EP0229562B1 - Double-layered paper product for printing and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Double-layered paper product for printing and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0229562B1 EP0229562B1 EP19860402800 EP86402800A EP0229562B1 EP 0229562 B1 EP0229562 B1 EP 0229562B1 EP 19860402800 EP19860402800 EP 19860402800 EP 86402800 A EP86402800 A EP 86402800A EP 0229562 B1 EP0229562 B1 EP 0229562B1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- covering layer
- support layer
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- paper
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/02—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type
- D21F11/04—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the Fourdrinier type paper or board consisting on two or more layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
- Y10T428/273—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.] of coating
- Y10T428/277—Cellulosic substrate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
- Y10T428/31982—Wood or paper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of papers for packaging having good printability. It aims in particular to supply papers in fields of application where such a property is required without correlatively excellent mechanical properties being required.
- the short fibers tend to provide surface homogeneity characteristics, while the long fibers tend to improve the breakdown characteristics at the folds of the paper.
- long fibers is meant fibers of length at least equal to 4 mm.
- This fold characteristic is defined as follows: it is the tensile force necessary to break a test piece of paper at its fold on a metal edge. Good fold-through characteristics are particularly advantageous in the packaging field.
- an optical brightener as an ingredient in the manufacture of the paper product according to the invention. This addition can be carried out at a rate of approximately 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of dry matter of the composition of the coating layer.
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- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Gloves (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne la fabrication de papiers pour l'emballage présentant une bonne aptitude à l'impression. Elle vise notamment à fournir des papiers dans des domaines d'application où une telle propriété est requise sans que correlativement d'excellentes propriétés mécaniques soient exigées.The present invention relates to the manufacture of papers for packaging having good printability. It aims in particular to supply papers in fields of application where such a property is required without correlatively excellent mechanical properties being required.
On connait en effet des papiers dits hauts de gamme que présentent un très bon état de surface, une bonne aptitude à l'impression, et des caractéristiques élevées de résistance mécanique. Ce sont par exemple les papiers destinés à l'impression écriture offset ou hélio. On connait par ailleurs des papiers dont l'état de surface est peu homogène et les propriétés mécaniques élevées, et qui simultanément présentent une faible aptitude à l'impression. Ce sont par exemple les papiers du type papier kraft destinés à servir d'emballages divers, notamment de caisses porteuses.So-called high-end papers are known which have a very good surface condition, good printability, and high mechanical resistance characteristics. These are, for example, papers intended for offset or gravure printing. Papers are also known, the surface condition of which is not very uniform and the mechanical properties are high, and which at the same time have poor printability. These are, for example, papers of the kraft paper type intended to serve as various packaging, in particular carrying boxes.
Les papiers utilisés dans le domaine de l'emballage sont imprimés par flexographie. Selon ce procédé on apporte de l'encre à un cliché à l'aide d'un cylindre, le cliché servant à son tour à imprimer le papier. Dans ce type de procédé, il peut arriver que l'encre migre dans le papier au lieu de rester en surface, ce qui entraine une instabilité dimensionnelle du papier et conduit à un mauvais rendu d'impression. Généralement cette caractéristique ne nuit pas aux applications envisagées.The papers used in the packaging field are printed by flexography. According to this process, ink is added to a plate using a cylinder, the plate being used in turn to print the paper. In this type of process, it may happen that the ink migrates into the paper instead of remaining on the surface, which causes dimensional instability of the paper and leads to poor printing. Generally this characteristic does not harm the applications envisaged.
Cependant, dans le domaine de l'emballage ou de la couverture de caisses en carton, notamment, on cherche actuellement à présenter des emballages agréables à la vue afin d'attirer davantage l'attention de la clientèle. On a constaté qu'un emballage de couleur blanche et agrémenté de toutes sortes de motifs d'impression était particulièrement apprécié. Pour atteindre ce résultat, un bon rendu d'impression de l'emballage est nécessaire. Mais un papier utilisé dans une telle application n'a pas obligatoirement besoin de présenter des caractéristiques mécaniques exceptionnelles. On peut citer par exemple comme application les présentoirs publicitaires pour produits alimentaires par lesquels on cherche à capter l'attention des clients; or les seuls produits actuellement disponibles sur le marché de l'emballage sont ceux indiqués précédemment, du type papier impression écriture, qui sont particulièrement coûteux. On ne connait pas actuellement de papiers présentant à la fois un très bon état de surface, une bonne aptitude à l'impression, et des propriétés mécaniques basses, tout en conservant une couleur blanche.However, in the field of packaging or covering cardboard boxes, in particular, there is currently an effort to present packaging that is pleasing to the eye in order to attract more customer attention. It has been found that white packaging with all kinds of printing patterns is particularly appreciated. To achieve this result, a good printing impression of the packaging is necessary. However, a paper used in such an application need not necessarily have exceptional mechanical characteristics. As an example, we can cite advertising displays for food products by which we seek to capture the attention of customers; However, the only products currently available on the packaging market are those indicated above, of the printing and writing paper type, which are particularly expensive. There is currently no paper known having both a very good surface condition, good printability, and low mechanical properties, while retaining a white color.
