EP0212190B1 - Device for cutting work pieces - Google Patents

Device for cutting work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0212190B1
EP0212190B1 EP86109217A EP86109217A EP0212190B1 EP 0212190 B1 EP0212190 B1 EP 0212190B1 EP 86109217 A EP86109217 A EP 86109217A EP 86109217 A EP86109217 A EP 86109217A EP 0212190 B1 EP0212190 B1 EP 0212190B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
ignition
oxygen
gas
heating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP86109217A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0212190A3 (en
EP0212190A2 (en
Inventor
Karl August Becker
Karl Gollwitz
Traugott Gutermann
Klaus Sonnenborn
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Priority to AT86109217T priority Critical patent/ATE60831T1/en
Publication of EP0212190A2 publication Critical patent/EP0212190A2/en
Publication of EP0212190A3 publication Critical patent/EP0212190A3/en
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Publication of EP0212190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0212190B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
    • F23D14/42—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating for cutting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cutting workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such cutting torches are preferably used in NC flame cutting systems for cutting out individual workpieces from large-area plates, the cutting process being carried out with a fuel gas heating oxygen flame and cutting oxygen.
  • the heat emitted by the heating flame and the heat generated during the combustion of the material enables continuous combustion by the cutting oxygen jet.
  • the heating flame must be ignited with an ignition device before the flame cut.
  • the flow velocity in this heating slot is so great that the flame lifts off at the end face of the slot nozzle and disturbs the flow behavior of the immediately adjacent heating flames. Turbulence arises.
  • the specific heating power per unit area decreases in this entire area, which leads to cutting break if, as is the normal case, this area assumes a leading function during flame cutting and the predetermined cutting speed is maintained.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an ignition device in a cutting torch according to the preamble of the main claim, prevents flashbacks in the channel for the fuel gas-heating oxygen mixture, as well as avoid negative influences by the cutting oxygen and one of the setting of the heating gases of the cutting torch independent and uncontrollable amount of ignition gas can be supplied to the ignition point.
  • the fuel gas-oxygen mixture supply opens at an acute angle of preferably 15 to 30 ° into the cutting oxygen channel so that the ignition gas is in the spark range, preferably as a spark plug trained electrical ignition device is directed.
  • the screw-in center electrode of the spark / glow plug is preferably also arranged at an acute angle to the cutting oxygen channel and preferably forms an angle of, for example, 30 ° with the mixture feed.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention consist in particular in the fact that the separate fuel gas / oxygen mixture supply means that flame Setbacks in the heating gas channel can be reliably prevented and, at the same time, influencing the escaping heating gas when cutting oxygen is switched on is reliably avoided.
  • the direct connection of the mixture supply to the supply sources and the interposition of a pilot gas quantity control device advantageously achieves an electrical ignition of the main flame that works independently and cannot be influenced by the setting of the heating gases of the cutting torch.
  • the defined amount of pilot gas per ignition for all fuel gases, such as acetylene, mixed gases, propane, methane (natural gas) can be set on the pilot gas quantity control device independently of the two persons via the NC control.
  • An advantageous injector tuning and an ignition gas distributor assigned to the injector on the output side make it possible to connect several burners to only one ignition gas quantity control device.
  • FIG. 1 The drawing shows a partial section of a cutting torch 10, (FIGS. 1 and 2), preferably a three-hose machine cutting torch, which essentially consists of a valve body 11, a torch head 12 and a guide tube 13 connecting the torch head 12 to the valve body 11 consists.
  • a nozzle not shown, is attached to the burner head 12.
  • the nozzle is preferably designed as a two-part slot nozzle.
  • the heating nozzle is screwed into the internal thread 14 by means of an external thread formed at its upper end and the cutting nozzle is screwed into the internal thread 15 of the burner head 12.
  • heating nozzle and the cutting nozzle in one piece, or to fasten it to the torch head 12 by means of a pressure screw (not shown).
  • the cutting channel arranged in the middle of the cutting nozzle is connected to the cutting oxygen channel 16 of the torch head 12.
  • the cutting nozzle is connected to the cutting oxygen supply source 19 by means of a threaded connector 18 and cutting oxygen line 20 via a connecting bore arranged in the valve body 11.
