EP0220980B1 - Formation of loads of fibrous thermal insulation materials - Google Patents

Formation of loads of fibrous thermal insulation materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0220980B1
EP0220980B1 EP86402104A EP86402104A EP0220980B1 EP 0220980 B1 EP0220980 B1 EP 0220980B1 EP 86402104 A EP86402104 A EP 86402104A EP 86402104 A EP86402104 A EP 86402104A EP 0220980 B1 EP0220980 B1 EP 0220980B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
stack
compression
modules
process according
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Expired
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EP86402104A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0220980A1 (en
Inventor
Guy Tuffal
Maurice Morel
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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Saint Gobain Isover SA France
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B63/00Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B63/02Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/07Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the formation of bundles of compressible fibrous insulation.
  • the packaging methods proposed so far are surrounded by maximum precautions.
  • One of the precautions consists in particular in carrying out the compression under well controlled deformation conditions.
  • the insulating felts are for example cut into panels which are superimposed at a rate of 3 to 20 and then compressed in an enclosure whose movable wall carrying out the compression is applied over the entire face of the panel disposed at the end of the stack. .
  • the orientation of the compression and the deformations caused thus develop regularly inside the product avoiding deterioration thereof.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a packaging technique which better meets these requirements with, moreover, better ease of adaptation to the various products considered, lower cost, possibility of splitting the burdens at the time of their use.
  • the invention also proposes to provide a packaging capable of being implemented from coated modular elements, whatever the nature of the coating.
  • the packaging of fibrous insulating products includes at least the installation of a heat-shrinkable envelope.
  • This envelope is most often the one that covers the burden created. In this case, its role is usually twofold. It contributes to the cohesion of the burden and protects it in particular against humidity when it is not stored under shelter.
  • Patent application EP 119 032 has proposed sealing, preferably by ultrasound, protective envelopes for compressible products of the cushion type, but this technique is only proposed for obtaining a primary envelope, without association with the subsequent production of bundles. .
  • the envelope which it is desired to retract must not come into contact with a coating or a primary envelope capable of adhering under the operating conditions. For this reason, it is necessary when such contact is likely to occur, to interpose separating elements.
  • cardboard sheets are often used which simultaneously give the rigidity properties necessary to maintain the product in the compressed state or to give it its precise shape. Nevertheless, the use of these intermediate forms is an important factor in the cost of packaging that, according to the invention; we strive to eliminate.
  • the film is stretched over the compressed products.
  • the film is sealed and the compression released.
  • the burden is made up of these elements encircled in a film strong enough to keep the products in a compressed state.
  • the stacking of the elements is carried out so that the elements rest on each other by faces of these elements which have not been subjected to a compression operation during the belting.
  • the various elements of the burden gathered in several superimposed layers are banded with a stretch film.
  • the burdens according to the invention have the advantage of the absence of rigid assembly means. According to the invention, it is the very reaction of the products which leads to obtaining a sufficiently flat stacking surface. Whereas, according to EP-A-72 302, obtaining a flat surface and protecting from the weather are two functions performed by separate elements.
  • the limited deformations are located at the periphery of the load and do not interfere with regular stacking. of these elements on top of each other.
  • the belted element, or module is of such size that it is necessary to bring together at least two to constitute the same layer of a burden, each burden comprising at least two superposed layers.
  • This operation consists of wrapping the burden with a strip wound in a spiral, making sure that the successive turns partially overlap.
  • the wrapping is carried out in the traditional way with an extensible film. Its installation under a certain tension ensures its perfect adhesion to the wrapped product whatever the shape of the latter.
  • the self-adhesive character of the wrapping film also facilitates the fixing of the leader of the strip when it is laid on the bundle.
  • the end is held by a clamp during the first turns. Then, the adhesion of the turns on each other is enough to keep the film in place.
  • the winding of the strip can follow a progression taking into account variable properties required according to the height of the burden at which one is located. A pitch of the turns tighter at the locations which must ensure a particular mechanical resistance can be achieved.
  • a double wrapping is carried out. After a first winding from top to bottom or from bottom to top, a second winding without interruption is carried out in reverse.
  • the wrapping can also be used to fix the pallet to a pallet facilitating its transport by traditional mechanized means such as forklifts.
  • the burden or more precisely the elements which will constitute it are placed on a pallet.
  • we proceed to the wrapping. The latter is carried out over the entire height of the burden including the pallet by enveloping it sufficiently so that the resistance of the film (or of the superimposed layers thereof) constitutes a sufficient link, securing the pallet to the rest of the burden.
  • the wrapping film can be subjected to a tension which varies according to its location on the wrapped bundle. In the case of the invention, it is thus possible to reduce the tension exerted at the corners of the load. This avoids compression of these corners, or ovalization of the burden and the product degradation that may result.
  • Wrapping can still be used to form a virtually weatherproof package when the burden is to be stored or transported without other protection.
  • a cap constituted for example by a plastic sheet which overflows the load enough to be folded down on the side faces.
  • the seal is obtained at the junction between the turns by carrying out the wrapping in an upward direction. Even if the adhesion of the turns to each other leaves interstices through which water could be introduced into the burden, the "scales" arrangement opposes this penetration.
  • the cap is held on the burden by the wrapping itself.
  • the cap is deposited without breaking the film and the winding is continued to cover the folded edges of the cap.
  • the cap When a complete double winding is carried out, the cap is placed between the upward winding and the downward winding.
  • a protective sheet maintained by the wrapping film.
  • the edges of this sheet are either raised on the sides of the burden, or more simply when the burden is placed on a pallet, folded over the edges of the pallet and wrapped at the same time as the latter.
  • FIG. 1 shows the formation of a roll of glass fiber insulation felt according to the traditional mode as described for example in French patent application No. 2,553,744.
  • Fiber felt 1 usually comes directly from a production line.
  • the winding of the felt without deterioration is possible when its density before compression is not too high.
  • the coiled felts In the compressed state, the coiled felts generally have a density which is not greater than 65 kg / m 3 .
  • coiled felts do not, before compression, have a density greater than 30 kg / m 3 .
  • the denser felts are preferably packaged in the form of more or less compressible flat panels.
  • the felt 1 is wound on itself, in the example shown, between two conveyor belts 2, 3 and a roller 4. According to the mode described in the aforementioned patent application, the compression of the felt in the roller 5 is ensured by a programmed movement of the roller 4.
  • a sheet 6 of paper or of plastic material envelops the roll formed.
  • This sheet intended to maintain the roller 5 in the compressed state which is imposed on it, is bonded to itself in a known manner for example by a line of glue or by heat-sealing.
  • a sheet of a heat-shrinkable polymer for example a sheet of polyethylene, is used as the envelope for each roll.
  • a heat-shrinkable sheet slightly wider than the roll, it is possible to at least partially protect the ends of the roll.
  • the ends of the envelope are subjected to a heat treatment.
  • the resulting retraction in fact folds the parts of the sheet which project on each side of the roll on the ends of the latter. These ends are thus protected against deterioration which could arise from subsequent handling.
  • the roll covered with its envelope (if necessary retracted) is then led into a device making it possible to join several of these rolls into a modular element intended to form the burden.
  • the rolls are routed by traditional automatic means to a stacker 7 ( Figure 2).
  • This stacker comprises means controlling the intake 38 which, coupled with counting means not shown, allows attempt to form batches of a specified number of rollers in the stacker.
  • the walls 9 of the stacker are preferably adjustable, for example by means of jacks arranged laterally.
  • the space offered to the rollers is delimited in length by a front stop.
  • This stop is also adjustable according to the length of the rollers.
  • This device 11 is formed by two vertical walls 12, adjustable like the walls 9 of the stacker.
  • rollers are held by stops not shown.
  • This device is closed by a movable wall 48 whose translational movements are ensured by means such as a jack 14 or similar means.
  • the inlet of the device 11 is opened and closed by means 46, 47 which can form a stop capable of supporting the compression force which is imposed on the rollers 5.
  • a double belt film 16 is placed at the entrance to the device 11. It takes place from the reels 17.
  • rollers 42, 43 on which these two films pass are driven in the same opening and closing movement as the stop rollers 46, 47 to allow the felt rollers 5 to enter the device 11.
  • a welding assembly for the two films is placed immediately above the stop rollers.
  • the rolls or, in FIG. 9, the packages of parallelepiped shape transported for example by a conveyor belt 37 are present at the entrance of the stacker 7 flat and in the direction of their length.
  • the first package is driven above the stacker and by sliding on two retractable arms 38, comes to bear on the front stop 36.
  • the upper arms 38 close immediately to receive the second package and the previous cycle is reproduced until the number of packages programmed for the formation of a module is reached.
  • the lower arms 39 of the stacker disappear and all of the packages contained in the stacker descend by gravity onto the belt film 16 stretched between the two sets of pinch rollers 40, 41, and resting on film guide rollers 42, 43.
  • the guide rollers are integral with the assembly, not shown, supporting sealing bars 44, 45 and two movable roller stops 46, 47. Depending on its position, this assembly releases or closes the input of the device 11.
  • the two pinch roller assemblies 40, 41 deliver the film 16 as the module descends between the adjustable walls 12 of the device 11.
  • the two upper stops 46, 47 close (left part of FIG. 9) and the pinch rollers 40, 41 stop the unwinding of the belt film.
  • a new batch batch formation cycle is started in the stacker 7.
  • the walls 12 can deviate slightly, the bottom of the device moves vertically from bottom to top driven by a mechanical chain system, not shown, controlled by a motor-variator.
  • This system can be replaced by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 14.
  • the packages forming the module are then compressed between the stops 46, 47 and the conveyor 48.
  • the conveyor 48 stops.
  • the puppets 49, 50 helped by the pinch rollers 40, 41 and the rollers of the stops 46, 47 continue to bring back the excess film until a detection system, placed on the puppets 49, 50 (same length of film to be brought back for the same number of packages at the same compression) controls their stopping. The film is thus stretched over the module.
  • the sealing bars 44, 45 are closed on the two strands of film which are welded, then cut by a cold cutting system.
  • the support belt is made.
  • the bars of welding 44, 45 open and the jacks 49, 50 recover the "residual slack of the film after separation of the pinch rollers 40, 41. The latter then close while awaiting a new package.
  • the conveyor 48 on which the module now rests surrounded by its belt, descends to its starting level to evacuate the package to the stacking table.
  • the films 16 surrounding the modular element extend over the major part of the packages.
  • the belt thus produced resting on a large surface does not tend to penetrate the felt. It is therefore not necessary to have rigid protective elements between these means which surround the packages and the packages themselves, as is the case in the prior techniques using strapping by means of thin links.
  • the belt covers at least two thirds of the length of the packages.
  • the film used is advantageously a polyethylene film, of thickness between 40 and 100 micrometers.
  • the compression which is imposed varies according to the compression ratio at the winding. It goes without saying that the higher the initial compression ratio, the lower the deformation which can be imposed without altering the quality of the felts. However, even for very high compression ratios during winding, some deformation is possible during the formation of the module. In general, the reduction in volume following compression and belting of the module can be as low as 7% or less for the most previously compressed products. For the others, the compression can be higher but preferably does not exceed 20%.
  • the compression of the rollers in all cases forms flats in the areas where they are in contact with each other. This deformation ensures good stability of the module provided that the number of rollers is not too high.
  • the number of rollers should not exceed 6 and preferably is 3 or 4.
  • the traditional dimensions of the rolls and those of the bundles formed control these numbers.
  • the diameter of the rollers is usually between 600 mm and 300 mm.
  • a typical example according to the invention corresponds to felts with a density 11.5 kg / m 3 at the nominal thickness (that is to say guaranteed for use) of 80 mm and 9 m in length. These felts are wound with a compression ratio of 5.7 in rolls with a diameter of approximately 400 mm, which are assembled in modular elements comprising 4 rolls.
  • the belt film reduces all four rollers to a height of 1550 mm, i.e. less than 5% compression. Stability in this case results from the friction which is exerted between the belt film and the envelope of the rollers and also from deformations of the rollers themselves.
  • the modular elements in the form presented in FIG. 1, are removed laterally from the compression device and are taken up by a conveyor 21. They are brought flat to a lifting table 22 on which several modules are stacked by traditional means automatic handling.
  • an adhesive can be applied to their contacting faces.
  • the adhesive is preferably located on the film surrounding each module.
  • a stack of modules on their face is less stable for the formation of high loads than that corresponding to the rollers in vertical position.
  • the rollers are less deformable under the effect of a load in the direction of their length.
  • a group of modules constituted as indicated above is then preferably arranged vertically by tilting.
  • the layer of modules thus formed, in which the rollers are arranged vertically, is gripped by means of a gripper 24 and deposited on a pallet 25.
  • a gripper 24 is gripped by means of a gripper 24 and deposited on a pallet 25.
  • this layer that is to say the height of the rollers in vertical position, 2 or more layers are superimposed.
  • the vertical stability of the assembly produced under these conditions is such that after formation of the burden, as will be indicated below, it is possible without risk of collapse, to stack several burdens on the storage areas.
  • the pallet carrying the set of two superimposed layers of modules passes over a traditional type wrapping machine.
  • This machine shown diagrammatically at 23 comprises a rotary table 26 along a vertical axis.
  • the wrapping machine comprises a plate 33 movable in the vertical direction. This plate is applied to the top of the load which it maintains in position during the operation. To this end, the pressure plate is movable in rotation along the same axis as that of the rotary table 26.
  • a frame supports a vertically movable carriage.
  • the carriage carries an arm on which is disposed a reel 27 and a pre-stretching and tension regulation system making it possible to apply the film with a determined tension on the bundle.
  • This tension as indicated previously, can be variable so as for example to reduce the compression at the corners of the load.
  • this type of traditional machine allows the end of the film to be placed on the load to be wrapped, the rotation of the load driven by the rotary table with simultaneous progression of the carriage carrying the reel in a vertical direction.
  • the speed of progression is also adjustable which makes it possible to vary the overlap of the successive turns, and in general the vertical movement can be programmed so that the progression takes place in a differentiated manner according to the level of the load concerned.
  • This type of machine also allows the automatic installation of a cap at the top of the load.
  • the fitting of the cap is carried out by an assembly arranged on a mobile carriage moving on a horizontal rail.
  • the assembly of the rail and the carriage which it carries is fixed on the vertical frame and can be adjusted according to the height of the burden to be covered.
  • the carriage carries a reel for the film constituting the cap and means for cutting the film.
  • the pressure plate is raised (in dotted position in Figures 2 and 6), the carriage and its reel, shown diagrammatically at 54, pass over the burden by unrolling the film which covers the top of the burden.
  • the carriage having placed the film, it is cut and is completely detached from the assembly carried by the carriage to deposit on the burden.
  • the pressure plate 33 is then lowered to maintain the burden again.
  • the fitting of the cap 55 can be carried out advantageously after the upward wrapping and before the downward wrapping to maintain it while making a coating protecting the burden against the weather.
  • a polyethylene film 20 micrometers thick and 500 mm wide is advantageously used.
  • the thickness of the film is chosen so that it lends itself to a certain extension.
  • a thickness of between 15 and 25 micrometers is chosen.
  • This film is wound in coils which overlap for half. A double upward and downward winding is carried out with the installation at the top of a polyethylene cap of 50 to 180 micrometers.
  • the stability of the assembly thus constituted is remarkable. It allows the stacking of two loads one on the other without the addition of any intermediate element.
  • the solidity of the assembly is such that it allows transport on flat wagons with the simple fixing of straps passed through "stanchions”.
  • the burden of the type of the invention has the advantage of being able to be successively broken down into layers then into modules and rolls as and when required, the part of the burden not used remaining in the form of an assembly stable.
  • the product consists of rectangular felt panels.
  • These panels are grouped in unit packages in which they are compressed. Traditionally, this brings together in a single envelope 3 to 20 panels per package.
  • the number of panels is preferably such that the height of the panels (that is to say the sum of the thicknesses) in the compressed state is not greater than the width of these panels. This makes it possible to avoid deformations of the packages which would be detrimental to the formation of the modules and then stable burdens.
  • the compression ratio in the unit packages does not usually exceed 2 and is most often around 1 , 5.
  • the panels delivered by a stacker 28 in predetermined number are compressed between two converging conveyors 29 and 30. At the end of this compression, they are wrapped in a shrinkable polymer sheet while being kept in the compressed state.
  • the polymer shell is formed from of a double sheet coming from the reels 31.
  • the double sheet previously welded, is driven by the progression of the panels.
  • the two sheets are folded over the rear face of the assembly and are welded at the end.
  • the sheets are welded to each other along two very close parallel lines.
  • the sheets are cut between the two weld lines.
  • the package thus formed, the envelope is retracted at the ends by heating.
  • the packages thus wrapped are directed as before to a stacker 7 and a device 11 for the constitution of a modular element 32 ( Figure 6).
  • the same installation is used for the rolls and for the packages of panels if necessary by modifying the dimensions by means of the adjustable side walls and the longitudinal stops.
  • the main difference at this stage of packaging comes from the fact that it is advantageous for the formation of the module to carry out a substantial additional compression of the panels.
  • the belt of the modules is not subjected to thermal shrinkage.
  • the compression is obtained by the play of the device 11.
  • a compression is imposed slightly greater than that which one wants to establish in the module to be formed, then after having welded the film intended to form the belt, the pressure by the movable wall 13 being released, the belted packages stretch the film which maintains adequate compression.
  • the modules are made up of 3 unit packages. In other advantageous examples, the modules consist of 4 or 5 packages.
  • modules are stacked on a pallet by gripping arms, in a determined number, so as to constitute a burden of dimensions suitable for storage and transport.
  • the burden created is then wrapped under the same conditions as above ( Figure 8).
  • the wrapping is carried out under the same conditions as for the rolls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à la formation de fardeaux d'isolants fibreux compressibles.The invention relates to the formation of bundles of compressible fibrous insulation.

