EP0213389B1 - Method of operating a continuous casting plant and a billet-oxygen cutting machine for carrying out the same - Google Patents

Method of operating a continuous casting plant and a billet-oxygen cutting machine for carrying out the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213389B1
EP0213389B1 EP86110343A EP86110343A EP0213389B1 EP 0213389 B1 EP0213389 B1 EP 0213389B1 EP 86110343 A EP86110343 A EP 86110343A EP 86110343 A EP86110343 A EP 86110343A EP 0213389 B1 EP0213389 B1 EP 0213389B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
billet
cutting machine
flame
measuring
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86110343A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0213389A2 (en
EP0213389A3 (en
Inventor
Horst K. Lotz
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Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik
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Aute AG Gesellschaft fuer Autogene Technik
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Priority to AT86110343T priority Critical patent/ATE48960T1/en
Publication of EP0213389A2 publication Critical patent/EP0213389A2/en
Publication of EP0213389A3 publication Critical patent/EP0213389A3/en
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Publication of EP0213389B1 publication Critical patent/EP0213389B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/126Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a continuous casting plant with a flame cutting machine for separating continuous castings.
  • the operation of a continuous caster depends on a large number of operating data.
  • large and therefore uneconomical tolerances are often provided, since the determination of operating data is based on theoretical values, which in practice are caused by various circumstances, such as mold wear and mold setting tolerances, casting temperature, casting speed, wear and tear Adjustment of support or drive rollers, cooling conditions and other more, not insignificant deviations, so that - to safely get a workpiece of a certain material weight - there are often large safety tolerances, which thus lead to an unavoidable loss of material.
  • the present invention is based on the object of making an optimizing strand cutting machine available which, in particular with a flame cutting machine, permits the cutting of a workpiece of a desired length which corresponds exactly or almost to a specific workpiece weight.
  • the invention has recognized that in order to achieve this aim it is necessary to start from the actual operating values of the continuous casting plants and that these actual operating values can only be obtained at the moment when the values to be determined no longer influence, i.e. in the area of the flame cutting machine, which performs the cut on the casting strand to achieve the workpiece.
  • the invention is based on a separate older proposal according to EP-A 0 195 095, which describes a method for operating a continuous casting system with a flame cutting machine for separating continuous castings, measurement data such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape being taken into account on the flame cutting machine Casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the current strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight are recorded, evaluated in a computing and control device and the values for optimizing control of the continuous casting system are provided on the one hand for direct operation and on the other hand for long-term optimization obtained values are entered into the flame cutting machine itself, for cutting a workpiece of a desired length that exactly or almost corresponds to a specific workpiece weight.
  • the invention proposes that for a loss-free cutting of the flame cutting machine as a calibration workpiece, a first strand piece, determined using conventional safety supplements, is measured and separated, and that the temperature, homogeneity and shape deviations thereby known are of a weight that takes the ideal case into account / Length ratio can be entered as a calibration value in a new piece length specification for cutting off a second strand piece in the flame cutting machine.
  • the invention proposes that a second strand piece produced on the basis of the calibration value be recovered and its weight / length ratio used as a correction value for determining the piece length of the third piece, furthermore the correction values of the third for the fourth strand piece, etc.
  • measuring devices for strand thickness, strand width, cross-sectional shape, temperature or other weight-determining properties are advantageously used in the area of the flame cutting machine to improve or confirm the measurement result.
  • the invention also makes a continuous cutting machine available for continuous casting plants for carrying out the method.
  • the strand cutting machine is provided with a track arranged parallel to the strand, on which the machine can be moved by means of a machine carriage and a follower for hydraulic, pneumatic or motorized clamping or unclamping, and is characterized by the fact that on or in the area of the cutting machine
  • Multiple measuring device is provided for recording a large number of measurement data, such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape, as well as casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the running strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight.
  • An advantageous embodiment consists in the fact that the computing and control device is used for long-term optimization for the entire continuous casting installation, in that the measured values are used to adjust the size of the casting mold, deform the strand support rollers in the rolling stand, the casting speed, the cooling conditions to reduce the convex and concave strand deformations and warning signals, for example to initiate the exchange of the mold or the rollers during a subsequent repair and for correction factors of the flame cutting machine.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the weighing device consists of two to three or, depending on the length of the strand, more weighing rollers, which can be raised and lowered on pressure measuring devices in the outlet roller table behind the flame cutting machine and that the weighing device the strand piece just cut off at a standstill or by runs for weighing, based on a position, e.g. B. from a light barrier.
  • a flame cutting machine 2 is shown, wherein the term "flame cutting machine” is to be understood as the entire flame cutting machine system, with the conventional support structures, rails and other parts for travel movements, supply devices and a multiple measuring device, a computing and control device 16 and a Weighing device 8 is assigned.
  • the multiple measuring device 21 goes far beyond the previous devices for piece length measurement. Rather, it is used to record a large number of measurement data, such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape, as well as casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the running strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight.
  • the flame cutting machine 2 with its multiple measuring device 21 is used for long-term optimization for the entire continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 by using the measured values via the connecting line 20 can find for adjusting the size of the mold 12, deforming the strand support rollers in the rolling stand, the casting speed, the cooling conditions to reduce the convex and concave strand deformations and warning signals, for example to initiate the replacement of the mold 12 or the rollers during a subsequent repair and for Corrections on the flame cutting machine 2.
  • the multiple measuring device 21 has a width and strand thickness measuring device 21 e, so that it is fundamentally possible to determine the weight of the workpiece to be cut with the help of the specific weight.
  • the multiple measuring device 21, 2le is designed such that scanning operations take place at several points with respect to the width and thickness of the workpiece, as well as from both sides, i. H. to the right and left of the casting strand 1 and above and below in order to detect the exact shape of the workpiece, in particular any concave or convex configuration.
  • the measurement of the strand width can be carried out by means of pulse generators which are firmly connected to the pinion and rack drive on burner transverse travel drives and a pulse counter to determine the distances from predetermined and repeatable zero points to the two strand edges.
  • Edge sensors are installed between the control of the torch travel and the cutting cycles so that the actual width of strand 1 can be measured for further processing and creation of correction factors or signals.
  • pulse generators on the clip arm system for pincer-like clamping on the string sides and to provide a pulse counter, the distances from the predetermined and repeatable, fully open zero positions to the clamped string sides being measured by touch, so that the actual string width for the Further processing for creating correction factors or signals can be passed on.
  • Another option is to install pulse generators with pulse counters on two specially installed probe rod systems, which can be moved from specific and repeatable zero-starting positions to contact on the string sides at appropriate times and thus give the actual string width for further processing to create correction factors and signals .
  • the strand thickness measuring device 21 e with which the multiple measuring device 21 of the flame cutting machine 2 is provided, consists either of a pulse counter and a pulse generator, which meshes with a pinion in a toothed rack, which either has a predetermined and repeatable zero position with the machine parts to be placed on the strand 1 for synchronization to the strand 1 and to the flame cutting machine 2 up to the contact when placed on the strand 1 with down and thus the actual thickness of the strand, which is supported on a roller table or similar, which has a certain level, as well as the flame cutting machine 2, which moves on rails at a certain level, for further processing for the creation of correction factors or signals, wherein signals are given for the further processing for the creation of correction factors, or it is a pulse counter and Impulsge built-in generator, which is moved by a swinging down, by a compressed air driven arm for a friction synchronization of the cutting machine 2 with the upper strand surface, so that the actual strand thickness are given for further processing and for the creation of correction factors
  • a pulse counter and a pulse generator on a special height probe rod, which moves from a predetermined and repeatable zero position on the appropriate occasion until the strand surface is touched. This gives the actual strand thickness for processing and creating correction factors and / or signals.
  • a pulse counter with a pulse generator can also be provided on the burner height adjustment buttons, with predetermined, repeatable zero positions for moving the burner downwards for the appropriate nozzle spacing after scanning the exact strand surface. This determines the actual strand thickness for further processing to create correction factors and signals.
  • a pulse counter and a pulse generator can also be provided on a lever or slide in a slide guide on or in the area of the flame cutting machine.
  • a measuring roller 7 moves from a specific and repeatable zero position to measure the length or another probe is lowered onto the strand surface and thus the actual strand thickness is determined for further processing and for creating correction factors and / or signals.
  • two or more thickness measuring devices can be provided, which work from bottom to top against the lower strand surface.
  • Existing devices or special drives and probing mechanisms with pulse generators are used to create the thickness measurement results more precisely by forming the difference against the surface measuring pulse measurement and counting device.
  • the multiple measuring device 21 also includes a temperature measuring device 21d.
  • thermometer installed inside or on parts that touch the strand for synchronous operation. Wearing plates of the clamping arms or ride-on runners are to be mentioned here, from which temperature measurements can be carried out at certain times. H. especially for a correction shortly before determining the length of the next workpiece. For this purpose, corresponding signals are input into the length measuring device 21f.
  • Means for measuring the line speed also belong to the said multiple measuring device. These are equipped with a pulse speed counter to determine the number of pulses emanating from the conventional length measuring device 21, which is driven by a strand with a measuring wheel by friction and rotates a pulse generator. Within a predetermined time, e.g. B. 1 minute, the pulses are counted and the actual strand speed in the vicinity of the strand cutting machine 2 is measured in order to process this speed in comparison with empirically determined correction factors or speed ratios and to pass improved correction factors into the length measuring device 21f or at other points in the continuous casting installation.
  • a pulse speed counter to determine the number of pulses emanating from the conventional length measuring device 21, which is driven by a strand with a measuring wheel by friction and rotates a pulse generator.
  • the pulses are counted and the actual strand speed in the vicinity of the strand cutting machine 2 is measured in order to process this speed in comparison with empirically determined correction factors or speed ratios and to pass improved correction factors into the length measuring device 21f or at other
  • the multiple measuring device 21 consists of a plurality of measuring devices 21 a to g, the most important of which have been explained, i. H. when the need to acquire special data occurs, the multimeter 21 can be expanded accordingly.
  • the multiple measuring device is assigned a computing and control device 16, which processes the measured values obtained and transmits corresponding signals not only for the operation of the continuous cutting machine 2, but also for the entire continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12.
  • corresponding connections 17, 18, 20 and circuits are provided so that, for example, the size of the casting mold 12 can be set on the basis of the signals obtained and emitted or the deforming position of the strand support or transport rollers in the rolling stand of the casting system can be set.
  • Warning signals can also be emitted by the computing and control device 16 of the flame cutting machine 2 in order to indicate, if necessary, the need to replace the mold 12 and the rollers in the event of a future repair.
  • a marking device 21 a is also provided on the flame cutting machine for stamping or for labeling or signals to be applied in some other way in the form of letters and / or numbers on the upper sides or front surfaces of the strand 1.
  • This marking takes place with the movement of the flame cutting machine 2 when cutting during synchronous operation or with a device 21a which is attached to the flame cutting machine 2 in a stationary manner and which can also be arranged directly in its vicinity.
  • the future strand pieces are marked while the strand runs past at the casting speed or with the aid of a device 21 a attached to the flame cutting machine 2, the future strand piece passing at a speed which results from the casting speed and the flame cutting speed while the flame cutting machine is standing or back into the Starting or starting position is running.
  • the line speed pulse generator or counter is used to calculate the necessary relative speed, which corresponds to the marking speed.
  • All of these data applied to the strand with the use of a one-, two- or multi-line marking serve to control the operation of the continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 or flame cutting machine 2, by using data or corresponding signals that relate to material composition, the underlying cutting temperature of the material, the underlying cross-section and workpiece shape, the originally required piece length and more. It is thus possible to determine the final, cold length, including more information, for example strand weight measurement, or to regulate a statistical system for the end result of long-term optimization.
  • a scale remover 21 b also serves for the proper working of a flame cutting machine with the above-described devices. It serves for a perfect marking, a better error detection and also a better measurement. It preferably consists of a high-performance heating burner for melting and blowing away the scale in front of and in the area of the marking, preferably on the side surfaces. The removal of the scale ensures a clean and reliable marking result that conveys the necessary information at least until the strand piece enters the reheating furnace. But also in the area of measuring probes or sensors, it is important that scale is removed to ensure an accurate temperature, thickness, width or shape measurement.
