EP0220996A1 - Method of forming a light, supple and insulated embankment, and embankment thus formed - Google Patents

Method of forming a light, supple and insulated embankment, and embankment thus formed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0220996A1
EP0220996A1 EP86420223A EP86420223A EP0220996A1 EP 0220996 A1 EP0220996 A1 EP 0220996A1 EP 86420223 A EP86420223 A EP 86420223A EP 86420223 A EP86420223 A EP 86420223A EP 0220996 A1 EP0220996 A1 EP 0220996A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
mass
immobilization
lightweight
solid
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EP86420223A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0220996B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Elie Henri Perrin
Jacques Marchal
Marcel Bianco
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Entreprise Bianco Et Cie SA
Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'urbanisme Du Logement Et Des Transports Cete
Original Assignee
Entreprise Bianco Et Cie SA
Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'urbanisme Du Logement Et Des Transports Cete
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Priority to AT86420223T priority Critical patent/ATE58931T1/en
Publication of EP0220996A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220996A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of construction in the general sense, that is to say including the realization of buildings or works, as well as earthworks, roads, etc ...
  • level backfilling in the case of buried constructions executed from an open excavation, in the case of the construction of a parking area or a traffic lane established on sites of different levels or, again, in the case of construction of a raised load-bearing base which must have characteristics of good mechanical, sound, thermal and / or acoustic insulation with respect to a level slab of a building.
  • Such materials also induce forces and thrusts on structures in contact with or near massifs and, mainly, on structure abutments, supports, etc.
  • an acceptable proposition consists in using, for the production of a body of solid mass, materials of low density, such as, in particular, of expanded polystyrene.
  • the density of this material is, in fact, generally between 20 and 40 kg / m3, which represents a significant gain compared to traditional backfill materials.
  • This technique which has been the subject of a number of previous publications, such as FR-1 398 975, AT-352 639, US-A-4 080 793 and FR-2 380 375, consists in disposing, in superimposed layers or in vertical piles, used or rejected tires which, in most cases, are linked together by links or anchoring means.
  • the cells, delimited by the tires and / or between the tires are then filled with backfill materials which are thus immobilized.
  • Such a technique therefore aims, mainly, the immobilization of retaining masses, but does not make it possible to significantly reduce the density of the latter. It is therefore a technique which is not suitable for achieving the objective of the present invention which is that of making it possible to produce a light mass to reduce the stresses applied, either to the underlying layers or to the benches supporting them, either, again, to the underlying or surrounding constructions.
  • the present invention proposes, precisely, a new process for the construction of a lean and flexible massif, responding exactly to the objective sought, by enabling it to be produced at a cost significantly lower than that of all the proposals which have been made in the same technical area.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new process for producing a lighter mass making it possible to use materials which, ordinarily, constitute waste which is difficult or not recyclable.
  • Another objective of the invention is to propose a new process for constituting a lighter mass offering, in addition, additional new properties, such as flexibility, sound, thermal and acoustic insulation, damping, even localized hygrometric balance (by water retention).
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists in: - constitute the solid mass by means of tires devoid of permanent effective mutual connection and of filling material to form an alveolar body of low density, - associate the body thus formed with an immobilization and anchoring layer.
  • the invention also relates to a lighter solid mass obtained by implementing the above method.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate an example of implementation of the object of the invention in the case of the construction of a parking or circulation area raised above ground S whose nature or composition gives it character compressible. So as to be able to execute an embankment on such a soil allowing the parking or circulation area to be placed at the required level, the method according to the invention consists, first of all, in producing an upright seating surface î and, in the present case, adjusted.
  • This surface 1 can be formed directly by the ground S or, alternatively, by a drainage base 2 constituted in any suitable manner in the art and, in particular, by a layer of clean sandy sand.
  • the lightened solid 3 is then covered with a layer 5, such as a sheet or sheet of woven or non-woven material.
  • layer 5 can consist of a sheet of a material, such as that frequently used in the construction field to facilitate upwelling while ensuring containment and retention of materials.
  • the sheet 5 can be constituted, for example, by a sheet of material sold under the name "BIDIM U 44".
  • the layer 5 is designed to assume a function of immobilization and anchoring of the mass 3 to maintain a sort of cohesion or volume confinement of the tires 4 which are simply relatively stacked, without involving any links or fasteners between them.
  • the surface of the ply 5 is calculated so as to leave, on either side of at least two opposite sides of the solid mass 3, two overhanging lateral bands 6 whose function appears in this following.
  • Fig. 1 shows that it can also be provided, for the same purpose, to place, at intermediate levels of the height of the bed 3, sheets 5 a of a material identical or similar to that of the web 5 and comprising at least one lateral strip 6 has overflowing. This may be the case, in particular, in the horizontal plane of each tiered level, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the light mass 3 is thus in the form of a honeycomb volume, constituted by discarded tires piled up or stacked, and which is isolated by the surface 1 and the ply (s) 5.
  • Another phase of the process then consists in making, at least along the sides corresponding to the presence of the strips 6 and 6 a , lateral support embankments 7 raised from the surface 1 to the plane of the upper ply 5.
  • the lateral retaining embankments 7 are formed in the form of natural slopes, from traditional embankment materials.
  • Another phase of the process consists in covering the layer 5 as well as the upper surfaces of the lateral retaining embankments with a layer 8 of load distribution, for example in a semi-crushed material.
  • the last phase of the process consists in associating, with the load distribution layer 8, either a reinforced concrete slab 9 representing the surface of wear, parking or circulation, or a flexible bituminous pavement.
  • the embankment according to the invention can then be finished by adding a layer of topsoil 11 along the natural slopes of the lateral support embankments 7.
  • the method described above can, of course, be implemented in a substantially analogous manner for the execution or construction of a platform and in such a case, the layer 5, 5a, the side retaining embankments 7 and topsoil layers 11 are then provided on the whole perimeter defining such an area, such perimeter is defined by a continuous, curved periphery or, on the contrary, by rectilinear sides.
  • an embankment 5 m thick (including pavement) will lead to a ground stress four times smaller than that of an embankment which would have been formed, constituted or erected from traditional backfill materials.
  • Such a light backfill has, moreover, the advantage of being able to be built quickly and at a very attractive cost, due to the low, or even non-existent, market value of the tires 4.
  • Another advantage of the process is that its use implemented provides a solution to the general pollution problem posed by the accumulation of discarded tires.
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the light weight 3 consists of stacks or stacks of tires 4 placed in rows and in alignment, as opposed to the staggered geometric arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the tires 4 could just as easily be chosen of any size and stacked in an all-purpose presentation to constitute piles, even irregular ones, the final stability of which is ensured by the layer 5 and by the lateral support embankments 7.
  • each ply 5 can be associated with a lattice 1 metallic or not, constituting a tension reinforcement.
  • the trellis 12 can be placed under or on the sheet 5 or 5 a and have overhanging lateral areas similar to the strips 6, 6 a . These areas are intended to be embedded in the lateral support embankments and may, as the case may be, be bent downwards or not.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows another example of application of the object of the invention in the case of making a buried structure, for example constituted by a tunnel T constructed from an open excavation 14.
  • the excavation 14 is, usually after construction, filled according to the prior art with an embankment material whose mass volume exerts a significant compression stress on the roof 15 of the tunnel T.
  • the excavation 14 is, at least in part, filled by lateral embankments of support 16 which are, substantially, raised up near the ridge of the vault 15.
  • the method of the invention consists then to raise, simultaneously, the lateral support embankments 16 and to constitute, in abutment on the external surface 17 of the arch representing the seat surface 1, a light mass 3 by stacking tires 4 arranged, either in bulk or in stacks, either in superimposed beds or layers matching the seating surface 17.
  • the block 3 is, as before, made stable by the presence of at least one layer 5 covering the stack of tires 4, so as to leave two overhanging side strips 6 which are embedded in the upper mass of the side fill materials support 16.
  • a load distribution layer 8 which can also, if necessary, be associated with a slab 9 or pavement 10 similar to the previous example.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to constitute, above the vault 15, a lightweight backfill body with a significantly reduced density compared to that of traditional backfilling materials. It thus becomes possible to reduce, in large proportions, the compression stresses exerted on the roof 15 and to reduce the mechanical strength characteristics leading to a reduction in the cost of the construction of the tunnel T as a whole.
  • the cohesion of the lightened solid mass 3 is ensured by the layer or layers 5, 5 a thus, possibly, only by the trellis or trellis 12 and also by the presence of embankments lateral 7 or 16.
  • the solid mass 3 can be devoid of lateral embankments or associated with embankments incapable of assuming the transverse blocking function which is partly assigned to them.
  • the cohesion of the block 3 can then be obtained by ensuring the stacking of the tires 4 on a sheet or ply previously placed on the sole 2. This sheet or ply has an area greater than that which must be occupied by the block 3, so that its lateral edges can be raised along the periphery of the massif. In association with the layer (s) 5, 5 a , it thus becomes possible to form an envelope surrounding the block 3 and ensuring the overall cohesion of the tires 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a voluntarily schematic elevation of another example of application of the method of the invention. In this example, it is a question of producing a load-bearing sole 18 which has to be isolated from the structure, itself load-bearing of a building and, for example, of a level slab 19.
  • the slab 19 is produced to form, at least locally, the seat surface 1 according to a horizontal level lower than its general upper surface.
  • the slab 19 thus has, locally, a sort of pit 20 which is occupied, at least in part, by a lightened solid mass 3 constituted as said previously.
  • the block 3 it is preferable to give the block 3 a height less than the depth of the pit 20, so as to be able to fit, at least in part, the base 21 of the sole 18 carried by the block 3 and then also constituting the load distribution layer and, simultaneously, the surface of use.
  • an immobilization layer 5 in the form of a sheet or envelope, as said previously.
  • the layer 5 can also include overhanging bands which can be anchored in the lateral mass of the slab 19 when the latter is formed from the seating surface 1 after the formation of the light mass 3. It can also be provided to have a distribution layer 8 independent over layer 5, possibly associated with a trellis or a reinforcing reinforcement.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible, taking into account the nature of the tires 4, to produce a solid mass 3 having, in addition to its low density associated with high mechanical strength, certain characteristics of thermal and sound insulation, shock absorption, flexibility, vibration filtration and can thus be implemented to achieve, at low cost, a massif 3, each time at least one of the above objectives must be achieved (sports floors, floors, protection of structures against falling blocks, pavements and parking lots ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
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  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

