EP0229983B1 - Sound-deadened grinding wheel - Google Patents

Sound-deadened grinding wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229983B1
EP0229983B1 EP86117294A EP86117294A EP0229983B1 EP 0229983 B1 EP0229983 B1 EP 0229983B1 EP 86117294 A EP86117294 A EP 86117294A EP 86117294 A EP86117294 A EP 86117294A EP 0229983 B1 EP0229983 B1 EP 0229983B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
layer
powder
mixture
process according
grinding
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EP86117294A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0229983A3 (en
EP0229983A2 (en
Inventor
Hans J. Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Padberg
Josef Keuler
Henning Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Brandin
Klaus H. Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Thormeier
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Cerasiv GmbH Innovatives Keramik Engineering
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Feldmuehle AG
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Priority to AT86117294T priority Critical patent/ATE47811T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/12—Cut-off wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of multi-layer grinding wheels, in particular multi-layer cutting and grinding wheels for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain and binder, and optionally fillers and possibly reinforcements, are introduced in layers in a mold with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials be pressed into a blank and the blank obtained is cured.
  • Abrasive bodies which due to their structure are less prone to generate vibrations, are called sound-absorbing abrasive bodies and are known as such from DE-OS 26 10 580, DE-OS 26 32 652 and AT-B 379 100. All these proposals have in common that damping layers are arranged between the actual grinding layers, which are made of a polymer or a vibration-damping film, for. B. of nitrile rubber.
  • DE-OS 26 32 652 describes connecting at least two finished, so-called “grinding plates” with a certain diameter-thickness ratio to one another by means of a polymer layer which is at least 0.2 mm thick and at most the thickness of the "grinding plates” having.
  • the polymer which can be an adhesive, is placed in the form of a solution, a paste or in a liquid or molten state between the two "grinding plates” and then dried, hardened or solidified in order to firmly bond the two "grinding plates” together .
  • a thermoplastic resin can be used as the polymer, but plastics which can be hardened by heat treatment are preferably used.
  • DE-OS 26 10 580 also assumes that several thin grinding wheels forming the layers of abrasive material are coated with a binder, placed on top of one another and pressed. To achieve greater thicknesses of the damping layers, disks made of thermoplastic film and disks made of abrasive material can also be alternately stacked and pressed together at temperature so that the thermoplastic material bonds with the disks made of abrasive material.
  • AT-B 379 100 provides that a vibration-damping film, for. B. of nitrile rubber, is placed and pressed with the abrasive grain.
  • the grinding wheel blank thus produced is clamped between packing plates and cured in the furnace.
  • a sheet of nitrile rubber stamped to match the shape or this sheet is first laminated onto the fabric and then must be placed together with it in the press and after pressing the abrasive body blanks clamped between packing plates must be cured in the oven The process is extremely time-consuming and therefore labor-intensive.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to demonstrate a method which ensures perfect adhesion between the abrasive and the sound-absorbing material over the entire surface of the layer and in which this sound-absorbing layer can also be applied and applied quickly and easily.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing multi-layer grinding wheels, in particular cutting and grinding wheels for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain, binder and, if appropriate, fillers and possibly reinforcements are introduced into a mold in layers with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials are pressed into a blank and the raw material obtained is cured, with the characteristic feature that the layer or layers of vibration-damping material are introduced into the mold in the form of a fine-grained, free-flowing powder or granulate.
  • the vibration-damping material is used in powder and / or granulate form and is also fine-grained, the applied layer automatically matches the previous one and following layer in their surface structure, ie there is no free space between the individual layers after they have been pressed.
  • the powder or granulate also ensures that there is no unwanted springing after pressing the grinding wheel, since abrasive grain areas protruding from the abrasive grain layer or the reinforcement are embedded in the layer of vibration-damping material from the outset and therefore cannot press against a compact surface, which leads to Springing leads.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least one elastomer is introduced as a powder or granulate, which withstands a heat load of more than 110 ° C.
  • butyl rubber for example in the form of Perbunan N, neoprene, fluoroelastomers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, silicone rubber, polysulfite rubber and hypalon, are also suitable here. All of these elastomers have to be more or less modified to withstand the required heat load and still have the elasticity required to reduce the sound level.
  • Another advantageous possibility is to introduce a mixture of one or more synthetic resins and one or more elastomers as powder or granulate.
  • the use of a synthetic resin in connection with the rubber results in a better connection between the sound-absorbing layer and the abrasive grain, which as such is also bonded with synthetic resin.
  • the choice of synthetic resin depends on the temperature resistance first, but secondly on the compatibility with the rubber and the synthetic resin that is used as a binding agent for the abrasive grain when building the grinding wheel.
  • a phenol-formaldehyde resin can also be used as the synthetic resin for the damping layer.
  • the use of other thermosets, such as. B. melamine resin, urea resins and polyester resins are conceivable.
  • Epoxy resin is particularly suitable because of its high strength and the good connection to the phenolic resins and the rubber.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that an epoxy resin is mixed with a nitrile rubber in a ratio of 10:90 to 70:30.
  • the optimal range for sound absorption and grinding performance is when 15 to 25% epoxy resin is added to the nitrile rubber.
  • the handling of the sound-absorbing material is a particular difficulty in the manufacture of the sound-absorbing grinding wheels. More or less all materials which are easy to use have a high level of stickiness and are therefore not free-flowing. Stickiness is to be understood as meaning that the individual particles accumulate to form larger agglomerates, ie the material is of inhomogeneous consistency, and agglomerations form, which results in an uneven distribution when pressed lung leads. This also makes the finished grinding wheel inhomogeneous. In addition, the material adheres to the slides of the press.
  • the homogeneous mixture obtained in this way is tack-free and therefore easy to incorporate into the mold.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the mixture is brought to a granulate size of 50 to 2,000 1 1m in a granulator with the addition of filler.
  • the granulation is simplified by the addition of the filler, at the same time the stickiness is reduced so much that a free-flowing granulate results.
  • the size of the granulate is important for the flowability, on the other hand it represents a requirement which depends on the grain size of the abrasive grains required for the grinding wheel. So you will always try to use a finer granulate than the abrasive grain used for the grinding wheel in order to achieve the densest possible packing and thus a good connection between the abrasive grain and the damping layer.
  • inorganic filler such as MgO, ZnO, talc or marble powder is added to the mixture. All of these fillers reduce the stickiness considerably, without this hindering the reactions when the grinding wheel hardens.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a mixture of cork powder and synthetic resin is introduced as powder or granulate.
  • the cork flour expediently has a grain size that is between 50 and 1,000 ⁇ m
  • epoxy resin is expediently used as the synthetic resin. The invention is explained below using examples.
  • 300 g of the resol 433 were added to 7,780 g of the corundum mixture and mixed in a planetary stirrer for five minutes. The wetted grain was then mixed with 400 g pyrite and 400 g cryolite and 1120 g novolak 227. Resulting agglomerates and agglomerations were screened off. 300 g of the homogeneous, free-flowing grinding wheel mixture obtained in this way were evenly distributed in a press mold, and in addition two external and one internal fabric reinforcement were introduced. The mixture was pressed into disks with an outside diameter of 178 mm, a bore diameter of 22 mm and a disk thickness of 88 mm.
  • the blank obtained was stacked with several other blanks of the same type and cured according to a temperature curve customary for phenolic resins, ie heating up to 90 ° C. in four hours; Heating up to 120 ° C in three hours, holding time at 120 ° C five hours, heating up to 180 degrees in three hours, holding time at 180 ° C two hours, then cooling to room temperature.
  • a temperature curve customary for phenolic resins ie heating up to 90 ° C. in four hours; Heating up to 120 ° C in three hours, holding time at 120 ° C five hours, heating up to 180 degrees in three hours, holding time at 180 ° C two hours, then cooling to room temperature.
  • an electrical corundum of grain 30 was used as the abrasive grain, which is ceramic coated, i. H. that the surface of the grain is partially coated with silicates to improve the adhesion with the binder.
  • the formulation of the grinding wheel mixture and its production correspond to example 1.
  • the grinding wheel consists of three grinding layers, two damping layers and three fabric reinforcements. 270 g of grinding wheel mixture were divided into three layers, so that 90 g were used per layer. 40 g of damping material were introduced as the damping layer, which were divided into two layers of 20 g each. The layers were alternately filled into the mold, with the grinding wheel mixture as the lowest, and a fabric reinforcement was inserted over the damping layers. The blank pressed to nominal size was cured as in Example 1, the thickness of the damping layer after curing averaged 1.3 mm.
  • a nitrile rubber which is commercially available under the name Hycar
  • Hycar an epoxy resin, commercially available under the name Araldit
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • 790 g of Hycar resin, 200 g of araldite and 10 g of MgO were stirred for five minutes in a planetary stirrer, the MgO addition improving the processability of the mixture, i. H. avoiding caking and lump formation.
  • the powder obtained had an average diameter of 100 ⁇ m.
  • the formulation and manufacture of the noise-dampened grinding wheel corresponds to Example 3 with the exception of the damping layer.
  • the damping layer consisted of 41.7% by weight of cork powder with an average diameter of 250 ⁇ m, 16.6% by weight of a wetting agent, commercially available under SZ 449 ( Bakelite) and 41.7% by weight epoxy resin, commercially available under SB 330 (Bakelite). 417 g of cork flour were mixed with 166 g of humidifier SZ 449 for five minutes. The moistened cork flour was then mixed with 417 g of epoxy resin powder SP 330 and stirred for a further five minutes.
  • the formulation of the grinding layer corresponds to example 2.
  • the formulation of the damping layer corresponds to example 3. Two damping layers were introduced.
  • the formulation of the abrasive layer and the position of the fabric reinforcement correspond to Example 2, but an additional damping layer, the thickness of which was 2.5 mm, was introduced before the middle fabric reinforcement was inserted.
  • the formulation of the grinding wheel mixture corresponds to example 2, the formulation of the damping layer to example 3.
  • the damping layers were arranged on the outer layers directly behind the fabric reinforcements, so that they included the grinding wheel mixture.
  • Example 6 Corresponds to Example 6, but a mixture of 10% by weight of epoxy resin and 90% by weight of nitrile rubber was used as the damping layer material.
  • Example 6 Corresponds to Example 6, but a mixture of 30% by weight epoxy resin and 70% by weight nitrile rubber was used as the damping layer material.
  • the disks manufactured according to the aforementioned nine examples were subjected to a grinding test together with a commercially available disk in accordance with AT-AS 46 15/82 (example 10 in Table 2). It was ground with an angle grinder from Bosch, type 060 1331, the sound level was measured in front of a closed grinding cabin at a distance of 2 m from the workpiece. The intrinsic noise of the angle grinder was 67 dBA. A device from Rhode and Schwarz EL-DO 4, measuring range 16 Hz to 16 KHz using an A filter was used as the measuring device. A tube made of St 35 with a diameter of 191 mm and a wall thickness of 17 mm was ground. The grinding time was 10 minutes.
  • a grinding wheel 1 consists of several layers which are successively inserted into the hollow shape of the press during the production process.
  • a fabric reinforcement 5 is applied to the annular flange 3 according to the two figures mentioned, to which the abrasive layer made of abrasive grain 6, which is coated with binder 7, is then applied by means of a slide. Over this layer, the vibration-damping material is applied in the form of a powder, which forms the damping layer 8 after the fully pressed pane has hardened.
  • a further fabric reinforcement 5 is placed on the powder made of vibration-damping material, then a second layer of abrasive grain 6 coated with binder 7 is applied, and a third fabric reinforcement 5 is placed over it as a finish. The layer structure achieved in this way is pressed to the desired dimension and then cured as described.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the structure of a grinding wheel with two damping layers 8 and three fabric reinforcements 5, the fabric reinforcement 5 being arranged both outside and in the middle of the flexible disk 1 '.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 differ from FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the damping layer 8 continues to consist of individual particles, namely cork particles 4 coated with synthetic resin 4 ′, even after the pressing and curing.
  • the other structure of this disk 1 "is identical to that according to Figure 1 or 2.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
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Abstract

