EP0236565B1 - Actuating tool - Google Patents

Actuating tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0236565B1
EP0236565B1 EP19860116934 EP86116934A EP0236565B1 EP 0236565 B1 EP0236565 B1 EP 0236565B1 EP 19860116934 EP19860116934 EP 19860116934 EP 86116934 A EP86116934 A EP 86116934A EP 0236565 B1 EP0236565 B1 EP 0236565B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
actuating tool
ratchet wheel
reversing
reversing lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860116934
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0236565A1 (en
Inventor
Udo Fierus
Gerd Fierus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0236565A1 publication Critical patent/EP0236565A1/en
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Publication of EP0236565B1 publication Critical patent/EP0236565B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/463—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an actuating tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • actuating tools of this type which are also referred to as ratchet wrenches or reversible ratchets, are known (see, for example, US-A 1 513 212). These known designs not only have a relatively complex construction, but also require expensive manufacture and assembly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an operating tool of the type described above, which can be manufactured more cheaply with a simple construction.
  • an actuating tool is created, the locking piece of which is pivoted in a simple manner by means of a rod-shaped spring between its two end positions, the rod-shaped spring at the same time ensuring the secure engagement of the locking piece in the toothing of the ratchet wheel when the latter opposes the desired actuation direction of the Tool is rotated to carry out an idle stroke.
  • the rod-shaped spring of the design according to the invention thus performs two functions.
  • it is arranged in a particularly simple manner in a switching lever which is pivoted in one of its two end positions by means of a switching slide in order to pivot the locking piece.
  • the switch slide has a guide pin which engages in a guide slot of the switch lever, which in turn can be pivoted about the pin in the tool housing.
  • the guide slot extends obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the switch lever.
  • the guide slot is provided with a resilient constriction for the guide pin of the changeover slide.
  • the switch lever is made of plastic and the guide slot is formed on both sides with extensions to increase the elasticity.
  • the rod-shaped spring is expediently designed as a leaf spring made of steel, which is inserted at one end into a slot in the switching lever and engages with the other end in a recess in the locking piece. This results in a high level of functional reliability and a long service life.
  • the spring is formed from two leaf springs, each of which engages on one side of an extension formed on the locking piece. This avoids play during the switching process and ensures constant spring loading of the locking piece.
  • the tool housing is formed from a plastic middle part with attached grip shells and two metal plates, which have bearing points for the ratchet wheel and for the locking piece and cover the cavity of the plastic middle part which serves to accommodate the switching lever and the spring.
  • This design also results in a reduction in the manufacturing and assembly costs without impairing the functional reliability and durability of the actuating tool.
  • the tool housing comprises a middle part 1 made of plastic, to which two handle shells 2 are attached at the handle-side end, as shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • These grips 2 are preferably made of plastic and fastened with the aid of two screws 3.
  • a ratchet wheel 4 is arranged in the middle part 1, which in the illustrated embodiment is provided with a square 4a as a coupling profile for the tool to be used.
  • the ratchet wheel 4 is provided with teeth 4b on its circumference.
  • the ratchet wheel 4 has a cylindrical bearing surface 4c on both sides of the toothing 4b, viewed in the axial direction.
  • the ratchet wheel 4 is supported with the help of the bearing surfaces 4c in two metal plates 5, which are inserted in corresponding recesses from the central part 1 and are formed with corresponding bearing bores for the bearing surfaces 4c of the ratchet wheel 4.
  • These metal plates 5 extend into the grip area of the actuating tool and are covered here by the grip shells 2.
  • a locking piece 6 interacts with the toothing 4b of the ratchet wheel 4 and is provided on both sides with bearing pins 6a, which likewise engage in corresponding bearing bores in the metal plates 5, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the locking piece 6 is pivotally mounted between two end positions and engages in each of the two end positions with a tooth 6b in the toothing 4b of the ratchet wheel 4.
  • the ratchet wheel 4 is locked in one direction of rotation, whereas it can be turned in the other direction of rotation, the tooth 6b of the locking piece 6 being pushed back out of the toothing.
  • the locking piece 6 is under the force of a spring 7, which is rod-shaped and, in the exemplary embodiment, is formed by a leaf spring.
  • This spring 7 projects with its free end into a recess 6c of the locking piece 6, whereas it is fastened with its other end in a changeover lever 8.
  • This switch lever 8 is also pivotally mounted between two end positions on a pin 9 which is formed on the central part 1 in the embodiment.
  • the pin 9 can also consist of metal and be inserted into the central part 1.
  • the spring 7 is inserted in the arm of the switch lever 8 facing the locking piece 6, a guide slot 10 is formed in the other arm of the switch lever 8, into which a guide pin 11 a of a switch slide 11 projects.
  • This switch slide 11 is provided with an elongated guide web 11b, with the aid of which the switch slide 11 is guided in an elongated hole 5a of the upper metal plate 5 only in the axial direction.
  • the guide pin 11 a located in the handle-side end position causes the switching lever 8 to pivot into the end position shown in FIG.