The embankment consists of a massive body (3) comprising tyres (4) without any effective permanent linkage between them, and filling material to form a cellular body of low density. It also includes an immobilizing and anchoring layer (5). Application to the construction of embankments for a highway. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique de la construction au sens général, c'est-à-dire incluant la réalisation de bâtiments ou d'ouvrages, ainsi que les travaux de terrassement, voiries, etc...The present invention relates to the technical field of construction in the general sense, that is to say including the realization of buildings or works, as well as earthworks, roads, etc ...

Dans ce domaine technique, il est fréquemment nécessaire de bâtir des massifs en vue de réaliser des différences de niveau, de surélever un plan ou d'établir une assise de répartition de charge parfois à caractère isolant.In this technical field, it is frequently necessary to build massifs in order to achieve level differences, to raise a plane or to establish a load distribution base, sometimes of an insulating nature.

A titre d'exemples, il convient de citer le remblayage de niveau en cas de constructions enterrées exécutées à partir d'une fouille ouverte, en cas de réalisation d'une aire de stationnement ou d'une voie de circulation s'établissant sur des sites de niveaux différents ou, encore, en cas de construction d'une semelle porteuse surélevée devant présenter des caractéristiques de bonne isolation mécanique, phonique, thermique et/ou acoustique par rapport à une dalle de niveau d'un bâtiment.By way of example, it is worth mentioning level backfilling in the case of buried constructions executed from an open excavation, in the case of the construction of a parking area or a traffic lane established on sites of different levels or, again, in the case of construction of a raised load-bearing base which must have characteristics of good mechanical, sound, thermal and / or acoustic insulation with respect to a level slab of a building.

Jusqu'à présent, la technique de construction de tels massifs a consisté à rapporter, dans la plupart des cas, des matériaux de remblai traditionnels en terre ou analogues dont la masse volumique peut être retenue comme voisine de 2 000 kg/m³. Une telle masse volumique confère une très bonne stabilité aux massifs réalisés, mais pose aussi certains problèmes de charges devant être réparties.Up to now, the technique of construction of such massifs consisted in bringing, in most cases, traditional earth fill materials or the like whose density can be retained as close to 2000 kg / m³. Such a density gives very good stability to the mass produced, but also poses certain problems of loads to be distributed.

Dans le cas de remblaiement d'un ouvrage enterré exécuté à partir d'une fouille ouverte, la masse remblayée exerce, sur la voûte de la construction, une charge très importante qui oblige le constructeur à surdimensionner, pour cette raison, l'ouvrage construit.In the case of backfilling a buried work executed from an open excavation, the backfilled mass exerts, on the roof of the construction, a very significant load which obliges the builder to oversize, for this reason, the built work .