  • a regulating and / or control device 21 is arranged in the cutting oxygen line 20, with which the amount of cutting oxygen can be regulated and / or controlled.
  • the cutting channel of the cutting nozzle, not shown, the cutting oxygen channel 16 and the cutting oxygen tube 17 as well as the connecting bore, not shown, to the threaded connector 18 are preferably linear within the cutting torch 10 and thus advantageously enable the arrangement of a sensor for flame monitoring in the cutting oxygen tube / channel.
  • the heating nozzle is connected to the fuel gas supply source 24 via threaded connector 23 and fuel gas line 22 and to the heating oxygen source 9 via threaded connector 26 and heating oxygen line 27.
  • the fuel gas or heating oxygen guides arranged within the cutting torch 10 and connected to the threaded connections 23, 26 are not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • Regulation and / or control devices 8, 25 for regulating and / or controlling the fuel gas and the heating oxygen are arranged in the fuel gas line 22 and the heating oxygen line 27.
  • a backflow preventer with flame arrester and gas backflow valve is preferably arranged on the threaded connector 23.
  • the heating nozzle or the heating slots of the nozzle are connected via a fuel gas / heating oxygen mixture supply (heating gas mixture supply), not shown, to an injector, preferably arranged in the valve body 11.
  • the injector is connected to the threaded connector 23, 26 via a fuel gas guide and a heating oxygen guide.
  • An electrical ignition device which is designated 28 in its entirety, is arranged within the cutting torch 10.
  • the electrical ignition device 28 consists of a separate fuel gas-oxygen mixture feed 29 (ignition gas line) and an ignition device 30 designed as a spark / glow plug, which is connected via an ignition cable 31 to an ignition transformer (not shown in more detail).
  • the spark / glow plug has a central electrode 32 which can be screwed into the burner head 12 and which is screwed into the burner head at an acute angle 35 of preferably 9 ° in a gas-tight manner.
  • the center electrode 32 is attached in a gas-tight manner by means of a stuffing box 33 and a pressure screw 34 which can be screwed into the combustion head 12.
  • the center electrode is guided in a bore 36 arranged at an angle 35 to the straight cutting oxygen channel 16.
  • the bore 36 is connected to the cutting oxygen channel 16 and forms an ignition space 37 at the transition point, into which a pin-shaped body electrode 38 projects.
  • the body electrode 38 is preferably 1.5 to 2 mm from the center electrode 32 and is preferably fastened in the burner head 12.
  • the ignition gas line 29 opens out in front of the ignition chamber 37 an acute angle 39 of preferably 21 ° into the cutting oxygen channel 16.
  • the distance between the ignition space 37 and the ignition gas line 29 is designed such that the fuel gas oxygen mixture (ignition mixture) is directed directly into the spark region between the body electrode 38 and the center electrode 32.
  • the other end of the ignition gas line 29 is connected gas-tight to the valve body 11.
  • the pilot gas line 29 is connected to the pilot gas quantity control device 45 via a connecting bore arranged in the valve body 11, the threaded connector 40 and the non-return valve 41 with flame arrester and gas backflow valve as well as line 42.
  • the pilot gas quantity control device consists of a mixing point 46, preferably an injector, which is connected on the output side to a pilot gas distributor pipe 43 to which a plurality of cutting torches 10 can be connected via line 42.
  • the burner shut-off valves 44 are arranged in the line 42, but preferably on the cutting torch 10.
  • four connections 47, 48, 49, 50 for four cutting torches 10 are shown, only one cutting torch 10 being connected to the pilot gas distributor pipe 43 for reasons of clarity. Of course, it is also possible to connect two, three or four burners or more than four burners to the pilot gas distributor pipe 43.
  • fuel gas and oxygen are premixed outside the cutting torch 10 and fed into the distributor pipe 43.
  • the injector 46 can be used for all gases that can be used for flame cutting, such as acetylene, propane, methane (natural gas) in a mixture with oxygen, and enables a sufficient range of pressure-quantity settings.