  • the corresponding position of the switch slide 11 is shown in solid lines in Fig.4. If the switch slide 11 is shifted into the position shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 4 in the direction of the ratchet wheel 4, the guide pin 11a passes through part of the guide slot 10. Because of its oblique course relative to the longitudinal direction of the switch lever 8, the switch lever 8 enters the in Fig. 4 dash-dotted end position, whereby the locking piece 6 is pivoted into its other end position via the spring 7.
  • the latter is provided with a constriction 10a and the switchover lever 8 is designed to be resilient at least in this area.
  • This resilient configuration is achieved in the exemplary embodiment in that the guide slot 10 is provided with extensions 10b which increase the elasticity.
  • the blocking piece 6 prevents a rotation of the ratchet wheel 4 in the clockwise direction.
  • the ratchet wheel can be rotated counterclockwise, the tooth 6b of the locking piece 6 being moved out of the toothing 4b during this rotational movement;
  • the spring 7 loading the locking piece 6 ensures that the tooth 6b always reliably engages in the next tooth gap of the toothing 4b.
  • the changeover slide 11 is shifted from the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 4 to the position shown in broken lines.
  • the guide pin 11a passes through the guide slot 10b in the direction of the ratchet wheel 4.
  • the switch lever 8 is resiliently widened has been pivoted clockwise into its other end position on the pin 9.
  • the spring 7 engaging in the recess 6c of the locking piece 6 has also pivoted the locking piece 6 into its other end position. In this end position, the tooth 6b of the blocking piece 6, which can be seen on the left in FIG.
  • the actuating tool described above and shown in the drawing consists of structurally simple and therefore inexpensive to produce components which are also easy to assemble.
  • the ratchet wheel 4 and the locking piece 6 are simply inserted into corresponding recesses in the central part 1.
  • the switch lever 8 provided with the spring 7 is placed on the pin 9 of the central part 1.
  • the metal plates 5 are inserted into the corresponding recesses in the middle part 1, the guide pin 11 a of the change-over slide 11 fixed to the upper metal plate 5 by means of a locking washer 11 c engaging in the guide slot 10 of the change-over lever 8.
  • the handle scales 2 are now attached and fastened by means of the screws 3.
  • the assembly is complete.
  • the operating tool is ready for use.
  • a spring which consists of two leaf springs 7a. Both leaf springs 7a are inserted into the slot of the switch lever 8. In each case, a leaf spring 7a engages laterally on a shoulder 6d, which is formed on the locking piece 6. As a result, play is avoided during the switching process and constant spring loading of the locking piece 6 is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Betätigungswerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an actuating tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Betätigungswerkzeuge, die auch als Ratschenschlüssel oder Umschaltknarren bezeichnet werden, sind in verschiedenen Ausführungen bekannt (siehe z.B. US-A 1 513 212). Diese bekannten Ausführungen besitzen nicht nur eine verhältnismäßig aufwendige Konstruktion, sondern erfordern darüber hinaus eine teure Fertigung und Montage.Various types of actuating tools of this type, which are also referred to as ratchet wrenches or reversible ratchets, are known (see, for example, US-A 1 513 212). These known designs not only have a relatively complex construction, but also require expensive manufacture and assembly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabenstellung zugrunde, ein Betätigungswerkzeug der voranstehend beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, das bei einfacher Konstruktion preisgünstiger hergestellt werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide an operating tool of the type described above, which can be manufactured more cheaply with a simple construction.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung erfolgt durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale.This problem is solved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung wird ein Betätigungswerkzeug geschaffen, dessen Sperrstück auf einfache Weise mittels einer stabförmigen Feder zwischen seinen beiden Endstellungen verschwenkt wird, wobei die stabförmige Feder zugleich für den sicheren Eingriff des Sperrstückes in die Verzahnung des Knarrades sorgt, wenn dieses entgegen der gewünschten Betätigungsrichtung des Werkzeuges zur Durchführung eines Leerhubes verdreht wird. Die stabförmige Feder der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung übernimmt somit zwei Funktionen. Außerdem ist sie auf besonders einfache Weise in einem Umschalthebel angeordnet, der zur Verschwenkung des Sperrstückes in eine seiner beiden Endstellungen mittels eines Umschaltschiebers verschwenkt wird. Zu diesem Zweck besitzt der Umschaltschieber einen Führungsstift, der in einen Führungsschlitz des Umschalthebels eingreift, der seinerseits um den Zapfen im Werkzeuggehäuse verschwenkbar ist. Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung verläuft der Führungsschlitz schräg zur Längsrichtung des Umschalthebels.With the design according to the invention, an actuating tool is created, the locking piece of which is pivoted in a simple manner by means of a rod-shaped spring between its two end positions, the rod-shaped spring at the same time ensuring the secure engagement of the locking piece in the toothing of the ratchet wheel when the latter opposes the desired actuation direction of the Tool is rotated to carry out an idle stroke. The rod-shaped spring of the design according to the invention thus performs two functions. In addition, it is arranged in a particularly simple manner in a switching lever which is pivoted in one of its two end positions by means of a switching slide in order to pivot the locking piece. For this purpose, the switch slide has a guide pin which engages in a guide slot of the switch lever, which in turn can be pivoted about the pin in the tool housing. According to a further feature of the invention, the guide slot extends obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the switch lever.

