EP0230541B1 - Method for making randomly laid filament webs, and apparatus for carrying out this method - Google Patents

Method for making randomly laid filament webs, and apparatus for carrying out this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0230541B1
EP0230541B1 EP86116157A EP86116157A EP0230541B1 EP 0230541 B1 EP0230541 B1 EP 0230541B1 EP 86116157 A EP86116157 A EP 86116157A EP 86116157 A EP86116157 A EP 86116157A EP 0230541 B1 EP0230541 B1 EP 0230541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slit
compressor
thread
dies
wall
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EP86116157A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0230541A2 (en
EP0230541A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Mente
Gerhard Knitsch
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JH Benecke GmbH
Corovin GmbH
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JH Benecke GmbH
Corovin GmbH
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Priority to AT86116157T priority Critical patent/ATE62941T1/en
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Publication of EP0230541A3 publication Critical patent/EP0230541A3/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007Addition polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of random nonwoven webs from synthetic threads, which are drawn off as a family of threads from spinning nozzles under the influence of a gaseous propellant produced by a compressor or the like and are deposited on a base.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • DE-PS 1 785 158, GB-PS 1 282 176 and GB-PS 1 297 582 have already disclosed methods and devices of the above type.
  • a common feature of these methods is that the family of threads is drawn out of the spinnerets under the influence of compressed air by means of a thread take-off device, stretched inside the thread take-off device and, after passing through a spreading device, is placed on the base to form a nonwoven web.
  • thread pull-off force occurring in the thread take-off device is essentially generated within a thread take-off tube, which has a thread take-off nozzle at its upper end, which is fed with highly compressed compressed air.
  • the invention achieves this goal in the generic method by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1. With regard to a device, the object is achieved by those mentioned in claim 8 Features resolved.
  • the invention surprisingly treads a completely new path, which leads away from the thread take-off tubes previously used and which instead allows the thread sheet to be drawn off and guided along a wall surface or nozzle wall formed by several slot nozzles. Since no bundling is now carried out within thread take-off tubes, the risk of twisting of individual threads is eliminated, so that random nonwoven webs with a uniform structure can be produced.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge confirmed by tests that the required thread pulling forces (measured comparatively on a copper wire of 0.12 mm diameter) of approximately 0.2 N can be generated with several slot nozzles arranged one above the other.
  • An arrangement is expedient in which the air - based on the thread conveying direction - exits the slot nozzles at an angle of approximately 15 ° or less, so that a strong force component for the tensile force occurs in the thread conveying direction.
  • Another important feature of the invention is that an adiabatic or polytropic process is exploited in a novel manner, while the known processes work isothermally.
  • the invention goes namely from the mathematically derived knowledge below that higher thread pulling forces can be achieved with the adiabatic process (among other things because of the higher viscosity of the air at higher temperatures) than with the isothermal process, which is advantageous in terms of economy of the new process.
  • the admission pressure of the slot nozzles is set somewhat larger than the critical pressure (the ratio of the admission pressure to the ambient air pressure is therefore greater than the Laval pressure ratio).
  • the resulting expansion of the air jet at the outlet of the slot nozzles advantageously lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the flat nozzle wall, so that there is therefore no fear of twisting or sticking to the nozzle wall.
  • cooling in the form of bores is provided in the front part of the slot nozzles, through which, for example, water can be passed.
  • CH-DS 405 220 also describes a process for the production of fibrous sheet-like structures, in which thread sheets are guided along closed channels assigned to them, which serve to guide and cool the thread sheets, while the actual thread pulling forces of two acted upon by air Slits is created just below the spinneret.
  • a secondary air is introduced into the channels via obliquely arranged slots, so that the individual thread sheets are completely solidified after leaving the assigned channels and are deposited one after the other, whereby a multi-surface fiber structure is created. So that as many threads as possible are caught by the air flow, the spinnerets are designed to be relatively narrow, so that the output of the known method is correspondingly low. The application of an adiabatic or polytropic process is not addressed there.
  • a so-called flip-flop traversing is provided in an expedient embodiment, which is known per se from DE-PS 24 21 401 and in connection with the novel nozzle wall a special one ensures great uniformity of the structure.
  • 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view to illustrate the principle of a device according to the invention
  • 2 is a diagram showing the thread pulling forces
  • 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a slot nozzle with a supply pipe
  • 4 shows the different slot widths of a slot in the supply pipe
  • 5 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line A - A from FIG. 3
  • 6 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line BB from FIG. 3
  • 7 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line C - C from FIG. 3.
  • synthetic threads 12 are drawn as a family of threads from spinnerets 10 by means of an air stream directed downwards, which is generated by slot nozzles 16 arranged one above the other, which form a nozzle wall 18.
  • the threads 12 emerging from the spinnerets 10 are cooled to room temperature by means of a cross-air flow indicated by the arrows B, and the threads 12 are aligned by means of a horizontally adjustable tube 14.
  • Both the compressor and the slot nozzles 16 are operated polytropically, the compressor compressing the air from the room state polytropically to the same pressure or greater than the critical pressure of 1.894 bar.
  • the compressor, the feed lines and the rear of the slot nozzles are insulated.
  • 16 holes 20 are provided in the front part of the slot nozzles for water cooling in order to dissipate the heat.
  • the spreading device 28 comprises two oscillating Coanda shells 32 and is described in more detail in DE-PS 24 21 401, so that it does not need to be discussed further at this point.
  • the resistance coefficient c is not a constant; rather, it changes according to the equation with the Reynolds number Re.
  • the admission pressure of the slot nozzles 16 is set somewhat higher than the critical pressure, so that the expansion of the air jet which arises at the outlet slots 26 of the slot nozzles 16 lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the nozzle wall 18.
  • the admission pressure is not chosen too high, but is kept low, if possible, since the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is more favorable with a low nozzle admission pressure.
  • the lower limit of the pre-pressure occurs where the relative speed between the threads 12 and the air is so low that the thread pulling force decreases disproportionately.
  • a preferred value of the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is between 1.1 and 5 bar.
  • FIGS. 3-7 The detailed structure of a slot nozzle 16 used in the new method and the new device is shown in FIGS. 3-7.
  • Each slot nozzle 16 has a front chamber 34 and a rear chamber 36 which are connected to one another via a gap 42 of 1.5 mm .
  • the front chamber 34 opens into the exit slot 26 via a gap 38 (1.5 mm), fins 40 being arranged in the manner of a flow grille in the feed to the exit slot 26 in order to align the turbulent flow in front of the exit slot 26.
  • In the front part of the slot nozzles 16 there are bores 20 for cooling by means of cooling water or the like, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 3.
  • a supply pipe 44 the two outer pipes, extends in each slot nozzle 16 within the rear chamber 36 Ends are connected to the compressor, not shown, that is, air is supplied from both sides of the supply pipe 44.
  • the wall of the supply pipe 44 runs close to the upper and lower wall of the rear chamber 36, forming a gap 48 and 50 of approximately 1.5 mm each.
  • the supply pipe 44 has a slot 46 through which the air can escape from the compressor into the rear chamber 36.
  • the slot 46 extends along the entire length of the rear chamber 36 and has different slot widths over the length, as is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the width of the slot is changed symmetrically to the center of the tube (seen in the longitudinal direction).
  • the slot width S is 2 mm, and it widens discretely towards the pipe ends to 3 and 4 mm.
  • the jumps in diameter are equalized, so that the slot 46 then continuously widens outwards from 2 mm in the middle to 4 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

