EP0233433A1 - Method for making a material from synthetic fibres, and material so obtained - Google Patents
Method for making a material from synthetic fibres, and material so obtained Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0233433A1 EP0233433A1 EP86402954A EP86402954A EP0233433A1 EP 0233433 A1 EP0233433 A1 EP 0233433A1 EP 86402954 A EP86402954 A EP 86402954A EP 86402954 A EP86402954 A EP 86402954A EP 0233433 A1 EP0233433 A1 EP 0233433A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- subjected
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- cut
- fibres
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/55—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
- B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B68G1/00—Loose filling materials for upholstery
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the process for manufacturing a new material of synthetic fibers, in particular for the filling or stuffing, for example of mattresses and seats, composed of entangled and agglomerated textile fibers, preferably presented in the form of a strip with cut, whose thickness, density and resistance to pressure can be varied.
- the present invention also relates to the new material obtained by this process.
- Articles based on metal reinforcement can be difficult to clean, disinfect and repair and are practically non-recyclable.
- Foam-based items can optionally be washed and disinfected, but to the detriment of their lifespan and their characteristics of use.
- Articles made from animal or vegetable fibers can be recycled, washed, disinfected. But they have several disadvantages, namely: - an artisanal production, therefore expensive; - high weight, they are therefore difficult to handle; - significant water retention, and, as a result, molds develop easily; - sensitivity to parasites (mites, spiders, etc.), to dermatophoids (mites); - cleaning requires long and costly operations; - at disinfection temperatures above 130 ° C, degradation of the fibers occurs.
- the invention now aims to provide a filling material that can be manufactured industrially, light, rot-proof, washable, insensitive to parasites, not very sensitive to degradation by ultraviolet radiation and to aging, permeable to air, of excellent adiathermic power, and capable of being disinfected at effective temperatures without damaging the material.
- Such synthetic fibers are in the form of an eccentric structure, the threads constituting these fibers adhering intimately to each other over their entire length.
- These multi-constituent fibers have a high helical crimp potential and, after development, they retain crimp particularly well, despite exposure to elongation forces and high temperatures.
- the crimping potential is due to the different shrinkage capacities of the synthetic materials constituting the threads, the number of crimps per centimeter being in direct relation to the difference in shrinkage of the constituents.
- % extension x 100, or : A is the crystal recurrence distance, and, B is the molecular recurrence distance.
- a and B can be measured according to known techniques.
- A is measured directly on the fiber using X-rays, and B using a molecular model. These methods have been described in detail in French Patent No. 1 442 768, page 4.
- any of the materials used up to now for the production of fibers, simple or composite, may be used, within the limits mentioned above.
- a preferred group, for the two constituents, is formed by the condensation polymers and copolymers, for example polyesters, polyamides and polysulfonamides, and in particular those which can easily be spun in the molten state. Polyesters and polyamides are preferred cited in French Patent No. 1,442,768, at the end of page 3 and top of page 4.
- a two-component fiber which is also very suitable, in the context of the present invention, is one in which one of the constituents is polyethylene terephthalate, optionally partially crosslinked, and the other constituent is partially crosslinked polybutylene terephthalate .
- This fiber has been described in French Patent No. 2,245,788.
- the preferred two-component fiber is that made up jointly of polybutanediol terephthalate and polyethylene glycol terephthalate.
- the title of the composite fiber is generally chosen between 3 and 20 decitex, depending on the elastic recovery characteristics desired for the finished product; the thicker the fibers, the greater the compressive strength of the finished product.
- the fibers of the type described above are marketed after having already received a heat treatment developing crimps.
- these are not suitable for the invention, because the average diameter of the deformations is too large (between 0.5 and 3 mm approximately), and their number per cm (3 to 5) is too small.
- crimps according to the invention can be carried out, as indicated above, either thermally or mechanically.
- the heat treatment is carried out by exposing the fibers, without these being subjected to any tensile force, to a heat source making it possible to bring them to a temperature between 130 and 250 ° C.
- the formation of crimps is then due to the differential expansion of the two fibers.
- the temperature of this treatment is chosen so that it is lower than the lowest softening temperature of the components of the fiber chosen to avoid, at this stage, sticking between the fibers.
- the fibers are subjected to a drawing whose rate is between 1.10 and 2.00, that is to say an elongation between 10 and 100%.
- This treatment is advantageously carried out on a cracker (for example, a Seydel type cracker), adjusted so as to stretch, and not to crack the fibers.
- the cracks thus produced either chemically or mechanically, have a diameter of between 0.1 and 0.5 mm approximately, and their number is approximately 20 to 70 per cm.
- the fibers are cut to a length such that the developed length is more than about 5 mm, but does not exceed about 120 mm.
- the mass of short fibers thus obtained can be subjected to the following treatment as it is, or else be mixed beforehand with hot adhesive fibers, having no crimping potential, but which have a softening temperature below about 205 ° C. .
- the purpose of incorporating these fibers is to vary the degree of cohesion of the finished product.
- binder fibers can be single component (for example, a copolyester), or two component. In the latter case, these fibers consist of a core and an envelope having different melting temperatures.
- a material having a melting point in the above-mentioned range while the core is constituted by a material whose melting point is much higher; it thus retains its oriented structure and serves as a solid support for the various bonding points.
- the fibers are chosen taking into account the following factors: - the binding fibers must not at any time adhere to the apparatus used, -they must give the finished product sufficient strength in tension and / or compression, - their cost price must be as low as possible.
- fibers which are suitable in the context of the invention, the following may be cited: - 100% polyester fiber ("Mely” type, Unitika, Japan “Diolen” type, Enka “Dacron” type Dupont de Nemours) -Fiber produced with a co-polymer containing 40 to 97% of chloride, of vinyl, the complement being of vinyl acetate (ex. Wacker MP) -Polypropylene fiber (ex.
