05-03 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Vorrichtung zum ein- udn ausbau von maschinen in oder aus behaelter
GB1554724A (en) * 1976-10-08 1979-10-31 British Steel Corp Reducing the escape of a gaseous subtance from a gas main
DE3120233A1 (de) * 1981-05-21 1982-12-09 Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln Refrigerator
EP0119846A2 (fr) * 1983-03-21 1984-09-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Réfrigérateur à cycle détaché actionné pneumatiquement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350290A2 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-10 The BOC Group plc Réfrigérateurs cryogéniques
EP0350290A3 (en) * 1988-07-07 1990-12-05 The Boc Group Plc Cryogenic refrigerators
EP0437661A1 (fr) * 1990-01-18 1991-07-24 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Sonde froide avec un réfrigérateur cryogénique du type Gifford-McMahon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4761963A (en) 1988-08-09

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Inventor name: KIESE, GERHARD, DR.