EP0226925B1 - Portioning device - Google Patents

Portioning device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226925B1
EP0226925B1 EP86117031A EP86117031A EP0226925B1 EP 0226925 B1 EP0226925 B1 EP 0226925B1 EP 86117031 A EP86117031 A EP 86117031A EP 86117031 A EP86117031 A EP 86117031A EP 0226925 B1 EP0226925 B1 EP 0226925B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
nozzle
machine according
knife
operating
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP86117031A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0226925A2 (en
EP0226925A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Ing. Schnell
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Karl Schnell GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
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Karl Schnell GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
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Publication of EP0226925A3 publication Critical patent/EP0226925A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/02—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting
    • B26D5/04—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portioning machine with a filling pump and at least one outlet nozzle connected thereto, along the mouth or mouths of which a knife can be moved in and out, the knife being able to be lifted from the nozzle mouth in its infeed end position and against the nozzle mouth before the cutting movement begins It can be reset by being mounted on a sliding member so as to be pivotable about an axis running in its longitudinal direction perpendicular to the infeed direction, and being connected to a pivoting drive, and being deliverable by means of a working cylinder of the sliding drive.
  • This portioning machine with filling pump has several outlet nozzles arranged in a row, through which the portionable mass exits.
  • the individual mass strands are sheared off simultaneously using the knife. Because this portioning machine is primarily intended to process dough, especially for pretzels, a number of pretzels corresponding to the number of outlet nozzles is produced, for example, with one working stroke of the knife.
  • the object of the invention is consequently seen in the further development of a portioning machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that the portions can be produced with reduced technical and thus also mechanical expenditure.
  • the portioning machine is designed in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 in accordance with the characterizing part of this claim.
  • This portioning machine also requires four movements for one work cycle, which correspond to those of the previously known portioning machine, but they can be produced with the machine according to the invention in a very simple manner and with only a single motor or working cylinder.
  • the cylinder of the swivel drive is also a cylinder of the knife displacement drive.
  • the axis of rotation of the swivel joint by means of which the working piston is connected to the plate, and that of the knife or a knife holder run parallel to one another.
  • the rotary movement of the knife and its infeed movement do not necessarily have to take place separately, rather they can be at least partially superimposed on one another.
  • the shifting movement may only begin when the knife has reached the nozzle mouth or its intended shifting plane and has not yet reached the mass strand.
  • the tab is extended beyond the swivel joint of the working piston and the extension piece carries a stop element which is displaceably and rotatably mounted in an elongated hole of a control member, because the elongated hole extends parallel to the working cylinder and to the longitudinal axis of the sliding member, one can under Utilizing the displacement movement of the working piston in a simple way to achieve a swinging away of the knife from the nozzle mouth.
  • a particular area of application of this portioning machine is the meat processing industry, where the meat and possibly also bones and the like are processed to a portionable mass by means of a suitable comminution machine. If this mass leaves the outlet nozzle without a sausage casing, it must be stiff enough that it does not fall apart under its own weight. As a rule, efforts are made or it is demanded that this mass strand be divided into sections or portions of equal size.
  • a special area of application is the production of so-called "Cevapcici”. It is precisely this product that requires sharp, blade-like knives and a high cutting speed so that the ends of the portions are not deformed and clean cutting surfaces are created. The distance from one working stroke to the next is expediently adjustable.
  • a further development of the invention provides that the knife can be adjusted by means of a preferably adjustable clock device, in particular electropneumatically. Electricity and compressed air are normally available in the area of such portioning machines. On the commonly used filling machines, a pulse for intermittent work can be easily removed, since it can also be used for twisting the sausages or attaching a clip - in the manufacture of sausages with sausage casing - needed. Because this portioning machine preferably enables portioning with a continuously driven metering pump, a single pulse is sufficient for the cutting. A second impulse for a break is therefore not necessary. Of course, the filling speed of the filling pump must be adapted to the emerging mass of the metering pump or pumps.
  • the electronic controls customary today make it possible without further ado to precisely coordinate the various devices and units and to precisely determine the pulse interval depending on the delivery rate of the metering pumps and the desired portion size.
  • the portion size corresponds to the set delivery rate of the filling pump between two pulses divided by this number of nozzles.
  • the pivot axes of the knife or knife holder and the tab on the working cylinder in the starting position of the knife are approximately in a common plane running perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the sliding member and the working member and the control member is in the starting position of the knife has a maximum distance from the end of the elongated hole serving as a stop and abuts the stop at the end of the cutting movement.
  • the stop element runs along the elongated hole and, seen in the feed direction, it arrives at its front or lower end when the cutting process has ended. This then stops the further feed movement not only of the stop element, but also of the working piston and the knife.
  • the working piston is displaced in the opposite direction, this causes a torque on the knife or a knife holder, which lifts the knife from the nozzle mouth, with a small pivoting movement about the pivot axis of the knife or of his knife holder takes place on the sliding link.
  • the cylinder of the working piston and the control member can be pivoted about parallel axes, which are also parallel to the pivot axis of the knife and the articulation axis of the plate or the like. In this way, the working cylinder and the control member can oscillate around their suspension axes to the extent necessary.
  • the knife is designed as a flat, in particular strip-like knife, the plane of which, when cutting, is inclined to the plane of the nozzle mouth or mouths. In this way, a particularly good, deformation-free or at least low-deformation cut is obtained.
  • This knife can also be used to cut two or more strands running side by side at the same time.
  • the geometric axis of the displacement member is expediently located approximately in the plane of the nozzle mouth or mouths. This means that the direction of displacement of the sliding member runs parallel to the plane of the nozzle mouth, while the plane of the knife includes a, preferably acute, angle with that of the nozzle mouth. This also contributes to the good work result and enables the mass to flow continuously even during the cutting process.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is that an imaginary plane through the geometric axes of the displacement member, the working piston and the control member approximately perpendicular to the plane of the nozzle mouth. runs. In this way, the knife can be moved back and forth on a circular path without tilting.
  • the plane of the nozzle mouth is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle or nozzles.
  • the inclination of the nozzle mouth is now selected so that when cutting, the plane of the knife, which, as already mentioned, is also inclined to the geometric axis of the displacement member, is approximately perpendicular to the geometric axis of the outlet nozzle.
  • the inclinations are chosen so that the knife moves both transversely to the mass strand and in its conveying direction when sliding along the oblique nozzle mouth.
  • nozzle is located at the outlet of a metering device, in particular a gear metering pump.
  • a gear metering pump This has a pair of gearwheels in a known manner and the mass to be conveyed is in the tooth gaps when the gearwheels are turned. The mass delivered per unit of time can be varied by changing the gear speed.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that mottled gear wheels are attached to a common drive shaft which listen to a gear metering pump set having a plurality of gear pumps arranged side by side, the outlet nozzles being arranged side by side and all having a common knife assigned to them.
  • the length of this knife is determined by the number of nozzles and its width in the cutting direction is essentially determined by the thickness of the nozzle mouth.
  • disk-like intermediate pieces which define the distance between the nozzles or nozzle orifices and, if appropriate, also simultaneously seal the pressure sides of the individual metering pumps from one another.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the inlets of the gear metering pumps are connected to one another via a cross distributor, the inlet connection or the like of which is connected in terms of flow to the filling pump, so that the medium can be supplied to all metering pumps via a single filling pump.
