EP0225444A1 - Process for the control of an electromagnet - Google Patents

Process for the control of an electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225444A1
EP0225444A1 EP86113598A EP86113598A EP0225444A1 EP 0225444 A1 EP0225444 A1 EP 0225444A1 EP 86113598 A EP86113598 A EP 86113598A EP 86113598 A EP86113598 A EP 86113598A EP 0225444 A1 EP0225444 A1 EP 0225444A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
frequency
current
switched
circuit
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Granted
Application number
EP86113598A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0225444B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Wilhelm Dr Meyer
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further specifies a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • the holding phase can only start when the armature has been reliably attracted by the magnet, since the holding current is sufficient to hold an armature that has been tightened in the working position, but not to attract the armature.
  • Circuits are therefore known which are based on measuring the current rise during the excitation of the coil and which detect a possibly occurring negative value of the first derivative of the current rise in order to derive a hit detection therefrom.
  • the functional reliability of such circuits has not proven itself, in particular they are heavily dependent on the supply voltage and, in particular, no longer function if the supply voltage increases.
  • This evaluation circuit is relatively complicated and requires fine measuring methods.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method that reliably determines whether the armature is an electromagnet in the working or in the rest position.
  • circuit arrangement for carrying out the method is specified according to the invention.
  • the invention is based on a clocked power supply in the holding phase for the electromagnet, wherein the supply current for the electromagnet is always switched off when it exceeds an upper limit value and is switched on again when it falls below a lower limit value.
  • the current flow does not suddenly increase due to the inductance of the magnet, and during the switch-off process it does not drop suddenly, a free-wheeling circuit being able to provide a longer maintenance of a current flow through the magnet.
  • the clock frequency is dependent on the supply voltage, the temperature of the coil and the inductance of the magnet.
  • the deviations in the clock frequency caused by temperature changes and also by the change in the supply voltage are negligibly small compared to the deviations caused by the changes in the inductance of the magnet due to the fact that the magnet has a significantly different inductance in the working state, i.e. with the armature plate attracted than in the rest position, in which the armature plate is spaced from the pole faces.
  • the change in the clock frequency caused thereby is evaluated, so that reliable detection is possible as to whether the magnet has attracted the armature plate or not.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit in which an electromagnetic consumer 10 has a freewheeling circuit 12 lying parallel to it, which is indicated by a diode.
  • the ser electromagnetic consumer 10 with its free-wheeling circuit 12 is connected to a supply voltage 14 with one side, the other side is connected at 16 to ground.
  • an output stage 18 which is indicated here as a transistor, it is possible to let the current flow from the positive pole 14 through the electromagnetic consumer 10 to the ground connection 16. If the output stage 18 is blocked, the current flows from the coil 10 via its free-wheeling circuit 12.
  • a measuring resistor 26 is provided in the freewheeling circuit 10, 12, from which information about the current strength is tapped via a line 24. This information is fed to a control circuit 22, which also receives external control signals via an input 20.
  • the control 22 controls the output stage 18 again via a driver stage 28, so that the current can rise again to the value I1.
  • the rising phase is designated by the letter A
  • the falling phase by the letter B.
  • the duration of the interval A + B determines the frequency of the clocking.
  • This frequency value can be tapped at the output of the control circuit 22, there even as a clean square-wave signal, and is fed to a frequency measuring element 30.
  • the frequency measuring element 30 detects this frequency and compares it with a predetermined reference value, and if the actual value deviates too much from the target value, the frequency element 30 emits an error signal to the control circuit 22.
  • Fig. 1 the curves for the frequency of the clock current for the electromagnetic consumption 10 for the two different positions of the anchor plate are shown and denoted by the letters K1 and K2.
  • K1 and K2 the curves for the frequency of the clock current for the electromagnetic consumption 10 for the two different positions of the anchor plate are shown and denoted by the letters K1 and K2.
  • a comparison makes it easy to see that the frequency of the curves undergoes a significant change depending on whether the anchor plate is tightened or not.
  • the frequency change is up to 50%, so that there is a significant and easily evaluable value to determine whether the anchor plate has been tightened or not.
  • a signal is generated in the control circuit 22, which has received this information from the frequency measuring element 30, and a new switch-on process is started.
  • a first switch-on current with a high amplitude is generated, while the current strength of the subsequent holding current can be significantly lower and has a current strength that is only about 20% of the maximum switch-on current.
  • the circuit according to the invention can be used to control a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, which is held in its end positions by electromagnetic force.
  • the working position of the armature corresponds to an excited magnet that holds the gas exchange valve in the open position
  • the second working position corresponds to the excitation of a second magnet, which holds the gas exchange valve in the closed position. Since a malfunction would result in the combustion process failing, immediate and reliable detection is essential.
  • the resulting boundary conditions such as strong temperature fluctuations in the practical operation of a motor vehicle, and fluctuating voltages in the supply voltage depending on the speed or state of charge of the battery, so that the method according to the invention delivers reliable results despite these problems.
  • a restart is initiated in order to bring the gas exchange valve into the intended working position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