On connait d'après le document J.A. Bristow et al "Multilayer Structures in printing papers", Zellstoff papier 32, n° 6: 248-253 des papiers multicouches pour impression comprenant des couches de revêtement contenant un pourcentage de pigment élevé et qui sont fabriquées à partir d'un mélange de fibres courtes et longues.Known from the document JA Bristow et al "Multilayer Structures in printing papers", Zellstoff papier 32, n ° 6: 248-253 multilayer papers for printing comprising coating layers containing a high percentage of pigment and which are manufactured from a mixture of short and long fibers.
Le document Tappi Journal vol 68, n° 3, Mars 1985, décrit un papier à deux couches formé d'une couche support et d'une couche de revêtement contenant 40% en poids de pigment, et qui présente un indice de blancheur d'environ 60.The document Tappi Journal vol 68, n ° 3, March 1985, describes a two-layer paper formed by a support layer and a coating layer containing 40% by weight of pigment, and which has a whiteness index of about 60.
L'invention vise à fournir un papier qui présente des caractéristiques de blancheur encore améliorées. Par papier, on entend selon l'invention tout produit papetier tels que papiers, cartons...The invention aims to provide a paper which has further improved whiteness characteristics. By paper is meant according to the invention any paper product such as paper, cardboard ...
Le papier conforme à l'invention comprend une couche support obtenue à partir de fibres cellulosiques écrues et/ou blanchies, recyclées ou non, et une couche de revêtement ayant une teneur en charges minérales lui conférant une pigmentation blanche comprise entre 25 et 50% en poids de matière sèche de la couche, le reste étant des fibres cellulosiques blanches longues et/ou courtes avec 25% au moins en poids de fibres longues de longueur supérieure à 4 mm, la couche de revêtement ayant un grammage compris entre 25 g/m2 et 70 g/m2, la couche support ayant un grammage tel que le papier ait un grammage total compris entre 120 g/m2 et 300 g/m2, la couche de revêtement présentant un degré de blancheur, déterminé conformément, à la norme NF Q 03 039 au moins égal à 70, ainsi qu'une aptitude à l'impression flexographique, déterminée par mesure de densité optique à l'aide d'un densitomètre Macbeth RD 914 sur un papier imprimé en bleu avec un fort tramé, supérieure à 0,5.The paper according to the invention comprises a support layer obtained from unbleached and / or bleached cellulosic fibers, recycled or not, and a coating layer having a mineral filler content giving it a white pigmentation of between 25 and 50% by weight of dry matter of the layer, the rest being long and / or short white cellulosic fibers with at least 25% by weight of long fibers of length greater than 4 mm, the coating layer having a grammage of between 25 g / m2 and 70 g / m2, the support layer having a grammage such that the paper has a total grammage between 120 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 , the coating layer having a degree of whiteness, determined in accordance with the standard NF Q 03 039 at least equal to 70, as well as a suitability for flexographic printing, determined by measuring optical density using a Macbeth RD 914 densitometer on paper printed in blue with a strong screen, upper at 0.5.
Les pâtes utilisées pour former la couche support peuvent être obtenues à partir de toutes sortes de matériaux de récupération, des vieux cartons de récupération ou encore des cartonnettes, c'est-à-dire des caisses faites à partir de vieux papiers, ou encore de vieux journaux de récupération.The pulp used to form the support layer can be obtained from all kinds of recovery materials, from old recovery cardboard or from cardboard, i.e. boxes made from old paper, or from old recovery logs.
Pour former la couche de revêtement, on peut utiliser tous les types connus de fibres blanches telles que les fibres d'eucalyptus, les fibres de pin ..., ces fibres pouvant être longues ou courtes.To form the coating layer, all known types of white fibers can be used such as eucalyptus fibers, pine fibers, etc., these fibers can be long or short.
Les fibres courtes tendent à apporter des caractéristiques d'homogénéité de surface, tandis que les fibres longues tendent à améliorer les caractéristiques de claquage aux plis du papier. Par fibres longues, on entend des fibres de longueur au moins égale à 4 mm. Cette caractéristique de claquage aux plis est définie de la façon suivante: c'est la force de traction nécessaire à la rupture d'une éprouvette de papier au niveau de son pli sur une arête métallique. De bonnes caractéristiques de claquage aux plis sont particulièrement avantageuses dans le domaine de l'emballage.The short fibers tend to provide surface homogeneity characteristics, while the long fibers tend to improve the breakdown characteristics at the folds of the paper. By long fibers is meant fibers of length at least equal to 4 mm. This fold characteristic is defined as follows: it is the tensile force necessary to break a test piece of paper at its fold on a metal edge. Good fold-through characteristics are particularly advantageous in the packaging field.
Pour obtenir des caractéristiques de blancheur encore meilleures, il convient, suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, d'ajouter un azurant optique comme ingrédient de fabrication du produit papetier selon l'invention. Cet ajout peut se faire à raison d'environ 0,2 à 0,5% en poids de matière sèche de la composition de la couche de revêtement.To obtain even better whiteness characteristics, it is advisable, according to another characteristic of the invention, to add an optical brightener as an ingredient in the manufacture of the paper product according to the invention. This addition can be carried out at a rate of approximately 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of dry matter of the composition of the coating layer.
Parmi toutes les charges minérales susceptibles de conférer au produit une pigmentation blanche, on peut citer par exemple le talc, le kaolin, le dioxyde de titane ... La nature et la teneur des charges peuvent être choisies et adaptées selon les besoins de l'învention.Among all the mineral fillers capable of imparting white pigmentation to the product, mention may, for example, be made of talc, kaolin, titanium dioxide, etc. The nature and content of the fillers can be chosen and adapted according to the needs of the invention.
La teneur en charges minérales correspond à un compromis entre deux exigences: d'une part, pour conférer au produit des caractéristiques de blancheur convenables, elle doit avoir une valeur minimale. D'autre part, on peut difficilement fabriquer un produit répondant aux caractéristiques d'un produit papetier lorsque la teneur en charges est excessive. Au cours du procédé de fabrication, les charges risquent de colmater les toiles de fabrication, ce qui entraîne un mauvais égouttage des feuilles. Même si on arrive à mettre la pâte en feuilles, on n'obtient pas des propriétés, notamment de tenue superficielle, suffisantes.The mineral filler content corresponds to a compromise between two requirements: on the one hand, to give the product suitable whiteness characteristics, it must have a minimum value. On the other hand, it is difficult to manufacture a product meeting the characteristics of a paper product when the content of fillers is excessive. During the manufacturing process, the loads may clog the manufacturing fabrics, which results in poor drainage of the sheets. Even if we manage to put the dough in sheets, we do not obtain sufficient properties, in particular of surface resistance.
Pour encore miexu satisfaire ce compromis, une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention consiste à former la couche de revêtement de façon à ce qu'elle ait une teneur en charges minérales comprise entre 35 et 45% en poids de matière sèche de la couche.To further satisfy this compromise, an additional characteristic of the invention consists in forming the coating layer so that it has a mineral filler content of between 35 and 45% by weight of dry matter of the layer.
Le choix des charges minérales est fonction des propriétés désirées du papier. On choisira avantageusement du talc pour obtenir un papier dont la tenue superficielle est encore améliorée. Le kaolin convient bien également.The choice of mineral fillers depends on the desired properties of the paper. Advantageously, talc will be chosen to obtain a paper whose surface hold is further improved. Kaolin is also good.
Pour améliorer encore, si nécessaire la tenue superficielle du papier, il est avantageux d'introduire dans la couche de revêtement des liants synthétiques ou naturels qui aident au maintien de sa cohésion interne. Ces liants peuvent être choisis parmi le latex, l'alcool polyvinylique, les acrylates, l'amidon. De préférence, ils sont présents dans la couche de revêtement à une teneur inférieure à 10 % en poids de matière sèche de la couche, et de préférence entre 5 et 8 %. L'amidon convient particulièrement bien car, comme cela apparaitra dans la suite de la description, il joue également un rôle avantageux dans la mise en oeuvre du procédé de fabrication du papier.To further improve, if necessary the surface hold of the paper, it is advantageous to introduce into the coating layer synthetic or natural binders which help to maintain its internal cohesion. These binders can be chosen from latex, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylates, starch. Preferably, they are present in the coating layer at a content of less than 10% by weight of dry matter of the layer, and preferably between 5 and 8%. Starch is particularly suitable because, as will appear in the following description, it also plays an advantageous role in the implementation of the papermaking process.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un produit papetier conforme au but de l'invention.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a paper product in accordance with the object of the invention.