1. A process for the manufacture of multi-layer grinding discs, in particular multi-layer cutting-off and rough-working discs for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain, bonding agents and, if necessary, fillers and, if necessary, reinforcements, are introduced into a mould in layers with at least one layer of interposed vibration-absorbing materials, the mixtures are compressed to form a moulded blank, and the resulting moulded blank is cured, characterized in that the layer or layers of vibration-absorbing material is/are incorporated in the mould in the form of a fine-grained, pourable powder and/or granules.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen mehrschichtiger Schleifscheiben, insbesondere mehrschichtiger Trenn- und Schruppscheiben für das Freihandschleifen, bei denen Mischungen von Schleifkorn und Bindemittel sowie ggf. Füllstoffen und ggf. Armierungen schichtweise unter Zwischenschaltung mindestens einer Schicht aus schwingungsdämpfenden Materialien in eine Form eingebracht, zu einem Rohling verpreßt werden und der erhaltene Rohling ausgehärtet wird.The invention relates to a process for the production of multi-layer grinding wheels, in particular multi-layer cutting and grinding wheels for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain and binder, and optionally fillers and possibly reinforcements, are introduced in layers in a mold with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials be pressed into a blank and the blank obtained is cured.

Beim Schleifen und Trennen, insbesondere aber beim Freihandschleifen, entstehen Schwingungen, die zu einer erheblichen Lärmbelästigung führen, wobei diese Schwingungen sowohl am Werkstück als auch an der Antriebsmaschine und an der Schleifscheibe selbst auftreten. Ist est bei stationären Maschinen noch möglich, diese Schwingungen zumindest zum Teil zu dämpfen, oder die Maschine als solche zu kapseln und damit den Lärm für das Bedienungspersonal zu reduzieren, so besteht diese Möglichkeit bei der Arbeit mit Handschleifgeräten, bei denen Trenn- oder Schruppscheiben, im allgemeinen als Flexscheiben bezeichnet, verwandt werden, im allgemeinen nicht. Im Zuge des fortschreitenden Umweltbewußtseins besteht also ein erheblicher Bedarf an Schleifscheiben, die beim Arbeitseinsatz eine reduzierte Geräuschentwicklung aufweisen. Schleifkörper, die aufgrund ihres Aufbaues weniger dazu neigen, Schwingungen zu erzeugen, werden schallgedämpfte Schleifkörper genannt und sind als solche durch die DE-OS 26 10 580, die DE-OS 26 32 652 und die AT-B 379 100 bekannt. Allen diesen Vorschlägen ist gemeinsam, daß zwischen den eigentlichen Schleifschichten Dämpfungsschichten angeordnet sind, die aus einem Polymer oder einer schwingungsdämpfenden Folie, z. B. aus Nitrilkautschuk, bestehen können.During grinding and cutting, but especially during free-hand grinding, vibrations occur which lead to considerable noise pollution, which vibrations occur both on the workpiece and on the drive machine and on the grinding wheel itself. If it is still possible with stationary machines to at least partially dampen these vibrations, or to encapsulate the machine as such and thus reduce noise for the operating personnel, this option is available when working with hand grinders in which cutting or grinding discs, generally referred to as flex disks, generally not. In the course of increasing environmental awareness, there is therefore a considerable need for grinding wheels which have a reduced noise level when used. Abrasive bodies, which due to their structure are less prone to generate vibrations, are called sound-absorbing abrasive bodies and are known as such from DE-OS 26 10 580, DE-OS 26 32 652 and AT-B 379 100. All these proposals have in common that damping layers are arranged between the actual grinding layers, which are made of a polymer or a vibration-damping film, for. B. of nitrile rubber.

Die Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser bekannten Schleifscheiben sind jedoch sehr aufwendig. So wird in der DE-OS 26 32 652 beschrieben, mindestens zwei fertige, sogenannte "Schleifteller", mit einem bestimmten Durchmesser-Dickenverhältnis durch eine Polymerschicht miteinander zu verbinden, die wenigstens 0,2 mm stark ist und höchstens die Dicke der "Schleifteller" aufweist. Das Polymer, das ein Kleber sein kann, wird in Form einer Lösung, einer Paste oder in flüssigem bzw. geschmolzenem Zustand zwischen die beiden "Schleifteller" gebracht und anschließend getrocknet, gehärtet oder verfestigt, um so die beiden "Schleifteller" fest miteinander zu verbinden. Als Polymer kann dabei ein thermoplastisches Harz eingesetzt werden, bevorzugt werden jedoch durch Wärmebehandlung härtbare Kunststoffe verwendet.However, the processes for producing these known grinding wheels are very complex. For example, DE-OS 26 32 652 describes connecting at least two finished, so-called "grinding plates" with a certain diameter-thickness ratio to one another by means of a polymer layer which is at least 0.2 mm thick and at most the thickness of the "grinding plates" having. The polymer, which can be an adhesive, is placed in the form of a solution, a paste or in a liquid or molten state between the two "grinding plates" and then dried, hardened or solidified in order to firmly bond the two "grinding plates" together . A thermoplastic resin can be used as the polymer, but plastics which can be hardened by heat treatment are preferably used.

Das Verfahren ist sehr aufwendig, da bei diesem Verfahren zunächst fertige "Schleifteller" hergestellt werden müssen, die im Nachhinein miteinander verbunden werden.The process is very complex since, in this process, finished “grinding plates” first have to be produced, which are subsequently connected to one another.

Auch die DE-OS 26 10 580 geht davon aus, daß mehrere dünne, die Schichten aus Schleifmaterial bildenden Schleifscheiben mit einem Bindemittel bestrichen, aufeinandergelegt und verpreßt werden. Zur Erzielung größerer Dicken der Dämpfungsschichten können auch Scheiben aus thermoplastischer Folie und Scheiben aus Schleifmaterial abwechselnd übereinander geschichtet und bei Temperatur miteinander verpreßt werden, so daß sich das thermoplastische Material mit den Scheiben aus Schleifmaterial verbindet.DE-OS 26 10 580 also assumes that several thin grinding wheels forming the layers of abrasive material are coated with a binder, placed on top of one another and pressed. To achieve greater thicknesses of the damping layers, disks made of thermoplastic film and disks made of abrasive material can also be alternately stacked and pressed together at temperature so that the thermoplastic material bonds with the disks made of abrasive material.

Abweichend von den beiden vorgenannten Schriften, die von einem bereits fertigen "Schleifteller" ausgehen, sieht die AT-B 379 100 vor, daß in einer Presse auf eine Schleifkornmischung eine schwingungsdämpfende Folie, z. B. aus Nitrilkautschuk, aufgelegt und mit der Schleifkornmasse verpreßt wird. Der so erzeugte Schleifkörperrohling wird zwischen Packplatten eingespannt und so im Ofen ausgehärtet. Dadurch, daß jeweils eine für die Form passend gestanzte Folie aus Nitrilkautschuk oder diese Folie zunächst auf das Gewebe aufkaschiert wird und dann gemeinsam mit diesem in die Presse eingelegt werden muß und nach dem Pressen die Schleifkörperrohlinge zwischen Packplatten eingespannt im Ofen ausgehärtet werden müssen, ist das Verfahren ausgesprochen zeit- und damit lohnkostenaufwendig.Deviating from the two above-mentioned documents, which start from an already finished "sanding plate", AT-B 379 100 provides that a vibration-damping film, for. B. of nitrile rubber, is placed and pressed with the abrasive grain. The grinding wheel blank thus produced is clamped between packing plates and cured in the furnace. The fact that a sheet of nitrile rubber stamped to match the shape or this sheet is first laminated onto the fabric and then must be placed together with it in the press and after pressing the abrasive body blanks clamped between packing plates must be cured in the oven The process is extremely time-consuming and therefore labor-intensive.