- the mass of the cut fibers is deposited in the form of a sheet by means of wheel loaders on an apron carrying a working material.
- the working device used for the treatment of the fibrous web coming from the previous stage comprises at least one sawtooth drum.
- the action of these drums transforms the fibrous sheet into a characteristic flakey material having good homogeneity.
- the drums of the processing device have a sawtooth type V5 LAR with 198 teeth per square decimetre.
- the angle of attack of these teeth is 70 °, their height is 8.5 mm and the pitch between two teeth is 9.9 mm.
- the characteristic appearance of the flocculent material according to the invention is obtained by making at least a thousand teeth strokes per gram of material.
- the mass of flocculent material is brought to a conventional volumetric loader, in which the mass is put in the form of a thick sheet where the fibers are intermingled without no preferential direction.
- the thickness and density of this ply can be adjusted, in a known manner, by means of respectively adjusting the spacing of the delivery cylinders of the loader and their relative speed with respect to the transport system.
- the sheet leaving the volumetric loader is subjected to a heat-bonding treatment.
- This treatment consists in softening part of the fibers by heating the sheet to a temperature above about 205 °, in the case where there has been no addition of "neutral" fibers, that is to say without potential for crimping, and at a temperature below 205 ° C in the case where the web contains hot adhesive neutral fibers.
- the sheet is conducted on a conventional train with circulation of hot air; the passage of hot air through the sheet has the effect of a uniform heat transfer throughout its thickness.
- the sheet is conveyed either on an apron or on perforated drums through which the hot air circulates, by force, by vacuum.
- the temperature is adjusted as indicated in the previous paragraph and the speed of movement of the material is adjusted so that the sheet remains for the required time in the dryer.
- an agglomerated product of textile materials light, economical, adaptable to various uses such as padding and padding, filtration, acoustic, sound or thermal insulation, the product having moreover a spongy character.
- the product according to the invention can be washed and disinfected thermally, it is rot-proof, insensitive to parasites, permeable to air and it has excellent adiathermic power. It is not very sensitive to degradation by ultraviolet radiation and to aging. In the event that the initial characteristics are modified by compaction for the pronlogged use, they can be found by subjecting the sheet to a flow of saturated vapor.
- This cable made up of 6.7 decitex filaments, first follows an embarrassment of 10 baffles before arriving on the stretching train of a SEYDEL cracker: type 670/671 S model 15208.
- the cable only passes through the first, second and third drum.
- the gaps are 500 mm and 1680 mm respectively.
- the cable consequently undergoes two successive stretchings, one of ratio 35/29 the other of 29/24, that is to say an overall stretch of 35/24.
- the pressure cylinders are filled with "Vulcollan” with a thickness of 15 mm.
- the hardness of these coatings is greater than 80 ° d shore.
- the hot plates fitted to this cracker are not used, the cylinder cooling system works.
- the cable At the outlet of the last cylinder, the cable is released under the lowest possible tension. Thus stretched, then relaxed, the cable has a titer close to 200 kilotex;
- a transport fan then sends this mixture in fluff into the reserve box of a conventional volumetric chimney, in this case brand "Heinrich JENNES", type KSF 2000.
- the distance between the delivery cylinders is 14.3
- the amplitude of variation of the vibrating plate is 60 mm; the frequency of the order of 1.5 Herts.
- the width of the fibrous web thus formed is 2000 mm.
- An apron brings this at a speed of 0.5 m per minute to a Fleissner drum dryer, type T 3407, modified as follows: the number of drums has been reduced to 4, including two heaters and two coolers.
- the distance between the drums is 32 mm, their diameter 1414 mm.
- the dryer is equipped with a direct gas burner.
- the fans of the heating drums are fitted with variable speed drives.
- the product thus produced is, on leaving the dryer, wound on a mandrel and thus forms a roll.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La presente invention se réfère au procédé de fabrication d'un nouveau matériau en fibres synthétiques, notamment pour le garnissage ou le rembourrage, par exemple de matelas et de sièges, composé de fibres textiles enchevêtrées et agglomérées, présenté de préférence sous forme de bande à découper, dont l'épaisseur, la densité et la résistance à la pression peuvent être variées.The present invention relates to the process for manufacturing a new material of synthetic fibers, in particular for the filling or stuffing, for example of mattresses and seats, composed of entangled and agglomerated textile fibers, preferably presented in the form of a strip with cut, whose thickness, density and resistance to pressure can be varied.
La présente invention se rapporte également au nouveau matériau obtenu selon ce procédé.The present invention also relates to the new material obtained by this process.
Les nombreux matériaux existants utilisés dans les procédés de garnissage ou de rembourrage peuvent être classés en trois catégories importantes :
- a) Ceux à base de fibres animales ou végétales pures ou en mélange entre elles ou avec des fibres chimiques ;
- b) ceux à base de mousse naturelle ou surtout synthétique. La mousse de garnissage est utilisée soit seule, soit emprissonnée dans des matières textiles de garnissage, généralement de caractéristiques différentes sur chaque face.
- c) ceux à base d'armatures métalliques formant ressorts. Les ressorts sont emprisonnés dans des matières textiles de garnissage, en association ou non avec de minces plaques de mousee. Comme pour la catégorie mousse, chaque face peut présenter des caractéristiques différentes.
- a) Those based on pure animal or vegetable fibers or in a mixture with one another or with chemical fibers;
- b) those based on natural or especially synthetic foam. The filling foam is used either alone or trapped in textile filling materials, generally with different characteristics on each side.
- c) those based on metal reinforcements forming springs. The springs are trapped in textile lining materials, whether or not in association with thin mouse plates. As for the foam category, each side can have characteristics different.
