EP0213011A1 - Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0213011A1 EP0213011A1 EP86401585A EP86401585A EP0213011A1 EP 0213011 A1 EP0213011 A1 EP 0213011A1 EP 86401585 A EP86401585 A EP 86401585A EP 86401585 A EP86401585 A EP 86401585A EP 0213011 A1 EP0213011 A1 EP 0213011A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- charge
- oven
- furnace
- diffusion
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cementation-diffusion process in a charge oven, in which the oven door is opened, a charge is introduced into the oven previously conditioned to the case temperature, the oven door is closed, the charge in a first phase known as carburizing during which the speed of transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to the surface of the part is preponderant compared to the speed of diffusion of carbon from the surface of the part towards the interior of this, then in a second so-called diffusion phase during which said diffusion speed becomes preponderant with respect to said transfer speed, the temperature of the furnace possibly possibly decreasing during this second phase, the load possibly being cooled before the opening of the oven door to allow its extraction and the introduction of a new charge, a carrier gas, possibly supplemented with hydrocarbon being introduced in the oven for the duration of the process.
- a carrier gas possibly supplemented with hydrocarbon being introduced in the oven for the duration of the process.
- a charge oven has a charge entry door, which door is closed for the duration of the treatment so as to maintain a controlled atmosphere in the oven and avoid air entry.
- the atmosphere of a charge furnace, during case hardening generally comprises the following components:
- a low gas flow rate in the oven results in an even longer reconditioning thereof.
- a large quantity of air is introduced at ambient temperature.
- the atmosphere is thus "deconditioned", the concentration of oxidizing species (CO 2 , O 2 , H 2 O) becoming much too high for the cementation process to take place correctly.
- the oven temperature generally between 850 ° C and 1050 ° C, decreases due to the introduction of the charge at room temperature. This decrease in temperature is accompanied by a transition to a temperature below the safety temperature, below which the atmosphere becomes explosive. To reduce this risk, nitrogen is injected into the oven so as to dilute the atmosphere to stay within safety standards.
- the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the flow rate D1 of carrier gas during the carburizing phase is linked to the flow rate D2 of carrier gas during the diffusion phase by the relationship the flow rate D 2 being greater than or equal to the minimum safety threshold of the furnace used.
- D 1 will be greater than or equal to 1.5 D 2 .
- the gas flow will be equal to the value D 1 . If, on the contrary, the gas is to be saved as much as possible, while slightly lengthening the carburizing cycle, the gas flow will be equal to D 2 .
- the gas flow will be equal to D 3 > D 1 and preferably greater than 1.2 D 1 but less than 2 x D 1 .
- This flow D 3 can be maintained, in the case of an automatic regulation of the gas flow rates as a function of the temperature, until the return to the temperature T of carburizing of the charge introduced.
- the desired atmosphere can therefore be assimilated to a so-called protective atmosphere, neutral vis-à-vis the surface of the parts (no carburizing or decarburization).
- composition of the atmosphere can also be varied according to the teaching of US Pat. No. 4,519,853, but also according to the teaching of US Patent 4,306,918.
- an atmosphere generated from methanol sprayed with nitrogen will be chosen.
- at least 20% nitrogen and the balance of methanol will generally be used.
- An injection rod as described in US Patent 4,279,406 is suitable, for example for this operation.
- the quality of the filler is excellent, superior to that of Example 1.
- Example 3 shows that it is possible to obtain a treatment of excellent quality (equivalent to or better than that of Example 1) while minimizing the total gas consumption.
