EP0239195B1 - Liquid detergent compositions - Google Patents

Liquid detergent compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239195B1
EP0239195B1 EP19870300720 EP87300720A EP0239195B1 EP 0239195 B1 EP0239195 B1 EP 0239195B1 EP 19870300720 EP19870300720 EP 19870300720 EP 87300720 A EP87300720 A EP 87300720A EP 0239195 B1 EP0239195 B1 EP 0239195B1
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Prior art keywords
amount
composition according
composition
weight
silicate
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EP19870300720
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0239195A1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Henricus Maria Rek
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Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/08—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/526—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 are polyalkoxylated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to liquid detergent compositions and, particularly, to such compositions having a high alkalinity and comprising a high level of silicate.
  • Alkaline liquid detergent compositions are well known in the fabric- and dishwashing art. They require a high pH and high buffer capacity to deliver detergency, to saponify or neutralise acidic soils and emulsify oils.
  • silicates are attractive materials to provide buffer capacity and alkalinity since, in addition to these properties, they contribute to soil-deflocculation, anti-redeposition, water- softening, corrosion-inhibition and chemical stability of active chlorine.
  • aqueous liquid medium which is capable of suspending particulate or undissolved materials which may be present due to the necessary high levels of some of the functional components.
  • aqueous liquid media capable of providing the required suspending properties, it has proved difficult to formulate such compositions having a high alkalinity and comprising a high level of silicate which do not suffer from unacceptable rheological behaviour, in particular under non-ideal low-temperature conditions.
  • the large increase in viscosity which results from crystallisation of the silicate under non-ideal low-temperature conditions gives rise to a serious reduction in pumpability which, particularly in the industrial and semi-industrial applications of such liquids, is unacceptable.
  • the formulator of this type of composition is therefore forced either to reduce the level of the commonly used sodium metasilicate to well below 10% by weight, orto use silicates of higher solubility, such as the neutral or alkaline waterglasses, and accept the concomitant lower alkalinity and hence lower performance.
  • structured alkaline built liquid detergent compositions comprising high levels of the more alkaline silicates, such as sodium metasilicate.
  • the structured medium is based on a mixed ethylene/propylene oxide alcohol condensate and a cross-linked polyacrylate polymer.
  • these compositions have a good stability and rheology at a wide temperature range.
  • silicate crystal formation takes place owing to the presence of unintended nucleating sites such as corroded metal parts, debris and the like. Owing to such crystal formation, the viscosity of the liquid composition sharply increases and the pumpability of the composition is reduced to an unacceptable level.
  • the present invention provides an aqueous liquid alkaline structured detergent composition
  • a nonionic detergent surfactant a detergency builder, a dissolved sodium silicate, an alkaline agent and a structuring polymer agent
  • the amount of all dissolved sodium silicate material and the amount of all alkaline agent being such that the resultant amount of the alkali metal silicate is at least 10% by weight of the total composition and the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions expressed in terms of silicon dioxide is equal to or below 0.7:1, sufficient alkaline agent being present to provide the composition at an aqueous solution concentration of 1 % by weight with a pH value of at least 11.
  • compositions according to the invention provide aqueous liquid aqueous liquid structured detergent agents of high alkalinity and having high silicate levels. These are readily pourable and pumpable under non-ideal practical cold storage conditions and are easily formulated with conventional, readily available detergent ingredients.
  • the liquid detergent compositions of the invention comprise, as a first essential ingredient, a nonionic detergent surfactant, primary examples of which are the condensation products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide with alkylphenols, primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols, and fatty acid amides.
  • a nonionic detergent surfactant primary examples of which are the condensation products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide with alkylphenols, primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols, and fatty acid amides.
  • Primary straight-chain alcohols are preferred.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol or amide portion is from 7 to 24, preferably from 8 to 18 and most preferably from 12 to 15.
  • the average number of moles of alkylene oxide in the above nonionics varies from 1 to 30, mixtures of different nonionics including nonionics of a higher degree of alkoxylation also being suitable.
  • the alcohol or amide is condensed with from 4 to 15 moles of
  • the nonionic detergent surfactant is normally present in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the composition, the amount of 2 to 5% by weight being preferred for dishwashing applications, the amount of 5 to 15% by weight being preferred for fabric-washing applications.
  • nonionic detergent surfactant can be used as sole detergent surfactant as in general will be the case in dishwashing compositions where only minor amounts of e.g. anionic detergent surfactants are acceptable.