  • the scale removal device 21b can be provided with a flame burner in order to clean parts of the outer sides or surfaces for fault finding and to carry out selection error elimination by means of flames.
  • the weight of the removed material is to be entered into the computing and control device 16 by measuring and calculating the length, width and depth of flame paths, in order to determine a piece length correction factor for optimization.
  • the return speed of the flame cutting machine 2 is predetermined in order to determine, together with the continuous casting speed, a relative speed which corresponds to the flame speed.
  • a fault detection device 21 which is also arranged on the flame cutting machine, is used for an "in-line" test of hot, warm and cold strand surfaces by means of optical, induction heat or eddy current devices.
  • the device works at casting speed, internal combustion engine travel speed or corresponding relative speeds.
  • Correction factors are obtained by the fault finder 21c, which - based on the fault size - influence the piece length measurement.
  • an optimizing continuous cutting machine 2 is made available which, with its facilities, enables a continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 to be operated under optimal operating conditions. Above all, the necessary tolerances when cutting off workpieces are significantly reduced, which means that the production or output of the continuous caster is optimized. It is possible to cut a workpiece in a desired length in such a way that it corresponds exactly or almost to a certain workpiece weight. Unmistakable strand piece identification enables quality control and quality improvement, especially for the recommended energy-saving use of hot strand pieces in pusher furnaces.
  • the strand cutting machine 2 together with conventional piece measuring devices for indicating the start of cutting is the first device which is not used to produce a continuous strand, but rather to produce strand pieces.
  • the devices 21 e for measuring the strand thickness and strand width, as well as further devices of the multiple measuring device 21, which belongs to the flame cutting machine 2 in particular enable optimized piece length preselection with precise marking of data for piece identification and further processing.
  • a casting strand 1 from which the cropping or composite piece 1 is separated, and a first strand piece or calibration piece 1.1, which is provided with conventional safety supplements. Furthermore, a second strand section 1.2 to be separated, a third strand section 1.3 and a fourth strand section 1.4 are shown.
  • These strand pieces are cut off by a strand cutting machine 2 which is provided with a cutting torch 3.
  • the strand cutting machine 2 with the cutting torch 3 can be moved along the strand 1 on a flame cutting machine track 4.
  • a measuring wheel 5 runs on a correspondingly arranged rack 6.
  • a stationary measuring roller 7 is arranged under the strand 1.
  • the strand pieces 1.1 to 1.4 to be separated must sen have a certain amount of material so that subsequent work processes, for example, rolled pieces with a certain dimension are guaranteed. Too little material leads to rejects, so that in practice considerable safety surcharges are made.
  • the casting strand 1 is not subject to any changes.
  • the molds for example, wear out and the geometry of the systems is subject to mechanical changes due to temperature influences. Damage to the rollers, the strand guide setting and the narrow side setting on the mold also lead to changes in cross-section.
  • casting technology influences are also of great importance. So changes to the strand result from a pan change, a tundish change, application of casting powder, to name just a few. Above all, however, the casting speed and the casting temperature or the type of cooling also play a major role. The latter in particular is responsible for the formation of the casting strand, i.e. its spatial deformation.
  • Fig. 3 the computing and control device is shown schematically, which in connection with the weighing device 8 makes it possible to cut strand pieces 1.2 to 1.4 which correspond exactly or almost exactly to the desired requirements.
  • the invention is based on the fact that regardless of the shape of the strand and its homogeneity, the desired amount of material for further processing can be determined by a weighing process.
  • the casting strand 1 is cast from a ladle 10 via a distributor groove 11 through the mold 12 and moves in the direction of arrow 13 into the area of the flame cutting machine 2 with the measuring roller 7.
  • This strand which - as explained - can have a different shape in its shape and change during the casting process and, in addition to changing homogeneity, is also subject to shrinkage, can only be cut into strand pieces that meet the requirements, taking into account a kerf width f for the subsequent processing operations when the amount of material of the cut strand piece reaches a certain value.
  • the amount of material of a casting 1.1 to 1.4 which corresponds to a certain length xi to x 4 , can be determined with the aid of the weighing device 8 by the weight of the corresponding strand piece.
  • a calibration piece 1.1 with the conventional safety supplements is cut off and weighed by the weighing device 8.
  • the corresponding value is introduced via a transmission line 15 to a process computer 16 for controlling the flame cutting machine.
  • the process computer 16 further receives the measured values from the measuring wheel 5 of the flame cutting machine 2 and from the stationary measuring roller 3 via the transmission line 17 and thus controls the cut or the length x 2 for the second strand piece 1.2 on the basis of the calibration piece 1.1 already cut off.
  • the second strand piece 1.2 with the length x 2 After the second strand piece 1.2 with the length x 2 has been cut off, it is also weighed by the weighing device 8 and the measured value is fed back to the process computer 16 via the transmission line 15. If necessary, this determines a correction value for the following third strand piece 1.3, so that an optimized length x 3 is also cut off by the flame cutting machine 2 in this case. In the same way, the weight of the strand section 1.3 is used to optimize the following fourth strand section 1.4 and the corresponding length X4 is determined, which is to be taken into account by the flame cutting machine 2 when cutting off this strand section 1.4.
  • the process computer 6 is connected via a transmission line 8 to a mainframe computer.
  • control or control data can be given to the casting device via the transmission line 20, and vice versa from the casting device 10, 11 , 12 measurement data can be given via the transmission line 20 to the process computer 16 or the mainframe system 19.
  • control for direct operation long-term optimization of the continuous caster can also be made possible.
  • the entire casting process can be mastered in an optimal manner by capturing data of the strand thickness, strand width, cross-sectional shape, temperature and other properties determining the cross-section by means known per se, such as scanning devices, and passed on to the process computer 16 by means of a multiple measuring device 21 of the flame cutting machine 2, which is only indicated schematically will.
  • FIG. 4 shows a workpiece 101 which has been cut from a strand with the aid of a strand cutting machine (not shown) that is.
  • the workpiece 101 is located above a weighing device 102, which is arranged under the workpiece 101.
  • weighing rollers 104 are provided which rest on pivot lever 105 in a pivot bearing 106 which is arranged in a stationary manner and is preferably arranged on the supports 107 for the roller table rollers 103.
  • the weighing rollers 104 on their swivel levers 105 are supported by force or weight measuring devices, which consist of load cells 108 which act on the pressure cylinder 109.
  • the weighing rollers 104 can be raised and lowered, so that in the raised state the workpiece 101 is no longer supported by the roller table rollers 103, but rests solely on the weighing rollers 104, so that a weighing process with respect to the workpiece 101 is carried out via the pressure cells 108 can.
  • the weighing process is initiated when the workpiece 101 has reached a certain position, which is determined, for example, by a light barrier.
  • the weighing process can be carried out at a standstill or continuously, in the latter case additional damping devices (not shown) can be provided for the movement of the workpiece 101.
  • the pressure measurement results with workpiece weight, as well as without workpiece weight, ie the dead weight of the weighing device 102, are forwarded to a length measuring and control device of the flame cutting machine.
  • a new piece length is converted for each subsequent workpiece to be cut from the strand on the basis of the workpiece weight specification and this is entered as a piece length preselection for the flame cutting machine control.
  • the flame cutting machine with an associated weighing device enables the end of the casting strand to be optimized with respect to the content of the ladles and the distributor channel.
  • the loss due to inaccurate workpiece lengths is minimized, and in the case of sequence castings, adjustment to the most varied changing operating parameters is made possible by the flame cutting machine cutting off workpieces 101 which exactly or almost correspond to a specific workpiece weight.
  • FIG. 5 shows the modified embodiment of a measuring device, in which the workpiece 101 in turn rests on weighing rollers 104 which are arranged between the roller table rollers 103.
  • the weighing rollers 104 can also be designed as webs.
  • the weighing rollers 104 are fastened to balance levers 105, which rest in an articulated manner in balance lever bearings 116.
  • a single-acting piston-cylinder arrangement 117 engages the balance lever 105 and is supported on the measuring arm 118 of a force or weight measuring device 119.
  • the measuring arm 118 rests in a measuring arm bearing 120 and is connected at its opposite end to a pull rod 121 at 122.
  • a further measuring arm 124 which rests in a measuring arm bearing 125 and on which a one-sided cylinder piston arrangement 117 is supported in the same way, acts on the pull rod 121 at 123.
  • the weighing data are passed on to control the flame cutting machine, which is not shown in detail.
  • the weighing device can work with at least two interacting weighing part devices consisting of weighing roller 104, balance lever 105 and support 117.
  • weighing roller 104 For very long workpieces, two or more weighing component devices 104, 105, 117 are provided, it being practical if there are no side-by-side interactions. More weighing rollers 104 are then provided than are shown in FIG. 5.
  • the corresponding measuring arms must then also be connected to the pull rod 121 of the central scale 126.
  • FIG. 6 shows an internal cutting machine 130, which is located above the strand or the workpiece 101.
  • a synchronization lever 133 is mounted on the machine body 131 at the rear end in a bearing 132, which can be raised or lowered by a pneumatic cylinder 134 on the machine body 131.
  • this carries a shield 135 with a runner 136 in front of the machine body.
  • the flame cutting machine 130 is placed on the line 101, which results in a synchronized movement.
  • a burner track is designated on which the burner carriage 138 sits.
  • the burner carriage 138 carries a burner boom 139 which carries the burner 140 with the nozzle 141 at the lower end.
  • the burner carriage 138 with the burner 140 can be moved across the strand 101 by a water-cooled motor on the burner track 137 so as to separate a workpiece 101 from the strand.
  • a water-permeable heat protection plate 142 which extends below the machine body 131, is fastened to the shield 135.
  • the heat protection plate 142 has a slot 143 through which the burner arm 139 protrudes.
  • a measuring roller lever 144 is attached to the rear of the machine body 131; which carries at its lower end a measuring roller 145 which runs along the side of the strand 101.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flame cutting machine 130 with a modified lever system for producing the synchronous movement of the flame cutting machine with the strand.
  • the flame cutting machine ent speaks in principle the one explained in Fig. 6, and the reference numerals refer to the same parts.
  • a parallelogram lever system is suspended from the machine body 131 in bearings 132a and 132b.
  • a lever 133a is articulated on the bearing 132a
  • a lever 133b is articulated on the bearing 132b.
  • the levers 133a and 133b carry a main link 133c which runs parallel to the machine body 131 and is raised or lowered by the pneumatic cylinder 134.
  • the main link 133c carries the shield 135 with a skid 136, which is placed on the strand 101 to produce a synchronous movement.
  • a flame cutting machine 2 is shown above the casting strand 1.
  • This consists of a machine frame 23 with wheels 24. These roll on the track 25, which rests on a support 26.
  • the machine frame carries a torch track 27 with a torch carriage 28, to which the cutting torch 3 is attached via a torch arm 29.
  • Lowering rockers 31 are attached in bearings 30, which enable a lifting and lowering cylinder 32 to lower the burner track 27 via a lifting lowering arm 33 until the skid 34, which is attached to a support frame 35, comes to rest on the casting strand 1.
  • a heat protection plate 36 Arranged under the burner track 27 is a heat protection plate 36 through which water flows, which has an angled shape and protects the flame cutting machine 2 against heat radiation from below and in front.
  • a slot 37 is provided in the front part of the heat protection plate 36. It extends through the burner cantilever arms 29 and supports the burner 3.
  • a supply pipe 38 for pelletizing water.
  • This supply tube 38 is formed from square tubes and carries burner alignment stops 39 for precisely aligning the burners 3 with one another in order to achieve cuts which are exactly aligned in one plane on the casting strand 1.
  • the machine frame 23 is welded together from hollow profiles and is flowed through by water for cooling purposes.
  • This machine frame 23, consisting of transverse and longitudinal profiles, is a torsion-resistant construction and therefore also ensures accurate guidance of the burners 3 and thus an exact cut on the casting strand 1.
  • FIG. 11 shows a measuring roller 7, which runs with its measuring wheel 41 on the strand 1.
  • the measuring wheel 41 sits at the end of a hollow measuring shaft 42 through which a centrally arranged, rotating cooling water pipe 43 extends.
  • the hollow measuring shaft 42 is mounted in the measuring roller housing 45 with the aid of measuring shaft bearings 44.
  • the measuring shaft housing 45 can be pivoted about a tilting bearing 47 by means of a reciprocating piston 46.
  • the measuring shaft housing 45 with the reciprocating piston 46 and the tilting bearing 47 is mounted on a sliding carriage 48 which can be displaced at right angles to the casting strand movement by means of a sliding drive 49, so that the measuring wheel 41 can be displaced transversely to the strand axis for twin or triple casting.
  • a drive wheel 50 which is connected via a drive chain or a toothed belt 51 to a drive wheel 52 which is connected to a pulse generator 53.
  • a water supply pipe 54 leads to a rotary water feedthrough 55, from which the cooling water pipe 43 in the hollow measuring shaft 42 is fed.
  • a water channel is designated, which is attached to the transfer carriage 48.
  • the stationary measuring roller 3 may also not be designed to be displaceable or it may not be mounted stationary on the flame cutting machine 2.
  • An overhead tilting bearing can be provided, from which the measuring wheel runs hanging on the strand, which is not shown.
  • the described method with the explained flame cutting machine for its implementation not only enables the end of the casting strand 1 to be optimized with respect to the content of the casting ladles 10 and the distributor trough 11, but also minimizes the loss due to inaccurate casting piece lengths and, in the case of sequence castings, enables adjustment to a wide variety of changing operating parameters, so that the entire casting process is completely manageable.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Shearing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