1. Method for controlling an electromagnet (10) which attracts an armature, in which the electromagnet (10) in its holding phase is controlled with pulsed current from a power supply, the current being switched off when an upper threshold value is exceeded and is switched on when it falls below a lower threshold value, characterized in that the frequency of the pulsing is measured during the holding phase and compared with a preset frequency value, and an error signal is initiated when a maximum deviation is exceeded.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Weiterhin wird durch die Erfindung eine Schaltungs­anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgegeben.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further specifies a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method.

Es ist bekannt, zur Energieeinsparung einen in Haltephase befind­lichen Elektromagneten mit einer getakteten Stromversorgung anzu­steuern, wobei jeweils während des abgeschalteten Stromes eine Freilaufschaltung für den Stromdurchfluß durch den Elektromagne­ten sorgen kann. Eine derartige Schaltung kann beispielsweise der DE-OS 24 25 585 entnommen werden.It is known to control an electromagnet which is in the holding phase with a clocked power supply in order to save energy, a free-wheeling circuit being able to ensure the current flow through the electromagnet during the current being switched off. Such a circuit can be found, for example, in DE-OS 24 25 585.

Dabei existiert jedoch das Problem, daß die Haltephase erst dann anlaufen kann, wenn der Anker zuverlässig vom Magneten angezogen wurde, da der Haltestrom zwar ausreichend ist, um einen einmal angezogenen Anker in der Arbeitsstellung zu halten, jedoch nicht, um den Anker anzuziehen.However, there is the problem that the holding phase can only start when the armature has been reliably attracted by the magnet, since the holding current is sufficient to hold an armature that has been tightened in the working position, but not to attract the armature.

Es sind deshalb Schaltungen bekannt, die darauf aufbauen, den Stromanstieg während der Erregung der Spule zu messen und einen eventuell auftretenden negativen Wert der ersten Ableitung des Stromanstiegs erfassen, um daraus eine Auftrefferkennung abzu­leiten. Die Funktionssicherheit derartiger Schaltungen jedoch hat sich nicht bewährt, insbesondere sind sie stark von der Ver­sorgungsspannung abhängig und funktionieren insbesondere bei ei­nem Anstieg der Versorgungsspannung nicht mehr.Circuits are therefore known which are based on measuring the current rise during the excitation of the coil and which detect a possibly occurring negative value of the first derivative of the current rise in order to derive a hit detection therefrom. However, the functional reliability of such circuits has not proven itself, in particular they are heavily dependent on the supply voltage and, in particular, no longer function if the supply voltage increases.

Aus der DE-OS 33 26 605 ist eine Schaltung bekannt, mit der die Hublage des Ankers überwacht wird. Dabei wird ausgegangen von einer Spannungsversorgung für den Elektromagneten, die aus ei­nem Gleichstrom mit einem überlagerten Wechselstromanteil besteht. Durch eine Auswertung der Größe des Wechselstromanteils, der sich durch die unterschiedliche Induktivität des Elektromagneten mit angezogener und beabstandeter Ankerplatte unterscheidet, soll erfaßt werden, ob der Elektromagnet die Ankerplatte angezogen hat.From DE-OS 33 26 605 a circuit is known with which the stroke position of the armature is monitored. A voltage supply for the electromagnet is assumed, which consists of a direct current with a superimposed alternating current component. An evaluation of the size of the AC component, which differs in the different inductance of the electromagnet with the armature plate attracted and spaced apart, is intended to determine whether the electromagnet has attracted the armature plate.

