EP0233812B1 - Impeller for a vacuum impact crusher - Google Patents

Impeller for a vacuum impact crusher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0233812B1
EP0233812B1 EP87400175A EP87400175A EP0233812B1 EP 0233812 B1 EP0233812 B1 EP 0233812B1 EP 87400175 A EP87400175 A EP 87400175A EP 87400175 A EP87400175 A EP 87400175A EP 0233812 B1 EP0233812 B1 EP 0233812B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
particles
deflectors
distributor
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP87400175A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0233812A2 (en
EP0233812A3 (en
Inventor
Gérard Sevelinge
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Areva NP SAS
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Framatome SA
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Priority to AT87400175T priority Critical patent/ATE67691T1/en
Publication of EP0233812A2 publication Critical patent/EP0233812A2/en
Publication of EP0233812A3 publication Critical patent/EP0233812A3/en
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Publication of EP0233812B1 publication Critical patent/EP0233812B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/1835—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate by means of beater or impeller elements fixed in between an upper and lower rotor disc
    • B02C13/1842—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate by means of beater or impeller elements fixed in between an upper and lower rotor disc with dead bed protected beater or impeller elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum projection mill wheel in which the particles to be ground are projected by centrifugal force onto an impact surface disposed inside a vacuum enclosure, as referred to in the preamble of the claim 1 (EP-A 101277)
  • a vacuum crusher comprises a closed enclosure that is resistant to pressure and evacuated and at the top of which is placed a distributing wheel driven in rotation at high speed.
  • the wheel is provided in its axis with a central feed chamber provided at its upper part with an axial orifice formed at the bottom of a hopper supplied with material to be ground by means of a metering device, for example screw, placed at the outlet of a supply chamber forming an airlock and which makes it possible to introduce the material into the vacuum enclosure.
  • the distributing wheel is also provided with a plurality of projection channels, the axes of which are centered in a median plane perpendicular to the axis and which open inwards into the supply chamber and outwards on the periphery of the wheel.
  • the material introduced by the metering device into the central feeding chamber is therefore driven by centrifugal effect in the channels and projected at the outlet of these on a set of plates forming targets and which are placed all around the wheel. , along the side wall of the enclosure.
  • the lower part of the latter is in the form of a hopper and collects the fine powder formed by the bursting of the grains of material thus projected onto the targets by the channels of the wheel.
  • the bearing faces of the particles formed by the bottom of said channels are therefore protected by a layer of particles, but the extreme point of the bottom of these channels located at the ejection orifice is a vulnerable point that should also be protected.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a new embodiment of a grinder wheel enabling these drawbacks to be remedied and having the characteristics of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the distributing wheel comprises, downstream of each outlet orifice of the channels with respect to the direction of projection of the particles, an element formed by a pallet integral in rotation with the wheel and making it possible on the one hand to create, at the end of the guide face of each channel, a protective mattress formed by the particles themselves and extending the stable layer of self-protection, and on the other hand to cancel the effort of contact between the particles and the wheel before the ejection and the projection of said particles on the target.
  • FIG 1 we see a cylindrical enclosure 1 with a vertical axis at the upper part of which is disposed a vertical duct of large section 2 having a branch on which is fixed a duct 3 connected to a vacuum pump not shown. Inside the duct 2 are arranged hoppers 4 and 5. The hopper 5 is connected to a vibrator 6.
  • a hopper 7 supplied with material to be ground and whose axial outlet orifice opens into a central supply chamber 21 of a distributing wheel 20 constituting the upper part of the rotor of the mill.
  • This wheel is pierced with several radial direction channels such as 22 and 23 regularly distributed.
  • a target 8 is arranged, the impact surface of which is covered with a material resistant to wear and impact.
  • the wheel 20 constituting the upper part of the rotor of the mill is secured to an elongated cylindrical tubular shaft 12.
  • This shaft 12, driven by a motor 13, is guided and supported by a set of bearings and stops 14.
  • the motor 13 makes it possible to drive the wheel 20 in rotation at very high speeds.
  • FIG 2 there is shown on a larger scale the dispensing wheel 20 inside which are formed a supply chamber 21 and two channels 22 and 23 opening at their ends inwardly into the supply chamber 21 and outwards on the periphery of the wheel through discharge orifices 24 and 25.
  • the hopper 7 is arranged in the axis of the dispensing wheel 20 and opens into the supply chamber 21 of said wheel.
  • This distributing wheel 20 is constituted by a cover 26 and by a bottom 27 in the form of a circular plate, these two elements being integral with one another and driven in rotation at very high speeds by the shaft 12.
  • the granular material penetrates into the feed chamber 21 and is projected outward, by centrifugal effect passing through the channels 22 and 23.
  • the particles thus projected by the channels strike the target 8 and are reduced to a fine powder. .
  • the granular materials for example cement or pulverized coal, treated in centrifugal mills being fairly abrasive, we find in the mills a fairly rapid wear of the internal side wall of the projection channels, and also from the end of the channels to the level of the peripheral outlet orifice.
  • the guide face 22a and 23a of the particles in each of said channels has a positive curve A (FIG. 3), that is to say a curve s' winding in the same direction of rotation of the wheel distributor 20, and the layout of which, judiciously calculated, as a function of the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact, achieves the attachment on this curve A of a stable layer 28 (FIG. 5) of self-protection constituted by the particles themselves , with automatic regeneration of said layer at the same time as its wear.
  • this self-protection layer 28 has an almost zero thickness at the end 22b, 23b of each of the channels, so that this end constitutes a vulnerable zone undergoing significant wear.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid this wear phenomenon in this area.
  • the distributor wheel 20 is provided at the end of each channel 22 and 23, at the outlet orifices 24 and 25, with an element designated as a whole by the reference 30.
  • This element 30 is constituted by a pallet integral with the wheel 20 or attached to it.
  • the pallet 30 is constituted by an extension of the external lateral face of the bottom 27 so as to form a vertical wall 31 oriented along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the distributing wheel 20.
  • This vertical wall 31 is therefore arranged downstream of the orifice 24 and leave a cavity 32 behind the end 22b.
  • first deflector 33 formed by a small independent plate applied against the vertical wall 31.
  • the upper part of this first deflector 33 has the shape of a triangle whose apex 33a is directed towards the high and overflows above the vertical wall 31.
  • a second deflector 34 formed by a small independent plate is mounted inside the cavity 32, said second deflector 34 being attached to the first deflector 33.
  • the upper part of this second deflector 34 also has the shape of 'a triangle whose apex 34a is directed upwards and whose height is less than the height of the tip 33a of the first deflector.
  • the lateral faces of the two deflectors 33 and 34 have a curvature determined so that the center of said curvatures coincides with the center O of the distributing wheel 20 on the axis of rotation.
  • the vertices 33a and 34a, respectively of the deflectors 33 and 34 are arranged on the same radius OX passing through the center O of the wheel 20, as seen on Figure 3.
  • the lateral faces of the two deflectors 33 and 34 can also be of planar shape and perpendicular to the radius OX.
  • the pallet 30 placed at the outlet of the channel 23 is identical to the pallet placed at the outlet of the channel 22.
  • the vertices 33a and 34a of the deflectors 33 and 34 of each pallet are located on the same diameter XOX ′ of said wheel 20.
  • the distributing wheel 20 includes means 40 (FIG. 2) for adjusting the starting point of the stable self-protection layer 28 formed by the particles in each channel 22 and 23.
  • These means 40 consist of a disc 41 secured in rotation with the bottom 27 and placed in the axis of the wheel 20 below the supply chamber 21. This disc 41 has in relief on its upper face small studs (42, 43, ...) in shape of circular crown sectors.
  • the number of small studs corresponds to the number of channels formed in the distributing wheel 20.
  • the disc 41 therefore comprises two small studs 42 and 43 diametrically opposite, the small stud 42 corresponding to channel 22 and the small pad 43 corresponding to channel 23.
  • the disc 41 is adjustable in rotation so as to modify the position of the small studs 42 and 43 relative to the inlet of the channels 22 and 23, which makes it possible to adjust the starting point of the self-protection layer in each channel in function of the particle size of the material to be treated and the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact.
  • the particles introduced into the feed chamber 21 also form, during the operation of the mill, an embankment of particles 50 on the second deflector 34 of each pallet 30 which extends the curve B of the layer 28.
  • the length of this slope 50 depends on the length of the second deflector 34 which is determined so that the thickness of the particle self-protection layer at the end 22b, 23b of each channel 22, 23 is sufficient to avoid wear of this end.
  • the slope 50 has the shape of a dihedral tilted upwards determining two half-planes 50a and 50b of QT intersection (FIG. 6).
  • a second slope 51 of particles is also formed, above the slope 50.
  • the slope 51 has the shape of a dihedral upwardly inclined determining two half-planes 51a and 51b of intersection TS.
  • the half-plane TSV of the dihedral 51 determines a boundary layer in such a way that the component of its normal protection in the plane of the wheel 20 is in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of rotation ⁇ of said wheel.
  • the particles arrive at the point T on the half-plane TSV of the slope 51. Since the component of the normal of the half-plane TSV in projection in the plane of the wheel 20 is in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of rotation of said wheel, the contact force between the particles and the wheel in the TSV half-plane is canceled, the particles leave said wheel which does not cause wear of these parts.
  • the particle entrainment speed obtained by the rotation of the distributing wheel 20 being clearly greater than the relative speed of said particles in the TSV plane, said relative speed is therefore negligible compared to said entrainment speed, so that at the exit of the TSV plane the particles resume a horizontal trajectory and are projected on the target 8.
  • the distributing wheel 20 must rotate at a greater or lesser speed. But in all cases, the creation of a protective mattress will be obtained, because the plating of the particles is independent of the speed of rotation of the wheel.
  • the deflectors 33 and 34 of the pallets 30 can be mounted adjustable transversely and / or vertically to modify, as a function of the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact and the particle size of the material to be treated, the geometry of the slopes 50 and 51 and the position of the radius OX and / or OX ′ with respect to the ends 22b, 23b of the channels 22 and 23.
  • the deflectors 33 and 34 are easily replaceable and can, for example, be made of very hard and abrasion-resistant material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