Dans le cas de constructions d'aires de stationnement ou de circulation sur des terrains compressibles, des matériaux de remblai ayant une telle masse volumique ne confèrent pas une grande stabilité aux massifs constitués, en raison des faibles caractéristiques du sol en place. De tels massifs sont générateurs de charges hétérogènes, notamment de compression, induisant des tassements dont l'évolution et la grandeur dans le temps sont difficilement appréciables, sinon en mettant en oeuvre des moyens de contrôle de détection onéreux.In the case of construction of parking or circulation areas on compressible land, backfill materials having such a density do not give great stability to the solid masses formed, due to the weak characteristics of the soil in place. Such massifs are generative heterogeneous loads, including compression, inducing settlements whose evolution and magnitude over time are difficult to assess, if not by implementing expensive detection control means.

De tels matériaux induisent aussi des efforts et des poussées sur les ouvrages en contact ou proches des massifs et, principalement, sur les culées d'ouvrages, les soutènements, etc...Such materials also induce forces and thrusts on structures in contact with or near massifs and, mainly, on structure abutments, supports, etc.

Par ailleurs, un tel procédé n'est pas applicable pratiquement au cas de semelle porteuse surélevée, car la masse volumique de ces matériaux de remblai pénalise la construction du bâtiment et n'apporte pas toujours les caractéristiques d'isolement recherchées (par exemple : terrains de sport, planchers...).Furthermore, such a method is not practically applicable in the case of a raised load-bearing sole, since the density of these fill materials penalizes the construction of the building and does not always provide the desired insulation characteristics (for example: land sports, floors ...).

On a donc cherché à pouvoir réaliser des massifs allégés et souples, de manière à pouvoir réduire les contraintes de charge qu'ils génèrent. Dans ce but, il peut être considéré qu'une proposition acceptable consiste à utiliser, pour la réalisation d'un corps de massif, des matériaux de faible masse volumique, tels que, notamment, du polystyr`gge expansé. La masse volumique de cette matière est, en effet, généralement comprise entre 20 et 40kg/m³, ce qui représente un gain important par rapport aux matériaux de remblai traditionnels.We therefore sought to be able to produce light and flexible massifs, so as to be able to reduce the load constraints that they generate. For this purpose, it can be considered that an acceptable proposition consists in using, for the production of a body of solid mass, materials of low density, such as, in particular, of expanded polystyrene. The density of this material is, in fact, generally between 20 and 40 kg / m³, which represents a significant gain compared to traditional backfill materials.

Les essais et expérimentations qui ont été conduits permettent d'envisager une bonne fiabilité et une longévité acceptable de telles constructions qui sont, toutefois, grandement pénalisées, en raison du coût élevé d'une telle matière première, comparativement aux matériaux de remblai traditionnels.The tests and experiments which have been carried out make it possible to envisage good reliability and acceptable longevity of such constructions which are, however, greatly penalized, because of the high cost of such a raw material, compared to traditional backfill materials.

Il pourrait être considéré que la technique antérieure offre, à partir d'un domaine d'application différent, une autre proposition transposable par l'homme de métier dans le domaine technique concerné par la présente invention.It could be considered that the prior art offers, from a different field of application, another proposal transposable by the skilled person in the technical field concerned by the present invention.

Il s'agit de la proposition d'utiliser, avec des matériaux de remblai, des pneumatiques rebutés de véhicules, notamment automobiles.This is the proposal to use, with backfill materials, scrap tires from vehicles, especially cars.

Cette technique, qui a fait l'objet d'un certain nombre de publications antérieures, telles que FR-1 398 975, AT-352 639, US-A-4 080 793 et FR-2 380 375, consiste à disposer, en couches superposées ou en piles verticales, des pneumatiques usagés ou rebutés qui, dans la plupart des cas, sont reliées entre elles par des liens ou moyens d'ancrage. Les alvéoles, délimités par les pneumatiques et/ou entre les pneumatiques sont ensuite remplis de matériaux de remblaiement qui sont ainsi immobilisés.This technique, which has been the subject of a number of previous publications, such as FR-1 398 975, AT-352 639, US-A-4 080 793 and FR-2 380 375, consists in disposing, in superimposed layers or in vertical piles, used or rejected tires which, in most cases, are linked together by links or anchoring means. The cells, delimited by the tires and / or between the tires are then filled with backfill materials which are thus immobilized.

En fait, une telle technique présente, uniquement, un intérêt dans le cas de réalisations de constructions de soutènement visant à stabiliser les terres. Les alvéoles qui sont ainsi délimités permettent de retenir une masse de soutènement constituée par des matériaux de remblaiement qui sont, en général, de la même origine que les terres à contenir.In fact, such a technique is only of interest in the case of constructions of retaining constructions aimed at stabilizing the land. The cells which are thus delimited make it possible to retain a retaining mass constituted by backfill materials which are, in general, of the same origin as the earth to be contained.

Une telle technique vise donc, principalement, l'immobilisation de masses de soutènement, mais ne permet pas de réduire, de façon significative, la masse volumique de ces dernières. Il s'agit donc d'une technique qui n'est pas appropriée pour atteindre l'objectif de la présente invention qui est celui de permettre la réalisation d'un massif allégé pour réduire les contraintes appliquées, soit aux couches sous-jacentes ou aux bancs les supportant, soit, encore, aux constructions sous-jacentes ou environnantes.Such a technique therefore aims, mainly, the immobilization of retaining masses, but does not make it possible to significantly reduce the density of the latter. It is therefore a technique which is not suitable for achieving the objective of the present invention which is that of making it possible to produce a light mass to reduce the stresses applied, either to the underlying layers or to the benches supporting them, either, again, to the underlying or surrounding constructions.

La présente invention propose, justement, un nouveau procédé de construction d'un massif allégé et souple, répondant exactement à l'objectif visé, en permettant une réalisation à un coût notablement inférieur à celui de toutes les propositions qui ont été formulées dans le même domaine technique.The present invention proposes, precisely, a new process for the construction of a lean and flexible massif, responding exactly to the objective sought, by enabling it to be produced at a cost significantly lower than that of all the proposals which have been made in the same technical area.

Un autre objet de l'invention est de proposer un nouveau procédé de réalisation d'un massif allégé permettant d'utiliser des matériaux qui, ordinairement, constituent des déchets difficilement ou non recyclables.Another object of the invention is to propose a new process for producing a lighter mass making it possible to use materials which, ordinarily, constitute waste which is difficult or not recyclable.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un nouveau procédé de constitution d'un massif allégé offrant, en outre, des propriétés nouvelles supplémentaires, telles que la souplesse, l'isolation phonique, thermique, acoustique, l'amortissement, voire l'équilibre hygrométrique localisé (par rétention d'eau).Another objective of the invention is to propose a new process for constituting a lighter mass offering, in addition, additional new properties, such as flexibility, sound, thermal and acoustic insulation, damping, even localized hygrometric balance (by water retention).