- the atmosphere injected during the cementation phase included 80% methanol and 20% nitrogen while the atmosphere injected during the diffusion phase included about 30% methanol and 70% nitrogen, while the carbon potentials of these atmospheres were kept within the usual limits for the cementation and diffusion phases, but identical in the three examples.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86401585T ATE40415T1 (de) | 1985-08-14 | 1986-07-16 | Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen aufkohlung von werkstuecken in einem ofen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8512379A FR2586258B1 (fr) | 1985-08-14 | 1985-08-14 | Procede pour la cementation rapide et homogene d'une charge dans un four |
FR8512379 | 1985-08-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0213011A1 true EP0213011A1 (de) | 1987-03-04 |
EP0213011B1 EP0213011B1 (de) | 1989-01-25 |
Family
ID=9322226
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86401585A Expired EP0213011B1 (de) | 1985-08-14 | 1986-07-16 | Verfahren zur schnellen und homogenen Aufkohlung von Werkstücken in einem Ofen |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4744839A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0213011B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS6240358A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE40415T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU589202B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR8603866A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1281266C (de) |
DE (1) | DE3661942D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES8707310A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2586258B1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA865391B (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0288680A2 (de) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-02 | Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Gasaufkohlung von Stahl |
FR2614902A1 (fr) * | 1987-03-05 | 1988-11-10 | Schwing Ewald | Procede pour carburer une piece a usiner en acier |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2586259B1 (fr) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-10-30 | Air Liquide | Procede de cementation rapide dans un four continu |
US4950334A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1990-08-21 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas carburizing method and apparatus |
US5168200A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1992-12-01 | Payne Kenneth R | Automatic powered flowmeter valves and control thereof |
US6547888B1 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2003-04-15 | Swagelok Company | Modified low temperature case hardening processes |
JP6773411B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-08 | 2020-10-21 | 日本エア・リキード合同会社 | 浸炭システム及び表面硬化鋼材の製造方法 |
CN113957228A (zh) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 上海丰东热处理工程有限公司 | 传动电机轴热处理工艺 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2955062A (en) * | 1952-02-27 | 1960-10-04 | Midland Ross Corp | Method for carburizing in a continuous furnace |
US3356541A (en) * | 1965-08-20 | 1967-12-05 | Midland Ross Corp | Carburizing method and apparatus |
FR2249179A1 (de) * | 1973-10-26 | 1975-05-23 | Air Prod Ltd | |
FR2404051A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-22 | 1979-04-20 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Procede de cementation gazeuse des pieces en acier |
EP0096602A1 (de) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-21 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken durch Aufkohlung |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US26935A (en) * | 1860-01-24 | Attaching bonnets to sails | ||
US3950192A (en) * | 1974-10-30 | 1976-04-13 | Monsanto Company | Continuous carburizing method |
US4049472A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-09-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals |
US4145232A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1979-03-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for carburizing steel |
US4175986A (en) * | 1978-10-19 | 1979-11-27 | Trw Inc. | Inert carrier gas heat treating control process |
US4306918A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-12-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process for carburizing ferrous metals |
FR2586259B1 (fr) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-10-30 | Air Liquide | Procede de cementation rapide dans un four continu |
-
1985
- 1985-08-14 FR FR8512379A patent/FR2586258B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-06-19 ES ES556250A patent/ES8707310A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-07-15 US US06/885,852 patent/US4744839A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-16 DE DE8686401585T patent/DE3661942D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-07-16 EP EP86401585A patent/EP0213011B1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-07-16 AT AT86401585T patent/ATE40415T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-18 ZA ZA865391A patent/ZA865391B/xx unknown
- 1986-07-23 AU AU60459/86A patent/AU589202B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-08-11 JP JP61187010A patent/JPS6240358A/ja active Granted
- 1986-08-13 CA CA000515900A patent/CA1281266C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-13 BR BR8603866A patent/BR8603866A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2955062A (en) * | 1952-02-27 | 1960-10-04 | Midland Ross Corp | Method for carburizing in a continuous furnace |
US3356541A (en) * | 1965-08-20 | 1967-12-05 | Midland Ross Corp | Carburizing method and apparatus |
FR2249179A1 (de) * | 1973-10-26 | 1975-05-23 | Air Prod Ltd | |
FR2404051A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-22 | 1979-04-20 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Procede de cementation gazeuse des pieces en acier |
EP0096602A1 (de) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-21 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken durch Aufkohlung |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
METAL SCIENCE & HEAT TREATMENT, vol. 21, no. 5/6, mai-juin 1979, pages 442-446, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, US; N.M. BUSLOVICH et al.: "Laws governing the interaction of the gaseous medium with the surface of the metal in the process of carburizing" * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2614902A1 (fr) * | 1987-03-05 | 1988-11-10 | Schwing Ewald | Procede pour carburer une piece a usiner en acier |
EP0288680A2 (de) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-02 | Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Gasaufkohlung von Stahl |
EP0288680A3 (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1990-01-31 | Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Process for carburizing steel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0213011B1 (de) | 1989-01-25 |
JPS6240358A (ja) | 1987-02-21 |
FR2586258B1 (fr) | 1987-10-30 |
DE3661942D1 (en) | 1989-03-02 |
ATE40415T1 (de) | 1989-02-15 |
ES556250A0 (es) | 1987-07-16 |
JPS644583B2 (de) | 1989-01-26 |
AU6045986A (en) | 1987-02-19 |
FR2586258A1 (fr) | 1987-02-20 |
ES8707310A1 (es) | 1987-07-16 |
BR8603866A (pt) | 1987-03-24 |
US4744839A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
AU589202B2 (en) | 1989-10-05 |
ZA865391B (en) | 1987-03-25 |
CA1281266C (fr) | 1991-03-12 |
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