In the production of irregular non-woven material sheets of synthetic filaments, the warp from spinnerets is drawn off by means of a draw-off device and then deposited on a substrate. To avoid tangling of the individual filaments, they are guided along a nozzle wall formed by slot nozzles stacked on top of each other and forming a draw-off device. The slot nozzles as well as the air compressor are operated polytropically. The deposit of the warp on the substrate is accomplished by a flip-flop cross winding.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wirrvliesbahnen aus synthetischen Fäden, die unter dem Einfluß eines von einem Kompressor oder dgl. erzeugten gasförmigen Treibmittels als Fadenschar aus Spinndüsen abgezogen und auf einer Unterlage abgelegt werden. Außerdem befaßt sich die Erfindung mit einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for the production of random nonwoven webs from synthetic threads, which are drawn off as a family of threads from spinning nozzles under the influence of a gaseous propellant produced by a compressor or the like and are deposited on a base. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Durch die DE-PS 1 785 158, GB-PS 1 282 176 und GB-PS 1 297 582 sind bereits Verfahren und Vorrichtungen der oben vorausgesetzten Gattung bekannt geworden. Ein gemeinsames Merkmal dieser Verfahren besteht darin, daß die Fadenschar unter dem Einfluß von Preßluft mittels einer Fadenabzugsvorrichtung aus den Spinndüsen abgezogen, innerhalb der Fadenabzugsvorrichtung verstreckt und nach dem Passieren einer Spreizvorrichtung auf der Unterlage zur Bildung einer Wirrvliesbahn abgelegt wird.DE-PS 1 785 158, GB-PS 1 282 176 and GB-PS 1 297 582 have already disclosed methods and devices of the above type. A common feature of these methods is that the family of threads is drawn out of the spinnerets under the influence of compressed air by means of a thread take-off device, stretched inside the thread take-off device and, after passing through a spreading device, is placed on the base to form a nonwoven web.

Ein wichtiger Aspekt bei der Herstellung von Wirrvliesbahnen ist die in der Fadenabzugsvorrichtung auftretende Fadenabzugskraft, die bei den bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen im wesentlichen innerhalb eines Fadenabzugsrohres erzeugt wird, welches an ihrem oberen Ende eine Fadenabzugsdüse besitzt, die mit hoch verdichteter Preßluft beschickt wird.An important aspect in the production of random nonwoven webs is the thread pull-off force occurring in the thread take-off device, which is the case with the known methods and devices is essentially generated within a thread take-off tube, which has a thread take-off nozzle at its upper end, which is fed with highly compressed compressed air.

Es hat sich in der Praxis gezeigt, daß mit den Fadenabzugsrohren zwar eine ausreichende Fadenabzugskraft erzeugt werden kann, allerdings sind die Fadenabzugsrohre in anderer Hinsicht mit einem Nachteil behaftet. Innerhalb der engen Fadenabzugsrohre - der Innendurchmesser liegt beispielsweise bei 3 mm - kann es nämlich zwischen den einzelnen Fäden zu Verzwirnungen kommen mit der unangenehmen Folge, daß die Struktur der Wirrvliesbahn ungleichmäßig wird. Eine möglichst gleichmäßige Struktur ist nun aber ein entscheidendes Qualitätsmerkmal einer Wirrvliesbahn.It has been shown in practice that a sufficient thread-pulling force can be generated with the thread-pulling tubes, but the thread-pulling tubes are disadvantageous in other respects. Within the narrow thread take-off tubes - the inner diameter is, for example, 3 mm - twists can occur between the individual threads, with the unpleasant result that the structure of the nonwoven web becomes uneven. A structure that is as uniform as possible is now a crucial quality feature of a randomly woven web.

Hier liegt der Ansatzpunkt der Erfindung, durch welche ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung geschaffen werden soll, die eine Herstellung von Wirrvliesbahnen mit möglichst gleichmäßiger Struktur erlauben.This is the starting point of the invention, by means of which a method and a device are to be created which allow the production of random nonwoven webs with a structure which is as uniform as possible.

