EP0241921B1 - Antenne mit hohem Wirkungsgrad - Google Patents

Antenne mit hohem Wirkungsgrad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0241921B1
EP0241921B1 EP19870105544 EP87105544A EP0241921B1 EP 0241921 B1 EP0241921 B1 EP 0241921B1 EP 19870105544 EP19870105544 EP 19870105544 EP 87105544 A EP87105544 A EP 87105544A EP 0241921 B1 EP0241921 B1 EP 0241921B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
radiating
antenna
coaxial cables
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870105544
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0241921A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Anglade
Serge Bichet
Ricardo Gutierrez
Régis Lenormand
Didier Rene
Daniel Venault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0241921A1 publication Critical patent/EP0241921A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/185—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high efficiency antenna.
  • the source commonly known as “Short Backfire” is known. It consists of a dipole or two dipoles (crossed if there are two) and a cylindrical reflector.
  • the performances of this type of antenna were studied by HW EHRENSPECK and are described in the article "A New Class of Medium - Size, High-efficiency Reflector Antennas” (IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation "of March 1974). document describes a type of reflector antenna allowing a greater directional gain than those obtained with conventional reflector antennas of the same area.
  • An antenna of this type comprises a cylindrical reflector and a feed system located in the center of this Such an antenna is analyzed as the combination of two radiating sources whose maximum radiation and mutual phase relationships can be adjusted simply to obtain greater directional gain in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the reflector. of directional gain is explained on the basis of a virtual extension of the radiation opening beyond the physical dimensions of the r Reflector.
  • the subject of the invention is a structure which makes it possible to take advantage of the advantageous phenomenon which appears for d ⁇ 0.75 ⁇ , while having a reflector diameter d ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ .
  • the invention provides a high-efficiency antenna comprising a reflector consisting of a bottom and walls of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape, inside which is disposed a device radiating in the direction perpendicular to it.
  • the radiating device comprising at least one wire wound helically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the reflector which is the axis of radiation of said device, each wire being short-circuited at the reflector by its end located on the side of the bottom of this reflector and being fed by its other end, characterized in that at least one coaxial cable situated inside the helix formed by the radiating wire (s) makes it possible to supply this (or ces) radiating wire (s), and in that the diameter (d) of the reflector (11) is less than 0.75 ⁇ ; ⁇ being the wavelength for which the antenna is built.
  • the subject of the invention is an antenna in which four coaxial cables are arranged inside a qudrifilar helix, the central cores of the first two coaxial cables, which are power cables, being connected by first circuits metallic to the central cores of the other two coaxial cables, a metal plate arranged at a certain distance from, this end making it possible to connect the central cores of these last two coaxial cables and the outer conductors of the four coaxial cables of such that the impedance present at the output of the two supply cables is 50 ⁇ , the external parts relative to the reflector of these four coaxial cables being connected to the four wires by the intermediary of four second metal circuits.
  • the invention relates to an antenna in which the first metal circuits are produced by metal layers arranged on either side of a first printed circuit, the second metal circuits being produced by metal layers arranged on a first face. a second print superimposed by its second face with one of the faces of the first printed circuit.
  • the present invention relates to a radiating element, consisting of a quadrifilar helix 10, placed in a reflector 11 having a bottom 8 and side walls 9 of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape.
  • the dimensions of the reflector 11 are optimized to obtain the superposition in phase, in the direction of the radiation axis ⁇ , of the components radiated by the propeller 10 on the one hand, and by the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other go.
  • the antenna according to the invention comprises four coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 which are in directions parallel to the axis of the radiation ⁇ .
  • the central cores 20 and 21 of the first two coaxial cables 13, 14, which are power cables, are connected by circuits 24 and 25 to the central cores 22 and 23 of the coaxial cables 15 and 16. These central cores 22 and 23 are short-circuited to the outer conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 by a metal plate 26 at a distance e such that the impedance presented at the output of the coaxial cables 13 and 14 is 50 ⁇ .
  • the quadrifilar propeller 10 consists of four radiating strands 27, 28, 29, 30 which are fed from the top; their base being short-circuited to the reflector 11, which allows it to be assimilated, at first analysis, to a curved dipole.
  • radiating strands 27, 28, 29 and 30 are connected to the external conductors of the coaxials 13, 14, 15, 16 by the circuits 31, 32, 33, 34. These radiating strands are short-circuited at the reflector 11 via 'a plate 17. Depending on the value of the diameter d of the reflector, the height h of the reflector is optimized.
  • the circuits 24, 25 which make it possible to connect the central cores 20 and 21 of the cables 13 and 14 to the cores 22 and 23 of the cables 15 and 16, are represented by metallic deposits made on either side another of a first printed circuit 35;