  • the injector 46 is connected to the heating oxygen supply source 9 and the fuel gas supply source 24 via branch lines 51, 52 and connecting T-pieces 53, 54 arranged in the heating oxygen line 27 and the fuel gas line 22.
  • a pressure regulator 55, 56 is arranged in each of the branch lines 51, 52, at which the pressures for pilot oxygen and pilot gas are set according to operating tables.
  • the ignition gas line 29 it is also possible to connect the ignition gas line 29 to separate ignition gas supply sources (fuel gas and oxygen supply source). This makes it possible to make the ignition gas quantity control device 45 particularly simple, e.g. to be trained as a bypass.
  • the internal ignition device according to the invention described above with reference to the drawing for igniting a fuel gas / heating oxygen mixture emerging from a nozzle of a cutting torch 10 operates as follows:
  • a fuel gas pressure according to the operating table, for example 0.3 bar (when using acetylene as fuel gas), and an associated oxygen pressure of, for example, 1 bar with a flowing gas quantity at the oxygen pressure controller 55, with the solenoid valves 59, 60 switched on and the burner shut-off valves 44 open.
  • the pressure is preferably set with only one cutting torch 10 and a screwed-in nozzle of size 3 to 10 mm or larger.
  • the ignition process is initiated by operating a pressure switch.
  • a first time relay is switched on, which locks the cutting oxygen and releases the ignition oxygen via solenoid valve 59.
  • a second time relay switched on at time 0 delays the fuel gas supply and ignition, for example by 2 seconds.
  • the ignition oxygen is switched on via the first time relay by actuating the solenoid valve 59 and the fuel gas is connected via the second time relay by actuating the solenoid valve 60.
  • the ignition transformer With the activation of the fuel gas, the ignition transformer is switched on, so that ignition sparks between the center electrode 32 and the body electrode 38 arise.
  • the fuel gas-oxygen mixture flows directly via line 42, backflow preventer 41, threaded connector 40 and pilot gas line 29 into the ignition area of the ignition device 30.
  • the ignition takes place in the cutting oxygen channel 16 of the burner head 12 shortly before the cutting nozzle.
  • approximately 0.094 liters of oxygen and 0.045 liters of fuel gas are required per cutting torch.
  • the ignition flame that arises during the ignition process strikes out of the central cutting channel of the nozzle and ignites the heating gas flowing out of the heating gas mixture channel, not shown, so that the heating flame is formed in this way.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting torch (10) with a cutting oxygen channel (16) and supplies for fuel gas and/or heating oxygen, which are connected to a fuel gas and oxygen supply source, as well as a fuel gas/oxygen mixture supply which opens into the cutting oxygen channel and to which an electric ignition device (30) is assigned. In order that a quantity of ignition gas, which is independent of and cannot be influenced by the setting of the heating gases of the cutting torch (10), can be supplied to the ignition point, the fuel gas/oxygen mixture supply (29) is connected to the supply sources, with interposition of an ignition gas quantity regulating device. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Schneiden von Werkstücken nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for cutting workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.

Solche Schneidbrenner werden vorzugsweise in NC-Brennschneidanlagen zum Ausschneiden einzelner Werkstücke aus großflächigen Platten eingesestzt, wobei der Schneidvorgang mit einer Brenngas-Heizsauerstofflamme und Schneidsauerstoff ausgeführt wird. Die von der Heizflamme abgegebene und die bei der Verbrennung des Werkstoffs entstehende Wärme ermöglicht eine fortlaufende Verbrennung durch den Schneidsauerstoffstrahl. Dabei muß die Heizflamme vor dem Brennschnitt mit einer Zündeinrichtung gezündet werden.Such cutting torches are preferably used in NC flame cutting systems for cutting out individual workpieces from large-area plates, the cutting process being carried out with a fuel gas heating oxygen flame and cutting oxygen. The heat emitted by the heating flame and the heat generated during the combustion of the material enables continuous combustion by the cutting oxygen jet. The heating flame must be ignited with an ignition device before the flame cut.