Il est à noter que les problèmes rencontrés à l'usage des produits fabriqués à l'aide des matériaux ci-dessus mentionnés sont différents en fonction de la catégorie à laquelle appartiennent ces matériaux. On peut citer notamment les suivants :It should be noted that the problems encountered with the use of products manufactured using the materials mentioned above are different depending on the category to which these materials belong. We can cite in particular the following:
Les articles à base d'armatures métalliques peuvent être difficilement nettoyés, désinfectés et réparés et sont pratiquement non recyclables.Articles based on metal reinforcement can be difficult to clean, disinfect and repair and are practically non-recyclable.
Les articles à base de mousse peuvent éventuellement être lavés et désinfectés, mais au détriment de leur durée de vie et de leurs caractéristiques d'utilisation.Foam-based items can optionally be washed and disinfected, but to the detriment of their lifespan and their characteristics of use.
Les articles à base de fibres animales ou végétales peuvent être recyclés, lavés, désinféctés. Mais ils ont plusieurs inconvénients, à savoir :
- une fabrication artisanale, donc onéreuse ;
- un poids élevé, ils sont de ce fait difficiles à manipuler ;
- une rétention d'eau importante, et, de ce fait, les moisissures se développent facilement ;
- une sensibilité aux parasites (mites, araignées, etc...), aux dermatophoïdes (acariens) ;
- leur nettoyage nécessite des opérations longues et coûteuses ;
- à des températures de désinfection supérieures à 130°C, il se produit une dégradation des fibres.Articles made from animal or vegetable fibers can be recycled, washed, disinfected. But they have several disadvantages, namely:
- an artisanal production, therefore expensive;
- high weight, they are therefore difficult to handle;
- significant water retention, and, as a result, molds develop easily;
- sensitivity to parasites (mites, spiders, etc.), to dermatophoids (mites);
- cleaning requires long and costly operations;
- at disinfection temperatures above 130 ° C, degradation of the fibers occurs.
Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, l'invention a maintenant pour but de pourvoir à un matériau de garnissage pouvant être fabriqué industriellement, léger, imputrescible, lavable, insensible aux parasites, peu sensible à la dégradation par rayonnement ultraviolet et au vieillissement, perméable à l'air, d'un excellent pouvoir adiathermique, et pouvant être désinfecté aux températures efficaces sans détériorer le matériau.To overcome these drawbacks, the invention now aims to provide a filling material that can be manufactured industrially, light, rot-proof, washable, insensitive to parasites, not very sensitive to degradation by ultraviolet radiation and to aging, permeable to air, of excellent adiathermic power, and capable of being disinfected at effective temperatures without damaging the material.
L'invention a par conséquent pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en fibres synthétiques enchevêtrées et agglomérées, pouvant etre utilisé notamment pour le rembourrage ou le garnissage de meubles et de literie, à partir de fibres synthétiques de type connu à plusieurs constituants, se présentant sous la forme d'une structure excentrée, les fils constituant ces fibres adhérant intimement les uns aux autres sur toute leur longueur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les stades suivants :
- a) on développe la frisure des fibres à plusieurs constituants ;
- b) on coupe les fibres frisées en morceaux ;
- c) on mélange les fibres coupées avec des fibres liantes coupées ;
- d) on dépose le mélange de façon connue sous la forme d'une nappe;
- e) on soumet la nappe à l'action d'un appareil d'ouvraison, pour la transformer en une masse de matière floconneuse ;
- f) la matière floconneuse est mise, sous forme d'une nappe d'épaisseur souhaitée, dans une chargeuse volumétrique conventionnelle ;
- g) la nappe est soumise à un traitement de thermoliaison au moyen d'air chaud.
- a) the crimping of fibers with several constituents is developed;
- b) the crimped fibers are cut into pieces;
- c) the cut fibers are mixed with cut binder fibers;
- d) the mixture is deposited in a known manner in the form of a sheet;
- e) the web is subjected to the action of a processing device, to transform it into a mass of flaky material;
- f) the flaky material is placed, in the form of a sheet of desired thickness, in a conventional volumetric loader;
- g) the sheet is subjected to a heat-bonding treatment by means of hot air.
Elle s'étend également au produit obtenu selon ce procédé.It also extends to the product obtained by this process.
En tenant compte de la caractéristique principale que l'on cherchait à donner au nouveau matériau, c'est-à-dire un bon pouvoir d'absorption de déformations avec un retour à la forme initiale, et ce, sans que le matériau manifeste des phénomènes de fatigue prohibitifs pour les applications envisagées, surtout pour la fabrication de matelas et autres produits mettant en oeuvre un matériau de garnissage ou de rembourrage, on a découvert que les fibres synthétiques à deux ou à plusieurs constituants peuvent être traitées selon le procédé de l'invention pour obtenir un matériau présentant les propriétés ci-dessus énoncées.By taking into account the main characteristic which one sought to give to the new material, that is to say a good capacity of absorption of deformations with a return to the initial form, and this, without the material manifest prohibitive fatigue phenomena for the envisaged applications, especially for the manufacture of mattresses and other products using a filling or padding material, it has been discovered that synthetic fibers with two or more constituents can be treated according to the process of the invention for obtaining a material having the properties stated above.
De telles fibres synthétiques se présentent sous la forme d'une structure excentrée, les fils constituant ces fibres adhérant intimement les uns aux autres sur toute leur longueur. Ces fibres à constituants multiples présentent un potentiel de frisage hélicoïdal élevé et, après développement, elles conservent particulièrement bien la frisure, malgré l'exposition à des efforts d'allongement et à des températures élevées.Such synthetic fibers are in the form of an eccentric structure, the threads constituting these fibers adhering intimately to each other over their entire length. These multi-constituent fibers have a high helical crimp potential and, after development, they retain crimp particularly well, despite exposure to elongation forces and high temperatures.