On sait les problèmes posés par ces isolants fibreux. Ce sont des produits très volumineux pour une masse limitée et dont le stockage et le transport sont relativement coûteux surtout compte tenu de leur valeur.We know the problems posed by these fibrous insulators. These are very bulky products for a limited mass and whose storage and transport are relatively expensive especially given their value.

Très tôt une solution envisagée pour limiter ces problèmes a consisté à maintenir les produits à l'état comprimé depuis leur conditionnement jusqu'à leur utilisation. Dans les méthodes proposées, il est nécessaire de tenir compte de la relative « fragilité du produit. Les déformations occasionnées lors de la compression ne doivent pas altérer la capacité de reprise du volume initial au déconditionnement. De cette reprise d'épaisseur dépendent en effet les qualités isolantes de ces produits.Very early on, a solution envisaged to limit these problems consisted in keeping the products in a compressed state from their packaging to their use. In the proposed methods, it is necessary to take into account the relative “brittleness of the product. The deformations caused during compression must not affect the resumption of the initial volume upon deconditioning. On this thickness recovery depend indeed the insulating qualities of these products.

Pour ces raisons, les méthodes de conditionnement proposées jusqu'à présent s'entourent d'un maximum de précautions. Une des précautions consiste en particulier à effectuer la compression dans des conditions de déformation bien maîtrisées. Pour cela les feutres isolants sont par exemple découpés en panneaux lesquels sont superposés à raison de 3 à 20 puis comprimés dans une enceinte dont la paroi mobile effectuant la compression s'applique sur toute la face du panneau disposé à l'extrémité de l'empilement. L'orientation de la compression et les déformations occasionnées se développent ainsi de façon régulière à l'intérieur du produit évitant une détérioration de celui-ci.For these reasons, the packaging methods proposed so far are surrounded by maximum precautions. One of the precautions consists in particular in carrying out the compression under well controlled deformation conditions. For this, the insulating felts are for example cut into panels which are superimposed at a rate of 3 to 20 and then compressed in an enclosure whose movable wall carrying out the compression is applied over the entire face of the panel disposed at the end of the stack. . The orientation of the compression and the deformations caused thus develop regularly inside the product avoiding deterioration thereof.

Il a été également proposé de modifier cette méthode et de fractionner la compression en plusieurs étapes, comme dans la demande de brevet européen EP-A-72302. Le plus important néanmoins, pour ce qui concerne le conditionnement, est qu'il est nécessaire de prévoir l'utilisation de formes parfaitement définies et de matériaux de conditionnement offrant une certaine rigidité pour conférer aux fardeaux confectionnés . à partir des produits comprimés toute la stabilité requise tant dans la mise en forme qu'ultérieurement pour le stockage et le transport.It has also been proposed to modify this method and to split the compression into several stages, as in the European patent application EP-A-72302. The most important nonetheless, with regard to packaging, is that it is necessary to provide for the use of perfectly defined shapes and packaging materials offering a certain rigidity in order to impart to the made-up burdens. from the compressed products all the stability required both in shaping and subsequently for storage and transport.

A ces contraintes s'ajoute le cas échéant la nécessité d'utiliser un conditionnement étanche à l'humidité et dont les opérations de manutention se fassent aussi simplement que possible.To these constraints is added, where appropriate, the need to use moisture-tight packaging, the handling operations of which are carried out as simply as possible.

Le but de l'invention est de fournir une technique de conditionnement répondant mieux à ces exigences avec en outre une meilleure facilité d'adaptation aux différents produits considérés, un coût moindre, une possibilité de fractionnement des fardeaux au moment de leur utilisation.The object of the invention is to provide a packaging technique which better meets these requirements with, moreover, better ease of adaptation to the various products considered, lower cost, possibility of splitting the burdens at the time of their use.

Par ailleurs, l'invention se propose aussi de fournir un conditionnement capable d'être mis en oeuvre à partir d'éléments modulaires revêtus, quelle que soit la nature du revêtement.Furthermore, the invention also proposes to provide a packaging capable of being implemented from coated modular elements, whatever the nature of the coating.

