EP0230462A1 - Process for sparkerosion or electrochemical machining of tapered gears with hypoid tooth profile or similar parts - Google Patents
Process for sparkerosion or electrochemical machining of tapered gears with hypoid tooth profile or similar partsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0230462A1 EP0230462A1 EP86904757A EP86904757A EP0230462A1 EP 0230462 A1 EP0230462 A1 EP 0230462A1 EP 86904757 A EP86904757 A EP 86904757A EP 86904757 A EP86904757 A EP 86904757A EP 0230462 A1 EP0230462 A1 EP 0230462A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- electrode
- tooth
- machining
- movements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/003—Making screw-threads or gears
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S204/00—Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
- Y10S204/09—Wave forms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for spark-erosive and / or electrochemical machining, in particular of bevel gears with curved teeth from a workpiece, the workpiece to be machined being in an electrode having its negative shape of a machine operating in a spark-erosive or electrochemical way by means of a screw-shaped machine relative to the electrode Movement is lowered.
- Bevel gears with curved teeth are mainly used in vehicle and helicopter transmissions. They are manufactured from high-alloy steels in a soft state on special gear cutting machines in rolling or in part processes with profiled cutting tools. Then they are hardened.
- a cylindrical or conical thread can only be produced with a constant thread pitch. If the thread pitch on the entire spiral changes more than the technologically determined width of the working gap, which is between the electrode and the workpiece, a positive connection will occur when the workpiece is screwed into the electrode. If the thread pitch along the entire thread spiral changes as little as the technologically determined width of the working gap, the thread is partially damaged when the workpiece is screwed into the electrode. It should also be noted here that in all three cases the workpiece and the electrode are equidistant in the end position.
- the bevel gears with curved teeth are complex three-dimensional bodies.
- the other data and properties of the bevel gears are determined by the generating machines.
- the required vibration and noise tolerances require that the geometrical accuracies have to be kept in the order of a few pm. It is not possible to machine bevel edges with curved teeth by screwing them into the electrode, which has the negative shape of the bevel gear, although the electrode would be equidistant from the bevel gear in the end position.
- the tooth flanks are partially or more severely damaged along the tooth width during the insertion of the workpiece into the electrode, and in the less favorable cases even a positive fit occurs.
- the invention solves the problem of creating a method for spark erosion and / or electrochemical machining of bevel gears with curved teeth or similar parts, in which the electrode is designed so that the negative tooth flanks against the The middle of the negative tooth gaps are screwed in at such a large angle that while the workpiece is being sunk into the electrode with a first spiral screwing movement, according to the gradient curve of the dental arch, between the electrode and the tooth flanks along the entire dental arch, at least there is such a large distance that no material is removed on the tooth flanks; the teeth are only pre-machined, positive locking and / or flank damage can no longer take place, and then the tooth flanks are rotated counterclockwise with a second rotation and clockwise with a third rotation. In the clockwise direction, separately depending on the direction of rotation, finished that the parameters of the machining generator are continuously adjusted during the movements depending on the distance still to be covered in order to obtain the desired surface without structural changes.
- the method according to the invention also allows the production of bevel gears with curved teeth from hard metals and other materials which are difficult to machine.
- the method according to the invention also allows the production of negative forms of bevel gears with curved teeth, which are used as very precise forging tools, die casting tools and as electrodes.
- FIG. 2 shows an electrode on the same scale, which has the exact negative shape of the workpiece and on which, according to the invention, the screwing in of the negative tooth flanks against the center of the negative tooth gap is indicated by dash-dot lines;
- Electrode with turned tooth flanks and
- FIG. 4 shows a spark-erosive machine for processing the workpieces shown in FIG. 1 by means of the electrode of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- an electrode 1 which is suitable for machining a workpiece 2 with the aid of relative movements between the electrode and the workpiece.
- the electrode and the workpiece are e.g. arranged on a spark erosion or electrochemical machine.
- the electrode 1 is designed such that the negative tooth flanks 3 are screwed in against the center 4 of the negative tooth gaps 5 with a large angle y.
- the angle / is selected such that while the workpiece 2 is sunk into the electrode 1 with a first spiral screw movement, which takes place according to the gradient curve of the dental arch, there is a distance between the screwed-in negative tooth flanks 7 and the tooth flanks 8 am entire dental arch. This distance is so large that material can no longer be removed from the tooth flanks 8.
- the teeth 9 are only pre-processed. Form locking or flank damage can no longer take place.
- the tooth flanks 8 are then finished with a second clockwise rotation and a third counterclockwise rotation, separated in time depending on the direction of rotation.
- the parameters of the machining generator such as ignition voltage, pulse shape, pulse current, pulse duration, pause, mean current value, working voltage, flushing pressure, flushing quantity, are continuously adapted depending on the distance still to be covered in order to achieve the desired surface without structural changes to obtain.