Le potentiel de frisage est dû à des capacités différentes de rétrécissement des matières synthétiques constituant les fils, le nombre de frisures par centimètre étant en rapport direct avec la différence de rétrécissement des constituants.The crimping potential is due to the different shrinkage capacities of the synthetic materials constituting the threads, the number of crimps per centimeter being in direct relation to the difference in shrinkage of the constituents.
Ces différences de rétrécissement sont le fait de différences de constitution, au niveau moléculaire, des matières synthétiques constituant les fils, et, à cet égard, le paramètre "pourcentage d'extension" joue un rôle important.These differences in shrinkage are due to differences in the constitution, at the molecular level, of the synthetic materials constituting the threads, and, in this respect, the parameter "percentage of extension" plays an important role.
Ce paramètre est défini de la façon suivante :
% d'extension = x 100,
où :
A est la distance de récurrence cristalline, et,
B est la distance de récurrence moléculaire.This parameter is defined as follows:
% extension = x 100,
or :
A is the crystal recurrence distance, and,
B is the molecular recurrence distance.
Les grandeurs A et B peuvent être mesurées selon des techniques connues. A est mesuré directement sur la fibre à l'aide de rayons X, et B à l'aide d'un modèle molévulaire. Ces méthodes ont été décrites plus en détail dans le brevet français no 1.442 768, page 4.The quantities A and B can be measured according to known techniques. A is measured directly on the fiber using X-rays, and B using a molecular model. These methods have been described in detail in French Patent No. 1 442 768, page 4.
Il a été décrit dans ce même brevet français que, pour qu'un fil à plusieurs constituants présente une bonne aptitude au frisage, il faut que l'un au moins des constituants ait un pourcentage d'extension100 ≦ 90 et que l'un au moins des autres constituants ait avantageusement un pourcentage d'extension : 100 ≧ 90. Il convient de faire remarquer à cet égard que, pour un polymère entièrement étendu, le rapport est égal à 1.It has been described in this same French patent that, for a wire with several constituents to have good crimpability, it is necessary that at least one of the constituents has a percentage of extension 100 ≦ 90 and that at least one of the other constituents advantageously has a percentage of extension: 100 ≧ 90. It should be noted in this regard that, for a fully extended polymer, the ratio is equal to 1.
Pour la fabrication de ces fibres à deux ou plusieurs constituants, on peut utiliser, dans les limites ci-dessus mentionnées, l'une quelconque des matières utilisées jusqu'à présent pour l'obtention de fibres, simples ou composites.For the manufacture of these fibers with two or more constituents, any of the materials used up to now for the production of fibers, simple or composite, may be used, within the limits mentioned above.
Un groupe préférentiel, pour les deux constituants, est formé par les polymères et copolymères de condensation, par exemple les polyesters, les polyamides et les polysulfonamides, et en particulier ceux qu'on peut facilement filer à l'état fondu. Des polyesters et polyamides préférentiels sont cités dans le brevet français no 1 442 768, à la fin de la page 3 et au début de la page 4.A preferred group, for the two constituents, is formed by the condensation polymers and copolymers, for example polyesters, polyamides and polysulfonamides, and in particular those which can easily be spun in the molten state. Polyesters and polyamides are preferred cited in French Patent No. 1,442,768, at the end of page 3 and top of page 4.
Une fibre à deux constituants qui convient également très bien, dans le cadre de la présente invention, est celle dont l'un des constituants est le polytéréphtalate d'éthylène, éventuellement partiellement réticulé, et l'autre constituant est le polytéréphtalate de butylène partiellement réticulé. Cette fibre a été décrite dans le brevet français no 2 245 788.A two-component fiber which is also very suitable, in the context of the present invention, is one in which one of the constituents is polyethylene terephthalate, optionally partially crosslinked, and the other constituent is partially crosslinked polybutylene terephthalate . This fiber has been described in French Patent No. 2,245,788.
La fibre préférée à deux constituants est celle composée conjointement par le polytéréphtalate de butanediol et le polytéréphtalate de diéthylène glycol.The preferred two-component fiber is that made up jointly of polybutanediol terephthalate and polyethylene glycol terephthalate.
Bien que plusieurs formes de superposition des deux fils soient possibles (voir par exemple les Figures 4, 5 et 6 du brevet français no 1 442 768), les fibres composites présenteront dans le cadre de l'invention en général la forme à circonférence circulaire conformément à celle représentée dans la Figure 6 du brevet précité. La forme de l'interface (vue en coupe) est plus ou moins convexe-concave, en fonction des viscosités des polymères.While several forms of superposition of the two son are possible (see e.g. Figures 4, 5 and 6 of French Patent No. 1,442,768), the composite fibers present in the framework of the invention generally in the form of circular circumference in accordance with that shown in Figure 6 of the aforementioned patent. The shape of the interface (section view) is more or less convex-concave, depending on the viscosities of the polymers.
Pour la mise oeuvre de l'invention, on choisit en général le titre de la fibre composite entre 3 et 20 décitex, en fonction des caractéristiques de récupération élastique souhaitées pour le produit fini ; plus les fibres sont épaisses, plus la résistance à la compression du produit fini est grande.For the implementation of the invention, the title of the composite fiber is generally chosen between 3 and 20 decitex, depending on the elastic recovery characteristics desired for the finished product; the thicker the fibers, the greater the compressive strength of the finished product.