A l'heure actuelle, les conditionnements de produits fibreux isolants comprennent au moins la mise en place d'une enveloppe thermorétractable. Cette enveloppe est le plus souvent celle qui recouvre le fardeau constitué. Dans ce cas, son rôle est habituellement double. Elle contribue à la cohésion du fardeau et le protège notamment contre l'humidité lorsqu'il n'est pas stocké sous abri. La demande de brevet EP 119 032 a proposé de sceller de préférence par ultrasons des enveloppes de protection de produits compressibles du type coussins, mais cette technique est seulement proposée pour l'obtention d'une enveloppe primaire, sans association avec la réalisation ultérieure de fardeaux.At present, the packaging of fibrous insulating products includes at least the installation of a heat-shrinkable envelope. This envelope is most often the one that covers the burden created. In this case, its role is usually twofold. It contributes to the cohesion of the burden and protects it in particular against humidity when it is not stored under shelter. Patent application EP 119 032 has proposed sealing, preferably by ultrasound, protective envelopes for compressible products of the cushion type, but this technique is only proposed for obtaining a primary envelope, without association with the subsequent production of bundles. .

Dans les modes de réalisation actuels de ces fardeaux, l'enveloppe que l'on veut rétracter ne doit pas entrer en contact avec un revêtement ou une enveloppe primaire susceptible d'adhérer dans les conditions opératoires. Pour cette raison, il est nécessaire lorsqu'un tel contact est susceptible de se produire, d'interposer des éléments de séparation. On utilise souvent dans ce cas des feuilles de carton qui simultanément confèrent les propriétés de rigidité nécessaire pour maintenir le produit à l'état comprimé ou lui donner sa forme précise. Néanmoins, l'utilisation de ces formes intercalaires est un facteur important du coût du conditionnement que, selon l'invention; on s'efforce d'éliminer.In the current embodiments of these burdens, the envelope which it is desired to retract must not come into contact with a coating or a primary envelope capable of adhering under the operating conditions. For this reason, it is necessary when such contact is likely to occur, to interpose separating elements. In this case, cardboard sheets are often used which simultaneously give the rigidity properties necessary to maintain the product in the compressed state or to give it its precise shape. Nevertheless, the use of these intermediate forms is an important factor in the cost of packaging that, according to the invention; we strive to eliminate.

En plus pour l'utilisateur, tous ces éléments de conditionnement constituent des déchets extrêmement volumineux dont la destruction peut soulever des difficultés sur les sites de mise en œuvre.In addition to the user, all of these packaging elements constitute extremely bulky waste, the destruction of which can raise difficulties on the implementation sites.

Selon l'invention on réalise un procédé conforme à la revendication 1 délimitée à l'égard de EP-A-72 302.According to the invention, a process is carried out in accordance with claim 1 delimited with regard to EP-A-72 302.

De préférence le film est tendu sur les produits comprimés. Le film est scellé et la compression relâchée. Le fardeau est constitué à partir de ces éléments ceinturés dans un film suffisamment résistant pour maintenir les produits à l'état comprimé. Dans le fardeau l'empilage des éléments est réalisé de façon que les éléments reposent les uns sur les autres par des faces de ces éléments n'ayant pas été soumises à une opération de compression lors du ceinturage. Enfin, de préférence, les différents éléments du fardeau rassemblés en plusieurs couches superposées sont banderolés avec un film étirable.Preferably the film is stretched over the compressed products. The film is sealed and the compression released. The burden is made up of these elements encircled in a film strong enough to keep the products in a compressed state. In the burden the stacking of the elements is carried out so that the elements rest on each other by faces of these elements which have not been subjected to a compression operation during the belting. Finally, preferably, the various elements of the burden gathered in several superimposed layers are banded with a stretch film.

Par rapport aux fardeaux connus de la demande de brevet EP-A-72 032, les fardeaux selon l'invention présentent l'avantage de l'absence de moyens d'assemblage rigides. Selon l'invention c'est la réaction même des produits qui conduit à l'obtention de surface de gerbage suffisamment plane. Alors que selon EP-A-72 302 l'obtention de surface plane et la protection des intempéries sont deux fonctions réalisées par des éléments distincts.Compared with the burdens known from patent application EP-A-72 032, the burdens according to the invention have the advantage of the absence of rigid assembly means. According to the invention, it is the very reaction of the products which leads to obtaining a sufficiently flat stacking surface. Whereas, according to EP-A-72 302, obtaining a flat surface and protecting from the weather are two functions performed by separate elements.

Dans la succession des opérations ainsi définies et aboutissant au fardeau, seuls les produits unitaires ou préregroupés peuvent faire l'objet d'un emballage sous film thermorétracté. Toutes les opérations ultérieures se font mécaniquement de telle sorte qu'il n'y a pas de risque de collage entre les différents films ou enveloppes mis en oeuvre au cours des étapes successives du conditionnement.In the succession of operations thus defined and leading to the burden, only unitary or pre-grouped products can be wrapped in heat-shrunk film. All subsequent operations are done mechanically so that there is no risk of sticking between the different films or envelopes used during the successive stages of packaging.

Pour cette raison, également selon l'invention, il n'y a aucune restriction quant au choix des matériaux utilisables pour la première enveloppe ou revêtement du produit fibreux. On peut indifféremment utiliser des papiers kraft ou des films plastiques, notamment en PVC ou en polyéthylène.For this reason, also according to the invention, there is no restriction as to the choice of materials which can be used for the first envelope or coating of the fibrous product. It is equally possible to use kraft papers or plastic films, in particular PVC or polyethylene.

Dans le conditionnement selon l'invention aucun élément de rigidification n'est requis pour constituer les fardeaux. Dans les techniques antérieures, la nécessité d'avoir recours à ces éléments de rigidification provenait de ce que l'ultime compression était effectuée sur des ensembles de grand volume correspondant par exemple au demi-fardeau final. Dans ces conditions, les déformations de ces volumes sous l'effet de la réaction des produits comprimés étaient telles qu'elles pouvaient compromettre la stabilité du fardeau (et sa gerbabilité ultérieure).In the packaging according to the invention, no stiffening element is required to constitute the burdens. In the prior techniques, the need to have recourse to these stiffening elements arose from the fact that the ultimate compression was carried out on assemblies of large volume corresponding for example to the final half-burden. Under these conditions, the deformations of these volumes under the effect of the reaction of the compressed products were such that they could compromise the stability of the burden (and its subsequent stackability).

Pour cette raison, un maintien relativement rigoureux était nécessaire. Il était assuré notamment par des éléments de rigidification (et de protection) associés à des liens très résistants. C'est le mode décrit notamment dans la demande de brevet français 2 460 862 et dans son addition 2 491 889.For this reason, relatively rigorous maintenance was necessary. It was provided in particular by stiffening (and protection) elements associated with very resistant links. This is the method described in particular in French patent application 2,460,862 and in its addition 2,491,889.

En plus, selon l'invention, en orientant les éléments dans le fardeau de telle sorte que la direction des compressions se situe dans le plan des couches superposées, les déformations limitées se situent à la périphérie du fardeau et ne gênent par l'empilage régulier de ces éléments les uns sur les autres.In addition, according to the invention, by orienting the elements in the load so that the direction of the compressions lies in the plane of the superimposed layers, the limited deformations are located at the periphery of the load and do not interfere with regular stacking. of these elements on top of each other.

On obtient de cette façon un fardeau sans autre moyen de maintien de la compression que les différents emballages ou film ceinturant les éléments. L'usage de liens supplémentaires ou de plaques de protection et de rigidification devient superflu.In this way a burden is obtained with no other means of maintaining compression than the various packages or film encircling the elements. The use of additional ties or protection and stiffening plates becomes superfluous.

Cette façon de procéder ne supprime pas la possibilité d'une succession de compressions permettant d'atteindre les taux élevés recherchés. Simplement ces compressions sont effectuées sur des ensembles plus réduits ou même sur les produits unitaires ou regroupés préalablement au ceinturage effectué selon l'invention.This procedure does not eliminate the possibility of a succession of cuts making it possible to reach the high rates sought. These compressions are simply carried out on more reduced assemblies or even on unitary or grouped products prior to the belting carried out according to the invention.

Avantageusement, l'élément ceinturé, ou module, est de dimension telle qu'il faut en rassembler au moins deux pour constituer une même couche d'un fardeau, chaque fardeau comprenant au moins deux couches superposées.Advantageously, the belted element, or module, is of such size that it is necessary to bring together at least two to constitute the same layer of a burden, each burden comprising at least two superposed layers.

La cohésion étant assurée au niveau de chaque élément défini ci-dessus et ces éléments, du fait des faibles déformations et de l'orientation de celles-ci, pouvant être aisément assemblés, la cohésion de ces éléments dans un même fardeau est avantageusement obtenue par banderolage.The cohesion being ensured at the level of each element defined above and these elements, due to the small deformations and the orientation thereof, which can be easily assembled, the cohesion of these elements in the same burden is advantageously obtained by wrapping.

Cette opération consiste à envelopper le fardeau par une bande enroulée en spirale, en faisant en sorte que les spires successives se recouvrent partiellement.This operation consists of wrapping the burden with a strip wound in a spiral, making sure that the successive turns partially overlap.

Le banderolage est effectué de façon traditionnelle avec un film extensible. Sa pose sous une certaine tension assure sa parfaite adhérence au produit enveloppé quelle que soit la forme de ce dernier.The wrapping is carried out in the traditional way with an extensible film. Its installation under a certain tension ensures its perfect adhesion to the wrapped product whatever the shape of the latter.

De façon traditionnelle aussi, on utilise avantageusement selon l'invention des films autoadhé- sifs. La superposition des spires s'accompagne ainsi d'une mise en place parfaitement stable de cette enveloppe qui est susceptible de supporter des efforts considérables sans se déplacer. La structure « stratifiée » de cette enveloppe lui confère par ailleurs, et même pour des films très minces, des propriétés de résistance mécanique tout à fait remarquables.Also conventionally, self-adhesive films are advantageously used according to the invention. The superposition of the turns is thus accompanied by a perfectly stable positioning of this envelope which is capable of withstanding considerable efforts without moving. The “layered” structure of this envelope also gives it, and even for very thin films, very remarkable mechanical resistance properties.

Le caractère autoadhésif du film de banderolage facilite également la fixation de l'amorce de la bande lors de sa pose sur le fardeau. L'extrémité est maintenue par une pince pendant les premiers tours. Ensuite, l'adhérence des spires les unes sur les autres suffit pour maintenir le film en place.The self-adhesive character of the wrapping film also facilitates the fixing of the leader of the strip when it is laid on the bundle. The end is held by a clamp during the first turns. Then, the adhesion of the turns on each other is enough to keep the film in place.

L'enroulement de la bande peut suivre une progression tenant compte de propriétés variables requises selon la hauteur du fardeau à laquelle on se situe. Un pas des spires plus serré aux emplacements devant assurer une résistance mécanique particulière peut être réalisé.The winding of the strip can follow a progression taking into account variable properties required according to the height of the burden at which one is located. A pitch of the turns tighter at the locations which must ensure a particular mechanical resistance can be achieved.