  • the nonionic detergent surfactant can also be used in combination with other detergent surfactants which may be of any conventional type.
  • suitable are the synthetic anionic detergent surfactants of the sulphate and sulphonate types, such as the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of the C 9 -C 20 alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, of the Cg-C 22 primary or secondary alkane sulphonic acids, of the C s -C 24 olefin sulphonic acids, of the sulphonated carboxylic acids, of the Cs-C22 alkyl sulphuric acids, and of the C 8 -C 24 alkyl polyyglycolethersulphuric acids containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • alkali metal or alkanolamine soaps of C 10 -C 24 fatty acids are also suitable.
  • cationic detergent surfactants such as the quaternary ammonium compounds, in particular the dialkyl dimethyl ammonium halogenides; and amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent surfactants, such as N-alkylamino acids, and sulphobetaines.
  • the total amount of detergent surfactant in the fabric-washing oriented applications varies from 5 to 40% by weight of the composition, from 5 to 25% by weight being the preferred range.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention are built compositions and preferably contain from 5% to 35%, in particular 10% to 30% and most preferably from 10% to 25% by weight of a detergency builder.
  • suitable detergency builders are the phosphate builders, such as sodium or potassium salts of triphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, polymetaphosphoric acid and mixtures thereof.
  • Further suitable builders include the alkyl phosphonate esters, the carbonate salts, the zeolites, and the organic builders, such as the alkali metal citrates and polycarboxylates, in particular the nitrilotriacetates, and mixtures thereof.
  • An essential feature of the present invention is the inclusion of a high level of silicate in fully dissolved form.
  • the selection of the silicate(s) should be such that in the final composition, the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions expressed in terms of silicon dioxide is equal to or below 0.7 : 1.
  • Suitable examples thereof are sodium disilicate, sodium trisilicate, and the alkaline and neutral waterglasses, and the mixtures thereof.
  • the neutral waterglasses i.e. Na 2 0 - (Si0 2 ) 3 . 3 - 3 . 5 , are preferred.
  • the liquid detergent compositions comprise at least 10% by weight of the sodium silicate to benefit fully from the advantages derived from the silicate component.
  • the sodium silicate is included in the range of from 10 to 25% by weight of the total composition, the range of from 15 to 22% being especially preferred.
  • any alkaline agent capable of providing a 1 % solution of the composition with a pH value of at least 11 and not introducing free sodium anions in an amount which would exceed the above-specified ratio is suitable.
  • potassium hydroxide is used.
  • the amount of alkaline agent is dictated by the required pH value and varies from 5 to 30% by weight of the total composition.
  • a combination of neutral waterglass and potassium hydroxide in an about equal weight ratio is used, or else with the potassium hydroxide in some excess.
  • the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations (introduced by whatever source) and the amount of silicate anions (as expressed in terms of silicon doxide) should be equal to or below 0.7 : 1, a weight ratio equal to or below 0.6 : 1, in particular 0.5 : 1, being preferred.
  • a preferred lower end to all of these ratio ranges is 0.1 : 1.
  • pH values of at least 11 at a 1 % product concentration has been found adequate, but pH values of at least 12 are preferred for dishwashing and heavy duty fabric-washing applications.
  • compositions are externally structured and for this purpose they contain a structuring or thickening polymeric agent compatible with and stable to the high alkalinity of the compositions.
  • a structuring or thickening polymeric agent compatible with and stable to the high alkalinity of the compositions.
  • Particularly suitable are the water-soluble polymers of acrylic acid, cross-linked with about 1 % of a polyallylether of sucrose having an average of about 5.8 allyl groups for each sucrose molecule, the polymer having a molecular weight in excess of 1,000,000.
  • Examples of such polymers are found in the Carbopol series, such as Carbopol 934, 940 and 941.
  • Carbopol is the Registered trademark of B F Goodrich Co Ltd, the manufactures of these polymers.
  • the preferred polymer is Carbopol 941.
  • they are included in the range of from 0.1 % to 1 % by weight.
  • Suitable viscosities of the compositions of the present invention range from 0.3 to 30 Pa.s, in particular from 0.4 to 1.5 Pa.s (measured at 20°C and 2 0 sec-1 ) .
  • the liquid detergent compositions may further contain any of the adjuvants conventionally used in this type of composition, e.g. sequestering agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate and diethy- lenetetraamine methylene phosphoric acid; soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as car- boxylethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the maleic anhydride/vinylmethylether copolymer; fluorescent agents; anti-oxidants; hydrotropes; conditioning agents; perfumes; germicides and colourants.
  • lather-depressors such as liquid polysiloxane or wax anti-foam compounds; alkaline stable enzymes; bleaches, such as e.g. sodium sulphide and potassium dichlorocyanurate, may be necessary to formulate a complete detergent composition suitable for use in machine washing operations.
  • the formulations according to Exemples 1 to 9 are physically stable at 37°C, 20°C and -5°C.
  • the formulations according to Examples 10 to 13 are physically stable at 37°C, 20°C and -5°C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Description