A distributor wheel 20 comprises, downstream of each outlet aperture (24, 25) of its channels (22, 23), in relation to the direction of the projection of particles, a member (30, 33, 34) fixed for rotation with the wheel (20) and making it possible to form, at the end of the guide face of each channel (22, 23), a stable protective cushion composed of the particles themselves and extending the stable self-protection layer (28), and to eliminate the contact force between the particles and the wheel (20) before ejection and projection of the particles onto the target.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une roue de broyeur à projection sous vide dans lequel les particules à broyer sont projetées par force centrifuge sur une surface d'impact disposée à l'intérieur d'une enceinte sous vide, tel que visé au préambule de la revendication 1 (EP-A 101277)The present invention relates to a vacuum projection mill wheel in which the particles to be ground are projected by centrifugal force onto an impact surface disposed inside a vacuum enclosure, as referred to in the preamble of the claim 1 (EP-A 101277)

On sait que ce type de broyeur utilise la force centrifuge pour projeter des matériaux à broyer sur des cibles à des vitesses très élevées, l'ensemble du dispositif étant disposé sous vide afin d'éviter le freinage des particules projetées par la résistance de l'air.It is known that this type of mill uses centrifugal force to project materials to be ground on targets at very high speeds, the entire device being placed under vacuum in order to avoid braking of the particles projected by the resistance of the air.

Un broyeur sous vide comprend une enceinte fermée résistant à la pression et mise sous vide et à la partie supérieure de laquelle est placée une roue distributrice entraînée en rotation à grande vitesse. La roue est munie dans son axe d'une chambre centrale d'alimentation munie à sa partie supérieure d'un orifice axial ménagé au fond d'une trémie alimentée en matière à broyer par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de dosage, par exemple à vis, placé au débouché d'une chambre d'alimentation formant sas et qui permet d'introduire la matière dans l'enceinte sous vide.A vacuum crusher comprises a closed enclosure that is resistant to pressure and evacuated and at the top of which is placed a distributing wheel driven in rotation at high speed. The wheel is provided in its axis with a central feed chamber provided at its upper part with an axial orifice formed at the bottom of a hopper supplied with material to be ground by means of a metering device, for example screw, placed at the outlet of a supply chamber forming an airlock and which makes it possible to introduce the material into the vacuum enclosure.

