EP0222002B1 - Legierungsverstärkungsverfahren - Google Patents

Legierungsverstärkungsverfahren Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0222002B1
EP0222002B1 EP86903818A EP86903818A EP0222002B1 EP 0222002 B1 EP0222002 B1 EP 0222002B1 EP 86903818 A EP86903818 A EP 86903818A EP 86903818 A EP86903818 A EP 86903818A EP 0222002 B1 EP0222002 B1 EP 0222002B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
toughness
regions
featureless
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86903818A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0222002A1 (de
EP0222002A4 (de
Inventor
Roberto J. Rioja
Diana K. Denzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howmet Aerospace Inc
Original Assignee
Aluminum Company of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Publication of EP0222002A1 publication Critical patent/EP0222002A1/de
Publication of EP0222002A4 publication Critical patent/EP0222002A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0222002B1 publication Critical patent/EP0222002B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys

Definitions

  • a method of treating a metallurgical object or metal particles to improve toughness of the object or object formed by bonding the particles together wherein the object or the particles contain metastable featureless regions adversely, affecting the toughness of the object or object formed from the particles, comprising heating the object or the particles for transforming the regions at least sufficiently out of their metastable state to stabilize them and make them deformable, and deforming the object or object formed from the particles to improve the toughness of the object or object formed from the particles.
  • Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims 2 to 9.
  • Figure 1 composed of Figures 1a to 1d, are photomicrographs of a powder used in the invention.
  • Figures 2 to 4 are plots of data.
  • the present invention concerns a treatment of metallurgical objects containing certain metastable, featureless regions.
  • the treatment improves fracture toughness.
  • zone A regions is synonymous to “featureless regions”, as can be observed, for instance, in the references antedating Jones, as cited in the preceding paragraph), such indicating that discussion is of crystalline material.
  • EP-A-0 136 508 discloses an aluminum-based alloy having high strength at elevated temperatures which may be comminuted and processed into articles by deformation at high temperatures. It further discloses a method and apparatus for forming rapidly solidified metal having a desired microstructure. In alloys cast by employing the apparatus and method, optical microscopy reveals a uniform, featureless morphology.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the phenomenon of featureless regions.
  • Figure 1a taken using optical microscopy, the featureless regions appear white as compared to the other regions which have a texture that appears to be black specks on a gray background. Note that the smaller particles tend to be completely featureless, an effect of the higher cooling rate experienced by the smaller particles.
  • the scanning electron microscopy photographs of Figures 1b-1d further illustrate the featureless regions, which appear uniformly gray as compared to the remaining, dendritically textured regions.
  • Figures 1b and 1d show again the smaller, completely featureless regions.
  • Figure 1c shows in particularly good detail that the particle has a featureless half-moon region on its lower side.
  • any alloy containing featureless regions can be treated according to the invention.
  • a preferred Al alloy consists essentially of 4 to 12% Fe, 2 to 14% Ce, remainder Al. Fe combines with Al to form intermetallic dispersoids and precipitates providing strength at room temperature and elevated temperature. Ce combines with Fe and Al to form intermetallic dispersoids which provide strength, thermal stability and corrosion resistance. Further information concerning this alloy is contained in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,379,719 and 4,464,199.
  • This heating step of the invention for the above preferred Al alloy will generally be in the range 750-950°F for 10 seconds to 4 hours. However, at lower temperatures, longer time may be suitable. This could be of advantage in the case of large billets, in order to obtain temperature uniformity.
  • the featureless particles are stabilized and they become deformable.
  • Deformation after the uniformizing treatment for instance deformation in the form of compaction, extrusion or rolling, will provide a more uniform microstructure, with improved bonding between powder particles.
  • Improved interparticle powder bonding further increases toughness and resistance to crack propagation.
  • Table A illustrates results achieved by procedure according to the present invention (with heat treatment, i.e. 1 to 3 minutes at 900°F followed by cooling to 725°F extrusion temperature) compared to results without heat treatment (i.e. the billet was heated directly to the 725°F extrusion temperature and then extruded). Processing in going from extruded bar to sheet was the same in both instances.
  • the invention improves toughness and thermal stability in metallurgical objects based on rapid solidification processes. It is expected that creep behavior will also be improved.
  • Rapidly solidified aluminum alloy powder of composition 8.4% Fe, 4.0% Ce, rest essentially aluminum had featureless regions resulting from rapid cooling during formation of the powder.