  • a further preferred variant of the invention is characterized by a transport member for the cut-off portions which can be moved past below the nozzle orifice. It must be arranged, in particular in terms of height, so that on the one hand the portions are not deformed when placed on it and on the other hand the escape of the mass strand and the cutting off by the transport member are not impaired.
  • the transport member is designed in a particularly advantageous manner as a web that can be unwound from a roll, in particular made of paper. This paper web can then later be divided into transportable or dispatchable units with the portions lying thereon.
  • the web of paper or the like is supported in a further embodiment of the invention on an endless conveyor belt, which is expediently adjustable in height, thereby adapting the height to the nozzle mouths and with an inclined course of the conveyor belt plane to the imaginary plane through the geometric axes of the sausage-shaped portions to allow the portion length in a certain order of magnitude.
  • the filling material to be divided into portions is introduced into the funnel 1 of the device 2.
  • the device 2 contains at least one filling pump 3.
  • at least one comminution device can also be installed in the device 2, which comminutes the material introduced into the hopper 1 to the desired degree of fineness, if necessary.
  • the material conveyed by the filling pump 3 reaches a gear metering pump set 6.
  • This is preceded by a transverse distributor 7, the connecting flange 8 of which is tightly connected to the connecting line 5.
  • Each gear metering pump of the metering pump set 6 has an outlet nozzle 9. In FIG. 2 nine such nozzles are shown.
  • the metering pump set consists of fourteen metering pumps 10.
  • metering pumps 10 can vary within further limits.
  • the smallest unit has only a single metering pump, the inlet of which is then connected directly to the connecting line 5. 3 that 10 disk-like intermediate pieces 11 of different thickness can be inserted between the individual metering pumps. These not only determine the lateral distance between the individual outlet nozzles 8, but can also serve as part of the pump housing.
  • each nozzle mouth 12 is cut or sheared at a predetermined time with the aid of a resettable and resettable knife 13, as a result of which the strand emerging from the nozzle, for example from stiff sausage or meat sausage meat, is divided into individual, more or less short or long portions is divided.
  • the knife thickness is comparatively small and its width is set according to the diameter of the nozzle mouth.
  • the length of the knife depends on the width of the gear metering pump set 6 in the direction of the geometric axis 14 of the drive shaft 15, for example for all upper gear wheels 16 measured. In the latter case, the driving wheel is designated 16 and the driven wheel 17.
  • the operation of such gear metering pumps is known and therefore does not need to be explained in more detail.
  • the good is over the tooth gaps 18. 19 promoted to the outlet nozzle 9. Accordingly, all emerging mass strands are cut through with a single knife stroke.
  • the knife 13 can be set in the direction of the arrow 20 and can be reset in the opposite direction. During cutting, it slides along the nozzle mouth 12, the strands being sheared off at high speed. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • the knife 13 is pivotally mounted on a sliding member 22 about an axis 21 extending in its longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the feed direction 20 and is connected to a pivot drive 23.
  • the exemplary embodiment also provides a knife holder 24, on which the knife, in particular replaceable, is held. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment, the knife is indirectly pivotable on the slide via the knife holder 24 member 22 stored.
  • the swivel drive 23 has a, in particular pneumatic, working cylinder 25. In an advantageous manner, this is also a knife displacement drive.
  • the working direction of the working piston 26 of this working cylinder 25 runs parallel to the working direction of the displacement member or its guide bearing 27.
  • the working piston 26 is coupled to a tab 29 of the knife holder 24 via a swivel joint 28. This tab is extended beyond the swivel joint 28, the extension piece 30 carrying a stop element 31, for example a bolt-shaped one.
  • the stop element 31 engages in an elongated hole 32 of a control member 33 and is displaceable therein in the direction of the double arrow 34 and rotatable about its axis.
  • the elongated hole and in particular also the entire control member 33 extend parallel to the working cylinder 25 or displacement member 22, i.e. the geometrical axes of these three elements run parallel and preferably in a common plane. This is otherwise perpendicular to a plane placed by the knife 13 and all nozzle openings.
  • the axis 21 and the axis of the swivel joint 28 lie on a common imaginary axis that is laid to the geometric axes of the working cylinder and the displacement member Level, while due to the inclination of the tab 29 with its extension piece 30, the stop element 31 is removed from this imaginary plane and in the direction of the articulation axis 35 of the control member 33 on a beam 37.
  • the working piston is also limited by an axis 36 Entirely pivoted.
  • the lower end of the elongated hole 32 in the drawing forms a stop 38 for the stop element 31. It follows that the stop element 31 is at its greatest distance from the stop 38 in the starting position of the knife 13, that is to say in the retracted end position of the working piston 26. Starting from the upper end position shown in FIG. 4 in the direction of arrow 39, the knife 13 can be pivoted about the axis 23 towards the nozzle mouth 12. This takes place automatically with the aid of the swivel drive 23 or more precisely the feed movement of the working piston 26.
  • the working piston 26 of the swivel drive 23, which is also a knife drive, is extended further, this leads to the shearing off of the emerging strand and to the formation of a portion 43 or, in the case of several nozzles, to a corresponding number of portions.
  • the stop element 31 lies against the stop 38.
  • the extension piece 30 is pivoted clockwise around the stop element 31. This leads to the lifting of the knife 1, 3 from the nozzle orifice 12.
  • the portion 43 or the portion group is placed on a transport member 45 that can be moved past beneath the nozzle orifices 12. This is preferably a web 47 that can be unwound from a roll 46, in particular a paper web.
  • the portion of the transport member 45 to be covered with the portions 43 rests on the upper run of an endless conveyor belt 48.
  • the height 49 of the conveyor belt 48 and in particular its upper run 50 can be set within predetermined limits. 1 that both the device 2 and the associated device 51 with the gear metering pump set 6 and the cutting device can be moved.
  • a braking or locking device 52 ensures that the correct alignment with respect to the conveyor belt 48 is maintained.
  • controller 53 By means of a controller 53, the conveyance of the goods to be divided into portions and the feed movement of the cutting knife 13 are controlled so that the filling pump 3 can work continuously and the gearwheel -Dosing pump set 6 the correct amount is supplied, the cutting process should take place so that the resulting rear and front ends of the portions and the portions themselves are not deformed. If necessary, the controller 53 also serves other purposes, for example the correct functioning of a comminution device of the device 2.
  • the portion size can be set on the controller 53. It is dependent on the flow rate, for example in the connecting line 5, and the time interval between two working movements of the cutting knife 13.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Portioniermaschine mit einer Füllpumpe und mindestens einer damit verbundenen Auslaßdüse, entlang deren Mündung bzw. Mündungen ein Messer zu-und rückstellbar ist, wobei das Messer in seiner Zustellendlage von der Düsenmündung abhebbar und vor Beginn der Schneidbewegung gegen die Düsenmündung hin rückstellbar ist, indem es um eine in seiner Längsrichtung senkrecht zur Zustellrichtung verlaufenden Achse schwenkbar an einem Verschiebeglied gelagert und mit einem Schwenkantrieb verbunden sowie mittels eines Arbeitszylinders des Verschiebeantriebs zustellbar ist. Eine derartige Konstruktion ist durch die US-A-3 782 876 bekannt geworden. Diese Portioniermaschine mit Füllpumpe hat mehrere in Reihe nebeneinander angeordnete Auslaßdüsen, über welche die portionierfähige Masse austritt. Die einzelnen Massestränge werden mit Hilfe des Messers gleichzeitig abgeschert. Weil mit dieser Portioniermaschine hauptsächlich Teig, insbesondere für Brezeln, verarbeitet werden soll, entstehen beispielsweise mit einem Arbeitshub des Messers eine der Auslaßdüsenzahl entsprechende Anzahl von Brezeln.The invention relates to a portioning machine with a filling pump and at least one outlet nozzle connected thereto, along the mouth or mouths of which a knife can be moved in and out, the knife being able to be lifted from the nozzle mouth in its infeed end position and against the nozzle mouth before the cutting movement begins It can be reset by being mounted on a sliding member so as to be pivotable about an axis running in its longitudinal direction perpendicular to the infeed direction, and being connected to a pivoting drive, and being deliverable by means of a working cylinder of the sliding drive. Such a construction is known from US-A-3 782 876. This portioning machine with filling pump has several outlet nozzles arranged in a row, through which the portionable mass exits. The individual mass strands are sheared off simultaneously using the knife. Because this portioning machine is primarily intended to process dough, especially for pretzels, a number of pretzels corresponding to the number of outlet nozzles is produced, for example, with one working stroke of the knife.