La roue distributrice est munie d'autre part d'une pluralité de canaux de projection dont les axes sont centrés dans un plan médian perpendiculaire à l'axe et qui débouchent vers l'intérieur dans la chambre d'alimentation et vers l'extérieur sur la périphérie de la roue.The distributing wheel is also provided with a plurality of projection channels, the axes of which are centered in a median plane perpendicular to the axis and which open inwards into the supply chamber and outwards on the periphery of the wheel.

La matière introduite par le dispositif de dosage dans la chambre centrale d'alimentation est donc entraînée par effet centrifuge dans les canaux et projetée à la sortie de ceux-ci sur un ensemble de plaques formant des cibles et qui sont placées tout autour de la roue, le long de la paroi latérale de l'enceinte. La partie inférieure de celle-ci est en forme de trémie et récupère la poudre fine formée par l'éclatement des grains de matière ainsi projetée sur les cibles par les canaux de la roue.The material introduced by the metering device into the central feeding chamber is therefore driven by centrifugal effect in the channels and projected at the outlet of these on a set of plates forming targets and which are placed all around the wheel. , along the side wall of the enclosure. The lower part of the latter is in the form of a hopper and collects the fine powder formed by the bursting of the grains of material thus projected onto the targets by the channels of the wheel.

Si la roue distributrice tourne à une vitesse suffisante, on crée donc à l'intérieur des canaux, une accélération radiale et tangentielle permettant d'obtenir à la sortie la vitesse désirée. A l'intérieur de ces canaux, il se produit un effet de contact entre les particules et la roue qui dépend de la vitesse de rotation ce qui entraîne un phénomène d'usure important. Ce phénomène d'abrasion dépend des propriétés physiques des particules, mais est toujours très important dès que la vitesse d'éjection devient elle aussi importante, eu égard à la valeur élevée de l'effet de contact particules-roue et de la vitesse relative de déplacement des particules dans les canaux.If the distributing wheel rotates at a sufficient speed, a radial and tangential acceleration is created inside the channels, making it possible to obtain the desired speed at the outlet. Inside these channels, there is a contact effect between the particles and the wheel which depends on the speed of rotation, which leads to a significant wear phenomenon. This abrasion phenomenon depends on the physical properties of the particles, but is always very important as soon as the ejection speed also becomes high, having regard to the high value of the particle-wheel contact effect and the relative speed of displacement of particles in the channels.

Pour réaliser la protection de ces canaux, on connait dans la demande de brevet français 85-02234 au nom de la demanderesse, une roue distributrice dans laquelle la face de guidage des particules dans chaque canal a une courbe positive, c'est-à-dire une courbe s'enroulant dans le même sens de rotation de la roue distributrice, et dont le tracé, judicieusement calculé, en fonction des coefficients de frottement des matériaux en contact, réalise l'accrochage sur cette courbe d'une couche stable d'autoprotection constituée par les particules elles-mêmes, avec régénération automatique de ladite couche en même temps que son usure.To achieve the protection of these channels, we know in French patent application 85-02234 in the name of the applicant, a distributor wheel in which the guide face of the particles in each channel has a positive curve, that is to say to say a curve winding in the same direction of rotation of the distributing wheel, and whose tracing, judiciously calculated, according to the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact, achieves the attachment on this curve of a stable layer of self-protection constituted by the particles themselves, with automatic regeneration of said layer at the same time as its wear.

Dans ce dispositif, grâce à la formation des canaux, les faces d'appui des particules formées par le fond desdits canaux sont donc protégées par une couche de particules, mais le point extrême du fond de ces canaux situé au niveau de l'orifice d'éjection est un point vulnérable qu'il convient également de protéger.In this device, thanks to the formation of the channels, the bearing faces of the particles formed by the bottom of said channels are therefore protected by a layer of particles, but the extreme point of the bottom of these channels located at the ejection orifice is a vulnerable point that should also be protected.

Par ailleurs, le déplacement des particules à broyer, du centre à la périphérie de la roue distributrice, se fait avec une certaine vitesse que l'on ne peut annuler, sinon le débit de l'appareil serait nul.Furthermore, the movement of the particles to be ground, from the center to the periphery of the distributor wheel, takes place with a certain speed which cannot be canceled, otherwise the flow rate of the device would be zero.

La protection de ce point extrême peut être réalisé par la formation d'un talus, grâce à des formes appropriées de la roue distributrice. Or, on sait qu'un talus en forme de cône a, au niveau de son intersection avec le plan de pose, une épaisseur nulle ce qui constitue également un point vulnérable pouvant subir une usure. Cette solution ne peut donc être retenue.The protection of this extreme point can be achieved by the formation of an embankment, thanks to the appropriate shapes of the distributor wheel. However, it is known that a cone-shaped slope has, at its intersection with the laying plane, a zero thickness which also constitutes a vulnerable point which can undergo wear. This solution cannot therefore be adopted.

Pour obtenir aucune usure de la roue distributrice et une protection efficace au niveau de l'orifice d'éjection des canaux de distribution, il faut donc soit s'assurer que les particules se déplacent sur des talus d'épaisseur non nulle, ou soit que l'effort de contact entre particules et talus soit nul, surtout lorsque l'épaisseur de ces dernierS est quasi nulle.To obtain no wear of the distributor wheel and effective protection at the level of the ejection orifice of the distribution channels, it is therefore necessary either to ensure that the particles move on slopes of non-zero thickness, or that the contact force between particles and slope is zero, especially when the thickness of the latter is almost zero.