Aus der DE-OS 2304215 ist es bekannt, einem Schneidbrenner einen Zündbrenner zuzuordnen, mit dem die Heizflamme des Schneidbrenners gezündet wird. Der Zündbrenner arbeitet dabei nach dem Prinzip eines Bunsenbrenners, wobei die Zündung des Heizgasluftgemisches mit einer Zündkerze erfolgt.From DE-OS 2304215 it is known to assign a pilot burner to a pilot burner with which the heating flame of the cutting torch is ignited. The pilot burner works on the principle of a Bunsen burner, whereby the heating gas air mixture is ignited with a spark plug.

Der Nachteil eines außerhalb des Schneidbrenners angeordneten Zündbrenners besteht neben dem hohen Geräteaufwand in der erforderlichen Anordnung des Zündbrenners in Schneidbrennernähe. Hierdurch entsteht eine große Kollisionsgefahr zwischen dem Zündbrenner und den im Arbeitsraum des Schneidbrenners angeordneten Werkstücken bzw. Werkstückvorrichtungen. Außerdem sind derartige Außenzündeinrichtungenanfällig gegen Verschmutzungen, wie sie insbesondere beim Lochstechen entstehen.The disadvantage of a pilot burner arranged outside the cutting torch, in addition to the high expenditure on equipment, is the necessary arrangement of the pilot burner near the cutting torch. This creates a great risk of collision between the pilot burner and the workpieces or workpiece devices arranged in the working area of the cutting torch. In addition, such external ignition devices are susceptible to contamination, such as occurs in particular when piercing.

Bei einem aus der US-PS 3,255,803 bekannten Schneidbrenner werden die o.g. Nachteile dadurch vermieden, daß im Inneren des Schneidsauerstoffkanals ein mit einem Zündtrafo verbundener elektrischer Leiter vorgesehen ist. Bei Betätigung des Zündtrafos entsteht ein Zündfunke zwischen dem nicht isolierten Leiterende und der Schneidsauerstoffkanalwand. Am austrittseitigen Ende dieses Schneidsauerstoffkanals ist eine Querbohrung angeordnet, welche mit dem Kanal der Düse für das Brenngas-Heizsauerstoffgemisch (Heizgas) in Verbindung steht. Über diese Querbohrung gelangt ein Teil des Gasgemisches in den Schneidsauerstoffkanal und wird dort durch den Zündfunken gezündet. Die dabei entstehende Zündflamme schlägt aus dem zentralen Schneidsauerstoffkanal der Düse hinaus und entzündet dabei das aus dem Gasgemischkanal ausströmende Heizgas, so daß auf diese Weise die Flamme gebildet wird.In a cutting torch known from US Pat. No. 3,255,803, the above-mentioned. Disadvantages avoided in that an electrical conductor connected to an ignition transformer is provided in the interior of the cutting oxygen channel. When the ignition transformer is actuated, an ignition spark arises between the non-insulated conductor end and the cutting oxygen duct wall. At the outlet end of this cutting oxygen channel there is a transverse bore which is connected to the channel of the nozzle for the fuel gas / heating oxygen mixture (heating gas). Part of the gas mixture enters the cutting oxygen channel via this cross-hole and is ignited there by the ignition spark. The resulting ignition flame strikes out of the central cutting oxygen channel of the nozzle and ignites the heating gas flowing out of the gas mixture channel, so that the flame is formed in this way.

