EP0229409A1 - Method and device for resiliently fastening railway rails - Google Patents

Method and device for resiliently fastening railway rails Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229409A1
EP0229409A1 EP86202074A EP86202074A EP0229409A1 EP 0229409 A1 EP0229409 A1 EP 0229409A1 EP 86202074 A EP86202074 A EP 86202074A EP 86202074 A EP86202074 A EP 86202074A EP 0229409 A1 EP0229409 A1 EP 0229409A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
elastic
substrate
support unit
load
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP86202074A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0229409B1 (en
Inventor
Joseph Grunenwaldt
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to BE0/216011A priority Critical patent/BE903862A/en
Priority claimed from BE0/216011A external-priority patent/BE903862A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0229409A1 publication Critical patent/EP0229409A1/en
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Publication of EP0229409B1 publication Critical patent/EP0229409B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/001—Track with ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of elastic fixing of rail tracks, comprising fixing the rail routinely on a support unit, and the intercalation of at least one elastic intermediate element between the support unit rail and any suitable substrate, this or these intermediate elements having a given elasticity in order to be able to exhibit a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a given load.
  • an elastic fixing device for a rail track comprising a support unit to which the rail is commonly fixed and at least one elastic intermediate element which is interposed between the support unit for the rail and a suitable substrate. any and which has a determined elasticity to be able to present a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a determined load.
  • the efficiency is all the greater when the natural frequency fo is low.
  • the natural frequency fo is directly related to the static deflection, under the effect of the gravity, of the mass M resting on the stiffness device k.
  • the mass M to be taken into account here is very variable over time.
  • the load to be taken up at x is several tonnes. If, on the other hand, the vehicle moves away from x, the load to be taken back is limited to the weight of the rail with fixing accessories, that is to say a few tens of kilos. The range is considerable, in a ratio which easily reaches 100 and can even greatly exceed this value.
  • the moving weight / dead weight ratio must be reduced as much as possible. Having no action on the moving weight, it is necessary to increase the dead weight. So a conventional solution consists in increasing the inert mass of the rail support.
  • An elastic rail fixing device is also known in which the rubber support elements provided are capable of reacting optimally, according to their characteristics; their elasticity is not reduced by bolting or tightening the two rigid rail support elements between which these rubber elements are found, as is very often the case.
  • a fixing device of this kind has been developed by the firm CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG and it comprises elastic intermediate elements bearing the trade name "L'Oeuf de Cologne” ®. These elastic intermediate elements have an elliptical shape and they are interposed between two support plates of the rail, which are not connected to each other in any other way. However, these devices do not in any way solve the problem posed by the wide range of loads to be supported, which has been described above.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to the problems posed which is simple and inexpensive, and which can even be easily applied to already existing railways.
  • a device as described at the beginning, and further comprising at least one second elastic intermediate element interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, this or these second intermediate elements having a different elasticity, hereinafter called second elasticity, which is determined so as to be able to have a good antivibration effect under a second determined load lower than the above-mentioned first load, all the elastic intermediate elements being stressed, when the rail is under the above-mentioned first load , while, when the rail is under the aforesaid second load, only the elastic second intermediate element or elements are stressed.
  • second elasticity a different elasticity
  • the first elastic intermediate element (s) and the second elastic intermediate element (s) are interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate so as to be stressed only during compression.
  • any suitable substrate is meant not only a stabilized or radiant ground but also one or more elements or groups of elements supported or anchored on the stabilized or radiate ground, for example anchor plates, sleepers , a slab, ballast, or combinations of these.
  • the device comprises, as first elastic intermediate elements, two blocks of elastic material interposed between a fixing plate, on which the rail is fixed by a rigid clip or any elastic fixing , and an anchor plate sealed directly in a slab, the anchor plate having at each of its ends stops preventing the lateral or longitudinal displacement of the blocks introduced between these stops, but allowing expansion of the blocks under load, each block elastic having a first hole which is situated opposite a stud for centering the fixing plate which fits properly into this hole, the elastic blocks also having other holes in which are housed, as second elements elastic intermediates, helical springs which, when the rail is at rest, slightly protrude upwards the blocks of elastic material.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 an exemplary embodiment of rail attachment 1 is illustrated.
  • the rail is supported by several rail 1 support units (only one of which is shown).
  • Each support unit comprises a fixing plate 2 fixed to the rail by means of toads 3 which each bear both on one edge of the pad 4 of the rail and on the upper face of the fixing plate 2.
  • Each toad 3 is crossed by a tightening bolt 5.
  • the tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the slab 10 is obtained by the arrangement on the threaded rod of each anchor bolt of a lower nut 14 embedded in the slab and separated from the underside of the plate anchoring by a washer of synthetic rubber 15, for example of neoprene, and of an upper nut 16 separated from the upper face of the anchoring plate 11 by a double Grower washer 17, the rod bolt 12 passing between the washer 15 and the washer 17, through a hole provided for this purpose in the anchor plate 11.
  • a screwing of the nut 16 of each anchor bolt 12 allows the desired tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the base 10.
  • this embodiment provides for fixing the rail without ballast, without crosspieces and without floating slab, therefore of a relatively simple and inexpensive material.
  • the device for elastic fixing of the rail comprises, sandwiched between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, two first elastic intermediate elements in the form of approximately parallelepipedal blocks 18 of elastic material, for example rubber, preferably reinforced natural rubber.
  • These blocks have an elasticity calculated to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect and good resistance to sag under a load corresponding to that of the rail on which a convoy passes, that is to say of the rail itself under load. This load can sometimes represent several tonnes while the rail at rest represents a weight of around 40 to 50 kg.
  • the illustrated fixing device comprises stop or retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their anchor plate 11.
  • these abutment or retaining means consist, for each elastic block 18, of a bar 19 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail1 which is welded to the anchoring plate 11 and against which the face lateral side of the block 18 is applied, as well as in two bars 20 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 which are welded to the anchoring plate 11 so as to form with the bar 19 a U in the plan view and against which apply respectively the front and rear faces of the block 18.
  • the illustrated fixing device comprises retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their fixing plate 2.
  • these retaining means comprise a cylindrical centering hole 21 in each elastic block, and centering studs 23 which protrude downward relative to the lower surface of the fixing plate 2 and which are arranged so as to be able to penetrate the aforementioned centering holes 21 when the fixing plate 2 is deposited on the elastic blocks 18.
  • the centering studs 23 are in fact previously welded inside perforations 22 provided at the ends of the fixing plate 2.
  • centering studs 23 have, in their part pressed into a cylindrical centering hole 21, a cylindrical upper part 24 which cooperates with the internal walls of the hole 21 to oppose by friction a relative displacement in a vertical direction between the fixing plate 2 and the elastic blocks 18, and a frustoconical lower part 25 which allows lateral expansion of the elastic material of the block 18 inside the hole 21 when the block is stressed.
  • the elastic blocks 18 are stressed by the rail only under compression. There is no longer any shear stress, which considerably increases the service life of this support element compared to those also shear stress and known in the prior art.
  • the device as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 also comprises, inserted between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, four second elastic intermediate elements in the form of helical springs 26 of steel, of which l The elasticity is calculated to be able to exhibit good anti-vibration resistance under a load corresponding only to that of the rail at rest.
  • these helical springs 26 are arranged inside additional holes 27 provided through each elastic block 18. These holes can thus serve to guide and retain the helical springs and the elastic blocks 18 thus simultaneously form means for retaining and guiding the second elastic intermediate elements of the fixing device according to the invention, which makes this solution very practical and compact.
  • the second elastic intermediate elements are also stressed only under compression.
  • the springs 26 can, in the rest position of the rail, be supported at one of their ends on the underside of the fixing plate 2 and at the other end on the upper face of the anchoring plate 11. It could be however also provide blind holes inside the support blocks, the springs taking then support by only one of their ends either on the fixing plate 2, or on the anchoring plate 11.
  • the important criterion is that, when the rail is at rest, only the coil springs 26 are stressed. To achieve this, in the illustrated case, the elasticity of the helical springs 26 has been calculated so that, under the sole load of the rail at rest, they protrude very slightly relative to the upper face of the elastic blocks 18.
  • the distance between the fixing plate 2 and the anchoring plate 11 must be very slightly greater than that which they will present when the rail is under load.
  • the fixing plate 2 compresses the springs 26 down over a very small distance, until it meets the elastic blocks 18 whose elasticity is calculated to resist the rail under load. So the stroke of the springs 26 is very short, between the rest state of the rail and its state under load.
  • the springs are therefore little stressed dynamically and undergo minimal fatigue. They can be provided very flexible, which makes it possible to optimally reduce their stiffness k and to obtain maximum antivibration efficiency when the load corresponds to the dead point of the rail.
  • the elastic blocks 18 are not stressed, these can be calculated to have an optimal elasticity only for the mass of the rail under load, that is to say - say that they can be designed to meet a narrow range of loads. They are therefore much more resistant to sag under heavy load, while having maximum antivibration efficiency when the rail is under load.
  • the elastic fixing device according to the invention is therefore designed to be able to respond in the best way in the two extreme conditions of stress on the rail. It is obvious that one could also provide, interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, additional elastic intermediate elements capable of exhibiting a good anti-vibration effect under one or more loads different from those of the rail at rest and of the rail under load, and for example under intermediate loads to these. This is easily achievable for example by providing an elasticity of two of the coil springs 26 which is different from that of the other two.
  • the rail support unit 1 comprises a floating concrete slab 28 on which the rails 1 are directly fixed by common fixing accessories not described in detail. It is therefore the concrete slab which will, in the known manner, increase the mass M of the rail support unit and thus reduce the variation between the mass of the rail at rest and that of the rail under load.
  • the substrate consists of the only raft 10.
  • first elastic intermediate elements here in the form of blocks 29 of reinforced natural rubber placed longitudinally approximately at the base of the two rails 1.
  • the elasticity of these blocks 29 is calculated to resist the weight of the slab when the rails are under load.
  • second elastic intermediate elements in the form of blocks 30 of reinforced natural rubber which are also arranged longitudinally, approximately plumb with the two rails 1.
  • the blocks 29 and 30 are arranged in parallel and alternately under the rails 1.
  • the elasticity of the blocks 30 is calculated to withstand the weight of the slab when the rails are at rest. Under this weight, their height must be slightly greater than that of the blocks 29, so that only the blocks 30 are stressed in the rest state of the rail.
  • This elastic fixing device further comprises elastic retaining means preventing relative movement in a direction transverse to the rail between the slab 28 and the slab 10.
  • elastic retaining means comprise brackets 31, bolted on either side of the slab 28 in the slab 10, stops 32 in the form of elastic blocks being fitted between the vertical wings of the brackets 31 and the lateral faces of the floating slab 28.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention. This embodiment differs from that illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 only in two aspects.
  • the elastic intermediate elements 18 are rubber blocks and the metal springs 26 rest here, each, on a washer 40 made of material. Any insulation. Naturally other means of electrical insulation can be provided, and, in addition, this electrical insulation can also be provided on other embodiments of the device according to the invention, in particular on that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the elastic intermediate elements can be designed so as not to be stressed only under compression, but so as to be able to also undergo a certain shear during their service.
  • the place where the elastic intermediate elements are arranged is not the same in both cases and therefore the structure of the rail support unit and that of the substrate can vary from case to case.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to envisage an inexpensive placement of the device according to the invention on existing tracks.
  • the anchoring plate 11 is in fact a conventional cross-member and to fix on it abutment means similar to bars 19 and 20, in order to be able to place elastic blocks 18 and springs 26 between the cross member and the fixing plate 2.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