L'invention a donc pour objet un nouveau mode de réalisation d'une roue de broyeur permettant de remédier à ces inconvénients et présentant les caractéristiques de la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1.The subject of the invention is therefore a new embodiment of a grinder wheel enabling these drawbacks to be remedied and having the characteristics of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Suivant l'invention, la roue distributrice comporte, en aval de chaque orifice de sortie des canaux par rapport à la direction de projection des particules, un élément formé par une palette solidaire en rotation avec la roue et permettant d'une part de créer, au niveau de l'extrémité de la face de guidage de chaque canal, un matelas de protection constitué par les particules elles-mêmes et prolongeant la couche stable d'autoprotection, et d'autre part d'annuler l'effort de contact entre les particules et la roue avant l'éjection et la projection desdites particules sur la cible.According to the invention, the distributing wheel comprises, downstream of each outlet orifice of the channels with respect to the direction of projection of the particles, an element formed by a pallet integral in rotation with the wheel and making it possible on the one hand to create, at the end of the guide face of each channel, a protective mattress formed by the particles themselves and extending the stable layer of self-protection, and on the other hand to cancel the effort of contact between the particles and the wheel before the ejection and the projection of said particles on the target.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la palette est perpendiculaire au plan de la roue et munie de moyens assurant, au-delà de l'extrémité de la face de guidage de chaque canal, la formation de talus d'autoprotection constitués par les particules elles-mêmes et de géométrie et de pente déterminées en fonction du coefficient de frottement des matériaux en contact et de la granulométrie de la matière à traiter. Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple de réalisation et en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe dans un plan vertical de l'ensemble d'un broyeur utilisant une roue distributrice selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe dans un plan vertical à plus grande échelle de la roue distributrice conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon III-III de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'une palette prévue au niveau de chaque orifice d'éjection de la roue distributrice ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue identique à la figure 3 montrant la formation des couches auto-protectrices dans la roue distributrice pendant le fonctionnement du broyeur ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue de face de la palette d'éjection selon la flèche F de la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 6.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the pallet is perpendicular to the plane of the wheel and provided with means ensuring, beyond the end of the guide face of each channel, the formation of self-protection slopes constituted by the particles themselves and of geometry and slope determined as a function of the coefficient of friction of the materials in contact and of the particle size of the material to be treated. The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view in a vertical plane of the assembly of a crusher using a distributor wheel according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view in a vertical plane on a larger scale of the distributor wheel according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along III-III of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a pallet provided at each ejection orifice of the distributor wheel;
  • FIG. 5 is a view identical to FIG. 3 showing the formation of the self-protecting layers in the distributor wheel during the operation of the crusher;
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the ejection pallet according to arrow F of Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6.

Sur la figure 1, on voit une enceinte 1 cylindrique à axe vertical à la partie supérieure de laquelle est disposé un conduit vertical de grande section 2 présentant une dérivation sur laquelle est fixé un conduit 3 relié à une pompe à vide non représentée. A l'intérieur du conduit 2 sont disposées des trémies 4 et 5. La trémie 5 est reliée à un vibreur 6.In Figure 1, we see a cylindrical enclosure 1 with a vertical axis at the upper part of which is disposed a vertical duct of large section 2 having a branch on which is fixed a duct 3 connected to a vacuum pump not shown. Inside the duct 2 are arranged hoppers 4 and 5. The hopper 5 is connected to a vibrator 6.

En-dessous de la trémie vibrante 5 est disposée une trémie 7 alimentée en matière à broyer et dont l'orifice de sortie axial débouche dans une chambre d'alimentation centrale 21 d'une roue distributrice 20 constituant la partie supérieure du rotor du broyeur. Cette roue est percée de plusieurs canaux de direction radiale tels que 22 et 23 régulièrement répartis.Below the vibrating hopper 5 is disposed a hopper 7 supplied with material to be ground and whose axial outlet orifice opens into a central supply chamber 21 of a distributing wheel 20 constituting the upper part of the rotor of the mill. This wheel is pierced with several radial direction channels such as 22 and 23 regularly distributed.

Dans le prolongement de ces canaux et tout autour de l'enceinte, est disposée une cible 8 dont la surface d'impact est recouverte d'une matière résistant à l'usure et aux chocs.In the extension of these channels and all around the enclosure, a target 8 is arranged, the impact surface of which is covered with a material resistant to wear and impact.

On peut déterminer entre la surface périphérique externe de la roue 20 et la cible 8 une zone d'espace dans laquelle vont être projetées les particules à broyer. En dessous de cette zone d'espace est disposée une trémie vibrante 10 dont le rôle est de recueillir la matière pulvérulente broyée pour la diriger vers la sortie 11 reliée à un jeu de sas sous vide permettant l'écoulement du produit sans casser le vide dans l'enceinte.It is possible to determine between the external peripheral surface of the wheel 20 and the target 8 a zone of space into which the particles to be ground will be projected. Below this area of space is arranged a vibrating hopper 10 whose role is to collect the crushed pulverulent material to direct it towards the outlet 11 connected to a set of vacuum locks allowing the product to flow without breaking the vacuum in the enclosure.

La roue 20 constituant la partie supérieure du rotor du broyeur est solidaire d'un arbre allongé cylindrique 12 tubulaire. Cet arbre 12, entraîné par un moteur 13, est guidé et supporté par un ensemble de paliers et de butées 14.The wheel 20 constituting the upper part of the rotor of the mill is secured to an elongated cylindrical tubular shaft 12. This shaft 12, driven by a motor 13, is guided and supported by a set of bearings and stops 14.

Le moteur 13 permet d'entrainer la roue 20 en rotation à de très grandes vitesses.The motor 13 makes it possible to drive the wheel 20 in rotation at very high speeds.

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté à plus grande échelle la roue distributrice 20 à l'intérieur de laquelle sont ménagés une chambre d'alimentation 21 et deux canaux 22 et 23 débouchant à leurs extrémités vers l'intérieur dans la chambre d'alimentation 21 et vers l'extérieur sur la périphérie de la roue par des orifices d'évacuation 24 et 25.In Figure 2, there is shown on a larger scale the dispensing wheel 20 inside which are formed a supply chamber 21 and two channels 22 and 23 opening at their ends inwardly into the supply chamber 21 and outwards on the periphery of the wheel through discharge orifices 24 and 25.

La trémie 7 est disposée dans l'axe de la roue distributrice 20 et débouche dans la chambre d'alimentation 21 de ladite roue. Cette roue distributrice 20 est constituée par un couvercle 26 et par un fond 27 en forme de plateau circulaire, ces deux éléments étant solidaires l'un à l'autre et entrainés en rotation à de très grandes vitesses par l'arbre 12.The hopper 7 is arranged in the axis of the dispensing wheel 20 and opens into the supply chamber 21 of said wheel. This distributing wheel 20 is constituted by a cover 26 and by a bottom 27 in the form of a circular plate, these two elements being integral with one another and driven in rotation at very high speeds by the shaft 12.