Pour atteindre les buts ci-dessus, le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à :
- constituer le massif au moyen de pneumatiques dépourvus de liaison mutuelle efficace permanente et de matériau de remplissage pour former un corps alvéolaire de faible masse volumique,
- associer le corps ainsi formé à une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage.To achieve the above goals, the method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists in:
- constitute the solid mass by means of tires devoid of permanent effective mutual connection and of filling material to form an alveolar body of low density,
- associate the body thus formed with an immobilization and anchoring layer.

L'invention vise, également, un massif allégé obtenu par la mise en oeuvre du procédé ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a lighter solid mass obtained by implementing the above method.

Diverses autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description faite ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés qui montrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, des formes de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention.

  • La fig. 1 est une coupe transversale d'un massif allégé obtenu selon le principe de l'invention mis en oeuvre dans un exemple d'application.
  • La fig. 2 est une vue en plan partielle prise, sensiblement, selon la ligne II-II de la fig. 1.
  • La fig. 3 est une coupe transversale illustrant, à plus grande échelle, un détail de mise en oeuvre.
  • La fig. 4 est une vue en plan schématique illustrant une variante de réalisation du procédé dans l'exemple selon la fig. 1
  • La fig. 5 est une coupe-élévation transversale montrant, à échelle différente, un autre exemple d'application de l'objet de l'invention.
  • La fig. 6 est une coupe-élévation schématique d'un autre exemple d'application.
Various other characteristics will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting examples, embodiments of the subject of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross section of a lighter solid mass obtained according to the principle of the invention used in an example of application.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial plan view taken substantially along the line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section illustrating, on a larger scale, a detail of implementation.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the method in the example according to FIG. 1
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional elevation showing, on a different scale, another example of application of the object of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional elevation of another example of application.

Les fig. 1 et 2 illustrent un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'objet de l'invention dans le cas de réalisation d'une aire de stationnement ou de circulation en surélévation par rapport à un sol S dont la nature ou la composition lui confère un caractère compressible. De façon à pouvoir exécuter sur un tel sol un remblai permettant de placer l'aire de stationnement ou de circulation au niveau requis, le procédé conforme à l'invention consiste, tout d'abord, à réaliser une surface d'assise dressée î et, dans le cas présent, réglée. Cette surface 1 peut être formée directement par le sol S ou, encore, par une semelle de drainage 2 constituée de toute manière appropriée dans la technique et, notamment, par une couche de graves sableuses propres.Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate an example of implementation of the object of the invention in the case of the construction of a parking or circulation area raised above ground S whose nature or composition gives it character compressible. So as to be able to execute an embankment on such a soil allowing the parking or circulation area to be placed at the required level, the method according to the invention consists, first of all, in producing an upright seating surface î and, in the present case, adjusted. This surface 1 can be formed directly by the ground S or, alternatively, by a drainage base 2 constituted in any suitable manner in the art and, in particular, by a layer of clean sandy sand.

Le procédé de l'invention consiste, ensuite, à élever, sur la surface d'assise 1, un massif allégé 3 formé de pneumatiques rebutés 4 qui sont, dans l'exemple illustré, posés à plat en lits ou couches superposés. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les pneumatiques 4 sont placés en empilements verticaux se jouxtant en quinconce, tel que cela ressort de la fig. 2. Le massif 3 peut être conformé à la manière d'un bloc, régulier ou étagé, comme cela est illustré par la fig. 1.The method of the invention then consists in raising, on the seat surface 1, a light weight 3 formed from discarded tires 4 which are, in the example illustrated, laid flat in beds or superposed layers. According to a preferred embodiment, the tires 4 are placed in vertical stacks adjoining in staggered rows, as shown in FIG. 2. The block 3 can be shaped like a block, regular or stepped, as illustrated in FIG. 1.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, le massif allégé 3 est ensuite recouvert d'une couche 5, telle qu'une nappe ou feuille de matière tissée ou non tissée. A titre d'exemple, la couche 5 peut être constituée par une feuille d'un matériau, tel que celui fréquemment utilisé dans le domaine de la construction pour faciliter les remontées d'eau tout en assurant un confinement et une retenue des matériaux. La nappe 5 peut être constituée, par exemple, par une feuille de matériau commercialisée sous le nom "BIDIM U 44".According to the process of the invention, the lightened solid 3 is then covered with a layer 5, such as a sheet or sheet of woven or non-woven material. By way of example, layer 5 can consist of a sheet of a material, such as that frequently used in the construction field to facilitate upwelling while ensuring containment and retention of materials. The sheet 5 can be constituted, for example, by a sheet of material sold under the name "BIDIM U 44".

La couche 5 est prévue pour assumer une fonction d'immobilisation et d'ancrage du massif 3 pour maintenir une sorte de cohésion ou de confinement volumique des pneumatiques 4 qui sont simplement empilés relativement, sans faire intervenir de liaisons ou d'attaches entre eux. Dans ce but et dans l'exemple illustré, la surface de la nappe 5 est calculée pour laisser subsister, de part et d'autre d'au moins deux côtés opposés du massif 3, deux bandes latérales débordantes 6 dont la fonction apparaît dans ce qui suit.The layer 5 is designed to assume a function of immobilization and anchoring of the mass 3 to maintain a sort of cohesion or volume confinement of the tires 4 which are simply relatively stacked, without involving any links or fasteners between them. For this purpose and in the example illustrated, the surface of the ply 5 is calculated so as to leave, on either side of at least two opposite sides of the solid mass 3, two overhanging lateral bands 6 whose function appears in this following.

La fig. 1 montre qu'il peut être également prévu, dans le même but, de placer, à des niveaux intermédiaires de la hauteur du massif 3, des nappes 5a en un matériau identique ou analogue à celui de la nappe 5 et comportant, au moins, une bande latérale 6a débordante. Ceci peut être le cas, notamment, dans le plan horizontal de chaque niveau étagé, comme cela apparaït à la fig. 1.Fig. 1 shows that it can also be provided, for the same purpose, to place, at intermediate levels of the height of the bed 3, sheets 5 a of a material identical or similar to that of the web 5 and comprising at least one lateral strip 6 has overflowing. This may be the case, in particular, in the horizontal plane of each tiered level, as shown in FIG. 1.

Le massif allégé 3 se présente ainsi sous la forme d'un volume alvéolaire, constitué par les pneumatiques rebutés amoncelés ou empilés, et qui est isolé par la surface î et la ou les nappes 5.The light mass 3 is thus in the form of a honeycomb volume, constituted by discarded tires piled up or stacked, and which is isolated by the surface 1 and the ply (s) 5.