  • The present invention relates to liquid detergent compositions and, particularly, to such compositions having a high alkalinity and comprising a high level of silicate.
  • Alkaline liquid detergent compositions are well known in the fabric- and dishwashing art. They require a high pH and high buffer capacity to deliver detergency, to saponify or neutralise acidic soils and emulsify oils.
  • It is also well known that silicates are attractive materials to provide buffer capacity and alkalinity since, in addition to these properties, they contribute to soil-deflocculation, anti-redeposition, water- softening, corrosion-inhibition and chemical stability of active chlorine.
  • To formulate fully, a liquid detergent composition, it is often required to have an aqueous liquid medium which is capable of suspending particulate or undissolved materials which may be present due to the necessary high levels of some of the functional components. Although by internal or external structuring, it has been possible to formulate aqueous liquid media capable of providing the required suspending properties, it has proved difficult to formulate such compositions having a high alkalinity and comprising a high level of silicate which do not suffer from unacceptable rheological behaviour, in particular under non-ideal low-temperature conditions. The large increase in viscosity which results from crystallisation of the silicate under non-ideal low-temperature conditions, gives rise to a serious reduction in pumpability which, particularly in the industrial and semi-industrial applications of such liquids, is unacceptable.
  • To avoid the crystallisation problem, the formulator of this type of composition is therefore forced either to reduce the level of the commonly used sodium metasilicate to well below 10% by weight, orto use silicates of higher solubility, such as the neutral or alkaline waterglasses, and accept the concomitant lower alkalinity and hence lower performance.
  • In the United States Patent No. 4 556 504, structured alkaline built liquid detergent compositions are disclosed, comprising high levels of the more alkaline silicates, such as sodium metasilicate. The structured medium is based on a mixed ethylene/propylene oxide alcohol condensate and a cross-linked polyacrylate polymer. In general, these compositions have a good stability and rheology at a wide temperature range. However, it has been found that, under practical cold-storage conditions, silicate crystal formation takes place owing to the presence of unintended nucleating sites such as corroded metal parts, debris and the like. Owing to such crystal formation, the viscosity of the liquid composition sharply increases and the pumpability of the composition is reduced to an unacceptable level.
  • We have now found that the above disadvantages can be mitigated by limiting the weight ratio of the total amount of free sodium ions to the amount of silicate anions to below a,certain value and supplementing alkalinity by non-sodium alkali.
  • Accordingly, the present invention provides an aqueous liquid alkaline structured detergent composition comprising a nonionic detergent surfactant, a detergency builder, a dissolved sodium silicate, an alkaline agent and a structuring polymer agent, the amount of all dissolved sodium silicate material and the amount of all alkaline agent being such that the resultant amount of the alkali metal silicate is at least 10% by weight of the total composition and the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions expressed in terms of silicon dioxide is equal to or below 0.7:1, sufficient alkaline agent being present to provide the composition at an aqueous solution concentration of 1 % by weight with a pH value of at least 11.
  • The compositions according to the invention provide aqueous liquid aqueous liquid structured detergent agents of high alkalinity and having high silicate levels. These are readily pourable and pumpable under non-ideal practical cold storage conditions and are easily formulated with conventional, readily available detergent ingredients.
  • The liquid detergent compositions of the invention comprise, as a first essential ingredient, a nonionic detergent surfactant, primary examples of which are the condensation products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide with alkylphenols, primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols, and fatty acid amides. Primary straight-chain alcohols are preferred. In general, the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol or amide portion is from 7 to 24, preferably from 8 to 18 and most preferably from 12 to 15. The average number of moles of alkylene oxide in the above nonionics varies from 1 to 30, mixtures of different nonionics including nonionics of a higher degree of alkoxylation also being suitable. Preferably, the alcohol or amide is condensed with from 4 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide optionally in combination with propylene oxide, and most preferably they are condensed with 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • The nonionic detergent surfactant is normally present in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the composition, the amount of 2 to 5% by weight being preferred for dishwashing applications, the amount of 5 to 15% by weight being preferred for fabric-washing applications.
  • The nonionic detergent surfactant can be used as sole detergent surfactant as in general will be the case in dishwashing compositions where only minor amounts of e.g. anionic detergent surfactants are acceptable.
  • However, in particular, in fabric-washing compositions, the nonionic detergent surfactant can also be used in combination with other detergent surfactants which may be of any conventional type. Suitable are the synthetic anionic detergent surfactants of the sulphate and sulphonate types, such as the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of the C9-C20 alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, of the Cg-C22 primary or secondary alkane sulphonic acids, of the Cs-C24 olefin sulphonic acids, of the sulphonated carboxylic acids, of the Cs-C22 alkyl sulphuric acids, and of the C8-C24 alkyl polyyglycolethersulphuric acids containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide. Also suitable are alkali metal or alkanolamine soaps of C10-C24 fatty acids; cationic detergent surfactants, such as the quaternary ammonium compounds, in particular the dialkyl dimethyl ammonium halogenides; and amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent surfactants, such as N-alkylamino acids, and sulphobetaines. In view of cost, preference is given to mixtures of nonionic and anionic detergent surfactants.