Für die zu einem vollständigen Arbeitsspiel gehörenden zwei Bewegungen sind bei dieser Portioniermaschine zwei Antriebseinrichtungen erforderlich, deren Bewegungen hinsichtlich ihres zeitlichen Ablaufs genau aufeinander abgestimmt werden müssen. Es ist einleuchtend, daß dies nur mit einer entsprechend aufwendigen Steuerung geht.For the two movements belonging to a complete work cycle, two portioning devices are required in this portioning machine, the movements of which must be precisely coordinated with respect to their timing. It is obvious that this can only be done with a correspondingly complex control.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird infolgedessen darin gesehen, eine Portioniermaschine der eingangs beschriebenen Art so weiterzubilden, daß die Portionen mit einem verringerten technischen und damit auch maschinenmäßigen Aufwand hergestellt werden können.The object of the invention is consequently seen in the further development of a portioning machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that the portions can be produced with reduced technical and thus also mechanical expenditure.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß die Portioniermaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entsprechend dem kennzeichnenden Teil dieses Anspruchs ausgebildet ist. Auch bei dieser Portioniermaschine sind für ein Arbeitsspiel vier Bewegungen erforderlich, welche denjenigen der vorbekannten Portioniermaschine entsprechen, jedoch können sie mit der erfindungsgemäßen Maschine auf recht einfache Weise und mit lediglich einem einzigen Motor bzw. Arbeitszylinder erzeugt werden. Man erreicht dies vor allen Dingen aufgrund einer vereinfachten, aber doch sehr sinnvollen Ausbildung des Messerantriebs. Besondere Bedeutung kommt der Tatsache zu, daß Arbeitszylinder des Schwenkantriebs zugleich ein Arbeitzylinder des Messer-Verschiebeantriebs ist.To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that the portioning machine is designed in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 in accordance with the characterizing part of this claim. This portioning machine also requires four movements for one work cycle, which correspond to those of the previously known portioning machine, but they can be produced with the machine according to the invention in a very simple manner and with only a single motor or working cylinder. This is achieved primarily due to a simplified, but very useful design of the knife drive. Of particular importance is the fact that the cylinder of the swivel drive is also a cylinder of the knife displacement drive.

Durch das Abheben des beim Schneiden entlang der Düsenmündung bewegbaren Messers am Ende des Schneidvorgangs, kann man mit einem kontinuierlich austretenden Massestrang arbeiten, ohne Verformung der beim Abschneiden gebildeten Portionsenden in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Der abgetrennten Portion wird zugleich mit dem Abschneiden auch noch ein Impuls in Abtransportrichtung vermittelt. Die Messersteuerung ermöglicht nicht nur das Abheben nach dem Abschneidevorgang, sondern auch das rechtzeitige Annähern an die Düsenmündung, um beim nächsten Arbeitshub an letzterer unmittelbar entlanggleiten zu können. Die richtige Bewegung zur richtigen Zeit erreicht man trotz Verwendung lediglich eines einzigen Zylinders, und zwar aufgrund der besonderen Kinematik des Messerantriebs dieser Portioniermaschine.By lifting the knife that can be moved along the nozzle mouth when cutting, at the end of the cutting process, one can work with a continuously escaping mass strand without having to accept deformation of the portion ends formed during cutting. The cut portion is also given an impulse in the direction of removal when it is cut off. The knife control not only enables lifting after the cutting process, but also timely approach to the nozzle mouth so that it can slide along the latter immediately during the next working stroke. The right movement at the right time can be achieved despite using only a single cylinder, due to the special kinematics of the knife drive of this portioning machine.

Die Drehachse des Drehgelenks, mittels welcher der Arbeitskolben mit der Lasche verbunden ist, und diejenige des Messers oder eines Messerhalters verlaufen parallel zueinander. Die Drehbewegung des Messers und seine Zustellbewegung müssen nicht notwendigerweise getrennt ablaufen, vielmehr können sie zumindest teilweise einander überlagert sein. Andererseits darf aber die Verschiebebewegung erst dann beginnen, wenn das Messer an der Düsenmündung oder seiner vorgesehenen Verschiebeebene angekommen ist und dabei den Massestrang noch nicht erreicht hat. Dadurch, daß die Lasche über das Drehgelenk des Arbeitskolbens hinaus verlängert ist und das Verlängerungsstück ein Anschlagelement trägt, das in einem Langloch eines Steuerglieds verschieb- und drehbar gelagert ist, weil sich das Langloch parallel zum Arbeitszylinder und zur Längsachse des Verschiebeglieds erstreckt, kann man unter Ausnutzung der Verschiebebewegung des Arbeitskolbens auf einfache Art und Weise ein Wegschwenken des Messers von der Düsenmündung erreichen.The axis of rotation of the swivel joint, by means of which the working piston is connected to the plate, and that of the knife or a knife holder run parallel to one another. The rotary movement of the knife and its infeed movement do not necessarily have to take place separately, rather they can be at least partially superimposed on one another. On the other hand, however, the shifting movement may only begin when the knife has reached the nozzle mouth or its intended shifting plane and has not yet reached the mass strand. Characterized in that the tab is extended beyond the swivel joint of the working piston and the extension piece carries a stop element which is displaceably and rotatably mounted in an elongated hole of a control member, because the elongated hole extends parallel to the working cylinder and to the longitudinal axis of the sliding member, one can under Utilizing the displacement movement of the working piston in a simple way to achieve a swinging away of the knife from the nozzle mouth.

Ein besonderes Anwendungsgebiet dieser Portioniermaschine ist die fleischverarbeitende Industrie, wo das Fleisch und ggf. auch Knochen und dgl. mittels einer geeigneten Zerkleinerungsmaschine zu einer portionierfähigen Masse verarbeitet wird. Wenn diese Masse die Auslaßdüse ohne Wursthülle verläßt, so muß sie steif genug sein, damit sie nicht unter dem Eigengewicht auseinanderfällt. In der Regel ist man bestrebt oder wird es verlangt, daß dieser Massestrang in lauter gleich große Teilstücke oder Portionen unterteilt wird. Ein spezielles Anwendungsgebiet ist die Herstellung sogenannter "Cevapcici". Gerade dieses Gut verlangt scharfe klingenartige Messer und eine hoher Schnittgeschwindigkeit, damit die Enden der Portionen nicht verformt werden und saubere Schnittflächen entstehen. Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Abstand von einem Arbeitshub zum nächsten einstellbar.A particular area of application of this portioning machine is the meat processing industry, where the meat and possibly also bones and the like are processed to a portionable mass by means of a suitable comminution machine. If this mass leaves the outlet nozzle without a sausage casing, it must be stiff enough that it does not fall apart under its own weight. As a rule, efforts are made or it is demanded that this mass strand be divided into sections or portions of equal size. A special area of application is the production of so-called "Cevapcici". It is precisely this product that requires sharp, blade-like knives and a high cutting speed so that the ends of the portions are not deformed and clean cutting surfaces are created. The distance from one working stroke to the next is expediently adjustable.

