EP0213011A1 - Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213011A1
EP0213011A1 EP86401585A EP86401585A EP0213011A1 EP 0213011 A1 EP0213011 A1 EP 0213011A1 EP 86401585 A EP86401585 A EP 86401585A EP 86401585 A EP86401585 A EP 86401585A EP 0213011 A1 EP0213011 A1 EP 0213011A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
oven
furnace
diffusion
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86401585A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0213011B1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Queille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication date
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to AT86401585T priority Critical patent/ATE40415T1/de
Publication of EP0213011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0213011A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cementation-diffusion process in a charge oven, in which the oven door is opened, a charge is introduced into the oven previously conditioned to the case temperature, the oven door is closed, the charge in a first phase known as carburizing during which the speed of transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to the surface of the part is preponderant compared to the speed of diffusion of carbon from the surface of the part towards the interior of this, then in a second so-called diffusion phase during which said diffusion speed becomes preponderant with respect to said transfer speed, the temperature of the furnace possibly possibly decreasing during this second phase, the load possibly being cooled before the opening of the oven door to allow its extraction and the introduction of a new charge, a carrier gas, possibly supplemented with hydrocarbon being introduced in the oven for the duration of the process.
  • a carrier gas possibly supplemented with hydrocarbon being introduced in the oven for the duration of the process.
  • a charge oven has a charge entry door, which door is closed for the duration of the treatment so as to maintain a controlled atmosphere in the oven and avoid air entry.
  • the atmosphere of a charge furnace, during case hardening generally comprises the following components:
  • a low gas flow rate in the oven results in an even longer reconditioning thereof.
  • a large quantity of air is introduced at ambient temperature.
  • the atmosphere is thus "deconditioned", the concentration of oxidizing species (CO 2 , O 2 , H 2 O) becoming much too high for the cementation process to take place correctly.
  • the oven temperature generally between 850 ° C and 1050 ° C, decreases due to the introduction of the charge at room temperature. This decrease in temperature is accompanied by a transition to a temperature below the safety temperature, below which the atmosphere becomes explosive. To reduce this risk, nitrogen is injected into the oven so as to dilute the atmosphere to stay within safety standards.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the flow rate D1 of carrier gas during the carburizing phase is linked to the flow rate D2 of carrier gas during the diffusion phase by the relationship the flow rate D 2 being greater than or equal to the minimum safety threshold of the furnace used.
  • D 1 will be greater than or equal to 1.5 D 2 .
  • the gas flow will be equal to the value D 1 . If, on the contrary, the gas is to be saved as much as possible, while slightly lengthening the carburizing cycle, the gas flow will be equal to D 2 .
  • the gas flow will be equal to D 3 > D 1 and preferably greater than 1.2 D 1 but less than 2 x D 1 .
  • This flow D 3 can be maintained, in the case of an automatic regulation of the gas flow rates as a function of the temperature, until the return to the temperature T of carburizing of the charge introduced.
  • the desired atmosphere can therefore be assimilated to a so-called protective atmosphere, neutral vis-à-vis the surface of the parts (no carburizing or decarburization).
  • composition of the atmosphere can also be varied according to the teaching of US Pat. No. 4,519,853, but also according to the teaching of US Patent 4,306,918.
  • an atmosphere generated from methanol sprayed with nitrogen will be chosen.
  • at least 20% nitrogen and the balance of methanol will generally be used.
  • An injection rod as described in US Patent 4,279,406 is suitable, for example for this operation.
  • the quality of the filler is excellent, superior to that of Example 1.
  • Example 3 shows that it is possible to obtain a treatment of excellent quality (equivalent to or better than that of Example 1) while minimizing the total gas consumption.
  • the atmosphere injected during the cementation phase included 80% methanol and 20% nitrogen while the atmosphere injected during the diffusion phase included about 30% methanol and 70% nitrogen, while the carbon potentials of these atmospheres were kept within the usual limits for the cementation and diffusion phases, but identical in the three examples.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
EP86401585A 1985-08-14 1986-07-16 Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen Expired EP0213011B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86401585T ATE40415T1 (de) 1985-08-14 1986-07-16 Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen aufkohlung von werkstuecken in einem ofen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8512379A FR2586258B1 (fr) 1985-08-14 1985-08-14 Procede pour la cementation rapide et homogene d'une charge dans un four
FR8512379 1985-08-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213011A1 true EP0213011A1 (de) 1987-03-04
EP0213011B1 EP0213011B1 (de) 1989-01-25