Afin de développer la frisure des fibres ci-dessus décrites, on les soumet à une source de chaleur ou à un étirage. Dans les deux cas, le comportement différent des deux matières constituantes, sous l'effet thermique dans un cas et sous l'effet des forces de traction dans l'autre cas, a pour effet le déveoppement de déformations tridimensionnelles se présentant, par exemple, sous la forme d'ondulations, de torsions, ou de frisures. Bien entendu, ces formes étant dues à des forces non contrôlables, elles ne répondent pas à des critères précis, et les indications ci-dessus sont données uniquement pour mieux comprendre la nature des déformations conférées à ces fibres.In order to develop the crimp of the fibers described above, they are subjected to a heat source or to drawing. In both cases, the different behavior of the two constituent materials, under the thermal effect in one case and under the effect of the tensile forces in the other case, results in the development of three-dimensional deformations occurring for example, in the form of ripples, twists, or crimps. Of course, these forms being due to uncontrollable forces, they do not meet precise criteria, and the above indications are given solely to better understand the nature of the deformations imparted to these fibers.
En général, les fibres du type ci-dessus décrit sont commercialisées après avoir déjà reçu un traitement thermique développant des frisures. Cependant, celles-ci ne conviennent pas pour l'invention, car le diamètre moyen des déformations est trop grand (entre 0,5 et 3 mm environ), et leur nombre par cm (3 à 5) est trop faible.In general, the fibers of the type described above are marketed after having already received a heat treatment developing crimps. However, these are not suitable for the invention, because the average diameter of the deformations is too large (between 0.5 and 3 mm approximately), and their number per cm (3 to 5) is too small.
Le développement des frisures selon l'invention peut être réalisé, comme indiqué ci-dessus, soit par voie thermique, soit par voie mécanique.The development of crimps according to the invention can be carried out, as indicated above, either thermally or mechanically.
Le traitement thermique s'effectue en exposant les fibres, sans que celles-ci soient soumises à aucune force de traction, à une source de chaleur permettant de les porter à une température comprise entre 130 et 250°C. La formation des frisures est alors due à la dilatation différentielle des deux fibres.The heat treatment is carried out by exposing the fibers, without these being subjected to any tensile force, to a heat source making it possible to bring them to a temperature between 130 and 250 ° C. The formation of crimps is then due to the differential expansion of the two fibers.
On choisit la température de ce traitement de telle façon qu'elle soit inférieure à la température de ramollissement la plus basse des composants de la fibre choisie pour éviter, à ce stade, un collage entre les fibres.The temperature of this treatment is chosen so that it is lower than the lowest softening temperature of the components of the fiber chosen to avoid, at this stage, sticking between the fibers.
Pour obtenir une frisure au moyen d'un traitement mécanique, on soumet les fibres à un étirage dont le taux est compris entre 1,10 et 2,00, c'est-à-dire à une allongement compris entre 10 et 100 %. Ce traitement est avantageusement effectué sur une craqueuse (par exemple, une craqueuse du type Seydel), réglée de manière à étirer, et non à craquer les fibres.To obtain a crimp by means of a mechanical treatment, the fibers are subjected to a drawing whose rate is between 1.10 and 2.00, that is to say an elongation between 10 and 100%. This treatment is advantageously carried out on a cracker (for example, a Seydel type cracker), adjusted so as to stretch, and not to crack the fibers.
Les firsures ainsi produites, soit par voie chimique, soit par voie mécanique, présentent un diamètre compris entre 0.1 et 0,5 mm environ, et leur nombre est d'environ 20 à 70 par cm.The cracks thus produced, either chemically or mechanically, have a diameter of between 0.1 and 0.5 mm approximately, and their number is approximately 20 to 70 per cm.
Après l'achèvement du développement des frisures, les fibres sont coupées à une longueur telle que la longueur développée soit supérieure à 5 mm environ, mais ne dépasse pas 120 mm environ.After completion of the crimp development, the fibers are cut to a length such that the developed length is more than about 5 mm, but does not exceed about 120 mm.
La masse de fibres courtes ainsi obtenue peut être soumise au traitement suivant telle quelle, ou bien être mélangée auparavant avec des fibres adhésives à chaud, n'ayant pas de potentiel de frisage, mais qui présentent une température de ramollissement inférieure à 205°C environ. Le but de l'incorporation de ces fibres est de faire varier le degré de cohesion du produit fini.The mass of short fibers thus obtained can be subjected to the following treatment as it is, or else be mixed beforehand with hot adhesive fibers, having no crimping potential, but which have a softening temperature below about 205 ° C. . The purpose of incorporating these fibers is to vary the degree of cohesion of the finished product.
Ces fibres liantes peuvent être à composant unique (par exemple, un copolyester), ou à deux composants. Dans le dernier cas, ces fibres sont constituées d'une âme et d'une enveloppe ayant des températures de fusion différentes. On choisit, pour l'enveloppe de ces fibres, une matière ayant un point de fusion dans le domaine ci-desus indiqué, tandis que l'âme est constituée par une matière dont le point de fusion est beaucoup plus élevé ; elle conserve ainsi sa structure orientée et sert de support solide aux différentes points de collage.These binder fibers can be single component (for example, a copolyester), or two component. In the latter case, these fibers consist of a core and an envelope having different melting temperatures. One chooses, for the envelope of these fibers, a material having a melting point in the above-mentioned range, while the core is constituted by a material whose melting point is much higher; it thus retains its oriented structure and serves as a solid support for the various bonding points.
Les fibres sont choisies en prenant en considération les facteurs suivants :
- les fibres liantes ne doivent à aucun moment adhérer à l'appareillage utilisé,
-elles doivent conférer au produit fini une solidité suffisante à la traction et/ou à la compression,
- leur prix de revient doit être le plus bas possible.The fibers are chosen taking into account the following factors:
- the binding fibers must not at any time adhere to the apparatus used,
-they must give the finished product sufficient strength in tension and / or compression,
- their cost price must be as low as possible.