1. Method for operating a continuous casting plant with a flame-cutting machine for separating cast pieces, in which measurement data, such as billet width, billet thickness and cross-sectional billet shape, are acquired at the flame-cutting machine, while taking account of the pouring temperature, pouring speed, homogeneity over the moving billet length, billet surface defects and relative material density, and evaluated in a computing and control device, the values for an optimizing control of the continuous casting plant, on the one hand for immediate operation and on the other for long-term optimization, are made available and the values obtained are fed into the actual flame-cutting machine, for cutting off a workpiece of a desired length corresponding exactly or almost exactly to a certain workpiece weight, characterised in that, in order to divide the billet without wastage, a first billet piece, which is determined with conventional safety allowances, is measured and separated by the flame-cutting machine as a calibration workpiece and that the temperature, homogeneity and shape deviations, which are known from the latter, from a weight/length ratio which takes account of the ideal case, are fed into the flame-cutting machine as a calibration value for programming a new piece length for the purpose of separating a second billet piece.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Stranggießanlage mit einer Brennschneidmaschine zum Abtrennen von Stranggußstücken.The invention relates to a method for operating a continuous casting plant with a flame cutting machine for separating continuous castings.

Der Betrieb einer Stranggießanlage ist von einer Vielzahl von Betriebsdaten abhängig. Um Werkstücke mit einem bestimmten Gewicht zu erhalten, werden oft große und damit unwirtschaftliche Toleranzen vorgesehen, da bei der Ermittlung von Betriebsdaten von theoretischen Werten ausgegangen wird, die in der Praxis aber durch verschiedene Umstände, wie Kokillenabnutzung und Kokilleneinstelltoleranzen, Gießtemperatur, Gießgeschwindigkeit, Verschleiß und Einstellung von Unterstützungs- oder Antriebsrollen, Abkühlbedingungen und anderes mehr, nicht unerhebliche Abweichungen aufweisen, so daß - um mit Sicherheit ein Werkstück von einem bestimmten Materialgewicht zu erhalten - sich oft große Sicherheitstoleranzen ergeben, die somit zu einem nicht vermeidbaren Materialverlust führen.The operation of a continuous caster depends on a large number of operating data. In order to obtain workpieces with a certain weight, large and therefore uneconomical tolerances are often provided, since the determination of operating data is based on theoretical values, which in practice are caused by various circumstances, such as mold wear and mold setting tolerances, casting temperature, casting speed, wear and tear Adjustment of support or drive rollers, cooling conditions and other more, not insignificant deviations, so that - to safely get a workpiece of a certain material weight - there are often large safety tolerances, which thus lead to an unavoidable loss of material.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine optimierende Strangbrennschneidanlage verfügbar zu machen, die insbesondere mit einer Brennschneidmaschine das Abschneiden eines Werkstücks von einer gesuchten Länge erlaubt, die einem bestimmten Werkstückgewicht genau oder nahezu entspricht.In contrast, the present invention is based on the object of making an optimizing strand cutting machine available which, in particular with a flame cutting machine, permits the cutting of a workpiece of a desired length which corresponds exactly or almost to a specific workpiece weight.

Die Erfindung hat erkannt, daß es zur Erreichung dieses Ziels erforderlich ist, von den tatsächlichen Betriebswerten der Stranggießanlagen auszugehen, und daß diese tatsächlichen Betriebswerte genau in dem Moment erst gewonnen werden können, in dem keine weitere Beeinflussung der zu ermittelnden Werte mehr stattfindet, d.h. im Bereich der Brennschneidmaschine, die den Schnitt am Gießstrang zur Erzielung des Werkstücks durchführt.The invention has recognized that in order to achieve this aim it is necessary to start from the actual operating values of the continuous casting plants and that these actual operating values can only be obtained at the moment when the values to be determined no longer influence, i.e. in the area of the flame cutting machine, which performs the cut on the casting strand to achieve the workpiece.

Die Erfindung geht von einem eigenen älteren Vorschlag nach der EP-A 0 195 095 aus, die ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Stranggußanlage mit einer Brennschneidmaschine zum Abtrennen von Stranggußstücken beschreibt, wobei an der Brennschneidmaschine Meßdaten, wie Strangbreite, Strangdicke und Strangquerschnittsform, unter Berücksichtigung von Gießtemperatur, Gießgeschwindigkeit, Homogenität über die laufende Stranglänge, Strangoberflächenfehler und spezifisches Materialgewicht erfaßt werden, in einer Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung ausgewertet werden und die Werte für eine optimierende Steuerung der Stranggießanlage einerseits für den unmittelbaren Betrieb und andererseits für eine Langzeitoptimierung zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die gewonnenen Werte in die Brennschneidmaschine selbst eingegeben werden, zum Abschneiden eines Werkstücks von einer gesuchten Länge, die einem bestimmten Werkstückgewicht genau oder nahezu entspricht.The invention is based on a separate older proposal according to EP-A 0 195 095, which describes a method for operating a continuous casting system with a flame cutting machine for separating continuous castings, measurement data such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape being taken into account on the flame cutting machine Casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the current strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight are recorded, evaluated in a computing and control device and the values for optimizing control of the continuous casting system are provided on the one hand for direct operation and on the other hand for long-term optimization obtained values are entered into the flame cutting machine itself, for cutting a workpiece of a desired length that exactly or almost corresponds to a specific workpiece weight.

In weiterer Ausbildung dieses Verfahrens schlägt die Erfindung vor, daß für ein verlustfreies Zerteilen von der Brennschneidmaschine als Kalibrierwerkstück ein erstes, mit herkömmlichen Sicherheitszuschlägen bestimmtes Strangstück gemessen und abgetrennt wird und daß die dadurch gekannten Temperatur-, Homogenitäts- und Formabweichungen von einem den Idealfall berücksichtigenden Gewicht/Länge-Verhältnis als Kalibrierwert in eine neue Stücklängenvorgabe zum Abtrennen eines zweiten Strangstücks in die Brennschneidmaschine eingegeben werden.In a further development of this method, the invention proposes that for a loss-free cutting of the flame cutting machine as a calibration workpiece, a first strand piece, determined using conventional safety supplements, is measured and separated, and that the temperature, homogeneity and shape deviations thereby known are of a weight that takes the ideal case into account / Length ratio can be entered as a calibration value in a new piece length specification for cutting off a second strand piece in the flame cutting machine.

Gemäß ihrer Weiterbildung schlägt die Erfindung vor, daß ein aufgrund des Kalibrierwertes hergestelltes zweites Strangstück wiedergewonnen und sein Gewicht/Längen-Verhältnis als Korrekturwert zur Stücklängenbestimmung des dritten Stücks eingesetzt wird, weiter die Korrekturwerte des dritten für das vierte Strangstück u.s.w.According to its development, the invention proposes that a second strand piece produced on the basis of the calibration value be recovered and its weight / length ratio used as a correction value for determining the piece length of the third piece, furthermore the correction values of the third for the fourth strand piece, etc.

Dabei werden mit Vorteil im Bereich der Brennschneidmaschine angebrachte Meßeinrichtungen für Strangdicke, Strangbreite, Querschnittsform, Temperatur oder sonstige gewichtsbestimmende Eigenschaften zur Verbesserung oder Bestätigung des Meßergebnisses eingesetzt.Here, measuring devices for strand thickness, strand width, cross-sectional shape, temperature or other weight-determining properties are advantageously used in the area of the flame cutting machine to improve or confirm the measurement result.

Die Erfindung macht gleichermaßen eine Strangbrennschneidmaschine für Stranggießanlagen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens verfügbar. Die Strangbrennschneidmaschine ist versehen mit einer parallel zum Strang angeordneten Laufbahn, auf der die Maschine mittels eines Maschinenwagens und einer Mitlaufvorrichtung zum hydraulischen, pneumatischen oder motorischen An- oder Aufklemmen verfahrbar ist, und zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß an der Brennschneidmaschine oder in deren Bereich eine Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, zur Erfassung einer Vielzahl von Meßdaten, wie Strangbreite, Strangdicke und Strangquerschnittsform, sowie Gießtemperatur, Gießgeschwindigkeit, Homogenität über die laufende Stranglänge, Strangoberflächenfehler und spezifisches Materialgewicht.The invention also makes a continuous cutting machine available for continuous casting plants for carrying out the method. The strand cutting machine is provided with a track arranged parallel to the strand, on which the machine can be moved by means of a machine carriage and a follower for hydraulic, pneumatic or motorized clamping or unclamping, and is characterized by the fact that on or in the area of the cutting machine Multiple measuring device is provided for recording a large number of measurement data, such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape, as well as casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the running strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight.

Dabei besteht eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform darin, daß die Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung zur Langzeitoptimierung für die gesamte Stranggießanlage dient, indem die gemessenen Werte Verwendung finden zur Einstellung der Größe der Gießkokille, Verformen der Strangunterstützungsrollen im Rollgerüst, der Gießgeschwindigkeit, der Kühlungsbedingungen zur Verringerung der konvexen und konkaven Strangverformungen und von Warnsignalen, um beispielsweise den Austausch der Kokille oder der Rollen während einer folgenden Reparatur zu initiieren und für Korrekturfaktoren der Brennschneidmaschine.An advantageous embodiment consists in the fact that the computing and control device is used for long-term optimization for the entire continuous casting installation, in that the measured values are used to adjust the size of the casting mold, deform the strand support rollers in the rolling stand, the casting speed, the cooling conditions to reduce the convex and concave strand deformations and warning signals, for example to initiate the exchange of the mold or the rollers during a subsequent repair and for correction factors of the flame cutting machine.

Weitere Ausbildungen der Strangbrennschneidmaschine sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet; insbesondere die Weiterbildung der Erfindung, daß der Brennschneidmaschine bzw. der Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung eine Wiegeeinrichtung zugeordnet ist und daß die Wiegeeinrichtung die Wiegemeßdaten zur Steuerung der Brennschneidmaschine weitergibt.Further designs of the strand cutting machine are characterized in the subclaims; in particular the development of the invention that a weighing device is assigned to the flame cutting machine or the multiple measuring device and that the weighing device passes on the weighing measurement data for controlling the flame cutting machine.

Eine dazu besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Wiegeeinrichtung aus zwei bis drei oder je nach Strangstücklänge mehr Wiegerollen besteht, die heb- und senkbar auf Druckmeßeinrichtungen im Auslaufrollgang hinter der Brennschneidmaschine angeordnet sind und daß die Wiegeeinrichtung das jeweils gerade abgeschnittene Strangstück im Stillstand oder Durchlauf zum Wiegen anhebt, aufgrund einer Positionsangabe, z. B. von einer Lichtschranke.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the weighing device consists of two to three or, depending on the length of the strand, more weighing rollers, which can be raised and lowered on pressure measuring devices in the outlet roller table behind the flame cutting machine and that the weighing device the strand piece just cut off at a standstill or by runs for weighing, based on a position, e.g. B. from a light barrier.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung die Stranggießanlage mit Brennschneidmaschine und zugeordneter Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung, Wiegeeinrichtung und Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Wiege-, Meß- und Schneidsystem in schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 3 in schematischer Darstellung die Arbeitsweise der Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung,
  • Fig. 4 eine Wiegeeinrichtung,
  • Fig. 5 eine andere Ausführungsform einer Wiegeeinrichtung mit zusammenwirkenden Meßarmen,
  • Fig. 6 die Seitenansicht einer Brennschneidmaschine
  • Fig. 7 die Seitenansicht einer Brennschneidmaschine entsprechend der nach Fig.3, jedoch in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform,
  • Fig. 8 eine Seitenansicht einer anderen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Brennschneidmaschine,
  • Fig. 9 eine Vorderansicht der Brennschneidmaschine nach Fig. 8,
  • Fig. 10 eine Draufsicht auf die Brennschneidmaschine nach den Fig. 8 und 9,
  • Fig. 11 eine Meßrolle in vergrößerter Darstellung, teilweise im Schnitt.
The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:
  • 1 is a schematic representation of the continuous casting machine with flame cutting machine and associated multiple measuring device, weighing device and computing and control device,
  • 2 shows the weighing, measuring and cutting system on which the invention is based in a schematic illustration,
  • 3 is a schematic representation of the operation of the computing and control device,
  • 4 a weighing device,
  • 5 shows another embodiment of a weighing device with interacting measuring arms,
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of a flame cutting machine
  • 7 shows the side view of a flame cutting machine corresponding to that of FIG. 3, but in a modified embodiment,
  • 8 is a side view of another embodiment of the flame cutting machine according to the invention,
  • 9 is a front view of the flame cutting machine of FIG. 8,
  • 10 is a plan view of the flame cutting machine according to FIGS. 8 and 9,
  • Fig. 11 is a measuring roller in an enlarged view, partly in section.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Brennschneidmaschine 2 dargestellt, wobei unter dem Begriff "Brennschneidmaschine" die gesamte Brennschneidmaschinenanlage zu verstehen ist, mit den herkömmlichen Unterstützungskonstruktionen, Schienen und anderen Teilen für Verfahrbewegungen, Versorgungseinrichtungen sowie eine Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung, der eine Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung 16 sowie eine Wiegeeinrichtung 8 zugeordnet ist.In Fig. 1, a flame cutting machine 2 is shown, wherein the term "flame cutting machine" is to be understood as the entire flame cutting machine system, with the conventional support structures, rails and other parts for travel movements, supply devices and a multiple measuring device, a computing and control device 16 and a Weighing device 8 is assigned.

Die Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung 21 geht über die bisherigen Vorrichtungen zur Stücklängenmessung weit hinaus. Sie dient vielmehr zur Erfassung einer Vielzahl von Meßdaten, wie Strangbreite, Strangdicke und Strangquerschnittsform, sowie Gießtemperatur, Gießgeschwindigkeit, Homogenität über die laufende Stranglänge, Strangoberflächenfehler und spezifisches Materialgewicht. Mit Hilfe der Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung 16, der über die Leitung 18 ein Großrechner 19 zugeordnet sein kann, dient die Brennschneidmaschine 2 mit ihrer Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung 21 zur Langzeitoptimierung für die gesamte Stranggießanlage 10, 11, 12 , indem über die Verbindungsleitung 20 die gemessenen Werte Verwendung finden können zur Einstellung der Größe der Kokille 12, Verformen der Strangunterstützungsrollen im Rollgerüst, der Gießgeschwindigkeit, der Kühlungsbedingungen zur Verringerung der konvexen und konkaven Strangverformungen und von Warnsignalen, um beispielsweise den Austausch der Kokille 12 oder der Rollen während einer folgenden Reparatur zu initiieren und für Korrekturen an der Brennschneidmaschine 2.The multiple measuring device 21 goes far beyond the previous devices for piece length measurement. Rather, it is used to record a large number of measurement data, such as strand width, strand thickness and strand cross-sectional shape, as well as casting temperature, casting speed, homogeneity over the running strand length, strand surface defects and specific material weight. With the help of the computing and control device 16, to which a mainframe 19 can be assigned via the line 18, the flame cutting machine 2 with its multiple measuring device 21 is used for long-term optimization for the entire continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 by using the measured values via the connecting line 20 can find for adjusting the size of the mold 12, deforming the strand support rollers in the rolling stand, the casting speed, the cooling conditions to reduce the convex and concave strand deformations and warning signals, for example to initiate the replacement of the mold 12 or the rollers during a subsequent repair and for Corrections on the flame cutting machine 2.