C'est par exemple ce qui peut être recherché pour bien solidariser les différentes couches du fardeau les unes aux autres.This is, for example, what can be sought in order to secure the different layers of the burden together.

De préférence, selon l'invention, un double banderolage est réalisé. Après un premier enroulement de haut en bas ou de bas en haut, un second enroulement sans interruption est effectué en sens inverse.Preferably, according to the invention, a double wrapping is carried out. After a first winding from top to bottom or from bottom to top, a second winding without interruption is carried out in reverse.

Le croisement des spires ascendantes et descendantes confère une grande stabilité aux efforts mécaniques de l'enveloppe ainsi constituée.The crossing of the ascending and descending turns gives great stability to the mechanical forces of the envelope thus formed.

Avantageusement, le banderolage peut également servir à fixer au fardeau une palette facilitant son transport par les moyens mécanisés traditionnels tels que les chariots élévateurs. Dans ce but, par exemple, le fardeau ou plus exactement les éléments qui vont le constituer sont disposés sur une palette. Lorsque tous les éléments sont réunis, on procède au banderolage. Ce dernier est effectué sur toute la hauteur du fardeau y compris la palette en enveloppant suffisamment celle-ci pour que la résistance du film (ou des couches superposées de celui-ci) constitue un lien suffisant, solidarisant la palette au reste du fardeau.Advantageously, the wrapping can also be used to fix the pallet to a pallet facilitating its transport by traditional mechanized means such as forklifts. For this purpose, for example, the burden or more precisely the elements which will constitute it are placed on a pallet. When all the elements are gathered, we proceed to the wrapping. The latter is carried out over the entire height of the burden including the pallet by enveloping it sufficiently so that the resistance of the film (or of the superimposed layers thereof) constitutes a sufficient link, securing the pallet to the rest of the burden.

Le film de banderolage peut être soumis à une tension qui varie en fonction de son emplacement sur le fardeau enveloppé. Dans le cas de l'invention, il est ainsi possible de réduire la tension exercée aux coins du fardeau. On évite ainsi une compression de ces coins, ou encore une ovalisation du fardeau et les dégradations des produits qui peuvent en résulter.The wrapping film can be subjected to a tension which varies according to its location on the wrapped bundle. In the case of the invention, it is thus possible to reduce the tension exerted at the corners of the load. This avoids compression of these corners, or ovalization of the burden and the product degradation that may result.

Le banderolage peut encore être utilisé pour former un emballage pratiquement étanche aux intempéries lorsque le fardeau doit être entreposé ou transporté sans autre protection. Dans ce cas, au sommet de la charge on dispose une coiffe constituée par exemple par une feuille de plastique qui déborde suffisamment de la charge pour être rabattue sur les faces latérales.Wrapping can still be used to form a virtually weatherproof package when the burden is to be stored or transported without other protection. In this case, at the top of the load there is a cap constituted for example by a plastic sheet which overflows the load enough to be folded down on the side faces.

Sur les faces latérales, l'étanchéité est obtenue à la jonction entre les spires en opérant le banderolage dans un sens ascendant. Même si l'adhérence des spires les unes aux autres laisse des interstices par lesquels l'eau pourrait s'introduire dans le fardeau, la disposition « en écailles » s'oppose à cette pénétration.On the lateral faces, the seal is obtained at the junction between the turns by carrying out the wrapping in an upward direction. Even if the adhesion of the turns to each other leaves interstices through which water could be introduced into the burden, the "scales" arrangement opposes this penetration.

La coiffe doit pour la même raison, recouvrir les spires les plus hautes.For the same reason, the cap must cover the highest turns.

Dans une disposition avantageuse, la coiffe est maintenue sur le fardeau par le banderolage lui-même. En pratique une fois le banderolage ascendant effectué, la coiffe est déposée sans rompre le film et l'enroulement est poursuivi pour recouvrir les bords rabattus de la coiffe.In an advantageous arrangement, the cap is held on the burden by the wrapping itself. In practice once the upward wrapping has been carried out, the cap is deposited without breaking the film and the winding is continued to cover the folded edges of the cap.

Lorsque l'on procède à un double enroulement complet, la coiffe est déposée entre l'enroulement ascendant et l'enroulement descendant.When a complete double winding is carried out, the cap is placed between the upward winding and the downward winding.

Pour parachever la protection du fardeau, il est également possible de disposer à sa base une feuille de protection maintenue par le film du banderolage. Les bords de cette feuille sont soit relevés sur les côtés du fardeau, soit plus simplement lorsque le fardeau est disposé sur une palette, rabattus sur les bords de la palette et enveloppés en même temps que celle-ci.To complete the protection of the burden, it is also possible to have at its base a protective sheet maintained by the wrapping film. The edges of this sheet are either raised on the sides of the burden, or more simply when the burden is placed on a pallet, folded over the edges of the pallet and wrapped at the same time as the latter.

D'autres détails concernant l'invention et sa mise en oeuvre sont décrits dans la suite en faisant référence aux planches de dessins dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma synoptique du conditionnement selon l'invention appliqué à des rouleaux de feutre isolant,
  • la figure 2 présente, à une échelle plus grande, l'étape de formation des éléments constitutifs du fardeau, comprenant le ceinturage sous compression,
  • la figure 3 illustre l'étape de formation du fardeau par superposition de deux couches d'éléments,
  • la figure 4 illustre schématiquement l'étape du banderolage du fardeau,
  • les figures 5, 6, 7 et 8 sont analogues respectivement aux figures 1, 2, 3 et 4 et se rapportent au conditionnement de panneaux plans de feutre isolant,
  • la figure 9 est analogue aux figures 2 et 6 ; elle présente de façon détaillée et par moitiés, les deux positions extrêmes de l'opération de ceinturage des éléments modulaires.
Other details concerning the invention and its implementation are described below with reference to the drawing boards in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the packaging according to the invention applied to rolls of insulating felt,
  • FIG. 2 presents, on a larger scale, the stage of formation of the constituent elements of the burden, including the belt under compression,
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the step of forming the burden by superposition of two layers of elements,
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the step of wrapping the burden,
  • FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively analogous to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4 and relate to the packaging of flat panels of insulating felt,
  • Figure 9 is similar to Figures 2 and 6; it presents in detail and in halves, the two extreme positions of the operation of belting of the modular elements.

La partie supérieure du schéma de la figure 1 montre la formation d'un rouleau de feutre d'isolation en fibres de verre suivant le mode traditionnel tel que décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet français n° 2 553 744.The upper part of the diagram in FIG. 1 shows the formation of a roll of glass fiber insulation felt according to the traditional mode as described for example in French patent application No. 2,553,744.

Le feutre de fibres 1 provient habituellement directement d'une ligne de production.Fiber felt 1 usually comes directly from a production line.

L'enroulement du feutre sans détérioration est possible lorsque sa masse volumique avant compression n'est pas trop élevée.The winding of the felt without deterioration is possible when its density before compression is not too high.

Selon la masse volumique initiale, le taux de compression applicable est sensiblement différente. A l'état comprimé, les feutres enroulés présentent en général une masse volumique qui n'est pas supérieure à 65 kg/m3.Depending on the initial density, the applicable compression ratio is significantly different. In the compressed state, the coiled felts generally have a density which is not greater than 65 kg / m 3 .

De façon traditionnelle, les feutres enroulés n'ont pas, avant compression, une masse volumique supérieure à 30 kg/m3. Les feutres plus denses sont conditionnés de préférence sous forme de panneaux plans plus ou moins compressibles.Traditionally, coiled felts do not, before compression, have a density greater than 30 kg / m 3 . The denser felts are preferably packaged in the form of more or less compressible flat panels.

Le feutre 1 est enroulé sur lui-même, dans l'exemple représenté, entre deux bandes convoyeuses 2, 3 et un rouleau 4. Suivant le mode décrit dans la demande de brevet précitée, la compression du feutre dans le rouleau 5 est assurée par un déplacement programmé du rouleau 4.The felt 1 is wound on itself, in the example shown, between two conveyor belts 2, 3 and a roller 4. According to the mode described in the aforementioned patent application, the compression of the felt in the roller 5 is ensured by a programmed movement of the roller 4.

En suivant l'enseignement de cette demande, il est possible d'obtenir un enroulement qui tout en assurant une compression élevée n'altère pas la capacité de reprise d'épaisseur du feutre lors de son utilisation. Pour les feutres de bonne qualité et de masse volumique faible il est ainsi possible de produire des rouleaux dont le taux de compression peut atteindre la valeur de 6, autrement dit dans lesquels l'épaisseur du feutre est réduite au sixième de sa valeur à l'état non comprimé.By following the teaching of this application, it is possible to obtain a winding which, while ensuring high compression, does not alter the capacity for taking up the thickness of the felt during its use. For good quality and low density felts it is thus possible to produce rolls whose compression ratio can reach the value of 6, in other words in which the thickness of the felt is reduced to one sixth of its value at uncompressed state.

Même si dans la suite du conditionnement le feutre est soumis à d'autres compressions, il est préférable d'imposer dès cette étape un taux aussi élevé que possible. C'est en effet à ce stade que le gain de volume est le plus important.Even if in the subsequent conditioning the felt is subjected to other compressions, it is preferable to impose at this stage a rate as high as possible. It is indeed at this stage that the gain in volume is most important.

A la fin de l'enroulement du feutre sur lui-même, une feuille 6 de papier ou d'un matériau plastique enveloppe le rouleau formé. Cette feuille, destinée à maintenir le rouleau 5 dans l'état comprimé qui lui est imposé, est collée sur elle-même de façon connue par exemple par un trait de colle ou par thermoscellement.At the end of the winding of the felt on itself, a sheet 6 of paper or of plastic material envelops the roll formed. This sheet, intended to maintain the roller 5 in the compressed state which is imposed on it, is bonded to itself in a known manner for example by a line of glue or by heat-sealing.

Avantageusement, on utilise comme enveloppe pour chaque rouleau une feuille d'un polymère thermorétractable par exemple une feuille de polyéthylène. En utilisant une feuille thermorétractable de largeur légèrement supérieure à celle du rouleau, il est possible de protéger au moins en partie les extrémités du rouleau. Les extrémités de l'enveloppe sont soumises à un traitement thermique. La rétraction qui en résulte rabat en effet les parties de la feuille qui débordent de chaque côté du rouleau sur les extrémités de celui-ci. On protège ainsi ces extrémités contre les détériorations qui pourraient provenir de la manutention ultérieure.Advantageously, a sheet of a heat-shrinkable polymer, for example a sheet of polyethylene, is used as the envelope for each roll. By using a heat-shrinkable sheet slightly wider than the roll, it is possible to at least partially protect the ends of the roll. The ends of the envelope are subjected to a heat treatment. The resulting retraction in fact folds the parts of the sheet which project on each side of the roll on the ends of the latter. These ends are thus protected against deterioration which could arise from subsequent handling.

Le rouleau recouvert de son enveloppe (le cas échéant rétractée) est ensuite conduit dans un dispositif permettant de réunir plusieurs de ces rouleaux en un élément modulaire destiné à former le fardeau.The roll covered with its envelope (if necessary retracted) is then led into a device making it possible to join several of these rolls into a modular element intended to form the burden.