Insgesamt ergibt sich eine besonders einfache Konstruktion, die nicht nur preiswert hergestellt werden, sondern auch auf einfache Weise montiert werden kann.Overall, there is a particularly simple construction that is not only inexpensive to manufacture, but can also be assembled in a simple manner.

Gemäß einem Merkmal einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Führungsschlitz mit einer federnden Verengung für den Führungsstift des Umschaltschiebers versehen. Hierdurch gelangt der Umschalthebel unter Vermeidung der Mittellage stets in eine der beiden Endstellungen, wobei eine Federwirkung allein durch die Ausbildung des Umschalthebels erzeugt wird.According to a feature of an embodiment of the invention, the guide slot is provided with a resilient constriction for the guide pin of the changeover slide. As a result, the switch lever always moves into one of the two end positions, avoiding the central position, a spring effect being generated solely by the design of the switch lever.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der Umschalthebel aus Kunststoff hergestellt und der Führungsschlitz beidseitig mit Verlängerungen zur Erhöhung der Elastizität ausgebildet.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the switch lever is made of plastic and the guide slot is formed on both sides with extensions to increase the elasticity.

Die stabförmige Feder wird zweckmäßigerweise als Blattfeder aus Stahl ausgebildet, die mit einem Ende in einen Schlitz des Umschalthebels eingesetzt ist und mit dem anderen Ende in eine Aussparung des Sperrstückes eingreift. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine hohe Funktionssicherheit und lange Lebensdauer.The rod-shaped spring is expediently designed as a leaf spring made of steel, which is inserted at one end into a slot in the switching lever and engages with the other end in a recess in the locking piece. This results in a high level of functional reliability and a long service life.

Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Feder aus zwei Blattfedern gebildet, die jeweils an einer Seite eines am Sperrstück ausgebildeten Ansatzes angreifen. Hierdurch wird Spiel beim Umschaltvorgang vermieden und eine ständige Federbelastung des Sperrstückes sichergestellt.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the spring is formed from two leaf springs, each of which engages on one side of an extension formed on the locking piece. This avoids play during the switching process and ensures constant spring loading of the locking piece.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungswerkzeuges ist das Werkzeuggehäuse aus einem Kunststoffmittelteil mit angesetzten Griffschalen und zwei Metallplatten gebildet, die Lagerstellen für das Knarrad und für das Sperrstück aufweisen und den der Aufnahme des Umschalthebels und der Feder dienenden Hohlraum des Kunststoffmittelteils abdecken. Auch mit dieser Ausführung ergibt sich eine Verringerung der Herstell- und Montagekosten, ohne die Funktionssicherheit und Haltbarkeit des Betätigungswerkzeuges zu beeinträchtigen. Es wird schließlich vorgeschlagen, eine der Metallplatten mit einem Langloch zur axialen Führung des mit einem länglichen Führungssteg versehenen Umschaltschiebers zu versehen. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich nicht nur eine einfache Führung des Umschaltschiebers am Werkzeuggehäuse, sondern eine Sicherung des Umschaltschiebers gegen unerwünschtes Verdrehen.In a preferred embodiment of the actuating tool according to the invention, the tool housing is formed from a plastic middle part with attached grip shells and two metal plates, which have bearing points for the ratchet wheel and for the locking piece and cover the cavity of the plastic middle part which serves to accommodate the switching lever and the spring. This design also results in a reduction in the manufacturing and assembly costs without impairing the functional reliability and durability of the actuating tool. Finally, it is proposed to provide one of the metal plates with an elongated hole for axially guiding the changeover slide provided with an elongated guide web. In this way, it is not only easy to guide the changeover slide on the tool housing, but also to secure the changeover slide against undesired rotation.