Nachteilig ist ferner, daß der gepreßte Rohling nach dem Pressen immer etwas auffedert, was auf die Elastizität der eingelegten schwingungsdämpfenden Folie zurückzuführen ist. Damit verschlechtert sich die Verbindung mit den angrenzenden Schleifkornschichten, so daß die Gefahr besteht, daß einzelne Bereiche der Schleifkornschichten die eingelegte Folieschicht nicht berühren und es dadurch hier zu keiner Bindung kommt.Another disadvantage is that the pressed blank always springs slightly after pressing, which is due to the elasticity of the inserted vibration-damping film. This worsens the connection with the adjacent abrasive grain layers, so that there is a risk that individual areas of the abrasive grain layers do not touch the inserted film layer and there is no bond here.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher, ein Verfahren aufzuzeigen, das eine einwandfreie Haftung zwischen Schleifmittel und schalldämpfendem Material über die ganze Fläche der Schicht gewährleistet und bei dem ferner diese schalldämpfende Schicht schnell und einfach ein- bzw. aufzubringen ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to demonstrate a method which ensures perfect adhesion between the abrasive and the sound-absorbing material over the entire surface of the layer and in which this sound-absorbing layer can also be applied and applied quickly and easily.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen mehrschichtiger Schleifscheiben, insbesondere Trenn- und Schruppscheiben für das Freihandschleifen, bei denen Mischungen von Schleifkorn, Bindemittel sowie ggf. Füllstoffen und ggf. Armierungen schichtweise unter Zwischenschaltung mindestens einer Schicht aus schwingungsdämpfenden Materialien in eine Form eingebracht, zu einem Rohling verpreßt werden und der erhaltene Rohlung ausgehärtet wird, mit dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal, daß die Schicht bzw. die Schichten aus schwingungsdämpfendem Material in Form eines feinkörnigen, rieselfähigen Pulvers oder Granulats in die Form eingebracht werden.This object is achieved by a method for producing multi-layer grinding wheels, in particular cutting and grinding wheels for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain, binder and, if appropriate, fillers and possibly reinforcements are introduced into a mold in layers with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials are pressed into a blank and the raw material obtained is cured, with the characteristic feature that the layer or layers of vibration-damping material are introduced into the mold in the form of a fine-grained, free-flowing powder or granulate.

Dadurch, daß das schwingungsdämpfende Material in Pulver- und/oder Granulatform eingesetzt wird und auch noch feinkörnig ist, paßt sich die aufgebrachte Schicht automatisch der vorhergehenden und folgenden Schicht in ihrer Oberflächenstruktur an, d. h. es entsteht kein Freiraum zwischen den einzelnen Lagen, nachdem diese verpreßt sind. Das Pulver oder Granulat gewährleistet ferner, daß keine unerwünschte Auffederung nach dem Pressen der Schleifscheibe erfolgt, da aus der Schleifkornschicht hervorstehende Schleifkornbereiche bzw. die Armierung von vornherein in die Schicht aus schwingungsdämpfendem Material eingelagert werden und damit nicht gegen eine kompakte Fläche drücken können, was zum Auffedern führt.Because the vibration-damping material is used in powder and / or granulate form and is also fine-grained, the applied layer automatically matches the previous one and following layer in their surface structure, ie there is no free space between the individual layers after they have been pressed. The powder or granulate also ensures that there is no unwanted springing after pressing the grinding wheel, since abrasive grain areas protruding from the abrasive grain layer or the reinforcement are embedded in the layer of vibration-damping material from the outset and therefore cannot press against a compact surface, which leads to Springing leads.

Da der Rohling nicht auffedert, erübrigt sich auch das Zwischenlagern und Aushärten im Ofen unter Spannung. Der Vorteil gegenüber dem bekannten Stand der Technik liegt also nicht nur im schneller möglichen Einbringen des pulver- oder granulatförmigen Materials auf handelsüblichen Pressen, wie sie seit langer Zeit zur Herstellung der Schleifscheiben eingesetzt werden, sondern zusätzlich darin, daß keine zusätzlichen Arbeiten nach dem Preßvorgang erforderlich sind.Since the blank does not spring open, there is also no need for intermediate storage and curing in the oven under tension. The advantage over the known prior art is therefore not only in the faster possible introduction of the powder or granular material on commercially available presses, such as have been used for a long time to manufacture the grinding wheels, but also in the fact that no additional work is required after the pressing process are.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß als Pulver oder Granulat mindestens ein Elastomer eingebracht wird, das einer Hitzebelastung von mehr als 110°C standhält.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least one elastomer is introduced as a powder or granulate, which withstands a heat load of more than 110 ° C.

Außer verschiedenen Natur- und Synthesekautschuktypen kommen hier auch Butylkautschuk, Nitrilkautschuk, beispielsweise in der Form von Perbunan N, Neoprene, Fluorelastomere, Polyacrylate, Polyurethane, Silikonkautschuk, Polysulfitkautschuk und Hypalon in Frage. Alle diese Elastomere müssen mehr oder weniger modifiziert sein, um der geforderten Hitzebelastung standzuhalten und trotzdem die erforderliche Elastizität aufzuweisen, die zur Reduzierung des Schallpegels erforderlich ist.In addition to various types of natural and synthetic rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, for example in the form of Perbunan N, neoprene, fluoroelastomers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, silicone rubber, polysulfite rubber and hypalon, are also suitable here. All of these elastomers have to be more or less modified to withstand the required heat load and still have the elasticity required to reduce the sound level.

Die Überprüfung diverser Dämpfungsschichtmaterialien ergab, daß die Stauchung zylindrischer Modellkörper unter definierten Bedingungen, d. h. Belastung 5 kp, Abmessung: Durchmesser 15 mm, Höhe = 20 mm, eine sehr gute Aussage über die Reduzierung des Schallpegels beim späteren Schleifvorgang ergibt. Mit zunehmender Elastizität nimmt die Schalldämpfung zu. Gleichzeitig aber verschlechtert sich die Verarbeitbarkeit der Dämpfungsschichtmischung sowie die Festigkeit bei der schallgedämpften Schleifscheibe. Wie der Tabelle 1 zu entnehmen ist, werden die hinsichtlich des Schallpegels günstigsten Ergebnisse bei einer Stauchung zwischen 4,2 und 18,4 % erzielt. Bei einer Stauchung oberhalb 24 % ließ sich die Dämpfungsschichtmischung nur schlecht verarbeiten, und der Festigkeitsabfall bei der fertigen schallgedämpften Schleifscheibe war so groß, daß diese nicht mehr einsetzbar war.