Diese Auswertschaltung ist verhältnismäßig kompliziert und bedarf feiner Meßmethoden.This evaluation circuit is relatively complicated and requires fine measuring methods.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren anzugeben, das zuver­lässig ermöglicht festzustellen, ob der Anker eine Elektromagne­ten sich in der Arbeits- oder in der Ruhestellung befindet.The object of the invention is to provide a method that reliably determines whether the armature is an electromagnet in the working or in the rest position.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch den Hauptanspruch.The task is solved by the main claim.

Weiterhin wird erfindungsgemäß eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Durch­führung des Verfahrens angegeben.Furthermore, a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method is specified according to the invention.

Die Erfindung geht von einer getakteten Stromversorgung in der Haltephase für den Elektromagneten aus, wobei der Versorgungsstrom für den Elektromagneten stets dann abgeschaltet wird, wenn er einen oberen Grenzwert überschreitet, und wiederum eingeschaltet wird, wenn er einen unteren Grenzwert unterschreitet. Während des Einschaltvorganges steigt der Stromfluß aufgrund der Induk­tivität des Magneten nicht schlagartig an, und während des Ab­schaltvorganges fällt er nicht schlagartig ab, wobei eine Frei­laufschaltung für eine längere Aufrechterhaltung eines Stromdurch­flusses durch den Magneten sorgen kann.The invention is based on a clocked power supply in the holding phase for the electromagnet, wherein the supply current for the electromagnet is always switched off when it exceeds an upper limit value and is switched on again when it falls below a lower limit value. During the switch-on process, the current flow does not suddenly increase due to the inductance of the magnet, and during the switch-off process it does not drop suddenly, a free-wheeling circuit being able to provide a longer maintenance of a current flow through the magnet.

Da die Regelung für die Stromversorgung von einem oberen Grenz­wert und einem unteren Grenzwert abhängig ist, gehen in die sich ausbildende Taktfrequenz verschiedene Faktoren ein.Since the regulation for the power supply is dependent on an upper limit and a lower limit, go into the training clock frequency different factors.

So ist die Taktfrequenz abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung, von der Temperatur der Spule und von der Induktivität des Magne­ten.The clock frequency is dependent on the supply voltage, the temperature of the coil and the inductance of the magnet.

Überraschenderweise sind die durch Temperaturänderungen und auch durch die Änderung der Versorgungsspannung hervorgerufenen Abwei­chungen in der Taktfrequenz vernachlässigbar klein gegenüber den Abweichungen, die durch die Induktivitätsänderungen des Magneten hervorgerufen werden aufgrund der Tatsache, daß der Magnet im Arbeitszustand, also mit angezogener Ankerplatte eine deutlich andere Induktivität besitzt als in Ruhestellung, in dem die An­kerplatte von den Polflächen beabstandet ist.Surprisingly, the deviations in the clock frequency caused by temperature changes and also by the change in the supply voltage are negligibly small compared to the deviations caused by the changes in the inductance of the magnet due to the fact that the magnet has a significantly different inductance in the working state, i.e. with the armature plate attracted than in the rest position, in which the armature plate is spaced from the pole faces.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die dadurch hervorgerufene Änderung der Takt­frequenz ausgewertet, so daß die zuverlässige Erkennung möglich ist, ob der Magnet die Ankerplatte angezogen hat oder nicht.According to the invention, the change in the clock frequency caused thereby is evaluated, so that reliable detection is possible as to whether the magnet has attracted the armature plate or not.

Weitere Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrie­ben.Further embodiments are described in the subclaims.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine graphische Darstellung des zeitlichen Strom­verlaufes zur Erläuterung der Erfindung; und
  • Fig. 2 eine Schaltung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the current profile over time to explain the invention. and
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit for performing the method.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Schaltung dargestellt, in der ein elektromag­netischer Verbraucher 10 eine parallel dazu liegende Freilauf­schaltung 12 besitzt, was durch eine Diode angedeutet ist. Die­ ser elektromagnetische Verbraucher 10 mit seiner Freilaufschal­tung 12 ist an einer Versorgungsspannung 14 mit seiner einen Seite angeschlossen, die andere Seite ist bei 16 mit Masse verbunden.FIG. 2 shows a circuit in which an electromagnetic consumer 10 has a freewheeling circuit 12 lying parallel to it, which is indicated by a diode. The ser electromagnetic consumer 10 with its free-wheeling circuit 12 is connected to a supply voltage 14 with one side, the other side is connected at 16 to ground.