  • the circuits 31, 32, 33 and 34 which allow the external conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15 and 16 to be connected to the radiating strands 27, 28, 29, and 30 are metallic deposits made on a first face of a second printed circuit 36, the second face of which is superimposed on one of the faces of the first printed circuit 35.
  • Such an antenna is mainly used at frequencies below 4 GHz.
  • the antennas of the known art comprising a dipole located inside a cylindrical reflector whose directivity is given, in the antenna according to the invention it is possible to act, at a given frequency, on the diameter / height of the reflector.
  • the criterion of coherence of the radiation coming from the propeller 10 on the one hand, and from the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other hand correlates the reduction in diameter d, with an increase in the height h of the reflector 11, and therefore improves the direct insulation between elements.
  • the optimization criterion is to obtain maximum directivity in the axis of the radiation. But this criterion could be to obtain a maximum ellipticity rate on a blanket given, for example with a multidirectional antenna.
  • the radiating element 10 can also be a helix composed of one or more wires: monofilar, bifilar, etc. This helix can also be of conical shape.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Antenne mit hohem Wirkungsgrad, mit einem Reflektor (11) bestehend aus einem Boden (8) und zylindrischen Wänden (9) senkrecht zum Boden, wobei in dem Reflektor eine senkrecht zum Boden strahlende Vorrichtung (10) angeordnet ist, die mindestens einen zur Wendel gewickelten Draht (27) beiderseits der Symmetrieachse des Reflektors aufweist, welche die Strahlungsachse (△) der Vorrichtung bildet, wobei jeder Draht mit seinem an der Bodenseite des Reflektors (11) gelegenen Ende kurzgeschlossen und über sein anderes Ende gespeist wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein im Inneren der aus dem strahlenden Draht (oder den Drähten) bestehenden Wendel angeordnetes Koaxialkabel (13) die Speisung des Drahtes (oder der Drähte) ermöglicht und daß der Durchmesser (d) des Reflektors (11) kleiner als 0,75 λ ist, wobei λ die Wellenlänge ist, für die die Antenne gebaut ist.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Koaxialkabel parallel zur Strahlungsachse (△) verläuft.
  3. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die strahlende Vorrichtung (10) vier in Form einer vierdrahtigen Wendel gewickelte Drähte (27, 28, 29, 30) umfaßt.
  4. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vier koaxiale Kabel (13, 14, 15, 16) im Inneren einer vierdrahtigen Wendel (10) angeordnet sind, wobei die zentralen Leiter (20, 21) der beiden ersten als Speisekabel dienenden Koaxialkabel (13, 14) durch erste metallische Stromkreise (24, 25) an die zentralen Leiter (22, 23) der beiden anderen Koaxialkabel (15, 16) angeschlossen sind und eine in einem gewissen Abstand (e) von diesem Anschlußende angeordnete Metallplatte (26) die Verbindung der zentralen Leiter (22, 23) dieser beiden Koaxialkabel (15, 16) mit den Außenleitern der vier Koaxialkabel (13, 14, 15, 16) ermöglicht, derart, daß die am Ausgang der beiden Speisekabel (13, 14) auftretende Impedanz 50 Ω beträgt, und daß die relativ zum Reflektor äußeren Bestandteile der vier Koaxialkabel (13, 14, 15, 16) mit den vier Drähten (27, 28, 29, 30) durch vier zweite metallische Stromkreise (31, 32, 33, 34) miteinander verbunden sind.
  5. Antenne nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten metallischen Stromkreise (24, 25) durch Metallschichten gebildet sind, die zu beiden Seiten einer ersten gedruckten Schaltung (35) angeordnet sind, und daß die zweiten metallischen Stromkreise (31, 32, 33, 34) durch Metallschichten gebildet sind, die auf einer ersten Seite einer zweiten gedruckten Schaltung (36) angeordnet sind, welche mit ihrer zweiten Seite von einer der Seiten der ersten gedruckten Schaltung (35) überdeckt wird.
  6. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gewickelten Drähte (27, 28, 29, 30) einen konischen Wendel bilden.
EP19870105544 1986-04-15 1987-04-14 Antenne mit hohem Wirkungsgrad Expired - Lifetime EP0241921B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8605359 1986-04-15
FR8605359A FR2597267B1 (fr) 1986-04-15 1986-04-15 Antenne a haute efficacite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0241921A1 EP0241921A1 (de) 1987-10-21
EP0241921B1 true EP0241921B1 (de) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=9334237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870105544 Expired - Lifetime EP0241921B1 (de) 1986-04-15 1987-04-14 Antenne mit hohem Wirkungsgrad

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0241921B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3775812D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2028820T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2597267B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2586675B2 (ja) * 1990-02-27 1997-03-05 国際電信電話株式会社 ４線巻ヘリカルアンテナ
GB2246910B (en) * 1990-08-02 1994-12-14 Polytechnic Electronics Plc A radio frequency antenna
GB9417450D0 (en) 1994-08-25 1994-10-19 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
GB9601250D0 (en) * 1996-01-23 1996-03-27 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
WO1998002936A1 (en) * 1996-07-16 1998-01-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Modified helical antenna
GB9813002D0 (en) 1998-06-16 1998-08-12 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
GB9828768D0 (en) 1998-12-29 1999-02-17 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
GB9902765D0 (en) 1999-02-08 1999-03-31 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
GB9912441D0 (en) 1999-05-27 1999-07-28 Symmetricon Inc An antenna

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4494117A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dual sense, circularly polarized helical antenna
SE443691B (sv) * 1984-07-20 1986-03-03 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Sendar-mottagarsystem i en satellit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2028820T3 (es) 1992-07-16
DE3775812D1 (de) 1992-02-20
FR2597267B1 (fr) 1988-07-22
FR2597267A1 (fr) 1987-10-16
EP0241921A1 (de) 1987-10-21

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