- the electrode 1 can also carry out the following alternative processing.
- the workpiece 2 is moved into the electrode 1 only to a depth at which the gap at the tooth head 9 and at the tooth base 10 is reduced to such an extent that material removal could also begin at these points under roughing conditions .
- This depth is referred to as the neutral position, because in this position neither the tooth flanks 8 nor the tooth base 10 nor the tooth head 9 can be damaged under roughing conditions.
- the tooth flanks 8, processed according to the direction of rotation are processed in a clockwise direction with a second movement sequence, which can be composed of screwing and rotating movements as desired.
- the workpiece 2 is returned to the neutral position with a third movement sequence. and finished with a fourth movement in the counterclockwise direction.
- the order of processing clockwise and counterclockwise can also be reversed.
- the parameters of the machining generator have to be continuously adapted as a function of the distance traveled, in order to obtain the desired surface without structural changes.
- the electrode 1 is expediently composed of a large number of parts which are electrically insulated from one another. Each electrode part is electrically connected to the spark erosion or electrochemical generator by its own cable. This enables multichannel machining with significantly shorter machining times.
- Electrodes 1 When machining bevel gears with curved teeth from the full piece or with too much material addition, it is expedient to use several electrodes 1 according to the invention in order to machine a workpiece with high accuracy. These electrodes can have the same or different spatial dimensions to have.
- FIG. 4 shows an electrical discharge machine 11 with which the workpiece 2 of FIG. 1 is produced.
- the workpiece can also be produced by an electrochemical machine tool.
- the dielectric container 13, in which the workpiece 2 is mounted is fastened on the machine table 12.
- the container 13 is drawn cut open for better illustration.
- the workpiece 2 is immersed in dielectric, which is a liquid.
- the suction cup 14 which sucks the dielectric through the working gap, which separates the electrode 1 and the workpiece 2 from one another during machining and is indispensable for spark machining.
- the dielectric is conveyed via the suction openings 15 and via lines, not shown, to a pump, not shown, and is pumped back into the container 13 after it has been cleaned.
- a gas escapes from the dielectric, which is removed by the symbolically drawn gas extraction system 16.
- the machine head 23, to which the electrode 1 is fastened as a tool for machining the workpiece, is slidably attached to the electrical discharge machine 11. Its displacements take place via the electric drive motor 27, which receives the control commands from the NC or CNC control system 29.
- the tachogenerator 28 transmits the rotations of the drive motor 27 to the control system 29.
- the control system receives the information about the executed movements of the machine head 23 via the linear scale 17 and measuring sensor 18 for the Z-axis 21
- the Z-axis is used for the feed and lift-off movements of the electrode 1.
- the electrode 1 can also move in the C-axis, whose circular directions of movement are represented by the arrows 20. These movements are carried out by the control system 29 by means of the electric drive motor 25.
- the tachometer generator 26 transmits the information about the executed rotations of the drive motor to the control system 29.
- the measuring system 23 transmits the executed movements of the electrode 1 in the C-axis to the control system 29.
- the spark erosion generator 30 generates the necessary for the current processing Ignition voltage, working voltage, pulse shape, pulse duration, pause between the pulses, pulse current, average current and gives the electrical machining parameters to the electrode 1 via the slip rings 22 and to the workpiece 2 via the machine table 12.
- the values of these electrical machining parameters change continuously during the machining of the workpiece 2 by the electrode 1.
- the Values of the pressure and the amount of the liquid dielectric The control system 29 always controls the spark erosion generator 30 in such a way that these electrical parameters are optimally adapted to the path still to be covered during the entire machining process.
- the control system also controls the flushing system, not shown, so that the dielectric liquid is optimally adapted to the conditions prevailing in the working gap during the machining process, the distance still to be covered being taken into account.
- the electrode 1 is advanced in the direction of the workpiece 2 and works the tooth flanks 8 of the teeth out of the full material.
- the finished workpiece 2 has been drawn in FIG. 4 because of the better overview.