Les rouleaux sont acheminés par des moyens traditionnels automatiques vers une empileuse 7 (figure 2). Cette empileuse comprend des moyens contrôlant l'admission 38 qui, couplés à des moyens de comptage non représentés, permettent de former les lots d'un nombre déterminé de rouleaux dans l'empileuse.The rolls are routed by traditional automatic means to a stacker 7 (Figure 2). This stacker comprises means controlling the intake 38 which, coupled with counting means not shown, allows attempt to form batches of a specified number of rollers in the stacker.

Pour permettre le traitement de produits de dimensions et/ou de forme variables, les parois 9 de l'empileuse sont de préférence réglables, par exemple au moyen de vérins disposés latéralement.To allow the treatment of products of variable size and / or shape, the walls 9 of the stacker are preferably adjustable, for example by means of jacks arranged laterally.

De la même façon, l'espace offert aux rouleaux est délimité dans la longueur par une butée frontale. Cette butée est également réglable en fonction de la longueur des rouleaux.In the same way, the space offered to the rollers is delimited in length by a front stop. This stop is also adjustable according to the length of the rollers.

Dans le mode présenté, l'introduction des rouleaux dans l'empileuse se fait par gravité. Dans d'autres configurations, lorsque l'empileuse n'est pas verticale, il est possible de prévoir des moyens de chargement traditionnels tels que des poussoirs actionnés par des vérins, le fonctionnement restant sensiblement le même.In the mode presented, the introduction of the rollers into the stacker is done by gravity. In other configurations, when the stacker is not vertical, it is possible to provide traditional loading means such as pushers actuated by jacks, the operation remaining substantially the same.

. Lorsque le lot de rouleaux constituant l'élément modulaire est rassemblé, la trappe ou les moyens équivalents 39, qui retenaient les rouleaux s'ouvrent libérant ces derniers qui passent dans un dispositif 11 effectuant le ceinturage du module.. When the batch of rollers constituting the modular element is assembled, the hatch or equivalent means 39 which held the rollers open, releasing the latter which pass through a device 11 carrying out the belting of the module.

Ce dispositif 11 est formé de deux parois verticales 12, réglables comme les parois 9 de l'empileuse.This device 11 is formed by two vertical walls 12, adjustable like the walls 9 of the stacker.

Longitudinalement, les rouleaux sont maintenus par des butées non représentées.Longitudinally, the rollers are held by stops not shown.

L'extrémité inférieure de ce dispositif est fermée par une paroi mobile 48 dont les mouvements de translation sont assurés par des moyens tel qu'un vérin 14 ou des moyens analogues.The lower end of this device is closed by a movable wall 48 whose translational movements are ensured by means such as a jack 14 or similar means.

L'entrée du dispositif 11 est ouverte et fermée par des moyens 46, 47 pouvant former une butée capable de supporter l'effort de compression qui est imposé aux rouleaux 5.The inlet of the device 11 is opened and closed by means 46, 47 which can form a stop capable of supporting the compression force which is imposed on the rollers 5.

Un double film 16 de ceinturage est placé à l'entrée du dispositif 11. Il se déroule à partir des dévidoirs 17.A double belt film 16 is placed at the entrance to the device 11. It takes place from the reels 17.

Les rouleaux 42, 43 sur lesquels passent ces deux films sont animés du même mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture que les rouleaux de butée 46, 47 pour laisser entrer les rouleaux de feutre 5 dans le dispositif 11.The rollers 42, 43 on which these two films pass are driven in the same opening and closing movement as the stop rollers 46, 47 to allow the felt rollers 5 to enter the device 11.

Un ensemble de soudage des deux films est disposé immédiatement au-dessus des rouleaux formant butée.A welding assembly for the two films is placed immediately above the stop rollers.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif 11, en détail et en faisant plus spécialement référence à la figure 9, est le suivant.The operation of the device 11, in detail and with more specific reference to Figure 9, is as follows.

Les rouleaux ou, sur la figure 9, les colis de forme parallélépipédique transportés par exemple par un convoyeur à bande 37 se présentent à l'entrée de l'empileuse 7 à plat et dans le sens de leur longueur. Le premier colis est entraîné au-dessus de l'empileuse et par glissement sur deux bras escamotables 38, vient en appui sur la butée frontale 36.The rolls or, in FIG. 9, the packages of parallelepiped shape transported for example by a conveyor belt 37 are present at the entrance of the stacker 7 flat and in the direction of their length. The first package is driven above the stacker and by sliding on two retractable arms 38, comes to bear on the front stop 36.

La présence du colis au contact de cette butée provoque l'ouverture des bras 38 ; le colis guidé entre les parois latérales 9, réglées au moyen des vérins 35, tombe par gravité sur des bras éclipsa- bles 39 formant le fond de l'empileuse.The presence of the package in contact with this stop causes the arms 38 to open; the package guided between the side walls 9, adjusted by means of the jacks 35, falls by gravity onto eclipsable arms 39 forming the bottom of the stacker.

Les bras supérieurs 38 se referment aussitôt pour recevoir le second colis et le cycle précédent est reproduit jusqu'à ce que le nombre de colis programmé pour la formation d'un module soit atteint.The upper arms 38 close immediately to receive the second package and the previous cycle is reproduced until the number of packages programmed for the formation of a module is reached.

Lorsque cette condition est remplie, les bras inférieurs 39 de l'empileuse s'effacent et l'ensemble des colis contenus dans l'empileuse descend par gravité sur le film de ceinture 16 tendu entre les deux ensembles de rouleaux pinceurs 40, 41, et reposant sur des rouleaux de guidage du film 42, 43. Les rouleaux de guidage sont solidaires de l'ensemble non représenté supportant des barres de soudure 44, 45 et deux butées mobiles à rouleaux 46, 47. Suivant sa position, cet ensemble dégage ou obture l'entrée du dispositif 11.When this condition is fulfilled, the lower arms 39 of the stacker disappear and all of the packages contained in the stacker descend by gravity onto the belt film 16 stretched between the two sets of pinch rollers 40, 41, and resting on film guide rollers 42, 43. The guide rollers are integral with the assembly, not shown, supporting sealing bars 44, 45 and two movable roller stops 46, 47. Depending on its position, this assembly releases or closes the input of the device 11.

Les deux butées 46, 47 étant écartées latéralement (côté droit de la figure 9), le lot de colis qui est soutenu par le film de ceinture descend dans le dispositif 11.The two stops 46, 47 being separated laterally (right side of FIG. 9), the batch of packages which is supported by the belt film descends into the device 11.

Les deux ensembles rouleaux pinceurs 40, 41 délivrent le film 16 au fur et à mesure de la descente du module entre les parois réglables 12 du dispositif 11.The two pinch roller assemblies 40, 41 deliver the film 16 as the module descends between the adjustable walls 12 of the device 11.

Lorsque le lot de colis vient reposer sur le fond du dispositif 11 constitué par exemple d'un transporteur à bande 48 dont le niveau est réglable en fonction de la hauteur des colis formant le module avant compression, les deux butées supérieures 46, 47 se referment (partie gauche de la figure 9) et les rouleaux pinceurs 40, 41 arrêtent le dévide- ment du film de ceinture. Dans le même temps, un nouveau cycle de formation du lot de colis est commencé dans l'empileuse 7.When the batch of packages comes to rest on the bottom of the device 11 consisting for example of a conveyor belt 48 whose level is adjustable as a function of the height of the packages forming the module before compression, the two upper stops 46, 47 close (left part of FIG. 9) and the pinch rollers 40, 41 stop the unwinding of the belt film. At the same time, a new batch batch formation cycle is started in the stacker 7.

Les parois 12 peuvent s'écarter légèrement, le fond du dispositif se déplace verticalement de bas en haut entraîné par un système mécanique à chaîne, non représenté, commandé par un moto- variateur. Ce système peut être remplacé par un vérin pneumatique ou hydraulique 14.The walls 12 can deviate slightly, the bottom of the device moves vertically from bottom to top driven by a mechanical chain system, not shown, controlled by a motor-variator. This system can be replaced by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 14.

Les colis formant le module se trouvent alors comprimés entre les butées 46, 47 et le transporteur 48.The packages forming the module are then compressed between the stops 46, 47 and the conveyor 48.

Simultanément, l'excédent de film venant de la compression des colis est récupéré par le mouvement de pantins 49, 50 se déplaçant comme représenté sur la partie gauche de la figure 9. L'écartement des parois 12 au cours de cette opération facilite le déplacement du film le long du module (en évitant notamment la formation de plis).Simultaneously, the excess film coming from the compression of the packages is recovered by the movement of puppets 49, 50 moving as shown on the left side of FIG. 9. The spacing of the walls 12 during this operation facilitates the movement film along the module (in particular avoiding the formation of folds).

Lorsque la hauteur déterminée en fonction de la compression à obtenir est atteinte, le transporteur 48 s'immobilise.When the height determined as a function of the compression to be obtained is reached, the conveyor 48 stops.

Les pantins 49, 50 aidés par les rouleaux pinceurs 40, 41 et les rouleaux des butées 46, 47 continuent à ramener l'excédent de film jusqu'à ce qu'un système de détection, placé sur les pantins 49, 50 (même longueur de film à ramener pour un même nombre de colis à la même compression) commande leur arrêt. Le film est ainsi tendu sur le module.The puppets 49, 50 helped by the pinch rollers 40, 41 and the rollers of the stops 46, 47 continue to bring back the excess film until a detection system, placed on the puppets 49, 50 (same length of film to be brought back for the same number of packages at the same compression) controls their stopping. The film is thus stretched over the module.

Les barres de soudure 44, 45 sont refermées sur les deux brins de film qui sont soudés, puis coupés par un système de coupe à froid. La ceinture de maintien est réalisée. Les barres de soudure 44, 45 s'ouvrent et les pantins 49, 50 récupèrent le « mou résiduel du film après écartement des rouleaux pinceurs 40, 41. Ces derniers se referment ensuite dans l'attente d'un nouveau colis. Le transporteur 48, sur lequel repose maintenant le module entouré de sa ceinture, redescend jusqu'à son niveau de départ pour évacuer le colis vers la table d'empilage.The sealing bars 44, 45 are closed on the two strands of film which are welded, then cut by a cold cutting system. The support belt is made. The bars of welding 44, 45 open and the jacks 49, 50 recover the "residual slack of the film after separation of the pinch rollers 40, 41. The latter then close while awaiting a new package. The conveyor 48, on which the module now rests surrounded by its belt, descends to its starting level to evacuate the package to the stacking table.