Die Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21 besitzt eine Breiten- und Strangdickenmeßeinrichtung 21 e, so daß es grundsätzlich mit Hilfe des spezifischen Gewichtes möglich ist, das Gewicht des abzuschneidenden Werkstücks zu bestimmen. Dabei ist de Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung 21, 2le so ausgelegt, daß in Bezug auf die Breite und Dicke des Werkstücks an mehreren Stellen Abtastvorgänge statt finden, wie auch von beiden Seiten, d. h. rechts und links vom Gießstrang 1 sowie oben und unten, um die genaue Form des Werkstücks, insbesondere eine etwaige konkave bzw. konvexe Ausbildung zu erfassen.The multiple measuring device 21 has a width and strand thickness measuring device 21 e, so that it is fundamentally possible to determine the weight of the workpiece to be cut with the help of the specific weight. The multiple measuring device 21, 2le is designed such that scanning operations take place at several points with respect to the width and thickness of the workpiece, as well as from both sides, i. H. to the right and left of the casting strand 1 and above and below in order to detect the exact shape of the workpiece, in particular any concave or convex configuration.

Im einzelnen kann die Messung der Strangbreite erfolgen durch Impulsgeber, die auf Brennerquerfahrantrieben fest mit dem Ritzel und Zahnstangenantrieb verbunden sind, und einem Impulszähler, um die Abstände von vorbestimmten und wiederholbaren Nullpunkten bis zu den beiden Strangkanten zu bestimmen, angebaut sind. Zwischen Steuerung der Brennerverfahrwege und der Schneidzyklen sind Kantentaster eingebaut, damit die tatsächliche Breite des Stranges 1 zur weiteren Bearbeitung und Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren oder Signalen gemessen werden kann.In particular, the measurement of the strand width can be carried out by means of pulse generators which are firmly connected to the pinion and rack drive on burner transverse travel drives and a pulse counter to determine the distances from predetermined and repeatable zero points to the two strand edges. Edge sensors are installed between the control of the torch travel and the cutting cycles so that the actual width of strand 1 can be measured for further processing and creation of correction factors or signals.

Es ist auch möglich, Impulsgeber auf den Anklemmarmsystem für eine zangenartige Anklemmung an die Strangseiten anzubauen und einen Impulszähler vorzusehen, wobei die Abstände von den vorbestimmten und wiederholbaren, voll offenen Nullpositionen zu den angeklemmten Strangseiten durch Berührung gemessen werden, so daß die tatsächliche Strangbreite für die Weiterverarbeitung zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren oder Signalen weitergegeben werden kann.It is also possible to mount pulse generators on the clip arm system for pincer-like clamping on the string sides and to provide a pulse counter, the distances from the predetermined and repeatable, fully open zero positions to the clamped string sides being measured by touch, so that the actual string width for the Further processing for creating correction factors or signals can be passed on.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, Impulsgeneratoren mit Impulszählern an zwei dafür speziell installierte Taststangensysteme einzubauen, die zu passenden Gelegenheiten von bestimmten und wiederholbaren Nullausgangsstellungen aus bis zum Kontakt an die Strangseiten gefahren werden und somit die tatsächliche Strangbreite zur weiteren Bearbeitung zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren und Signalen geben.Another option is to install pulse generators with pulse counters on two specially installed probe rod systems, which can be moved from specific and repeatable zero-starting positions to contact on the string sides at appropriate times and thus give the actual string width for further processing to create correction factors and signals .

Die Strangdickenmeßeinrichtung 21 e, mit der die Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21 der Brennschneidmaschine 2 versehen ist, besteht entweder aus einem Impulszähler und einem Impulsgeber, der mit einem Ritzel in einer Zahnstange kämmt, der entweder von einer vorbestimmten und wiederholbaren Nullposition mit den Maschinenteilen zum Aufsetzen auf den Strang 1 zur Synchronisation zum Strang 1 und zur Brennschneidmaschine 2 bis zum Kontakt beim Aufsetzen auf den Strang 1 mit nach unten läuft und somit die tatsächliche Dicke des Strangs, der auf einem Rollgang oder ähnlichem unterstützt ist, der ein bestimmtes Niveau hat, wie auch die Brennschneidmaschine 2, die auf Schienen mit einem bestimmten Niveau verfährt, für eine weitere Bearbeitung zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren oder Signalen verfährt, wobei für die weitere Bearbeitung zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren Signale gegeben werden, oder es ist ein Impulszähler und Impulsgenerator eingebaut, der durch einen nach unten schwingenden, durch einen mit Preßluft angetriebenen Aufklemmarm bewegt wird für eine Reibungssynchronisation der Brennschneidmaschine 2 mit der oberen Strangfläche, womit die tatsächliche Strangdicke zur weiteren Bearbeitung und zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren und/oder Signalen abgegeben werden.The strand thickness measuring device 21 e, with which the multiple measuring device 21 of the flame cutting machine 2 is provided, consists either of a pulse counter and a pulse generator, which meshes with a pinion in a toothed rack, which either has a predetermined and repeatable zero position with the machine parts to be placed on the strand 1 for synchronization to the strand 1 and to the flame cutting machine 2 up to the contact when placed on the strand 1 with down and thus the actual thickness of the strand, which is supported on a roller table or similar, which has a certain level, as well as the flame cutting machine 2, which moves on rails at a certain level, for further processing for the creation of correction factors or signals, wherein signals are given for the further processing for the creation of correction factors, or it is a pulse counter and Impulsge built-in generator, which is moved by a swinging down, by a compressed air driven arm for a friction synchronization of the cutting machine 2 with the upper strand surface, so that the actual strand thickness are given for further processing and for the creation of correction factors and / or signals.

Es ist auch möglich, einen Impulszähler und einen Impulsgeber an einer besonderen Höhentasterstange anzuordnen, die zur passenden Gelegenheit von einer vorbestimmten und wiederholbaren Nullposition verfährt, bis die Strangoberfläche berührt ist. Damit wird die tatsächliche Strangdicke zum Verarbeiten und Erstellen von Korrekturfaktoren und/oder Signalen gegeben.It is also possible to arrange a pulse counter and a pulse generator on a special height probe rod, which moves from a predetermined and repeatable zero position on the appropriate occasion until the strand surface is touched. This gives the actual strand thickness for processing and creating correction factors and / or signals.

Auch kann ein Impulszähler mit Impulsgeber an den Brennerhöheneinstelltastern vorgesehen sein, mit vorbestimmten, wiederholbaren Nullpositionen zum Abwärtsfahren der Brenner für die geeigneten Düsenabstände nach dem Abtasten der genauen Strangoberfläche. Dadurch wird die tatsächliche Strangdicke für die weitere Verarbeitung zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren und Signalen ermittelt. Ein Impulszähler und ein Impulsgeinerator können auch auf einem Hebel oder Schlitten in einer Schlittenführung an oder im Bereich der Brennschneidmaschine vorgesehen sein. Von einer bestimmten und wiederholbaren Nullstellung nach unten fährt eine Meßrolle 7 zur Längenmessung oder ein anderer Taster wird auf die Strangoberfläche abgesenkt und somit die tatsächliche Strangdicke für die weitere Bearbeitung und zur Erstellung von Korrekturfaktoren und/oder Signalen ermittelt.A pulse counter with a pulse generator can also be provided on the burner height adjustment buttons, with predetermined, repeatable zero positions for moving the burner downwards for the appropriate nozzle spacing after scanning the exact strand surface. This determines the actual strand thickness for further processing to create correction factors and signals. A pulse counter and a pulse generator can also be provided on a lever or slide in a slide guide on or in the area of the flame cutting machine. A measuring roller 7 moves from a specific and repeatable zero position to measure the length or another probe is lowered onto the strand surface and thus the actual strand thickness is determined for further processing and for creating correction factors and / or signals.

Insbesondere zur Dickenmessung können zwei oder mehr Dickemeßeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die von unten nach oben gegen die untere Strangfläche arbeiten. Dabei werden bereits vorhandene Einrichtungen oder eigene besondere Antriebe und Tastmechanismen mit Impulsgeineratoren verwendet, um noch genauer die Dickenmeßergebnisse erstellen zu können, indem die Differenz gegen die oberflächenmessende Impulsmessung und Zähleinrichtung gebildet wird.In particular for thickness measurement, two or more thickness measuring devices can be provided, which work from bottom to top against the lower strand surface. Existing devices or special drives and probing mechanisms with pulse generators are used to create the thickness measurement results more precisely by forming the difference against the surface measuring pulse measurement and counting device.

So ist es grundsätzlich von Vorteil, zwei oder mehr unabhängige Tast- und Impulsgebereinrichtungen, wie bereits oben beschrieben, vorzusehen, um die Dicke der Mitte der oberen bzw. unteren Fläche als auch in einem bestimmten, geeigneten Abstand von dieser entfernt weitere Dicken zu messen, um konvexe und konkave Strangformen festzustellen und zu messen. Auf diese Weise kann der Strangquerschnitt sehr genau ermittelt werden zur Erzeugung entsprechender Korrekturfaktoren und Signale, z. B. für die Längenmeßeinrichtung bzw. Stranggeschwindigkeitsmeßeinrichtung 21f. In diesem Zusammenhang können auch Temperatur- und Abkühlungsmaßnahmen eine Rolle spielen, zu deren Steuerung die Signale verwendet werden. Um im einzelnen die Temperaturen ermitteln zu können bzw. entsprechende Signale mitzuverwerten, umfaßt die Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21 auch eine Temperaturmeßeinrichtung 21d. Sie besteht beispielsweise aus einem Thermometer, innerhalb oder an Teilen installiert, die den Strang zur Herstellung des Synchronlaufs berühren. Hier sind Verschleißplatten der Anklemmarme oder Aufsitzkufen zu nennen, von denen aus Temperaturmessungen zu bestimmten Zeiten vorgenommen werden können, d. h. insbesondere für eine Korrektur kurz vor der Ermittlung der Länge des nächsten Werkstücks. Zu diesem Zweck werden entsprechende Signale in die Längenmeßeinrichtung 21f eingegeben.It is therefore fundamentally advantageous to provide two or more independent pushbutton and pulse generators, as already described above, in order to measure the thickness of the center of the upper or lower surface as well as further thicknesses at a certain, suitable distance from it, to determine and measure convex and concave strand shapes. In this way, the strand cross section can be determined very precisely to generate appropriate correction factors and signals, e.g. B. for the length measuring device or strand speed measuring device 21f. In this context, temperature and cooling measures can also play a role, for the control of which the signals are used. In order to be able to determine the temperatures in detail or to use corresponding signals, the multiple measuring device 21 also includes a temperature measuring device 21d. It consists, for example, of a thermometer installed inside or on parts that touch the strand for synchronous operation. Wearing plates of the clamping arms or ride-on runners are to be mentioned here, from which temperature measurements can be carried out at certain times. H. especially for a correction shortly before determining the length of the next workpiece. For this purpose, corresponding signals are input into the length measuring device 21f.

Zu der genannten Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung gehören auch Einrichtungen 21f zum Messen der Stranggeschwindigkeit. Diese sind mit einem Impulsgeschwindigkeitszähler ausgerüstet, um die Anzahl der Impulse festzustellen, die von der üblichen Längenmeßeinrichtung 21 ausgehen, die mit einem Meßrad vom Strang durch Reibung angetrieben wird und einen Impulsgeber dreht. Innerhalb einer vorbestimmten Zeit, z. B. 1 Minute, werden die Impulse gezählt und die tatsächliche Stranggeschwindigkeit in der Nähe der Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2 gemessen, um diese Geschwindigkeit im Vergleich mit empirisch festgestellten Korrekturfaktoren bzw. Geschwindigkeitsverhältnissen zu verarbeiten und verbesserte Korrekturfaktoren in die Längenmeßeinrichtung 21f oder an anderen Stellen der Stranggießanlage weiterzuleiten.Means for measuring the line speed also belong to the said multiple measuring device. These are equipped with a pulse speed counter to determine the number of pulses emanating from the conventional length measuring device 21, which is driven by a strand with a measuring wheel by friction and rotates a pulse generator. Within a predetermined time, e.g. B. 1 minute, the pulses are counted and the actual strand speed in the vicinity of the strand cutting machine 2 is measured in order to process this speed in comparison with empirically determined correction factors or speed ratios and to pass improved correction factors into the length measuring device 21f or at other points in the continuous casting installation.

Wie erläutert, besteht die Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21 aus einer Vielzahl von Meßeinrichtungen 21 a bis g, von denen die wichtigsten erläutert worden sind, d. h. wenn das Erfordernis zum Erfassen spezieller Daten auftritt, kann die Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21 entsprechend erweitert werden. Der Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung ist eine Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung 16 zugeordnet, die die gewonnenen Meßwerte verarbeitet und entsprechende Signale nicht nur für den Betrieb der Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2, sondern auch für die gesamte Stranggießanlage 10, 11, 12 weitergibt. Zu diesem Zweck sind entsprechende Verbindungen 17, 18, 20 und Schaltungen vorgesehen, so daß beispielsweise anhand der gewonnenen und abgegebenen Signale die Größe der Gießkokille 12 eingestellt werden kann oder die verformende Lage der Strangunterstützungs- oder Transportrollen im Rollgerüst der Gießanlage eingestellt werden kann. Auch die Gießgeschwindigkeit und - wie schon erwähnt - die Kühlungsbedingungen zur Verringerung von konvexen oder konkaven Strangverformungen können aufgrund der gewonnenen Signale eingestellt werden. Auch können von der Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung 16 der Brennschneidmaschine 2 Warnsignale abgegeben werden, um gegebenenfalls das Erfordernis eines Austauschs der Kokille 12 und der Rollen bei einer zukünftigen Reparatur anzuzeigen.As explained, the multiple measuring device 21 consists of a plurality of measuring devices 21 a to g, the most important of which have been explained, i. H. when the need to acquire special data occurs, the multimeter 21 can be expanded accordingly. The multiple measuring device is assigned a computing and control device 16, which processes the measured values obtained and transmits corresponding signals not only for the operation of the continuous cutting machine 2, but also for the entire continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12. For this purpose, corresponding connections 17, 18, 20 and circuits are provided so that, for example, the size of the casting mold 12 can be set on the basis of the signals obtained and emitted or the deforming position of the strand support or transport rollers in the rolling stand of the casting system can be set. The casting speed and - as already mentioned - the cooling conditions for reducing convex or concave strand deformations can also be set on the basis of the signals obtained. Warning signals can also be emitted by the computing and control device 16 of the flame cutting machine 2 in order to indicate, if necessary, the need to replace the mold 12 and the rollers in the event of a future repair.

An der Brennschneidmaschine ist weiter eine Markierungseinrichtung 21 a vorgesehen zum Stempeln oder zum Beschriften oder anderweitig aufzubringender Signale in Form von Buchstaben und/oder Zahlen auf die Oberseiten oder Frontflächen des Stranges 1. Diese Markierung erfolgt mit der Bewegung der Brennschneidmaschine 2 beim Schneiden während des Synchronlaufs oder mit einer an der Brennschneidmaschine 2 stationär angebrachten Einrichtung 21a, die auch unmittelbar in ihrer Nähe angeordnet sein kann. Auf diese Weise werden die zukünftigen Strangstücke markiert, während der Strang mit Gießgeschwindigkeit vorbeiläuft oder mit Hilfe einer an der Brennschneidmaschine 2 angebrachten Einrichtung 21 a, wobei das zukünftige Strangstück mit einer Geschwindigkeit vorbeiläuft, die sich aus Gießgeschwindigkeit und Brennschneidgeschwindigkeit ergibt, während die Brennschneidmaschine steht oder zurück in die Ausgangs- oder Startposition läuft. Der Stranggeschwindigkeitsimpulsgenerator bzw. -zähler dient zum Berechnen der notwendigen, relativen Geschwindigkeit, die der Markierungsgeschwindigkeit entspricht.A marking device 21 a is also provided on the flame cutting machine for stamping or for labeling or signals to be applied in some other way in the form of letters and / or numbers on the upper sides or front surfaces of the strand 1. This marking takes place with the movement of the flame cutting machine 2 when cutting during synchronous operation or with a device 21a which is attached to the flame cutting machine 2 in a stationary manner and which can also be arranged directly in its vicinity. In this way the future strand pieces are marked while the strand runs past at the casting speed or with the aid of a device 21 a attached to the flame cutting machine 2, the future strand piece passing at a speed which results from the casting speed and the flame cutting speed while the flame cutting machine is standing or back into the Starting or starting position is running. The line speed pulse generator or counter is used to calculate the necessary relative speed, which corresponds to the marking speed.

Es ist auch möglich, mit einer kombinierten Markierungseinrichtung 21 a zu arbeiten, die die zuvor genannten Systeme verwendet, um das zukünftige oder in Kürze abgeschnittene Strangwerkstück zu jeder Zeit innerhalb der Gieß-Brennschneidzyklen zu markieren.It is also possible to work with a combined marking device 21 a, which uses the aforementioned systems to mark the future or shortly cut strand workpiece at any time within the casting-flame cutting cycles.

Alle diese mit der Verwendung einer ein-, zwei-oder mehrzeiligen Markierung auf den Strang aufgebrachten Daten dienen zur Steuerung des Betriebs der Stranggießanlage 10, 11, 12 bzw. Brennschneidmaschine 2, indem Daten bzw. entsprechende Signale verwendet werden, die sich auf Materialzusammensetzung, zugrunde gelegte Schneidtemperatur des Materials, zugrunde gelegter Querschnitt und Werkstückform, ursprünglich geforderte Stücklänge und anderes mehr beziehen. So ist es möglich, unter Einschluß von mehr Informationen, z.. B. Strangstückgewichtsmessung, die endgültige, kalte Länge zu bestimmen bzw. ein statistisches System für das Endergebnis einer Langzeitoptimierung einzuregeln.All of these data applied to the strand with the use of a one-, two- or multi-line marking serve to control the operation of the continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 or flame cutting machine 2, by using data or corresponding signals that relate to material composition, the underlying cutting temperature of the material, the underlying cross-section and workpiece shape, the originally required piece length and more. It is thus possible to determine the final, cold length, including more information, for example strand weight measurement, or to regulate a statistical system for the end result of long-term optimization.

Für ein ordnungsgemäßes Arbeiten einer Brennschneidmaschine mit den vorbeschriebenen Einrichtungen dient schließlich auch eine Zunderentfernungseinrichtung 21 b . Sie dient einer einwandfreien Markierung, einer besseren Fehlererkennung und außerdem einer besseren Messung. Vorzugsweise besteht sie aus einem Hochleistungsheizbrenner zum Schmelzen und Wegblasen des Zunders vor und im Bereich der Markierung, vorzugsweise auf den Seitenflächen. Durch die Entfernung des Zunders ist ein sauberes und zuverlässiges Markierungsergebnis gewährleistet, das zumindest bis zum Einlauf des Strangstücks in die Wiederaufheiz- öfen die erforderliche Information vermittelt. Aber auch im Bereich von Meßsonden bzw. Meßfühlern ist es wichtig, daß Zunder entfernt wird, um eine genaue Temperatur-, Dicken-, Breiten- oder Formmessung sicherzustellen.Finally, a scale remover 21 b also serves for the proper working of a flame cutting machine with the above-described devices. It serves for a perfect marking, a better error detection and also a better measurement. It preferably consists of a high-performance heating burner for melting and blowing away the scale in front of and in the area of the marking, preferably on the side surfaces. The removal of the scale ensures a clean and reliable marking result that conveys the necessary information at least until the strand piece enters the reheating furnace. But also in the area of measuring probes or sensors, it is important that scale is removed to ensure an accurate temperature, thickness, width or shape measurement.

In der weiteren Ausgestaltung kann die Zunderentfemungseinrichtung 21 b mit einem Flämmbrenner versehen sein, um Teile der äußeren Seiten- oder Oberflächen zur Fehlerfindung zu reinigen und Auswahlfehlerbeseitigung durch Flämmen durchzuführen. Dabei ist gleichzeitig das Gewicht des entfernten Materials durch Messen und Berechnen der Länge, Breite und Tiefe von Flämmbahnen in die Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung 16 einzugeben, um einen Stücklängenkorrekturfaktor für eine Optimierung zu ermitteln. Die Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit der Brennschneidmaschine 2 wird vorbestimmt, um zusammen mit der Stranggießgeschwindigkeit eine relative Geschwindigkeit zu ermitteln, die der Flämmgeschwindigkeit entspricht.In the further embodiment, the scale removal device 21b can be provided with a flame burner in order to clean parts of the outer sides or surfaces for fault finding and to carry out selection error elimination by means of flames. At the same time, the weight of the removed material is to be entered into the computing and control device 16 by measuring and calculating the length, width and depth of flame paths, in order to determine a piece length correction factor for optimization. The return speed of the flame cutting machine 2 is predetermined in order to determine, together with the continuous casting speed, a relative speed which corresponds to the flame speed.

Eine außerdem an der Brennschneidmaschine angeordnete Fehlerauffindeinrichtung 21 dient zu einer "In-Linie"-Prüfung von heißen, warmen und kalten Strangflächen mittels optischen, Induktionswärme- oder Wirbelstromgeräten. Die Einrichtung arbeitet bei Gießgeschwindigkeit, Brennmaschinenverfahrgeschwindigkeit oder entsprechenden Relativgeschwindigkeiten.A fault detection device 21, which is also arranged on the flame cutting machine, is used for an "in-line" test of hot, warm and cold strand surfaces by means of optical, induction heat or eddy current devices. The device works at casting speed, internal combustion engine travel speed or corresponding relative speeds.

Durch die Fehlerauffindeinrichtung 21c werden Korrekturfaktoren gewonnen, die - bezogen auf die Fehlergröße - die Stücklängenmessung beeinflussen.Correction factors are obtained by the fault finder 21c, which - based on the fault size - influence the piece length measurement.

Auf die vorbeschriebene Weise wird eine optimierende Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2 verfügbar gemacht, die es mit ihren Einrichtungen ermöglicht, eine Stranggießanlage 10, 11, 12 unter optimalen Betriebsbedingungen zu fahren. Vor allem werden die nötigen Toleranzen beim Abtrennen von Werkstücken wesentlich verringert, woraus folgt, daß die Produktion bzw. Ausbringung der Stranggießanlage optimiert wird. Es wird ermöglicht, das Abschneiden eines Werkstücks in einer gesuchten Länge so vorzunehmen, daß diese einem bestimmten Werkstückgewicht genau oder nahezu entspricht. Eine unverwechselbare Strangstückidentifikation ermöglicht eine Qualitätskontrolle und Qualitätsverbesserung besonders für den empfehlenswerten energiesparenden Einsatz von heißen Strangstücken in Stoßöfen.In the manner described above, an optimizing continuous cutting machine 2 is made available which, with its facilities, enables a continuous casting installation 10, 11, 12 to be operated under optimal operating conditions. Above all, the necessary tolerances when cutting off workpieces are significantly reduced, which means that the production or output of the continuous caster is optimized. It is possible to cut a workpiece in a desired length in such a way that it corresponds exactly or almost to a certain workpiece weight. Unmistakable strand piece identification enables quality control and quality improvement, especially for the recommended energy-saving use of hot strand pieces in pusher furnaces.

Die Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2 zusammen mit üblichen Stückmeßeinrichtungen zur Angabe des Schneidbeginns ist die erste Einrichtung, die nicht zur Erzeugung eines kontinuierlichen Stranges, sondern der Erzeugung von Strangstücken dient. Mit einer Anzahl von Bewegungen, teilweise unabhängig von der Strangbewegung und insbesondere mit den Einrichtungen 21 e zur Messung der Strangdicke und Strangbreite, sowie weitere Einrichtungen der Mehrfachmeßvorrichtung 21, die zur Brennschneidmaschine 2 gehört, ermöglichen insbesondere eine optimierte Stücklängenvorwahl bei genauer Markierung von Daten zur Stückidentifizierung und weiteren Verarbeitung.The strand cutting machine 2 together with conventional piece measuring devices for indicating the start of cutting is the first device which is not used to produce a continuous strand, but rather to produce strand pieces. With a number of movements, partly independent of the strand movement and in particular with the devices 21 e for measuring the strand thickness and strand width, as well as further devices of the multiple measuring device 21, which belongs to the flame cutting machine 2, in particular enable optimized piece length preselection with precise marking of data for piece identification and further processing.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Gießstrang 1 dargestellt, von dem das Schopf- bzw. Verbundstück 1 abgetrennt sind sowie ein erstes Strangstück oder Kalibrierstück 1.1, das mit herkömmlichen Sicherheitszuschlägen versehen ist. Weiter sind ein abzutrennendes zweites Strangstück 1.2, ein drittes Strangstück 1.3 und ein viertes Strangstück 1.4 dargestellt. Diese Strangstücke werden von einer Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2 abgetrennt, die mit einem Schneidbrenner 3 versehen ist. Die Strangbrennschneidmaschine 2 mit dem Schneidbrenner 3 ist auf einer Brennschneidmaschinenlaufbahn 4 längs des Stranges 1 verfahrbar. Mit der Brennschneidmaschine 2 läuft ein Meßrad 5 an einer entsprechend angeordneten Zahnstange 6 ab. Außerdem ist unter dem Strang 1 eine ortsfeste Meßrolle 7 angeordnet. Unter dem Auslaufrollgang befindet sich eine schematisch dargestellte Wiegeeinrichtung 8, die noch näher zu erläutern ist.2 shows a casting strand 1, from which the cropping or composite piece 1 is separated, and a first strand piece or calibration piece 1.1, which is provided with conventional safety supplements. Furthermore, a second strand section 1.2 to be separated, a third strand section 1.3 and a fourth strand section 1.4 are shown. These strand pieces are cut off by a strand cutting machine 2 which is provided with a cutting torch 3. The strand cutting machine 2 with the cutting torch 3 can be moved along the strand 1 on a flame cutting machine track 4. With the flame cutting machine 2, a measuring wheel 5 runs on a correspondingly arranged rack 6. In addition, a stationary measuring roller 7 is arranged under the strand 1. There is a schematically illustrated weighing device 8 below the run-out roller table, which will be explained in more detail below.

Die abzutrennenden Strangstücke 1.1 bis 1.4 müssen eine bestimmte Materialmenge aufweisen, damit bei anschliessenden Arbeitsvorgängen z.B. Walzstücke mit einer bestimmten Dimensionierung gewährleistet sind. Zu geringe Materialmengen führen zu Ausschußstücken , so daß in der Praxis beträchtliche Sicherheitszuschläge vorgenommen werden.The strand pieces 1.1 to 1.4 to be separated must sen have a certain amount of material so that subsequent work processes, for example, rolled pieces with a certain dimension are guaranteed. Too little material leads to rejects, so that in practice considerable safety surcharges are made.

Dabei kann in der Praxis nicht davon ausgegangen werden, daß der Gießstrang 1 keinen Veränderungen unterliegt. So nutzen sich beispielsweise die Kokillen ab, und die Geometrie der Anlagen unterliegt mechanischen Änderungen durch Temperatureinflüsse. Auch Beschädigungen der Rollen, der Strangführungseinstellung und der Schmalseiteneinstellung an der Kokille führen zu Querschnittsänderungen. Neben diesen Maschineneinflüssen mannigfaltiger Art sind vor allem auch gießtechnische Einflüsse von großer Bedeutung. So entstehen Änderungen am Strang durch einen Pfannenwechsel, einen Tundishwechsel, Gießpulveraufbringung, um nur einige zu nennen. Vor allem spielen aber auch die Gießgeschwindigkeit und die Gießtemperatur bzw. die Art der Abkühlung eine große Rolle. Gerade die letztere ist verantwortlich für die Ausbildung des Gießstranges, d.h. seine räumliche Verformung. Außerdem können konvexe oder konkave Seitenflächen auftreten und neben einer sich ändernden Homogenität muß eine nachträgliche Schrumpfung Berücksichtigung finden. Diese Vielzahl möglicher Einflüsse auf die Länge eines abzuschneidenden Strangstücks führt in der Praxis zu der Notwendigkeit erheblicher Sicherheitszuschläge, da damit gerechnet werden muß, daß sich alle Parameter im Extremfall addieren bzw. subtrahieren. Das führt in der Praxis zu Verlusten, die bis zu 10 % betragen können. Der Nutzen , der andererseits in einer Vermeidung dieser unnötigen Sicherheitszuschläge in Verbindung mit einer Restlängenoptimierung erreicht werden kann, liegt auf der Hand. Trotzdem ist bisher dieses Problem in zufriedenstellender Weise nicht gelöst worden, da bei allen Maßnahmen das Risiko zu groß war, ein Stück mit unzureichender Materialmenge abzuschneiden, das dann als nicht verwendbar zu einem zu großen Verlust führt.In practice, it cannot be assumed that the casting strand 1 is not subject to any changes. The molds, for example, wear out and the geometry of the systems is subject to mechanical changes due to temperature influences. Damage to the rollers, the strand guide setting and the narrow side setting on the mold also lead to changes in cross-section. In addition to these diverse machine influences, casting technology influences are also of great importance. So changes to the strand result from a pan change, a tundish change, application of casting powder, to name just a few. Above all, however, the casting speed and the casting temperature or the type of cooling also play a major role. The latter in particular is responsible for the formation of the casting strand, i.e. its spatial deformation. In addition, convex or concave side surfaces can occur and, in addition to changing homogeneity, subsequent shrinkage must be taken into account. In practice, this large number of possible influences on the length of a strand piece to be cut leads to the necessity of considerable safety supplements, since it must be expected that in extreme cases all parameters will add up or subtract. In practice, this leads to losses of up to 10%. The benefits that can be achieved by avoiding these unnecessary safety surcharges in conjunction with optimizing the remaining length are obvious. Nevertheless, this problem has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, since the risk of taking all of the measures was too great to cut off a piece with an insufficient amount of material, which then leads to an excessive loss as unusable.

In Fig. 3 ist schematisch die Rechen- und Steuereinrichtung dargestellt, die im Zusammenhang mit der Wiegeeinrichtung 8 es ermöglicht, Strangstücke 1.2 bis 1.4 abzuschneiden, die genau oder nahezu genau den gewünschten Erfordernissen entsprechen.In Fig. 3, the computing and control device is shown schematically, which in connection with the weighing device 8 makes it possible to cut strand pieces 1.2 to 1.4 which correspond exactly or almost exactly to the desired requirements.

Die Erfindung geht davon aus, daß unabhängig von der Gestalt des Strangs und seiner Homogenität die gewünschte Materialmenge für die Weiterverarbeitung durch einen Wiegevorgang bestimmt werden kann.The invention is based on the fact that regardless of the shape of the strand and its homogeneity, the desired amount of material for further processing can be determined by a weighing process.

Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, wird aus einer Gießpfanne 10 über eine Verteilerrille 11 durch die Kokille 12 der Gießstrang 1 vergossen, der sich in Richtung des Pfeils 13 in den Bereich der Brennschneidmaschine 2 mit der Meßrolle 7 bewegt. Dieser Strang, der - wie erläutert - in seiner Form eine unterschiedliche und während des Gießvorgangs sich verändernde Ausbildung aufweisen kann und außerdem neben einer sich verändernden Homogenität einer Schrumpfung unterliegt, kann unter Berücksichtigung einer Schnittfugenbreite f nur dann genau in Strangstücke abgeschnitten werden, die den Erfordernissen für die sich anschließenden Verarbeitungsvorgänge entspricht, wenn die Materialmenge des abgeschnittenen Strangstücks einen bestimmten Wert erreicht. Die Materialmenge eines Gießstücks 1.1 bis 1.4, die einer bestimmten Länge xi bis x4 entspricht, kann mit Hilfe der Wiegeeinrichtung 8 durch das Gewicht des entsprechenden Strangstücks ermittelt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird nach dem Abschneiden eines Schopf- bzw. Verbundstücks 1.0 mit der Länge y ein Kalibrierstück 1.1 mit den herkömmlichen Sicherheitszuschlägen abgetrennt und durch die Wiegeeinrichtung 8 gewogen. Der entsprechende Wert wird über eine Übertragungsleitung 15 zu einem Prozeßrechner 16 zur Steuerung der Brennschneidmaschine eingeführt. Der Prozeßrechner 16 empfängt über die Ubertragungsleitung 17 weiter die Meßwerte vom Meßrad 5 der Brennschneidmaschine 2 sowie von der ortsfesten Meßrolle 3 und steuert somit den Schnitt bzw. die Länge x2 für das zweite Strangstück 1.2 aufgrund des bereits abgeschnittenen Kalibrierstückes 1.1 . Nachdem das zweite Strangstück 1.2 mit der Länge x2 abgeschnitten ist, wird es ebenfalls von der Wiegeeinrichtung 8 gewogen und der Meßwert über die Übertragungsleitung 15 wieder dem Prozeßrechner 16 zugeführt. Dieser ermittelt gegebenenfalls einen Korrekturwert für das folgende dritte Strangstück 1.3, so daß auch bei diesem eine optimierte Länge x3 von der Brennschneidmaschine 2 abgeschnitten wird. In gleicher Weise wird mit Hilfe des Gewichts des Strangstücks 1.3 auf das nachfolgende vierte Strangstück 1.4 optimiert und die entsprechende Länge X4 ermittelt, die beim Abschneiden dieses Strangstückes 1.4 von der Brennschneidmaschine 2 zu berücksichtigen ist. Der Prozeßrechner 6 ist über eine Übertragungsleitung 8 an einen Anlagengroßrechner angeschlossen. Damit ist über den Betrieb der Brennschneidmaschine 2 zum Abschneiden der Strangstücke 1.1 bis 1.4 hinaus eine optimierende Steuerung der gesamten Stranggießanlage möglich, indem über die Übertragungsleitung 20 steuerungs- bzw. Kontrolldaten an die Gießeinrichtung gegeben werden können, wie auch umgekehrt von der Gießeinrichtung 10, 11, 12 Meßdaten über die Übertragungsleitung 20 an den Prozeßrechner 16 bzw. die Großrechneranlage 19 gegeben werden können. Neben der Steuerung zum unmittelbaren Betrieb kann somit auch eine Langzeitoptimierung der Stranggießanlage ermöglicht werden.As shown in FIG. 3, the casting strand 1 is cast from a ladle 10 via a distributor groove 11 through the mold 12 and moves in the direction of arrow 13 into the area of the flame cutting machine 2 with the measuring roller 7. This strand, which - as explained - can have a different shape in its shape and change during the casting process and, in addition to changing homogeneity, is also subject to shrinkage, can only be cut into strand pieces that meet the requirements, taking into account a kerf width f for the subsequent processing operations when the amount of material of the cut strand piece reaches a certain value. The amount of material of a casting 1.1 to 1.4, which corresponds to a certain length xi to x 4 , can be determined with the aid of the weighing device 8 by the weight of the corresponding strand piece. For this purpose, after a cropping or composite piece 1.0 with the length y has been cut off, a calibration piece 1.1 with the conventional safety supplements is cut off and weighed by the weighing device 8. The corresponding value is introduced via a transmission line 15 to a process computer 16 for controlling the flame cutting machine. The process computer 16 further receives the measured values from the measuring wheel 5 of the flame cutting machine 2 and from the stationary measuring roller 3 via the transmission line 17 and thus controls the cut or the length x 2 for the second strand piece 1.2 on the basis of the calibration piece 1.1 already cut off. After the second strand piece 1.2 with the length x 2 has been cut off, it is also weighed by the weighing device 8 and the measured value is fed back to the process computer 16 via the transmission line 15. If necessary, this determines a correction value for the following third strand piece 1.3, so that an optimized length x 3 is also cut off by the flame cutting machine 2 in this case. In the same way, the weight of the strand section 1.3 is used to optimize the following fourth strand section 1.4 and the corresponding length X4 is determined, which is to be taken into account by the flame cutting machine 2 when cutting off this strand section 1.4. The process computer 6 is connected via a transmission line 8 to a mainframe computer. In addition to the operation of the flame cutting machine 2 for cutting off the strand pieces 1.1 to 1.4, an optimizing control of the entire continuous casting installation is possible in that control or control data can be given to the casting device via the transmission line 20, and vice versa from the casting device 10, 11 , 12 measurement data can be given via the transmission line 20 to the process computer 16 or the mainframe system 19. In addition to the control for direct operation, long-term optimization of the continuous caster can also be made possible.

Der gesamte Gießvorgang kann in optimaler Weise beherrscht werden, indem durch eine nur schematisch angedeutete Mehrfachmeßeinrichtung 21 der Brennschneidmaschine 2 Daten der Strangdicke, Strangbreite, Querschnittsform, Temperatur und sonstiger querschnittsbestimmenden Eigenschaften durch an sich bekannte Mittel, wie Abtasteinrichtungen, erfaßt und an den Prozeßrechner 16 weitergegeben werden.The entire casting process can be mastered in an optimal manner by capturing data of the strand thickness, strand width, cross-sectional shape, temperature and other properties determining the cross-section by means known per se, such as scanning devices, and passed on to the process computer 16 by means of a multiple measuring device 21 of the flame cutting machine 2, which is only indicated schematically will.

In Fig. 4 ist ein Werkstück 101 dargestellt, das von einem Strang mit Hilfe einer nicht dargestellten Strangbrennschneidmaschine abgeschnitten worden ist. Das Werkstück 101 befindet sich über einer Wiegeeinrichtung 102, die unter dem Werkstück 101 angeordnet ist. Neben den Rollgangsrollen 103 sind Wiegerollen 104 vorgesehen, die über Schwenkhebel 105 in einem Schwenklager 106 ruhen, das ortsfest angeordnet ist und vorzugsweise an den Stützen 107 für die Rollgangsrollen 103 angeordnet ist. Die Wiegerollen 104 an ihren Schwenkhebeln 105 sind durch Kraft- bzw. Gewichtsmeßgeräte abgestützt, die aus Meßdosen 108 bestehen, die auf Druckzylinder 109 wirken. Die Wiegerollen 104 sind heb- und senkbar, so daß im angehobenen Zustand das Werkstück 101 nicht mehr von den Rollgangsrollen 103 abgestützt wird, sondern allein auf den Wiegerollen 104 ruht, so daß über die Druckmeßdosen 108 ein Wiegevorgang in Bezug auf das Werkstück 101 durchgeführt werden kann. Der Wiegevorgang wird eingeleitet, wenn das Werkstück 101 eine bestimmte Position erreicht hat, die beispielsweise durch eine Lichtschranke ermittelt wird. Der Wiegevorgang kann im Stillstand oder Durchlauf durchgeführt werden, wobei im letzteren Fall nicht dargestellte, zusätzliche Dämpfungseinrichtungen für die Bewegung des Werkstücks 101 vorgesehen werden können. Die Druckmeßergebnisse mit Werkstückgewicht, wie auch ohne Werkstückgewicht, d.h. das Eigengewicht der Wiegeeinrichtung 102, werden an eine Längenmeß- und Steuereinrichtung der Brennschneidmaschine weitergegeben. Ausgehend von einem Nettogewicht des gemessenen Werkstücks 101 wird bei jedem nachfolgenden, vom Strang abzuschneidenden Werkstück eine neue Stücklänge aufgrund der Werkstückgewichtsvorgabe umgerechnet und diese als Stücklängenvorwahl zur Brennschneidmaschinensteuerung eingegeben. Auf diese Weise ermöglicht die Brennschneidmaschine mit zugeordneter Wiegeeinrichtung eine Restendenoptimierung des Gießstrangs bezüglich Inhalt von Gießpfannen und Verteilerrinne. Außerdem wird der Verlust durch ungenaue Werkstücklängen minimiert, und bei Sequenzgüssen wird eine Einstellung auf die verschiedensten sich verändernden Betriebsparameter ermöglicht, indem die Brennschneidmaschine Werkstücke 101 abschneidet, die einem bestimmten Werkstückgewicht genau oder nahezu entsprechen.FIG. 4 shows a workpiece 101 which has been cut from a strand with the aid of a strand cutting machine (not shown) that is. The workpiece 101 is located above a weighing device 102, which is arranged under the workpiece 101. In addition to the roller table rollers 103, weighing rollers 104 are provided which rest on pivot lever 105 in a pivot bearing 106 which is arranged in a stationary manner and is preferably arranged on the supports 107 for the roller table rollers 103. The weighing rollers 104 on their swivel levers 105 are supported by force or weight measuring devices, which consist of load cells 108 which act on the pressure cylinder 109. The weighing rollers 104 can be raised and lowered, so that in the raised state the workpiece 101 is no longer supported by the roller table rollers 103, but rests solely on the weighing rollers 104, so that a weighing process with respect to the workpiece 101 is carried out via the pressure cells 108 can. The weighing process is initiated when the workpiece 101 has reached a certain position, which is determined, for example, by a light barrier. The weighing process can be carried out at a standstill or continuously, in the latter case additional damping devices (not shown) can be provided for the movement of the workpiece 101. The pressure measurement results with workpiece weight, as well as without workpiece weight, ie the dead weight of the weighing device 102, are forwarded to a length measuring and control device of the flame cutting machine. Starting from a net weight of the measured workpiece 101, a new piece length is converted for each subsequent workpiece to be cut from the strand on the basis of the workpiece weight specification and this is entered as a piece length preselection for the flame cutting machine control. In this way, the flame cutting machine with an associated weighing device enables the end of the casting strand to be optimized with respect to the content of the ladles and the distributor channel. In addition, the loss due to inaccurate workpiece lengths is minimized, and in the case of sequence castings, adjustment to the most varied changing operating parameters is made possible by the flame cutting machine cutting off workpieces 101 which exactly or almost correspond to a specific workpiece weight.