Une autre phase du procédé consiste alors à réaliser, au moins le long des côtés correspondant à la présence des bandes 6 et 6a, des remblais latéraux de soutènement 7 élevés à partir de la surface 1 jusque dans le plan de la nappe supérieure 5. Dans le cas d'application selon la fig. 1, les remblais latéraux de soutènement 7 sont constitués en forme de talus naturels, à partir de matériaux de remblai traditionnels.Another phase of the process then consists in making, at least along the sides corresponding to the presence of the strips 6 and 6 a , lateral support embankments 7 raised from the surface 1 to the plane of the upper ply 5. In the case of application according to fig. 1, the lateral retaining embankments 7 are formed in the form of natural slopes, from traditional embankment materials.

L'exécution des remblais latéraux de souténement et protection 7 est assurée en infléchissant les bandes 6, voire 6a de manière à leur conférer une inclinaison descendante parallαele à la pente naturelle des talus et à les emprisonner à l'intérieur des matériaux constitutifs de ces talus.The execution of the lateral support and protection embankments 7 is ensured by deflecting the strips 6, or even 6 a so as to give them a downward inclination parallel to the natural slope of the slopes and to trap them inside the constituent materials of these Bank.

Les bandes latérales 6, voire 6a, se comportent alors comme des armatures d'immobilisation analogues aux armatures mises en oeuvre dans le principe de la terre armée et confèrent, par la tension exercée sur la ou les nappes, une tenue dans le plan horizontal de cette dernière assurant la cohésion et l'immobilisation du massif allégé 3 par rapport à la surface d'assise 1.The lateral bands 6, or even 6 a , then behave like immobilization armatures similar to the armatures used in the principle of reinforced earth and confer, by the tension exerted on the ply (s), a resistance in the horizontal plane. of the latter ensuring the cohesion and immobilization of the light weight 3 relative to the seat surface 1.

Une autre phase du procédé consiste à recouvrir la couche 5 ainsi que les surfaces supérieures des remblais latéraux de soutènement d'une couche 8 de répartition de charge, par exemple en un matériau semi-concassé.Another phase of the process consists in covering the layer 5 as well as the upper surfaces of the lateral retaining embankments with a layer 8 of load distribution, for example in a semi-crushed material.

La dernière phase du procédé consiste à associer, à la couche 8 de répartition de charge, soit une dalle 9 en béton armé représentant la surface d'usure, de stationnement ou de circulation, soit une chaussée souple 10 bitumineuse.The last phase of the process consists in associating, with the load distribution layer 8, either a reinforced concrete slab 9 representing the surface of wear, parking or circulation, or a flexible bituminous pavement.

Le remblai selon l'invention peut, ensuite, être terminé par l'apport d'une couche de terre arable 11 le long des pentes naturelles des remblais latéraux de soutènement 7.The embankment according to the invention can then be finished by adding a layer of topsoil 11 along the natural slopes of the lateral support embankments 7.

Le procédé décrit ci-dessus, plus particulièrement en relation avec un exemple d'application concernant une chaussée de circulation, par exemple routière, peut, bien entendu, être mis en oeuvre de façon sensiblement analogue pour l'exécution ou la construction d'une plate-forme et, dans un tel cas, la ou les couches 5, 5a, les remblais latéraux de soutènement 7 et les couches de terre végétale 11 sont alors prévus sur tout le périmètre délimitant une telle aire, qu'un tel périmètre soit difini par un pourtour continu, courbe ou, au contraire, par des côtés rectilignes.The method described above, more particularly in relation to an example of application relating to a traffic pavement, for example road, can, of course, be implemented in a substantially analogous manner for the execution or construction of a platform and in such a case, the layer 5, 5a, the side retaining embankments 7 and topsoil layers 11 are then provided on the whole perimeter defining such an area, such perimeter is defined by a continuous, curved periphery or, on the contrary, by rectilinear sides.

La mise en oeuvre de l'objet de l'invention permet de réaliser un massif en formant un corps de remblai, notablement allégé, constitué par des lits ou couches ou empilements de pneumatiques rebutés. Un tel corps représente une masse stable et alvéolaire dont la masse volumique est notablement inférieure à celle des matériaux de remblai traditionnels.The implementation of the object of the invention makes it possible to produce a solid mass by forming an embankment body, notably lightened, constituted by beds or layers or stacks of discarded tires. Such a body represents a stable, alveolar mass, the density of which is significantly lower than that of traditional fill materials.

A titre d'exemple, en site compressible, un remblai de 5 m d'épaisseur (y compris chaussée) conduira à une contrainte au sol quatre fois plus petite que celle d'un remblai qui aurait été formé, constitué ou érigé à partir de matériaux de remblai traditionnels. Un tel remblai allégé présente, en outre, l'avantage de pouvoir être construit rapidement et à un coût très intéressant, en raison de la faible, voire inexistante, valeur marchande des pneumatiques 4. Un autre avantage du procédé tient au fait que sa mise en oeuvre apporte une solution au problème général de pollution que pose l'accumulation de pneumatiques rebutés.For example, in a compressible site, an embankment 5 m thick (including pavement) will lead to a ground stress four times smaller than that of an embankment which would have been formed, constituted or erected from traditional backfill materials. Such a light backfill has, moreover, the advantage of being able to be built quickly and at a very attractive cost, due to the low, or even non-existent, market value of the tires 4. Another advantage of the process is that its use implemented provides a solution to the general pollution problem posed by the accumulation of discarded tires.

La fig. 3 montre une variante de réalisation selon laquelle le massif allégé 3 est constitué de piles ou d'empilements de pneus 4 placés en rangées et en alignement, par opposition à la disposition géométrique en quinconce illustrée par la fig. 2.Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the light weight 3 consists of stacks or stacks of tires 4 placed in rows and in alignment, as opposed to the staggered geometric arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2.

Il doit être considéré que toute autre forme d'amoncellement ou d'empilage peut être retenue et que même, dans certains cas, il est possible de constituer le massif allégé 3 en plaçant les pneus 4 en vrac, selon la loi du hasard résultant de leur déversement.It must be considered that any other form of stacking or stacking can be retained and that even, in certain cases, it is possible to constitute the light mass 3 placing the tires 4 in bulk, according to the law of chance resulting from their dumping.

Dans l'exemple illustré, les pneus 4 apparaissent choisis de mêmes dimensions, de façon à permettre l'obtention de piles ou empilements verticaux réguliers, de section constante.In the example illustrated, the tires 4 appear chosen to be of the same dimensions, so as to allow obtaining regular vertical stacks or stacks, of constant section.

Les pneumatiques 4 pourraient, tout aussi bien, être choisis de dimensions quelconques et empilés selon une présentation tout-venant pour constituer des piles, même irrégulières, dont la stabilité définitive est assurée par la couche 5 et par les remblais latéraux de soutènement 7.The tires 4 could just as easily be chosen of any size and stacked in an all-purpose presentation to constitute piles, even irregular ones, the final stability of which is ensured by the layer 5 and by the lateral support embankments 7.