Ein Weiterbildung der Erindung sieht vor, daß das Messer mittels einer, vorzugsweise einstellbaren, Takteinrichtung, insbesondere elektropneumatisch, zustellbar ist. Strom und Druckluft stehen im Bereich solcher Portioniermaschinen normaleweise zur Verfügung. An den üblicherweise verwendteten Füllmaschinen ist ein Impuls für das taktweise Arbeiten ohne weiteres abnehmbar, da man ihn beispielsweise dort auch für das Abdrehen der Würste odert das Anbringen eines Clips - bei der Herstellung von Würsten mit Wursthülle - benötigt. Weil bei dieser Portioniermaschine in bevorzugter Weise ein Portionieren mit kontinuierlich angetriebener Dosierpumpe möglich ist, reicht ein einziger Impuls für das Schneiden aus. Es entfällt dadurch ein zweiter Impuls für eine Pause. Selbstverständlich muß die Füllgeschwindigkeit der Füllpumpe an die austretenden Masse der Dosierpumpe oder -pumpen angepaßt werden. Die heute üblichen elektronischen Steuerungen ermöglichen es ohne weiteres, die verschiedenen Vorrichtungen und Aggregate genau aufeinander abzustimmen und den Impulsabstand in Abhängigkeit von der Fördermenge der Dosierpumpen und der gewünschten Portionsgröße genau festzulegen. Insbesondere ist es möglich, an der Füllpumpe ein bestimmtes Gewicht oder eine bestimmte Fördermenge vorzuwählen. Bei Verwendung von beispielsweise fünfzehn Düsen entspricht dann die Portionsgröße der eingestellten Fördermenge der Füllpumpe zwischen zwei Impulsen geteilt durch diese Anzahl der Düsen.A further development of the invention provides that the knife can be adjusted by means of a preferably adjustable clock device, in particular electropneumatically. Electricity and compressed air are normally available in the area of such portioning machines. On the commonly used filling machines, a pulse for intermittent work can be easily removed, since it can also be used for twisting the sausages or attaching a clip - in the manufacture of sausages with sausage casing - needed. Because this portioning machine preferably enables portioning with a continuously driven metering pump, a single pulse is sufficient for the cutting. A second impulse for a break is therefore not necessary. Of course, the filling speed of the filling pump must be adapted to the emerging mass of the metering pump or pumps. The electronic controls customary today make it possible without further ado to precisely coordinate the various devices and units and to precisely determine the pulse interval depending on the delivery rate of the metering pumps and the desired portion size. In particular, it is possible to preselect a specific weight or a specific delivery rate on the filling pump. When using, for example, fifteen nozzles, the portion size corresponds to the set delivery rate of the filling pump between two pulses divided by this number of nozzles.

Des weiteren ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn sich die Schwenkachsen des Messers oder Messerhalters und der Lasche am Arbeitszylinder in der Ausgangsstellung des Messer etwa in einer gemeinsamen, senkrecht zu den Längsachsen des Verschiebeglieds und des Arbeitsglieds verlaufenden Ebenen befinden und das Steuerglied in der Ausgangslage des Messers von dem als Anschlag dienenden Ende des Langloches einen Maximalabstand aufweist sowie am Ende der Schneidbewegung am Anschlag anliegt. Während des Schneidvorgangs läuft das Anschlagelement entlang dem Langloch und es kommt in Vorschubrichtung gesehen an dessen vorderem oder unterem Ende dann an, wenn der Schneidvorgang beendet ist. Damit wird dann die weitere Vorschubbewegung nicht nur des Anschlagelements, sondern auch des Arbeitskolbens und des Messers beendigt. Wenn daraufhin, beispielsweise durch Druckumsteuerung und Verwendung eines doppelt wirkenden Arbeitszylinders, der Arbeitskolben in Gegenrichtung verschoben wird, so bewirkt dies ein Drehmoment am Messer oder einem Messerhalter, welcher das Messer von der Düsenmündung abhebt, wobei eine kleine Schwenkbewegung um die Schwenkachse des Messers bzw. seines Messerhalters am Verschiebeglied stattfindet.Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the pivot axes of the knife or knife holder and the tab on the working cylinder in the starting position of the knife are approximately in a common plane running perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the sliding member and the working member and the control member is in the starting position of the knife has a maximum distance from the end of the elongated hole serving as a stop and abuts the stop at the end of the cutting movement. During the cutting process, the stop element runs along the elongated hole and, seen in the feed direction, it arrives at its front or lower end when the cutting process has ended. This then stops the further feed movement not only of the stop element, but also of the working piston and the knife. If thereupon, for example by pressure reversal and use of a double-acting working cylinder, the working piston is displaced in the opposite direction, this causes a torque on the knife or a knife holder, which lifts the knife from the nozzle mouth, with a small pivoting movement about the pivot axis of the knife or of his knife holder takes place on the sliding link.

Um sowohl für die Drehgelenke als auch die Schiebeführung des Anschlagelements möglichst enge Toleranzen verwenden zu können, ist es von besonderem Vorteil, daß der Zylinder des Arbeitskolbens und das Steuerglied um parallele Achsen verschwenkbar sind, die auch parallel zu Schwenkachse des Messers und der Anlenkachse der Lasche od. dgl. verlaufen. Der Arbeitszylinder und das Steuerglied können auf diese Weise um ihre Aufhängeachsen im notwendigen Umfange pendeln.In order to be able to use the tightest possible tolerances for both the swivel joints and the sliding guide of the stop element, it is particularly advantageous that the cylinder of the working piston and the control member can be pivoted about parallel axes, which are also parallel to the pivot axis of the knife and the articulation axis of the plate or the like. In this way, the working cylinder and the control member can oscillate around their suspension axes to the extent necessary.

Das Messer ist in Weiterbildung der Erfindung als flaches, insbesondere leistenartiges Messer ausgebildet, dessen Ebene beim Schneiden geneigt zur Ebene der Düsdenmündung bzw. -mündungen verläuft. Man erhält auf diese Weise einen besonders guten, verformungsfreien oder zumindest verformungsarmen Schnitt. Außerdem können mit diesem Messer auch zwei oder mehrere nebeneinander ablaufende Stränge gleichzeitig abgeschnitten werden.In a development of the invention, the knife is designed as a flat, in particular strip-like knife, the plane of which, when cutting, is inclined to the plane of the nozzle mouth or mouths. In this way, a particularly good, deformation-free or at least low-deformation cut is obtained. This knife can also be used to cut two or more strands running side by side at the same time.