Selon procédé, on forme une première couche en coulant sur une toile de fabrication un jet à partir d'une caisse primaire, on forme une deuxième couche en coulant un second jet à partir d'une caisse secondaire, on presse les couches ensemble et on chauffe à une température suffisante pour obtenir une structure ayant une bonne cohésion.According to the method, a first layer is formed by pouring a jet from a primary box onto a manufacturing fabric, a second layer is formed by pouring a second jet from a secondary box, the layers are pressed together and heats to a temperature sufficient to obtain a structure having good cohesion.
Diverses variantes du procédé peuvent être envisagées : suivant une première variante on forme d'abord la couche de revêtement puis la couche support au dessus de la couche de revêtement. Suivant une deuxième variante préférée, on forme d'abord la couche support puis la couche de revêtement au-dessus de la couche support. Cette variante est préférée car si on forme d'abord la couche de revêtement, il est plus difficile d'assurer le maintien des charges minérales dans la couche de revêtement lors de l'opération d'égouttage. Par la suite, la cohésion du papier risque, tout en étant satisfaisante, d'être moins bonne.Various variants of the process can be envisaged: according to a first variant, the coating layer is first formed, then the support layer above the coating layer. According to a second preferred variant, the support layer is first formed and then the coating layer above the support layer. This variant is preferred because if the coating layer is first formed, it is more difficult to maintain the mineral charges in the coating layer during the draining operation. Subsequently, the cohesion of the paper may, while being satisfactory, be less good.
La deuxième couche peut être formée au-desus de la première couche de plusieurs façons.The second layer can be formed on top of the first layer in several ways.
Suivant une variante, on forme d'abord la couche support, puis sur la même toile de fabrication que celle ayant servi à la formation de la couche support, la couche de revêtement.According to a variant, the support layer is first formed, then on the same manufacturing fabric as that used for the formation of the support layer, the coating layer.
Suivant une autre variante, on forme d'abord la couche support sur une première toile, la couche de revêtement étant formée sur une toile de fabrication annexe, puis amenée sur la couche support.According to another variant, the support layer is first formed on a first fabric, the coating layer being formed on a fabric of additional manufacture, then brought to the support layer.
Pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, on utilise une machine à papier usuelle. Cette machine comprend une table de fabrication munie d'au moins deux caisses, chacune d'elles apportant un jet pour la formation d'une couche, les deux caisses étant distantes l'une de l'autre au-dessus d'une même toile, ou étant au-dessus de deux toiles différentes, ainsi qu'une section de presse, une section de séchage et une calandre.For the implementation of the method, a conventional paper machine is used. This machine comprises a manufacturing table provided with at least two boxes, each of which provides a jet for the formation of a layer, the two boxes being spaced from each other over the same canvas. , or being above two different fabrics, as well as a press section, a drying section and a calender.
Nous avons indiqué precédemment l'avantage de la présence d'un liant, notamment de l'amidon, dans la couche de revêtement. Cet apport d'amidon est particulièrement avantageux dans la mise en oeuvre du procédé avec une seule toile de fabrication.We have previously indicated the advantage of the presence of a binder, in particular starch, in the coating layer. This addition of starch is particularly advantageous in the implementation of the process with a single manufacturing fabric.
En effet, dans cette variante, le jet de la couche de revêtement est coulé sur la couche support. Si les charges ne retiennent pas suffisamment les fibres cellulosiques du fait de l'absence de cohésion interne de la couche coulée, les fibres tendent à venir adhérer aux presses au moment de pressage. Il en résulte un phénomène de peluchage des presses qui peut conduire à terme à leur détérioration, et donc nécessiter un remplacement plus fréquent des organes de pressage.Indeed, in this variant, the jet of the coating layer is poured onto the support layer. If the fillers do not retain the cellulose fibers sufficiently due to the lack of internal cohesion of the cast layer, the fibers tend to adhere to the presses at the time of pressing. This results in a linting phenomenon of the presses which can eventually lead to their deterioration, and therefore require a more frequent replacement of the pressing members.
La présence de liant améliore donc la mise en oeuvre du procédé en favorisant le maintien des fibres dans la couche de revêtement. Un tel problème ne se pose généralement pas dans la variante à deux toiles de fabrication puisque la couche de revêtement est déjà suffisamment formée lorsqu'elle est amenée sur la couche support.The presence of binder therefore improves the implementation of the process by promoting the retention of the fibers in the coating layer. Such a problem does not generally arise in the variant with two manufacturing fabrics since the coating layer is already sufficiently formed when it is brought to the support layer.
Le liant peut être introduit de deux façons : suivant une première variante, il est pulvérisé uniformément sur la couche support alors qu'elle n'est pas totalement formée, avant la coulée de la couche de revêtement.The binder can be introduced in two ways: according to a first variant, it is sprayed uniformly on the support layer while it is not completely formed, before the coating layer is poured.
Suivant une autre variante préférée, le liant est introduit dans le jet de composition de la couche de revêtement. Cette variante rend l'égouttage des couches plus facile, en supprimant tout risque de blocage des rouleaux égoutteurs.According to another preferred variant, the binder is introduced into the composition jet of the coating layer. This variant makes draining the layers easier, eliminating any risk of blockage of the drip rollers.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront au cours de la description détaillée suivante d'exemples de réalisation de l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Les propriétés des papiers selon l'invention sont précisées à l'aide d'un certain nombre de tests normalisés qui font apparaitre des caractéristiques conformes à l'objet de l'invention.The properties of the papers according to the invention are specified with the aid of a certain number of standardized tests which reveal characteristics conforming to the subject of the invention.
Ce test qui permet de déterminer la résistance de surface du papier est établi conformément à la norme T 459 om 83. On applique des cires numérotées sur la surface du papier. Ces cires ont des capacités d'adhérence au papier qui vont croissant corrélativement avec le numéro qui leur est affecté, et on les arrache pour observer ensuite l'état de surface du papier. C'est le numéro le plus élevé d'une série de cires qui n'altère pas la surface du papier qui donne le résultat du test.This test, which enables the surface resistance of the paper to be determined, is established in accordance with standard T 459 om 83. Numbered waxes are applied to the surface of the paper. These waxes have adhesion capacities to the paper which increase correlatively with the number assigned to them, and they are torn off to then observe the surface condition of the paper. It is the highest number in a series of waxes which does not alter the surface of the paper which gives the result of the test.
Il est établi conformément à la norme NFQ 03.053. C'est le quotient de la pression maximale répartie uniformément, supportée par une éprouvette de papier, perpendiculairement à sa surface, par le grammage du papier conditionné.It is established in accordance with standard NFQ 03.053. It is the quotient of the maximum pressure distributed uniformly, supported by a test piece of paper, perpendicular to its surface, by the grammage of the conditioned paper.
Elle est déterminée selon la méthode du débit d'air à pression constante conformément à la norme NFQ 03.049. Une éprouvette de papier est appliqué sous une pression définie par une couronne métallique contre une surface lisse, plane et dure. L'air arrive à pression constante au centre de la couronne. La rugosité Bendtsen est le débit de l'air passé entre la couronne et la surface du papier.It is determined using the air flow method at constant pressure in accordance with standard NFQ 03.049. A paper test piece is applied under a pressure defined by a metal crown against a smooth, flat and hard surface. The air arrives at constant pressure in the center of the crown. Bendtsen roughness is the flow of air passed between the crown and the surface of the paper.
C'est la force de traction nécessaire à la rupture d'une éprouvette de papier au niveau de son pli sur une arête métallique.It is the tensile force necessary to break a test piece of paper at its fold on a metal edge.
Elle est déterminée conformément à la norme NFQ 03.039. Le degré de blancheur est la mesure du facteur de réflectance diffuse dans le bleu de la couche de papier étudiée, à l'aide du diffuseur parfait par réflexion.It is determined in accordance with standard NFQ 03.039. The degree of whiteness is the measure of the diffuse reflectance factor in the blue of the paper layer studied, using the perfect reflective diffuser.
Pour la mesurer, on imprime en bleu la face de la couche de revêtement du papier par le procédé de flexographie. On utilise un cliché photopolymère encré à l'aide d'un cylindre ANILOX en acier. La face du papier est imprimée par de l'encre à l'eau. On mesure la densité optique sur un papier imprimé avec un fort tramé, c'est-à-dire présentant une forte densité des points d'encre, à l'aide d'un densitomètre commercialisé sous l'appellation MACBETH RD 914.To measure it, the surface of the paper coating layer is printed in blue by the flexography process. A photopolymer plate is inked using an ANILOX steel cylinder. The face of the paper is printed with water-based ink. The optical density is measured on a paper printed with a strong screen, that is to say having a high density of ink dots, using a densitometer sold under the name MACBETH RD 914.