La fig. 4 montre que chaque nappe 5 peut être associée à un treillis 1 métallique ou non, constituant une armature de tension. Le treillis 12 peut être placé sous ou sur la nappe 5 ou 5a et comporter des plages latérales débordantes analogues aux bandes 6, 6a. Ces plages sont destinées à être noyées dans les remblais latéraux de soutènement et peuvent, selon le cas, être infléchies ou non vers le bas.Fig. 4 shows that each ply 5 can be associated with a lattice 1 metallic or not, constituting a tension reinforcement. The trellis 12 can be placed under or on the sheet 5 or 5 a and have overhanging lateral areas similar to the strips 6, 6 a . These areas are intended to be embedded in the lateral support embankments and may, as the case may be, be bent downwards or not.

La fig. 4, en relation avec la fig. 2, montre qu'il est possible de pratiquer des trous 13, 13₁, soit dans les bandes de roulement, soit dans les flancs pour favoriser, le cas échéant, l'écoulement des eaux d'infiltration. Les trous 13₁ peuvent, dans certains cas, être pratiqués uniquement dans un des flancs de chaque pneumatique placé alors pour que ce flanc soit orienté vers le haut. Dans un tel cas, le flanc inférieur constitue, en quelque sorte, une capacité de rétention partielle des eaux d'infiltration qui peuvent être naturellement restituées par évaporation en fonction des besoins du milieu environnant. Le massif 3 assume alors, en plus, une fonction de régulation du degré hygrométrique des masses environnantes de matériaux rapportés.Fig. 4, in relation to FIG. 2, shows that it is possible to make holes 13, 13₁, either in the treads, or in the sides to promote, if necessary, the flow of infiltration water. The holes 13₁ can, in certain cases, be made only in one of the sidewalls of each tire then placed so that this sidewall is oriented upwards. In such a case, the lower flank constitutes, in a way, a capacity for partial retention of the infiltration water which can be naturally restored by evaporation according to the needs of the surrounding medium. The block 3 then assumes, in addition, a function of regulating the hygrometric degree of the surrounding masses of added materials.

La fig. 5 montre, de façon schématique, un autre exemple d'application de l'objet de l'invention dans le cas de réalisation d'un ouvrage enterré, par exemple constitué par un tunnel T construit à partir d'une fouille ouverte 14. Dans un tel exemple, la fouille 14 est, ordinairement après construction, comblée selon la technique antérieure avec un matériau de remblai dont la masse volumique exerce une contrainte de compression non négligeable sur la voûte 15 du tunnel T.Fig. 5 schematically shows another example of application of the object of the invention in the case of making a buried structure, for example constituted by a tunnel T constructed from an open excavation 14. In such an example, the excavation 14 is, usually after construction, filled according to the prior art with an embankment material whose mass volume exerts a significant compression stress on the roof 15 of the tunnel T.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, la fouille 14 est, en partie au moins, comblée par des remblais latéraux de soutènement 16 qui sont, sensiblement, élevés jusqu'à proximité du faîte de la voûte 15. Le procédé de l'invention consiste alors à élever, simultanément, les remblais latéraux de soutènement 16 et à constituer, en appui sur la surface extérieure 17 de la voûte représentant la surface d'assise 1, un massif allégé 3 par empilement de pneus 4 disposés, soit en vrac, soit en piles, soit en lits ou couches superposés épousant la surface d'assise 17.According to the method of the invention, the excavation 14 is, at least in part, filled by lateral embankments of support 16 which are, substantially, raised up near the ridge of the vault 15. The method of the invention consists then to raise, simultaneously, the lateral support embankments 16 and to constitute, in abutment on the external surface 17 of the arch representing the seat surface 1, a light mass 3 by stacking tires 4 arranged, either in bulk or in stacks, either in superimposed beds or layers matching the seating surface 17.

Le massif 3 est, comme précédemment, rendu stable par la présence d'au moins une couche 5 recouvrant l'empilement de pneumatiques 4, de manière à laisser subsister deux bandes latérales débordantes 6 qui sont noyées dans la masse supérieure des matériaux de remblai latéraux de soutènement 16.The block 3 is, as before, made stable by the presence of at least one layer 5 covering the stack of tires 4, so as to leave two overhanging side strips 6 which are embedded in the upper mass of the side fill materials support 16.

Le comblement de la fouille 14 est ensuite complété par une couche de répartition de charge 8 qui peut aussi, le cas échéant, être associée à une dalle 9 ou chaussée 10 analogue à l'exemple précédent.The filling of the excavation 14 is then completed by a load distribution layer 8 which can also, if necessary, be associated with a slab 9 or pavement 10 similar to the previous example.

Dans cet exemple, il peut être prévu aussi de réaliser le massif allégé 3 de manière étagèe, en l'associant à des nappes 5a intermédiaires, combinées, le cas échéant, à un ou plusieurs treillis d'armature 12.In this example, it can also be expected to achieve the solid reduced 3 in a stepped manner, by associating it with the sheets 5 has intermediate, combined, where appropriate, one or more reinforcing mesh 12.

Le procédé de l'invention permet de constituer, au-dessus de la voûte 15, un corps de remblai allégé de masse volumique nettement réduite par rapport à celle des matériaux traditionnels de remblaiement. Il devient ainsi possible de réduire, dans de grandes proportions, les contraintes de compression s'exerçant sur la voûte 15 et de diminuer les caractéristiques de résistance mécanique conduisant à une réduction du coût de la construction du tunnel T dans son ensemble.The method of the invention makes it possible to constitute, above the vault 15, a lightweight backfill body with a significantly reduced density compared to that of traditional backfilling materials. It thus becomes possible to reduce, in large proportions, the compression stresses exerted on the roof 15 and to reduce the mechanical strength characteristics leading to a reduction in the cost of the construction of the tunnel T as a whole.