Die geometrische Achse des Verschiebeglieds ist zweckmäßigerweise etwa in der Ebene der Düsenmündung bzw. -mündungen gelegen. Dies bedeutet, daß die Verschieberichtung des Verschiebeglieds parallel zur Ebene der Düsenmündung verläuft, während die Ebene des Messers mit derjenigen der Düsenmündung einen, vorzugsweise spitzen Winkel einschließt. Auch dies trägt zum guten Arbeitsergebnis bei und ermöglicht das kontinuierliche Ausströmen der Masse auch während des Schneidvorgangs.The geometric axis of the displacement member is expediently located approximately in the plane of the nozzle mouth or mouths. This means that the direction of displacement of the sliding member runs parallel to the plane of the nozzle mouth, while the plane of the knife includes a, preferably acute, angle with that of the nozzle mouth. This also contributes to the good work result and enables the mass to flow continuously even during the cutting process.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß eine gedachte Ebene durch die geometrischen Achsen des Verschiebeglieds, des Arbeitskolbens und des Steuerglieds etwa senkrecht zur Ebene der Düsenmündung. verläuft. Auf diese Weise kann das Messer verkantungsfrei auf einer Kreisbahn zu- und zurückgestellt werden.Another embodiment of the invention is that an imaginary plane through the geometric axes of the displacement member, the working piston and the control member approximately perpendicular to the plane of the nozzle mouth. runs. In this way, the knife can be moved back and forth on a circular path without tilting.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung verläuft die Ebene der Düsenmündung geneigt zur Längsachse der Düse oder Düsen. Das bedeutet, daß die Längsachse der Düse oder Düsen auch geneigt zu den geometrischen Achsen von Verschiebeglied, Arbeitszylinder und Steuerglied angeordnet ist. Die Neigung der Düsenmündung ist nun so gewählt, daß beim Abschneiden die Ebene des Messers, das, ja, wie gesagt, auch geneigt zur geometrischen Achse des Verschiebeglieds angeordnet ist, etwa senkrecht zur geometrischen Achse der Auslaßdüse steht. Des weiteren sind die Neigungen so gewählt, daß sich das Messer beim Gleiten entlang der schrägen Düsenmündung sowohl quer zum Massestrang als auch in dessen Förderrichtung bewegt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plane of the nozzle mouth is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle or nozzles. This means that the longitudinal axis of the nozzle or nozzles is also inclined to the geometric axes of the displacement member, working cylinder and control member. The inclination of the nozzle mouth is now selected so that when cutting, the plane of the knife, which, as already mentioned, is also inclined to the geometric axis of the displacement member, is approximately perpendicular to the geometric axis of the outlet nozzle. Furthermore, the inclinations are chosen so that the knife moves both transversely to the mass strand and in its conveying direction when sliding along the oblique nozzle mouth.

Eine weitere Variante der Erfindung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß sich die Düse am Auslaß einer Dosiervorrichtung, insbesondere einer Zahnrad-Dosierpumpe befindet. Diese besitzt in bekannter Weise ein Zahnradpaar und die zu fördernde Masse befindet sich beim Drehen der Zahnräder in den Zahnlücken. Durch Veränderung der Zahnraddrehzahl kann man die pro Zeiteinheit geförderte Masse variieren.Another variant of the invention is characterized in that the nozzle is located at the outlet of a metering device, in particular a gear metering pump. This has a pair of gearwheels in a known manner and the mass to be conveyed is in the tooth gaps when the gearwheels are turned. The mass delivered per unit of time can be varied by changing the gear speed.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf einer gemeinsamen Antriebswelle melirere Zähnräder befestigt sind, die einem mehrere nebeneinander angeordnete Zahnradpumpen aufweisenden Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatz ange hören, wobei die Auslaßdüsen in Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet sind und allen ein gemeinsames Messer zugeordnet ist. Die Länge dieses Messers bestimmt sich nach der Zahl der Düsen und seine Breite in Schneidrichtung gesehen wird im wesentlichen durch die Stärke der Düsenmündung festgelegt. Dadurch, daß alle treibenden Zahnräder der nebeneinander angeordneten Dosier-Zahnradpumpen auf einer gemeinsamen Antriebswelle sitzen und damit von einem gemeinsamen, insbesondere elektrischen, Motor angetrieben werden, tritt bei gleicher Düsendimensionierung aus jeder Düse ein gleich starker Massestrang gleich schnell aus. Mit jedem Messerhub entsteht damit eine der Dosierpumpenzahl entsprechende Portionszahl.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that mottled gear wheels are attached to a common drive shaft which listen to a gear metering pump set having a plurality of gear pumps arranged side by side, the outlet nozzles being arranged side by side and all having a common knife assigned to them. The length of this knife is determined by the number of nozzles and its width in the cutting direction is essentially determined by the thickness of the nozzle mouth. Characterized in that all driving gear wheels of the metering gear pumps arranged side by side on a common Sitting drive shaft and thus driven by a common, in particular electrical, motor, with the same nozzle dimensions, an equally strong mass strand emerges at the same speed from each nozzle. With each knife stroke, a portion number corresponding to the number of dosing pumps is created.

Zwischen den einzelnen Pumpen des Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatzes befinden sich, insbesondere im Auslaßbereich, scheibenartige Zwischenstücke, welche den Abstand der Düsen bzw. Düsenmündungen festlegen, und gegebenenfalls gleichzeitig auch die Druckseiten der einzelnen Dosierpumpen gegeneinander abdichten.Between the individual pumps of the gear metering pump set there are, in particular in the outlet area, disk-like intermediate pieces which define the distance between the nozzles or nozzle orifices and, if appropriate, also simultaneously seal the pressure sides of the individual metering pumps from one another.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß die Einlässe der Zahnrad-Dosierpumpen über einen Querverteiler miteinander verbunden sind, dessen Einlaßstutzen od. dgl. mit der Füllpumpe strömungsmäßig verbunden ist, so daß das Medium allen Dosierpumpen über eine einzige Füllpumpe zugeführt werden kann.A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the inlets of the gear metering pumps are connected to one another via a cross distributor, the inlet connection or the like of which is connected in terms of flow to the filling pump, so that the medium can be supplied to all metering pumps via a single filling pump.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Variante der Erfindung ist durch ein unterhalb der oder den Düsenmündungen vorbeibewegbares Transportglied für die abgeschnittenen Portionen gekennzeichnet. Es muß so angeordnet, insbesondere in der Höhe so plaziert werden, daß einerseits die Portionen beim Ablegen darauf nicht verformt werden und andererseits das Austreten des Massestrangs und das Abschneiden durch das Transportglied nicht beeinträchtigt wird.A further preferred variant of the invention is characterized by a transport member for the cut-off portions which can be moved past below the nozzle orifice. It must be arranged, in particular in terms of height, so that on the one hand the portions are not deformed when placed on it and on the other hand the escape of the mass strand and the cutting off by the transport member are not impaired.

Das Transportglied ist in besonders vorteilhafter Weise als von einer Role abwickelbare Bahn, insbesondere aus Papier, ausgebildet. Diese Papierbahn kann dann später mit den daraufliegenden Portionen in transport- oder versandfähige Einheiten unterteilt werden. Die Bahn aus Papier od. dgl. ist in weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung auf einem endlosen Förderband abgestützt, das zweckmäßigerweise höheneinstellbar ist, um dadurch eine Höhenanpassung an die Düsenmündungen und bei geneigtem Verlauf der Förderbandebene zur gedachten Ebene durch die geometrischen Achsen der wurstförmigen Portionen eine Variation der Portionslänge in einer betimmten Größenordnung zu ermöglichen.The transport member is designed in a particularly advantageous manner as a web that can be unwound from a roll, in particular made of paper. This paper web can then later be divided into transportable or dispatchable units with the portions lying thereon. The web of paper or the like is supported in a further embodiment of the invention on an endless conveyor belt, which is expediently adjustable in height, thereby adapting the height to the nozzle mouths and with an inclined course of the conveyor belt plane to the imaginary plane through the geometric axes of the sausage-shaped portions to allow the portion length in a certain order of magnitude.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.