La matière en grains pénètre dans la chambre d'alimentation 21 et est projetée vers l'extérieur, par effet centrifuge en passant par les canaux 22 et 23. Les particules ainsi projetées par les canaux frappent la cible 8 et sont réduites en une poudre fine.The granular material penetrates into the feed chamber 21 and is projected outward, by centrifugal effect passing through the channels 22 and 23. The particles thus projected by the channels strike the target 8 and are reduced to a fine powder. .

Les matières granulaires, par exemple du ciment ou du charbon pulvérisé, traité dans les broyeurs centrifuges étant assez abrasives, on constate dans les broyeurs une usure assez rapide de la paroi latérale interne des canaux de projection, et également de l'extrémité des canaux au niveau de l'orifice de sortie périphérique.The granular materials, for example cement or pulverized coal, treated in centrifugal mills being fairly abrasive, we find in the mills a fairly rapid wear of the internal side wall of the projection channels, and also from the end of the channels to the level of the peripheral outlet orifice.

Pour éviter l'usure de la paroi latérale interne des canaux 22 et 23, la face de guidage 22a et 23a des particules dans chacun desdits canaux a une courbe positive A (figure 3), c'est-à-dire une courbe s'enroulant dans le même sens de rotation de la roue distributrice 20, et dont le tracé, judicieusement calculé, en fonction des coefficients de frottement des matériaux en contact, réalise l'accrochage sur cette courbe A d'une couche stable 28 (figure 5) d'autoprotection constituée par les particules elles-mêmes, avec régénération automatique de ladite couche en même temps que son usure.To avoid wear of the internal lateral wall of the channels 22 and 23, the guide face 22a and 23a of the particles in each of said channels has a positive curve A (FIG. 3), that is to say a curve s' winding in the same direction of rotation of the wheel distributor 20, and the layout of which, judiciously calculated, as a function of the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact, achieves the attachment on this curve A of a stable layer 28 (FIG. 5) of self-protection constituted by the particles themselves , with automatic regeneration of said layer at the same time as its wear.

Ainsi, grâce à la forme de la face de guidage 22a et 23a des particules, il se produit dans chacun des canaux 22 et 23 un entassement 28 de particules jusqu'à ce que cet entassement dessine une courbe B de telle manière que cette couche fixe de particules constitue donc une véritable protection desdites faces de guidage.Thus, thanks to the shape of the guide face 22a and 23a of the particles, there occurs in each of the channels 22 and 23 a accumulation 28 of particles until this accumulation draws a curve B in such a way that this layer fixes of particles therefore constitutes real protection for said guide faces.

Mais cette couche d'autoprotection 28 a au niveau de l'extrémité 22b, 23b de chacun des canaux une épaisseur quasi nulle, si bien que cette extrémité constitue une zone vulnérable subissant une usure importante.However, this self-protection layer 28 has an almost zero thickness at the end 22b, 23b of each of the channels, so that this end constitutes a vulnerable zone undergoing significant wear.

L'invention permet d'éviter ce phénomène d'usure dans cette zone.The invention makes it possible to avoid this wear phenomenon in this area.

A cet effet, la roue distributrice 20 est munie à l'extrémité de chaque canal 22 et 23, au niveau des orifices de sortie 24 et 25, d'un élément désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 30.To this end, the distributor wheel 20 is provided at the end of each channel 22 and 23, at the outlet orifices 24 and 25, with an element designated as a whole by the reference 30.

Cet élément 30 est constitué par une palette solidaire de la roue 20 ou rapportée sur celle-ci.This element 30 is constituted by a pallet integral with the wheel 20 or attached to it.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la palette 30 est constituée par un prolongement de la face latérale extérieure du fond 27 de façon à former une paroi verticale 31 orientée selon un plan perpendiculaire au plan de la roue distributrice 20. Cette paroi verticale 31 est donc disposée en aval de l'orifice 24 et ménage derrière l'extrèmité 22b une cavité 32.In the example shown, the pallet 30 is constituted by an extension of the external lateral face of the bottom 27 so as to form a vertical wall 31 oriented along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the distributing wheel 20. This vertical wall 31 is therefore arranged downstream of the orifice 24 and leave a cavity 32 behind the end 22b.

A l'intérieur de cette cavité 32 est monté un premier déflecteur 33 formé par une petite plaque indépendante appliquée contre la paroi verticale 31. La partie supérieure de ce premier déflecteur 33 a la forme d'un triangle dont le sommet 33a est dirigé vers le haut et déborde au-dessus de la paroi verticale 31.Inside this cavity 32 is mounted a first deflector 33 formed by a small independent plate applied against the vertical wall 31. The upper part of this first deflector 33 has the shape of a triangle whose apex 33a is directed towards the high and overflows above the vertical wall 31.

D'autre part, un second déflecteur 34 formé par une petite plaque indépendante est monté à l'intérieur de la cavité 32, ledit second déflecteur 34 étant accolé au premier déflecteur 33. La partie supérieure de ce second déflecteur 34 a également la forme d'un triangle dont le sommet 34a est dirigé vers le haut et dont la hauteur est inférieure à la hauteur de la pointe 33a du premier déflecteur.On the other hand, a second deflector 34 formed by a small independent plate is mounted inside the cavity 32, said second deflector 34 being attached to the first deflector 33. The upper part of this second deflector 34 also has the shape of 'a triangle whose apex 34a is directed upwards and whose height is less than the height of the tip 33a of the first deflector.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les faces latérales des deux déflecteurs 33 et 34 ont une courbure déterminée de telle sorte que le centre desdites courbures soit confondu avec le centre O de la roue distributrice 20 sur l'axe de rotation. De plus, en projection horizontale dans un plan horizontal de la roue 20, les sommets 33a et 34a, respectivement des déflecteurs 33 et 34, sont disposés sur un même rayon OX passant par le centre O de la roue 20, comme on le voit sur la figure 3.In the example shown, the lateral faces of the two deflectors 33 and 34 have a curvature determined so that the center of said curvatures coincides with the center O of the distributing wheel 20 on the axis of rotation. In addition, in horizontal projection in a horizontal plane of the wheel 20, the vertices 33a and 34a, respectively of the deflectors 33 and 34, are arranged on the same radius OX passing through the center O of the wheel 20, as seen on Figure 3.