Dieses Ziel erreicht die Erfindung bei dem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale. Bezüglich einer Vorrichtung wird die Aufgabe durch die im Anspruch 8 genannten Merkmale gelöst. Die Erfindung beschreitet überraschend einen völlig neuen Weg, der von den bisher verwendeten Fadenabzugsrohren wegführt und der es statt dessen erlaubt, die Fadenschar längs einer durch mehrere Schlitzdüsen gebildeten Wandfläche bzw. Düsenwand abzuziehen und zu führen. Da nunmehr keine Bündelung innerhalb von Fadenabzugsrohren vorgenommen wird, ist die Gefahr von Verzwirnungen einzelner Fäden beseitigt, so daß sich Wirrvliesbahnen mit gleichmäßiger Struktur herstellen lassen.The invention achieves this goal in the generic method by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1. With regard to a device, the object is achieved by those mentioned in claim 8 Features resolved. The invention surprisingly treads a completely new path, which leads away from the thread take-off tubes previously used and which instead allows the thread sheet to be drawn off and guided along a wall surface or nozzle wall formed by several slot nozzles. Since no bundling is now carried out within thread take-off tubes, the risk of twisting of individual threads is eliminated, so that random nonwoven webs with a uniform structure can be produced.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der durch Versuche bestätigten Erkenntnis, daß sich mit mehreren übereinander angeordneten Schlitzdüsen die erforderlichen Fadenabzugskräfte (vergleichsweise an einem Kupferdraht von 0,12 mm Durchmesser gemessen) von etwa 0,2 N erzeugen lassen. Zweckmäßig ist dabei eine Anordnung, bei welcher die Luft - bezogen auf die Fadenförderrichtung - unter einem Winkel von etwa 15 ° oder kleiner aus den Schlitzdüsen austritt, so daß eine starke in Fadenförderrichtung wirksame Kraftkomponente für die Zugkraft auftritt.The invention is based on the knowledge confirmed by tests that the required thread pulling forces (measured comparatively on a copper wire of 0.12 mm diameter) of approximately 0.2 N can be generated with several slot nozzles arranged one above the other. An arrangement is expedient in which the air - based on the thread conveying direction - exits the slot nozzles at an angle of approximately 15 ° or less, so that a strong force component for the tensile force occurs in the thread conveying direction.

Ein weiteres bedeutsames Merkmal der Erfindung besteht darin, daß in neuartiger Weise ein adiabatischer bzw. polytropischer Prozeß ausgenutzt wird, während die bekannten Verfahren isotherm arbeiten. Die Erfindung geht nämlich von der mathematisch weiter unten noch abgeleiteten Erkenntnis aus, daß sich beim adiabatischen Prozeß (unter anderem wegen der höheren Viskosität der Luft bei höheren Temperaturen) höhere Fadenabzugskräfte als beim isothermen Prozeß erzielen lassen, was im Sinne einer Wirtschaftlichkeit das neuen Verfahrens von Vorteil ist. Anders als beim isothermen Prozeß tritt auch keine Kondensationsfeuchte auf, wodurch in vorteilhafter Weise ein Zusammenkleben der Fadenscharen vermieden ist.Another important feature of the invention is that an adiabatic or polytropic process is exploited in a novel manner, while the known processes work isothermally. The invention goes namely from the mathematically derived knowledge below that higher thread pulling forces can be achieved with the adiabatic process (among other things because of the higher viscosity of the air at higher temperatures) than with the isothermal process, which is advantageous in terms of economy of the new process. In contrast to the isothermal process, there is also no condensation moisture, which advantageously prevents the cords from sticking together.

Der Vordruck der Schlitzdüsen wird in zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung etwas größer als der kritische Druck eingestellt (das Verhältnis des Vordrucks zum Umgebungsluftdruck ist also größer als das Laval-Druckverhältnis). Die sich hierdurch am Austritt der Schlitzdüsen einstellende Expansion des Luftstrahles hebt die Fadenschar in vorteilhafter Weise um ein geringes von der flächigen Düsenwand ab, so daß auch von daher keine Verzwirnungen oder ein Verkleben mit der Düsenwand zu befürchten ist.In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the admission pressure of the slot nozzles is set somewhat larger than the critical pressure (the ratio of the admission pressure to the ambient air pressure is therefore greater than the Laval pressure ratio). The resulting expansion of the air jet at the outlet of the slot nozzles advantageously lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the flat nozzle wall, so that there is therefore no fear of twisting or sticking to the nozzle wall.

Nach den Gesetzen der Thermodynamik erwärmt sich die verdichtete Luft auf über 350 ° K, und bei der Expansion am Austritt der Schlitzdüse wird die Raumlufttemperatur in etwa wieder erreicht, während sich die Schlitzdüse selbst dabei erheblich erwärmen kann, so daß die Gefahr des Anklebens der Fäden an der Düsenwand bestehen könnte. Deshalb ist in zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in der Frontpartie der Schlitzdüsen eine Kühlung in Form von Bohrungen vorgesehen, durch die beispielsweise Wasser geführt werden kann.According to the laws of thermodynamics, the compressed air heats up to over 350 ° K, and when expanding at the outlet of the slot nozzle, the room air temperature is roughly reached again, while the slot nozzle itself can heat up considerably, so that the danger the threads could stick to the nozzle wall. Therefore, in an expedient embodiment of the invention, cooling in the form of bores is provided in the front part of the slot nozzles, through which, for example, water can be passed.

Durch die DE-OS 1 760 713 ist zwar schon ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wirrfaden-Vlieses aus synthetischen Fäden bekannt, die längs einer Wandung geführt werden, allerdings ist dort nur eine Schlitzdüse vorgesehen, die als Abzugsvorrichtung dient. In aufwendiger und nachteiliger Weise sind darüberhinaus besondere Distanzhalter vorgesehen, um die Fadenschar im Abstand von der Wandung zu halten, und ferner liegt bei den bekannten Verfahren kein adiabatischer bzw. polytropischer Prozeß vor. Schließlich erfordert die Durchführung dieses bekannten Verfahrens noch eine zusätzliche gegenüber der Wandung angeordnete einstellbare Platte, was zu einem Mehraufwand führt.From DE-OS 1 760 713 a method for producing a tangled fleece from synthetic threads is already known, which are guided along a wall, but only a slot nozzle is provided there, which serves as a take-off device. In a complex and disadvantageous manner, special spacers are also provided in order to keep the thread sheet at a distance from the wall, and furthermore there is no adiabatic or polytropic process in the known methods. Finally, the implementation of this known method still requires an additional adjustable plate arranged opposite the wall, which leads to additional expenditure.

Ferner ist in der CH-DS 405 220 auch schon ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserflächengebilden beschrieben, bei welchem Fadenscharen längs ihnen zugeordneten geschlossenen Kanälen geführt werden, welche der Führung und der Abkühlung der Fadenscharen dienen, während die eigentlichen Fadenabzugskräfte von je zwei mit Luft beaufschlagten Schlitzen unmittelbar unter der Spinndüse erzeugt wird. Innerhalb der Kanäle wird über schräg angeordnete Schlitze eine Sekundärluft eingeführt, so daß die einzelnen Fadenscharen nach dem Verlassen der zugeordneten Kanäle vollständig verfestigt sind und nacheinander abgelegt werden, wodurch ein mehrflächiges Fasergebilde entsteht. Damit möglichst alle Fäden vom Luftstrom erfaßt werden, sind die Spinndüsen relativ schmal ausgebildet, so daß die Ausstoßleistung des bekannten Verfahrens entsprechend gering ist. Die Anwendung eines adiabatischen bzw. polytropischen Prozeßes ist dort nicht angesprochen.Furthermore, CH-DS 405 220 also describes a process for the production of fibrous sheet-like structures, in which thread sheets are guided along closed channels assigned to them, which serve to guide and cool the thread sheets, while the actual thread pulling forces of two acted upon by air Slits is created just below the spinneret. A secondary air is introduced into the channels via obliquely arranged slots, so that the individual thread sheets are completely solidified after leaving the assigned channels and are deposited one after the other, whereby a multi-surface fiber structure is created. So that as many threads as possible are caught by the air flow, the spinnerets are designed to be relatively narrow, so that the output of the known method is correspondingly low. The application of an adiabatic or polytropic process is not addressed there.

Um die angestrebte gleichmäßige Struktur der Wirrvliesbahn bei der Erfindung noch zu erhöhen, ist in einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung eine sogenannte Flipp-Flopp-Changierung vorgesehen, die an sich durch die DE-PS 24 21 401 bekannt ist und in Verbindung mit der neuartigen Düsenwand eine besonders große Gleichmäßigkeit der Struktur gewährleistet.In order to increase the desired uniform structure of the nonwoven web in the invention, a so-called flip-flop traversing is provided in an expedient embodiment, which is known per se from DE-PS 24 21 401 and in connection with the novel nozzle wall a special one ensures great uniformity of the structure.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und der Zeichnung zu entnehmen.Other advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and can be seen in the drawing.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Querschnittsansicht zur Verdeutlichung des Prinzips einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2 ein Diagramm zur Darstellung der Fadenabzugskräfte,
Fig. 3 eine Querschnittsansicht einer Schlitzdüse mit einem Versorgungsrohr,
Fig. 4 eine Darstellung der unterschiedlichen Schlitzbreiten eines in dem Versorgungsrohr befindlichen Schlitzes,
Fig. 5 eine Querschnittsansicht längs der Schnittlinie A - A aus Fig. 3,
Fig. 6 eine Querschnittsansicht längs der Schnittlinie B - B aus Fig. 3, und
Fig. 7 eine Querschnittsansicht längs der Schnittlinie C - C aus Fig. 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
1 is a schematic cross-sectional view to illustrate the principle of a device according to the invention,
2 is a diagram showing the thread pulling forces,
3 shows a cross-sectional view of a slot nozzle with a supply pipe,
4 shows the different slot widths of a slot in the supply pipe,
5 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line A - A from FIG. 3,
6 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line BB from FIG. 3, and
7 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line C - C from FIG. 3.

In Fig. 1 werden synthetische Fäden 12 als Fadenschar aus Spinndüsen 10 mittels eines nach unten gerichteten Luftstromes abgezogen, der durch übereinander angeordnete Schlitzdüsen 16 erzeugt wird, welche eine Düsenwand 18 bilden. Mittels eines durch die Pfeile B angedeuteten Querluftstrom werden die aus den Spinndüsen 10 austretenden Fäden 12 auf Raumtemperatur gekühlt, und durch ein horizontal verstellbares Rohr 14 werden die Fäden 12 ausgerichtet.In FIG. 1, synthetic threads 12 are drawn as a family of threads from spinnerets 10 by means of an air stream directed downwards, which is generated by slot nozzles 16 arranged one above the other, which form a nozzle wall 18. The threads 12 emerging from the spinnerets 10 are cooled to room temperature by means of a cross-air flow indicated by the arrows B, and the threads 12 are aligned by means of a horizontally adjustable tube 14.

Von einem nicht dargestellten adiabatisch bzw. polytropisch betriebenen Luftkompressor - z.B. einem einstufigen Turbokompressor - gelangt über die Zuführung 22 Luft in die Düsenkammer 24. Die Austrittsschlitze 26 der Schlitzdüsen verlaufen unter einem Winkel α von etwa 15°, so daß ein nach unten gerichteter Luftstrom erzeugt wird, in welchen die ausgerichteten Fäden 12 unter dem genannten Winkel eintauchen.From an adiabatic or polytropically operated air compressor, not shown - e.g. a single-stage turbocompressor - air enters the nozzle chamber 24 via the inlet 22. The outlet slots 26 of the slot nozzles run at an angle α of approximately 15 °, so that a downward air flow is generated, in which the aligned threads 12 are at the angle mentioned immerse.

Die mit Schallgeschwindigkeit austretende Luft übt nun eine Zugkraft auf die Fäden 12 aus, welche zur Erzielung des gewünschten Fadentiters eine ganz bestimmte Größe besitzt. Anhand einer Versuchsanordnung mit einem Kupferdraht von 0,12 mm Durchmesser konnte gemessen und ermittelt werden, daß für die Herstellung eines Polypropylenvlieses (PP) mit einem Fadentiter von 2 dtex (1 dtex = Fadendicke eines Fadens von 1 g Gewicht und 10 000 m Länge) eine Abzugskraft von 0,2 N erforderlich ist.The air emerging at the speed of sound now exerts a tensile force on the threads 12 which has a very specific size in order to achieve the desired thread titer. Using a test arrangement with a copper wire of 0.12 mm in diameter, it was possible to measure and determine that for the production of a polypropylene nonwoven (PP) with a thread titer of 2 dtex (1 dtex = Thread thickness of a thread of 1 g weight and 10,000 m length) a pulling force of 0.2 N is required.

Die Meßergebnisse sind in Fig. 2 - zusammen mit einer schematischen Anordnung des Versuchsaufbaus - dargestellt. Wie man erkennen kann, läßt sich die Fadenabzugskraft von 0,2 N ohne weiteres mit dreißig übereinander angeordneten Schlitzdüsen erreichen, während bei Verwendung nur einer Schlitzdüse auch bei Erhöhung des Preßluftdruckes keine ausreichende Fadenabzugskraft erzielt werden kann.The measurement results are shown in Fig. 2 - together with a schematic arrangement of the experimental setup. As can be seen, the thread pulling force of 0.2 N can easily be achieved with thirty slot nozzles arranged one above the other, while if only one slot nozzle is used, sufficient thread pulling force cannot be achieved even when the compressed air pressure is increased.

Sowohl der Kompressor als auch die Schlitzdüsen 16 werden polytropisch betrieben, wobei der Kompressor die Luft vom Raumzustand polytropisch auf gleich oder größer als den kritischen Druck von 1,894 bar verdichtet. Um eine möglichst weitgehende Energieausnutzung und Annäherung an den idealen adiabatischen Prozeß zu erzielen, werden der Kompressor , die Zuleitungen und die Rückseiten der Schlitzdüsen isoliert.Both the compressor and the slot nozzles 16 are operated polytropically, the compressor compressing the air from the room state polytropically to the same pressure or greater than the critical pressure of 1.894 bar. In order to achieve the greatest possible energy utilization and to approximate the ideal adiabatic process, the compressor, the feed lines and the rear of the slot nozzles are insulated.

Bei der Expansion der auf über 350° K verdichteten Luft am Austritt der Schlitzdüsen 16 wird zwar die Raumlufttemperatur in etwa wieder erreicht, dabei erwärmen sich jedoch die Schlitzdüsen 16, so daß die Gefahr eines Anklebens der Fäden 12 an der Düsenwand 18 bestehen kann.During the expansion of the air compressed to over 350 ° K at the outlet of the slot nozzles 16, the room air temperature is approximately reached again, however, the slot nozzles 16 heat up, so that there is a risk of the threads 12 sticking to the nozzle wall 18.

Daher sind in der Frontpartie der Schlitzdüsen 16 Bohrungen 20 für eine Wasserkühlung vorgesehen, um die Wärme abzuleiten.Therefore, 16 holes 20 are provided in the front part of the slot nozzles for water cooling in order to dissipate the heat.

Nach dem Passieren der Düsenwand 18 bzw. der Schlitzdüsen 16 gelangen die Fäden 12 zu einer Spreizvorrichtung 28, um im Anschluß daran auf einem Siebförderband 30 zu einer gleichmäßig verteilten Vliesbahn abgelegt zu werden. Die Spreizvorrichtung 28 umfaßt zwei oszillierende Coandaschalen 32 und ist in der DE-PS 24 21 401 nährer beschrieben, so daß darauf an dieser Stelle nicht weiter eingegangen zu werden braucht.After passing through the nozzle wall 18 or the slot nozzles 16, the threads 12 reach a spreading device 28 in order to be subsequently deposited on a sieve conveyor 30 to form a uniformly distributed nonwoven web. The spreading device 28 comprises two oscillating Coanda shells 32 and is described in more detail in DE-PS 24 21 401, so that it does not need to be discussed further at this point.

Zum besseren Verständnis des neuartigen Verfahrens unter Zugrundelegung eines adiabatischen Prozeßes und die damit verbundene Auswirkung auf die Fadenabzugskraft werden nachfolgend die hierfür geltenden mathematischen Beziehungen näher erläutert. Es ist bekannt (Mayer, "Berechung von Schubspannung und Wärmeübergang an längsangeströmten Fäden", Chemie-Ing.-Technik, 42. Jahrgang 1970, Nr. 6, Seite 401; Hamana et al" Der Verlauf der Fadenbildung beim Fadenspinnen" Melliand Textilberiche 4/1969, Seite 384), den Widerstandskoeffizienten c eines bewegten Fadens in ruhender Luft gemäß der Gleichung

Figure imgb0001
zu definieren, mit
Figure imgb0002
, wobei τ die Wandschubspannung am Fadenelement von der Länge dx, γ = 1/v das spezifische Gewicht der Luft und w die Luftgeschwindigkeit (Faden) ist und d den Fadendurchmesser angibt.For a better understanding of the novel method based on an adiabatic process and the associated effect on the thread pulling force, the mathematical relationships applicable to this are explained in more detail below. It is known (Mayer, "Calculation of shear stress and heat transfer on longitudinally flowed threads", Chemie-Ing.-Technik, 42nd year 1970, No. 6, page 401; Hamana et al "The course of thread formation during thread spinning" Melliand Textilberiche 4 / 1969, page 384), the resistance coefficient c of a moving thread in still air according to the equation
Figure imgb0001
to define with
Figure imgb0002
, where τ is the wall shear stress on the thread element of length dx, γ = 1 / v is the specific weight of the air and w is the air velocity (thread) and d indicates the thread diameter.

Der Widerstandskoeffizient c ist keine Konstante; er ändert sich vielmehr gemäß der Gleichung

Figure imgb0003
mit der Reynoldszahl Re. Die in obiger Gleichung angeführten Konstanten a und b differieren je nach Autor und betragen bei Mayer: a = 0,14; b = 0,726; bei Hamana: a = 0,37; b = 0,61; und bei Thompson: a = 1,13; b = 0,60.The resistance coefficient c is not a constant; rather, it changes according to the equation
Figure imgb0003
with the Reynolds number Re. The constants a and b given in the above equation differ depending on the author and amount to Mayer: a = 0.14; b = 0.726; for Hamana: a = 0.37; b = 0.61; and in Thompson: a = 1.13; b = 0.60.

Mit der Reynoldszahl

Figure imgb0004
wobei ν die kinematische Zähigkeit und η die dynamische Zähigkeit bedeuten, ergibt sich durch Gleichsetzung der obigen Gleichung (1) und (3) mit den Konstanten nach Hamana für die Fadenabzugskraft:
Figure imgb0005
in obiger Beziehung sind einzusetzen: d in m; v in m³/kg; w in m/s und η in kg s/m².With the Reynolds number
Figure imgb0004
where ν is the kinematic toughness and η is the dynamic toughness, results from equating equations (1) and (3) above with the constants according to Hamana for the thread pull-off force:
Figure imgb0005
in the above relationship, use: d in m; v in m³ / kg; w in m / s and η in kg s / m².

Ausgehend von der voranstehenden Gleichung (5) ergibt sich nun allgemein für die Fadenabzugskraft:

Figure imgb0006
wobei nach der Berechnungsmethode von Hamana für b der Wert 0,61 und nach Mayer der Wert 0,726 einzusetzen ist. Bei einem nach beiden Berechnungsmethoden (Hamana und Mayer) durchgeführten Vergleich zwischen Adiabate und Isotherme sind für d, v und η die Werte des kritischen Zustandes am Schlitzdüsenaustritt einzusetzen. Nachfolgend sind die entsprechenden Größen für die Adiabate und in Klammern für die Isotherme angegeben: wk = 342,9 (313,0) m/s; vk = 0,855 (0,712) m³/kg; Tk = 293 (244) °K; η = 1,855·10-6 (1,598·10-6) kg s/m².Starting from equation (5) above, the following generally results for the thread pull-off force:
Figure imgb0006
whereby according to the Hamana calculation method the value for b is 0.61 and the value for Mayer is 0.726. In a comparison between adiabates and isotherms carried out according to both calculation methods (Hamana and Mayer), the values of the critical state at the slit nozzle outlet must be used for d, v and η. The corresponding values for the adiabates and in parentheses for the isotherms are given below: w k = 342.9 (313.0) m / s; v k = 0.855 (0.712) m³ / kg; T k = 293 (244) ° K; η = 1.855 x 10 -6 (1.598 x 10 -6 ) kg s / m².

Nach Hamana gilt dann: Pf =

Figure imgb0007
1,133 (0,978) und nach Mayer: Pf =
Figure imgb0008
0,1222 (0,1027).Then according to Hamana: P f =
Figure imgb0007
1.133 (0.978) and according to Mayer: P f =
Figure imgb0008
0.1222 (0.1027).

Als Ergebnis dieses Vergleiches nach den beiden Berechnungsmethoden ist festzustellen, daß die adiabat betriebene Schlitzdüse eine um etwa 15% höhere Fadenabzugskraft erzeugt. Hierin liegt ein wesentlicher Vorteil des neuen Verfahrens, denn das aufgezeigte Ergebnis bedeutet im Umkehrschluß, daß zur Erzielung einer bestimmten Fadenabzugskraft beim adiabatischen Prozeß weniger Energie als beim isothermen Prozeß benötigt wird, was eine bedeutsame Energieeinsparung ermöglicht.As a result of this comparison using the two calculation methods, it can be determined that the adiabatically operated slot nozzle produces a thread pulling force which is about 15% higher. This is a major advantage of the new method, because the result shown means, conversely, that less energy is required to achieve a certain thread pulling force in the adiabatic process than in the isothermal process, which enables significant energy savings.

Der Umstand, daß sowohl der Luftkompressor als auch die Schlitzdüsen adiabatisch bzw. polytropisch betrieben werden, führt weiterhin zu dem Vorteil, daß keine Kondensationsfeuchte wie beim isothermen Prozeß auftritt, und daß damit ein Zusammenkleben der Fadenscharen vermieden werden kann.The fact that both the air compressor and the slot nozzles are operated adiabatically or polytropically leads to the further advantage that no condensation moisture occurs as in the isothermal process, and that sticking together of the thread sheets can be avoided.

Es wurde weiter oben schon erwähnt, daß der Vordruck der Schlitzdüsen 16 etwas größer als der kritische Druck eingestellt werden, so daß die sich hierdurch an den Austrittsschlitzen 26 der Schlitzdüsen 16 einstellende Expansion des Luftstrahles die Fadenschar um ein geringes von der Düsenwand 18 abhebt.It has already been mentioned above that the admission pressure of the slot nozzles 16 is set somewhat higher than the critical pressure, so that the expansion of the air jet which arises at the outlet slots 26 of the slot nozzles 16 lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the nozzle wall 18.

Andererseits wird der Vordruck nicht zu hoch gewählt, sondern im möglichen Rahmen niedrig gehalten, da das Verhältnis von Energieaufwand zu Fadenabzugskraft bei einem niedrigen Düsenvordruck günstiger ist. Die untere Grenze des Vordrucks stellt sich dort ein, wo die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen den Fäden 12 und der Luft so gering ist, daß die Fadenabzugskraft überproportional abnimmt. Ein bevorzugter Wert des Verhältnisses von Energieaufwand zur Fadenabzugskraft liegt zwischen 1,1 und 5 bar.On the other hand, the admission pressure is not chosen too high, but is kept low, if possible, since the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is more favorable with a low nozzle admission pressure. The lower limit of the pre-pressure occurs where the relative speed between the threads 12 and the air is so low that the thread pulling force decreases disproportionately. A preferred value of the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is between 1.1 and 5 bar.