Auf der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsbeispiele des er findungsgemäßen Betätigungswerkzeuges dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf das Betätigungswerkzeug, wobei die obere Metallplatte abgenommen worden ist,
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch das Betätigungswerkzeug nach Anspruch 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Schnittlinie 111-111 in Fig.1,
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf einen den Umschaltschieber tragenden Teil des Werkzeuges und
  • Fig. 5 eine dem oberen Teil der Fig.1 entsprechende Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform.
In the drawing, two embodiments of the actuating tool according to the invention are shown, namely:
  • 1 is a plan view of the operating tool, the upper metal plate has been removed,
  • 2 shows a longitudinal section through the actuating tool according to claim 1,
  • 3 shows a cross section along the section line 111-111 in FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of a part of the tool carrying the switching slide and
  • 5 shows a top view of a second embodiment corresponding to the upper part of FIG. 1.

Bei den auf der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen des Betätigungswerkzeuges umfaßt das Werkzeuggehäuse ein aus Kunststoff hergestelltes Mittelteil 1, an das am griffseitigen Ende zwei Griffschalen 2 angesetzt sind, wie insbesondere die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen. Auch diese Griffschalen 2 werden vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff hergestellt und mit Hilfe zweier Schrauben 3 befestigt.In the exemplary embodiments of the actuating tool shown in the drawing, the tool housing comprises a middle part 1 made of plastic, to which two handle shells 2 are attached at the handle-side end, as shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3. These grips 2 are preferably made of plastic and fastened with the aid of two screws 3.

Am gegenüberliegenden Ende ist ein Knarrad 4 im Mittelteil 1 angeordnet, das beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Kupplungsprofil für das anzusetzende Werkzeug mit einem Vierkant 4a versehen ist. Auf seinem Umfang ist das Knarrad 4 mit einer Verzahnung 4b versehen. Außerdem weist das Knarrad 4 in axialer Richtung gesehen zu beiden Seiten der Verzahnung 4b jeweils eine zylindrische Lagerfläche 4c auf.At the opposite end a ratchet wheel 4 is arranged in the middle part 1, which in the illustrated embodiment is provided with a square 4a as a coupling profile for the tool to be used. The ratchet wheel 4 is provided with teeth 4b on its circumference. In addition, the ratchet wheel 4 has a cylindrical bearing surface 4c on both sides of the toothing 4b, viewed in the axial direction.

Wie insbesondere aus dem Längsschnitt in Fig.2 hervorgeht, erfolgt die Lagerung des Knarrades 4 mit Hilfe der Lagerflächen 4c in zwei Metallplatten 5, die in entsprechende Aus nehmungen des Mittelteils 1 eingelegt sind und mit entsprechenden Lagerbohrungen für die Lagerflächen 4c des Knarrades 4 ausgebildet sind. Diese Metallplatten 5 erstrecken sich bis in den Griffbereich des Betätigungswerkzeuges und werden hier von den Griffschalen 2 abgedeckt.As can be seen in particular from the longitudinal section in FIG. 2, the ratchet wheel 4 is supported with the help of the bearing surfaces 4c in two metal plates 5, which are inserted in corresponding recesses from the central part 1 and are formed with corresponding bearing bores for the bearing surfaces 4c of the ratchet wheel 4. These metal plates 5 extend into the grip area of the actuating tool and are covered here by the grip shells 2.