Durch das Öffnen einer Endstufe 18, die hier als Transistor an­gedeutet ist, ist es möglich, den Strom vom Pluspol 14 durch den elektromagnetischen Verbraucher 10 zum Masseanschluß 16 fließen zu lassen. Ist die Endstufe 18 gesperrt, fließt der Strom von der Spule 10 über seine Freilaufschaltung 12.By opening an output stage 18, which is indicated here as a transistor, it is possible to let the current flow from the positive pole 14 through the electromagnetic consumer 10 to the ground connection 16. If the output stage 18 is blocked, the current flows from the coil 10 via its free-wheeling circuit 12.

Im Freilaufkreis 10, 12 ist ein Meßwiderstand 26 vorgesehen, an dem über eine Leitung 24 eine Information über die Stromstärke abgegriffen wird. Diese Information wird einer Regelungsschaltung 22 zugeführt, die außerdem über einen Eingang 20 externe Steuer­signale erhält.A measuring resistor 26 is provided in the freewheeling circuit 10, 12, from which information about the current strength is tapped via a line 24. This information is fed to a control circuit 22, which also receives external control signals via an input 20.

Zur Diskussion der Beschaltung des elektromagnetischen Verbrau­chers 10 wird auf Fig. 1 zurückgegriffen. Wenn der Anker des Elek­tromagneten 10 sich in seiner angezogenen Stellung befindet, ist es zum Halten des Ankers notwendig, einen gewissen Haltestrom fließen zu lassen, wobei der Haltestrom zwischen einem oberen Stromwert I₁, und einem unteren Stromwert I₂ schwanken kann. Wird also die Endstufe 18 geöffnet, steigt der Strom an, bis er den Wert I₁ erreicht hat. In diesem Fall sperrt die Regelungseinheit 22 die Endstufe 18, so daß der Strom nicht weiter ansteigen kann, sondern durch die Freilaufschaltung 12 abfließt. Dabei fällt jedoch die Stromstärke ab, abhängig von einigen Parametern, wobei die Induktivität des Elektromagneten 10 in einem Maße eingeht, daß die übrigen Parameter vernachlässigbar sind. Dies ist insbesondere darauf zurückzuführen, daß die übrigen Parameter wie Versorgungs­spannung den Stromanstiegsteil der Kurve beeinflussen, dessen Anteil an einer Frequenzperiode in der Regel kleiner als 25 % ist. Die Zeitdauer des wesentlich längeren abfallenden Teils wird im wesentlichen durch die Induktivität bestimmt. Hat der Strom den unteren Wert I₂ erreicht, steuert die Regelung 22 über eine Treiberstufe 28 die Endstufe 18 wiederum an, so daß der Strom wieder auf den Wert I₁ ansteigen kann.1 is used to discuss the wiring of the electromagnetic consumer 10. When the armature of the electromagnet 10 is in its attracted position, it is necessary to hold the armature to let a certain holding current flow, the holding current being able to fluctuate between an upper current value I 1 and a lower current value I 2. So if the output stage 18 is opened, the current increases until it has reached the value I 1. In this case, the control unit 22 blocks the output stage 18, so that the current cannot continue to rise, but instead flows off through the freewheeling circuit 12. However, the current intensity drops, depending on some parameters, the inductance of the electromagnet 10 being taken into account to such an extent that the other parameters are negligible. This is due in particular to the fact that the other parameters such as supply voltage influence the current rise part of the curve, the proportion of which in a frequency period is generally less than 25%. The duration of the much longer falling part is essentially determined by the inductance. If the current has reached the lower value I₂, the control 22 controls the output stage 18 again via a driver stage 28, so that the current can rise again to the value I₁.

In Fig. 1 ist die Anstiegsphase mit dem Buchstaben A bezeichnet, die abfallende Phase mit dem Buchstaben B. Die Zeitdauer des In­tervalls A + B bestimmt die Frequenz der Taktung.In Fig. 1, the rising phase is designated by the letter A, the falling phase by the letter B. The duration of the interval A + B determines the frequency of the clocking.