  • a pot of such composition was alloyed by adding high purity alloying elements to high purity aluminum. The melt was passed through a filter and atomized using high temperature flue gas to minimize the oxidation of the alloying elements. During atomization, the powder was continuously passed through a cyclone to separate the particles from the high velocity air stream. The majority of powder particles had diameters between 5 and 40 micrometers. Powder was screened to retain only less than 74 micrometers size powder and fed directly into a drum.
  • the powder had the following percentages of impurities: Si 0.14, Cu 0.02, Mn 0.04, Cr 0.01, Ni 0.02, Zn 0.02, Ti 0.01.
  • the powder was found to have featureless regions in about the same quantity and distribution as shown in Figure 1.
  • the particle size distribution of the powder was 4.4% in the range 44 to 74 micrometers and 95.4% smaller than 44 micrometers. Average particle diameter was 15.5 microns as determined on a Fisher Subsieve Sizer.
  • Billet was made from this powder by cold isostatic pressing to approximately 75% of theoretical density.
  • Each 66 kg (145 lb) cold isostatic compact was encapsulated in an aluminum container with an evacuation tube on one end.
  • the canned compacts were placed in a 658 K (725°F) furnace and continuously degassed for six hours, attaining a vacuum level below 40 microns. Degassed and sealed compacts were then hot pressed at 725°F to 100 percent density using an average pressure of 469.2 MPa (68 ksi).
  • a cylindrical extrusion charge measuring 15 cm (6.125 in.) diameter x 30.5 cm (12 in.) length was machined from the billet and subjected to a uniformizing treatments of 1 minute at 850°F and 1 minute at 900°F. Heating was done using an induction furnace operating at 60 H z . Temperature was measured by a thermocouple placed at an axial location about 1.2 cm (0.5 in.) from the end. It took about 10 minutes to heat the extrusion charge from room temperature to 850°F or 900°F at which point temperature was controlled at 850°F and 900°F for the 1 minute holding time.
  • the extrusion charge was then air-cooled to 725°F and extruded as a bar of 5 cm (2 inches) x 10 cm (4 inches) cross section.
  • Al-Fe-Ce alloy having the composition Al-8.4%Fe-7.0%Ce was also uniformized at 900°F for 1 min.
  • Extruded bar of Example I was rolled at 600°F to sheet of final thickness equalling 1.60 mm (0.063 inch).
  • the extrusion Prior to rolling, the extrusion was sawed to approximately 25 cm (10 in.) lengths. Surface roughness, caused by pickup of aluminum on the extrusion dies, was eliminated by machining the extrusions to the thicknesses listed in Table III. Also listed are process parameters used to roll the Al-Fe-Ce 1.60 mm (0.063 in.) sheet.
  • Each piece was cross rolled until the desired width, greater than 41 cm (16 inches) was obtained, followed by straight rolling to the desired thickness, 1.60 mm (0.063 inch).
  • Figure 3 shows the graphic representation of the strength/fracture toughness, K c , relationships for representative samples of Table II, while Figure 4 provides a corresponding presentation from Table II in the form of toughness indicator, or unit propagation energy, against yield strength.
  • the superiority of sheet treated according to the present invention compared to the ingot metallurgy representatives is apparent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines metallurgischen Gegenstandes oder von Metallteilchen zum Verbessern der Zähigkeit des Gegenstandes oder der Zähigkeit in einem durch Binden der Teilchen aneinander gebildeten Gegenstand, wobei der Gegenstand oder die Teilchen metastabile, merkmallose Bereiche enthält bzw. enthalten, die die Zähigkeit des Gegenstandes bzw. des aus den Teilchen gebildeten Gegenstandes beeinträchtigen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Erhitzen des Gegenstandes oder der Teilchen die Bereiche wenigstens so weitgehend aus ihrem metastabilen Zustand transformiert werden, daß sie stabilisiert und verformbar werden, und daß der Gegenstand bzw. der von den Teilchen gebildete Gegenstand verformt wird und dadurch die Zähigkeit des Gegenstandes oder des von den Teilchen gebildeten Gegenstandes verbessert wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhitzung so weitgehend ist, daß die Zähigkeit um mindestens 10% erhöht wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand oder die Teilchen wenigstens teilweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bestehen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand wenigstens teilweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung der als unvergütbar oder dispersionsgehärtet bezeichneten Klasse besteht.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Teilchen wenigstens teilweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung der als unvergütbar bezeichneten Klasse besteht.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand oder das Teilchen wenigstens teilweise aus gebundenem Pulver besteht.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand oder das Teilchen wenigstens teilweise aus einem dispersionsgehärteten gebundenen Pulver besteht.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierung im wesentlichen aus 4 bis 12% Eisen, 1 bis 8% Seltenerdmetall, Rest Aluminium besteht.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierung im wesentlichen aus 6 bis 10% Eisen, 2 bis 6% Cerium, Rest Aluminium besteht.
EP86903818A 1985-05-17 1986-05-15 Legierungsverstärkungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0222002B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73556785A 1985-05-17 1985-05-17
US735567 1985-05-17
US86054686A 1986-05-07 1986-05-07
US860546 1992-04-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222002A1 EP0222002A1 (de) 1987-05-20
EP0222002A4 EP0222002A4 (de) 1988-09-28
EP0222002B1 true EP0222002B1 (de) 1992-09-16