Figure imgb0001
The examination of various damping layer materials showed that the compression of cylindrical model bodies under defined conditions, ie load 5 kp, dimension: diameter 15 mm, height = 20 mm, gives a very good statement about the reduction of the sound level during the later grinding process. Sound absorption increases with increasing elasticity. At the same time, however, the processability of the damping layer mixture and the strength of the soundproofed grinding wheel deteriorate. As can be seen in Table 1, the best results in terms of sound level are achieved with a compression between 4.2 and 18.4%. With an upsetting above 24%, the damping layer mixture was difficult to process, and the drop in strength in the finished, sound-damped grinding wheel was so great that it could no longer be used.
Figure imgb0001

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Möglichkeit ist, als Pulver oder Granulat eine Mischung aus einem oder mehreren Kunstharzen und einem oder mehreren Elastomeren einzubringen. Die Verwendung eines Kunstharzes in Verbindung mit dem Kautschuk ergibt eine bessere Verbindung zwischen schalldämpfender Schicht und dem Schleifkorn, das als solches ja ebenfalls kunstharzgebunden ist. Die Wahl des Kunstharzes richtet sich dabei zum ersten nach der Temperaturbeständigkeit, zum zweiten aber nach der Verträglichkeit mit dem Kautschuk und dem Kunstharz, das als Bindemittel für das Schleifkorn beim Aufbau der Schleifscheibe eingesetzt wird. Bei Verwendung der üblicherweise für kunstharzgebundene Schleifkörper eingesetzten Phenol-Formaldehydharze kann als Kunstharz für die Dämpfungsschicht ebenfalls ein Phenol-Formaldehydharz eingesetzt werden. Auch ist der Einsatz weiterer Duroplaste, wie z. B. Melaminharz, Harnstoffharze und Polyesterharze denkbar.Another advantageous possibility is to introduce a mixture of one or more synthetic resins and one or more elastomers as powder or granulate. The use of a synthetic resin in connection with the rubber results in a better connection between the sound-absorbing layer and the abrasive grain, which as such is also bonded with synthetic resin. The choice of synthetic resin depends on the temperature resistance first, but secondly on the compatibility with the rubber and the synthetic resin that is used as a binding agent for the abrasive grain when building the grinding wheel. When using the phenol-formaldehyde resins commonly used for synthetic resin-bonded abrasives, a phenol-formaldehyde resin can also be used as the synthetic resin for the damping layer. The use of other thermosets, such as. B. melamine resin, urea resins and polyester resins are conceivable.

Besonders gut geeignet wegen seiner hohen Festigkeit und der guten Verbindung zu den Phenolharzen und dem Kautschuk ist Epoxidharz.Epoxy resin is particularly suitable because of its high strength and the good connection to the phenolic resins and the rubber.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß ein Epoxidharz mit einem Nitrilkautschuk im Mengenverhältnis von 10 : 90 bis 70 : 30 gemischt wird.A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that an epoxy resin is mixed with a nitrile rubber in a ratio of 10:90 to 70:30.

Mit zunehmendem Epoxidharzgehalt sinkt die Schalldämpfung und die Festigkeit der schallgedämpften Schleifscheibe steigt. Der optimale Bereich für Schalldämpfung und Schleifleistung liegt bei einem Zusatz von 15 bis 25 % Epoxidharz zum Nitrilkautschuk.As the epoxy resin content increases, the sound absorption decreases and the strength of the soundproofed grinding wheel increases. The optimal range for sound absorption and grinding performance is when 15 to 25% epoxy resin is added to the nitrile rubber.

Eine besondere Schwierigkeit bei der Fertigung der schallgedämpften Schleifscheiben stellt die Behandlung des schalldämpfenden Materiales dar. Mehr oder weniger alle gut einsetzbaren Materialien weisen eine hohe Klebrigkeit auf und sind damit nicht rieselfähig. Unter Klebrigkeit ist zu verstehen, daß die einzelnen Partikel sich zu größeren Agglomeraten zusammenlagern, d. h. das Material ist von inhomogener Konsistenz, es bilden sich Zusammenballungen, was beim Pressen zu ungleichmäßiger Verteilung führt. Damit wird die fertige Schleifscheibe ebenfalls inhomogen. Außerdem haftet das Material an den Schiebern der Presse an.The handling of the sound-absorbing material is a particular difficulty in the manufacture of the sound-absorbing grinding wheels. More or less all materials which are easy to use have a high level of stickiness and are therefore not free-flowing. Stickiness is to be understood as meaning that the individual particles accumulate to form larger agglomerates, ie the material is of inhomogeneous consistency, and agglomerations form, which results in an uneven distribution when pressed lung leads. This also makes the finished grinding wheel inhomogeneous. In addition, the material adheres to the slides of the press.

Besonderer Bedeutung kommt deshalb der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zu, die vorsieht, daß die Mischung unter Zusatz eines Füllstoffes homogenisiert wird.Of particular importance is therefore the embodiment of the invention, which provides that the mixture is homogenized with the addition of a filler.

Die so erzielte homogene Mischung ist klebfrei und damit gut in die Form einzubringen. Es besteht jedoch die Gefahr, daß besonders Mischungen aus feinem Pulver stauben. Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht deshalb vor, daß die Mischung in einem Granulator unter Zugabe von Füllstoff auf eine Granulatgröße von 50 bis 2.000 11m gebracht wird.The homogeneous mixture obtained in this way is tack-free and therefore easy to incorporate into the mold. However, there is a risk that especially mixtures of fine powder will dust. An advantageous embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the mixture is brought to a granulate size of 50 to 2,000 1 1m in a granulator with the addition of filler.

Das Granulieren wird durch den Zusatz des Füllstoffes vereinfacht, gleichzeitig wird die Klebrigkeit so weit reduziert, daß sich ein rieselfähiges Granulat ergibt. Die Granulatgröße ist auf der einen Seite für die Rieselfähigkeit von Bedeutung, auf der anderen Seite stellt sie eine Anforderung dar, die von der Korngröße der für die Schleifscheibe benötigten Schleifkörner abhängig ist. So wird man stets versuchen, ein feineres Granulat als das für die Schleifscheibe eingesetzte Schleifkorn zu verwenden, um so eine möglichst dichte Packung und damit eine gute Verbindung zwischen Schleifkorn und Dämpfungsschicht zu erreichen.The granulation is simplified by the addition of the filler, at the same time the stickiness is reduced so much that a free-flowing granulate results. On the one hand, the size of the granulate is important for the flowability, on the other hand it represents a requirement which depends on the grain size of the abrasive grains required for the grinding wheel. So you will always try to use a finer granulate than the abrasive grain used for the grinding wheel in order to achieve the densest possible packing and thus a good connection between the abrasive grain and the damping layer.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Mischung bis zu 5 % anorganischer Füllstoff wie MgO, ZnO, Talkum oder Marmormehl zugesetzt. Alle dieser Füllstoffe setzen die Klebrigkeit erheblich herab, ohne daß dadurch die Reaktionen beim Aushärten der Schleifscheibe behindert werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, up to 5% inorganic filler such as MgO, ZnO, talc or marble powder is added to the mixture. All of these fillers reduce the stickiness considerably, without this hindering the reactions when the grinding wheel hardens.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß als Pulver oder Granulat eine Mischung aus Korkmehl und Kunstharz eingebracht wird. Das Korkmehl weist dabei zweckmäßig eine Korngröße auf, die zwischen 50 und 1.000 µm liegt, als Kunstharz wird zweckmäßig Epoxidharz verwandt. Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Beispielen erläutert.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a mixture of cork powder and synthetic resin is introduced as powder or granulate. The cork flour expediently has a grain size that is between 50 and 1,000 μm, epoxy resin is expediently used as the synthetic resin. The invention is explained below using examples.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ungedämpfte Schleifscheibe aus üblicher Serienfertigung.