Dans les exemples ci-dessus, la cohésion du massif allégé 3 est assurée par la ou les couches 5, 5a ainsi, éventuellement, que par le ou les treillis 12 et aussi par la présence des remblais latéraux 7 ou 16. Dans certains cas, le massif 3 peut être dépourvu de remblais latéraux ou associé à des remblais incapables d'assumer la fonction de blocage transversal qui leur est en partie dévolue. La cohésion du massif 3 peut alors être obtenue en assurant l'empilement des pneumatiques 4 sur une feuille ou nappe préalablement posée sur la semelle 2. Cette feuille ou nappe possède une surface supérieure à celle devant être occupée par le massif 3, de manière que ses bords latéraux puissent être relevés le long de la périphérie du massif. En association avec la ou les couches 5, 5a, il devient ainsi possible de former une enveloppe entourant le massif 3 et assurant la cohésion d'ensemble des pneumatiques 4.In the examples above, the cohesion of the lightened solid mass 3 is ensured by the layer or layers 5, 5 a thus, possibly, only by the trellis or trellis 12 and also by the presence of embankments lateral 7 or 16. In certain cases, the solid mass 3 can be devoid of lateral embankments or associated with embankments incapable of assuming the transverse blocking function which is partly assigned to them. The cohesion of the block 3 can then be obtained by ensuring the stacking of the tires 4 on a sheet or ply previously placed on the sole 2. This sheet or ply has an area greater than that which must be occupied by the block 3, so that its lateral edges can be raised along the periphery of the massif. In association with the layer (s) 5, 5 a , it thus becomes possible to form an envelope surrounding the block 3 and ensuring the overall cohesion of the tires 4.

La fig. 6 est une élévation volontairement schématisée d'un autre exemple d'application du procédé de l'invention. Dans cet exemple, il s'agit de réaliser une semelle porteuse 18 devant être isolée de la structure, elle-même porteuse d'un bâtiment et, par exemple, d'une dalle de niveau 19.Fig. 6 is a voluntarily schematic elevation of another example of application of the method of the invention. In this example, it is a question of producing a load-bearing sole 18 which has to be isolated from the structure, itself load-bearing of a building and, for example, of a level slab 19.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, la dalle 19 est réalisée pour former, au moins localement, la surface d'assise 1 selon un niveau horizontal inférieur à sa surface supérieure générale. La dalle 19 présente ainsi, localement, une sorte de fosse 20 qui est occupée, au moins en partie, par un massif allégé 3 constitué comme dit précédemment.According to the method of the invention, the slab 19 is produced to form, at least locally, the seat surface 1 according to a horizontal level lower than its general upper surface. The slab 19 thus has, locally, a sort of pit 20 which is occupied, at least in part, by a lightened solid mass 3 constituted as said previously.

En général, il est préféable de conférer au massif 3 une hauteur inférieure à la profondeur de la fosse 20, de manière à pouvoir emboîter, au moins en partie, la base 21 de la semelle 18 portée par le massif 3 et constituant alors aussi la couche de répartition de charge et, simultanément, la surface d'utilisation.In general, it is preferable to give the block 3 a height less than the depth of the pit 20, so as to be able to fit, at least in part, the base 21 of the sole 18 carried by the block 3 and then also constituting the load distribution layer and, simultaneously, the surface of use.

Dans certains cas, il peut être prévu de disposer une couche d'immobilisation 5, en forme de nappe ou d'enveloppe, comme dit précédemment. Le cas échéant, la couche 5 peut aussi comporter des bandes débordantes pouvant être ancrées dans la masse latérale de la dalle 19 lorsque cette dernière est constituée à partir de la surface d'assise 1 après formation du massif allégé 3. Il peut aussi être prévu de disposer une couche de répartition 8 indépendante par dessus la couche 5, éventuellement associée à un treillis ou à une armature de renforcement.In some cases, provision may be made to have an immobilization layer 5, in the form of a sheet or envelope, as said previously. If necessary, the layer 5 can also include overhanging bands which can be anchored in the lateral mass of the slab 19 when the latter is formed from the seating surface 1 after the formation of the light mass 3. It can also be provided to have a distribution layer 8 independent over layer 5, possibly associated with a trellis or a reinforcing reinforcement.

Par le procédé de l'invention, il devient ainsi possible de réaliser une semelle supportée et isolée d'une dalle, sans imposer à cette dernière une charge importante résultant de la présence d'une masse de matériaux, dits de remblaiement, de comblement et d'isolation, de nature traditionnelle.By the process of the invention, it thus becomes possible to produce a supported and insulated sole of a slab, without imposing on the latter a significant load resulting from the presence of a mass of materials, known as backfilling, filling and insulation, traditional in nature.

Le procédé de l'invention permet, compte tenu de la nature des pneumatiques 4, de réaliser un massif 3 possédant, en plus de sa faible masse volumique associée à une grande résistance mécanique, des caractéristiques certaines d'isolation thermique et phonique, d'amortissement des chocs, de souplesse, de filtration des vibrations et peut ainsi être mis en oeuvre pour réaliser, à un faible coût, un massif 3, chaque fois que l'un au moins des objectifs ci-dessus doit être atteint (sols sportifs, planchers, protection d'ouvrages contre les chutes de blocs, chaussées et stationnements...).The method of the invention makes it possible, taking into account the nature of the tires 4, to produce a solid mass 3 having, in addition to its low density associated with high mechanical strength, certain characteristics of thermal and sound insulation, shock absorption, flexibility, vibration filtration and can thus be implemented to achieve, at low cost, a massif 3, each time at least one of the above objectives must be achieved (sports floors, floors, protection of structures against falling blocks, pavements and parking lots ...).

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits et représentés, car diverses modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir de son cadre.The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown, since various modifications can be made thereto without departing from its scope.

Claims (16)