Mit der Verzahnung 4b des Knarrades 4 wirkt ein Sperrstück 6 zusammen, das beidseitig mit Lagerzapfen 6a versehen ist, die ebenfalls in entsprechende Lagerbohrungen der Metallplatten 5 eingreifen, wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht. Das Sperrstück 6 ist auf diese Weise zwischen zwei Endstellungen verschwenkbar gelagert und greift in jeder der beiden Endstellungen jeweils mit einem Zahn 6b in der Verzahnung 4b des Knarrades 4 ein. Hierdurch wird das Knarrad 4 in der einen Drehrichtung gesperrt, wogegen es in der anderen Drehrichtung gedreht werden kann, wobei der Zahn 6b des Sperrstückes 6 jeweils aus der Verzahnung zurückgedrückt wird.A locking piece 6 interacts with the toothing 4b of the ratchet wheel 4 and is provided on both sides with bearing pins 6a, which likewise engage in corresponding bearing bores in the metal plates 5, as can be seen in FIG. 2. In this way, the locking piece 6 is pivotally mounted between two end positions and engages in each of the two end positions with a tooth 6b in the toothing 4b of the ratchet wheel 4. As a result, the ratchet wheel 4 is locked in one direction of rotation, whereas it can be turned in the other direction of rotation, the tooth 6b of the locking piece 6 being pushed back out of the toothing.

In jeder der beiden Endstellungen steht das Sperrstück 6 unter der Kraft einer Feder 7, die stabförmig ausgebildet und beim Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine Blattfeder gebildet wird. Diese Feder 7 ragt mit ihrem freien Ende in eine Aussparung 6c des Sperrstückes 6 hinein, wogegen sie mit ihrem anderen Ende in einem Umschalthebel 8 befestigt ist.In each of the two end positions, the locking piece 6 is under the force of a spring 7, which is rod-shaped and, in the exemplary embodiment, is formed by a leaf spring. This spring 7 projects with its free end into a recess 6c of the locking piece 6, whereas it is fastened with its other end in a changeover lever 8.

Dieser Umschalthebel 8 ist ebenfalls zwischen zwei Endstellungen verschwenkbar auf einem Zapfen 9 gelagert, der beim Ausführungsbeispiel am Mittelteil 1 angeformt ist. Der Zapfen 9 kann auch aus Metall bestehen und in das Mittelteil 1 eingesetzt sein. Während in dem dem Sperrstück 6 zugewandten Arm des Umschalthebels 8 die Feder 7 eingesetzt ist, ist im anderen Arm des Umschalthebels 8 ein Führungsschlitz 10 ausgebildet, in den ein Führungsstift 11 a eines Umschaltschiebers 11 hineinragt. Dieser Umschaltschieber 11 ist mit einem länglichen Führungssteg 11b versehen, mit dessen Hilfe der Umschaltschieber 11 ausschließlich in axialer Richtung verschiebbar in einem Langloch 5a der oberen Metallplatte 5 geführt ist.This switch lever 8 is also pivotally mounted between two end positions on a pin 9 which is formed on the central part 1 in the embodiment. The pin 9 can also consist of metal and be inserted into the central part 1. While the spring 7 is inserted in the arm of the switch lever 8 facing the locking piece 6, a guide slot 10 is formed in the other arm of the switch lever 8, into which a guide pin 11 a of a switch slide 11 projects. This switch slide 11 is provided with an elongated guide web 11b, with the aid of which the switch slide 11 is guided in an elongated hole 5a of the upper metal plate 5 only in the axial direction.

Wie Fig.1 erkennen läßt, bewirkt der in der griffseitigen Endstellung befindliche Führungsstift 11 a eine Verschwenkung des Umschalthebels 8 in die in Fig.1 dargestellte Endstellung. Die entsprechende Stellung des Umschaltschiebers 11 ist mit ausgezogenen Linien in Fig.4 dargestellt. Wird der Umschaltschieber 11 in die in Fig.4 strichpunktiert dargestellte Lage in Richtung auf das Knarrad 4 verschoben, durchläuft der Führungsstift 11 a einen Teil des Führungsschlitzes 10. Durch dessen schrägen Verlauf relativ zur Längsrichtung des Umschalthebels 8 gelangt hierbei der Umschalthebel 8 in die in Fig.4 strichpunktiert gezeichnete Endstellung, wodurch über die Feder 7 das Sperrstück 6 in seine andere Endstellung verschwenkt wird.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the guide pin 11 a located in the handle-side end position causes the switching lever 8 to pivot into the end position shown in FIG. The corresponding position of the switch slide 11 is shown in solid lines in Fig.4. If the switch slide 11 is shifted into the position shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 4 in the direction of the ratchet wheel 4, the guide pin 11a passes through part of the guide slot 10. Because of its oblique course relative to the longitudinal direction of the switch lever 8, the switch lever 8 enters the in Fig. 4 dash-dotted end position, whereby the locking piece 6 is pivoted into its other end position via the spring 7.

Um eine mittlere Stellung des Führungsstiftes 11 a im Führungsschlitz 10 zu vermeiden, ist dieser mit einer Verengung 10a versehen und der Umschalthebei 8 zumindest in diesem Bereich federnd ausgeführt. Diese federnde Ausgestaltung wird beim Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch erreicht, daß der Führungsschlitz 10 mit Verlängerungen 10b versehen ist, die die Elastizität erhöhen.In order to avoid a middle position of the guide pin 11a in the guide slot 10, the latter is provided with a constriction 10a and the switchover lever 8 is designed to be resilient at least in this area. This resilient configuration is achieved in the exemplary embodiment in that the guide slot 10 is provided with extensions 10b which increase the elasticity.

In der in Fig.1 dargestellten Lage des Umschalthebels 8 wird durch das Sperrstück 6 eine Drehbewegung des Knarrades 4 im Uhrzeigersinn verhindert. Im Gegenuhrzeigersinn kann das Knarrad gedreht werden, wobei während dieser Drehbewegung der Zahn 6b des Sperrstückes 6 jeweils aus der Verzahnung 4b herausbewegt wird; die das Sperrstück 6 belastende Feder 7 sorgt jedoch dafür, daß der Zahn 6b stets zuverlässig in die nächste Zahnlücke der Verzahnung 4b eingreift.In the position of the switch lever 8 shown in FIG. 1, the blocking piece 6 prevents a rotation of the ratchet wheel 4 in the clockwise direction. The ratchet wheel can be rotated counterclockwise, the tooth 6b of the locking piece 6 being moved out of the toothing 4b during this rotational movement; However, the spring 7 loading the locking piece 6 ensures that the tooth 6b always reliably engages in the next tooth gap of the toothing 4b.

Soll die Betätigungsrichtung des Werkzeuges umgekehrt werden, wird der Umschaltschieber 11 aus der in Fig.4 mit ausgezogenen Linien dargestellten Stellung in die mit strichpunktierten Linien dargestellte Stellung verschoben. Hierbei durchläuft der Führungsstift 11a den Führungsschlitz 10b in Richtung auf das Knarrad 4. Beim Passieren der Verengung 10a des Führungsschlitzes 10 erfolgt eine federnde Aufweitung des Umschalthebels 8. Sobald der Führungsstift 11 a seine obere Endstellung im Führungsschlitz 10 erreicht hat, ist der Umschalthebei 8 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in seine andere Endstellung auf dem Zapfen 9 verschwenkt worden. Hierbei hat die in die Aussparung 6c des Sperrstückes 6 eingreifende Feder 7 das Sperrstück 6 ebenfalls in seine andere Endstellung verschwenkt. In dieser Endstellung sperrt der in Fig.1 links zu erkennende Zahn 6b des Sperrstückes 6 eine Drehung des Knarrades 4 entgegen der Uhrzeigerrichtung, wogegen eine Drehbewegung in Uhrzeigerrichtung unter Überwindung der von der Feder 7 auf das Sperrstück 6 ausgeübten Federkraft möglich ist.If the operating direction of the tool is to be reversed, the changeover slide 11 is shifted from the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 4 to the position shown in broken lines. Here, the guide pin 11a passes through the guide slot 10b in the direction of the ratchet wheel 4. When passing through the constriction 10a of the guide slot 10, the switch lever 8 is resiliently widened has been pivoted clockwise into its other end position on the pin 9. Here, the spring 7 engaging in the recess 6c of the locking piece 6 has also pivoted the locking piece 6 into its other end position. In this end position, the tooth 6b of the blocking piece 6, which can be seen on the left in FIG.

Das voranstehend beschriebene und in der Zeichnung dargestellte Betätigungswerkzeug besteht aus konstruktiv einfachen und damit preiswert herstellbaren Bauteilen, die zudem leicht zu montieren sind. Das Knarrad 4 und das Sperrstück 6 werden auf einfache Weise in entsprechende Ausnehmungen des Mittelteils 1 eingelegt. Anschließend wird der mit der Feder 7 versehene Umschalthebel 8 auf den Zapfen 9 des Mittelteils 1 aufgesetzt. Danach werden die Metallplatten 5 in die entsprechenden Aussparungen des Mittelteils 1 eingelegt, wobei gleichzeitig der Führungsstift 11 a des mittels einer Sicherungsscheibe 11 c an der oberen Metallplatte 5 befestigten Umschaltschiebers 11 in den Führungsschlitz 10 des Umschalthebels 8 eingreift. Nunmehr werden die Griffschalen 2 angesetzt und mittels der Schrauben 3 befestigt. Die Montage ist abgeschlossen. Das Betätigungswerkzeug ist gebrauchsfertig.The actuating tool described above and shown in the drawing consists of structurally simple and therefore inexpensive to produce components which are also easy to assemble. The ratchet wheel 4 and the locking piece 6 are simply inserted into corresponding recesses in the central part 1. Then the switch lever 8 provided with the spring 7 is placed on the pin 9 of the central part 1. Thereafter, the metal plates 5 are inserted into the corresponding recesses in the middle part 1, the guide pin 11 a of the change-over slide 11 fixed to the upper metal plate 5 by means of a locking washer 11 c engaging in the guide slot 10 of the change-over lever 8. The handle scales 2 are now attached and fastened by means of the screws 3. The assembly is complete. The operating tool is ready for use.

Beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.5 wird eine Feder verwendet, die aus zwei Blattfedern 7a besteht. Beide Blattfedern 7a sind in den Schlitz des Umschalthebels 8 eingesteckt. Jeweils eine Blattfeder 7a greift seitlich an einem Ansatz 6d an, der am Sperrstück 6 ausgebildet ist. Hierdurch wird Spiel beim Umschaltvorgang vermieden und eine ständige Federbelastung des Sperrstückes 6 erzielt.In the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, a spring is used which consists of two leaf springs 7a. Both leaf springs 7a are inserted into the slot of the switch lever 8. In each case, a leaf spring 7a engages laterally on a shoulder 6d, which is formed on the locking piece 6. As a result, play is avoided during the switching process and constant spring loading of the locking piece 6 is achieved.

Bezugsziffernliste:

  • 1 Mittelteil
  • 2 Griffschale
  • 3 Schraube
  • 4 Knarrad
  • 4a Vierkant
  • 4b Verzahnung
  • 4c Lagerfläche
  • 5 Metallplatte
  • 5a Langloch
  • 6 Sperrstück
  • 6a Lagerzapfen
  • 6b Zahn
  • 6c Aussparung
  • 6d Ansatz
  • 7 Feder
  • 7a Blattfeder
  • 8 Umschalthebel
  • 9 Zapfen
  • 10 Führungsschlitz
  • 10a Verengung
  • 10b Verlängerung
  • 11 Umschaltschieber
  • 11 a Führungsstift
  • 11 b Führungssteg
  • 1 lc Sicherungsscheibe
List of reference numbers:
  • 1 middle section
  • 2 grip shell
  • 3 screw
  • 4 ratchet wheel
  • 4a square
  • 4b gearing
  • 4c storage area
  • 5 metal plate
  • 5a slot
  • 6 locking piece
  • 6a bearing journal
  • 6b tooth
  • 6c recess
  • 6d approach
  • 7 spring
  • 7a leaf spring
  • 8 switch levers
  • 9 cones
  • 10 guide slot
  • 10a narrowing
  • 10b extension
  • 11 switching slide
  • 11 a guide pin
  • 11 b Guide bridge
  • 1 lc lock washer

Claims (7)