Les faces latérales des deux déflecteurs 33 et 34 peuvent être également de forme plane et perpendiculaire au rayon OX.The lateral faces of the two deflectors 33 and 34 can also be of planar shape and perpendicular to the radius OX.

La palette 30 placée à la sortie du canal 23 est identique à la palette placée à la sortie du canal 22.The pallet 30 placed at the outlet of the channel 23 is identical to the pallet placed at the outlet of the channel 22.

Dans le cas où la roue distributrice 20 comporte deux canaux 22 et 23 opposés et symétriques, les sommets 33a et 34a des déflecteurs 33 et 34 de chaque palette sont situées sur un même diamètre XOX′ de ladite roue 20.In the case where the distributing wheel 20 has two opposite and symmetrical channels 22 and 23, the vertices 33a and 34a of the deflectors 33 and 34 of each pallet are located on the same diameter XOX ′ of said wheel 20.

Par ailleurs, la roue distributrice 20 comporte des moyens 40 (figure 2) pour régler le point de départ de la couche stable 28 d'autoprotection formée par les particules dans chaque canal 22 et 23. Ces moyens 40 sont constitués par un disque 41 solidaire en rotation avec le fond 27 et placé dans l'axe de la roue 20 au-dessous de la chambre d'alimentation 21. Ce disque 41 comporte en relief sur sa face supérieure des petits plots (42, 43, ...) en forme de secteurs de couronne circulaire.Furthermore, the distributing wheel 20 includes means 40 (FIG. 2) for adjusting the starting point of the stable self-protection layer 28 formed by the particles in each channel 22 and 23. These means 40 consist of a disc 41 secured in rotation with the bottom 27 and placed in the axis of the wheel 20 below the supply chamber 21. This disc 41 has in relief on its upper face small studs (42, 43, ...) in shape of circular crown sectors.

Le nombre des petits plots correspond au nombre de canaux ménagés dans la roue distributrice 20. Dans l'exemple représenté, la roue distributrice 20 étant munie de canaux symétriques, le disque 41 comporte donc deux petits plots 42 et 43 diamètralement opposés, le petit plot 42 correspondant au canal 22 et le petit plot 43 correspondant au canal 23.The number of small studs corresponds to the number of channels formed in the distributing wheel 20. In the example shown, the distributing wheel 20 being provided with symmetrical channels, the disc 41 therefore comprises two small studs 42 and 43 diametrically opposite, the small stud 42 corresponding to channel 22 and the small pad 43 corresponding to channel 23.

Le disque 41 est réglable en rotation de façon à modifier la position des petits plots 42 et 43 par rapport à l'entrée des canaux 22 et 23, ce qui permet de régler le point de départ de la couche d'autoprotection dans chaque canal en fonction de la granulométrie de la matière à traiter et des coefficients de frottement des matériaux en contact.The disc 41 is adjustable in rotation so as to modify the position of the small studs 42 and 43 relative to the inlet of the channels 22 and 23, which makes it possible to adjust the starting point of the self-protection layer in each channel in function of the particle size of the material to be treated and the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact.

Comme nous l'avons indiqué précédemment, au cours du fonctionnement du broyeur, il se produit dans chacun des canaux 22 et 23 un entassement 28 de particules jusqu'à ce que cet entassement dessine une courbe B de telle manière que cette courbe fixe de particules constitue donc une véritable protection des faces de guidage.As we have indicated previously, during the operation of the mill, there occurs in each of the channels 22 and 23 a accumulation 28 of particles until this accumulation draws a curve B in such a way that this fixed curve of particles therefore constitutes real protection for the guide faces.

Les particules introduites dans la chambre d'alimentation 21 forment également, au cours du fonctionnement du broyeur, un talus de particules 50 sur le second déflecteur 34 de chaque palette 30 qui prolonge la courbe B de la couche 28. La longueur de ce talus 50 dépend de la longueur du second déflecteur 34 qui est déterminée de telle sorte que l'épaisseur de la couche d'autoprotection des particules au niveau de l'extrémité 22b, 23b de chaque canal 22, 23 soit suffisante pour éviter l'usure de cette extrémité.The particles introduced into the feed chamber 21 also form, during the operation of the mill, an embankment of particles 50 on the second deflector 34 of each pallet 30 which extends the curve B of the layer 28. The length of this slope 50 depends on the length of the second deflector 34 which is determined so that the thickness of the particle self-protection layer at the end 22b, 23b of each channel 22, 23 is sufficient to avoid wear of this end.

Compte tenu de la forme triangulaire du second déflecteur, le talus 50 a la forme d'un dièdre incliné vers le haut déterminant deux demi-plans 50a et 50b d'intersection QT (figure 6).Given the triangular shape of the second deflector, the slope 50 has the shape of a dihedral tilted upwards determining two half-planes 50a and 50b of QT intersection (FIG. 6).

Sur le premier déflecteur 33, il se forme également, au-dessus du talus 50, un second talus 51 de particules. Grâce à la forme triangulaire du déflecteur 33, le talus 51 a la forme d'un dièdre incliné vers le haut déterminant deux demi-plans 51a et 51b d'intersection TS. Le demi-plan TSV du dièdre 51 détermine une couche limite de telle manière que la composante de sa normale en protection dans le plan de la roue 20 soit dans une direction sensiblement opposée au sens de rotation ω de ladite roue.On the first deflector 33, a second slope 51 of particles is also formed, above the slope 50. Thanks to the triangular shape of the deflector 33, the slope 51 has the shape of a dihedral upwardly inclined determining two half-planes 51a and 51b of intersection TS. The half-plane TSV of the dihedral 51 determines a boundary layer in such a way that the component of its normal protection in the plane of the wheel 20 is in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of rotation ω of said wheel.

Après la formation de la couche de protection 28 dans chaque canal 22, 23, et la formation des talus 50 et 51 sur les déflecteurs 33 et 34 de chaque palette 30, les particules de matière à traiter introduites par la chambre d'alimentation 21 de la roue distributrice 20 vont entrer en mouvement et glisser tout d'abord sur le matelas de particules prisonnières entre les courbes A et B.After the formation of the protective layer 28 in each channel 22, 23, and the formation of the slopes 50 and 51 on the deflectors 33 and 34 of each pallet 30, the particles of material to be treated introduced by the supply chamber 21 of the distributing wheel 20 will start to move and first slide on the mattress of trapped particles between curves A and B.