Avantageusement, les films 16 ceinturant l'élément modulaire s'étendent sur la majeure partie des colis. Le ceinturage ainsi réalisé prenant appui sur une large surface n'a pas tendance à pénétrer dans le feutre. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de disposer des éléments de protection rigides entre ces moyens ceinturant les colis et les colis eux-mêmes, comme c'est le cas dans les techniques antérieures mettant en oeuvre un cerclage au moyen de liens de faible épaisseur. De préférence, le ceinturage recouvre au moins les deux tiers de la longueur des colis.Advantageously, the films 16 surrounding the modular element extend over the major part of the packages. The belt thus produced resting on a large surface does not tend to penetrate the felt. It is therefore not necessary to have rigid protective elements between these means which surround the packages and the packages themselves, as is the case in the prior techniques using strapping by means of thin links. Preferably, the belt covers at least two thirds of the length of the packages.

Le film utilisé est avantageusement un film de polyéthylène, d'épaisseur comprise entre 40 et 100 micromètres.The film used is advantageously a polyethylene film, of thickness between 40 and 100 micrometers.

Lorsque les modules sont constitués à partir de rouleaux, la compression qui est imposée varie suivant le taux de compression à l'enroulement. Il va de soi que plus le taux de compression initial est élevé, plus faible est la déformation qui peut être imposée sans altérer la qualité des feutres. Cependant, même pour les taux de compression très élevés à l'enroulement, une certaine déformation est possible à la formation du module. De façon générale, la réduction de volume suite à la compression et au ceinturage du module peut être aussi faible que 7 % ou moins pour les produits les plus comprimés antérieurement. Pour les autres, la compression peut être plus élevée mais de préférence ne dépasse pas 20 %.When the modules are made from rollers, the compression which is imposed varies according to the compression ratio at the winding. It goes without saying that the higher the initial compression ratio, the lower the deformation which can be imposed without altering the quality of the felts. However, even for very high compression ratios during winding, some deformation is possible during the formation of the module. In general, the reduction in volume following compression and belting of the module can be as low as 7% or less for the most previously compressed products. For the others, the compression can be higher but preferably does not exceed 20%.

La compression des rouleaux dans tous les cas forme des méplats dans les zones où ils sont au contact les uns des autres. Cette déformation assure une bonne stabilité du module pour autant que le nombre de rouleaux ne soit pas trop élevé. Avantageusement, le nombre de rouleaux ne doit pas dépasser 6 et de préférence est de 3 ou 4.The compression of the rollers in all cases forms flats in the areas where they are in contact with each other. This deformation ensures good stability of the module provided that the number of rollers is not too high. Advantageously, the number of rollers should not exceed 6 and preferably is 3 or 4.

Les dimensions traditionnelles des rouleaux et celles des fardeaux constitués commandent ces nombres. Le diamètre des rouleaux est ordinairement compris entre 600 mm et 300 mm.The traditional dimensions of the rolls and those of the bundles formed control these numbers. The diameter of the rollers is usually between 600 mm and 300 mm.

Un exemple typique selon l'invention correspond à des feutres de masse volumique 11,5 kg/m3 à l'épaisseur nominale (c'est-à-dire garantie à l'utilisation) de 80 mm et de 9 m de longueur. Ces feutres sont enroulés avec un taux de compression de 5,7 en rouleaux de diamètre 400 mm environ, lesquels sont rassemblés en éléments modulaires comprenant 4 rouleaux.A typical example according to the invention corresponds to felts with a density 11.5 kg / m 3 at the nominal thickness (that is to say guaranteed for use) of 80 mm and 9 m in length. These felts are wound with a compression ratio of 5.7 in rolls with a diameter of approximately 400 mm, which are assembled in modular elements comprising 4 rolls.

Le film de ceinturage ramène l'ensemble des quatre rouleaux à une hauteur de 1550 mm soit moins de 5 % de compression. La stabilité dans ce cas résulte des frottements qui s'exercent entre le film de ceinturage et l'enveloppe des rouleaux et aussi des déformations des rouleaux eux-mêmes.The belt film reduces all four rollers to a height of 1550 mm, i.e. less than 5% compression. Stability in this case results from the friction which is exerted between the belt film and the envelope of the rollers and also from deformations of the rollers themselves.

Les éléments modulaires, dans la forme présentée à la figure 1, sont évacués latéralement du dispositif de cpmpression et sont repris par un convoyeur 21. Ils sont amenés à plat jusqu'à une table élévatrice 22 sur laquelle plusieurs modules sont empilés par des moyens traditionnels de manutention automatique.The modular elements, in the form presented in FIG. 1, are removed laterally from the compression device and are taken up by a conveyor 21. They are brought flat to a lifting table 22 on which several modules are stacked by traditional means automatic handling.

Eventuellement pour bien solidariser les modules entre eux, un adhésif peut être appliqué sur leurs faces en contact. L'adhésif est localisé de préférence sur le film ceinturant chaque module.Optionally to secure the modules together, an adhesive can be applied to their contacting faces. The adhesive is preferably located on the film surrounding each module.

L'expérience montre qu'un empilement des modules sur leur face est moins stable pour la formation de fardeaux élevés que celui correspondant aux rouleaux en position verticale. Autrement dit, les rouleaux sont moins déformables sous l'effet d'une charge dans le sens de leur longueur. Pour constituer les fardeaux, un groupe de modules constitué comme indiqué précédemment est alors de préférence disposé verticalement par basculement.Experience shows that a stack of modules on their face is less stable for the formation of high loads than that corresponding to the rollers in vertical position. In other words, the rollers are less deformable under the effect of a load in the direction of their length. To constitute the burdens, a group of modules constituted as indicated above is then preferably arranged vertically by tilting.

La couche de modules ainsi constituée, dans laquelle les rouleaux sont disposés verticalement, est saisie au moyen d'une pince de préhension 24 et déposée sur une palette 25. Selon la hauteur de cette couche, c'est-à-dire la hauteur des rouleaux en position verticale, on superpose 2 couches ou plus.The layer of modules thus formed, in which the rollers are arranged vertically, is gripped by means of a gripper 24 and deposited on a pallet 25. Depending on the height of this layer, that is to say the height of the rollers in vertical position, 2 or more layers are superimposed.

La stabilité verticale de l'assemblage réalisé dans ces conditions est telle qu'après formation du fardeau, comme il va être indiqué ci-après, il est possible sans risque d'affaissement, de gerber plusieurs fardeaux sur les aires d'entreposage.The vertical stability of the assembly produced under these conditions is such that after formation of the burden, as will be indicated below, it is possible without risk of collapse, to stack several burdens on the storage areas.

La palette portant l'ensemble des deux couches superposées de modules passe sur une machine à banderoler de type traditionnel.The pallet carrying the set of two superimposed layers of modules passes over a traditional type wrapping machine.

Cette machine schématisée en 23 comporte une table tournante 26 suivant un axe vertical. Au-dessus du fardeau, la banderoleuse comporte un plateau 33 mobile dans le sens vertical. Ce plateau vient s'appliquer au sommet du fardeau qu'il maintient en position pendant l'opération. A cet effet, le plateau presseur est mobile en rotation suivant le même axe que celui de la table tournante 26.This machine shown diagrammatically at 23 comprises a rotary table 26 along a vertical axis. Above the burden, the wrapping machine comprises a plate 33 movable in the vertical direction. This plate is applied to the top of the load which it maintains in position during the operation. To this end, the pressure plate is movable in rotation along the same axis as that of the rotary table 26.

Un bâti supporte un chariot mobile verticalement. Le chariot porte un bras sur lequel est disposé un dévidoir 27 et un système de prééti- rage et de régulation de la tension permettant d'appliquer le film avec une tension déterminée sur le fardeau. Cette tension, comme indiqué précédemment, peut être variable de façon par exemple à réduire la compression aux coins du fardeau.A frame supports a vertically movable carriage. The carriage carries an arm on which is disposed a reel 27 and a pre-stretching and tension regulation system making it possible to apply the film with a determined tension on the bundle. This tension, as indicated previously, can be variable so as for example to reduce the compression at the corners of the load.

Cette disposition est souhaitable lorsque les éléments constituant le fardeau présentent des arêtes anguleuses. Lorsque, comme dans le mode présenté, les coins du fardeau sont constitués par les surfaces courbes des rouleaux de feutres, la modulation de la tension du film est de moindre intérêt.This arrangement is desirable when the elements constituting the burden have angular edges. When, as in the mode presented, the corners of the burden are formed by the curved surfaces of the felt rolls, the modulation of the film tension is of less interest.

Le fonctionnement de ce type de machine traditionnelle permet la mise en place de l'extrémité du film sur la charge à envelopper, la rotation de la charge entraînée par la table tournante avec une progression simultanée du chariot portant le dévidoir dans un sens vertical. La vitesse de progression est également réglable ce qui permet de faire varier le recouvrement des spires successives, et de manière générale le mouvement vertical peut être programmé de sorte que la progression ait lieu de façon différenciée selon le niveau de la charge intéressée. Ainsi plusieurs tours peuvent être effectués au début du banderolage sans que le chariot portant le dévidoir ne soit déplacé pour assurer un parfait arrimage de la bande et plus encore une bonne solidarisation entre la palette et la première couche de modules. Ce type de machine permet également la pose automatique d'une coiffe au sommet de la charge.The operation of this type of traditional machine allows the end of the film to be placed on the load to be wrapped, the rotation of the load driven by the rotary table with simultaneous progression of the carriage carrying the reel in a vertical direction. The speed of progression is also adjustable which makes it possible to vary the overlap of the successive turns, and in general the vertical movement can be programmed so that the progression takes place in a differentiated manner according to the level of the load concerned. Thus, several turns can be carried out at the start of the wrapping without the carriage carrying the reel being moved to ensure perfect securing of the strip and even more a good connection between the pallet and the first layer of modules. This type of machine also allows the automatic installation of a cap at the top of the load.

La pose de la coiffe est réalisée par un ensemble disposé sur un chariot mobile se déplaçant sur un rail horizontal. L'ensemble du rail et du chariot qu'il porte est fixé sur le bâti vertical et peut être réglé en fonction de la hauteur du fardeau à recouvrir.The fitting of the cap is carried out by an assembly arranged on a mobile carriage moving on a horizontal rail. The assembly of the rail and the carriage which it carries is fixed on the vertical frame and can be adjusted according to the height of the burden to be covered.

Le chariot porte un dévidoir pour le film constituant la coiffe et des moyens pour couper le film.The carriage carries a reel for the film constituting the cap and means for cutting the film.

Pour poser la coiffe le plateau presseur est relevé (en position pointillée sur les figures 2 et 6), le chariot et son dévidoir, schématisés en 54, passent au-dessus du fardeau en déroulant le film qui recouvre le sommet du fardeau.To place the cap, the pressure plate is raised (in dotted position in Figures 2 and 6), the carriage and its reel, shown diagrammatically at 54, pass over the burden by unrolling the film which covers the top of the burden.

Le chariot ayant placé le film, celui-ci est coupé et est complètement détaché de l'ensemble porté par le chariot pour se déposer sur le fardeau.The carriage having placed the film, it is cut and is completely detached from the assembly carried by the carriage to deposit on the burden.

Le plateau presseur 33 est ensuite abaissé pour maintenir de nouveau le fardeau.The pressure plate 33 is then lowered to maintain the burden again.

