EP0233919A4 - Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system. - Google Patents
Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system.Info
- Publication number
- EP0233919A4 EP0233919A4 EP19860905109 EP86905109A EP0233919A4 EP 0233919 A4 EP0233919 A4 EP 0233919A4 EP 19860905109 EP19860905109 EP 19860905109 EP 86905109 A EP86905109 A EP 86905109A EP 0233919 A4 EP0233919 A4 EP 0233919A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fingerprint
- topological
- predetermined
- unknown
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
- G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1347—Preprocessing; Feature extraction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1365—Matching; Classification
Definitions
- Fingerprints are scanned by a scanning system (13). Topological systems for coding and comparing fingerprints including a system for recording a description of fingerprints. In a preferred embodiment, a central point of the fingerprint is selected as a center of rotating scan line. The scan line is rotated to different topological characteristics. A code (T) representing the type of irregularity is recorded (16, 17). A measure (M) of the scanning position when encountering the irregularity is made (16, 17). In the case of a rotating scan line the angular coordinate ( ⁇ ) is recorded. The ridge count (R) (16) is also recorded. A list of coordinate sets (T, ⁇ , R) specifies the topology of a sector. For fragmentary prints similar coordinate sets are generated. A fourth coordinate can be added corresponding to the radial distance (D) (16). A full set of coordinates (T, ⁇ , R, D) gives a complete topological and spatial description of a fingerprint. Comparison of fingerprints can then be conducted by a computer (20).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Fingerprints are scanned by a scanning system (13). Topological systems for coding and comparing fingerprints including a system for recording a description of fingerprints. In a preferred embodiment, a central point of the fingerprint is selected as a center of rotating scan line. The scan line is rotated to different topological characteristics. A code (T) representing the type of irregularity is recorded (16, 17). A measure (M) of the scanning position when encountering the irregularity is made (16, 17). In the case of a rotating scan line the angular coordinate ( theta ) is recorded. The ridge count (R) (16) is also recorded. A list of coordinate sets (T, theta , R) specifies the topology of a sector. For fragmentary prints similar coordinate sets are generated. A fourth coordinate can be added corresponding to the radial distance (D) (16). A full set of coordinates (T, theta , R, D) gives a complete topological and spatial description of a fingerprint. Comparison of fingerprints can then be conducted by a computer (20).
Description
INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
(51) International Patent Classification 4 (11) International Publication Number: WO 87/ 012 G06K 9/00 Al (43) International Publication Date: 26 February 1987 (26.02.8
(21) International Application Number: PCT/US86/01653 (74) Common Representative: ZEGEER, Jim; Suite 108, 8 North Pitt Street, Alexandria, VA 22314 (US).
(22) International Filing Date: 13 August 1986 (13.08.86)
(81) Designated States: AT (European patent), AU, BE (
(31) Priority Application Numbers: 766,331 ropean patent), BR, CH (European patent), DE ( 771,188 ropean patent), FR (European patent), GB (Eu 875,023 pean patent), IT (European patent), JP, KR, LU ( ropean patent), NL (European patent), SE (Europe
(32) Priority Dates: 16 August 1985 (16.08.85) patent).
3 September 1985 (03.09.85)
16 June 1986 (16.06.86)
Published
(33) Priority Country: US With international search report.
(71) Applicant: ZEGEER, Jim [US/US]; 801 North Pitt Street, Alexandria, VA 22314 (US).
(71X72) Applicant and Inventor: SPARROW, Malcolm, K. [GB/GB]; 127 Linton Road, Loose, Maidstone, Kent ME15 0AL (GB).
(54) Title: FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
(57) Abstract
Fingerprints are scanned by a scanning system (13). Topological systems for coding and comparing fingerprints including a system for recording a description of fingerprints. In a preferred embodiment, a central point of the fingerprint is selected as a center of rotating scan line. The scan line is rotated to different topological characteristics. A code (T) representing the type of irregularity is recorded (16, 17). A measure (M) of the scanning position when encountering the irregularity is made (16, 17). In the case of a rotating scan line the angular coordinate (θ) is recorded. The ridge count (R) (16) is also recorded. A list of coordinate sets (T, θ, R) specifies the topology of a sector. For fragmentary prints similar coordinate sets are generated. A fourth coordinate can be added corresponding to the radial distance (D) (16). A full set of coordinates (T, θ, R, D) gives a complete topological and spatial description of a fingerprint. Comparison of fingerprints can then be conducted by a computer (20).
FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMAHON ONLY
Codes used to identify States party to the PCT on the front pages of pamphlets publishing international applications under the PCT.
AT Austria GA Gabon MR Mauritania
AU Australia GB United Kingdom MW Malawi
BB Barbados HU Hungary NL Netherlands
BE Belgium rr Italy NO Norway
BG Bulgaria P Japan RO Romania
BR Brazil KP Democratic People's Republic SD Sudan
CF Central African Republic of Korea SE Sweden
CG Congo KR Republic of Korea SN Senegal
CH Switzerland LI Liechtenstein SU Soviet Union
CM Cameroon LK Sri Lanka TD Chad
DE Germany, Federal Republic of LU Luxembourg TG Togo
DK Denmark MC Monaco US United States of America
FI Finland MG Madagascar
FR France ML Mali
Claims
CLAI MS
1. In a fingerprint recognition system, apparatus for extracting topological coordinates from a known fingerprint and storing composite sets of extracted topological coordinates in a machine searchable fingerprint database comprising, means for establishing a scanning line, means for selecting a point on said scanning line, means for scanning said known fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern by progressive movement of said scanning line over said known fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattem and determining the scan location data (M) of each said successive topological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, means for determining the number of ridge lines (R) between said predetermined point on said scanning line and each said: successive topological characteristic, means for assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each successive topological characteristic, and means for storing said type code (T), scan location data (M) and the number of ridge lines (R) for each known fingerprint in a machine searchable database,
2. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 1 including a central computer coupled to said database, one or
more inquiry terminals, means for connecting said one or more inquiry terminals to said central computer, each said inquiry terminal including means for extracting from an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint composite sets of topological coordinates comprising: means for establishing a scanning line on said unknown fingerprint, means for scanning said unknown fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern by progressive movement of said scanning line over said unknown fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattern and determining the scan location data (Mu) of each said successive topological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, means for determining the number of ridge lines (Ru) between said predetermined point on said scanning line and each said successive topological characteristic, means for assigning a predetermined type code (Tu) to each successive topological characteristic, and said central computer having means for comparing said topological coordinate sets (Tu, Mu, Ru,) from an unknown fingerprint with the topological coordinate data in said machine searchable database to identify the known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown print.
3. The system defined in claim 2 including file means storing replicable images of all said known prints and means for
retrieving a replicable image of identified known print corresponding to said unknown print.
4. The system defined in claim 2 including means for retrieving an image of a known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
5. The system defined in claim 4 including means for displaying an image of the fingerprint retrieved by said means for retrieving.
6. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 1 including, for each topological irregularity on each known fingerprint, means for determining a distance (D) from each successive topological irregularity to the said predetermined point on said scanning line, means for storing the distance (D) together with the coordinate sets (T, M, R) as composite coordinate sets of the form (T, M, R, D) in said machine searchable database.
7. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 6 including a central computer coupled to said database, one or more inquiry terminals, means for connecting said one or more inquiry terminals to said central computer, each said inquiry terminal including means for extracting from an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint, composite sets of topological coordinates comprising: means for establishing a scanning line, means for selecting a predetermined point on said
scanning line to be the predetermined point, means for scanning said unknown fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern by progressive systematic movement of said scanning line over said unknown fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattern and determining the scan location data (Mu) of each said successive topological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, means for determining the number of ridge lines (Ru) between said predetermined point on said scanning line and each said successive topological characteristic, means for assigning a predetermined type code (Tu) to each successive topological characteristic, means for determining a distance (Du) from each successive topological irregularity to the said predetermined point on said scanning line, and said central computer having means tor comparing said composite topological coordinate sets (Tu, Mu, Ru, Du) from an unknown fingerprint with the composite topological coordinate data sets in said machine searchable database to identify the know fingerprint corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
8. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 7 including means for producing a visual image of an identified known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
9. The system defined in claim 1 wherein said predetermined scan pattern is defined by rotating a line radially
about a predetermined central point, that central point also being designated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
10. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 1 wherein said means for scanning said known fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern includes means for moving a straight vertical "line" of scan horizontally across the fingerprint pattern, a point on that scanning line which is vertically below the entire fingerprint pattern being designated the predetermined point on the line for the purpose of measuring said ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data (M) is the measure of the horizontal movement of said scanning line from a predetermined vertical left hand edge.
11. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 1 wherein said means for scanning said known fingerprint in a scan pattern includes means for moving a straight horizontal line vertically over the fingerprint pattern starting from some predetermined bottom edge, a point on that scanning line which is horizontally to the left of the entire fingerprint pattern being designated the predetermined point on the line for the purpose of measuring said ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data (M) is the measure of the vertical movement of said scanning line from a predetermined bottom edge.
12. The fingerprint recognition and retrieval system
defined in claim 10, including storage means for storing replicable images of all said known prints and an image retrieval means for retrieving a replicable image from said storage means corresponding to a selected set of said topological coordinates, means for replicating and displaying an image of a print having said selected set of topological coordinates.
13. The fingerprint recognition and retrieval system defined in claim 11, including storage means for storing replicable imagess of all said known prints and an image retrieval means for retrieving a replicable image from said storage means corresponding to 4 selected set of said topological coordinates, means for replicating and displaying an image of a print having said selected set of topological coordinates.
14. The fingerprint recognition and retrieval system defined in claim 10, including storage means for storing images of all said known prints, means for entering at least a portion of a set of topological coordinates corresponding to an unknown print, means for searching said machine searchable database to find a matching coordinate sets in said database for said portion of a set of topological coordinates, and means for retrieving and displaying said one of said image of a known print corresponding to the matching coordinate set found by said search.
15. The fingerprint recognition and retrieval system defined in claim 11, including means for storing images of all said known prints, means for entering at least a portion of a set
of said topological coordinates of an unknown print, means for searching said machine searchable data base to find a match for said portion of a set of topological coordinates, and means for retrieving and displaying said one of said image of a known print corresponding to the matching coordinate set found by said search.
16. The system defined in claim 2 wherein said predetermined scan pattern, both on the unknown and on the known fingerprints, is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, that central point also being designated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
17. The system defined in claim 6 wherein said predetermined scan pattern on the unknown fingerprints, is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, said central point being designated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R) and also for the purpose of measuring the distances (D), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
18. The system defined in claim 7 wherein said predetermined scan pattern, both on the unknown and on the known fingerprints, is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, that central point also being
designated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R) and also for the purpose of measuring the distances (D), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
19. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 18 including means for displaying an image of an identified known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown print.
20. In a fingerprint recognition system, a method of extracting topological coordinates from a known fingerprint and storing composite sets of extracted topological coordinates in a machine searchable fingerprint database comprising; placing a scanning line on said known fingerprint selecting a point on said scanning line to be the predetermined point, scanning said known fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern or direction by systematic movement of said scanning line over said known fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattern, determining the scan location data (M) of each said successive topological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, determining the number of ridge lines (R) between said predetermined point on said scanning line and each said successive topological characteristic, assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each successive topological characteristic, and
storing the type code (T), scan location data (M) and the number of ridge lines (R) in a machine searchable database.
21. A method of identifying an unknown fingerprint comprising the method defined in claim 20, including a method for extracting from an unknown fingerprint sets of topological coordinates comprising: placing a scanning line on said unknown fingerprint, selecting a point on said scanning line to be the predetermined point, scanning said unknown fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern or direction by systematic movement of said scanning line over said unknown fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattern and determining the scan location data (M) of each said successivetopological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, determining the number of ridge lines (R) between said predetermined point on said scanning line and each said successive topological characteristic, assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each successive topological characteristic, and causing said topological coordinate sets for an unknown print to be compared with the toooiogical coordinate data in said machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
22. The method defined in claim 21 including providing an
image file of all fingerprints in said machine searchable database, and retrieving from said image file an image of said known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
23. The method defined in claim 20 including, for each topological irregularity on each known fingerprint, determining a distance (D) from each successive topological irregularity to the said predetermined point on said scanning line, storing the distance (D) together with the coordinate sets (T, M, R) as composite coordinate sets of the form (T, M, R, D) in a machine searchable database.