Lorsque les particules arrivent dans le demi-plan 50a du talus 50, grâce à la forme de ce talus, lesdites particules sont bloquées et changent de niveau et prennent la direction OX ce qui permet d'éviter une éjection directe de ces particules.When the particles arrive in the half-plane 50a of the slope 50, thanks to the shape of this slope, said particles are blocked and change level and take the direction OX, which makes it possible to avoid direct ejection of these particles.

Ensuite, les particules arrivent au niveau du point T sur le demi-plan TSV du talus 51. Etant donné que la composante de la normale du demi-plan TSV en projection dans le plan de la roue 20 est dans une direction sensiblement opposée au sens de rotation de ladite roue, l'effort de contact entre les particules et la roue dans le demi-plan TSV s'annule, les particules quittent ladite roue ce qui ne provoque pas d'usure de ces pièces.Then, the particles arrive at the point T on the half-plane TSV of the slope 51. Since the component of the normal of the half-plane TSV in projection in the plane of the wheel 20 is in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of rotation of said wheel, the contact force between the particles and the wheel in the TSV half-plane is canceled, the particles leave said wheel which does not cause wear of these parts.

De plus, la vitesse d'entrainement des particules obtenue par la rotation de la roue distributrice 20 étant nettement supérieure à la vitesse relative desdites particules dans le plan TSV, ladite vitesse relative est donc négligeable par rapport à ladite vitesse d'entrainement, si bien qu'à la sortie du plan TSV les particules reprennent une trajectoire horizontale et sont projetées sur la cible 8.In addition, the particle entrainment speed obtained by the rotation of the distributing wheel 20 being clearly greater than the relative speed of said particles in the TSV plane, said relative speed is therefore negligible compared to said entrainment speed, so that at the exit of the TSV plane the particles resume a horizontal trajectory and are projected on the target 8.

En fonction de la nature du produit à projeter et de la granulométrie du produit que l'on désire obtenir, la roue distributrice 20 doit tourner à une vitesse plus ou moins grande. Mais dans tous les cas, on obtiendra la création d'un matelas protecteur, car le plaquage des particules est indépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la roue.Depending on the nature of the product to be sprayed and on the grain size of the product which it is desired to obtain, the distributing wheel 20 must rotate at a greater or lesser speed. But in all cases, the creation of a protective mattress will be obtained, because the plating of the particles is independent of the speed of rotation of the wheel.

On réalise donc une autoprotection par le produit lui-même des canaux, de l'extrémité de ces canaux au niveau de l'orifice de sortie et de la palette, ce qui évite tout phénomène d'abrasion, tout en conservant une vitesse de rotation suffisante de la roue distributrice pour obtenir la granulométrie désirée.One thus carries out a self-protection by the product itself of the channels, of the end of these channels at the level of the outlet orifice and the pallet, which avoids any phenomenon of abrasion, while maintaining a speed of rotation sufficient of the distributor wheel to obtain the desired particle size.

D'autre part, en fonction du coefficient de frottement des matériaux en contact ainsi que de la granulométrie du matériau à traiter, on peut modifier la position des petits plots 42 et 43 en tournant dans un sens ou dans l'autre le disque 41 pour modifier le point de départ de la couche 28 dans les canaux 22 et 23 de façon à obtenir une position déterminée du point Q et créer au niveau des extrémités 22b, 23b des canaux un matelas protecteur suffisant pour éviter toute usure.On the other hand, depending on the coefficient of friction of the materials in contact as well as the particle size of the material to be treated, it is possible to modify the position of the small studs 42 and 43 by turning the disc 41 in one direction or the other to modify the starting point of the layer 28 in the channels 22 and 23 so as to obtain a determined position from the point Q and create at level of the ends 22b, 23b of the channels a protective mattress sufficient to avoid any wear.

Enfin, les déflecteurs 33 et 34 des palettes 30 peuvent être montés réglables transversalement et/ou verticalement pour modifier, en fonction des coefficients de frottement des matériaux en contact et de la granulométrie de la matière à traiter, la géométrie des talus 50 et 51 et la position du rayon OX et/ou OX′ par rapport aux extrémités 22b, 23b des canaux 22 et 23.Finally, the deflectors 33 and 34 of the pallets 30 can be mounted adjustable transversely and / or vertically to modify, as a function of the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact and the particle size of the material to be treated, the geometry of the slopes 50 and 51 and the position of the radius OX and / or OX ′ with respect to the ends 22b, 23b of the channels 22 and 23.

Les déflecteurs 33 et 34 sont facilement remplaçables et peuvent par exemple être exécutés en matériau très dur et résistant à l'abrasion.The deflectors 33 and 34 are easily replaceable and can, for example, be made of very hard and abrasion-resistant material.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit ; d'autres perfectionnements et des variantes peuvent être imaginés en restant dans le cadre de la protection revendiquée.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described; other improvements and variants can be imagined while remaining within the framework of the protection claimed.

En effet, au lieu d'utiliser des palettes comportant deux déflecteurs indépendants, ces deux déflecteurs peuvent être réalisés en une pièce unique. Il est également possible de prévoir des palettes solidaires avec le couvercle 26 de la roue, au lieu du fond 27, et d'orienter les sommets 33a et 34a des déflecteurs 33 et 34 vers le bas, l'éjection des particules se faisant dans ce cas au-dessous de la roue distributrice 20. Cette disposition présente des avantages. En effet, les particules broyées ne risquent pas de retomber sur le couvercle et, par suite, de provoquer une usure rapide et anormale dudit couvercle et de la périphérie de la roue.Indeed, instead of using pallets comprising two independent deflectors, these two deflectors can be produced in a single piece. It is also possible to provide pallets integral with the cover 26 of the wheel, instead of the bottom 27, and to orient the vertices 33a and 34a of the deflectors 33 and 34 downwards, the ejection of the particles taking place in this case below the distributor wheel 20. This arrangement has advantages. Indeed, the crushed particles are not likely to fall on the cover and, consequently, to cause rapid and abnormal wear of said cover and the periphery of the wheel.