Family

ID=9322226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86401585A Expired EP0213011B1 (de) 1985-08-14 1986-07-16 Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4744839A (de)
EP (1) EP0213011B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6240358A (de)
AT (1) ATE40415T1 (de)
AU (1) AU589202B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8603866A (de)
CA (1) CA1281266C (de)
DE (1) DE3661942D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8707310A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2586258B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA865391B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0288680A2 (de) * 1987-04-29 1988-11-02 Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Gasaufkohlung von Stahl
FR2614902A1 (fr) * 1987-03-05 1988-11-10 Schwing Ewald Procede pour carburer une piece a usiner en acier

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2586259B1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-10-30 Air Liquide Procede de cementation rapide dans un four continu
US4950334A (en) * 1986-08-12 1990-08-21 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas carburizing method and apparatus
US5168200A (en) * 1989-12-18 1992-12-01 Payne Kenneth R Automatic powered flowmeter valves and control thereof
US6547888B1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2003-04-15 Swagelok Company Modified low temperature case hardening processes
JP6773411B2 (ja) * 2015-12-08 2020-10-21 日本エア・リキード合同会社 浸炭システム及び表面硬化鋼材の製造方法
CN113957228A (zh) * 2021-10-09 2022-01-21 上海丰东热处理工程有限公司 传动电机轴热处理工艺

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955062A (en) * 1952-02-27 1960-10-04 Midland Ross Corp Method for carburizing in a continuous furnace
US3356541A (en) * 1965-08-20 1967-12-05 Midland Ross Corp Carburizing method and apparatus
FR2249179A1 (de) * 1973-10-26 1975-05-23 Air Prod Ltd
FR2404051A1 (fr) * 1977-09-22 1979-04-20 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Procede de cementation gazeuse des pieces en acier
EP0096602A1 (de) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken durch Aufkohlung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US26935A (en) * 1860-01-24 Attaching bonnets to sails
US3950192A (en) * 1974-10-30 1976-04-13 Monsanto Company Continuous carburizing method
US4049472A (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-09-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals
US4145232A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-03-20 Union Carbide Corporation Process for carburizing steel
US4175986A (en) * 1978-10-19 1979-11-27 Trw Inc. Inert carrier gas heat treating control process
US4306918A (en) * 1980-04-22 1981-12-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for carburizing ferrous metals
FR2586259B1 (fr) * 1985-08-14 1987-10-30 Air Liquide Procede de cementation rapide dans un four continu

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955062A (en) * 1952-02-27 1960-10-04 Midland Ross Corp Method for carburizing in a continuous furnace
US3356541A (en) * 1965-08-20 1967-12-05 Midland Ross Corp Carburizing method and apparatus
FR2249179A1 (de) * 1973-10-26 1975-05-23 Air Prod Ltd
FR2404051A1 (fr) * 1977-09-22 1979-04-20 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Procede de cementation gazeuse des pieces en acier
EP0096602A1 (de) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken durch Aufkohlung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
METAL SCIENCE & HEAT TREATMENT, vol. 21, no. 5/6, mai-juin 1979, pages 442-446, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, US; N.M. BUSLOVICH et al.: "Laws governing the interaction of the gaseous medium with the surface of the metal in the process of carburizing" *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2614902A1 (fr) * 1987-03-05 1988-11-10 Schwing Ewald Procede pour carburer une piece a usiner en acier
EP0288680A2 (de) * 1987-04-29 1988-11-02 Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Gasaufkohlung von Stahl
EP0288680A3 (en) * 1987-04-29 1990-01-31 Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Process for carburizing steel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0213011B1 (de) 1989-01-25
JPS6240358A (ja) 1987-02-21
FR2586258B1 (fr) 1987-10-30
DE3661942D1 (en) 1989-03-02
ATE40415T1 (de) 1989-02-15
ES556250A0 (es) 1987-07-16
JPS644583B2 (de) 1989-01-26
AU6045986A (en) 1987-02-19
FR2586258A1 (fr) 1987-02-20
ES8707310A1 (es) 1987-07-16
BR8603866A (pt) 1987-03-24
US4744839A (en) 1988-05-17
AU589202B2 (en) 1989-10-05
ZA865391B (en) 1987-03-25
CA1281266C (fr) 1991-03-12

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