1. Method of resiliently fastening railway rails, comprising the fastening of the rail in a normal manner on a support unit and the interposing of at least one resilient intermediate element between the rail support unit and any appropriate substrate, this or these intermediate element(s) having a resilience determined so as to be able to offer a good antivibratory effect and appropriate resistance to subsidence under a given load, characterised in that it comprises in addition the insertion, between the rail support unit and the substrate, of at least a second resilient intermediate element having a different resilience, called second resilience, which is determined so as to be able to present a good antivibratory effect under a second given load, smaller than the aforesaid first load, and in that, when the rail is under the aforesaid first load, all the resilient intermediate elements are stressed, whereas, when the rail is under the aforesaid second load, only the second resilient intermediate element or elements is/are stressed.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé de fixation élastique de rail de voie ferrée, comprenant la fixation du rail de manière courante sur une unité de support, et l'intercalation d'au moins un élément intermédiaire élastique entre l'unité de support du rail et un substrat approprié quelconque, ce ou ces éléments intermédiaires possédant une élasticité déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire et une résistance appropriée à l'affaissement sous une charge déterminée.The present invention relates to a method of elastic fixing of rail tracks, comprising fixing the rail routinely on a support unit, and the intercalation of at least one elastic intermediate element between the support unit rail and any suitable substrate, this or these intermediate elements having a given elasticity in order to be able to exhibit a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a given load.

Elle concerne également un dispositif de fixation élastique de rail de voie ferrée, comprenant une unité de support sur laquelle le rail est fixé de manière courante et au moins un élément intermédiaire élastique qui est intercalé entre l'unité de support du rail et un substrat approprié quelconque et qui possède une élasticité déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire et un résistance appropriée à l'affaissement sous une charge déterminée.It also relates to an elastic fixing device for a rail track, comprising a support unit to which the rail is commonly fixed and at least one elastic intermediate element which is interposed between the support unit for the rail and a suitable substrate. any and which has a determined elasticity to be able to present a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a determined load.

L'efficacité d'un dispositif anti-vibratoire supportant une masse M soumise à des sollicitations dynamiques est directement liée à la fréquence propre fo d'oscillation de cette masse M.The effectiveness of an anti-vibration device supporting a mass M subjected to dynamic stresses is directly linked to the natural frequency fo of oscillation of this mass M.

L'efficacité est d'autant plus grande que la fréquence propre fo est basse.The efficiency is all the greater when the natural frequency fo is low.

Pour abaisser la fréquence propre, il faut soit diminuer la radeur k, donc augmenter la souplesse des appuis élastiques, soit augmenter la masse M. On peut démontrer que la fréquence propre fo est directement liée à la déflexion statique, sous l'effet de la gravité, de la masse M reposant sur le dispositif de raideur k.To lower the natural frequency, it is necessary either to decrease the radiance k, therefore to increase the flexibility of the elastic supports, or to increase the mass M. It can be demonstrated that the natural frequency fo is directly related to the static deflection, under the effect of the gravity, of the mass M resting on the stiffness device k.

Dans le cas particulier du rail, en un endroit x donné, la masse M à prendre en considération est ici très variable dans le temps.In the particular case of the rail, at a given location x, the mass M to be taken into account here is very variable over time.

En effet, si le véhicule est à l'aplomb de x, la charge à reprendre en x (poids sur un essieu pour un véhicule chargé) est de plusieurs tonnes. Si par contre le véhicule s'éloigne de x, la charge à reprendre se limite au poids du rail avec accessoires de fixations, c'est-à-dire quelques dizaines de kilos. L'éventail est considérable, dans un rapport qui atteint facilement 100 et peut même dépasser largement cette valeur.Indeed, if the vehicle is perpendicular to x, the load to be taken up at x (weight on an axle for a loaded vehicle) is several tonnes. If, on the other hand, the vehicle moves away from x, the load to be taken back is limited to the weight of the rail with fixing accessories, that is to say a few tens of kilos. The range is considerable, in a ratio which easily reaches 100 and can even greatly exceed this value.

Or, dans ces conditions extrêmes, aucune matière ne présente des caractéristiques intéressantes d'un bout à l'autre de l'échelle des charges : ou bien la matière est dimensionnée pour travailler efficacement sous la faible charge de quelques kilos et dans ce cas elle ne travaille plus sous la charge de plusieurs tonnes, car elle est alors comprimée à un tel point qu'elle a perdu toute élasticité, ou bien la matière est dimensionnée pour travailler effica­cement sous la charge la plus élevée et, dans ce cas, elle ne travaille pas sous la charge la plus basse, sa raideur étant trop élevée.However, under these extreme conditions, no material has interesting characteristics from one end to the other of the load scale: either the material is sized to work effectively under the light load of a few kilos and in this case it no longer works under the load of several tonnes, because it is then compressed to such an extent that it has lost all elasticity, or else the material is sized to work effectively under the highest load and, in this case, it does not not work under the lowest load, its stiffness being too high.

Il faut aussi attirer l'attenuation sur le fait que, bien que les vibrations soient engendrées à l'aplomb des essieux, il ne suffit pas que l'isolation soit efficace sous les roues. Les vibrations se transmettent très bien dans le sens horizontal, notamment par le rail lui-même, et de cet fait une isolation efficace est également nécessaire jusqu'à une certaine distance du véhicule en mouvement, faute de quoi le rendement global est sensiblement diminué.It is also necessary to draw attention to the fact that, although the vibrations are generated below the axles, it is not enough that the insulation is effective under the wheels. The vibrations are transmitted very well in the horizontal direction, in particular by the rail itself, and therefore effective insulation is also necessary up to a certain distance from the moving vehicle, failing which the overall efficiency is significantly reduced.

Les inconvénients cités plus haut résultent de ce que la charge module (essieu chargé) est considérablement plus grande que le poids mort (poids du rail).The disadvantages mentioned above result from the fact that the module load (loaded axle) is considerably greater than the dead weight (weight of the rail).

Pour diminuer l'éventail des charges à prendre en considéra­tion, il faut diminuer autant que possible le rapport poids mobile/poids mort. N'ayant pas d'action sur le poids mobile, il faut augmenter le poids mort. Donc une solution classique consiste en une augmentation de la masse inerte du support du rail.To reduce the range of loads to be taken into account, the moving weight / dead weight ratio must be reduced as much as possible. Having no action on the moving weight, it is necessary to increase the dead weight. So a conventional solution consists in increasing the inert mass of the rail support.

Cette idée conduit à la solution bien connue de la dalle flottante dont le poids peut aisément être tel que le rapport en question est considérablement amoindri, l'efficacité de l'isolation antivibratoire variant nettement moins selon que la charge mobile est ou n'est pas présente. Cette solution ne répond toutefois pas entièrement à l'objection de la transmission de vibrations en des endroits plus ou moins voisins du véhicule. De plus elle est fort coûteuse et ne peut donc convenir pour n'importe quel type de voies ferrées.This idea leads to the well-known solution of the floating slab whose weight can easily be such that the ratio in question is considerably reduced, the effectiveness of the vibration isolation varying much less depending on whether the mobile load is or is not present. This solution does not however entirely respond to the objection of the transmission of vibrations in places more or less close to the vehicle. In addition, it is very expensive and therefore cannot be suitable for any type of railway.

On connaît également un dispositif de fixation élastique de rails dans lequel les éléments de suport en caoutchouc prévus sont capables de réagir de façon optimale, selon leurs caractéristiques; en effet leur élasticité n'est pas réduite par un boulonnage ou un serrage des deux éléments de support de rail rigides entre lesquels ces éléments en caoutchouc se trouvent, comme c'est le cas très fréquemment. Un dispositif de fixation de ce genre a été mis au point par la firme CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG et il comprend des éléments intermédiaires élastiques portant la dénomination commerciale de "L'Oeuf de Cologne" ®. Ces éléments intermédiaires élastiques ont une forme elliptique et ils sont intercalés entre deux plaques de support du rail, qui ne sont pas reliées entre elles d'une autre manière. Ces dispositifs ne permettent toutefois aucunement de résoudre le problème posé par le large éventail de charges à devoir supporter, et qui a été décrit précédemment.An elastic rail fixing device is also known in which the rubber support elements provided are capable of reacting optimally, according to their characteristics; their elasticity is not reduced by bolting or tightening the two rigid rail support elements between which these rubber elements are found, as is very often the case. A fixing device of this kind has been developed by the firm CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG and it comprises elastic intermediate elements bearing the trade name "L'Oeuf de Cologne" ®. These elastic intermediate elements have an elliptical shape and they are interposed between two support plates of the rail, which are not connected to each other in any other way. However, these devices do not in any way solve the problem posed by the wide range of loads to be supported, which has been described above.

D'autre part, les éléments de support intermédiaires élastiques connus, mis au point notamment par la firme CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG, travaillent au cisaillement, ce qui augmente leur vitesse de vieillissement.On the other hand, the known elastic intermediate support elements, developed in particular by the firm CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG, work in shear, which increases their aging speed.

La présente invention a pour but d'apporter aux problèmes posés une solution qui soit simple et peu coûteuse, et qui puisse même être appliquée facilement aux voies ferrées déjà existantes.The present invention aims to provide a solution to the problems posed which is simple and inexpensive, and which can even be easily applied to already existing railways.

On a prévu pour cela, suivant l'invention, un procédé, tel que décrit au début, et comprenant en outre l'intercalation, entre l'unité de support du rail et le substrat, d'au moins un deuxième élément intermédiaire élastique possédant une élasticité différente, appelée dans la suite deuxième élasticité, qui est déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une deuxième charge déterminée inférieure à la première charge susdite, tous les éléments intermédiaires élastiques étant sollicités, lorsque le rail est sous la première charge susdite, tandis que, lorsque le rail est sous la deuxième charge susdite, seuls le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont sollicités.There is provided for this, according to the invention, a method, as described at the beginning, and further comprising the intercalation, between the rail support unit and the substrate, of at least one second elastic intermediate element having a different elasticity, hereinafter called second elasticity, which is determined to be able to have a good antivibration effect under a second determined load lower than the first aforementioned load, all the elastic intermediate elements being urged, when the rail is under the first aforementioned load, while, when the rail is under the second aforementioned load, only the elastic intermediate element (s) are stressed .

On a également prévu, suivant l'invention, un dispositif, tel que décrit au début, et comprenant en outre au moins un deuxième élément intermédiaire élastique intercalé entre l'unité de support du rail et le substrat, ce ou ces deuxième éléments intermédiaires possédant une élasticité différente, appelée dans la suite deuxième élasticité, qui est déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une deuxième charge déterminée inférieure à la première charge susdite, tous les éléments intermédiaires élastiques étant sollicités, lorsque le rail est sous la première charge susdite, tandis que, lorsque le rail est sous la deuxième charge susdite, seuls le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont sollicités.There is also provided, according to the invention, a device, as described at the beginning, and further comprising at least one second elastic intermediate element interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, this or these second intermediate elements having a different elasticity, hereinafter called second elasticity, which is determined so as to be able to have a good antivibration effect under a second determined load lower than the above-mentioned first load, all the elastic intermediate elements being stressed, when the rail is under the above-mentioned first load , while, when the rail is under the aforesaid second load, only the elastic second intermediate element or elements are stressed.

Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, le ou les premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques et le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont intercalés entre l'unité de support du rail et le substrat de manière à être sollicités uniquement à la compression.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first elastic intermediate element (s) and the second elastic intermediate element (s) are interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate so as to be stressed only during compression.

Dans la présente invention, il faut entendre par l'expres­sion "unité de support", le ou les éléments ou groupes d'éléments sur lesquels le rail est fixé directement de manière courante, par exemple des plaques ou selles de fixation, des traverses, une dalle, ou des éléments de support analogues, ou encore des combinaisons de plusieurs de ces éléments.In the present invention, the expression “support unit” should be understood to mean the element or groups or elements to which the rail is fixed directly in a routine manner, for example fixing plates or saddles, crosspieces, a slab, or similar support elements, or combinations of several of these elements.

Par l'expression "substrat approprié quelconque" il faut entendre non seulement un sol stabilisé ou radier mais aussi un ou des éléments ou groupes d'éléments supportés ou ancrés sur le sol stabilisé ou radier, par exemple des plaques d'ancrage, des traverses, une dalle, du ballast, ou des combinaisons de ces éléments.By the expression "any suitable substrate" is meant not only a stabilized or radiant ground but also one or more elements or groups of elements supported or anchored on the stabilized or radiate ground, for example anchor plates, sleepers , a slab, ballast, or combinations of these.

Suivant une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, les premiers et deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont des ressorts et/ou des blocs en matière élastique naturelle ou synthéti­ que, armés ou non.According to another embodiment of the invention, the first and second elastic intermediate elements are springs and / or blocks made of natural or synthetic elastic material. that, armed or not.

Suivant une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le dispositif comprend, à titre de premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques, deux blocs en matière élastique intercalés entre une plaque de fixation, sur laquelle le rail est fixé par un crapaud rigide ou une fixation élastique quelconque, et une plaque d'ancrage scellée directement dans un radier, la plaque d'ancrage présentant à chacune de ses extrémités des butées empêchant un déplacement latéral ou longitudinal des blocs introduits entre ces butées, mais permettant une expansion des blocs sous charge, chaque bloc élastique présentant un premier trou qui est situé en face d'un goujon de centrage de la plaque de fixation qui pénètre de façon ajustée dans ce trou, les blocs élastiques présentant en outre d'autres trous dans lesquels sont logés, à titre de deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques, des ressorts hélicoïdaux qui, lorsque le rail est au repos, dépassent légèrement vers le haut les blocs en matière élastique.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises, as first elastic intermediate elements, two blocks of elastic material interposed between a fixing plate, on which the rail is fixed by a rigid clip or any elastic fixing , and an anchor plate sealed directly in a slab, the anchor plate having at each of its ends stops preventing the lateral or longitudinal displacement of the blocks introduced between these stops, but allowing expansion of the blocks under load, each block elastic having a first hole which is situated opposite a stud for centering the fixing plate which fits properly into this hole, the elastic blocks also having other holes in which are housed, as second elements elastic intermediates, helical springs which, when the rail is at rest, slightly protrude upwards the blocks of elastic material.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après à titre non limitatif et avec référence aux dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe, suivant la ligne I-I de la figure 2, d'une forme de réalisation de dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue en plan du dispositif illustré sur la figure 1, où la plaque de fixation est partiellement brisée du côté droit.
  • La figure 3 représente une vue en coupe transversale à travers une variante de réalisation de dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 4 représente une vue en coupe, analogue à la figure 1, d'une variante de réalisation de dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description given below without implied limitation and with reference to the attached drawings.
  • 1 shows a sectional view, along line II of Figure 2, of an embodiment of the fixing device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the device illustrated in Figure 1, where the mounting plate is partially broken on the right side.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view through an alternative embodiment of the fixing device according to the invention.
  • 4 shows a sectional view, similar to Figure 1, of an alternative embodiment of the fixing device according to the invention.