24. In a fingerprint recognition system the method defined in claim 22 including a method of extracting from an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint composite sets of topological coordinates comprising: placing a scanning line on said unknown fingerprint, selecting a point on said scanning line to be the predetermined point, scanning said unknown fingerprint in a predetermined scan pattern or direction by systematic movement of said scanning line over said unknown fingerprint, including each successive topological characteristic in said predetermined scan pattern and determining the scan location data of each said successive topological characteristic relative to said scanning line and scanning pattern, determining the number of ridge lines (R) between said
predetermined point on said scanning line and each said successive topological characteristic. assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each successive topological characteristic, determining a d istnce (D) from each successive topolog ical irregularity to the said predetermined point on said scanning line, and comparing said composite topological coordinate sets from an unknown print with the composite topological coordinate data in said machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
25. In a fingerprint recognition system the method defined in claim 24 including a method of displaying an image of an identified known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown print. 26. The method defined in claim 20 wherein said predetermined scan pattern is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, that central point also being designated the predetermined point on the scanning line forthe purpose of measuring ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
27. The method defined in claim 21 wherein said predetermined scan pattern, both on the unknown and on the known fingerprint, is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, that central point also being designated the predetermined point of the scanning line for the
purpose of. measuring ridge counts (R), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
28. The method defined in claim 27 including retrievingan image of a known print corresponding to said unknown print.
29. The method defined, in claim 28 including displayingan image, at a remote site, of the retrieved fingerprint.
30. The method defined in claim 23 wnerein said' predetermined scan pattern on the unknown fingerprints is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point,that central point also being designated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R) and also for the purpose of measuring the distances (D), andwhere said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
31. The method defined in claim 24 wherein said predetermined scan pattern, both on the unknown and on the known fingerprints, is defined by rotating a line radially about a predetermined central point, that central point also beingdesignated the predetermined point on the scanning line for the purpose of measuring ridge counts (R) and also for the purpose of measuring the distances (D), and where said scan location data is the angle (θ) measured from a predetermined reference line.
32. In a fingerprint recognition system the method defined in claim 31 including retrieving an image of an identified known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown print.
33. In a fingerprint recognition system, the method defined in claim 32 including displaying an image of the retrieved fingerprint.
34. In a fingerprint recognition system, apparatus for extracting topological coordinates from a known fingerprint and storing composite sets of extracted topological coordinates in a machine searchable fingerprint comprising: means for selecting a central point on said known fingerprint, means for successively measuring the angular orientation (θ) relative to a predetermined reference line on said known fingerprint of each successive topological characteristic in a predetermined direction of rotation, means for determining the number of ridge lines (R) between said central point and each said successive topological characteristic, means for assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each successive topological characteristic, and means for storing the type code (T), angular orientation (θ) and number of ridge lines (R) in a machine searchable database.
35. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 34 including means for measuring the radial distance (D) to each said successive topological characteristic from said selected central point and including said radial distance (D) for each successive topological characteristic whereby a set of stored coordinates (T, θ, R, D) provides a complete topological and spatial description of said known fingerprint.
36. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 34 including a central computer coupled to said database, one or more enquiry terminals connect able to said central computer, each said enquiry terminal having a means for extracting from an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint composite sets of topological coordinates comprising: means for selecting a central point on said unknown fingerprint, means for successively measuring the angular orientation (θ ) relative to a predetermined reference line on said unknown fingerprint of each successive topological characteristic in a predetermined direction of rotation, means for determining the number of ridge lines (Ru) between said central point and each said successive topological characteristic, means for assigning a predetermined type code (Tu) to each successive topological characteristic, and said central computer having means for comparing said topological coordinate sets from an unknown print with the topological coordinate data in sa i d machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
37. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 36 including means for displaying an image of an identified known fingerprint corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
38. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 34 including means for extracting from said unknown fingerprint the distance (Du) between said central point and each successive
topological characteristic, and said central computer having means for comparing said composite topological coordinate sets from an unknown print with the composite topological coordinate data in said machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
39. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 38 including means for retrieving and displaying an image of said known print corresponding to said unknown fingerprint.
40. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 35 including means for topologically reconstructing an image of the known fingerprint corresponding to any set of topological coordinates stored in the database, and displaying said reconstructed fingerprint at said enquiry terminal.
41. A method of establishing a machine searchable library of fingerprints comprising the steps of: (1) selecting a central point of the fingerprint as a centre of a ridge scan line, (2) relatively moving said ridge scan line to different topological characteristics of said fingerprint for a plurality of ridge lines, (3) assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each said selected topological characteristic located, (4) measuring the location (M) of said ridge scan line from a predetermined first scan line location, (5) counting the number of ridges (R) between said
center to the ridge scanned and forming a composite code (T, M, R) for each different topological characteristic, (6) storing each composite code (T, M, R) in a machine searchable database.