Dieser Frequenzwert ist am Ausgang der Regelschaltung 22, dort sogar als sauberes Rechtecksignal, abgreifbar und wird einem Fre­quenzmeßglied 30 zugeführt. Das Frequenzmeßglied 30 erfaßt diese Frequenz und vergleicht sie mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert, und bei einer allzu großen Abweichung des Ist-Wertes vom Soll-­Wert gibt das Frequenzglied 30 ein Fehlersignal an die Regelschal­tung 22 ab.This frequency value can be tapped at the output of the control circuit 22, there even as a clean square-wave signal, and is fed to a frequency measuring element 30. The frequency measuring element 30 detects this frequency and compares it with a predetermined reference value, and if the actual value deviates too much from the target value, the frequency element 30 emits an error signal to the control circuit 22.

In Fig. 1 sind die Kurven für die Frequenz des Taktstromes für den elektromagnetischen Verbrauch 10 für die beiden verschiedenen Stellungen der Ankerplatte dargestellt und mit den Buchstaben K₁ und K₂ bezeichnet. Ein Vergleich läßt unschwer erkennen, daß die Frequenz der Kurven eine deutliche Änderung erfährt, je nach dem, ob die Ankerplatte angezogen ist oder nicht. Die Frequenz­änderung beträgt dabei bis zu 50 %, so daß hier ein signifikanter und leicht auswertbarer Wert vorliegt, um festzustellen, ob die Ankerplatte angezogen wurde oder nicht.In Fig. 1, the curves for the frequency of the clock current for the electromagnetic consumption 10 for the two different positions of the anchor plate are shown and denoted by the letters K₁ and K₂. A comparison makes it easy to see that the frequency of the curves undergoes a significant change depending on whether the anchor plate is tightened or not. The frequency change is up to 50%, so that there is a significant and easily evaluable value to determine whether the anchor plate has been tightened or not.