Toutes les mesures des caractéristiques du papier sont effecttuées sous atmosphère climatisée à 20°C sous 65 % d'humidité.All the measurements of the characteristics of the paper are carried out under an air-conditioned atmosphere at 20 ° C. at 65% humidity.
A moins d'indication contraire, les produits suivants seront utilisés :
- - kaolin : kaolin de grade C commercialisé par la société E.E.C. PAPER CLAYS
- - talc : talc standard O commercialisé par la société des talcs de LUZENAC avec un diamètre moyen de 10 micromètres et délité à 50 %
- - azurant optique : commercialisé par la société BAYER sous l'appellation BLANCOPHOR
- - amidon : amidon de maïs cru commercialisé sous l'appellation ORISOL
- - Kaolin: grade C kaolin sold by the company EEC PAPER CLAYS
- - talc: standard talc O marketed by the talcs company of LUZENAC with an average diameter of 10 micrometers and 50% disintegrated
- - optical brightener: marketed by BAYER under the name BLANCOPHOR
- - starch: raw corn starch sold under the name ORISOL
Les tableaux joints 1 et 2 regroupent les caractéristiques et les propriétés des produits papetiers obtenus.The attached tables 1 and 2 group together the characteristics and properties of the paper products obtained.
On fabrique un papier d'un grammage de 160 g/m2 formé d'une couche support d'un grammage de 115 g/m2 à base de vieux papiers et d'une couche de revêtement d'un grammage de 45 g/m2 à base de fibres blanches et de charges minérales.We make a paper with a grammage of 160 g / m 2 formed from a support layer with a grammage of 115 g / m 2 from old paper and a coating layer with a grammage of 45 g / m2 based on white fibers and mineral fillers.
La pâte utilisée pour former la couche support est une pâte à 100 % de vieux papiers kraftés de récupération. Elle est coulée à partir d'une caisse primaire sur une toile de fabrication sous forme d'une dispersion aqueuse à 5 g/l. La toile avance à une vitesse de 180 m/minute.The pulp used to form the support layer is a pulp made from 100% old recycled kraft paper. It is poured from a primary box onto a manufacturing fabric in the form of an aqueous dispersion at 5 g / l. The fabric advances at a speed of 180 m / minute.
La composition constituant le second jet est coulée à partir d'une caisse secondaire sur une deuxième toile. C'est une dispersion aqueuse à 8 g/I qui comprend un mélange de fibres blanches longues et courtes, les fibres longues représentant un tiers des fibres. Elle comprend également 44 % de kaolin, exprimé en poids de matière sèche (ce qui correspond dans le papier obtenu à 20 g/m2 de kaolin), ainsi que les additifs papetiers usuels.The composition constituting the second jet is poured from a secondary box onto a second fabric. It is an aqueous dispersion at 8 g / l which comprises a mixture of long and short white fibers, the long fibers representing a third of the fibers. It also includes 44% kaolin, expressed by weight of dry matter (which corresponds in the paper obtained to 20 g / m 2 of kaolin), as well as the usual papermaking additives.
Le papier obtenu après pressage, séchage à une température supérieure à 90°C convenant pour l'extraction correcte des condensats, et calandrage, présente les caractéristiques indiquées dans le tableau 2.The paper obtained after pressing, drying at a temperature above 90 ° C. suitable for the correct extraction of the condensates, and calendering, has the characteristics indicated in table 2.
Les résultats les plus significatifs concernent le degré de blancheur, la valeur de cires et la rugosité Bendtsen. Ces deux dernières valeurs permettent de caractériser un bon état de surface et de présager une bonne aptitude à l'impression flexographique.The most significant results concern the degree of whiteness, the value of waxes and the Bendtsen roughness. These last two values make it possible to characterize a good surface condition and to predict a good aptitude for flexographic printing.
La rugosité Bendtsen est de 480. A titre comparatif, celle d'un papier pommelé est de 1000 et celle d'un papier kraft est de 1800.The Bendtsen roughness is 480. For comparison, that of dappled paper is 1000 and that of kraft paper is 1800.
. On procède comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on modifie la composition de la couche support, elle comprend :
- - 10 % de vieux papiers kraftés,
- - 20 % de papiers recyclés des caisseries françaises,
- - 70 % de journaux recyclés.
- - 10% of old kraft paper,
- - 20% recycled paper from French cash registers,
- - 70% of newspapers recycled.