42. The method defined in claim 41 in which said ridge scan line is a rotating ridge scan line having said central point as its center of rotation, including measuring the angular orientation (θ) (where M = θ ) and radial distance (D) along said ridge scan line to each said topological characteristic and including each respective measurement as part of a composite code (T, M, R, D) stored in said machine searchable database.
43. A method of coding an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint comprising the steps of: (1) locating a central point of the fingerprint as a center of a rotating ridge scan line, (2) relatively rotating said ridge scan line to different topological characteristics of said fingerprint for a plurality of ridge lines, (3) assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each said selected topological characteristics located, (4) measuring the angular orientation (θ) of said ridge scan line from a predetermined first angular orientation, (5) counting the number of ridges (R), between said center to the ridge scanned , and
(6) forming a composite code (T, θ , R) for each different topological characteristic on the print.
44. A method of identifying an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint in a rolled fingerprint database comprised of rolled firrgerprints coded in topological coordinate set format wherein the ridge characteristics and other irregularities are coded by their type (T), relative angular orientation (θ) about a selected central observation point and from a predetermined line of reference, and the number of ridges (R) from said central feature, comprising the steps of: (1) topologically coding said unknown fingerprint in the same code format as the said rolled fingerprint, (2) topologically reconstructing the rolled fingerprint and the unknown print from the topological coordinate sets for a given rolled fingerprint stored in said database and the topological coordinate set for said unknown print, (3) comparing vectors extracted from such topological reconstruction to obtain an identity of said unknown fingerprint.
45. In a fingerprint recognition system, the method defined in claim 44 including displaying an image of the retrieval fingerprint.
46. The method as described in claim 44 including a method for extracting from an unknown fingerprint a radial distance (D) for each successive topological characteristic, and
forming composite coordinate sets of the type (T, θ , R, D) and comparing said composite topological coordinate sets from an unknown pri nt wi th the t opo l og i ca l coord i nat e dat a i n sa i d machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
47. The method as described in claim 46 including displaying an image of the retrieved fingerprint.
48. The fingerprint recognition system defined in claim 35 including means for determining the local ridge direction ( λ ) for each said successive topological characteristic and storing said ridge direction (λ ) with said set of stored coordinates.
49. The method defined in claim 42 including determining the local ridge direction (λ ) for each said topological characteristic, and storing said ridge direction (λ) as part of said composite code (T, θ, R, D, λ ) stored in said machine searchable database.
50. A method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint, comprising: topologically reconstructing an image of said fingerprint corresponding to a set of topological coordinates of the form (T, M, R, D) stored in a machine searchable database, wherein: (T) is an irregularity type, (M) is the scan location data for the irregularity derived by a moving scan line from a predetermined point,
(R) is the number of ridges crossed by said moving scan line from said predetermined point to the irregularity, (D) is the distance from the irregularity to said predetermined point on said scan line, and displaying said reconstructed fingerprint image at an enquiry terminal coupled to said machine searchable database. 51. The method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint as defined in claim 50 wherein said scan location is derived by scanning a straight scan line across the fingerprint from said predetermined point to each irregularity and said scan location data is a function of the movement of said scan line.
52. The method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint as defined, in claim 51 wherein said scan location data (M) is the angle (θ) rotatively traversed about a selected central observation point on the fingerprint by a radial scan line from said predetermined point to said irregularity.
53. The method of displaying a replica qf a fingerprint as defined in claim 52 wherein said selected central observation point of said radial scan line is off-set from a central core of said fingerprint.
54. The method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint as defined in claim 51 wherein said scan location data (M) is derived by moving a straight vertical line horizontally across said fingerprint pattern, and is the measure of horizontal movement of said vertical line from a predetermined vertical edge
thereof.
55. The method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint as defined in claim 51 wherein said scan location data (M) is derived by moving a straight horizontal line vertically across said fingerprint pattern and is the measure. of vertical movement of said line from a horizontal edge thereof.
56. A method of displaying a replica of a fingerprint comprising, storing at least one set of topological coordinates of the form (T, M, R, D), topologically reconstructing an image of said fingerprint from said one set of topological coordinates, and displaying said image.
57. Fingerprint coding apparatus for coding an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint comprising the steps of: means for locating a central point of the fingerprint as a center of rotating ridge scan line, means for relatively rotating said ridge scan line to different topological characteristics of said fingerprint for a plurality of ridge lines, means for assigning a predetermined type code (T) to each said selected topological characteristics located, means for measuring the angular orientation (θ) of said ridge scan line from a predetermined first
angular orientation, means for counting the number of ridges (R), between said center to the ridge scanned, and means for forming a composite code (T, θ , R) for each different topological characteristic on the print.
58. Apparatus for identifying an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint in a rolled fingerprint database comprised of rolled fingerprints coded in topological coordinate set format wherein the ridge characteristics and other irregularities are coded by their type (T), relative angular orientation (θ) about a selected central observation point and from a predetermined line of reference, and the number of ridges (R) from said central feature, comprising: (1) means for topologically coding said unknown fingerprint in the same code format as the said. rolled fingerprint, (2) means for topological ly reconstructing the rolled fingerprint and the unknown print from the topological coordinate sets for a given rolled fingerprint stored in said database and the topological coordinate set for said unknown print, (3) means for comparing vectors extracted from such topological reconstruction to obtain an identity of said unknown fingerprint.
59. Apparatus described in claim 58 including a means
for extracting from an unknown fingerprint a radial distance (D) for each successive topological characteristic, and forming composite coordinate sets of the type (T, θ, R, D), and means for comparing said composite topological coordinate sets from an unknown print with the topological coordinate data in said machine searchable database to identify the known print corresponding to said unknown print.
60. A fingerprint recognition and retrieval system comprising: storage means for storing a plurality of sets of topological coordinates for a corresponding plurality of known fingerprints, terminal means for entering a set of topological coordinates for at least a portion of an unknown fingerprint, and means for comparing said set of topological coordinates for at least a portion of an unknown fingerprint with said plurality of sets of topological coordinates corresponding to said plurality of known fingerprints, to locate a match therefor and, means for retrieving a matching known fingerprint. 61. A fingerprint recognition and retrieval system as defined in claim 60 including a display means, and means for reconstructing an image of said matching known fingerprints on said display means.
62. A fingerprint recongition system as defined in claim 60 including means for topologically reconstructing an image of
said matching known fingerprint and display means for displaying said image.
63. A method of establishing a machine searchable library of fingerprints comprising the steps of: locating a central reference point and projecting a line in a predetermined direction through the said central point to intersect ridge lines to each side of said centrally located reference point, from the point of crossing of said projected line with each ridge, and in a predetermined order, tracing each side of said ridge crossings from said projected line to the first occurring topological event and assigning a type code (T) to the event, and measuring the distance (D) from the projected line crossing to the event, and recording each type code (T) and distance (D) in said predetermined order as a topological data vector in a machine searchable database.
64. A method of searching an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint against a rolled fingerprint database comprised of rolled fingerprints coded in the topological data vector format, comprising the steps of: locating a central reference point on said unknown fingerprint and projecting a line through the said central point to intersect ridge lines to each side of said centrally located reference point, from the point of crossing of said projected line with
each ridge, and in a predetermined order, tracing each side of said ridge crossings from said projected line to the first occurring topological event and assigning a type code (T) to the event, and measuring the distance (D) from the projected line crossing to the event, forming a code vector comprised of said type codes and said distances, and comparing said code vector with such code vectors recorded in the rolled print database in order to identify which known fingerprint in the said file collection corresponds to the said unknown fingerprint.
65. Apparatus for establishing a machine searchable library of fingerprints comprising the steps of: means for locating a central reference point and projecting a line in a predetermined direction through the said central point to intersect ridge lines to each side of said centrally located reference point, means for tracing, in a predetermined order, each side of said ridge crossings from said projected line to the first occurring topological event and assigning a type code (T) to the event, measuring means for measuring the distance (D) from the projected line crossing to the event, and recording means for recording each type code (T) and distance (D) in said predetermined order as a topological data vector in a machine searchable database.
66. Apparatus for searching an unknown latent or rolled fingerprint against a rolled fingerprint database comprised of rolled fingerprints coded in the topological data vector format, comprising: means for locating a central reference point on said unknown fingerprint and projecting a line through the said central point to intersect ridge lines to each side of said centrally located reference point, tracing means for tracing, in a predetermined order, each side of said ridge crossings from said projected line to the first occurring topological event and assigning a type code (T) to the event, measuring means for measuring the distance (D) from the projected line crossing to the event, coding means for forming a code vector comprised of said type codes and said distances, and comparator means for comparing said code vector with such code vectors recorded in the rolled print database i n order to identify which known fingerprint in the said file collection corresponds to the said unknown fingerprint.