1 - Procédé de réalisation d'un massif de construction léger souple et isolant, du type consistant à réaliser une surface d'assise, à constituer sur cette surface un corps de massif au moyen de pneumatiques rebutés et à recouvrir ce corps de massif,
caractérisé en ce qu'il consite à :
- constituer le massif au moyen de pneumatiques dépourvus de liaison mutuelle efficace permanente et de matériau de remplissage pour former un corps alvéolaire de faible masse volumique,
- associer le corps ainsi formé à une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage.1 - Process for producing a flexible and insulating lightweight construction, of the type consisting in producing a seat surface, in constituting on this surface a body of solid by means of discarded tires and in covering this body of solid,
characterized in that it consists in:
- constitute the solid mass by means of tires devoid of permanent effective mutual connection and of filling material to form an alveolar body of low density,
- associate the body thus formed with an immobilization and anchoring layer. 2 - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on entoure le corps de massif avec au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage formant enveloppe.2 - Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the bed surrounds with at least one immobilization and anchoring layer forming an envelope. 3 - Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on associe au corps de massif au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage en laissant subsister des bandes débordant latéralement et en ce qu'on ancre ces bandes dans des matériaux bordant le corps de massif.3 - Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the solid mass is associated with at least one immobilization and anchoring layer, leaving bands which extend laterally and in which these bands are anchored in materials bordering the body of the massif. 4 - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage par dessus le corps de massif.4 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that there is at least one immobilization and anchoring layer over the body of the block. 5 - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage intermédiaire dans la masse du corps de massif.5 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that there is at least one immobilization layer and intermediate anchoring in the mass of the body of the block. 6 - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on associe la couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage à un treillis d'armature.6 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the immobilization and anchoring layer is associated with a reinforcing mesh. 7 - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on recouvre la couche de répartition d'une couche d'usage.7 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distribution layer is covered with a wear layer. 8 - Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on pratique des trous de drainage dans l'enveloppe des pneumatiques.8 - Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that drainage holes are made in the tire casing. 9 - Massif allégé du type constitué par une surface d'assise (1), par un corps de massif (3) constitué par des pneumatiques rebutés (4) posés sur la surface d'assise et par une couche de recouvrement,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
- un corps de massif (3) constitué par des pneumatiques (4) dépourvus de liaison mutuelle efficace permanente et de matériau de remblai pour former un corps alévolaire de faible masse volumique,
- et une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage (5).9 - Lightweight mass of the type constituted by a seat surface (1), by a mass body (3) constituted by discarded tires (4) placed on the seat surface and by a covering layer,
characterized in that it comprises:
- a body of block (3) constituted by tires (4) devoid of permanent effective mutual connection and of backfill material to form an alveolar body of low density,
- And an immobilization and anchoring layer (5). 10 - Massif allégé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est associé à au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage (5) l'enrourant à la manière d'une enveloppe.10 - Lightweight mass according to claim 9, characterized in that it is associated with at least one immobilization and anchoring layer (5) surrounding it in the manner of an envelope. 11- Massif allégé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est associé à au moins une couche d'immobilisation et d'ancrage (5) possédant des bandes (6) débordantes qui sont ancrées dans des matériaux (7 ou 16) bordant le corps de massif.11- Lightweight mass according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it is associated with at least one immobilization and anchoring layer (5) having strips (6) projecting which are anchored in materials (7 or 16) bordering the body of the massif. 12 - Massif allégé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une couche (5) étendue par dessus le corps de massif (3).12 - Lightweight mass according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a layer (5) extended over the body of mass (3). 13 - Massif allégé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une couche (5a) intermédiaire disposée dans l'épaisseur du corps de massif.13 - Massive embankment according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one layer (5a) disposed in the intermediate thickness of the solid body. 14 - Massif allégé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la couche (5, 5a) est associée à un treillis d'armature.14 - Lightweight mass according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the layer (5, 5 a ) is associated with a reinforcing mesh. 15 - Massif allégé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une couche d'usage (10) recouvrant la couche de répartition.15 - Lightweight mass according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a wear layer (10) covering the distribution layer. 16 - Massif allégé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps de massif (3) formé de pneumatiques rebutés (4) présentant des trous de drainage (13, 13₁) dans leurs enveloppes.16 - Lightweight solid mass according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a solid body (3) formed of discarded tires (4) having drainage holes (13, 13₁) in their envelopes.
EP86420223A 1985-09-06 1986-09-04 Method of forming a light, supple and insulated embankment, and embankment thus formed Expired - Lifetime EP0220996B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86420223T ATE58931T1 (en) 1985-09-06 1986-09-04 PROCESS FOR MAKING A LIGHTWEIGHT, SUPPLE AND INSULATING INSULATION BODY AND INSULATION BODY THUS MANUFACTURED.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8513439 1985-09-06
FR8513439A FR2587051B1 (en) 1985-09-06 1985-09-06 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A LIGHTWEIGHT, FLEXIBLE AND INSULATING CONSTRUCTION MASS AND THE MASSIVE MATERIAL OBTAINED

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220996A1 true EP0220996A1 (en) 1987-05-06
EP0220996B1 EP0220996B1 (en) 1990-12-05

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EP86420223A Expired - Lifetime EP0220996B1 (en) 1985-09-06 1986-09-04 Method of forming a light, supple and insulated embankment, and embankment thus formed

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EP (1) EP0220996B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE58931T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3676044D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2587051B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2727881A1 (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-14 Gil Xavier Method for constructing artificial slopes
FR2820442A1 (en) 2001-02-02 2002-08-09 France Etat Ponts Chaussees PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A REINFORCED BACKFILL MASS
FR2835266A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-08-01 Pneuresil Applic Construction method for protective working against moving mass impact comprises forming heavy body and placing inertia mass made of stacks of tires with elastic reactivity perpendicular to moving mass movement direction

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3837681A1 (en) * 1988-11-05 1990-05-10 Guenter Frohn METHOD FOR PACKING A TRACK
FR2639663B1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1992-04-10 Jacques Perrin METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING A LIGHTWEIGHT AND FLEXIBLE CONSTRUCTION MASS FROM ELEMENTARY BLOCKS OF FRAGMENTS OF COMPRESSED MATERIALS

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1398975A (en) * 1964-04-03 1965-05-14 Method of constitution of retaining gabions
US4080793A (en) * 1975-04-10 1978-03-28 Pulsifer Ernest K Method and apparatus for using automotive tires as earth engineering devices
FR2380375A1 (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-09-08 Schuhmann Brigitte PROTECTIVE FILL, IN PARTICULAR AGAINST NOISE, FORM OF OLD MOTOR VEHICLE TIRES
AT352639B (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-09-25 Gloessl Johann SHORE SHORING
US4188153A (en) * 1976-03-31 1980-02-12 Taylor John E Formation of barriers
AT366440B (en) * 1978-06-07 1982-04-13 Gloessl Johann SHORE CONSTRUCTION FOR FLOWING WATERS

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1398975A (en) * 1964-04-03 1965-05-14 Method of constitution of retaining gabions
US4080793A (en) * 1975-04-10 1978-03-28 Pulsifer Ernest K Method and apparatus for using automotive tires as earth engineering devices
AT352639B (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-09-25 Gloessl Johann SHORE SHORING
US4188153A (en) * 1976-03-31 1980-02-12 Taylor John E Formation of barriers
FR2380375A1 (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-09-08 Schuhmann Brigitte PROTECTIVE FILL, IN PARTICULAR AGAINST NOISE, FORM OF OLD MOTOR VEHICLE TIRES
AT366440B (en) * 1978-06-07 1982-04-13 Gloessl Johann SHORE CONSTRUCTION FOR FLOWING WATERS

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2727881A1 (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-14 Gil Xavier Method for constructing artificial slopes
FR2820442A1 (en) 2001-02-02 2002-08-09 France Etat Ponts Chaussees PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A REINFORCED BACKFILL MASS
FR2835266A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-08-01 Pneuresil Applic Construction method for protective working against moving mass impact comprises forming heavy body and placing inertia mass made of stacks of tires with elastic reactivity perpendicular to moving mass movement direction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE58931T1 (en) 1990-12-15
FR2587051B1 (en) 1988-03-04
EP0220996B1 (en) 1990-12-05
FR2587051A1 (en) 1987-03-13
DE3676044D1 (en) 1991-01-17

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