Dans les différentes figures, les éléments identiques ou analogues sont désignés par les mêmes références.In the various figures, identical or analogous elements are designated by the same references.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, est illustré un exemple de réalisation de fixation de rail 1. Selon cet exemple de réalisation, le rail est supporté par plusieurs unités de support du rail 1 (dont une seule est représentée). Chaque unité de support comprend une plaque de fixation 2 fixée au rail par l'intermédiaire de crapauds 3 qui prennent chacun appui à la fois sur un bord du patin 4 du rail et sur la face supérieure de la plaque de fixation 2. Chaque crapaud 3 est traversé par un boulon de serrage 5.In FIGS. 1 and 2, an exemplary embodiment of rail attachment 1 is illustrated. According to this exemplary embodiment, the rail is supported by several rail 1 support units (only one of which is shown). Each support unit comprises a fixing plate 2 fixed to the rail by means of toads 3 which each bear both on one edge of the pad 4 of the rail and on the upper face of the fixing plate 2. Each toad 3 is crossed by a tightening bolt 5.

De part et d'autre de la tige du boulon 5, deux pattes 7, solidaires de la plaque de fixation 2, recouvrent partiellement la tête 6 du boulon 5. Après enfilage, autour de la tige du boulon 5, successivement du crapaud 3 et d'une rondelle Grower double 8, le boulon 5 fileté est serré par l'intermédiaire d'un écrou 9, ce qui applique le crapaud 3 sur le patin 4 du rail 1 et sur la plaque de fixation 2.On either side of the bolt rod 5, two lugs 7, integral with the fixing plate 2, partially cover the head 6 of the bolt 5. After threading, around the bolt rod 5, successively the toad 3 and a double Grower washer 8, the threaded bolt 5 is tightened by means of a nut 9, which applies the toad 3 to the shoe 4 of the rail 1 and to the fixing plate 2.

Egalement, selon cet exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, le substrat sur lequel le rail est posé comprend un sol stabilisé, dans le cas présent un radier en béton 10, et plusieurs plaques d'ancrage 11 (dont une seule est représentée) fixées au radier par l'intermédiaire de boulons d'ancrage 12 dont la tête 13 a été préablement scellée d'une manière courante dans le radier, par exemple par de la résine époxyde. Le serrage entre la plaque d'ancrage 11 et le radier 10 est obtenu par l'agencement sur la tige filetée de chaque boulon d'ancrage d'un écrou inférieur 14 noyé dans le radier et séparé de la face inférieure de la plaque d'ancrage par une rondelle de caoutchouc synthétique 15, par exemple de Néoprène, et d'un écrou supérieur 16 séparé de la face supérieure de la plaque d'ancrage 11 par une rondelle Grower double 17, la tige du boulon 12 passant, entre la rondelle 15 et la rondelle 17, à travers une perforation prévue à cet effet dans la plaque d'ancrage 11. Un vissage de l'écrou 16 de chaque boulon d'ancrage 12 permet le serrage souhaité entre la plaque d'ancrage 11 et le radier 10.Also, according to this exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the substrate on which the rail is placed comprises a stabilized ground, in this case a concrete slab 10, and several anchor plates 11 (only one of which is shown) fixed to the raft by means of anchor bolts 12, the head 13 of which has been previously sealed in a current manner in the raft, for example by epoxy resin. The tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the slab 10 is obtained by the arrangement on the threaded rod of each anchor bolt of a lower nut 14 embedded in the slab and separated from the underside of the plate anchoring by a washer of synthetic rubber 15, for example of neoprene, and of an upper nut 16 separated from the upper face of the anchoring plate 11 by a double Grower washer 17, the rod bolt 12 passing between the washer 15 and the washer 17, through a hole provided for this purpose in the anchor plate 11. A screwing of the nut 16 of each anchor bolt 12 allows the desired tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the base 10.

Il faut donc noter que cet exemple de réalisation prévoit une fixation du rail sans ballast, sans traverses et sans dalle flottante, donc d'une matière relativement simple et peu coûteuse.It should therefore be noted that this embodiment provides for fixing the rail without ballast, without crosspieces and without floating slab, therefore of a relatively simple and inexpensive material.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, le dispositif de fixation élastique du rail suivant l'invention comprend, intercalés entre chaque unité de support du rail et le substrat, deux premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques sous la forme de blocs 18 approximativement parallélépipédiques en matière élastique, par exemple en caoutchouc, de préférence en caoutchouc naturel armé. Ces blocs possèdent une élasticité calculée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire et une bonne résistance à l'affaissement sous une charge correspondant à celle du rail sur lequel passe un convoi, c'est-à-dire du rail lui-même sous charge. Cette charge peut parfois représenter plusieurs tonnes alors que le rail au repos représente un poids de 40 à 50 kg environ.In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the device for elastic fixing of the rail according to the invention comprises, sandwiched between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, two first elastic intermediate elements in the form of approximately parallelepipedal blocks 18 of elastic material, for example rubber, preferably reinforced natural rubber. These blocks have an elasticity calculated to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect and good resistance to sag under a load corresponding to that of the rail on which a convoy passes, that is to say of the rail itself under load. This load can sometimes represent several tonnes while the rail at rest represents a weight of around 40 to 50 kg.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif de fixation illustré comprend des moyens de butée ou de retenue qui empêchent tout déplacement relatif suivant les directions longitudinale et transversale du rail entre les blocs élastiques 18 et leur plaque d'ancrage 11. Dans l'exemple de réalistion illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, ces moyens de butée ou de retenue consistent, pour chaque bloc élastique 18, en une barre 19 parallèle à la direction longitudinale du rail1 qui est soudée sur la plaque d'ancrage 11 et contre laquelle la face latérale externe du bloc 18 est appliquée, ainsi qu'en deux barres 20 perpendiculaires à la direction longitudinale du rail 1 qui sont soudées sur la plaque d'ancrage 11 de manière à former avec la barre 19 un U dans la vue en plan et contre lesquelles s'appliquent les faces respectivement avant et arrière du bloc 18.According to the invention, the illustrated fixing device comprises stop or retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their anchor plate 11. In the example of embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, these abutment or retaining means consist, for each elastic block 18, of a bar 19 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail1 which is welded to the anchoring plate 11 and against which the face lateral side of the block 18 is applied, as well as in two bars 20 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 which are welded to the anchoring plate 11 so as to form with the bar 19 a U in the plan view and against which apply respectively the front and rear faces of the block 18.

Par ailleurs, conformément à l'invention également, le dispositif de fixation illustré comprend des moyens de retenue qui empêchent tout déplacement relatif suivant les directions longitu­dinale et transversale du rail entre les blocs élastiques 18 et leur plaque de fixation 2. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, ces moyens de retenue comprenent un trou de centrage cylindrique 21 dans chaque bloc élastique, et des goujons de centrage 23 qui font saillie vers le bas par rapport à la surface inférieure de la plaque de fixation 2 et qui sont agencés de manière à pouvoir pénétrer dans les trous de centrage 21 susdits lorqu'on dépose la plaque de fixation 2 sur les blocs élastiques 18. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré, les goujons de centrage 23 sont en fait préalablement soudés à l'intérieur de perforations 22 prévues aux extrémités de la plaque de fixation 2. Ces goujons de centrage 23 présentent, dans leur partie enfoncée dans un trou de centrage cylindrique 21, une partie supérieure cylindrique 24 qui coopère avec les parois internes du trou 21 pour s'opposer par frottement à un déplacement relatif suivant une direction verticale entre la plaque de fixation 2 et les blocs élastiques 18, et une partie inférieure tronconique 25 qui permet une expansion latérale de la matière élastique du bloc 18 à l'intérieur du trou 21 lorsque le bloc est sollicité.Furthermore, also in accordance with the invention, the illustrated fixing device comprises retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their fixing plate 2. In the example of embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, these retaining means comprise a cylindrical centering hole 21 in each elastic block, and centering studs 23 which protrude downward relative to the lower surface of the fixing plate 2 and which are arranged so as to be able to penetrate the aforementioned centering holes 21 when the fixing plate 2 is deposited on the elastic blocks 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the centering studs 23 are in fact previously welded inside perforations 22 provided at the ends of the fixing plate 2. These centering studs 23 have, in their part pressed into a cylindrical centering hole 21, a cylindrical upper part 24 which cooperates with the internal walls of the hole 21 to oppose by friction a relative displacement in a vertical direction between the fixing plate 2 and the elastic blocks 18, and a frustoconical lower part 25 which allows lateral expansion of the elastic material of the block 18 inside the hole 21 when the block is stressed.