En outre, on ajoute à la composition de la couche de revête ment 0,4 % en poids de matière sèche d'un azurant optique.In addition, 0.4% by weight of dry matter of an optical brightener is added to the composition of the coating layer.
La présence de l'azurant permet de constater une amélioration de la blancheur et de l'aptitude à l'impression flexographique.The presence of the brightener shows an improvement in whiteness and in the ability to flexographic printing.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 1, sauf qu'on ajoute de l'amidon dans la composition de la couche de revêtement, à raison de 6,5 % en poids de matière sèche pour améliorer la cohésion fibreuse de la couche.The procedure is as in Example 1, except that starch is added to the composition of the coating layer, at a rate of 6.5% by weight of dry matter to improve the fibrous cohesion of the layer.
On constate une amélioration de la valeur des cires par rapport à l'exemple 1, qui met en évidence le rôle de l'amidon dans la cohésion fibreuse du papier.There is an improvement in the value of the waxes compared to Example 1, which highlights the role of starch in the fibrous cohesion of the paper.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 2, sauf qu'on remplace le kaolin par du talc.The procedure is as in Example 2, except that the kaolin is replaced by talc.
Le talc est à une teneur de 40 % en poids de matière sèche. L'azurant optique est à une teneur de 0,3%.Talc is 40% by weight of dry matter. The optical brightener has a content of 0.3%.
Les résultats exprimés dans le tableau 2 montrent qu'en utilisant le talc comme charge, et en n'utilisant pas de liant, on obtient des caractéristiques comparables à celles obtenues avec du kaolin comme charge et de l'amidon comme liant.The results expressed in Table 2 show that by using talc as a filler, and by not using a binder, characteristics comparable to those obtained with kaolin as a filler and starch as a binder are obtained.
On fabrique un papier d'un grammage de 140 g/m2 formé d'une couche support à 85 g/m2 et d'une couche de revêtement à 55 g/m2 de la façon suivante : on coule sur une toile de fabrication défilant à une vitesse de 160 m/min., à partir d'une caisse primaire, une dispersion aqueuse à 8 g/I comprenant 100 % de vieux papiers kraftés.We make a paper with a grammage of 140 g / m 2 formed of a support layer at 85 g / m 2 and a coating layer at 55 g / m 2 as follows: we cast on a canvas manufacturing running at a speed of 160 m / min., from a primary box, an aqueous dispersion at 8 g / I comprising 100% of old kraft paper.
On forme ensuite la couche de revêtement par coulée sur la couche support à partir d'une caisse secondaire d'une dispersion aqueuse à 8 g/l qui comprend :
- - un mélange de fibres blanches longues et courtes dans un rapport tel qu'il y ait un tiers de fibres longues
- - 40 % en poids de matière sèche (22 g/m2 dans la couche de revêtement) de kaolin
- - 6,5 % en poids de matière sèche d'amidon
- - a mixture of long and short white fibers in a ratio such that there is a third of long fibers
- - 40% by weight of dry matter (22 g / m 2 in the coating layer) of kaolin
- - 6.5% by weight of starch dry matter
Les résultats obtenus montrent que par rapport au procédé à deux toiles avec les mêmes compositions, le degré de blancheur et la valeur de cires sont légèrement abaissées.The results obtained show that compared to the process with two fabrics with the same compositions, the degree of whiteness and the value of waxes are slightly lowered.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 5 sauf qu'on remplace le kao lin par le talc. On constate que le degré de blancheur et la valeur de cire sont meilleurs avec le talc qu'avec le kaolin.The procedure is as in Example 5 except that the kao lin is replaced by talc. It is found that the degree of whiteness and the value of wax are better with talc than with kaolin.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 6, sauf qu'on ajoute un azurant optique. On constate comme avec le procédé à deux toiles, que la présence d'un azurant améliore les propriétés de blancheur et l'aptitude à l'impression flexographique.The procedure is as in Example 6, except that an optical brightener is added. It is found, as with the two-web process, that the presence of a brightener improves the whiteness properties and the ability to flexographic printing.
Dans cet exemple comparatif on fabrique le papier selon le procédé à 1 toile dans les conditions décrites précédemment à l'exemple 7 sauf qu'on ne met pas de charges, ni de liant. Le grammage total est de 140 g dont 65 g pour la couche de revêtement.In this comparative example, the paper is made according to the 1-canvas method under the conditions described above in Example 7 except that no filler or binder is used. The total grammage is 140 g including 65 g for the coating layer.
Le degré de blancheur obtenu est de 65 et l'aptitude à l'impression de 0,45.The degree of whiteness obtained is 65 and the printability of 0.45.