Il n'y a aucun critère de préférence relatif au choix entre les fibres à composant unique et celles à deux composants. Le choix dépendra des disponibilités et des prix dans le commerce.There is no preference criterion relating to the choice between single-component and two-component fibers. The choice will depend on availability and prices in the trade.
A titre d'exemples de fibres qui conviennent dans le cadre de l'invention, on peut citer les suivantes :
- Fibre de polyester à 100 % (type "Mely", Unitika, Japon type "Diolen", Enka type "Dacron" Dupont de Nemours)
-Fibre réalisée avec un co-polymère contenant de 40 à 97 % de chlorure, de vinyle, le complément étant de l'acétate de vinyle (ex. Wacker MP)
-Fibre de polypropylène (ex. "Méraklon", Fabelta)
- Fibre de polyéthylène (ex. "Mitsui", )
- Fibre de carbure de silicium (ex. "Mitsui")
- Fibre à deux composants : polyamide 66/polyamide 6
- Fibre de polyester non étirée, amorphe
- Fibre de polypropylène entouré de polyéthylène (ex. Danakon ES)
- Fibre de polyamide (ex. Grilon type S 28)
- Fibre à deux composants polypropylène et polyéthylène
- Fibre de chlorofibre (ex. Thémovyl LX ou ZC)
- Fibre composée de fibranne ou viscose
- Fibre à deux composants polyester et polyéthylène (30-70 % à 80-20 %) type Diolen 56 Enka.As examples of fibers which are suitable in the context of the invention, the following may be cited:
- 100% polyester fiber ("Mely" type, Unitika, Japan "Diolen" type, Enka "Dacron" type Dupont de Nemours)
-Fiber produced with a co-polymer containing 40 to 97% of chloride, of vinyl, the complement being of vinyl acetate (ex. Wacker MP)
-Polypropylene fiber (ex. "Méraklon", Fabelta)
- Polyethylene fiber (eg "Mitsui",)
- Silicon carbide fiber (eg "Mitsui")
- Two-component fiber: polyamide 66 / polyamide 6
- Unstretched, amorphous polyester fiber
- Polypropylene fiber surrounded by polyethylene (eg Danakon ES)
- Polyamide fiber (eg Grilon type S 28)
- Two-component polypropylene and polyethylene fiber
- Chlorofiber fiber (eg Thémovyl LX or ZC)
- Fiber composed of fibranne or viscose
- Two-component polyester and polyethylene fiber (30-70% to 80-20%) type Diolen 56 Enka.
Cette sélection n'est pas limitative et, à l'aide des indications fournies dans la présente description, l'homme du métier pourra facilement apprécier l'aptitude d'autres fibres à être utilisées comme fibres adhésives.This selection is not limiting and, using the indications provided in this description, the skilled person can easily appreciate the ability of other fibers to be used as adhesive fibers.
Après avoir effectué le cas échéant le mélange avec les fibres liantes, la masse des fibres coupées est déposée sous la forme d'une nappe au moyen de chargeuses-peseuses sur tablier conduisant un matériau d'ouvraison.After having carried out, where appropriate, the mixing with the binder fibers, the mass of the cut fibers is deposited in the form of a sheet by means of wheel loaders on an apron carrying a working material.
L'appareil d'ouvraison utilisé pour le traitement de la nappe fibreuse issue du stade précédent comporte au moins un tambour à dents de scie. L'action de ces tambours transforme la nappe fibreuse en une matière floconeuse caractéristiques présentant une bonne homogénéité.The working device used for the treatment of the fibrous web coming from the previous stage comprises at least one sawtooth drum. The action of these drums transforms the fibrous sheet into a characteristic flakey material having good homogeneity.
Les tambours de l'appareil d'ouvraison possèdent une garniture de dents de scie de type V5 LAR présentant 198 dents au décimètre carré. L'angle d'attaque de ces dents est de 70°, leur hauteur de 8,5 mm et le pas entre deux dents est de 9,9 mm. L'aspect caractéristique de la matière floconeuse selon l'invention est obtenue en réalisant au moins mille coups de dents par gramme de matière.The drums of the processing device have a sawtooth type V5 LAR with 198 teeth per square decimetre. The angle of attack of these teeth is 70 °, their height is 8.5 mm and the pitch between two teeth is 9.9 mm. The characteristic appearance of the flocculent material according to the invention is obtained by making at least a thousand teeth strokes per gram of material.
Après avoir été traitée dans l'appareil d'ouvraison comme décrit ci-dessus, la masse de matière floconeuse est amenée vers une chargeuse volumétrique conventionnelle, dans laquelle la masse est mise sous la forme d'une nappe épaisse où les fibres sont entremêlées sans aucune direction préférentielle. L'épaisseur et la densité de cette nappe peuvent être ajustées, de façon connue, au moyen du réglage respectivement de l'écartement des cylindres délivreurs de la chargeuse et de leur vitesse relative par rapport au système de transport.After having been treated in the working apparatus as described above, the mass of flocculent material is brought to a conventional volumetric loader, in which the mass is put in the form of a thick sheet where the fibers are intermingled without no preferential direction. The thickness and density of this ply can be adjusted, in a known manner, by means of respectively adjusting the spacing of the delivery cylinders of the loader and their relative speed with respect to the transport system.
Au cours du stade suivant, la nappe sortant de la chargeuse volumétrique est soumis à un traitement de thermo-liaison.During the following stage, the sheet leaving the volumetric loader is subjected to a heat-bonding treatment.
Ce traitement consiste à faire ramollir une partie des fibres en chauffant la nappe à une température supérieure à 205° environ, dans le cas où il n'y a pas eu d'adjonction de fibres "neutres" c'est à dire sans potentiel de frisage, et à une température inférieure à 205°C au cas où la nappe contient des fibres neutres adhésives à chaud.This treatment consists in softening part of the fibers by heating the sheet to a temperature above about 205 °, in the case where there has been no addition of "neutral" fibers, that is to say without potential for crimping, and at a temperature below 205 ° C in the case where the web contains hot adhesive neutral fibers.