Ainsi qu'il ressort nettement de cet exemple de réalisation, les blocs élastiques 18 sont sollicités par le rail uniquement à la compression. Il n'y a plus aucune sollicitation au cisaillement, ce qui augmente considérablement la durée de vie de cet élément de support par rapport à ceux également sollicités au cisaillement et connus dans la technique antérieure.As is clear from this exemplary embodiment, the elastic blocks 18 are stressed by the rail only under compression. There is no longer any shear stress, which considerably increases the service life of this support element compared to those also shear stress and known in the prior art.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif tel qu'illustré sur les figures 1 et 2 comprend aussi, intercalés entre chaque unité de suppport du rail et le substrat, quatre deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sous la forme de ressorts helicoïdaux 26 en acier, dont l'élasticité est calculée pour pouvoir présenter une bonne résistance antivibratoire sous une charge correspondant uniquement à celle du rail au repos. Dans l'exemple illustré, ces ressorts helicoïdaux 26 sont agencés à l'intérieur de trous supplémentaires 27 prévus à travers chaque bloc élastiques 18. Ces trous peuvent servir ainsi à guider et à retenir les ressorts hélicoïdaux et les blocs élastiques 18 forment ainsi simultanément des moyens de retenue et de guidage des deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques du dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention, ce qui rend cette solution très pratique et compacte. Comme on peut le remarquer, les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont eux aussi sollicités uniquement à la compression. Les ressorts 26 peuvent, en position de repos du rail, être en appui à une de leurs extrémités sur la face inférieure de la plaque de fixation 2 et à l'autre extrémité sur la face supérieure de la plaque d'ancrage 11. On pourrait cependant aussi prévoir des trous borgnes à l'interieur des blocs d'appui, les ressorts prenant alors appui par une seule de leurs extrémités soit sur la plaque de fixation 2, soit sur la plaque d'ancrage 11. Le critère important est que, lorsque le rail est au repos, seuls les ressorts hélicoïdaux 26 soient sollicités. Pour réaliser cela, dans le cas illustré, on a calculé l'élasticité des ressorts hélicoïdaux 26 de façon que, sous la seule charge du rail au repos, ils fassent très légèrement saillie par rapport à la face supérieure des blocs élastiques 18. Donc, à l'état de repos du rail, il faut que la distance entre la plaque de fixation 2 et la plaque d'ancrage 11 soit très légèrement supérieure à celle qu'elles présenteront lorsque le rail sera sous charge. A ce moment, en effet, la plaque de fixation 2 comprime les ressorts 26 vers le bas sur une très petite distance, jusqu'à ce qu'elle rencontre les blocs élastiques 18 dont l'élasticité est calculée pour résister au rail sous charge. Donc la course des ressorts 26 est très courte, entre l'état de repos du rail et son état sous charge. Les ressorts sont donc peu sollicités dynamiquement et subissent une fatigue minime. Ills peuvent être prévus très souples, ce qui permet de diminuer de manière optimale leur raideur k et d'obtenir une efficacité anti­vibratoire maximale lorsque la charge correspond au poinds mort du rail. Par ailleurs, comme, tant que le rail n'est pas sous charge, les blocs élastiques 18 ne sont pas sollicités, ceux-ci peuvent être calculés pour présenter une élasticité optimale uniquement pour la masse du rail sous charge, c'est-à-dire qu'ils peuvent être conçus pour répondre à un éventail étroit de charges. Ils sont de ce fait beaucoup plus résistant à l'affaissement sous une forte charge, tout en présentant une efficacité antivibratoire maximale lorsque le rail est sous charge.According to the invention, the device as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 also comprises, inserted between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, four second elastic intermediate elements in the form of helical springs 26 of steel, of which l The elasticity is calculated to be able to exhibit good anti-vibration resistance under a load corresponding only to that of the rail at rest. In the example illustrated, these helical springs 26 are arranged inside additional holes 27 provided through each elastic block 18. These holes can thus serve to guide and retain the helical springs and the elastic blocks 18 thus simultaneously form means for retaining and guiding the second elastic intermediate elements of the fixing device according to the invention, which makes this solution very practical and compact. As can be seen, the second elastic intermediate elements are also stressed only under compression. The springs 26 can, in the rest position of the rail, be supported at one of their ends on the underside of the fixing plate 2 and at the other end on the upper face of the anchoring plate 11. It could be however also provide blind holes inside the support blocks, the springs taking then support by only one of their ends either on the fixing plate 2, or on the anchoring plate 11. The important criterion is that, when the rail is at rest, only the coil springs 26 are stressed. To achieve this, in the illustrated case, the elasticity of the helical springs 26 has been calculated so that, under the sole load of the rail at rest, they protrude very slightly relative to the upper face of the elastic blocks 18. Therefore, in the rail rest state, the distance between the fixing plate 2 and the anchoring plate 11 must be very slightly greater than that which they will present when the rail is under load. At this time, in fact, the fixing plate 2 compresses the springs 26 down over a very small distance, until it meets the elastic blocks 18 whose elasticity is calculated to resist the rail under load. So the stroke of the springs 26 is very short, between the rest state of the rail and its state under load. The springs are therefore little stressed dynamically and undergo minimal fatigue. They can be provided very flexible, which makes it possible to optimally reduce their stiffness k and to obtain maximum antivibration efficiency when the load corresponds to the dead point of the rail. Furthermore, as, as long as the rail is not under load, the elastic blocks 18 are not stressed, these can be calculated to have an optimal elasticity only for the mass of the rail under load, that is to say - say that they can be designed to meet a narrow range of loads. They are therefore much more resistant to sag under heavy load, while having maximum antivibration efficiency when the rail is under load.

Le dispositif de fixation élastique suivant l'invention est par conséquent conçu pour pouvoir répondre de la meilleure manière dans les deux conditions extrêmes de sollicitation du rail. Il est évident qu'on pourrait prévoir en outre, intercalés entre l'unité de support du rail et le substrat, des éléments intermédiaires élastiques supplémentaires capables de présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une ou des charges différentes de celles du rail au repos et du rail sous charge, et par exemple sous des charges intermédiaires à ces dernières. Cela est facilement réalisable par exemple en pré­voyant une élasticité de deux des ressorts hélicoïdaux 26 qui soit différente de celle des deux autres.The elastic fixing device according to the invention is therefore designed to be able to respond in the best way in the two extreme conditions of stress on the rail. It is obvious that one could also provide, interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, additional elastic intermediate elements capable of exhibiting a good anti-vibration effect under one or more loads different from those of the rail at rest and of the rail under load, and for example under intermediate loads to these. This is easily achievable for example by providing an elasticity of two of the coil springs 26 which is different from that of the other two.

Si, dans la forme de réalisation illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2, on a essentiellement recherché l'amélioration du paramètre de la raideur k des éléments amortisseurs, en prévoyant un dispositif à double ou multiple élasticité, on peut également faire intervenir en supplément le paramètre de la masse M, ainsi qu'il va être décrit à l'aide de la variante de réalisation de l'invention suivant la figure 3.If, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, efforts have essentially been made to improve the parameter of the stiffness k of the damping elements, by providing a device with double or multiple elasticity, it is also possible to involve in addition the mass parameter M, as will be described using the variant embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 3.

Selon cet exemple de réalisation, l'unité de support des rails 1 comprend une dalle flottante en béton 28 sur laquelle les rails1 sont directement fixés par des accessoires de fixation courants non décrits en détail. C'est donc la dalle en béton qui va, de la manière connue, augmenter la masse M de l'unité de support du rail et réduire ainsi la variation entre la masse du rail au repos et celle du rail sous charge. Le substrat est constitué du seul radier 10.According to this exemplary embodiment, the rail support unit 1 comprises a floating concrete slab 28 on which the rails 1 are directly fixed by common fixing accessories not described in detail. It is therefore the concrete slab which will, in the known manner, increase the mass M of the rail support unit and thus reduce the variation between the mass of the rail at rest and that of the rail under load. The substrate consists of the only raft 10.