  • Schleifscheibenabmessung Durchmesser 178 mm
  • Stärke 8 mm
  • Bohrung 22 mm.
  • Als Schleifkorn wird Elektrokorund eingesetzt. Die Körnungsbezeichnung entspricht dem Fepa-Standard. Es wird ein Mischkorn verwendet, bestehend aus 25,9 Gew.% Körnung 24;
  • 25,9 Gew.% Körnung 30 und
  • 25,9 Gew.% Körnung 36.
  • Als Bindemittel wurde zugesetzt
  • 3 Gew.% Phenol-Formaldehyd-Resol, im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Bakelite Resol 433 erhältlich, 11,3 Gew.% Phenol-Formaldehyd-Novolak, im Handel unter Bakelite Novolak 227 erhältlich,
  • 4 Gew.% Pyrit,
  • 4 Gew.% Kryolith.
Undamped grinding wheel from standard series production.
  • Grinding wheel diameter 178 mm
  • Thickness 8 mm
  • 22 mm hole.
  • Electro corundum is used as the abrasive grain. The grain designation corresponds to the Fepa standard. A mixed grain consisting of 25.9% by weight of grain 24;
  • 25.9% by weight grit 30 and
  • 25.9% by weight grit 36.
  • It was added as a binder
  • 3% by weight phenol-formaldehyde resol, commercially available under the name Bakelite Resol 433, 11.3% by weight phenol-formaldehyde novolak, commercially available under Bakelite Novolak 227,
  • 4% by weight pyrite,
  • 4% by weight cryolite.

300 g des Resols 433 wurden zu 7.780 g des Korundgemisches gegeben und fünf Minuten in einem Planetenrührwerk gemischt. Das benetzte Korn wurde sodann mit 400 g Pyrit und 400 g Kryolith sowie 1.120 g Novolak 227 vermengt. Entstandene Agglomerate und Zusammenballungen wurden abgesiebt. 300 g der so erhaltenen homogenen, rieselfähigen Schleifscheibenmischung wurden gleichmäßig in einer Preßform verteilt, zusätzlich wurden zwei außen- und eine innenliegende Gewebe-Armierung eingebracht. Die Mischung wurde zu Scheiben mit einem Außendurchmesser von 178 mm, einem Bohrungsdurchmesser von 22 mm und einer Scheibendicke von 88 mm verpreßt. Der erhaltene Rohling wurde mit mehreren anderen gleichartig gepreßten Rohlingen auf Stapel gesetzt und nach einer für Phenolharze üblichen Temperaturkurve ausgehärtet, d. h. Aufheizen bis 90 °C in vier Stunden; Aufheizen bis 120 °C in drei Stunden, Haltezeit bei 120 °C fünf Stunden, Aufheizen bis 180 Grad in drei Stunden, Haltezeit bei 180 °C zwei Stunden, danach Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur.300 g of the resol 433 were added to 7,780 g of the corundum mixture and mixed in a planetary stirrer for five minutes. The wetted grain was then mixed with 400 g pyrite and 400 g cryolite and 1120 g novolak 227. Resulting agglomerates and agglomerations were screened off. 300 g of the homogeneous, free-flowing grinding wheel mixture obtained in this way were evenly distributed in a press mold, and in addition two external and one internal fabric reinforcement were introduced. The mixture was pressed into disks with an outside diameter of 178 mm, a bore diameter of 22 mm and a disk thickness of 88 mm. The blank obtained was stacked with several other blanks of the same type and cured according to a temperature curve customary for phenolic resins, ie heating up to 90 ° C. in four hours; Heating up to 120 ° C in three hours, holding time at 120 ° C five hours, heating up to 180 degrees in three hours, holding time at 180 ° C two hours, then cooling to room temperature.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Bei gleichem Aufbau, d. h. Anordnung der Gewebe-Armierung in den Außenbereichen und im Innenbereich und gleichem Fertigungsablauf wurde als Schleifkorn ein Elektrokorund der Körnung 30 eingesetzt, der keramisch ummantelt ist, d. h. daß die Oberfläche des Kornes zur Verbesserung der Haftung mit dem Bindemittel teilweise mit Silikaten umhüllt ist.With the same structure, i.e. H. Arrangement of the fabric reinforcement in the outer areas and in the inner area and the same production process, an electrical corundum of grain 30 was used as the abrasive grain, which is ceramic coated, i. H. that the surface of the grain is partially coated with silicates to improve the adhesion with the binder.

75,8 Gew.% Elektrokorund Körnung 30

  • 3 Gew.% Phenol-Formaldehyd-Resol, im Handel erhältlich unter der Bezeichnung Bakelite Resol 433 13,5 Gew.% Phenol-Formaldehyd-Novolak, im Handel erhältlich unter der Bezeichnung Bakelite Novolak 227
  • 5 Gew. % Kryolith
  • 0,7 Gew.% Kalk.
75.8% by weight of aluminum oxide grain size 30
  • 3% by weight phenol-formaldehyde resol, commercially available under the name Bakelite Resol 433 13.5% by weight phenol-formaldehyde novolak, commercially available under the name Bakelite Novolak 227
  • 5% by weight cryolite
  • 0.7% by weight of lime.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Geräuschgedämpfte Schleifscheibe gemäß der Erfindung.Silenced grinding wheel according to the invention.