67. A method of establishing a machine searchable library of fingerprints comprising the steps of: scanning the fingerprint to obtain a set of topological coord inates, topologically reconstructing said fingerprint from said set of topological coordinates,
extracting a vector from said topologically reconstructed fingerprint and storing each said vector to constitute said machine searchable library of fingerprints.
68. The method described in claim 67 wherein said step of topologically reconstructing a fingerprint includes forming a continuity matrix and lifting said vector out of said continuity matrix.
69. A method of identifying an unknown fingerprint comprising the steps of: forming a library as described in claim 67, scanning the unknown fingerprint to obtain a set of
topological coordinates, topologically reconstructing said unknown fingerprint from said set of topological coordinates, extracting a vector from said topologically reconstructed unknown fingerprint, comparing said vector for said unknown fingerprint with said vectors in said library to identify said unknown fingerprint.
70. The method described in claim 69 including a method for retrieving and displaying an image of the known fingerprint from said machine searchable library that corresponds to said unknown fingerprint.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76633185A | 1985-08-16 | 1985-08-16 | |
| US77118885A | 1985-09-03 | 1985-09-03 | |
| US771188 | 1985-09-03 | ||
| US06/875,023 US4747147A (en) | 1985-09-03 | 1986-06-16 | Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system |
| US875023 | 1986-06-16 | ||
| US766331 | 1991-09-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0233919A1 EP0233919A1 (en) | 1987-09-02 |
| EP0233919A4 true EP0233919A4 (en) | 1990-01-26 |
Family
ID=27419626
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19860905109 Ceased EP0233919A4 (en) | 1985-08-16 | 1986-08-13 | Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0233919A4 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR940002361B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU587152B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8606834A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1270332A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987001224A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8723299D0 (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1987-11-11 | Imagepack Ltd | Identity verification |
| DE68905237T2 (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1993-07-29 | Nec Corp | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPARING FINGERPRINTS. |
| US8041956B1 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2011-10-18 | Daon Holdings Limited | Method and system for biometric authentication |
| CN103459991A (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2013-12-18 | 维泰克实验室技术股份有限公司 | Bottle dispenser having a digital volume display |
| US20140002642A1 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-02 | Elmar SWIEGOT | Absolute position detection |
| CN115630191B (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-28 | 成都纵横自动化技术股份有限公司 | Time-space data set retrieval method and device based on full-dynamic video and storage medium |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3292149A (en) * | 1964-06-18 | 1966-12-13 | Ibm | Identification and comparison apparatus for contour patterns such as fingerprints |
| US3419287A (en) * | 1965-12-08 | 1968-12-31 | System Dev Corp | Fingerprint classification by coordinate system |
| US3560928A (en) * | 1968-09-25 | 1971-02-02 | Ibm | Apparatus for automatically identifying fingerprint cores |
| JPS6012674B2 (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1985-04-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | Pattern feature extraction device |
| CA1199732A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1986-01-21 | Koh Asai | Method and device for matching fingerprints with precise minutia pairs selected from coarse pairs |
| US4607384A (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1986-08-19 | At&T - Technologies, Inc. | Fingerprint classification arrangement |
-
1986
- 1986-08-13 BR BR8606834A patent/BR8606834A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-08-13 EP EP19860905109 patent/EP0233919A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-08-13 AU AU62236/86A patent/AU587152B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-08-13 WO PCT/US1986/001653 patent/WO1987001224A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-08-13 KR KR1019870700330A patent/KR940002361B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-15 CA CA000516052A patent/CA1270332A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| NBS TECHNICAL NOTE 481, April 1969, pages 1-21; J.H. WEGSTEIN: "A semi-automated single fingerprint identification system" * |
| See also references of WO8701224A1 * |
| WESCON TECHNICAL PAPERS, vol. 19, 16th-19th September 1975, pages 1-13; R.M. STOCK: "Present and future identification needs of law enforcement" * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1987001224A1 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| EP0233919A1 (en) | 1987-09-02 |
| BR8606834A (en) | 1987-10-27 |
| CA1270332A (en) | 1990-06-12 |
| KR940002361B1 (en) | 1994-03-23 |
| AU6223686A (en) | 1987-03-10 |
| AU587152B2 (en) | 1989-08-03 |
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