Die Zeichnung zeig ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Hierbei stellen dar:

  • Fig. 1 Eine Seitenansicht der Maschine,
  • Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht der Maschine in Pfeilrichtung A der Fig. 1 gesehen,
  • Fig. 3 eine abgebrochene Draufsicht im Bereich des Dosierpumpensatzes, teilweise geschnitten,
  • Fign. 4 bis 7 in etwas schematisierter Darstellung vier verschiedene Phasen der Portionsbildung.
The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention. Here represent:
  • 1 is a side view of the machine,
  • 2 is a front view of the machine in the direction of arrow A of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a broken top view in the area of the metering pump set, partly in section,
  • Fig. 4 to 7 in a somewhat schematic representation four different phases of portion formation.

In den Trichter 1 der Vorrichtung 2 wird das in Portionen zu unterteilende Füllgut eingebracht. Di Vorrichtung 2 enthält zumindest eine Füllpumpe 3. Darüber hinaus kann in die Vorrichtung 2 auch noch wenigstens eine Zerkleinerungseinrichtung eingebaut sein, welche das in den Trichter 1 eingebrachte Gut gegebenenfalls auf den gewünschten Feinheitsgrad zerkleinert. Über den Aulaß 4 und eine Verbindungsleitung 5 gelangt das von der Füllpumpe 3 geförderte Gut zu einem Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatz 6. Diesem ist ein Querverteiler 7 vorgeschaltet, dessen Anschlußflansch 8 mit der Verbindungsleitung 5 dicht verbunden ist. Jede Zahnrad-Dosierpumpe des Dosierpumpensatzes 6 besitzt eine Auslaßdüse 9. In Fig. 2 sind neun derartige Düsen eingezeichnet. Gemäß Fig. 3 besteht der Dosierpumpensatz aus vierzehn Dosierpumpen 10. Damit soll zum Ausdruck gebracht werden, daß die Zahl der Dosierpumpen 10 innerhalb weitere Grenzen variieren kann. Die kleinste Einheit weist lediglich eine einzige Dosierpumpe auf, deren Einlaß dann unmittelbar an die Verbindungsleitung 5 angeschlossen wird. Des weiteren ergibt sich aus Fig. 3, daß zwischen den einzelnen Dosierpumpen 10 scheibenartige Zwischenstücke 11 unterschiedlicher Dicke eingesetzt sein können. Diese legen nicht nur den Seitenabstand der einzelnen Auslaßdüsen 8 fest, sondern können auch als Teil des Pumpengehäuses dienen.The filling material to be divided into portions is introduced into the funnel 1 of the device 2. The device 2 contains at least one filling pump 3. In addition, at least one comminution device can also be installed in the device 2, which comminutes the material introduced into the hopper 1 to the desired degree of fineness, if necessary. Via the outlet 4 and a connecting line 5, the material conveyed by the filling pump 3 reaches a gear metering pump set 6. This is preceded by a transverse distributor 7, the connecting flange 8 of which is tightly connected to the connecting line 5. Each gear metering pump of the metering pump set 6 has an outlet nozzle 9. In FIG. 2 nine such nozzles are shown. According to FIG. 3, the metering pump set consists of fourteen metering pumps 10. This is to express that the number of metering pumps 10 can vary within further limits. The smallest unit has only a single metering pump, the inlet of which is then connected directly to the connecting line 5. 3 that 10 disk-like intermediate pieces 11 of different thickness can be inserted between the individual metering pumps. These not only determine the lateral distance between the individual outlet nozzles 8, but can also serve as part of the pump housing.

Das aus jeder Düsenmündung 12 austretende Gut wird mit Hilfe eines zu- und rückstellbaren Messers 13 zur vorbestimmten Zeit abgeschnitten oder abgeschert, wodurch der aus der Düse austretende Strang, beispielsweise aus steifem Wurst- oder Fleischbrät, in einzelne mehr oder weniger kurze bzw. lange Portionen unterteilt wird. Beispielsweise aus Fig. 4 ersieht man, daß die Messerdicke vergleichweise gering und seine Breite dem Durchmesser der Düsenmündung entsprechend festgelegt ist. Die Länge des Messers richtet sich nach der Breite des Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatzes 6 in Richtung der geometrischen Achse 14 der Antriebswelle 15 für beispielweise alle oberen Zahnräder 16 gemessen. Im letzteren Falle wird also das treibende Rad mit 16 und das getreibene mit 17 bezeichnet. Die Arbeitsweise derartiger Zahnrad-Dosierpumpen ist bekannt und muß aus diesem Grunde nicht näher erläutert werden. Das Gut wird über die Zahnlücken 18 .bzw. 19 zur Auslaßdüse 9 gefördert. Demnach werden also mit einem einzigen Messerhub sämtliche austretenden Massestränge durchschnitten.The material emerging from each nozzle mouth 12 is cut or sheared at a predetermined time with the aid of a resettable and resettable knife 13, as a result of which the strand emerging from the nozzle, for example from stiff sausage or meat sausage meat, is divided into individual, more or less short or long portions is divided. For example, from Fig. 4 it can be seen that the knife thickness is comparatively small and its width is set according to the diameter of the nozzle mouth. The length of the knife depends on the width of the gear metering pump set 6 in the direction of the geometric axis 14 of the drive shaft 15, for example for all upper gear wheels 16 measured. In the latter case, the driving wheel is designated 16 and the driven wheel 17. The operation of such gear metering pumps is known and therefore does not need to be explained in more detail. The good is over the tooth gaps 18. 19 promoted to the outlet nozzle 9. Accordingly, all emerging mass strands are cut through with a single knife stroke.

Das Messer 13 ist, wie bereits angedeutet, im Sinne des Pfeiles 20 zustellbar und in Gegenrichtung rückstellbar. Während des Schneidens gleitet es entlang der Düsenmünundung 12, wobei die Stränge mit hoher Geschwindigkeit abgeschert werden. Im einzelnen wird das nachstehend noch erläutert.As already indicated, the knife 13 can be set in the direction of the arrow 20 and can be reset in the opposite direction. During cutting, it slides along the nozzle mouth 12, the strands being sheared off at high speed. This will be explained in more detail below.

Das Messer 13 ist um eine sich in seiner Längsrichtung und senkrecht zur Zustellrichtung 20 verlaufende Achse 21 schwenkbar an einem Verschiebeglied 22 gelagert und mit einem Schwenkantrieb 23 verbunden. Das Ausführungsbeispiel sieht noch einen Messerhalter 24 vor, an welchem das Messer, insbesondere auswechselbar, gehalten ist. Demnach wird also beim Ausführungsbeispiel das Messer indirekt über den Messerhalter 24 verschwenkbar am Verschiebeglied 22 gelagert. Der Schwenkantrieb 23 weist einen, insbesondere pneumatischen, Arbeitszylinder 25 auf. Diese ist in vorteil hafter Weise zugleich ein Messer-Verschiebeantrieb. Die Arbeitsrichtung des Arbeitskolbens 26 dieses Arbeitszylinders 25 verläuft parallel zu Arbeitsrichtung des Verschiebeglieds bzw. dessen Führungslager 27. Der Arbeitskolben 26 ist über ein Drehgelenk 28 mit einer Lasche 29 des Messerhalters 24 gekuppelt. Diese Lasche ist über das Drehgelenk 28 hinaus verlängert, wobei das Verlängerungsstück 30 ein, beispielsweise bolzenförmiges, Anschlagelement 31 trägt.The knife 13 is pivotally mounted on a sliding member 22 about an axis 21 extending in its longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the feed direction 20 and is connected to a pivot drive 23. The exemplary embodiment also provides a knife holder 24, on which the knife, in particular replaceable, is held. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment, the knife is indirectly pivotable on the slide via the knife holder 24 member 22 stored. The swivel drive 23 has a, in particular pneumatic, working cylinder 25. In an advantageous manner, this is also a knife displacement drive. The working direction of the working piston 26 of this working cylinder 25 runs parallel to the working direction of the displacement member or its guide bearing 27. The working piston 26 is coupled to a tab 29 of the knife holder 24 via a swivel joint 28. This tab is extended beyond the swivel joint 28, the extension piece 30 carrying a stop element 31, for example a bolt-shaped one.