  • The total amount of detergent surfactant in the fabric-washing oriented applications varies from 5 to 40% by weight of the composition, from 5 to 25% by weight being the preferred range.
  • The detergent compositions of the invention are built compositions and preferably contain from 5% to 35%, in particular 10% to 30% and most preferably from 10% to 25% by weight of a detergency builder. Typical examples of suitable detergency builders are the phosphate builders, such as sodium or potassium salts of triphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, polymetaphosphoric acid and mixtures thereof. Further suitable builders include the alkyl phosphonate esters, the carbonate salts, the zeolites, and the organic builders, such as the alkali metal citrates and polycarboxylates, in particular the nitrilotriacetates, and mixtures thereof.
  • An essential feature of the present invention is the inclusion of a high level of silicate in fully dissolved form. The selection of the silicate(s) should be such that in the final composition, the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions expressed in terms of silicon dioxide is equal to or below 0.7 : 1. Preferably, this is achieved by using a single sodium silicate which can be represented by the formula Na20 - (Si02)n, with n = > 1.1. Suitable examples thereof are sodium disilicate, sodium trisilicate, and the alkaline and neutral waterglasses, and the mixtures thereof. In particular, the neutral waterglasses, i.e. Na20 - (Si02)3.3-3.5, are preferred. The liquid detergent compositions comprise at least 10% by weight of the sodium silicate to benefit fully from the advantages derived from the silicate component.
  • Preferably, the sodium silicate is included in the range of from 10 to 25% by weight of the total composition, the range of from 15 to 22% being especially preferred.
  • In view of the relatively low alkalinity of the sodium silicates suitable for inclusion in the present compositions, it is necessary to supplement alkalinity to provide the composition at an aqueous solution concentration of 1 % by weight with a pH value of at least 11. A feature of the present invention is that such should occur while keeping the weight ration of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions (as expressed in terms of silicon dioxide) equal to or below 0.7 : 1. Accordingly, any alkaline agent capable of providing a 1 % solution of the composition with a pH value of at least 11 and not introducing free sodium anions in an amount which would exceed the above-specified ratio is suitable. Preferably, potassium hydroxide is used. The amount of alkaline agent is dictated by the required pH value and varies from 5 to 30% by weight of the total composition.
  • Preferably, a combination of neutral waterglass and potassium hydroxide in an about equal weight ratio is used, or else with the potassium hydroxide in some excess.
  • In the final composition, the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations (introduced by whatever source) and the amount of silicate anions (as expressed in terms of silicon doxide) should be equal to or below 0.7 : 1, a weight ratio equal to or below 0.6 : 1, in particular 0.5 : 1, being preferred. A preferred lower end to all of these ratio ranges is 0.1 : 1.
  • A pH value of at least 11 at a 1 % product concentration has been found adequate, but pH values of at least 12 are preferred for dishwashing and heavy duty fabric-washing applications.
  • The present compositions are externally structured and for this purpose they contain a structuring or thickening polymeric agent compatible with and stable to the high alkalinity of the compositions. Particularly suitable are the water-soluble polymers of acrylic acid, cross-linked with about 1 % of a polyallylether of sucrose having an average of about 5.8 allyl groups for each sucrose molecule, the polymer having a molecular weight in excess of 1,000,000. Examples of such polymers are found in the Carbopol series, such as Carbopol 934, 940 and 941. Carbopol is the Registered trademark of B F Goodrich Co Ltd, the manufactures of these polymers. The preferred polymer is Carbopol 941. Depending on the viscosity which is desired, they are included in the range of from 0.1 % to 1 % by weight. Preferably they are included in the range of from 0.2% to 0.8% by weight of the total composition.
  • Suitable viscosities of the compositions of the present invention range from 0.3 to 30 Pa.s, in particular from 0.4 to 1.5 Pa.s (measured at 20°C and 20 sec-1).
  • The liquid detergent compositions may further contain any of the adjuvants conventionally used in this type of composition, e.g. sequestering agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate and diethy- lenetetraamine methylene phosphoric acid; soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as car- boxylethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the maleic anhydride/vinylmethylether copolymer; fluorescent agents; anti-oxidants; hydrotropes; conditioning agents; perfumes; germicides and colourants. Further, the addition of lather-depressors such as liquid polysiloxane or wax anti-foam compounds; alkaline stable enzymes; bleaches, such as e.g. sodium sulphide and potassium dichlorocyanurate, may be necessary to formulate a complete detergent composition suitable for use in machine washing operations.
  • The invention will now be further illustrated in the following examples, all amounts being in percentages by weight unless otherwise specified.
    Figure imgb0001
  • The formulations according to Exemples 1 to 9 are physically stable at 37°C, 20°C and -5°C.
    Figure imgb0002
    The formulations according to Examples 10 to 13 are physically stable at 37°C, 20°C and -5°C.