1. Actuating tool with a ratchet wheel (4), which comprises a coupling profile, is rotatably mounted in the tool housing and can be locked in each of the two directions of rotation by a locking part (6), which can swivel about an axis between two limit positions by means of a bar-shaped spring (7) and engages by way of at least one tooth (6b) in teeth (4b) formed on the circumference of the ratchet wheel, the spring (7) being arranged on a reversing lever (8), which can swivel about a trunnion (9) in the tool housing, characterised in that the reversing lever (8) is provided with a guide slot (10), which extends obliquely relative to the longitudinal direction of the reversing lever (8) and in which a guide pin (11 a) is guided, the latter being secured to a reversing slide (11) which can be moved axially in the tool housing.
2. Actuating tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide slot (10) is provided with a resilient constriction (10a) for the guide pin (11 a) of the reversing slide (11).
3. Actuating tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the reversing lever (8) is made of a plastic material and the guide slot (10) is formed with extensions (1 Ob) at both ends to increase the elasticity.
4. Actuating tool according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the spring (7) is formed as a steel leaf spring, which is inserted at one end in a slot in the reversing lever (8) and engages at the other end in a recess (6c) in the locking part (6).
5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the spring is formed from two leaf springs (7a), which in each case act on one side of a lug (6d) formed on the locking part (6).
6. Actuating tool according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the tool housing is formed from a plastic central part (1) with attached handle shells (2) and two metal plates (5), which comprise bearing points for the ratchet wheel (4) and for the locking part (6) and cover the cavity of the plastic central part (1), which accommodates the reversing lever (8) and the spring (7).
7. Actuating tool according to claim 6, characterised in that one of the metal plates (5) is provided with an oblong hole (5a) for the axial guidance of the reversing slide (11), which is provided with an elongate guide bar (11 b).
EP19860116934 1986-01-29 1986-12-05 Actuating tool Expired EP0236565B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863602570 DE3602570C1 (en) 1986-01-29 1986-01-29 Ratchet wrench
DE3602570 1986-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0236565A1 EP0236565A1 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0236565B1 true EP0236565B1 (en) 1989-06-14

Family

ID=6292832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860116934 Expired EP0236565B1 (en) 1986-01-29 1986-12-05 Actuating tool

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0236565B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3602570C1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102765069A (en) * 2011-05-03 2012-11-07 林益弘 Ratchet spanner

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4862775A (en) * 1988-10-19 1989-09-05 Jessie Chow Control device for ratchet wrenches
EP0437007A1 (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-07-17 Chiro Tools Mfg., Corp. Improved wrench
DE9010280U1 (en) * 1990-07-06 1990-09-27 Franke, Erich, 6797 Waldmohr Fork ratchet
SI20257B (en) * 1999-04-06 2008-06-30 Tone OFENTAVŠEK Electric insulated tool with snap-on mechanism
US6253647B1 (en) 2000-01-05 2001-07-03 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Reversible ratchet with remote reversing operating mechanism
US20060248987A1 (en) * 2005-05-05 2006-11-09 Patrick White Ratchet handle
US11833642B2 (en) * 2019-10-01 2023-12-05 Techway Industrial Co., Ltd. Power tool with electrically controlled commutating assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1513212A (en) * 1923-11-06 1924-10-28 John H Beale Speed ratchet wrench
US1563883A (en) * 1924-07-31 1925-12-01 Waters Frederick Ratchet wrench
US1635102A (en) * 1926-06-21 1927-07-05 Leonard E Watson Wrench
US2539861A (en) * 1946-12-03 1951-01-30 George C Robinson Wrench with work engaging steadying means
US3369416A (en) * 1960-09-26 1968-02-20 Luther E. Kilness Ratchet mechanism
US3508456A (en) * 1968-10-29 1970-04-28 Charles E Schultz Adjustable wrench
US3967514A (en) * 1975-01-28 1976-07-06 Deutch Howard E Ratchet wrench
FR2333615A1 (en) * 1975-12-05 1977-07-01 Contini Yves Bilateral ratchet spanner with V-shaped ratchet lever - uses alternative lever positions to authorise alternative cog wheel rotation
US4300413A (en) * 1980-03-03 1981-11-17 Joseph Garofalo Ratchet wrench with one-hand control and neutral capability
US4425828A (en) * 1981-11-30 1984-01-17 Berdinner Jr E J Right angle drive ratchet screw-driver
DE8560002U1 (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-01-16 Eduard Wille Gmbh & Co, 5600 Wuppertal Ratchet wrench

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102765069A (en) * 2011-05-03 2012-11-07 林益弘 Ratchet spanner
CN102765069B (en) * 2011-05-03 2014-12-24 林益弘 Ratchet spanner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3602570C1 (en) 1987-07-16
EP0236565A1 (en) 1987-09-16

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