Ergibt die Auswertung der Frequenz, daß die Ankerplatte nicht angezogen ist, wird in der Regelschaltung 22, die diese Informa­tion von dem Frequenzmeßglied 30 erhalten hat, ein Signal erzeugt, und ein erneuter Einschaltvorgang in Gang gesetzt. Beim Einschalt­vorgang wird ein erster Einschaltstrom mit hoher Amplitude er­zeugt, während die Stromstärke des anschließenden Haltestromes deutlich geringer sein kann und eine Stromstärke hat, die nur etwa 20 % des maximalen Einschaltstromes beträgt.If the evaluation of the frequency reveals that the armature plate is not tightened, a signal is generated in the control circuit 22, which has received this information from the frequency measuring element 30, and a new switch-on process is started. During the switch-on process, a first switch-on current with a high amplitude is generated, while the current strength of the subsequent holding current can be significantly lower and has a current strength that is only about 20% of the maximum switch-on current.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltung kann verwendet werden, um ein Gas­wechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine, das in seinen Endlagen durch elektromagnetische Kraft gehalten ist, anzusteuern. Die Arbeitslage des Ankers entspricht einem erregten Magneten, der das Gaswechselventil in Öffnungsstellung hält, die zweite Arbeits­lage entspricht der Erregung eines zweiten Magneten, der das Gas­wechselventil in Schließstellung hält. Da hier eine Fehlfunktion zum Ausfall des Verbrennungsvoganges führen würde, ist die so­fortige und zuverlässige Erkennung wesentlich. Die dabei anfallenden Randbedingungen, wie starke Temperaturschwankungen im praktischen Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges, und schwankende Spannungen der Versorgungsspannung je nach Drehzahl bzw. Ladezustand der Batterie, so daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren trotz dieser Probleme zu­verlässige Ergebnisse liefert. Sobald durch die erfindungsgemäße Funktionsüberwachung ein Ausfall des Systems gemeldet wird, wird ein Neustart veranlaßt, um das Gaswechselventil in die beabsichtigte Arbeitsstellung zu bringen.The circuit according to the invention can be used to control a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, which is held in its end positions by electromagnetic force. The working position of the armature corresponds to an excited magnet that holds the gas exchange valve in the open position, the second working position corresponds to the excitation of a second magnet, which holds the gas exchange valve in the closed position. Since a malfunction would result in the combustion process failing, immediate and reliable detection is essential. The resulting boundary conditions, such as strong temperature fluctuations in the practical operation of a motor vehicle, and fluctuating voltages in the supply voltage depending on the speed or state of charge of the battery, so that the method according to the invention delivers reliable results despite these problems. As soon as a failure of the system is reported by the function monitoring according to the invention, a restart is initiated in order to bring the gas exchange valve into the intended working position.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines einen Anker anziehenden Elektro­magneten, wobei der Elektromagnet in seiner Haltephase mit getakteter Stromversorgung angesteuert wird, die bei Überschrei­ten eines oberen Schwellwertes abgeschaltet und bei Unterschrei­ten eines unteren Schwellwertes eingeschaltet wird, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenz der Taktung während der Haltephase erfaßt wird und mit einem vorgegebenen Frequenzwert verglichen wird, und bei Überschrei­ten einer Maximalabweichung ein Fehlersignal ausgelöst wird.1. A method for controlling an electromagnet attracting an armature, the electromagnet being driven in its holding phase with a clocked power supply which is switched off when an upper threshold value is exceeded and is switched on when a lower threshold value is undershot, characterized in that the frequency of the clocking during the holding phase is detected and compared with a predetermined frequency value, and an error signal is triggered when a maximum deviation is exceeded. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei zu Beginn der Ansteuerphase ein größerer Erregungsstrom durch den Elektromagneten fließt und anschließend ein geringerer Haltestrom, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Auslösen des Fehler­signals der Ansteuervorgang erneut gestartet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at the beginning of the control phase, a larger excitation current flows through the electromagnet and then a lower holding current, characterized in that the triggering process is restarted when the error signal is triggered. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Maximalabweichung ca. 20 % beträgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maximum deviation is approximately 20%. 4. Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 zur Ansteuerung eines Elektromagneten mit Polflächen und einer im abgeschalteten Zustand des Magne­ten beabstandeten und im erregten Zustand in Richtung zu der Polfläche bewegten Ankerplatte, einer Freilaufschaltung parallel zum Elektromagneten, einem Schaltglied, das die Strom­ versorgung des Elektromagneten steuert, einer Regelschaltung, die während der Haltephase des Elektromagneten das Schaltglied zur getakteten Stromversorgung ansteuert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Frequenzmeßglied (30) vorgesehen ist, das die Frequenz des getakteten Stromes mißt und die Regelschaltung (22) ansteuert und/oder das Magnetsy­stem neu aktiviert.4. Circuit arrangement for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 for controlling an electromagnet with pole faces and an armature plate spaced apart in the switched-off state of the magnet and moved towards the pole face in the excited state, a freewheeling circuit parallel to the electromagnet, a switching element which the current Supply of the electromagnet controls, a control circuit which controls the switching element for the clocked power supply during the holding phase of the electromagnet, characterized in that a frequency measuring element (30) is provided which measures the frequency of the clocked current and controls the control circuit (22) and / or reactivated the magnet system. 5. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gek­kennzeichnet, daß das Frequenzmeßglied (30) die Frequenz am Ausgang der Regelschaltung (22) abgreift.5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the frequency measuring element (30) taps the frequency at the output of the control circuit (22).
EP86113598A 1985-12-05 1986-10-02 Process for the control of an electromagnet Expired - Lifetime EP0225444B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3543055A DE3543055C1 (en) 1985-12-05 1985-12-05 Circuit arrangement for driving an electromagnet
DE3543055 1985-12-05

Publications (2)

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EP0225444A1 true EP0225444A1 (en) 1987-06-16
EP0225444B1 EP0225444B1 (en) 1990-10-24

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EP (1) EP0225444B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62134911A (en)
CA (1) CA1276679C (en)
DE (2) DE3543055C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018147B3 (en)

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DE3741734A1 (en) * 1987-12-09 1989-06-22 Herion Werke Kg DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC VALUES OF A COIL, ESPECIALLY FOR MEASURING THE ANCHOR POSITION OF A COIL / ANCHOR MAGNETIC SYSTEM
EP0393847A1 (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 Delco Electronics Corporation Method and apparatus for inductive load control with current simulation
EP0400389A2 (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 Motorola, Inc. Solenoid closure detection
EP0408963A2 (en) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-23 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Method for controlling the armature movement of switching magnets
DE4136415A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-07 Tokimec Inc METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CHECKING THE OPERATION OF SOLENOIDS
GB2260030A (en) * 1991-09-14 1993-03-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Control systems for electromagnetic valves
EP0562457A1 (en) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-29 INDUSTRIE MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Solenoid
DE19623436A1 (en) * 1996-06-12 1997-12-18 Rapp Franz Josef Apparatus for displaying performance of electromagnetic (EM) relay or valve
US5784245A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-07-21 Motorola Inc. Solenoid driver and method for determining solenoid operational status
EP1136663A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-26 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for regulation of currents during phases of stoppage in electromagnetic actuators, for actuation of intake and exhaust valves in internal-combustion engines
EP1441371A2 (en) * 2003-01-25 2004-07-28 Festo AG & Co Circuit for the generation of a pulse controlled coil current which flows in a magnetic coil system