Family

ID=27112913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903818A Expired - Lifetime EP0222002B1 (de) 1985-05-17 1986-05-15 Legierungsverstärkungsverfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0222002B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1986006748A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220380868A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-01 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Thermo-mechanical Processing Of High-Performance Al-RE Alloys

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3741290C2 (de) * 1987-12-05 1993-09-30 Geesthacht Gkss Forschung Anwendung eines Verfahrens zur Behandlung von glasartigen Legierungen
JPH01240631A (ja) * 1988-03-17 1989-09-26 Takeshi Masumoto 高力、耐熱性アルミニウム基合金

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE378260B (de) * 1973-11-29 1975-08-25 Hoeganaes Ab
US4365994A (en) * 1979-03-23 1982-12-28 Allied Corporation Complex boride particle containing alloys
US4347076A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-08-31 Marko Materials, Inc. Aluminum-transition metal alloys made using rapidly solidified powers and method
CA1177286A (en) * 1980-11-24 1984-11-06 United Technologies Corporation Dispersion strengthened aluminum alloys
US4379719A (en) * 1981-11-20 1983-04-12 Aluminum Company Of America Aluminum powder alloy product for high temperature application
US4743317A (en) * 1983-10-03 1988-05-10 Allied Corporation Aluminum-transition metal alloys having high strength at elevated temperatures

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Scripta Metallurgical vol. 18, 1984 D.J. Skinner et al, " High Strength Al-Fe-V Alloys at Elevated Temperatures Produced by Rapid Quenching from the Melt ", pp. 905 - 909 *
Scripta Metallurgical vol. 18, 1984 Kokazaki et al, " Al-Fe-Zr Alloys for High Temperature Applications Produced by Rapid Quenching from the Melt ", pp. 911-916 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220380868A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-01 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Thermo-mechanical Processing Of High-Performance Al-RE Alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0222002A1 (de) 1987-05-20
EP0222002A4 (de) 1988-09-28
WO1986006748A1 (en) 1986-11-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5239022B2 (ja) 高強度高靭性マグネシウム合金及びその製造方法
US7879286B2 (en) Method of producing high strength, high stiffness and high ductility titanium alloys
EP0295008B1 (de) Aluminiumverbundlegierungen
US4373970A (en) Copper base spinodal alloy strip and process for its preparation
US3562024A (en) Cobalt-nickel base alloys containing chromium and molybdenum
EP0475101B1 (de) Hochfeste Legierungen auf Aluminiumbasis
EP0445114B1 (de) Thermomechanische behandlung von schnell erstarrten al-legierungen
US3297415A (en) Dispersion strengthened ultra-fine wires
Matsuki et al. Superplasticity of Rapidly Solidified 7475 Al-Alloys with 0.7 wt.% Zr
EP0171798B1 (de) Hochfester Werkstoff hergestellt durch Verfestigung rasch erstarrter Aluminiumlegierungsteilchen
EP0222002B1 (de) Legierungsverstärkungsverfahren
Webster Properties and microstructure of aluminum-copper-magnesium-lithium alloys
Gouma et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a TiAl-based powder alloy containing carbon
JP2807374B2 (ja) 高強度マグネシウム基合金およびその集成固化材
US4927469A (en) Alloy toughening method
WO1994011138A1 (en) Silicon alloy, method for producing the alloy and method for production of consolidated products from silicon alloy
JPS61213358A (ja) 改良された性質を有するＡｌ合金の製造法
Dombrowski Manufacture of beryllium for fusion energy applications
NO862577L (no) Aluminiumlegering.
EP0568705B1 (de) Verfahren zum entgasen und erstarren von aluminiumlegierungspulver
Zhang et al. Superplastic properties of two rapidly solidified powder metallurgy aluminium alloys
Guoxian et al. Hot hydrostatic extrusion and microstructures of mechanically alloyed Al 4.9 Fe 4.9 Ni alloy
CA1274756A (en) Alloy toughening method
Boulby et al. Steel particulate made by rapid solidification processes
JPS60149751A (ja) 金属組成物

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19870716

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 19880928

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900816

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): FR GB

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010404

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20010503

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020515

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20020515

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST