EP0217251B1 - Magnetic backlash eliminator for a time piece - Google Patents
Magnetic backlash eliminator for a time piece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0217251B1 EP0217251B1 EP86113006A EP86113006A EP0217251B1 EP 0217251 B1 EP0217251 B1 EP 0217251B1 EP 86113006 A EP86113006 A EP 86113006A EP 86113006 A EP86113006 A EP 86113006A EP 0217251 B1 EP0217251 B1 EP 0217251B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- magnet
- magnetic
- steel
- magnetic brake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- CLBRCZAHAHECKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Pt] Chemical compound [Co].[Pt] CLBRCZAHAHECKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt platinum Chemical compound [Co].[Pt].[Pt].[Pt] GUBSQCSIIDQXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011090 solid board Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B35/00—Adjusting the gear train, e.g. the backlash of the arbors, depth of meshing of the gears
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a train brake for a timepiece comprising a seconds wheel. It relates more particularly to a magnetic type brake with fixed magnet (DE-A-410 706).
- the object of the present invention is to produce a train brake which does not require any additional space in height, and which generates a braking torque ensuring good positioning of the seconds hand, without appreciable increase in consumption.
- This object is achieved thanks to the fact that the seconds wheel is made of magnetic steel and in that the magnet is located in line with the periphery of this wheel, radially set back from the teeth.
- the plate 10 has a hole in which is driven a tube 16.
- the bridge 12 has a hole in which is driven a stone 18, itself provided with a hole, coaxial with the tube 16.
- the tube 16 and the stone 18 constitute the bearings of the wheel 14.
- the bridge 12 further comprises a hole offset from the stone 18, in which is advantageously fixed by driving, a magnet 20 with axial magnetization.
- This magnet 20 has a thickness substantially equal to that of the bridge 12. It is cylindrical in shape and of diameter substantially equal to that of the hole, so that it can be driven out there.
- the wheel 14 has a shaft 22 and a solid board 24. Both the shaft 22, which carries a pinion, and the board 24, are made of steel. The board 24 is driven out and riveted onto the shaft 22.
- the periphery of the board 24 has teeth 26.
- the distance between the axis of the wheel 14 and the axis of the magnet 20 is such that the latter is located in line with the periphery of the wheel 14, but radially set back from the toothing 26 of this wheel 14.
- Tests were carried out with watch movements fitted with a second hand which presented a positioning defect. This defect was due to the backlash and the rebound of the gear train at the end of the driving impulse. To eliminate this defect, these movements were transformed by providing them with a steel wheel and a magnet. chased into a hole in the bridge. More precisely, the seconds wheel, with a diameter of 2.2 mm and a thickness of 0.10 mm, is made of hardened Sandwik 14P steel (hardness 530 HV). This type of material has a coercive field substantially equal to 50 Oe and a residual induction close to 9000 G.
- the magnet is made of platinum-cobalt, with a diameter equal to 0.30 mm, with a length equal to 0.50 mm, driven into the bridge, the distance between the axis of the wheel and the axis of the hole being equal to 0.82 mm.
- the distance between the magnet and the wheel (the air gap) is 0.12 mm.
- Another type of magnetic material can be chosen.
- materials with a high coercive field anisotropic ferrites, cobalt platinum and materials based on rare earths, are best suited.
- the magnet, the wheel and the distance between them will be chosen so that the steel in front of the magnet is close to saturation. Practical tests have shown that satisfactory results are obtained with a cylindrical magnet whose length is approximately twice its diameter, with a wheel whose thickness is substantially equal to the air gap, the latter being three to six times less. to the length of the magnet. These dimensional relationships are applicable if the magnet is platinum-cobalt. If another material is used, the dimensional ratios must be modified as a function of the characteristics of the material and more particularly of its coercive field and of its residual induction. More precisely, the length and the diameter can respectively be reduced with the increase in the coercive field and the residual induction.
- platinum-cobalt is particularly well suited, despite its high cost. It has the advantage of not being sintered, hence a very high mechanical strength and machinability, which allows the magnet to be driven out without risk of breakage.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
- Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un frein de rouage pour pièce d'horlogerie comportant une roue de secondes. Elle se rapporte plus particulièrement à un frein de type magnétique à aimant fixe (DE-A-410 706).The present invention relates to a train brake for a timepiece comprising a seconds wheel. It relates more particularly to a magnetic type brake with fixed magnet (DE-A-410 706).
Dans les montres à roue de secondes et plus spécialement les montres électroniques munies d'un moteur pas à pas, on constate que l'aiguille de secondes oscille à la fin d'une impulsion motrice, et s'arrête ailleurs qu'au droit des index du cadran. Ce phénomène est dû aux ébats d'engrenage. Il se rencontre particulièrement dans les montres où le moteur entraîne la roue de secondes par l'intermédiaire d'une, voire de deux roues intermédiaires. On trouve un comportement similaire dans les montres mécaniques dites à seconde au centre indirecte. Pour éliminer ce comportement inesthétique, il a été proposé de placer un frein sur la roue de secondes. Usuellement, ce frein est réalisé au moyen d'un ressort travaillant avec l'extrémité du pivot. Une telle construction prend malheureusement de la place en hauteur. Comme aujourd'hui l'épaisseur des montres est un paramètre important, cette solution n'est pas applicable.In watches with a second wheel and more particularly electronic watches fitted with a stepping motor, it is found that the second hand oscillates at the end of a driving impulse, and stops elsewhere than at the right of the dial index. This phenomenon is due to gear frolics. It is particularly encountered in watches where the motor drives the seconds wheel via one or even two intermediate wheels. Similar behavior is found in mechanical watches said to have a second in the indirect center. To eliminate this unsightly behavior, it has been proposed to place a brake on the seconds wheel. Usually, this brake is produced by means of a spring working with the end of the pivot. Unfortunately, such a construction takes up space. As today the thickness of watches is an important parameter, this solution is not applicable.
Il a également été proposé de réaliser un freinage mécanique en plaçant un aimant dans le voisinage de l'axe de la roue de secondes, de manière à augmenter la force de frottement de cette roue dans son pivotement. Cette solution a pour inconvénient d'exiger également de la place en hauteur (FR-A-1 276 205).It has also been proposed to perform mechanical braking by placing a magnet in the vicinity of the axis of the seconds wheel, so as to increase the friction force of this wheel in its pivoting. This solution has the disadvantage of also requiring space in height (FR-A-1 276 205).
Dans un cas comme dans l'autre, le pivotement de la roue de secondes est lubrifié. En conséquence, le frottement est avant tout un frottement de type visqueux c'est-à-dire croissant en fonction de la vitesse (voir aussi US-A-3 978 654).In either case, the pivoting of the seconds wheel is lubricated. Consequently, the friction is above all a viscous type friction, that is to say increasing as a function of the speed (see also US-A-3,978,654).
Il en résulte une forte augmentation du couple de freinage lors de l'entraînement du rouage, pour une faible augmentation du couple de positionnement. Cela revient à dire que la consommation augmente de manière sensible, pour un résultat modeste.This results in a large increase in the braking torque during the drive train, for a small increase in the positioning torque. This amounts to saying that consumption increases significantly, for a modest result.
Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser un frein de rouage ne nécessitant pas de place supplémentaire en hauteur, et générant un couple de freinage assurant un bon positionnement de l'aiguille de secondes, sans augmentation sensible de la consommation. Ce but est atteint grâce au fait que la roue de secondes est en acier magnétique et en ce que l'aimant se trouve au droit de la périphérie de cette roue, radialement en retrait de la denture.The object of the present invention is to produce a train brake which does not require any additional space in height, and which generates a braking torque ensuring good positioning of the seconds hand, without appreciable increase in consumption. This object is achieved thanks to the fact that the seconds wheel is made of magnetic steel and in that the magnet is located in line with the periphery of this wheel, radially set back from the teeth.
On a en effet constaté que, de manière surprenante, le fait de placer un aimant à la périphérie d'une roue faite en acier magnétique permet de réaliser un frein particulièrement efficace du point de vue du positionnement de la roue, tout en ayant une faible consommation d'énergie. Jusqu'ici l'homme du métier avait cherché à utiliser un matériau magnétique aussi doux que possible (faible champ coercitif) et un aimant aussi près que possible du centre, de manière à avoir une force d'attraction aussi élevée que possible pour générer un couple de frottement.It has in fact been found that, surprisingly, the fact of placing a magnet on the periphery of a wheel made of magnetic steel makes it possible to produce a particularly effective brake from the point of view of the positioning of the wheel, while having a low energy consumption. Hitherto those skilled in the art have sought to use a magnetic material as soft as possible (weak coercive field) and a magnet as close as possible to the center, so as to have as strong an attraction force as possible to generate a friction couple.
Dans le dispositif selon l'invention, tout porte à croire que le freinage est avant tout dû au fait que l'acier de la roue, dans le voisinage de l'aimant, parcourt à chaque déplacement de la roue un cycle complet d'hystérésis. Or, le champ coercitif de l'acier est supérieur à celui du fer doux. Le couple de freinage semble donc être généré avant tout par des phénomènes d'ordre magnétique; il ne varie pratiquement pas avec la vitesse. Il en résulte que pour un même effet de positionnement l'augmentation de la consommation d'énergie est plus faible avec une roue en acier qu'avec une en fer doux.In the device according to the invention, everything suggests that the braking is above all due to the fact that the steel of the wheel, in the vicinity of the magnet, travels with each movement of the wheel a complete cycle of hysteresis . However, the coercive field of steel is greater than that of soft iron. The braking torque therefore seems to be generated above all by magnetic phenomena; it hardly varies with speed. As a result, for the same positioning effect, the increase in energy consumption is lower with a steel wheel than with a soft iron.
Par ailleurs, le fait de réaliser la roue en acier plutôt qu'en fer doux offre de nombreux avantages du point de vue fabrication. Il est en effet bien connu que le fer doux est difficile à usiner, laisse facilement des bavures et qu'il se déforme au moindre choc, ce qui peut rendre la denture inutilisable. Au contraire, l'acier se laisse bien usiner et, particulièrement lorsqu'il est trempé, résiste aux chocs.Furthermore, the fact of making the wheel in steel rather than in soft iron offers numerous advantages from the manufacturing point of view. It is indeed well known that soft iron is difficult to machine, easily leaves burrs and that it deforms at the slightest impact, which can make the teeth unusable. On the contrary, steel can be machined well and, particularly when it is hardened, is shock resistant.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence au dessin dans lequel la figure unique représente un frein selon l'invention, associé à une montre partiellement représentée.The invention will be better understood in the light of the description which follows, made with reference to the drawing in which the single figure represents a brake according to the invention, associated with a watch partially represented.
Sur cette figure, on peut voir une platine 10, un pont 12, et une roue de secondes 14 pivotant dans le pont 12 et la platine 10.In this figure, we can see a
Plus précisément, la platine 10 comporte un trou dans lequel est chassé un tube 16. Le pont 12 comporte un trou dans lequel est chassé une pierre 18, elle-même munie d'un trou, coaxial au tube 16. Le tube 16 et la pierre 18 constituent les paliers de la roue 14. Le pont 12 comporte en outre un trou décalé par rapport à la pierre 18, dans lequel est fixé avantageusement par chassage, un aimant 20 à aimantation axiale. Cet aimant 20 a une épaisseur sensiblement égale à celle du pont 12. Il est de forme cylindrique et de diamètre sensiblement égal à celui du trou, afin qu'il puisse y être chassé. La roue 14 comporte un arbre 22 et une planche pleine 24. Tant l'arbre 22, qui porte un pignon, que la planche 24, sont en acier. La planche 24 est chassée et rivée sur l'arbre 22. La périphérie de la planche 24 porte une denture 26. La distance entre l'axe de la roue 14 et l'axe de l'aimant 20 est telle que celui-ci se trouve au droit de la périphérie de la roue 14, mais en retrait radialement de la denture 26 de cette roue 14.More specifically, the
Des essais ont été effectués avec des mouvements de montre munis d'une aiguille de secondes qui présentait un défaut de positionnement. Ce défaut était dû au jeu d'engrenage et au rebondissement du rouage en fin d'impulsion motrice. Pour supprimer ce défaut, ces mouvements ont été transformés en les munissant d'une roue en acier et d'un aimant chassé dans un trou du pont. Plus précisément, la roue de secondes, d'un diamètre de 2,2 mm et d'une épaisseur de 0,10 mm est faite en acier Sandwik 14P dur trempé (dureté 530 HV). Ce type de matériau a un champ coercitif sensiblement égal à 50 Oe et une induction rémanente voisine de 9000 G. L'aimant est en platine-cobalt, de diamètre égal à 0.30 mm, d'une longueur égale à 0.50 mm, chassé dans le pont, la distance entre l'axe de la roue et l'axe du trou étant égale à 0.82 mm. La distance entre l'aimant et la roue (l'entrefer) est égale à 0.12 mm.Tests were carried out with watch movements fitted with a second hand which presented a positioning defect. This defect was due to the backlash and the rebound of the gear train at the end of the driving impulse. To eliminate this defect, these movements were transformed by providing them with a steel wheel and a magnet. chased into a hole in the bridge. More precisely, the seconds wheel, with a diameter of 2.2 mm and a thickness of 0.10 mm, is made of hardened Sandwik 14P steel (hardness 530 HV). This type of material has a coercive field substantially equal to 50 Oe and a residual induction close to 9000 G. The magnet is made of platinum-cobalt, with a diameter equal to 0.30 mm, with a length equal to 0.50 mm, driven into the bridge, the distance between the axis of the wheel and the axis of the hole being equal to 0.82 mm. The distance between the magnet and the wheel (the air gap) is 0.12 mm.
Des mesures comparatives ont été faites avec des mouvements non transformés, c'est-à-dire munis d'une roue en laiton. Dans ces mouvements, un couple de freinage était réalisé par un clinquant de 0,03 mm d'épaisseur intercalé entre la roue des heures et le cadran. Ces mesures ont montré que la dispersion de la position de l'aiguille de seconde était réduite d'un facteur trois dans les mouvements munis d'un frein selon l'invention. Par contre, les variations des autres paramètres tels que consommation, couple utile ou limites de fonctionnement n'ont pas pu être mises en évidence de manière significative. Dans tous les cas, elles ne dépassent pas quelques pourcents.Comparative measurements were made with unprocessed movements, that is to say fitted with a brass wheel. In these movements, a braking torque was achieved by a foil of 0.03 mm thick inserted between the hour wheel and the dial. These measurements have shown that the dispersion of the position of the second hand was reduced by a factor of three in the movements provided with a brake according to the invention. On the other hand, variations in other parameters such as consumption, useful torque or operating limits could not be significantly highlighted. In all cases, they do not exceed a few percent.
D'autres types d'aciers peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser la planche de la roue. Toutefois, pour obtenir un résultat satisfaisant, il semble souhaitable que leur champ coercitif soit compris entre 10 Oe et 100 Oe. Si le champ coercitif est trop faible, le couple de freinage est réduit. Si au contraire il est trop fort, l'aimant ne permet plus de parcourir le cycle d'hystérésis complet.Other types of steel can be used to make the plank of the wheel. However, to obtain a satisfactory result, it seems desirable that their coercive field is between 10 Oe and 100 Oe. If the coercive field is too weak, the braking torque is reduced. If, on the contrary, it is too strong, the magnet no longer allows the complete hysteresis cycle to be traversed.
Selon le cas, on peut choisir un autre type de matériau magnétique. En règle générale, les matériaux à haut champ coercitif, soit les ferrites anisotropes, le platine cobalt et les matériaux à base de terres rares, sont les mieux adaptés.Depending on the case, another type of magnetic material can be chosen. In general, materials with a high coercive field, anisotropic ferrites, cobalt platinum and materials based on rare earths, are best suited.
Dans tous les cas, l'aimant, la roue et la distance les séparant seront choisis de manière que l'acier au droit de l'aimant soit proche de la saturation. Des essais pratiques ont montré que des résultats satisfaisants sont obtenus avec un aimant cylindrique dont la longueur est environ deux fois égale à son diamètre, avec une roue dont l'épaisseur est sensiblement égale à l'entrefer, ce dernier étant trois à six fois inférieur à la longueur de l'aimant. Ces relations dimensionnelles sont applicables si l'aimant est en platine-cobalt. Si un autre matériau est utilisé, les rapports dimensionnels doivent être modifiés en fonction des caractéristiques du matériau et plus particulièrement de son champ coercitif et de son induction rémanente. Plus précisément, la longueur et le diamètre peuvent respectivement être réduits avec l'augmentation du champ coercitif et de l'induction rémanente.In all cases, the magnet, the wheel and the distance between them will be chosen so that the steel in front of the magnet is close to saturation. Practical tests have shown that satisfactory results are obtained with a cylindrical magnet whose length is approximately twice its diameter, with a wheel whose thickness is substantially equal to the air gap, the latter being three to six times less. to the length of the magnet. These dimensional relationships are applicable if the magnet is platinum-cobalt. If another material is used, the dimensional ratios must be modified as a function of the characteristics of the material and more particularly of its coercive field and of its residual induction. More precisely, the length and the diameter can respectively be reduced with the increase in the coercive field and the residual induction.
Dans le cas des montres de petites dimensions, le platine-cobalt est particulièrement bien adapté, malgré son coût élevé. Il a pour avantage de ne pas être fritté, d'où une résistance mécanique et une usinabilité très grande, ce qui permet le chassage de l'aimant sans risque de casse.In the case of small watches, platinum-cobalt is particularly well suited, despite its high cost. It has the advantage of not being sintered, hence a very high mechanical strength and machinability, which allows the magnet to be driven out without risk of breakage.
Les essais ont été effectués avec un mouvement de montre. Il est bien évident que la solution décrite est aussi utilisable dans des pièces d'horlogerie de plus gros volume.The tests were carried out with a watch movement. It is obvious that the solution described can also be used in larger timepieces.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH424885A CH661403GA3 (en) | 1985-10-02 | 1985-10-02 | |
| CH4248/85 | 1985-10-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0217251A1 EP0217251A1 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| EP0217251B1 true EP0217251B1 (en) | 1989-06-21 |
Family
ID=4272560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86113006A Expired EP0217251B1 (en) | 1985-10-02 | 1986-09-20 | Magnetic backlash eliminator for a time piece |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4684263A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0217251B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6291886A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH661403GA3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3664069D1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK86992A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0187288U (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-06-08 | ||
| CH679823B5 (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-10-30 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | |
| JP2646946B2 (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1997-08-27 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | clock |
| US6804172B2 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2004-10-12 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Analog electronic timepiece including plural indicator wheels |
| EP2602674B1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2014-06-25 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Timepiece display device with combined display means |
| EP2672334A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-11 | Chopard Technologies SA | Clock mechanism with gear backlash reduction |
| CH707471B1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-07-31 | Rd Engineering Rudolf Dinger | controller system for mechanical watch. |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3978654A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1976-09-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha | Motion transformer |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE410706C (en) * | 1924-07-29 | 1925-03-05 | Tavannes Watch Co Sa | Drive mechanism for a second hand indirectly driven by intermediate gears |
| FR1276205A (en) * | 1960-12-14 | 1961-11-17 | Junghans Geb Ag | Device intended to prevent oscillations of rotating members in transmission trains |
| JPS5982706A (en) * | 1982-11-02 | 1984-05-12 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Platinum-alloy group composite material magnet |
-
1985
- 1985-10-02 CH CH424885A patent/CH661403GA3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-09-08 US US06/904,588 patent/US4684263A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-20 DE DE8686113006T patent/DE3664069D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-20 EP EP86113006A patent/EP0217251B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-10-01 JP JP61231346A patent/JPS6291886A/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-11-05 HK HK869/92A patent/HK86992A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3978654A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1976-09-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha | Motion transformer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK86992A (en) | 1992-11-13 |
| EP0217251A1 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
| US4684263A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
| DE3664069D1 (en) | 1989-07-27 |
| CH661403GA3 (en) | 1987-07-31 |
| JPS6291886A (en) | 1987-04-27 |
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