Ces résultats montrent une nette dégradation des caractéristiques de blancheur et d'aptitude à l'impression flexographique.These results show a marked deterioration in the whiteness and aptitude characteristics for flexographic printing.
On procède comme dans l'exemple 8, sauf qu'on met 6 % de charges. On obtient un degré de blancheur de 67 et une aptitude à l'impression de 0.49, ce qui est moins bon que pour les papiers conformes à l'invention.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86402800T ATE57966T1 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-15 | TWO-PLY PAPER PRODUCT FOR PRINTING AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8519038 | 1985-12-23 | ||
FR8519038A FR2592070B1 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | DOUBLE LAYERED PAPER PRODUCT FOR PRINTING AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0229562A1 EP0229562A1 (en) | 1987-07-22 |
EP0229562B1 true EP0229562B1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
Family
ID=9326072
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860402800 Expired - Lifetime EP0229562B1 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-15 | Double-layered paper product for printing and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5039378A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0229562B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE57966T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3675366D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2019296B3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2592070B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT84003B (en) |
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US5061345A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1991-10-29 | Green Bay Packaging Inc. | Method of making a multiple ply paper product containing an outer ply of reclaimed white office waste |
FR2678652B1 (en) * | 1991-07-02 | 1993-09-24 | Platres Lafarge Sa | PAPER USEFUL AS COATING PAPER FOR PLASTERBOARDS AND METHODS OF PREPARING SAME. |
US5800647A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-09-01 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Methods for manufacturing articles from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
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US5928741A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1999-07-27 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Laminated articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
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US5709827A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-01-20 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for manufacturing articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix |
US5683772A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-11-04 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix reinforced with uniformly dispersed fibers |
US5618341A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-04-08 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for uniformly dispersing fibers within starch-based compositions |
US5453310A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1995-09-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture |
US5830305A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-11-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Methods of molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5506046A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-04-09 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
BR9306895A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-12-08 | Khashoggi E Ind | Manufacturing article container for storage distribution packaging or parceling of food products or beverages process for manufacturing that container and manufactured product |
US5582670A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1996-12-10 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for the manufacture of sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
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US5660903A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-08-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
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US5830548A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-11-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Articles of manufacture and methods for manufacturing laminate structures including inorganically filled sheets |
US5658603A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-08-19 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Systems for molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix |
US5810961A (en) | 1993-11-19 | 1998-09-22 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Methods for manufacturing molded sheets having a high starch content |
US5679145A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-10-21 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Starch-based compositions having uniformly dispersed fibers used to manufacture high strength articles having a fiber-reinforced, starch-bound cellular matrix |
US5641584A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-06-24 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Highly insulative cementitious matrices and methods for their manufacture |
US5662731A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-09-02 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Compositions for manufacturing fiber-reinforced, starch-bound articles having a foamed cellular matrix |
US5716675A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1998-02-10 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for treating the surface of starch-based articles with glycerin |
DK169728B1 (en) | 1993-02-02 | 1995-01-23 | Stein Gaasland | Process for releasing cellulose-based fibers from each other in water and molding for plastic molding of cellulosic fiber products |
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US5738921A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1998-04-14 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Compositions and methods for manufacturing sealable, liquid-tight containers comprising an inorganically filled matrix |
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JPS604319B2 (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1985-02-02 | レンゴ−株式会社 | Paperboard-like synthetic pulp paper and its manufacturing method |
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SE441109B (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1985-09-09 | Svenska Traeforskningsinst | PAPERS WITH IMPROVED FEATURES AND WAYS TO MAKE IT SAME |
-
1985
- 1985-12-23 FR FR8519038A patent/FR2592070B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-12-15 AT AT86402800T patent/ATE57966T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-15 ES ES86402800T patent/ES2019296B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-15 EP EP19860402800 patent/EP0229562B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-15 DE DE8686402800T patent/DE3675366D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-22 PT PT8400386A patent/PT84003B/en unknown
-
1987
- 1987-04-16 US US07/039,076 patent/US5039378A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE57966T1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
PT84003A (en) | 1987-01-01 |
EP0229562A1 (en) | 1987-07-22 |
FR2592070B1 (en) | 1988-08-12 |
ES2019296B3 (en) | 1991-06-16 |
FR2592070A1 (en) | 1987-06-26 |
DE3675366D1 (en) | 1990-12-06 |
PT84003B (en) | 1989-01-17 |
US5039378A (en) | 1991-08-13 |
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