In Fig. 5 ist die abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Meßeinrichtung dargestellt, bei der wiederum das Werkstück 101 auf Wiegerollen 104 ruht, die zwischen den Rollgangsrollen 103 angeordnet sind. Die Wiegerollen 104 können auch als Stege ausgebildet sein. Die Wiegerollen 104 sind an Waagehebeln 105 befestigt, die in Waagehebellagern 116 gelenkig ruhen. Eine einseitig wirkende Kolbenzylinderanordnung 117 greift an dem Waagehebel 105 an und stützt sich auf den Meßarm 118 eines Kraft- bzw. Gewichtsmeßgerätes 119. Der Meßarm 118 ruht in einem Meßarmlager 120 und ist mit seinem gegenüberliegenden Ende mit einer Zugstange 121 bei 122 verbunden. An der Zugstange 121 greift bei 123 ein weiterer Meßarm 124 an, der in einem Meßarmlager 125 ruht und auf den in gleicher Weise eine einseitig wirkende Zylinderkolbenanordnung 117 abgestützt ist.5 shows the modified embodiment of a measuring device, in which the workpiece 101 in turn rests on weighing rollers 104 which are arranged between the roller table rollers 103. The weighing rollers 104 can also be designed as webs. The weighing rollers 104 are fastened to balance levers 105, which rest in an articulated manner in balance lever bearings 116. A single-acting piston-cylinder arrangement 117 engages the balance lever 105 and is supported on the measuring arm 118 of a force or weight measuring device 119. The measuring arm 118 rests in a measuring arm bearing 120 and is connected at its opposite end to a pull rod 121 at 122. A further measuring arm 124, which rests in a measuring arm bearing 125 and on which a one-sided cylinder piston arrangement 117 is supported in the same way, acts on the pull rod 121 at 123.

Die Zugstange 121 greift an einer Zentralwaage 126 an, die an einem Waagehängelager 127 aufgehängt ist. Für das Kraft- bzw. Gewichtsmeßgerät ist es wichtig, daß die Meßarmteile in einem gleichen Verhältnis stehen, d. h. a:b = d:c. Für eine gute Meßgenauigkeit ist es wichtig, daß die Meßeinrichtung möglichst leicht ist und daß die Meßelemente eine genaue Bruttowägung (Werkstückgewicht + Wagengewicht) und eine genaue Tarawägung (nur Wagengewicht) zur Erzielung eines genauen Nettogewichts durchführen.The pull rod 121 engages on a central scale 126 which is suspended on a scale suspension bearing 127. It is important for the force or weight measuring device that the measuring arm parts are in an equal ratio, i. H. a: b = d: c. For good measuring accuracy, it is important that the measuring device is as light as possible and that the measuring elements carry out an exact gross weighing (workpiece weight + carriage weight) and an exact tare weighing (only carriage weight) to achieve an exact net weight.

Von der Wiegeeinrichtung, d. h. von der Zentralwaage 126, werden die Wiegemeßdaten zur Steuerung der Brennschneidmaschine weitergegeben, was im einzelnen nicht dargestellt ist.From the weighing device, i.e. H. From the central scale 126, the weighing data are passed on to control the flame cutting machine, which is not shown in detail.

Für kürzere Werkstücke oder genau mittig einfahrbare Werkstücke kann die Wiegeeinrichtung, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, mit mindestens zwei zusammenwirkenden, aus Wiegerolle 104, Waagehebel 105 und Abstützung 117 bestehenden Wiegeteileinrichtungen arbeiten. Für sehr lange Werkstücke sind zwei oder mehr Wiegeteileinrichtungen 104 105, 117 vorgesehen, wobei zweckmäßig nicht nebeneinander liegende zusammenwirken. Es sind dann mehr Wiegerollen 104 vorgesehen, als in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist. Die entsprechenden Meßarme müssen dann ebenfalls an die Zugstange 121 der Zentralwaage 126 angeschlossen sein.For shorter workpieces or workpieces that can be retracted exactly in the middle, the weighing device, as shown in FIG. 5, can work with at least two interacting weighing part devices consisting of weighing roller 104, balance lever 105 and support 117. For very long workpieces, two or more weighing component devices 104, 105, 117 are provided, it being practical if there are no side-by-side interactions. More weighing rollers 104 are then provided than are shown in FIG. 5. The corresponding measuring arms must then also be connected to the pull rod 121 of the central scale 126.

Das Kraft- bzw. Gewichtsmeßgerät kann auch aus einem an sich bekannten, angetriebenen Kreisel in einer Kardanaufhängung bestehen, der eine senkrechte Kraft = Wiegehebelauflagerkraft in eine Drehung umwandelt.The force or weight measuring device can also consist of a known, driven gyroscope in a gimbal, which converts a vertical force = weighing lever support force into a rotation.

In Fig. 6 ist eine Brennschneidmaschine 130 dargestellt, die sich über dem Strang bzw. dem Werkstück 101 befindet. Am Maschinenkörper 131 ist am hinteren Ende in einem Lager 132 ein Synchronisierungshebel 133 gelagert, der durch einen pneumatischen Zylinder 134 am Maschinenkörper 131 gehoben oder gesenkt werden kann. Am vorderen Ende des Synchroniserungshebels 133 trägt dieser vor dem Maschinenkörper ein Schild 135 mit Kufe 136. Mit der Kufe 136 wird die Brennschneidmaschine 130 auf den Strang 101 aufgesetzt, wodurch eine synchroniserte Bewegung zustande kommt. Mit 137 ist eine Brennerlaufbahn bezeichnet, auf der der Brennerwagen 138 sitzt. Der Brennerwagen 138 trägt einen Brennerausleger 139, der den Brenner 140 mit der Düse 141 am unteren Ende trägt. Der Brennerwagen 138 mit dem Brenner 140 ist durch einen wassergekühlten Motor auf der Brennerlaufbahn 137 quer zum Strang 101 verfahrbar, um so ein Werkstück 101 vom Strang abzutrennen. Unterhalb der Brennerlaufbahn 138 ist eine bis unter den Maschinenkörper 131 reichende, wasserdurchflossene Wärmeschutzplatte 142 am Schild 135 befestigt. Die Wärmeschutzplatte 142 besitzt einen Schlitz 143, durch den der Brennerausleger 139 herausragt. An der Rückseite des Maschinenkörpers 131 ist ein Meßrollenhebel 144 befestigt; der an seinem unteren Ende eine Meßrolle 145 trägt, die seitlich am Strang 101 entlangläuft.6 shows an internal cutting machine 130, which is located above the strand or the workpiece 101. A synchronization lever 133 is mounted on the machine body 131 at the rear end in a bearing 132, which can be raised or lowered by a pneumatic cylinder 134 on the machine body 131. At the front end of the synchronizing lever 133, this carries a shield 135 with a runner 136 in front of the machine body. With the runner 136, the flame cutting machine 130 is placed on the line 101, which results in a synchronized movement. With 137 a burner track is designated on which the burner carriage 138 sits. The burner carriage 138 carries a burner boom 139 which carries the burner 140 with the nozzle 141 at the lower end. The burner carriage 138 with the burner 140 can be moved across the strand 101 by a water-cooled motor on the burner track 137 so as to separate a workpiece 101 from the strand. Below the burner track 138, a water-permeable heat protection plate 142, which extends below the machine body 131, is fastened to the shield 135. The heat protection plate 142 has a slot 143 through which the burner arm 139 protrudes. A measuring roller lever 144 is attached to the rear of the machine body 131; which carries at its lower end a measuring roller 145 which runs along the side of the strand 101.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Brennschneidmaschine 130 mit einem abgewandelten Hebelsystem zur Herstellung der Synchronbewegung der Brennschneidmaschine mit dem Strang. Die Brennschneidmaschine entspricht im Prinzip der in Fig. 6 erläuterten, und die Bezugszeichen beziehen sich insofern auf die gleichen Teile. Am Maschinenkörper 131 ist jedoch in Lagern 132a und 132b ein Parallelogrammhebelsystem aufgehängt. Am Lager 132a greift gelenkig ein Hebel 133a an, und am Lager 132b ist ein Hebel 133b angelenkt. Die Hebel 133a und 133b tragen an dem Ende, das dem Maschinenkörper 131 abgewandt ist, einen Hauptlenker 133c, der parallel zum Maschinenkörper 131 verläuft und von dem pneumatischen Zylinder 134 angehoben oder gesenkt wird. An seinem vorderen Ende trägt der Hauptlenker 133c das Schild 135 mit Kufe 136, die auf den Strang 101 zur Herstellung einer Synchronbewegung aufsetzt.7 shows a flame cutting machine 130 with a modified lever system for producing the synchronous movement of the flame cutting machine with the strand. The flame cutting machine ent speaks in principle the one explained in Fig. 6, and the reference numerals refer to the same parts. However, a parallelogram lever system is suspended from the machine body 131 in bearings 132a and 132b. A lever 133a is articulated on the bearing 132a, and a lever 133b is articulated on the bearing 132b. At the end facing away from the machine body 131, the levers 133a and 133b carry a main link 133c which runs parallel to the machine body 131 and is raised or lowered by the pneumatic cylinder 134. At its front end, the main link 133c carries the shield 135 with a skid 136, which is placed on the strand 101 to produce a synchronous movement.

In den Fig. 8 bis 10 ist über dem Gießstrang 1 eine Brennschneidmaschine 2 dargestellt. Diese besteht aus einem Maschinenrahmen 23 mit Laufrädern 24. Diese rollen auf der Laufbahn 25 ab, die auf einer Unterstützung 26 ruht. Der Maschinenrahmen trägt eine Brennerlaufbahn 27 mit einem Brennerwagen 28, an dem über einen Brennerarm 29 der Schneidbrenner 3 befestigt ist. In Lagern 30 sind Absenkschwingen 31 befestigt, die es ermöglichen, daß ein Hub- und Senkzylinder 32 über einen Hubsenkarm 33 an der Brennerlaufbahn 27 diese absenkt, bis die Aufsetzkufe 34, die an einem Stützrahmen 35 befestigt ist, am Gießstrang 1 zur Auflage kommt. Unter der Brennerlaufbahn 27 ist eine wasserdurchflossene Wärmeschutzplatte 36 angeordnet, die eine abgewinkelte Form aufweist und gegen Wärmestrahlung von unten und vorn die Brennschneidmaschine 2 schützt. Im Vorderteil der Wärmeschutzplatte 36. ist ein Schlitz 37 vorgesehen, durch den Brennerkragarme 29 hindurchreichen und die Brenner 3 tragen. Vor den Brennern 3 sitzt ein Versorgungsrohr 38 für Granulierwasser. Dieses Versorgungsrohr 38 ist aus Vierkantrohren ausgebildet und trägt Brennerausrichtanschläge 39 zum genauen Ausrichten der Brenner 3 zueinander zum Erzielen genau in einer Ebene fluchtender Schnitte am Gießstrang 1.8 to 10, a flame cutting machine 2 is shown above the casting strand 1. This consists of a machine frame 23 with wheels 24. These roll on the track 25, which rests on a support 26. The machine frame carries a torch track 27 with a torch carriage 28, to which the cutting torch 3 is attached via a torch arm 29. Lowering rockers 31 are attached in bearings 30, which enable a lifting and lowering cylinder 32 to lower the burner track 27 via a lifting lowering arm 33 until the skid 34, which is attached to a support frame 35, comes to rest on the casting strand 1. Arranged under the burner track 27 is a heat protection plate 36 through which water flows, which has an angled shape and protects the flame cutting machine 2 against heat radiation from below and in front. A slot 37 is provided in the front part of the heat protection plate 36. It extends through the burner cantilever arms 29 and supports the burner 3. In front of the burners 3 there is a supply pipe 38 for pelletizing water. This supply tube 38 is formed from square tubes and carries burner alignment stops 39 for precisely aligning the burners 3 with one another in order to achieve cuts which are exactly aligned in one plane on the casting strand 1.

Der Maschinenrahmen 23 ist aus Hohlprofilen zusammengeschweißt und wird für Kühlzwecke von Wasser durchflossen. Dieser Maschinenrahmen 23, bestehend aus Quer- und Längsprofilen, ist eine verwindungsfeste Konstruktion und stellt von daher auch eine genaue Führung der Brenner 3 und damit einen genauen Schnitt am Gießstrang 1 sicher.The machine frame 23 is welded together from hollow profiles and is flowed through by water for cooling purposes. This machine frame 23, consisting of transverse and longitudinal profiles, is a torsion-resistant construction and therefore also ensures accurate guidance of the burners 3 and thus an exact cut on the casting strand 1.