Les températures indiquées dans la présente description relativement aux points de fusion des deux types de fibres, frisables et liantes, et au traitement de thermo-liaison correspondent à la majorité des cas. Il est cependant évident que l'homme de l'art pourra être amené à faire un choix en dehors de ces températures en tenant compte du fait que pendant le développement de la frisure, il ne doit pas se produire une thermoliaison et que, dans le cas où les fibres frisables sont mélangées avec des fibres liantes, seules ces dernières doivent assurer la thermoliaison.The temperatures indicated in the present description relative to the melting points of the two types of fibers, crimpable and binder, and to the heat-bonding treatment correspond to the majority of cases. It is however obvious that a person skilled in the art may have to make a choice outside of these temperatures, taking into account the fact that during the development of the crimp, there must not be a thermoliaison and that, in the If the crimpable fibers are mixed with binder fibers, only the latter must ensure thermobonding.
Pour effectuer ce traitement, la nappe est conduite sur une rame classique à circulation d'air chaud ; le passage de l'air chaud au travers de la nappe a pour effet un transfert de chaleur homogène dans toute son épaisseur. Pendant ce traitement, la nappe est véhiculée soit sur un tablier, soit sur des tambours perforés au travers desquels l'air chaud circule, de façon forcée, par dépression. La température est réglée comme indiqué au paragraphe précédent et la vitesse de défilement de la matière est réglée afin que la nappe séjourne le temps voulu dans le sécholr.To carry out this treatment, the sheet is conducted on a conventional train with circulation of hot air; the passage of hot air through the sheet has the effect of a uniform heat transfer throughout its thickness. During this treatment, the sheet is conveyed either on an apron or on perforated drums through which the hot air circulates, by force, by vacuum. The temperature is adjusted as indicated in the previous paragraph and the speed of movement of the material is adjusted so that the sheet remains for the required time in the dryer.
On obtient, grâce au procédé de fabrication décrit ci-dessus, un produit aggloméré de matières textiles, léger, économique, adaptable à divers usages comme le garnissage et le rembourrage, la filtration, l'isolation acoustique, phonique ou thermique, le produit possèdant en outre un caractère spongieux.Thanks to the manufacturing process described above, an agglomerated product of textile materials, light, economical, adaptable to various uses such as padding and padding, filtration, acoustic, sound or thermal insulation, the product having moreover a spongy character.
Le produit selon l'invention peut être lavé et désinfecté par voie thermique, il est imputrescible, insensible aux parasites, perméable à l'aire et il possède un excéllent pouvoir adiathermique. Il est peu sensible à la dégradation par rayonnement ultra-violet et au vieillissement. Dans le cas où les caractéristiques initiales se trouveraient modifiées par tassement à l'usage pronlogé, elles peuvent être retrouvées en soumettant la nappe à un flux de vapeur saturée.The product according to the invention can be washed and disinfected thermally, it is rot-proof, insensitive to parasites, permeable to air and it has excellent adiathermic power. It is not very sensitive to degradation by ultraviolet radiation and to aging. In the event that the initial characteristics are modified by compaction for the pronlogged use, they can be found by subjecting the sheet to a flow of saturated vapor.
Un essai a été effectué avec un câble de 70 kilotex constitué de fibres à deux composants, l'un étant du polytéréphtalate de butane-diole et l'autre du polytéréphtalate de diéthylèneglycol (X 403 de Rhône Poulenc).A test was carried out with a 70 kilotex cable made up of two-component fibers, one being polybutane-diole terephthalate and the other polyethylene terephthalate diethylene glycol (X 403 from Rhône Poulenc).
Ce câble, formé de filaments de 6,7 décitex, suit tout d'abord un embarrage de 10 chicanes avant d'arriver sur le train d'étirage d'un craqueuse de marque SEYDEL : type 670/671 S modèle 15208.This cable, made up of 6.7 decitex filaments, first follows an embarrassment of 10 baffles before arriving on the stretching train of a SEYDEL cracker: type 670/671 S model 15208.
Le câble ne passe que par le premier, deuxième et troisième tambour. Les écarts sont respectivement de 500 mm et 1680 mm. Le câble subit par conséquent deux étirages successifs, l'un de rapport 35/29 l'autre de 29/24, soit alors un étirage global de 35/24.The cable only passes through the first, second and third drum. The gaps are 500 mm and 1680 mm respectively. The cable consequently undergoes two successive stretchings, one of ratio 35/29 the other of 29/24, that is to say an overall stretch of 35/24.
Les cylindres de pression sont garnis de "Vulcollan" d'une épaisseur de 15 mm. La dureté de ces revêtements est supérieure à 80°d shore. Les plaques chauffantes équipant cette craqueuse ne sont pas utilisés, le système de refroidissement des cylindres fonctionne.The pressure cylinders are filled with "Vulcollan" with a thickness of 15 mm. The hardness of these coatings is greater than 80 ° d shore. The hot plates fitted to this cracker are not used, the cylinder cooling system works.