Entre la dalle 28 et le radier 10 sont intercalés de premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques, ici sous la forme de blocs 29 de caoutchouc naturel armé diposés longitudinalement approximativement à l'aplomb des deux rails 1. L'élasticité de ces blocs 29 est calculée pour résister au poids de la dalle lorsque les rails sont sous charge.Between the slab 28 and the raft 10 are inserted first elastic intermediate elements, here in the form of blocks 29 of reinforced natural rubber placed longitudinally approximately at the base of the two rails 1. The elasticity of these blocks 29 is calculated to resist the weight of the slab when the rails are under load.

Entre la dalle 28 et le radier 10 sont également intercalés des deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques, sous la forme de blocs 30 en caoutchouc naturel armé qui sont eux aussi disposés longitudinalement, approximativement à l'aplomb des deux rails 1. Ainsi qu'il ressort de la figure 3, les blocs 29 et 30 sont disposés parallèlement et en alternance sous les rails 1. L'élasticité des blocs 30 est calculée pour résister au poids de la dalle lorsque les rails sont au repos. Sous ce poids, leur hauteur doit être légèrement supé­rieure à celle des blocs 29, de façon que seuls les blocs 30 soient sollicités à l'état de repos du rail.Between the slab 28 and the slab 10 are also interposed second elastic intermediate elements, in the form of blocks 30 of reinforced natural rubber which are also arranged longitudinally, approximately plumb with the two rails 1. As is clear from Figure 3, the blocks 29 and 30 are arranged in parallel and alternately under the rails 1. The elasticity of the blocks 30 is calculated to withstand the weight of the slab when the rails are at rest. Under this weight, their height must be slightly greater than that of the blocks 29, so that only the blocks 30 are stressed in the rest state of the rail.

Ce dispositif de fixation élastique comprend en outre des moyens de retenue élastiques empêchant un déplacement relatif suivant une direction transversale au rail entre la dalle 28 et le radier 10. Ces moyens comprennent des équerres 31, boulonnées de part et d'autre de la dalle 28 dans le radier 10, des butées 32 en forme de blocs élastiques étant ajustées entre les ailes verticales des équerres 31 et les faces latérales de la dalle flottante 28.This elastic fixing device further comprises elastic retaining means preventing relative movement in a direction transverse to the rail between the slab 28 and the slab 10. These means comprise brackets 31, bolted on either side of the slab 28 in the slab 10, stops 32 in the form of elastic blocks being fitted between the vertical wings of the brackets 31 and the lateral faces of the floating slab 28.

Sur la figure 4 est illustrée une autre variante de réali­sation de dispositif suivant l'invention. Cette forme de réalisation ne diffère de celle illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2 que sous deux aspects.FIG. 4 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention. This embodiment differs from that illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 only in two aspects.

En premier lieu on a prévu une isolation électrique complète entre la plaque de fixation 2 et la plaque d'ancrage 11. Les éléments intermédiaires élastiques 18 sont des blocs de caoutchouc et les ressorts métalliques 26 reposent ici, chacun, sur une rondelle 40 en matière isolante quelconque. Naturellement d'autres moyens d'isolation électriques peuvent être prévus, et, de plus, cette isolation électrique peut aussi être prévue sur d'autres formes de réalisation du dispositif suivant l'invention, notamment sur celle illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2.Firstly, complete electrical insulation has been provided between the fixing plate 2 and the anchoring plate 11. The elastic intermediate elements 18 are rubber blocks and the metal springs 26 rest here, each, on a washer 40 made of material. any insulation. Naturally other means of electrical insulation can be provided, and, in addition, this electrical insulation can also be provided on other embodiments of the device according to the invention, in particular on that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

On a par ailleurs prévu des moyens d'assemblage tempo­raire entre la plaque de fixation 2 et la plaque d'ancrage 11. Dans cette forme de réalisation, sur chacun des boulons d'ancrage 12 est agencé, entre la rondelle Grower double 17, appliquée contre l'écrou 16 et la plaque d'ancrage 11, un bloc 41 en matière sensiblement rigide, par exemple en Nylon, surmonté d'une rondelle 42. Ce bloc 41 en matière rigide a une hauteur supérieure à la somme de celle de la plaque de fixation 2 et des éléments intermédiaires élastiques lorsque le rail est à l'état de repos, et il présente en direction du rail un épaulement 43 qui passe partiellement par-dessus la plaque de fixation 2. La distance qui sépare la face inférieure de l'épaule­ment 43 et la fce supérieure de la plaque de fixation 2 est inférieure à la hauteur de la partie supérieure cylindrique 24 du goujon de centrage 23 ainsi qu'à la hauteur des butées 19 et 20.Temporary assembly means have also been provided between the fixing plate 2 and the anchor plate 11. In this embodiment, on each of the anchor bolts 12 is arranged, between the double Grower washer 17, applied against the nut 16 and the anchoring plate 11, a block 41 of substantially rigid material, for example nylon, surmounted by a washer 42. This block 41 of rigid material has a height greater than the sum of that of the fixing plate 2 and elastic intermediate elements when the rail is in the rest state, and it has in the direction of the rail a shoulder 43 which passes partially over the fixing plate 2. The distance between the underside of the shoulder 43 and the upper face of the fixing plate 2 is less than the height of the cylindrical upper part 24 of the centering stud 23 as well as the height of the stops 19 and 20.

Grâce à cet agencement, on peut, entre les écrous 16 et 14, serrer ensemble la plaque de fixation 2 et la plaque d'ancrage 11, de manière rigide, lorsqu'une cale 44 est intercalée entre l'épaulement 43 et la plaque de fixation 2 (voir partie de droite de la figure 4). Il est ainsi possible d'assembler de manière rigide et temporaire la plaque de fixation 2, sur laquelle est fixé le rail 1, et la plaque d'ancrage 11, et d'effectuer cette opération par exemple en atelier. On peut alors transporter l'ensemble sur place et ancrer ou sceller le tout de manière courante dans le reste du substrat, c'est-à-dire dans le cas représenté sur la figure 4, le radier 10. Après cet ancrage ou scellement, il est alors possible d'enlever les cales 44 et donc de faire disparaître l'assemblage rigide qui, s'il n'était pas supprimé, empêcherait le dispositif de fixation élastique suivant l'invention de fonctionner de façon maximale (voir partie de gauche de la figure 4).Thanks to this arrangement, it is possible, between the nuts 16 and 14, to tighten together the fixing plate 2 and the anchoring plate 11, rigidly, when a wedge 44 is interposed between the shoulder 43 and the fixing plate 2 (see right part of Figure 4). It is thus possible to rigidly and temporarily assemble the fixing plate 2, on which the rail 1 is fixed, and the anchoring plate 11, and to perform this operation for example in the workshop. It is then possible to transport the assembly on site and anchor or seal the whole in a current manner in the rest of the substrate, that is to say in the case represented in FIG. 4, the raft 10. After this anchoring or sealing, it is then possible to remove the wedges 44 and therefore to remove the rigid assembly which, if it were not removed, would prevent the elastic fixing device according to the invention from functioning as fully as possible (see part on the left in Figure 4).

Il doit être entendu que le présente invention n'est en aucune façon limitée aux formes de réalisation illustrées et que bien des modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir du cadre du présent brevet.It should be understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the illustrated embodiments and that many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of this patent.

On peut par exemple prévoir que les éléments intermé­diaires élastiques puissent être conçus de façon à ne pas être sollicités uniquement à la compression, mais de façon à pouvoir subir aussi un certain cisaillement pendant leur service.One can for example provide that the elastic intermediate elements can be designed so as not to be stressed only under compression, but so as to be able to also undergo a certain shear during their service.

Comme on a pu le voir sur les deux exemples de réalisa­tion illustrés l'endroit où sont disposés les éléments intermédiaires élastiques n'est pas le même dans les deux cas et donc la structure de l'unité de support du rail et celle du substrat peuvent varier de cas à cas. On pourrait d'ailleurs aussi prévoir l'utilisation du dispositif suivant l'invention pour la pose de rails sur traverses et/ou sur ballast.As we have seen in the two illustrated embodiments, the place where the elastic intermediate elements are arranged is not the same in both cases and therefore the structure of the rail support unit and that of the substrate can vary from case to case. One could also also provide for the use of the device according to the invention for laying rails on sleepers and / or on ballast.