La pose de la coiffe 55 peut être opérée avantageusement après le banderolage ascendant et avant le banderolage descendant pour le maintenir tout en confectionnant un revêtement protégeant le fardeau contre les intempéries.The fitting of the cap 55 can be carried out advantageously after the upward wrapping and before the downward wrapping to maintain it while making a coating protecting the burden against the weather.

Si, par ailleurs, un film a été déposé sur la palette avant le chargement de celle-ci comme indiqué précédemment, on constitue une enveloppe complète du fardeau.If, moreover, a film has been deposited on the pallet before loading it as indicated above, a complete envelope of the burden is formed.

A titre d'exemple, pour effectuer le banderolage d'un ensemble tel que décrit précédemment, on utilise avantageusement un film de polyéthylène de 20 micromètres d'épaisseur et de 500 mm de largeur. De façon générale, l'épaisseur du film est choisie de manière qu'il se prête à une certaine extension. Pour un film de polyéthylène on choisit, par exemple, une épaisseur comprise entre 15 et 25 micromètres. Ce film est enroulé en spires qui se recouvrent pour moitié. Un double enroulement ascendant et descendant est effectué avec la pose au sommet d'une coiffe en polyéthylène de 50 à 180 micromètres.By way of example, to bandage an assembly as described above, a polyethylene film 20 micrometers thick and 500 mm wide is advantageously used. Generally, the thickness of the film is chosen so that it lends itself to a certain extension. For a polyethylene film, for example, a thickness of between 15 and 25 micrometers is chosen. This film is wound in coils which overlap for half. A double upward and downward winding is carried out with the installation at the top of a polyethylene cap of 50 to 180 micrometers.

En tous points le fardeau est donc maintenu par un enroulement dont l'épaisseur totale est de l'ordre de 80 micromètres.At all points the burden is therefore maintained by a winding whose total thickness is of the order of 80 micrometers.

La stabilité de l'ensemble ainsi constitué est remarquable. Elle permet le gerbage de deux fardeaux l'un sur l'autre sans adjonction d'aucun élément intercalaire.The stability of the assembly thus constituted is remarkable. It allows the stacking of two loads one on the other without the addition of any intermediate element.

Le stockage à l'air libre est possible, la pluie ne pénétrant pas dans le fardeau.Storage in the open air is possible, the rain does not penetrate the burden.

La solidité de l'ensemble est telle qu'elle permet le transport sur wagons plateaux avec pour simple fixation des sangles passées dans des « ranchers ».The solidity of the assembly is such that it allows transport on flat wagons with the simple fixing of straps passed through "stanchions".

Pour l'utilisateur, le fardeau du type de l'invention présente l'avantage de pouvoir être successivement décomposé en couches puis en modules et rouleaux au fur et à mesure des besoins, la partie du fardeau non utilisée restant sous forme d'un ensemble stable.For the user, the burden of the type of the invention has the advantage of being able to be successively broken down into layers then into modules and rolls as and when required, the part of the burden not used remaining in the form of an assembly stable.

Il faut également remarquer la grande souplesse d'utilisation de ce mode de fardelage qui permet d'assembler des couches de dimensions variées en fonction des besoins. Il peut être avantageux ainsi d'assembler des rouleaux de hauteurs différentes dans le but, par exemple, de constituer des fardeaux présentant le gabarit le plus approprié aux exigences des moyens de transports utilisés, qu'il s'agisse de chemin de fer ou de la route.It should also be noted the great flexibility of use of this mode of bundling which allows to assemble layers of various dimensions according to the needs. It may thus be advantageous to assemble rollers of different heights with the aim, for example, of constituting bundles having the size most suitable for the requirements of the means of transport used, whether railway or the road.

Le second mode représenté sur les figures est décrit dans la suite de façon plus sommaire en raison de la similitude de nombreuses étapes de ce conditionnement avec celui qui précède.The second mode shown in the figures is described in more detail below due to the similarity of many stages of this conditioning with that which precedes.

Dans cet exemple, le produit est constitué par des panneaux de feutre rectangulaires.In this example, the product consists of rectangular felt panels.

Ces panneaux sont regroupés en colis unitaires dans lesquels ils sont comprimés. De façon traditionnelle, on rassemble ainsi dans une même enveloppe de 3 à 20 panneaux par colis. Le nombre de panneaux est tel de préférence, que la hauteur des panneaux (c'est-à-dire la somme des épaisseurs) à l'état comprimé ne soit pas supérieure à la largeur de ces panneaux. Ceci permet d'éviter des déformations des colis qui seraient préjudiciables à la formation des modules puis des fardeaux stables.These panels are grouped in unit packages in which they are compressed. Traditionally, this brings together in a single envelope 3 to 20 panels per package. The number of panels is preferably such that the height of the panels (that is to say the sum of the thicknesses) in the compressed state is not greater than the width of these panels. This makes it possible to avoid deformations of the packages which would be detrimental to the formation of the modules and then stable burdens.

La compression et le maintien de cette compression posent pour les panneaux des problèmes particuliers. Dans le cas des rouleaux de feutre, le rouleau absorbe lui-même la majeure partie de la réaction à la compression. L'enveloppe utilisée ne supporte que des forces limitées. Dans les colis de panneaux, l'enveloppe doit résister à toute la réaction à la compression.Compression and maintenance of this compression pose special problems for the panels. In the case of felt rolls, the roll itself absorbs most of the reaction to compression. The envelope used only supports limited forces. In panel packages, the envelope must withstand all of the compression reaction.

En plus de la résistance accrue que devrait présenter l'enveloppe si les taux de compression étaient augmentés, ce qui pourrait le cas échéant être obtenu par l'utilisation de films plus épais, cette augmentation aurait pour conséquence une ovalisation des colis qui nuirait à leur rassemblement ultérieur sous forme d'élément modulaire.In addition to the increased resistance that the envelope would have to present if the compression ratios were increased, which could if necessary be obtained by the use of thicker films, this increase would result in an ovalization of the packages which would harm their subsequent assembly in the form of a modular element.

Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, pour des panneaux de masse volumique 14 kg/m3 de 75 mm d'épaisseur nominale, le taux de compression dans les colis unitaires ne dépasse pas habituellement 2 et se situe le plus souvent aux environs de 1,5.Thus, for example, for panels of density 14 kg / m 3 with a nominal thickness of 75 mm, the compression ratio in the unit packages does not usually exceed 2 and is most often around 1 , 5.

La compression et la formation des colis unitaires est effectuée suivant des modes traditionnels.The compression and formation of unit packages is carried out according to traditional methods.

Par exemple, les panneaux délivrés par une empileuse 28 en nombre prédéterminé sont comprimés entre deux convoyeurs convergents 29 et 30. A la sortie de cette compression, ils sont enveloppés dans une feuille de polymère rétractable tout en étant maintenus à l'état comprimé. L'enveloppe de polymère est formée à partir d'une double feuille provenant des dévidoirs 31. La double feuille, préalablement soudée, est entraînée par la progression des panneaux. Une fois l'ensemble de panneaux 34 engagé sur les moyens convoyeurs 56, les deux feuilles sont rabattues sur la face postérieure de l'ensemble et sont soudées en bout. Les feuilles sont soudées l'une à l'autre suivant deux lignes parallèles très voisines. Les feuilles sont découpées entre les deux lignes de soudure. Le colis ainsi constitué, l'enveloppe est rétractée aux extrémités par chauffage.For example, the panels delivered by a stacker 28 in predetermined number are compressed between two converging conveyors 29 and 30. At the end of this compression, they are wrapped in a shrinkable polymer sheet while being kept in the compressed state. The polymer shell is formed from of a double sheet coming from the reels 31. The double sheet, previously welded, is driven by the progression of the panels. Once the set of panels 34 engaged on the conveyor means 56, the two sheets are folded over the rear face of the assembly and are welded at the end. The sheets are welded to each other along two very close parallel lines. The sheets are cut between the two weld lines. The package thus formed, the envelope is retracted at the ends by heating.

Les colis ainsi enveloppés sont dirigés comme précédemment vers une empileuse 7 et un dispositif 11 pour la constitution d'un élément modulaire 32 (figure 6). La même installation est utilisée pour les rouleaux et pour les colis de panneaux si nécessaire en modifiant les dimensions au moyen des parois latérales réglables et des butées longitudinales.The packages thus wrapped are directed as before to a stacker 7 and a device 11 for the constitution of a modular element 32 (Figure 6). The same installation is used for the rolls and for the packages of panels if necessary by modifying the dimensions by means of the adjustable side walls and the longitudinal stops.

La principale différence à ce stade du conditionnement vient du fait qu'il est avantageux à la formation du module d'effectuer une compression supplémentaire substantielle des panneaux.The main difference at this stage of packaging comes from the fact that it is advantageous for the formation of the module to carry out a substantial additional compression of the panels.

Le problème de la résistance de l'enveloppe des colis à la réaction des feutres se pose de nouveau pour la constitution des éléments modulaires. Le surcroît de compression imposé doit être maintenu par le film de ceinturage. Il est cependant relativement facile de satisfaire cette condition du fait que l'on peut choisir la nature du film sans autre contrainte. En particulier, il n'est pas nécessaire d'avoir un film rétractable. Le-film choisi l'est donc, en premier lieu, en raison de sa résistance. On atteint ainsi sans difficulté des taux de compression allant jusqu'à 3 ou plus.The problem of the resistance of the package envelope to the reaction of the felts arises again for the constitution of the modular elements. The additional compression imposed must be maintained by the belt film. It is however relatively easy to satisfy this condition since the nature of the film can be chosen without any other constraint. In particular, it is not necessary to have a shrink film. The film chosen is therefore, in the first place, because of its resistance. Compression rates of up to 3 or more are thus easily achieved.

A l'expérience, on constate qu'il est préférable de limiter le nombre de panneaux par colis. Le fractionnement de l'ensemble constituant l'élément modulaire en colis plus petits et plus nombreux, est un élément de stabilité de ce module. On constate encore que dans le module constitué, les déformations du type ovalisation disparaissent pour tous les colis à l'exception des deux colis situés aux extrémités. La limitation du nombre de panneaux de chaque colis, et particulièrement de ceux placés aux extrémités, permet donc aussi de restreindre les effets désavantageux de ces déformations à un plus petit nombre de panneaux.Experience has shown that it is preferable to limit the number of panels per package. The splitting of the assembly constituting the modular element into smaller and more numerous packages is an element of stability of this module. It can also be seen that in the constituted module, the deformations of the ovalization type disappear for all the packages with the exception of the two packages located at the ends. Limiting the number of panels of each package, and particularly of those placed at the ends, therefore also makes it possible to limit the disadvantageous effects of these deformations to a smaller number of panels.

Bien entendu, pour maintenir convenablement les différents colis entrant dans la composition de l'élément modulaire, il est préférable de faire en sorte que le film qui le ceinture recouvre la totalité ou la quasi totalité de la longueur des panneaux.Of course, to properly maintain the various packages used in the composition of the modular element, it is preferable to ensure that the film which surrounds it covers all or almost all of the length of the panels.

Comme pour les modules de rouleaux, la ceinture des modules n'est pas soumise à une rétraction thermique. La compression est obtenue par le jeu du dispositif 11. Par ce dispositif on impose une compression légèrement supérieure à celle que l'on veut établir dans le module à constituer, puis après avoir soudé le film destiné à former la ceinture, la pression par la paroi mobile 13 étant relâchée les colis ceinturés tendent le film qui maintient la compression adéquate.As with the roller modules, the belt of the modules is not subjected to thermal shrinkage. The compression is obtained by the play of the device 11. By this device a compression is imposed slightly greater than that which one wants to establish in the module to be formed, then after having welded the film intended to form the belt, the pressure by the movable wall 13 being released, the belted packages stretch the film which maintains adequate compression.

La réaction des panneaux ne s'exerce que selon la direction normale à la surface de ceux-ci. Les modules constitués sont posés automatiquement sur une empileuse 22, les panneaux reposant sur la face du module correspondant à l'épaisseur des panneaux. Cette face est pratiquement plane. Les déformations sous l'effet de la pression ne la touchent pas. Ceci permet une bonne superposition des modules comme indiqué à la figure 7.The reaction of the panels is exerted only in the direction normal to the surface of these. The modules formed are placed automatically on a stacker 22, the panels resting on the face of the module corresponding to the thickness of the panels. This face is practically flat. Deformations caused by pressure do not affect it. This allows the modules to be superimposed as shown in Figure 7.

Dans le cas représenté, les modules sont constitués à partir de 3 colis unitaires. Dans d'autres exemples avantageux, les modules sont constitués de 4 ou 5 colis.In the case shown, the modules are made up of 3 unit packages. In other advantageous examples, the modules consist of 4 or 5 packages.

Ces modules sont empilés sur une palette par des bras préhenseurs, en nombre déterminé, de façon à constituer un fardeau de dimensions appropriées pour le stockage et le transport. Le fardeau constitué est ensuite banderolé dans les mêmes conditions que précédemment (figure 8).These modules are stacked on a pallet by gripping arms, in a determined number, so as to constitute a burden of dimensions suitable for storage and transport. The burden created is then wrapped under the same conditions as above (Figure 8).

Le banderolage est conduit dans les mêmes conditions que pour les rouleaux.The wrapping is carried out under the same conditions as for the rolls.

On obtient des fardeaux de grande hauteur (2500 mm ou plus) et qui sont d'une très bonne stabilité au point qu'ils peuvent être gerbés sans difficulté. Comme précédemment, ces fardeaux peuvent être exposés aux intempéries. Ils résistent bien aux manutentions automatiques et peuvent être transportés sans être couverts.We obtain bundles of great height (2500 mm or more) and which are of a very good stability to the point that they can be stacked without difficulty. As before, these burdens can be exposed to the weather. They are resistant to automatic handling and can be transported without being covered.

Claims (10)

1. Process for packaging compressible fibrous insulating products (5) in which :
the insulating products (5) are introduced into a compressing apparatus (11) in a predetermined number and in a regular stack, a film (16) enclosing this stack,
compression is carried out in the direction of the stack,
the film (16) is sealed around the stack in order to obtain a wrapped modular element,
compression is relaxed,
a plurality of modular elements are stacked to make up a group of modules, characterised in that sealing takes place by glueing or welding the film (16) onto itself around the compressed stack, the reaction of the products at the time of relaxation then the film (16) forming the wrapping and the modules are adjusted in the group of modules in such a way that the two adjacent module elements of the group of modules are in contact by the faces of the parallel module elements in the direction of stacking within the modules.
2. Packaging process according to Claim 1 in which the film (16) surrounding the stack is arranged at the entrance of the compressing apparatus (11) and is entrained by the products themselves as they progress, the film being stretched when the stack is compressed and prior to its being secured by adhesion.
3. Packaging process according to Claim 1 or 2 in which the film (16) enclosing the stack is constituted by two distinct sheets which are adhered or heat-welded at their ends in advance, these sheets emanating from two reels (17) situated on either side of the path of the products entering the compression apparatus, after which compression is carried out and each sheet is stretched over the stack, the sheets are adhered to each other by thermowelding on either side of a cutting line ensuring on the one hand detachment of the wrapped stack and on the other the formation of the adhered double sheet ready to receive a fresh stack of products.
4. Packaging process according to one of the preceding Claims in which the stacked modules forming the modular groups are gathered together by means of an extendable film which is strip wrapped around the periphery of these layers of stacks of modular elements.
5. Packaging process according to Claim 4 in which the modular elements are arranged on a pallet which is likewise incorporated into the strip wrapping so that the pallet becomes rigid with the group of modules and thus forms a bundle.
6. Packaging process according to Claim 4 or Claim 5 in which the bundle is covered at its top by a covering which overlaps the edges of the bundle maintained in position by rolls of strip film applied over the edges of the top covering which are folded down over the sides.
7. Packaging process according to Claim 6 in which the bundle receives a double ascending and descending layer of wrapping strip, the top covering being maintained between the windings corresponding to these two wrapping stages.
8. Packaging process according to Claim 5 and any one of Claims 6 or 7 in which a protective film is placed on the pallet and overlaps the edges thereof where it is held fast by the wrapping strip.
9. Packaging process according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 in which the film encircling the products is a polyethylene film of a thickness comprised between 40 and 100 micrometers.
10. Packaging process according to any one of Claims 4 to 8 in which the wrapping film strip is a polyethylene strip of 17 to 25 micrometers.
EP86402104A 1985-09-25 1986-09-25 Formation of loads of fibrous thermal insulation materials Expired EP0220980B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8514181A FR2587682B1 (en) 1985-09-25 1985-09-25 CONSTITUTION OF SHADES OF FIBROUS THERMAL INSULATORS
FR8514181 1985-09-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220980A1 EP0220980A1 (en) 1987-05-06
EP0220980B1 true EP0220980B1 (en) 1989-11-23

Family

ID=9323223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86402104A Expired EP0220980B1 (en) 1985-09-25 1986-09-25 Formation of loads of fibrous thermal insulation materials

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0220980B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3667044D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2587682B1 (en)
IE (1) IE60164B1 (en)
TR (1) TR22637A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524062A1 (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-01-20 Isover Saint-Gobain Method for making a load of rolls of compressible materials
WO2004103821A1 (en) 2003-05-22 2004-12-02 Knauf Insulation Sa Bundles of rolls and method for production thereof
DE102006033680A1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-24 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Method and device for producing a container from a plurality of individual packages as well as such a container
EP2206656A1 (en) 2009-01-13 2010-07-14 URSA Insulation, S.A. Package for mineral wool products, modules to form such package and process to manufacture such a package
WO2013030401A3 (en) * 2011-09-02 2013-05-02 Hi Tech Textile Holding Gmbh Packaging system for pressed bales with a transporting device

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DE10152385B4 (en) * 2001-10-24 2012-11-22 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Large containers made of several, in each case wound into a roll, foil-wrapped insulating material webs of mineral wool, in particular glass wool
ES2049571B1 (en) * 1991-06-24 1996-08-16 Consorcio Valenciano De Ingeni PROCEDURE FOR PRESSURE PACKAGING OF PRODUCTS SUSCEPTIBLE TO BE PRESSED AND RETRACTABLE FROM THE PACKAGE.
FR2719282B1 (en) * 1994-04-27 1996-05-31 Tictor Sa Device for compressing and packaging a stack of compressible products.
US5512346A (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-04-30 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Insulation assembly for compressible insulation material
IT1282272B1 (en) * 1994-10-03 1998-03-16 Grafica Sds Di D Alonzo L & C COMPRESSED T-SHIRTS TYPE T-SHIRT AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS CREATION.
DE20018106U1 (en) * 2000-10-23 2001-01-11 Saint Gobain Isover G & H Ag Transport unit made of insulation packages
ITFI20010135A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-13 Gualchierani Textile Automatio PRESS FOR THE FORMATION OF BALES OF TEXTILE MATERIAL OR OTHER, WITH COATING DEVICE USING A SHEET
DE10317392A1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-11-04 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Large containers for the transport and storage of insulating elements as well as modules made of insulating elements for this purpose
DE102005020892A1 (en) * 2005-05-04 2006-11-09 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Packaging unit for pipe shells
EP1777170A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2007-04-25 Knauf Insulation SA Assembly of stacked rolls or slabs of compressible insulation material
CN102633126A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-08-15 句容金猴机械研究所有限公司 Automatic palletizing system in rolling encaustic tile production equipment
FR3055321B1 (en) 2016-08-30 2018-08-31 Saint-Gobain Isover PACKAGE OF COMPRESSIBLE INSULATING PRODUCTS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH PACKET
FR3055322B1 (en) 2016-08-30 2021-06-18 Saint Gobain Isover MODULE INCLUDING INSULATION PRODUCTS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SUCH A MODULE
RU2751229C2 (en) * 2016-12-20 2021-07-12 Эссити Хайджин Энд Хелт Актиеболаг Method for compression of tissue paper

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EP0119032A1 (en) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-19 Distribution Development (Reading) Limited Packaging machine

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JPS5940683B2 (en) * 1980-12-13 1984-10-02 シンワ化学工業株式会社 Pallet stretch packaging method using composite stretch film
FR2510515B1 (en) * 1981-07-31 1985-12-06 Saint Gobain Isover PROCESS FOR PACKAGING PANELS OF COMPRESSIBLE MATERIAL AND PACKAGING PRODUCED BY THIS PROCESS

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EP0119032A1 (en) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-19 Distribution Development (Reading) Limited Packaging machine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524062A1 (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-01-20 Isover Saint-Gobain Method for making a load of rolls of compressible materials
FR2679200A1 (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-01-22 Saint Gobain Isover METHOD FOR MAKING A LOAD OF ROLLS OF COMPRESSIBLE MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME.
WO2004103821A1 (en) 2003-05-22 2004-12-02 Knauf Insulation Sa Bundles of rolls and method for production thereof
BE1015523A3 (en) 2003-05-22 2005-05-03 Knauf Insulation S A Roll package and manufacturing method thereof.
DE102006033680A1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-24 Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag Method and device for producing a container from a plurality of individual packages as well as such a container
EP2206656A1 (en) 2009-01-13 2010-07-14 URSA Insulation, S.A. Package for mineral wool products, modules to form such package and process to manufacture such a package
WO2010081779A1 (en) 2009-01-13 2010-07-22 Ursa Insulation S.A. Package for mineral wool products, modules to form such package and process to manufacture such a package
WO2013030401A3 (en) * 2011-09-02 2013-05-02 Hi Tech Textile Holding Gmbh Packaging system for pressed bales with a transporting device
US9650166B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-05-16 Hi Tech Textile Holding Gmbh Transporting device for pressed bales

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TR22637A (en) 1988-01-29
IE60164B1 (en) 1994-06-15
FR2587682A1 (en) 1987-03-27
EP0220980A1 (en) 1987-05-06
IE862414L (en) 1987-03-25
DE3667044D1 (en) 1989-12-28
FR2587682B1 (en) 1987-12-18

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