A la sortie du dernier cylindre, le câble est libéré sous la tension la plus faible possible. Ainsi étiré, puis relaxé, le câble présente un titre voisin de 200 kilotex;At the outlet of the last cylinder, the cable is released under the lowest possible tension. Thus stretched, then relaxed, the cable has a titer close to 200 kilotex;
Il est ensuite coupé par une coupeuse à guillotine de marque Pierret, la longueur de la coupe est de 20 mm. Un essai satisfaisant a été réalisé sur une coupeuse de type Lumus, à coupe échelonnée entre 15 et 35 mm. Il est alors effectué un mélange de ces fibres coupées avec des fibres liantes 100 % polyester du type Melty, marque Unitika 4080, 4 deniers, de longueur 51 mm. Le pourcentage de ces fibres est de 25 % de la masse totale des fibres. La fibre Unitika étant livrée en balles pressées, il a été nécessaire de la passer sur un brise balle de type conventionnel.Le mélange a été fait en deux stades : mélange grossier à la main par poignées, et mélange intime par passage à deux reprises sur une ouvreuse fine marque Laroche à un tambour, munie de la garniture citée plus haut dans la description. Un ventilateur de transport envoie alors ce mélange en bourre dans le caisson de réserve d'une cheminée volumétrique conventionnelle, en l'occurrence de marque "Heinrich JENNES", type KSF 2000. L'entr'axe des cylindres délivreurs est de 14,3 cm.L'amplitude de variation de la tôle vibrante est de 60 mm ; la fréquence de l'ordre de 1,5 Herts. La largeur de la nappe fibreuse ainsi formée est de 2000 mm.It is then cut by a guillotine cutter from the Pierret brand, the length of the cut is 20 mm. A satisfactory test was carried out on a Lumus type cutter, with a cut between 15 and 35 mm. A mixture of these cut fibers is then made with 100% polyester binder fibers of the Melty type, brand Unitika 4080, 4 denier, 51 mm long. The percentage of these fibers is 25% of the total mass of the fibers. The Unitika fiber being delivered in pressed bales, it was necessary to pass it on a conventional ball breaker. The mixing was done in two stages: coarse mixing by hand by handles, and intimate mixing by passing twice over a fine Laroche opener branded with a drum, fitted with the lining mentioned above in the description. A transport fan then sends this mixture in fluff into the reserve box of a conventional volumetric chimney, in this case brand "Heinrich JENNES", type KSF 2000. The distance between the delivery cylinders is 14.3 The amplitude of variation of the vibrating plate is 60 mm; the frequency of the order of 1.5 Herts. The width of the fibrous web thus formed is 2000 mm.
Un tablier amène cette à une vitesse de 0,5 m par minute à un séchoir Fleissner à tambours, type T 3407, modifié comme suit : le nombre de tambours a été ramené à 4, dont deux chauffants, et deux refroidissants.An apron brings this at a speed of 0.5 m per minute to a Fleissner drum dryer, type T 3407, modified as follows: the number of drums has been reduced to 4, including two heaters and two coolers.
L'écart entre les tambours est de 32 mm, leur diamètre de 1414 mm. Le séchoir est équipé d'un brûleur au gaz direct. Les ventilateurs des tambours chauffants sont équipés de variateurs de vitesse.The distance between the drums is 32 mm, their diameter 1414 mm. The dryer is equipped with a direct gas burner. The fans of the heating drums are fitted with variable speed drives.
L'essai a été réalisé avec une vitesse de rotation de 400 tours par minute, pour les ventilateurs des cylindres chauffants, et de 800 t/mn pour les autres. Le temps de passage en milieu chaud est de 4 minutes sous 130°C environ.The test was carried out with a rotation speed of 400 rpm for the fans of the heating cylinders, and 800 rpm for the others. The passage time in hot medium is 4 minutes at about 130 ° C.
Les produit ainsi fabriqué est, à sa sortie du séchoir, enroulé sur un mandrin et forme ainsi un rouleau.The product thus produced is, on leaving the dryer, wound on a mandrel and thus forms a roll.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR8519489A FR2592403A1 (en) | 1985-12-31 | 1985-12-31 | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A SYNTHETIC FIBER MATERIAL, AND THE MATERIAL OBTAINED. |
FR8519489 | 1985-12-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0233433A1 true EP0233433A1 (en) | 1987-08-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP86402954A Withdrawn EP0233433A1 (en) | 1985-12-31 | 1986-12-29 | Method for making a material from synthetic fibres, and material so obtained |
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EP (1) | EP0233433A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2592403A1 (en) |
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EP0394954A3 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-03-13 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers |
EP0436227A1 (en) * | 1990-01-02 | 1991-07-10 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aramid fluff |
WO1999064650A1 (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 1999-12-16 | Rhodia Performance Fibres | Use of three-dimensional crimping fibres for making staying material, and resulting staying material |
CN114890801A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-12 | 长兴兴鹰新型耐火建材有限公司 | Light heat-insulating castable for cement kiln head cover |
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- 1986-12-29 EP EP86402954A patent/EP0233433A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1442768A (en) * | 1964-07-24 | 1966-06-17 | Du Pont | Self-crimping synthetic fibers with high crimp development |
FR2245788A1 (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1975-04-25 | Rhone Poulenc Textile | Composite fibres of partially crosslinked polyesters - offering a wool like feel from short spun fibres |
WO1980001031A2 (en) * | 1979-02-28 | 1980-05-15 | Du Pont | Polyester fiberfill blends |
EP0088191A2 (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1983-09-14 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Polyester fibrefill blend |
EP0123794A2 (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-11-07 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Method of making a non woven stretch filler fabric |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0394954A3 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-03-13 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers |
EP0436227A1 (en) * | 1990-01-02 | 1991-07-10 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aramid fluff |
WO1999064650A1 (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 1999-12-16 | Rhodia Performance Fibres | Use of three-dimensional crimping fibres for making staying material, and resulting staying material |
FR2779746A1 (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 1999-12-17 | Novalis Fibres | USE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL FITTING FIBERS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRIC OR REINFORCEMENT FABRIC, AND REINFORCEMENT FABRIC OBTAINED |
CN114890801A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-12 | 长兴兴鹰新型耐火建材有限公司 | Light heat-insulating castable for cement kiln head cover |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2592403A1 (en) | 1987-07-03 |
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