Die Rezeptur der Schleifscheibenmischung und sowie deren Herstellung entspricht dem Beispiel 1. Die Schleifscheibe besteht aus drei Schleif-, zwei Dämpfungsschichten und drei Gewebe-Armierungen. Es wurden 270 g Schleifscheibenmischung in drei Schichten aufgeteilt, so daß pro Schicht 90 g zum Einsatz kamen. Als Dämpfungsschicht wurden 40 g Dämpfungsmaterial eingebracht, die auf zwei Schichten a 20 g aufgeteilt wurden. Die Schichten wurden abwechselnd in die Form eingefüllt, dabei als unterste die Schleifscheibenmischung, über die Dämpfungsschichten wurde jeweils eine Gewebe-Armierung eingebracht. Der auf Sollmaß gepreßte Rohling wurde, wie im Beispiel 1 ausgehärtet, die Dicke der Dämpfungsschicht betrug nach dem Aushärten im Mittel 1,3 mm. Zur Herstellung der Dämpfungsschicht wurden 79 Gew.% eines Nitrilkautschuks, der im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Hycar erhältlich ist, mit 20 Gew.% eines Epoxidharzes, im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Araldit erhältlich, und 1 Gew.% Magnesiumoxid (MgO) vermischt. Dazu wurden 790 g Hycarharz, 200 g Araldit und 10 g MgO fünf Minuten in einem Planetenrührwerk gerührt, wobei der MgO-Zusatz die Verbesserung der Verarbeitbarkeit der Mischung, d. h. das Vermeiden von Anbacken und Klumpenbildung bewirkte. Das erhaltene Pulver wies im Mittel einen Durchmesser von 100 Ilm auf.The formulation of the grinding wheel mixture and its production correspond to example 1. The grinding wheel consists of three grinding layers, two damping layers and three fabric reinforcements. 270 g of grinding wheel mixture were divided into three layers, so that 90 g were used per layer. 40 g of damping material were introduced as the damping layer, which were divided into two layers of 20 g each. The layers were alternately filled into the mold, with the grinding wheel mixture as the lowest, and a fabric reinforcement was inserted over the damping layers. The blank pressed to nominal size was cured as in Example 1, the thickness of the damping layer after curing averaged 1.3 mm. To produce the damping layer, 79% by weight of a nitrile rubber, which is commercially available under the name Hycar, was mixed with 20% by weight of an epoxy resin, commercially available under the name Araldit, and 1% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO). For this purpose, 790 g of Hycar resin, 200 g of araldite and 10 g of MgO were stirred for five minutes in a planetary stirrer, the MgO addition improving the processability of the mixture, i. H. avoiding caking and lump formation. The powder obtained had an average diameter of 100 μm.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Aufbau Rezeptur und Fertigung der geräuschgedämpften Schleifscheibe entspricht mit Ausnahme der Dämpfungsschicht dem Beispiel 3. Die Dämpfungsschicht bestand aus 41,7 Gew.% Korkmehl mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 250 Ilm, 16,6 Gew.% eines Benetzungsmittels, im Handel unter SZ 449 (Bakelite) erhältlich und 41,7 Gew.% Epoxidharz, im Handel unter SB 330 (Bakelite) erhältlich. 417 g Korkmehl wurden fünf Minuten mit 166 g Befeuchtungsmittel SZ 449 vermengt. Das befeuchtete Korkmehl sodann mit 417 g Epoxidharzpulver SP 330 vermischt und weitere fünf Minuten gerührt.Structure The formulation and manufacture of the noise-dampened grinding wheel corresponds to Example 3 with the exception of the damping layer. The damping layer consisted of 41.7% by weight of cork powder with an average diameter of 250 µm, 16.6% by weight of a wetting agent, commercially available under SZ 449 ( Bakelite) and 41.7% by weight epoxy resin, commercially available under SB 330 (Bakelite). 417 g of cork flour were mixed with 166 g of humidifier SZ 449 for five minutes. The moistened cork flour was then mixed with 417 g of epoxy resin powder SP 330 and stirred for a further five minutes.

Beispiel 5Example 5

Die Rezeptur der Schleifschicht entspricht dem Beispiel 2. Die Rezeptur der Dämpfungsschicht dem Beispiel 3. Eingebracht wurden 2 Dämpfungsschichten.The formulation of the grinding layer corresponds to example 2. The formulation of the damping layer corresponds to example 3. Two damping layers were introduced.

Beispiel 6Example 6

Die Rezeptur der Schleifschicht sowie die Lage der Gewebe-Armierung entsprechen dem Beispiel 2, jedoch wurde vor dem Einlegen der mittleren Gewebe-Armierung zusätzlich eine Dämpfungsschicht eingebracht, deren Dicke 2,5 mm betrug.The formulation of the abrasive layer and the position of the fabric reinforcement correspond to Example 2, but an additional damping layer, the thickness of which was 2.5 mm, was introduced before the middle fabric reinforcement was inserted.

Beispiel 7Example 7

Die Rezeptur der Schleifscheibenmischung entspricht Beispiel 2, die Rezeptur der Dämpfungsschicht Beispiel 3. Abweichend vom Beispiel 3 wurden jedoch die Dämpfungsschichten an den Außenlagen direkt hinter den Gewebe-Armierungen angeordnet, so daß sie die Schleifscheibenmischung einschlossen.The formulation of the grinding wheel mixture corresponds to example 2, the formulation of the damping layer to example 3. In contrast to example 3, however, the damping layers were arranged on the outer layers directly behind the fabric reinforcements, so that they included the grinding wheel mixture.

Beispiel 8Example 8

Entspricht Beispiel 6, jedoch wurde als Dämpfungsschichtmaterial eine Mischung von 10 Gew.% Epoxidharz und 90 Gew.% Nitrilkautschuk eingesetzt.Corresponds to Example 6, but a mixture of 10% by weight of epoxy resin and 90% by weight of nitrile rubber was used as the damping layer material.

Beispiel 9Example 9

Entspricht Beispiel 6, jedoch wurde als Dämpfungsschichtmaterial eine Mischung von 30 Gew.% Epoxidharz und 70 Gew.% Nitrilkautschuk eingesetzt.Corresponds to Example 6, but a mixture of 30% by weight epoxy resin and 70% by weight nitrile rubber was used as the damping layer material.

Die nach den vorgenannten neun Beispielen gefertigten Scheiben wurden zusammen mit einer handelsüblichen Scheibe gemäß der AT-AS 46 15/82 (Beispiel 10 in Tabelle 2) einem Schleiftest ausgesetzt. Geschliffen wurde mit einem Winkelschleifer der Firma Bosch, Typ 060 1331, der Schallpegel wurde vor einer geschlossenen Schleifkabine in 2 m Entfernung vom Werkstück gemessen. Das Eigengeräusch des Winkelschleifers betrug 67 dBA. Als Messgerät wurde ein Gerät der Firma Rhode und Schwarz EL-DO 4, Meßbereich 16 Hz bis 16 KHz unter Verwendung eines A-Filters eingesetzt. Geschliffen wurde ein Rohr aus St 35 mit dem Durchmesser 191 mm und einer Wandstärke von 17 mm. Die Schleifzeit betrug 10 Minuten.The disks manufactured according to the aforementioned nine examples were subjected to a grinding test together with a commercially available disk in accordance with AT-AS 46 15/82 (example 10 in Table 2). It was ground with an angle grinder from Bosch, type 060 1331, the sound level was measured in front of a closed grinding cabin at a distance of 2 m from the workpiece. The intrinsic noise of the angle grinder was 67 dBA. A device from Rhode and Schwarz EL-DO 4, measuring range 16 Hz to 16 KHz using an A filter was used as the measuring device. A tube made of St 35 with a diameter of 191 mm and a wall thickness of 17 mm was ground. The grinding time was 10 minutes.

Außer dem Schallpegel (dBA) wurde ermittelt der Q-Faktor und die Zerspanung

Figure imgb0002
In addition to the sound level (dBA), the Q factor was determined and machining
Figure imgb0002

Es ergaben sich dabei folgende Werte.

Figure imgb0003
The following values resulted.
Figure imgb0003

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben.