In Fig.11 ist eine Meßrolle 7 dargestellt, die mit ihrem Meßrad 41 auf dem Strang 1 abläuft. Das Meßrad 41 sitzt am Ende einer Meßhohlwelle 42, durch die sich ein mittig angeordnetes, mitdrehendes Kühlwasserrohr 43 erstreckt. Die Meßhohlwelle 42 ist mit Hilfe von Meßwellenlagern 44 im Meßrollengehäuse 45 gelagert. Durch einen Hubkolben 46 ist das Meßwellengehäuse 45 um ein Kipplager 47 verschwenkbar. Das Meßwellengehäuse 45 mit dem Hubkolben 46 und dem Kipplager 47 ist auf einem Verschiebewagen 48 gelagert, der durch einen Verschiebeantrieb 49 rechtwinklig zur Gießstrangbewegung verschiebbar ist, so daß das Meßrad 41 quer zur Strangachse für Zwillings- oder Drillingsguß verschoben werden kann. An dem dem Meßrad 41 gegenüberliegenden Ende der Meßhohlwelle 42 sitzt auf dieser ein Antriebsrad 50, das über eine Antriebskette oder einen Zahnriemen 51 mit einem Antriebsrad 52 verbunden ist, das mit einem Impulsgeber 53 verbunden ist. Ein Wasserzuführrohr 54 führt zu einer Wasserdrehdurchführung 55, von der das Kühlwasserrohr 43 in der Meßhohlwelle 42 gespeist wird. Mit 56 ist eine Wasserrinne bezeichnet, die an dem Verschiebewagen 48 angebracht ist. Die ortsfeste Meßrolle 3 kann auch nicht verschiebbar ausgeführt sein oder nicht ortsfest auf der Brennschneidmaschine 2 montiert sein. Dabei kann ein obenliegendes Kipplager vorgesehen sein, von dem das Meßrad hängend auf dem Strang abläuft, was nicht dargestellt ist.11 shows a measuring roller 7, which runs with its measuring wheel 41 on the strand 1. The measuring wheel 41 sits at the end of a hollow measuring shaft 42 through which a centrally arranged, rotating cooling water pipe 43 extends. The hollow measuring shaft 42 is mounted in the measuring roller housing 45 with the aid of measuring shaft bearings 44. The measuring shaft housing 45 can be pivoted about a tilting bearing 47 by means of a reciprocating piston 46. The measuring shaft housing 45 with the reciprocating piston 46 and the tilting bearing 47 is mounted on a sliding carriage 48 which can be displaced at right angles to the casting strand movement by means of a sliding drive 49, so that the measuring wheel 41 can be displaced transversely to the strand axis for twin or triple casting. At the end of the hollow measuring shaft 42 opposite the measuring wheel 41 there is a drive wheel 50 which is connected via a drive chain or a toothed belt 51 to a drive wheel 52 which is connected to a pulse generator 53. A water supply pipe 54 leads to a rotary water feedthrough 55, from which the cooling water pipe 43 in the hollow measuring shaft 42 is fed. With 56 a water channel is designated, which is attached to the transfer carriage 48. The stationary measuring roller 3 may also not be designed to be displaceable or it may not be mounted stationary on the flame cutting machine 2. An overhead tilting bearing can be provided, from which the measuring wheel runs hanging on the strand, which is not shown.

Das beschriebene Verfahren mit der erläuterten Brennschneidmaschine zu seiner Durchführung ermöglicht nicht nur eine Restendenoptimierung des Gießstrangs 1 bezüglich Inhalt von Gießpfannen 10 und Verteilerrinne 11, sondern minimiert den Verlust durch ungenaue Gießstücklängen und ermöglicht bei Sequenzgüssen eine Einstellung auf die verschiedensten sich verändernden Betriebsparameter, so daß damit der gesamte Gießvorgang restlos beherrschbar ist.The described method with the explained flame cutting machine for its implementation not only enables the end of the casting strand 1 to be optimized with respect to the content of the casting ladles 10 and the distributor trough 11, but also minimizes the loss due to inaccurate casting piece lengths and, in the case of sequence castings, enables adjustment to a wide variety of changing operating parameters, so that the entire casting process is completely manageable.

Claims (15)

1. Method for operating a continuous casting plant with a flame-cutting machine for separating cast pieces, in which measurement data, such as billet width, billet thickness and cross-sectional billet shape, are acquired at the flame-cutting machine, while taking account of the pouring temperature, pouring speed, homogeneity over the moving billet length, billet surface defects and relative material density, and evaluated in a computing and control device, the values for an optimizing control of the continuous casting plant, on the one hand for immediate operation and on the other for long-term optimization, are made available and the values obtained are fed into the actual flame-cutting machine, for cutting off a workpiece of a desired length corresponding exactly or almost exactly to a certain workpiece weight, characterised in that, in order to divide the billet without wastage, a first billet piece, which is determined with conventional safety allowances, is measured and separated by the flame-cutting machine as a calibration workpiece and that the temperature, homogeneity and shape deviations, which are known from the latter, from a weight/length ratio which takes account of the ideal case, are fed into the flame-cutting machine as a calibration value for programming a new piece length for the purpose of separating a second billet piece.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a second billet piece, which is produced on the basis of the calibration value, is re-weighed and its weight/length ratio is used as a correction value for determining the length of the third piece, the correction values of the third billet piece being used for the fourth billet piece, etc.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that measuring devices, which are mounted in the area of the flame-cutting machine, for the billet thickness, billet width, cross-sectional shape, temperature or other weight-determining properties are used to improve or confirm the measurement result.
4. Billet flame-cutting machine for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, with a track, which is arranged parallel to the billet and on which the machine can move by means of a machine carriage and a following device for hydraulic, pneumatic or motor-driven clamping or attachment, a universal measuring device being provided on the flame-cutting machine or in the area of the latter for acquiring a plurality of measurement data, such as billet width, billet thickness and cross-sectional billet shape, as well as pouring temperature, pouring speed, homogeneity over the moving billet length, billet surface defects and relative material density, characterised in that the universal measuring device (21) comprises a billet speed measuring device (21f) and further devices (21 g) for acquiring particular, specific data and preferably consists of a measuring roll (7) with pulse generators (53) for measuring the passage of the billet, a flame-cutting machine measuring wheel (5) with pulse generators for dividing the billet and for measuring the paths of movement of the flame-cutting machine (2) and an associated weighing device (8) for accurately determining the weight of the billet pieces (1.1) which have just been cut off while they are passing through or during a brief stoppage.
5. Billet flame-cutting machine according to claim 4, characterised in that the measuring roll (7) can be arranged such that it is stationary for a billet length measurement in front of and below the flame-cutting machine (2) on the latter's track or track support and consists of a pivot bearing (47), which can be moved (49) horizontally at a right angle to the axis of the billet (1) for dual or triple casting, in order to pivot the hollow measuring shaft (42) with the measuring wheel (41) up or down onto the surface of the cast billet (1).
6. Billet flame-cutting machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the weighing device (8; 102), which is associated with the flame-cutting machine (2) or the universal measuring device (21), transmits the weighing measurement data for controlling the flame-cutting machine (2), the weighing device (8; 102) preferably consisting of two to three or more weighing rolls (61), according to the billet piece length, which are arranged such that they can be raised and lowered (66) on pressure measuring devices (65) in the run-out roll table (60) of the flame-cutting machine (2), and that the weighing device (8) raises the billet piece (1.1) which has just been cut off to weigh it, while it is at rest or passing through, on the basis of a position indication, e.g. from a light barrier, the weighing device (102) being provided with the lightest possible weight and possibly having one or two pressure measuring devices (108, 109) which, in addition to a tare weighing operation (only carriage weight), carry out a gross weighing operation (carriage weight and workpiece weight).
7. Billet flame-cutting machine according to claim 6, characterised in that the weighing device (102) consists of at least two co-operating sub-weighing devices (104, 105, 117) for short workpieces (101) and of further sub-weighing devices (104, 105, 117) for very long workpieces, and that at least two non- adjacent ones co-operate.
8. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the weighing device (102) feeds the data which has been determined into a provided universal measuring device or length measuring and control device of the flame-cutting machine (2).
9. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the weighing device (102) comprises two or more bearings (104, 105,116) for the workpiece (101), which all act with as little friction as possible on a common force or weight measuring appliance (119), which determines the sum of all the tare and all the gross weighing operations, that the bearings of the weighing device (102) preferably consist of bearing bars or rolls (104) in gaps in the workpiece conveying roll table (103), which bars or rolls, being pivotable upwards by means of levers (105), for example, raise the workpiece (101) to be weighed, the levers being moved by hydraulic lifting components (117), which are supported by the weighing device (119), that a measuring arm (118) may be provided for each bearing bar or roll (104) at a point along the conveying roll table, which arm bears the support (117) in the vicinity of a pivot (120) and is supported at the long end on the central balance (126), while the measuring arm parts (a, b; c, d) can be accurately fixed to the measuring arm lever (118; 124) between bearings (120, 125), the support point and the connection point (122; 123) with the central balance (121,126) and the ratio of their lengths at the measuring arm levers (128, 124) is equal.
10. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterised in that the central balance (121, 126) consists of a driven gyroscope, which is known per se, in a gimbal mount, which gyroscope converts a vertical force = weighing lever bearing force into a rotation.
11. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterised in that a lever (133) is mounted below a cylindrical or box-shaped machine body (131) with three or four travelling wheels, which lever can be raised or lowered by a pneumatic cylinder (134) in the machine body (131) and bears at the front end in front of the machine body (131) a shield (135) with a runner (136) for placing on the billet to obtain synchronization, and that a track (137) is disposed on the shield (135) at a right angle to the billet (101), on which track a torch carriage (138) with a water-cooled motor, a torch cantilever (139) and a torch (140) are arranged in a mobile manner, a heat insulation plate (142), which extends under the machine body (131) and through which water flows, being secured to the shield (135) below the torch track (137) and comprising a slot (134), through which the torch cantilever (139) projects.
12. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterised in that a parallelogram lever system (133a, 133b, 133c) is suspended below the machine body (131), the main guide bar (133c) of which, extending parallel to the machine body, can be raised or lowered by a pneumatic cylinder (134) in the machine body (131) and bears at its front end a shield (135) with a runner (136) for placing on the billet (101) to obtain synchronization.
13. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterised in that a frame (23) is provided which is assembled by welding together two longitudinal and two cross members consisting of hollow sections, the projecting longitudinal sections bearing travelling and guide wheel bearings (24), the rear cross member bearing an accessible platform with rails and the front cross member bearing two pivot arms (31) and a pneumatic cylinder, that a water-cooled torch track (27) is secured to the pivot arms (31) such that it can be raised and lowered, on which track, in addition to the torch carriage(s) (28), a pipe construction, through which water flows, is disposed as a set-down runner (34), that a heat insulation plate (36) of an angular shape, which is disposed below the torch track (27), is provided to protect against thermal radiation from below and the front and comprises a slot (37) in the front part, through which torch cantilevers (29), bearing the torches (3), on the torch carriages (28) extend, and that a supply pipe (38) for granulating water is preferably arranged in front of the torches (3), which pipe is formed, for example, as a square pipe and bears stop-like aligning devices (39) to accurately align the torches (3) with one another to obtain cuts in the cast billet (1) which are in true alignment in one plane.
14. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterised in that the flame-cutting machine (2) is provided with an arresting or a braking device which enables the greatest possible or a full frictional force to be applied to obtain synchronization with the billet (1) shortly before the correct piece length (x) arrives in front of the torches (3) and then an immediate skid-free drive to be effected by a releasing action to achieve synchronous movement.
15. Billet flame-cutting machine according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterised in that a stationary measuring device (7) is arranged on the torch track (27) or the latter's support (26) at the shortest possible distance from the torches (3) in the pouring direction, which device consists of a measuring wheel (41), through which water flows, on a hollow measuring shaft (42) with a closed coolant system (43, 55) in the area of the cast billet and with a single-acting operating cylinder (46) for lowering the measuring wheel (41) onto the cast billet, and that the associated pulse generator (53) is disposed in a protected position and is connected via a toothed belt drive (51) to the hollow measuring shaft end (50).
EP86110343A 1985-08-30 1986-07-26 Method of operating a continuous casting plant and a billet-oxygen cutting machine for carrying out the same Expired EP0213389B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86110343T ATE48960T1 (en) 1985-08-30 1986-07-26 PROCEDURE FOR THE OPERATION OF A CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANT AND A CONTINUOUS GAS CUTTING MACHINE FOR IMPLEMENTATION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3531041 1985-08-30
DE19853531041 DE3531041A1 (en) 1985-08-30 1985-08-30 STRAND CUTTING MACHINE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213389A2 EP0213389A2 (en) 1987-03-11
EP0213389A3 EP0213389A3 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0213389B1 true EP0213389B1 (en) 1989-12-27

Family

ID=6279775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86110343A Expired EP0213389B1 (en) 1985-08-30 1986-07-26 Method of operating a continuous casting plant and a billet-oxygen cutting machine for carrying out the same

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0213389B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE48960T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3531041A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2001617A6 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE172395T1 (en) * 1994-12-03 1998-11-15 Lotz H K Feuerschutzbaustoffe CONTINUOUS STEEL CASTING PLANT WITH A SYNCHRONOUS TORCH CUTTING MACHINE PLACED ON THE STRAND
CN105328152B (en) * 2014-08-15 2018-05-08 中冶宝钢技术服务有限公司 Melt except equipment purges igniter and its ignition method slab defects
CN112222367B (en) * 2019-06-30 2022-03-18 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Continuous casting blank cutting control system and weight self-adaptive cutting control method thereof

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614978A (en) * 1968-07-01 1971-10-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Computerized continuous casting system control responsive to strand position
CH563205A5 (en) * 1973-08-03 1975-06-30 Concast Ag
EP0004384A1 (en) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-03 I.P.U. Limited Method for gas cutting steel billets in continuous-casting machines and installation for carrying out the method
DE2928771A1 (en) * 1979-07-17 1981-02-12 Ipu Ltd Flame cutting steel slabs in continuous casting plant - where microprocessor controls burner movement, so flame cannot impinge on rollers carrying the moving slab

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3531041A1 (en) 1987-03-05
EP0213389A2 (en) 1987-03-11
ES2001617A6 (en) 1988-06-01
EP0213389A3 (en) 1987-08-26
ATE48960T1 (en) 1990-01-15
DE3667760D1 (en) 1990-02-01

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