Das Anschlagelement 31 greift in ein Langloch 32 eines Steuerglieds 33 ein und ist darin in Richtung des Doppelpfeils 34 verschiebbar und um seine Achse drehbar. Das Langloch und insbesondere auch das gesamte Steuerglied 33 erstrekken sich parallel zum Arbeitszylinder 25 bzw. Verschiebeglied 22, d.h. die geometrischen Achsen dieser drei Elemente verlaufen parallel sowie vorzugsweise in einer gemeinsamen Ebene. Diese steht im übrigen zu einer durch das Messer 13 und alle Düsenmündungen gelegten Eben senkrecht.The stop element 31 engages in an elongated hole 32 of a control member 33 and is displaceable therein in the direction of the double arrow 34 and rotatable about its axis. The elongated hole and in particular also the entire control member 33 extend parallel to the working cylinder 25 or displacement member 22, i.e. the geometrical axes of these three elements run parallel and preferably in a common plane. This is otherwise perpendicular to a plane placed by the knife 13 and all nozzle openings.

In der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausgangslage eines Arbeitszyklus des Messers 13, nämlich bei in seiner oberen Endlange befindlichen Stellung das Arbeitskolbens 26, liegen die Achse 21 und die Achse des Drehgelenks 28 auf einer gemeinsamen zu den geometrischen Achsen des Arbeitszylinders und des Verschiebeglieds gelegten gedachten Ebene, während aufgrund der Schrägstellung der Lasche 29 mit ihrem Verlängerungsstück 30 das Anschlagelement 31 von dieser gedachten Ebene entfernt ist und zwar in Richtung auf die Anlenkachse 35 des Steuerglieds 33 an einem Balken 37. An letzterem ist auch der Arbeitskolben mittels einer Achse 36 in begrenztem Umfange schwenkbar gelagert.In the starting position of a working cycle of the knife 13 shown in FIG. 4, namely when the working piston 26 is in its upper end length position, the axis 21 and the axis of the swivel joint 28 lie on a common imaginary axis that is laid to the geometric axes of the working cylinder and the displacement member Level, while due to the inclination of the tab 29 with its extension piece 30, the stop element 31 is removed from this imaginary plane and in the direction of the articulation axis 35 of the control member 33 on a beam 37. On the latter, the working piston is also limited by an axis 36 Entirely pivoted.

Das in der Zeichnung untere Ende des Langloches 32 bildet einen Anschlag 38 für das Anschlagelement 31. Hieraus folgt, daß das Anschlagelement 31 vom Anschlag 38 in der Ausgangslage des Messers 13, also in der eingezogenen Endstellung des Arbeitskolbens 26, seinen größten Abstand aufweist. Das Messer 13 ist ausgehend von der in Fig. 4 gezeichneten oberen Endstellung im Sinne des Pfeils 39 um die Achse 23 gegen die Düsenmündung 12 hin verschwenkbar. Dies erfolgt automatisch mit Hilfe des Schwenkantriebs 23 oder genauer gesagt der Zustellbewegung des Arbeitskolbens 26. Sobald nämlich der Arbeitskolben im Sinne des Pfeils 20 aus seinem Zylinder 25 ausgefahren wird, wirkt am Messehalter 24 und damit auch am Messer 13 ein Drehmoment im Sinne des Pfeils 39. Dadurch legt sich die Messerschneide 41 an der bzw. den Düsenmündungen 12 an und zwar oberhalb der Düsenbohrung 42. Nunmehr ist die in Fig. 5 gezeigte Stellung erreicht. Die Messerebene, welche gemäß Fig. 4 parallel zur Düsenmündung verlief, steht nunmehr winklig zu der bzw. zu den Düsenmüngen 12.The lower end of the elongated hole 32 in the drawing forms a stop 38 for the stop element 31. It follows that the stop element 31 is at its greatest distance from the stop 38 in the starting position of the knife 13, that is to say in the retracted end position of the working piston 26. Starting from the upper end position shown in FIG. 4 in the direction of arrow 39, the knife 13 can be pivoted about the axis 23 towards the nozzle mouth 12. This takes place automatically with the aid of the swivel drive 23 or more precisely the feed movement of the working piston 26. As soon as the working piston is moved out of its cylinder 25 in the direction of the arrow 20, a torque acts in the direction of the arrow 39 on the holder 24 and thus also on the knife 13 As a result, the knife edge 41 bears against the nozzle orifice 12 and above the nozzle bore 42. The position shown in FIG. 5 is now reached. The knife plane, which ran parallel to the nozzle mouth according to FIG. 4, is now at an angle to or to the nozzle mouths 12.

Wenn der Arbeitskolben 26 des Schwenkantriebs 23, der zugleich Messerantrieb ist, weiter ausgefahren wird, so führt dies zum Abscheren des austretenden Stranges und zur Bildung einer Portion 43 bzw. bei mehreren Düsen zu einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Portionen. Sobald das Schneidmesser 13 gemäß Fig. 6 den Strang durchtrennt hat und dabei seine untere Endlage nahezu erreicht hat, liegt das Anschlagelement 31 am Anschlag 38 an. Beim restlichen Abwärtshub wird das Verlängerungsstück 30 im Uhrzeigersinne um das Anschlagelement 31 verschwenkt. Dies fürt zum Abheben des Messers 1,3 von der Düsenmündung 12. Wird nunmehr der Arbeitskolben 26 durch Umsteuern des, insbesondere pneumatischen, doppelt wirkenden Arbeitszylinders 25 entgegen dem Pfeil 20 angehoben, d.h.-in den Zylinder 40 wieder eingezogen, so erzeugt dies ein Drehmoment um die Achse 21 im Sinne des Pfeils 44 (Fig. 7) am Messer bzw. Messerhalter 24 und das Messer bzw. die Messerschneide hebt infolgedessen vom unteren Ende der Düsenmündung 12 noch weiter ab. Bei weiterer Aufwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 26 wird schließlich wieder die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Ausgangsstellung des Zyklus erreicht. Insbesondere dieses frühe Abheben des Messers schon am Ende des Schneidhubes ermöglicht das vorteilhafte Abschneiden bei ständig laufender Füllpumpe.If the working piston 26 of the swivel drive 23, which is also a knife drive, is extended further, this leads to the shearing off of the emerging strand and to the formation of a portion 43 or, in the case of several nozzles, to a corresponding number of portions. As soon as the cutting knife 13 according to FIG. 6 has cut through the strand and has almost reached its lower end position, the stop element 31 lies against the stop 38. During the remaining downward stroke, the extension piece 30 is pivoted clockwise around the stop element 31. This leads to the lifting of the knife 1, 3 from the nozzle orifice 12. If the working piston 26 is now raised against the arrow 20 by reversing the, in particular pneumatic, double-acting working cylinder 25, that is to say drawn back into the cylinder 40, this generates a torque As a result, around the axis 21 in the direction of arrow 44 (FIG. 7) on the knife or knife holder 24 and the knife or knife edge lifts even further from the lower end of the nozzle mouth 12. With further upward movement of the piston 26, the starting position of the cycle shown in FIG. 4 is finally reached again. In particular, this early lifting of the knife at the end of the cutting stroke enables advantageous cutting with the filling pump running continuously.