Der nähere Aufbau einer bei dem neuen Verfahren und der neuen Vorrichtung verwendeten Schlitzdüse 16 ergibt sich aus Fig. 3 - 7. Jede Schlitzdüse 16 besitzt eine Vorderkammer 34 und eine Hinterkammer 36, die über einen Spalt 42 von 1,5 mm miteinander in Verbindung stehen. Die Vorderkammer 34 mündet über einen Spalt 38 (1,5 mm) in den Austrittsschlitz 26 ein, wobei in der Zuführung zu dem Austrittsschlitz 26 Lamellen 40 nach Art eines Strömungsgitters angeordnet sind, um die turbulente Strömung vor dem Austrittsschlitz 26 auszurichten. In der Frontpartie der Schlitzdüsen 16 sind Bohrungen 20 für eine Kühlung mittels Kühlwasser oder dgl. vorgesehen, wie besonders deutlich in Fig. 3 zu erkennen ist. Innerhalb der Hinterkammer 36 erstreckt sich in jeder Schlitzdüse 16 jeweils ein Versorgungsrohr 44, dessen beiden äußeren Enden mit dem nicht dargestellten Kompressor verbunden sind, d. h. von beiden Seiten des Versorgungsrohres 44 der erfolgt eine Zuführung von Luft.The detailed structure of a slot nozzle 16 used in the new method and the new device is shown in FIGS. 3-7. Each slot nozzle 16 has a front chamber 34 and a rear chamber 36 which are connected to one another via a gap 42 of 1.5 mm . The front chamber 34 opens into the exit slot 26 via a gap 38 (1.5 mm), fins 40 being arranged in the manner of a flow grille in the feed to the exit slot 26 in order to align the turbulent flow in front of the exit slot 26. In the front part of the slot nozzles 16 there are bores 20 for cooling by means of cooling water or the like, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 3. A supply pipe 44, the two outer pipes, extends in each slot nozzle 16 within the rear chamber 36 Ends are connected to the compressor, not shown, that is, air is supplied from both sides of the supply pipe 44.

Die Wandung des Versorgungsrohres 44 verläuft nahe der oberen und unteren Wand der Hinterkammer 36 unter Bildung je eines Spaltes 48 und 50 von etwa 1,5 mm.The wall of the supply pipe 44 runs close to the upper and lower wall of the rear chamber 36, forming a gap 48 and 50 of approximately 1.5 mm each.

Das Versorgungsrohr 44 besitzt einen Schlitz 46, durch welchen die Luft von dem Kompressor in die Hinterkammer 36 austreten kann. Der Schlitz 46 erstreckt sich längs der gesamten Länge der Hinterkammer 36 und besitzt über die Länge unterschiedliche Schlitzweiten, wie in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellt ist. Im Sinne einer Vergleichmäßigung über die gesamte Schlitzdüsenbreite ist die Breite des Schlitzes symmetrisch zur Rohrmitte (in Längsrichtung gesehen) verändert. In der Rohrmitte beträgt die Schlitzbreite S 2 mm, und sie erweitert sich zu den Rohrenden hin diskret bis auf 3 und 4 mm. In der Praxis werden die Durchmessersprünge egalisiert, so daß sich der Schlitz 46 dann kontinuierlich von 2 mm in der Mitte auf 4 mm nach außen erweitert.The supply pipe 44 has a slot 46 through which the air can escape from the compressor into the rear chamber 36. The slot 46 extends along the entire length of the rear chamber 36 and has different slot widths over the length, as is shown schematically in FIG. 4. In order to equalize the entire width of the slot nozzle, the width of the slot is changed symmetrically to the center of the tube (seen in the longitudinal direction). In the middle of the pipe, the slot width S is 2 mm, and it widens discretely towards the pipe ends to 3 and 4 mm. In practice, the jumps in diameter are equalized, so that the slot 46 then continuously widens outwards from 2 mm in the middle to 4 mm.

Der erfindungsgemäße Gedanke ist nicht auf das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, vielmehr sind im Rahmen der Erfindung mancherlei Abwandlungen möglich. Im Vordergrund steht jeweils der Gedanke, die Fäden 12 nicht in Rohren, sondern unter Erzielung der Fadenabzugskraft längs einer ebenen Wandfläche, nämlich der Düsenwand 18, zu führen, um Verzwirnungen der einzelnen Fäden 12 zu vermeiden, und um somit eine gleichmäßige Flächengewichtsverteilung für die herzustellende Wirrvliesbahn zu gewährleisten.The idea according to the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described, but rather in Various modifications possible within the scope of the invention. In the foreground is the idea of not guiding the threads 12 in tubes, but rather to achieve the thread pulling force along a flat wall surface, namely the nozzle wall 18, in order to avoid twisting of the individual threads 12, and thus to achieve a uniform basis weight distribution for the one to be produced To ensure random fleece web.

Im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 3 ist ergänzend noch auf den bedeutsamen Umstand hinzuweisen, daß sich eine schlank auslaufende Düsenlippe in der Praxis auf Werkzeugmaschinen unter Umständen nur schwierig herstellen läßt. Um hier Abhilfe zu schaffen, wird in einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein aufgeklebtes Rakelblech 52 verwendet, welches die geforderten Bedingungen in einfacher und präziser Weise erfüllt.In connection with FIG. 3, it should also be pointed out that the fact that a slender nozzle lip can in practice be difficult to produce in machine tools. In order to remedy this situation, in an expedient embodiment of the invention, a glued doctor blade 52 is used which fulfills the required conditions in a simple and precise manner.