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DE3701985A1 (en) * 1987-01-23 1988-08-04 Knorr Bremse Ag Ballast electronics for an apparatus which can be energised by DC voltage
DE3703089A1 (en) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Vdo Schindling Method and arrangement for operating an electromechanical actuating element (servo element)
GB9006973D0 (en) * 1990-03-28 1990-05-23 Vickers Systems Ltd Digital pulse-width-modulation generator for current control
DE4130040A1 (en) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-11 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING AN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY ACTUATED CLUTCH
GB2306679B (en) * 1995-11-03 2000-05-17 Motorola Ltd Method for detecting closure of a solenoid coil
WO1999046783A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 1999-09-16 Btr Industries Limited Control of electrically powered actuation device
DE19821804C1 (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-08-12 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method of functional monitoring of an electromagnetically actuated gas changeover valve
DE10358858A1 (en) 2003-12-16 2005-07-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for operating an inductive load with different electrical voltages
US7527002B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2009-05-05 Cwa Constructions S.A. Cableway cabin

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DE2208135A1 (en) * 1972-02-22 1973-09-06 Voith Getriebe Kg CONTROL DEVICE FOR A MAGNETIC COIL
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3741734A1 (en) * 1987-12-09 1989-06-22 Herion Werke Kg DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC VALUES OF A COIL, ESPECIALLY FOR MEASURING THE ANCHOR POSITION OF A COIL / ANCHOR MAGNETIC SYSTEM
EP0393847A1 (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 Delco Electronics Corporation Method and apparatus for inductive load control with current simulation
EP0400389A2 (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 Motorola, Inc. Solenoid closure detection
EP0400389A3 (en) * 1989-06-02 1992-05-20 Motorola, Inc. Solenoid closure detection
EP0408963A2 (en) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-23 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Method for controlling the armature movement of switching magnets
EP0408963A3 (en) * 1989-07-15 1991-11-27 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling the armature movement of switching magnets
GB2250350B (en) * 1990-11-06 1994-09-21 Tokimec Inc Method and apparatus for checking operation of solenoid
DE4136415A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-07 Tokimec Inc METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CHECKING THE OPERATION OF SOLENOIDS
GB2250350A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-06-03 Tokimec Inc Checking operation of solenoids
GB2260030A (en) * 1991-09-14 1993-03-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Control systems for electromagnetic valves
EP0562457A1 (en) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-29 INDUSTRIE MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Solenoid
US5383428A (en) * 1992-03-24 1995-01-24 Industrie Magneti Marelli S.P.A. Starter system for an internal combustion engine and a solenoid usable in the starter system
DE19623436A1 (en) * 1996-06-12 1997-12-18 Rapp Franz Josef Apparatus for displaying performance of electromagnetic (EM) relay or valve
US5784245A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-07-21 Motorola Inc. Solenoid driver and method for determining solenoid operational status
EP1136663A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-26 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for regulation of currents during phases of stoppage in electromagnetic actuators, for actuation of intake and exhaust valves in internal-combustion engines
US6390037B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2002-05-21 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for regulation of currents during phases of stoppage in electromagnetic actuators, for actuation of intake and exhaust valves in internal-combustion engines
EP1441371A2 (en) * 2003-01-25 2004-07-28 Festo AG & Co Circuit for the generation of a pulse controlled coil current which flows in a magnetic coil system
EP1441371A3 (en) * 2003-01-25 2005-03-23 Festo AG & Co Circuit for the generation of a pulse controlled coil current which flows in a magnetic coil system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1276679C (en) 1990-11-20
EP0225444B1 (en) 1990-10-24
JPS62134911A (en) 1987-06-18
DE3675167D1 (en) 1990-11-29
DE3543055C1 (en) 1986-12-11
ES2018147B3 (en) 1991-04-01
JPH0368522B2 (en) 1991-10-28

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