Die Portion 43 bzw. die Portionsgruppe wird auf einem unterhalb den Düsenmündungen 12 vorbeibewegbaren Transportglied 45 abgelegt. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine von einer Rolle 46 abwickelbare Bahn 47, insbesondere eine Papierbahn. Das mit den Portionen 43 zu belegende bzw. belegte Teilstück des Transportglieds 45 liegt auf dem oberen Trum eines endlosen Förderbands 48 auf. Die Höhe 49 des Förderbands 48 und insbesondere seines oberen Trums 50 ist innerhalb vorgegebener Grenzen einstellbar. Im übrigen ergibt sich aus Fig. 1, daß sowohl die Vorrichtung 2 als auch die damit verbundene Vorrichtung 51 mit dem Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatz 6 und der Schneideinrichtung fahrbar sind. Eine Brems- oder Feststelleinrichtung 52 sorgt für die Beibehaltung der korrekten Ausrichtung gegenüber dem Förderband 48. Mittels einer Steuerung 53 wird die Förderung des in Portionen zu unterteilenden Gutes und die Zustellbewegung des Schneidmessers 13 so gesteuert, daß die Füllpumpe 3 kontinuierlich arbeiten kann und dem Zahnrad-Dosierpumpensatz 6 jeweils die korrekte Menge zugeführt wird, wobei der Abschneidevorgang so ablaufen soll, daß die dabei entstehenden hinteren und vorderen Enden der Portionen und auch die Portionen selbst nicht verformt werden. Gegebenenfalls dient die Steuerung 53 auch noch weiteren Zwecken, beispielsweise der korrekten Arbeitsweise einer Zerkleinerungseinrichtung der Vorrichtung 2. Die Portionsgröße kann an der Steuerung 53 eingestellt werden. Sie ist vom Förderstrom, beispiels weise in der Verbindungsleitung 5, und dem Zeitabstand zwischen zwei Arbeitsbewegungen des Schneidmessers 13 abhängig.The portion 43 or the portion group is placed on a transport member 45 that can be moved past beneath the nozzle orifices 12. This is preferably a web 47 that can be unwound from a roll 46, in particular a paper web. The portion of the transport member 45 to be covered with the portions 43 rests on the upper run of an endless conveyor belt 48. The height 49 of the conveyor belt 48 and in particular its upper run 50 can be set within predetermined limits. 1 that both the device 2 and the associated device 51 with the gear metering pump set 6 and the cutting device can be moved. A braking or locking device 52 ensures that the correct alignment with respect to the conveyor belt 48 is maintained. By means of a controller 53, the conveyance of the goods to be divided into portions and the feed movement of the cutting knife 13 are controlled so that the filling pump 3 can work continuously and the gearwheel -Dosing pump set 6 the correct amount is supplied, the cutting process should take place so that the resulting rear and front ends of the portions and the portions themselves are not deformed. If necessary, the controller 53 also serves other purposes, for example the correct functioning of a comminution device of the device 2. The portion size can be set on the controller 53. It is dependent on the flow rate, for example in the connecting line 5, and the time interval between two working movements of the cutting knife 13.

Claims (11)

1. Portioning machine with a filler pump and at least one outlet nozzle (9) connected thereto, along the mouth or mouths (12) of which a blade (13) can be delivered and moved back, it being possible for the blade (13) to be lifted away from the nozzle mouth (12) in its delivery end position (44) and moved back towards the nozzle mouth (12) before the beginning of the cutting movement (20), in that it is mounted on a moving member (22) so as to be pivotable about an axis (21) extending perpendicular to the delivery direction (20) in its longitudinal direction and can be delivered by means of an operating cylinder of the displacement drive, characterised in thatthe pivot drive (23) comprises an operating cylinder (25) which is in particular pneumatic and is simultaneously the operating cylinder of the blade displacement drive; and in that the operating direction of the operating piston (26) extends approximately parallel with respect to the operating direction (20) of the displacement member (22), the operating piston (26) being coupled to a bar (29) or the like of the blade (13) or of a blade carrier (24) by means of a swivel joint (28); in that furthermore the bar (29) or the like is extended beyond the swivel joint (28) of the operating piston (26) and the extension piece (30) bears a stop member (31) which is mounted so as to be displaceable and rotatable in an elongate hole (32) of a control member (33), the elongate hole (32) extending parallel to the operating cylinder (25) and to the longitudinal axis of the displacement member (22).
2. Machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the blade (13) can be delivered, in particular electro-pneumatically, by means of a cyclic device, which is preferably adjustable.
3. Machine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the pivot axes (21 and 28) of the blade (13) or blade carrier (24) and the bar (29) on the operating cylinder (25) in the initial position of the blade are located approximately in a common place extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the displacement member (22) and the operating cylinder (25); and in that in the initial position of the blade (13) the control member (33) is at a maximum distance from the end, of the elongate hole (33), serving as a stop (38), and abuts against the stop (38) at the end of the cutting movement (20).
4. Machine according to Claim 3, characterised in that the cylinder (25) of the operating piston (26) and the control member (33) are pivotable about parallel axes (36 or 35) which also extend parallel to the pivoting axis (21) of the blade (13) and to the articulation axis (28) of the bar (29) or the like.
5. Machine according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the blade (13) is formed as a flat, in particular strip-like, blade, the plane of which during the cutting operation extends inclined with respect to the pæne of the nozzle mouth (12) or mouths, the geometrical axis of the displacement member (22) being approximately in the plane of the nozzle mouth (12) or mouths; and in that an imaginary plane through the geometrical axes of the displacement member (22) of the operating piston (26) and of the control member (33) extends approximately pependicular to the plane of the nozzle mouth (12).
6. Machine according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the plane of the nozzle mouth (12) extends inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis (39) of the nozzle (12) or nozzles.
7. Machine according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the nozzle (12) is located at the outlet of a metering device, in particular a gear wheel metering pump (10), a plurality of gear wheels (16) being secured on a common drive shaft (15) and being associated with a gear wheel metering pump assembly (6) which comprises a plurality of gear wheel pumps (10) disposed adjacent one another, the outlet nozzles (9) being arranged in a row adjacent one another and a common blade (13) being associated with all thereof.
8. Machine according to Claim 7, characterised in that disc-like intermediate members (11) are located between the individual pumps (10) of the gear wheel metering pump assembly (6), in particular in the outlet region.
9. Machine according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the inlets of the gear wheel metering pumps (10) are connected to one another by means of a transverse distributor (7), of which the inlet socket (8) or the like is connected to the filler pump (3) in accordance with the flow.
10. Machine according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised by a conveyor member (45) for the cut-off portions (43), which member can be moved past below the nozzle aperture or apertures (12) and is formed as a web (47), in particular of paper, which can be wound off a roller (46).
11. Machine according to Claim 10, characterised in that the web (47) of paper or the like is supported on a continuous conveyor belt (48).
EP86117031A 1985-12-21 1986-12-08 Portioning device Expired - Lifetime EP0226925B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3545673 1985-12-21
DE3545673A DE3545673C2 (en) 1985-12-21 1985-12-21 Portioning machine

Publications (3)

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EP0226925A2 EP0226925A2 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0226925A3 EP0226925A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0226925B1 true EP0226925B1 (en) 1990-11-22

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EP86117031A Expired - Lifetime EP0226925B1 (en) 1985-12-21 1986-12-08 Portioning device

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EP (1) EP0226925B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3545673C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0226925A2 (en) 1987-07-01
DE3545673A1 (en) 1987-06-25
US4747767A (en) 1988-05-31
EP0226925A3 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3545673C2 (en) 1995-12-21

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