Claims (12)

1. An aqueous liquid alkaline structured detergent composition comprising a nonionic detergent surfactant, a detergency builder, a dissolved sodium silicate, an alkaline agent and a structuring polymer agent, the amount of all dissolved sodium silicate material and the amount of all alkaline agent being such that the resultant amount of the alkali metal silicate is at least 10% by weight of the total composition, sufficient alkaline agent being present to provide the composition at an aqueous solution concentration of 1 % by weight with pH value of at least 11, characterized in that the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions expressed in terms of silicon dioxide is equal to or below 0.7 : 1.
2. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the nonionic detergent surfactant is selected from the condensation products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide with alkylphenols, primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols, and fatty acid amides.
3. A composition according to either preceding claim, characterized in that the nonionic detergent surfactant is present in an amount of at least 2% by weight.
4. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the detergency builder is present in an amount of from 5 to 35% by weight.
5. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the composition contains a single sodium silicate which can be represented by the formula Na20 - (Si02)n where n > 1.1.
6. A composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the dissolved sodium silicate is selected from sodium disilicate, sodium trisilicate, and the alkaline and neutral waterglasses, and the mixtures thereof.
7. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the sodium silicate is present in the range of from 10 to 25 by weight of the total composition.
8. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises from 5 to 30% by weight of potassium hydroxide.
9. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a composition of neutral waterglass and potassium hydroxide in about equal weight ratio.
10. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the weight ratio of the amount of free sodium cations to the amount of silicate anions is equal to or below 0.6 : 1.
11. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the pH of the composition is at least 12.
12. A composition according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it has a viscosity in the range of from 0.3 to 30 Pa.s.
EP19870300720 1986-01-30 1987-01-28 Liquid detergent compositions Expired EP0239195B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8602327 1986-01-30
GB868602327A GB8602327D0 (en) 1986-01-30 1986-01-30 Liquid detergent compositions

Publications (2)

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EP0239195A1 EP0239195A1 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0239195B1 true EP0239195B1 (en) 1989-07-26

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5064553A (en) * 1989-05-18 1991-11-12 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Linear-viscoelastic aqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent composition
WO1991005845A1 (en) * 1989-10-12 1991-05-02 Unilever N.V. Liquid detergents
AU646018B2 (en) * 1990-02-08 1994-02-03 Unilever Plc Liquid bleach composition
US5536437A (en) * 1992-08-19 1996-07-16 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Hard surface cleaning composition formed from a structured silicate

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE2149251C3 (en) * 1971-10-02 1980-03-27 Henkel Kgaa, 4000 Duesseldorf Dishwashing liquid
DE2435479A1 (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-12 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Cleansing compsns for use in dish-washing machines - contg. water-soluble alkali metal silicate and water-soluble alkali metal polyacrylate
GB8308263D0 (en) * 1983-03-25 1983-05-05 Unilever Plc Aqueous liquid detergent composition

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