On peut d'ailleurs prévoir dans une même construction une succession de plusieurs dispositifs suivant l'invention et donc par exemple que le ou les éléments de substrat d'un premier dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention soient à supporter sur un second substrat par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième dispositif de fixation suivant l'invention. On pourrait concevoir une telle construction par la combi­naison des deux exemples de réalisation illustrés. On pourrait par exemple imaginer que le radier 10 sur la figure 1 soit en fait la dalle flottante 28 de la figure 3.One can also provide in the same construction a succession of several devices according to the invention and therefore for example that the substrate element (s) of a first fixing device according to the invention are to be supported on a second substrate by the 'through a second fixing device according to the invention. One could conceive of such a construction by the combination of the two illustrated exemplary embodiments. One could for example imagine that the raft 10 in FIG. 1 is in fact the floating slab 28 in FIG. 3.

Tous les éléments de support élastiques peuvent bien entendu être des amortisseurs de n'importante quelle sorte et de n'importe quelle forme. On peut aussi imaginer toutes les combinaisons possibles de moyens de butée, de retenue et de guidage sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.All the elastic support elements can of course be shock absorbers of any kind and any shape. One can also imagine all the possible combinations of stop, retaining and guide means without departing from the scope of the invention.

Il faut aussi noter qu'en particulier la forme de réalisa­tion, illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2, est particulièrement avantageuse car elle permet d'envisager un placement peu coûteux du dispositif suivant l'invention sur des voies existantes. Par exemple, il suffit de considérer dans cet exemple que la plaque d'ancrage 11 est en fait une traverse classique et de fixer sur celle-ci des moyens de butée analogues aux barres 19 et 20, pour pouvoir placer des blocs élastiques 18 et des ressorts 26 entre la traverse et la plaque de fixation 2.It should also be noted that in particular the embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, is particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to envisage an inexpensive placement of the device according to the invention on existing tracks. For example, it suffices to consider in this example that the anchoring plate 11 is in fact a conventional cross-member and to fix on it abutment means similar to bars 19 and 20, in order to be able to place elastic blocks 18 and springs 26 between the cross member and the fixing plate 2.

Claims (19)

1. Procédé de fixation élastique de rail de voie ferrée, comprenant la fixation du rail de manière courante sur une unité de support, et l'intercalation d'au moins un élément intermédiaire élastique entre l'unité de support du rail et un substrat approprié quelconque, ce ou ces éléments intermédiaires possédant une élasticité déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire et une résistance appropriée à l'affaissement sous une charge déterminée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre l'intercalation, entre l'unité de support du rail et le substrat, d'au moins un deuxième élément intermédiaire élastique possédant une élasticité différente, appelée deuxième élasticité, qui est déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une deuxième charge déterminée, inférie à la première charge susdite, et en ce que, lorsque le rail est sous la première charge susdite, tous les éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont sollicités, tandis que, lorsque le rail est sous la deuxième charge susdite, seuls le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques sont sollicités.1. A method of elastic fixing of a rail track, comprising fixing the rail in a current manner on a support unit, and the intercalation of at least one elastic intermediate element between the support unit of the rail and a suitable substrate. any, this or these intermediate elements having a determined elasticity in order to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a determined load, characterized in that it further comprises the intercalation, between the support unit of the rail and the substrate, of at least one second elastic intermediate element having a different elasticity, called the second elasticity, which is determined to be able to have a good antivibration effect under a second determined load, inferior to the first said load, and in this that, when the rail is under the aforesaid first load, all the elastic intermediate elements are stressed, while, when the rail is so us the aforementioned second load, only the second elastic intermediate element (s) are stressed. 2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend ladite intercalation des premiers et deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires susdits entre l'unité de support du rail et un élément constitutif du substrat, un assemblage rigide temporaire entre l'unité de support du rail et cet élément constitutif du substrat, une fixation ultérieure de ce dernier au reste du substrat, et ensuite la suppression de l'assemblage rigide temporaire entre l'unité de support du rail et ledit élément constitutif du substrat, et en ce qu'il comprend éventuellement un transport du rail fixé sur l'unité de support assemblée temporairement à l'élément constitutif du substrat entre l'étape d'assemblage et l'étape de fixation ultérieure susdite.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises said intercalation of the first and second above-mentioned intermediate elements between the rail support unit and a constituent element of the substrate, a temporary rigid assembly between the support unit rail and this constituent element of the substrate, a subsequent fixing of the latter to the rest of the substrate, and then the removal of the temporary rigid assembly between the support unit of the rail and said constituent element of the substrate, and in that it optionally comprises a transport of the rail fixed to the support unit temporarily assembled to the constituent element of the substrate between the assembly step and the above-mentioned subsequent fixing step. 3. Dispositif de fixation élastique de rail (1) de voie ferrée, comprenant une unité de support (2, 28) sur laquelle le rail (1) est fixé de manière courante et au moins un élément intermédiaire élastique (18, 29) qui est intercalé entre l'unité de support (2, 28) du rail et un substrat approprié quelconque (10, 11, 28) et qui possède une élasticité déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivi­bratoire et une résistance appropriée à l'affaissement sous une charge déterminée, caractérisée en ce qu'il comprend en outre au moins un deuxième élément intermédiaire élastique (26, 30) intercalé entre l'unité de support (2, 28) du rail et le substrat (10, 11), ce ou ces deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires (26, 30) possédant une élasticité différente, appelée deuxième élasticité, qui est déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une deuxième charge déterminée, inférieure à la première charge susdite, et en ce que, lorsque le rail (1) est sous la première charge susdite, tous les éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) sont sollicités, tandis que, lorsque le rail (1) est sous la deuxième charge susdite, seuls le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (26, 30) sont sollicités.3. Elastic rail fastening device (1) for a railroad track, comprising a support unit (2, 28) on which the rail (1) is commonly fixed and at least one elastic intermediate element (18, 29) which is interposed between the support unit (2, 28) of the rail and any suitable substrate (10, 11, 28) and which has a given elasticity in order to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a determined load, characterized in that it also comprises at least one second elastic intermediate element (26, 30) interposed between the support (2, 28) of the rail and the substrate (10, 11), this or these second intermediate elements (26, 30) having a different elasticity, called second elasticity, which is determined to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect under a second determined load, lower than the first said load, and in that, when the rail (1) is under the first said load, all the elastic intermediate elements (18, 26; 29, 30) are stressed, while, when the rail (1) is under the above-mentioned second load, only the elastic second intermediate element (s) (26, 30) are stressed. 4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le ou les premiers éléments intermédiaires (18, 29) possèdent une élasticité présentant un bon effet antivibratoire sous une charge correspondant à celle du rail (1) lors du passage d'un véhicule sur lui et en ce que le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires (26, 30) possèdent une élasticité présentant un bon effet antivibratoire sous une charge correspondant à celle du rail (1) au repos.4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first intermediate element or elements (18, 29) have an elasticity having a good anti-vibration effect under a load corresponding to that of the rail (1) when a vehicle passes over it and in that the second intermediate element or elements (26, 30) have an elasticity having a good anti-vibration effect under a load corresponding to that of the rail (1) at rest. 5. Dispositif suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un ou plusieurs éléments intermédiaires élastiques supplémentaires possédant une élasticité déterminée pour pouvoir présenter un bon effet antivibratoire sous une ou plusieurs charges différentes des première et deuxième charges susdites, notamment sous des charges intermédiaires à ces dernières.5. Device according to either of Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that it further comprises one or more additional elastic intermediate elements having a determined elasticity in order to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect under one or more different loads first and second aforementioned charges, in particular under intermediate charges to the latter. 6. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le ou les premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 29) et le ou les deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (26, 30) sont intercalés entre l'unité de support (2, 28) du rail et le substrat (10, 11, 28) de manière à être sollicités uni­quement à la compression.6. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the first elastic intermediate element (s) (18, 29) and the second elastic intermediate element (s) (26, 30) are interposed between the unit of support (2, 28) of the rail and the substrate (10, 11, 28) so as to be stressed only during compression. 7. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de butée, de retenue ou de guidage (19-24, 27) des premiers et deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) qui empêchent entre eux et simultanément, d'une part, l'unité de support du rail (2, 28) et, d'autre part, le substrat (10, 11, 28), tout déplacement relatif suivant les directions longitudinale et transversale du rail (1).7. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it comprises stop means, retaining or guiding (19-24, 27) the first and second elastic intermediate elements (18, 26; 29, 30) which prevent between them and simultaneously, on the one hand, the rail support unit (2, 28 ) and, on the other hand, the substrate (10, 11, 28), any relative displacement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail (1). 8. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de retenue élastiques (31,32) empêchant entre l'unité de support du rail (2, 28) et le substrat (10, 11, 28) un déplacement relatif suivant une direction transversale au rail.8. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises elastic retaining means (31,32) preventing between the rail support unit (2, 28) and the substrate (10, 11, 28) a relative movement in a direction transverse to the rail. 9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de butée (19-25, 27, 43) empêchant tout déplacement relatif suivant une direction verticale entre l'unité de support (2, 28), les éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26) et le substrat (10, 11, 28), au-delà d'une valeur maximale admissible pour la sécurité.9. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises stop means (19-25, 27, 43) preventing any relative movement in a vertical direction between the support unit (2, 28), the elastic intermediate elements (18, 26) and the substrate (10, 11, 28), beyond a maximum admissible value for safety. 10. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de support du rail comprend un ou plusieurs éléments de support sur lesquels le rail est fixé de manière courante, et en particulier des selles ou plaques de fixation (2), des traverses, une dalle (28) ou des éléments analogues, ou encore des combinaisons de ceux-ci.10. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the rail support unit comprises one or more support elements on which the rail is commonly fixed, and in particular saddles or plates fastener (2), sleepers, slab (28) or the like, or combinations thereof. 11. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le substrat approprié quelconque est constitué d'un radier (10) ou sol stabilisé ou comprend un ou plusieurs éléments de substrat supportés sur ce radier ou sol d'une manière courante, et en particulier, selon la structure de l'unité de support du rail, des plaques d'ancrage (11), des traverses, une dalle (28) ou des éléments analogues, ou encore des combinaisons de ceux-ci.11. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that any suitable substrate consists of a raft (10) or stabilized soil or comprises one or more substrate elements supported on this raft or soil in a current manner, and in particular, depending on the structure of the rail support unit, anchor plates (11), sleepers, a slab (28) or the like, or combinations thereof. 12. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le ou les éléments de substrat (28) sont à leur tour supportés sur le sol stabilisé ou radier (10) par ou moins un dispositif supplé­mentaire de fixation élastique suivant l'invention.12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the substrate element (s) (28) are in turn supported on the stabilized ground or strike off (10) by at least one additional elastic fixing device according to the invention. 13. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les premiers et deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) sont des ressorts (26) et/ou des blocs (18, 29, 30) en matière élastique naturelle ou synthétique, armés ou non.13. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the first and second elements elastic intermediates (18, 26; 29, 30) are springs (26) and / or blocks (18, 29, 30) made of natural or synthetic elastic material, armed or not. 14. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les premiers ou respectivement deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) forment simulta­nément lesdits moyens de guidage et de retenue pour les deuxièmes ou respectivement premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques.14. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the first or respectively second elastic intermediate elements (18, 26; 29, 30) simultaneously form said guide and retaining means for the second or respectively first elastic intermediate elements. 15. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens s'opposant par frottement (21, 24) à un déplacement relatif suivant une direction verticale entre l'unité de support du rail (2, 28) et le ou les éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26).15. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 14, characterized in that it comprises means opposing by friction (21, 24) to a relative movement in a vertical direction between the rail support unit ( 2, 28) and the elastic intermediate element or elements (18, 26). 16. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, à titre de premiers éléments intermédiaires élastiques, deux blocs (18) en matière élastique interca­lés entre une plaque de fixation (2), sur laquelle le rail (1) est fixé par un crapaud rigide (3) ou une fixation élastique quelconque, et une plaque d'ancrage (11) scellée directement dans un radier (10), en ce que la plaque d'ancrage (11) présente à chacune de ses extrémités des butées (19, 20) empêchant un déplacement latéral ou longitudinal des blocs (18) introduits entre ces butées (19, 20), mais permettant une expansion des blocs sous charge, en ce que chaque bloc élastique (18) présente un premier trou (21) qui est situé en face d'un goujon de centrage (23) de la plaque de fixation (2) qui pénètre de façon ajustée dans ce trou (21), et en ce que les blocs élastiques (18) présentent en outre d'autres trous (27) dans lesquels sont logés, à titre de deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques, des ressorts hélicoïdaux (26) qui, lorques le rail (1) est au repos, sont légèrement plus hauts que les blocs en matière élastique (18).16. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that it comprises, as first elastic intermediate elements, two blocks (18) of elastic material interposed between a fixing plate (2), on which the rail (1) is fixed by a rigid clip (3) or any elastic fixing, and an anchor plate (11) sealed directly in a raft (10), in that the anchor plate (11) has at each of its ends stops (19, 20) preventing a lateral or longitudinal movement of the blocks (18) introduced between these stops (19, 20), but allowing expansion of the blocks under load, in that each elastic block (18 ) has a first hole (21) which is located opposite a centering pin (23) of the fixing plate (2) which fits snugly into this hole (21), and in that the elastic blocks ( 18) also have other holes (27) in which are housed, as second intermediate elements elastic, helical springs (26) which, when the rail (1) is at rest, are slightly higher than the blocks of elastic material (18). 17. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des premiers et deuxièmes éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) intercalés entre l'unité de support (2, 28) sur laquelle le rail (1) est fixé et un élément constitutif du substrat (10, 11, 28), et un moyen d'assemblage (44), détachable, reliant temporairement de manière rigide l'unité de support à l'élément constitutif du substrat, pendant que ce dernier n'est pas fixé au reste du substrat.17. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 14, characterized in that it comprises first and second elastic intermediate elements (18, 26; 29, 30) interposed between the support unit (2, 28) on which the rail (1) is fixed and a component of the substrate (10, 11, 28), and an assembly means (44), detachable, temporarily rigidly connecting the support unit to the constituent element of the substrate, while the latter is not fixed to the rest of the substrate. 18. Dispositif suivant la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que, tant que l'élément constitutif du substrat n'est pas fixé au reste du substrat, il forme avec le rail un objet aisément transpor­table.18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that, as long as the constituent element of the substrate is not fixed to the rest of the substrate, it forms with the rail an easily transportable object. 19. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les éléments intermédiaires élastiques (18, 26; 29, 30) intercalés entre l'unité de support (2, 28) et le substrat (10, 11, 28) réalisent une isolation électrique entre ceux-ci.19. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 18, characterized in that the elastic intermediate elements (18, 26; 29, 30) interposed between the support unit (2, 28) and the substrate (10, 11 , 28) provide electrical insulation therebetween.
EP19860202074 1985-12-16 1986-11-24 Method and device for resiliently fastening railway rails Expired EP0229409B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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BE0/216011A BE903862A (en) 1985-12-16 1985-12-16 Railway track elastic mounting - uses second intermediate component which is of different elasticity from first component