Claims (12)

1. A wheel for a vacuum projection grinder adapted to be driven rotationally for the high-speed projection of a granular material onto a target (8), and comprising a cover (26) and a base (27) between which are provided a feed chamber (21) and a plurality of channels (22,23) oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said wheel (20) and leading outwards via outlet apertures (24,25), the guide faces (22a,23a) of said channels each having a curve A whose contour is calculated, in accordance with the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact, to cause a stable self-protective layer (28) consisting of the particles themselves to adhere to the curve A, and each outlet aperture (24,25) of the channels (22,23) relative to the direction of projection of the particles comprising an element consisting of a blade (30) which is rotationally integral with the wheel (20) and perpendicular to the plane of said wheel (20), characterised in that the blade (30) is provided with means (33,34) which ensure, beyond the end (22b,23b) of the guide face (22a,23a) of each channel (22,23) that self-protecting slopes (50,51) are formed, the geometry and inclination of which are determined in accordance with the coefficient of friction of the materials in contact and the particle size of the material being treated, these slopes making it possible, on the one hand, to create a protective cushion consisting of the particles themselves, level with the end (22b,23b) of the guide face (22a,23a) of each channel (22,23), and extending the stable self protective layer (28), and on the other hand to eliminate the contact force between the particles and the wheel (20) before the ejection and projection of said particles onto the target (8).
2. A wheel according to claim 1, characterised in that the means on the blade (30) for forming slopes (50,51) consist of two juxtaposed deflectors (33,34) of triangular shape and of different heights.
3. A wheel according to claim 2, characterised in that in projection in the plane of the distributor wheel (20), the apexes (33a,34a) of the respective triangular deflectors (33,34) are on the same radius OX passing through the centre O of said wheel and situated downstream of the end (22b,23b) of the guide face (22a,23a) of each channel (22,23) in relation to the direction followed by the particles inside the distributor wheel (20).
4. A wheel according to claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the side faces of the triangular deflectors (33,34) have a determined curvature the centre of which coincides with the centre O of the distributor wheel (20) on the axis of rotation.
5. A wheel according to claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the side faces of the triangular deflectors (33,34) are planar in shape and are at right angles to the radius of the distributor wheel passing through the apexes (33a,34a) of said deflectors.
6. A wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the slopes of particles (50,51) formed by the two deflectors (33,34) are situated one above the other and are both in the form of a dihedron respectively defining two half-planes (50a,50b; 51a,51b) whose respective intersections QT and TS are situated in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the distributor wheel (20) and passing through the apexes (33a,34a) of the two triangular deflectors (33,34).
7. A wheel according to claim 6, characterised in that the half-plane (51a) of the slope (51) defines a stable boundary layer of particles whose component of its normal in projection in the plane of the distributor wheel (20) is in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of rotation of said wheel.
8. A wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the blade (30) is integral with or fastened to the base (27) of the distributor wheel (20) and the apexes (33a,34a) of the deflectors (33,34) are directed upwards in relation to the plane of said wheel.
9. A wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the blade (30) is integral with or fastened to the cover (26) of the distributor wheel (20) and the apexes (33a,34a) of the deflectors (33,34) are directed downwards in relation to the plane of said wheel.
10. A wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transverse and/or vertical position of the deflectors (33,34) is adjustable in accordance with the particle size of the material to be treated.
11. A wheel according to claim 1, characterised in that the distributor wheel (20) is provided with means (40) for adjusting the starting point of the stable selfprotective layer (28) formed by the particles in each channel (22,23) depending on the coefficients of friction of the materials in contact and on the particle size of the material to be treated.
12. A wheel according to claim 11, characterised in that the means (40) consist of a disc (41) fixed for rotation with the distributor wheel (20) and located on the axis of said wheel below the feed chamber (21), said disc (42) being provided on its upper face with small raised studs (42,43,...) in the shape of sectors of a circular crown.
EP87400175A 1986-02-10 1987-01-26 Impeller for a vacuum impact crusher Expired - Lifetime EP0233812B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87400175T ATE67691T1 (en) 1986-02-10 1987-01-26 BLAST WHEEL FOR IMPACT CRUSHERS WORKING UNDER VACUUM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8601774 1986-02-10
FR8601774A FR2594048B1 (en) 1986-02-10 1986-02-10 VACUUM PROJECTION GRINDER WHEEL.

Publications (3)

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EP0233812A2 EP0233812A2 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0233812A3 EP0233812A3 (en) 1989-01-04
EP0233812B1 true EP0233812B1 (en) 1991-09-25

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US (1) US4738403A (en)
EP (1) EP0233812B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1009439B (en)
AT (1) ATE67691T1 (en)
AU (1) AU594116B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1264555A (en)
DE (1) DE3773224D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2594048B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA87911B (en)

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US3174697A (en) * 1962-07-30 1965-03-23 Adams Engineering Impeller
US3970257A (en) * 1972-10-05 1976-07-20 Macdonald George James Apparatus for reducing the size of discrete material
FR2283726A2 (en) * 1974-09-06 1976-04-02 Air Liquide Rotary mill for fragmenting plastics materials - with vane profile modified to minimise friction and erosion losses
FR2412348A1 (en) * 1977-12-20 1979-07-20 Creusot Loire Centrifugal pulveriser projecting particles onto blade targets - which pivot to present opposite faces to particles depending on rotational direction of centrifuge
NZ201190A (en) * 1982-08-07 1986-07-11 Barmac Ass Ltd Additional wear tip for rotary mineral breaker
FR2577445B1 (en) * 1985-02-15 1988-05-27 Framatome Sa SOLID PARTICLE PROJECTION DEVICE FOR VACUUM CENTRIFUGAL CRUSHER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU594116B2 (en) 1990-03-01
AU6827187A (en) 1987-08-13
US4738403A (en) 1988-04-19
ATE67691T1 (en) 1991-10-15
EP0233812A2 (en) 1987-08-26
CN87101899A (en) 1987-09-02
FR2594048B1 (en) 1988-05-27
EP0233812A3 (en) 1989-01-04
CA1264555A (en) 1990-01-23
ZA87911B (en) 1987-09-30
CN1009439B (en) 1990-09-05
FR2594048A1 (en) 1987-08-14
DE3773224D1 (en) 1991-10-31

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