Claims (26)

  1. Method for producing randomly laid filament webs of synthetic threads which, under the influence of a gaseous blowing agent produced by a compressor or the like are drawn from spinnerets in the form of thread groups and placed on a substrate, characterized in that the thread group is drawn off in spaced manner along a die wall (18) formed by several superimposed slit dies (16) and along whose surface flows the gaseous blowing agent passing out of the slit dies (16) and that the compressor and the slit dies (16) are operated polytropically (approximately adiabatically).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaseous blowing agent, based on the die wall (18) passes out of the slit dies (16) at an angle of approximately 15° or smaller with respect to the vertical.
  3. Method according to claims 1 and/or 2, characterized in that after the thread group passes through the slit wall (18) it is placed by means of a per se known flip-flop changer (28) in surface-covering manner on the substrate, constructed as a screen conveyor belt (30) and which is under vacuum.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slit dies (16) are cooled (20).
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of the supply pressure of the slit dies (18) to the ambient air pressure is set higher than the Laval pressure ratio.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the thread group is kept spaced from the die wall (18) by the expansion of the blowing medium occurring at the exit from the slit dies (16).
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the threads (12) passing out of the spinnerets are cooled to ambient temperature by a transverse air flow (B).
  8. Apparatus for producing randomly laid filament webs of synthetic threads, comprising spinnerets, a take-off device with a compressor, a spreading device and a substrate, characterized in that the take-off device is formed by several superimposed slit dies (16) and that the latter and the compressor supplying the same are operated polytropically.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that below the die wall (18) formed by the slit dies (16) are provided two spaced Coanda shells (32) as flow sliding surfaces and that the Coanda shells (32) are reciprocatable (A) at right angles to the thread feed direction.
  10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the slit die (16) has an exit slit (26) positioned in such a way that the air supplied by the compressor, based on the thread supply direction, passes out at an angle of 15° or smaller.
  11. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the slit die ( 16) is provided with a cooling system (20).
  12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the cooling system (20) is located in the front area of the slit die (16) close to the exit slit (26).
  13. Apparatus according to claims 11 and/or 12, characterized in that the cooling system is formed by a plurality of bores (20) for a cooling fluid positioned at right angles to the thread supply direction.
  14. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the slit die (16) has a chamber space (34, 36), which issues into the exit slit (26) and is connected to the compressor.
  15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the chamber space comprises a front chamber (34) issuing into the exit slit (26) and a rear chamber (36) receiving the air from the compressor.
  16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the front chamber (34) and the rear chamber (36) are interconnected by a gap (42).
  17. Apparatus according to claims 15 and/or 16, characterized in that within the rear chamber (36) and at right angles to the thread supply direction is provided a supply pipe (44), whose two ends are connected to the compressor.
  18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that in the pipe wall is provided a slit (46) running in the longitudinal direction of the supply pipe (44) and through which the air supplied by the compressor passes out into the rear chamber (36).
  19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the width (S) of the slit (46) has different values considered over the pipe length.
  20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the slit width (S) in the middle of the supply pipe (44) has its minimum value and at the pipe ends its maximum value, the increase in the slit width (S) taking place symmetrically outwards from the pipe centre.
  21. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that there are three different slit widths (S) of 2, 3 and 4 mm.
  22. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the slit (46) is located at the rear side of the rear chamber (36) remote from the front chamber (34) and that the slit (46) is located centrally in the rear chamber (36).
  23. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 18 to 22, characterized in that, accompanied by the formation of in each case one gap (48, 50), the supply pipe (44) extends close to the upper and lower wall of the rear chamber (36).
  24. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 23, characterized in that the compressor, the supplies to the slit dies (16) and the backs of said dies (16) are insulated against heat transfer.
  25. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 24, characterized in that above the slit wall (18) formed by the slit dies (16) there is a horizontal adjustable pipe (14) for orienting the threads (12).
  26. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 25, characterized in that in the supply to the exit slit (26) lamellas (40) are provided, in order to orient the turbulent flow.
EP86116157A 1986-01-17 1986-11-21 Method for making randomly laid filament webs, and apparatus for carrying out this method Expired - Lifetime EP0230541B1 (en)

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DE1760713B2 (en) * 1968-06-22 1973-07-05 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A HANGING THREAD FLEECE FROM SYNTHETIC FEDS
DE1785158C3 (en) * 1968-08-17 1979-05-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Round nozzle for pulling off and depositing threads to form a thread fleece
DE1950669C3 (en) * 1969-10-08 1982-05-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the manufacture of nonwovens
DE2014240A1 (en) * 1970-03-25 1971-10-14 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the production of different random nonwovens on one production line
DE2053918B2 (en) * 1970-11-03 1976-09-30 Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CURLED FEDES FROM SYNTHETIC HIGH POLYMER
JPS5614714B2 (en) * 1972-06-23 1981-04-06
US3836346A (en) * 1973-08-17 1974-09-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for producing fibrous material
US3970417A (en) * 1974-04-24 1976-07-20 Beloit Corporation Twin triple chambered gas distribution system for melt blown microfiber production
DE2421401C3 (en) * 1974-05-03 1982-12-09 J.H. Benecke Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Device for distributing a thread bundle in the manufacture of spunbonded nonwovens
US4064605A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-12-27 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Method for producing non-woven webs
DE2618406B2 (en) * 1976-04-23 1979-07-26 Karl Fischer Apparate- & Rohrleitungsbau, 1000 Berlin Process for producing pre-oriented filament yarns from thermoplastic polymers
US4300876A (en) * 1979-12-12 1981-11-17 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Apparatus for fluidically attenuating filaments
US4334340A (en) * 1980-01-25 1982-06-15 Crown Zellerbach Corporation System and method for dispersing filaments
US4340563A (en) * 1980-05-05 1982-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for forming nonwoven webs
US4405297A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-09-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for forming nonwoven webs
US4316731A (en) * 1980-09-25 1982-02-23 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Method and apparatus for producing fibers
DE3406346C2 (en) * 1983-02-25 1986-08-28 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Melt spinning device for producing a group of filament threads
DE3504588C1 (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-07-17 J.H. Benecke Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Device for distributing a bundle of threads in spunbond production
US4600423A (en) * 1985-05-01 1986-07-15 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Method and apparatus for producing a continuous glass filament mat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3678935D1 (en) 1991-05-29
US5045271A (en) 1991-09-03
EP0230541A2 (en) 1987-08-05
EP0230541A3 (en) 1989-03-22
JPS62223361A (en) 1987-10-01
JPH0215658B2 (en) 1990-04-12
DE3601201C1 (en) 1987-07-09
ES2022101B3 (en) 1991-12-01
ATE62941T1 (en) 1991-05-15

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