- the movements in the Z and C axes are controlled in the manner described in connection with FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Dans le procédé ci-décrit où la pièce à usiner (2) est plongée dans l'électrode (1), on évite la liaison de forme entre la pièce à usiner (2) et l'électrode (1) et/ou l'endommagement des flancs de la pièce à usiner, et on obtient la précision et l'état de surface désirés en faisant tourner les flancs négatifs (7) de la dent selon un angle gamma par rapport au centre (4) de l'entredent négatif (5). Cela est combiné avec un premier, un deuxième, un troisième ou même avec un quatrième processus de mouvement et avec l'adaptation constante des paramètres du générateur d'usinage (30) en fonction de la trajectoire restant à parcourir.In the method described above, where the workpiece (2) is immersed in the electrode (1), the form connection between the workpiece (2) and the electrode (1) and/or the damage to the flanks of the workpiece, and the desired precision and surface finish is achieved by rotating the negative flanks (7) of the tooth at an angle gamma with respect to the center (4) of the negative tooth gap ( 5). This is combined with a first, a second, a third or even with a fourth movement process and with the constant adaptation of the parameters of the machining generator (30) according to the trajectory still to be traversed.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH338685 | 1985-08-08 | ||
CH3386/85 | 1985-08-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0230462A1 true EP0230462A1 (en) | 1987-08-05 |
Family
ID=4254840
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86904757A Withdrawn EP0230462A1 (en) | 1985-08-08 | 1986-08-08 | Process for sparkerosion or electrochemical machining of tapered gears with hypoid tooth profile or similar parts |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4772368A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0230462A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63500442A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987000782A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0300224B2 (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1998-09-30 | Yuzo Mori | Strainless precision after-treatment process by radical reaction |
US5002575A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1991-03-26 | Orthomet, Inc. | Bone implant prosthesis |
FR2643296A1 (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1990-08-24 | Renault | Method and device for machining a variable-pitch rack using spark erosion |
JPH0463634A (en) * | 1990-07-04 | 1992-02-28 | Shizuoka Seiki Co Ltd | Finish machining method for bevel gear by electrochemical machining and finish machining method for electrode |
TW405470U (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 2000-09-11 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Apparatus for machining and measuring a gear shape |
US5852951A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1998-12-29 | Briggs & Stratton Corporation | Composite gear and method of making same |
US6263571B1 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 2001-07-24 | David B. Dooner | Toothed gear design and manufacturing method |
NL1003233C2 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1997-12-03 | Skf Ind Trading & Dev | A method for manufacturing a bearing ring and a bearing comprising such a bearing ring. |
US6866769B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2005-03-15 | General Electric Company | Drive head and ECM method and tool for making same |
US6858125B2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2005-02-22 | General Electric Company | Multi-axis numerical control electromachining of bladed disks |
DE10358503A1 (en) * | 2003-12-13 | 2005-07-14 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Running gear and manufacturing method for such |
DE102004058445A1 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-14 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Process for the production of gears |
DE102005014642A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Electrodischarge machining device in particular for creation of rotor disk for turbomolecular pump comprising tool designed as triangular loop |
US20100083780A1 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-08 | Joseph Szuba | One piece ring gear-park brake drum |
US8215880B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2012-07-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Servo motor for actuating a mandrel while extruding helical teeth |
US8061174B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2011-11-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Preventing voids in extruded teeth or splines |
US20100083502A1 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-08 | Joseph Szuba | Method of forming a one piece component |
US8210016B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2012-07-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-station dies for extruding teeth |
US8230597B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2012-07-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Forming preforms and parts therefrom |
CN114198463B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-04-14 | 四川大学 | Variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace planetary gear transmission device and assembly method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3288699A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1966-11-29 | Ex Cell O Corp | Apparatus for electrochemical shaping |
CH464385A (en) * | 1966-07-29 | 1968-10-31 | Agie Ag Ind Elektronik | Machine for the electrical discharge machining of a workpiece using a subdivided electrode |
US3499830A (en) * | 1967-11-20 | 1970-03-10 | Cincinnati Milling Machine Co | Apparatus for electrochemically forming and finishing gears |
US3553095A (en) * | 1967-12-18 | 1971-01-05 | Lear Siegler Inc | Method and apparatus for ecm gear finishing |
DE7330369U (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1976-03-18 | Languepin, Carel Fouche, Paris | Device for electrical machining of workpieces |
DE2950998A1 (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1981-06-25 | Eksperimental'nyj naučno-issledovatel'skij institut metallorežuščich stankov, Moskva | ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSING METHOD FOR WORKPIECES AND DEVICE FOR REALIZING THEM |
US4350865A (en) * | 1980-11-21 | 1982-09-21 | Ford Motor Company | Method and device for forming a tapered extrusion die |
JPS6029213A (en) * | 1983-07-24 | 1985-02-14 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Electric discharge machining circuit |
-
1986
- 1986-08-08 JP JP61504178A patent/JPS63500442A/en active Pending
- 1986-08-08 US US07/046,885 patent/US4772368A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-08-08 WO PCT/CH1986/000113 patent/WO1987000782A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-08-08 EP EP86904757A patent/EP0230462A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8700782A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4772368A (en) | 1988-09-20 |
WO1987000782A1 (en) | 1987-02-12 |
JPS63500442A (en) | 1988-02-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870717 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: WERKZEUGMASCHINENFABRIK OERLIKON-BUEHRLE AG |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: RABIAN, LASZLO |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19890511 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19901218 |