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BE0/216011A BE903862A (en) 1985-12-16 1985-12-16 Railway track elastic mounting - uses second intermediate component which is of different elasticity from first component
BE216011 1985-12-16

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DE3033607A1 (en) * 1980-09-06 1982-07-08 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg SOUND INSULATING RAIL PAD
DE3242915A1 (en) * 1982-11-20 1984-05-24 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastic rail support for rail vehicles
DE3406679A1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Flexible bearing for rails

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DE956687C (en) * 1954-09-14 1957-01-24 Deutsche Bundesbahn Elastic cushioning of the railway track on bridges, especially on steel railway bridges
FR2093805A5 (en) * 1970-05-28 1972-01-28 Akustikbyran Ab
DE2933541A1 (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-26 Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 50733 Köln Sound insulating railway rail mounting - has gas-tight cavity between slabs in mounting frame and substructure
DE3033607A1 (en) * 1980-09-06 1982-07-08 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg SOUND INSULATING RAIL PAD
DE3242915A1 (en) * 1982-11-20 1984-05-24 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastic rail support for rail vehicles
DE3406679A1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Flexible bearing for rails

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2677382A1 (en) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-11 Metram Method for fastening the rails of a tramway track with respect to the blocks or sleepers and track constructed by implementing this method
WO1994008093A1 (en) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-14 Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Bearing for a part of a railroad track
US5645216A (en) * 1992-10-01 1997-07-08 Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Bearing for a part of a railroad track
DE4441561A1 (en) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-30 Draebing Kg Wegu Sound absorbing bearing for rails
DE4441561C2 (en) * 1994-11-22 1999-03-25 Draebing Kg Wegu Sound-absorbing rail bearing
DE10331135B4 (en) * 2003-05-28 2014-12-31 Bwg Gmbh & Co. Kg Storage and mounting for a rail section and installation of a switch or the like
FR2993582A1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-24 Regie Autonome Transports Method for installing track in railway track network for e.g. underground railway train, involves installing slab on support elements by aligning slab in two directions such that slab is held on elements for passage of rail vehicle on rails
FR3048250A1 (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-01 Railtech Int ANCHOR ELEMENT AND RAILWAY TRAVERSE
CN111764200A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-10-13 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Shock attenuation formula railway rails
CN111764200B (en) * 2020-07-10 2021-03-23 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Shock attenuation formula railway rails

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DE3663274D1 (en) 1989-06-15

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