  • Figur 1 zeigt die Seitenansicht einer gekröpften Schrupp-Flexscheibe im Schnitt,
  • Figur 2 in starker Vergrößerung einen Ausschnitt von Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 die Seitenansicht einer geraden Schrupp-Flexscheibe im Schnitt mit zwei Dämpfungseinlagen,
  • Figur 4 in starker Vergrößerung einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 3
  • Figur 5 zeigt die Seitenansicht einer gekröpften Schrupp-Flexscheibe im Schnitt mit einer Dämpfungsschicht aus Kork,
  • Figur 6 in starker Vergrößerung einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 5.
The invention is described below with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional side view of a cranked roughing flexible disk,
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of FIG. 1 in high magnification,
  • 3 shows the side view of a straight roughing flexible disk in section with two damping inserts,
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of FIG. 3 in high magnification
  • FIG. 5 shows the side view of a cranked roughing flexible disk in section with a damping layer made of cork,
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of FIG. 5 in high magnification.

Wie aus Figur 1 und 2 ersichtlich, besteht eine Schleifscheibe 1 aus mehreren Lagen, die beim Herstellungsverfahren nacheinander in die hohle Form der Presse eingegeben werden. Dabei wird zunächst auf den ringförmigen Flansch 3 gemäß den beiden angesprochenen Figuren eine Gewebe-Armierung 5 aufgebracht, auf die dann mittels eines Schiebers die Schleifmittelschicht aus Schleifkorn 6, das mit Bindemittel 7 umhüllt ist, aufgebracht wird. Über diese Schicht wird in Form eines Pulvers das schwingungsdämpfende Material aufgebracht, das nach der Aushärtung der fertig gepreßten Scheibe die Dämpfungsschicht 8 bildet. Auf das Pulver aus schwingungsdämpfendem Material wird eine weitere Gewebe-Armierung 5 gelegt, danach eine zweite Schicht aus mit Bindemittel 7 umhülltem Schleifkorn 6 aufgebracht und darüber als Abschluß eine dritte Gewebe-Armierung 5 gelegt. Der so erzielte Schichtaufbau wird auf Soll-Maß gepreßt und danach wie beschrieben ausgehärtet.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a grinding wheel 1 consists of several layers which are successively inserted into the hollow shape of the press during the production process. First, a fabric reinforcement 5 is applied to the annular flange 3 according to the two figures mentioned, to which the abrasive layer made of abrasive grain 6, which is coated with binder 7, is then applied by means of a slide. Over this layer, the vibration-damping material is applied in the form of a powder, which forms the damping layer 8 after the fully pressed pane has hardened. A further fabric reinforcement 5 is placed on the powder made of vibration-damping material, then a second layer of abrasive grain 6 coated with binder 7 is applied, and a third fabric reinforcement 5 is placed over it as a finish. The layer structure achieved in this way is pressed to the desired dimension and then cured as described.

Den Figuren 3 und 4 ist der Aufbau einer Schleifscheibe mit zwei Dämpfungsschichten 8 und drei Gewebe-Armierungen 5 zu entnehmen, wobei die Gewebe-Armierung 5 sowohl außen als auch in der Mitte der Flexscheibe 1' angeordnet sind.FIGS. 3 and 4 show the structure of a grinding wheel with two damping layers 8 and three fabric reinforcements 5, the fabric reinforcement 5 being arranged both outside and in the middle of the flexible disk 1 '.

Die Figuren 5 und 6 unterscheiden sich insofern von den Figuren 1 und 2, als hier die Dämpfungschicht 8 auch nach dem Verpressen und Aushärten weiterhin aus einzelnen Partikeln, nämlich aus mit Kunstharz 4' umhüllten Korkpartikeln 4 besteht. Der sonstige Aufbau dieser Scheibe 1" ist identisch mit dem gemäß Figure 1 bzw. 2.FIGS. 5 and 6 differ from FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the damping layer 8 continues to consist of individual particles, namely cork particles 4 coated with synthetic resin 4 ′, even after the pressing and curing. The other structure of this disk 1 "is identical to that according to Figure 1 or 2.

Claims (8)

1. A process for the manufacture of multi-layer grinding discs, in particular multi-layer cutting-off and rough-working discs for free-hand grinding, in which mixtures of abrasive grain, bonding agents and, if necessary, fillers and, if necessary, reinforcements, are introduced into a mould in layers with at least one layer of interposed vibration-absorbing materials, "19 mixtures are compressed to form a moulded blank, and the resulting moulded blank is cured, characierized in that the layer or layers of vibration-absorbing material is/are incorporated in the mould in the form of a fine-grained, pourable powder and/or granules.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that, as powder or granules there is introduced at least one elastomer that withstands a thermal load exceeding 110°C.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that as powder or granules there is introduced a mixture of cork powder and synthetic resin.
4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that as powder or granules there is incorporated a mixture of one or more synthetic resins and one or more elastomers.
5. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that an epoxy resin is mixed with a nitrile rubber in a proportion of ingredients of 10:90 to 70:30.
6. A process according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the mixture is homogenized with the addition of a filler.
7. A process according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the mixture is brought in a granulator with the addition of filler to a grain size of from 50 to 2,000 µm.
8. A process according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that up to 5% of inorganic fillers such as MgO, ZnO, talcum or marble powder is added to the mixture.
EP86117294A 1985-12-20 1986-12-11 Sound-deadened grinding wheel Expired EP0229983B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86117294T ATE47811T1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-12-11 GRINDING DISC WITH DAMPING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853545308 DE3545308A1 (en) 1985-12-20 1985-12-20 GRINDING DISC WITH DAMPING
DE3545308 1985-12-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0229983A2 EP0229983A2 (en) 1987-07-29
EP0229983A3 EP0229983A3 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0229983B1 true EP0229983B1 (en) 1989-11-08

Family

ID=6289089

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86117294A Expired EP0229983B1 (en) 1985-12-20 1986-12-11 Sound-deadened grinding wheel

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US5092082A (en)
EP (1) EP0229983B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07108511B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE47811T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1321884C (en)
DE (2) DE3545308A1 (en)
DK (1) DK167856B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2012341B3 (en)
FI (1) FI82064C (en)
GR (1) GR3000247T3 (en)
NO (1) NO160978C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK167856B1 (en) 1993-12-27
DK614586A (en) 1987-06-21
JPH07108511B2 (en) 1995-11-22
NO865193L (en) 1987-06-22
JPS62157777A (en) 1987-07-13
DE3666786D1 (en) 1989-12-14
US5092082A (en) 1992-03-03
DK614586D0 (en) 1986-12-18
NO160978B (en) 1989-03-13
NO160978C (en) 1989-06-21
FI865170A0 (en) 1986-12-17
GR3000247T3 (en) 1991-03-15
FI82064B (en) 1990-09-28
ES2012341B3 (en) 1990-03-16
EP0229983A3 (en) 1987-12-09
NO865193D0 (en) 1986-12-19
CA1321884C (en) 1993-09-07
EP0229983A2 (en) 1987-07-29
FI865170A (en) 1987-06-21
FI82064C (en) 1991-01-10
ATE47811T1 (en) 1989-11-15
DE3545308A1 (en) 1987-06-25

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