Dabei ist es jedoch nötig, die Querbohrung in einer relativ großen Entfernung unterhalb der Zündeinrichtung vorzusehen, um einerseits einen Überschlag der Zündflamme in den Heizgaskanal zu behindern und andererseits bei einem Flammenüberschlag eine Fortpflanzung der Flamme im Heizgaskanal oder eine Explosion zu vermeiden. Dies führt zu einem erhöhten Gasverbrauch bei geringerer Zündsicherheit. Bei der Verwendung von Schlitzdüsen wird bei strömenden Schneidsauerstoff durch den Schneidkanal eine Teilmenge des Schneidsauerstoffs über die Querbohrung in den ihr zugeordneten Heizschlitz geleitet und dadurch das Gasmischungsverhältnis in diesem Heizschlitz erheblich verändert. Der Schneidsauerstoff tritt mit wesentlich höherem Druck in den Schneidkanal ein, als der im Heizschlitz herrschende Heizgasdruck. Die Veränderung des Gasmischungsverhältnisses bewirkt, daß dieses Gemisch zu mager wird. Die Heizleistung, der diesem Heizschlitz zugeordneten Heizflamme sinkt. Zusätzlich wird die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in diesem Heizschlitz so groß, daß die Flamme an der Stirnseite der Schlitzdüse abhebt und die unmittelbar benachbarten Heizflammen in ihrem Strömungsverhalten nachhaltig stört. Es entstehen Turbulenzen. Dadurch sinkt die spezifische Heizleistung pro Flächeneinheit in diesem gesamten Bereich, was zum Schnittabriß führt, wenn, was der Normalfall ist, dieser Bereich beim Brennschneiden vorlaufende Funktion annimmt und die vorgegebene Schnittgeschwindigkeit beibehalten wird.However, it is necessary to provide the transverse bore at a relatively large distance below the ignition device, on the one hand to prevent the pilot flame from flashing into the heating gas duct and, on the other hand, to prevent the flame from propagating in the heating gas duct or an explosion in the event of a flashover. This leads to increased gas consumption with less ignition reliability. When using slot nozzles, a part of the cutting oxygen is passed through the cutting channel through the cross bore into the heating slot assigned to it, and the gas mixture ratio in this heating slot is changed considerably. The cutting oxygen enters the cutting channel at a much higher pressure than the hot gas pressure in the heating slot. The change in the gas mixture ratio causes this mixture to become too lean. The heating power of the heating flame assigned to this heating slot decreases. In addition, the flow velocity in this heating slot is so great that the flame lifts off at the end face of the slot nozzle and disturbs the flow behavior of the immediately adjacent heating flames. Turbulence arises. As a result, the specific heating power per unit area decreases in this entire area, which leads to cutting break if, as is the normal case, this area assumes a leading function during flame cutting and the predetermined cutting speed is maintained.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Schneidbrenner gemäß des Oberbegriffs des Hauptanspruches eine Zündeinrichtung zu schaffen, bei der Flammenrückschläge in den Kanal für das Brenngas-Heizsauerstoffgemisch verhindert, sowie negative Beeinflussungen durch den Schneidsauerstoff vermieden werden und eine von der Einstellung der Heizgase des Schneidbrenners unabhängige und unbeeinflußbare Zündgasmenge der Zündstelle zugeführt werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide an ignition device in a cutting torch according to the preamble of the main claim, prevents flashbacks in the channel for the fuel gas-heating oxygen mixture, as well as avoid negative influences by the cutting oxygen and one of the setting of the heating gases of the cutting torch independent and uncontrollable amount of ignition gas can be supplied to the ignition point.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Hauptanspruches gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the main claim.

Um eine sichere Zündung mit kleinstmöglicher definierter Zündgasmenge im Schneidsauerstoffkanal zu erreichen, mündet die Brenngas-Sauerstoff-Gemischzuführung (Zündgasgemischzuführung) unter einem spitzen Winkel von vorzugsweise 15 bis 30° so in den Schneidsauerstoffkanal, daß das Zündgas in den Funkenbereich der vorzugsweise als Zünd-Glühkerze ausgebildeten elektrischen Zündeinrichtung gerichtet ist. Vorzugsweise ist die einschraubbare Mittelelektrode der Zünd-/Glühkerze ebenfalls unter einem spitzen Winkel zu dem Schneidsauerstoffkanal angeordnet und bildet vorzugsweise mit der Gemischzuführung einen Winkel von beispielsweise 30°. Durch die Anordnung der Gemischzuführung auf der einen Seite und die Anordnung der Zünd-/ Glühkerze unterhalb der Gemischzuführung auf der anderen Seite des Schneidsauerstoffkanals wird vorteilhaft eine sichere Zündung des Zündgases innerhalb des Schneidsauerstoffkanals und somit ein schnelles Austreten der Zündflamme aus dem zentralen Schneidsauerstoffkanal erreicht.In order to achieve reliable ignition with the smallest possible defined amount of ignition gas in the cutting oxygen channel, the fuel gas-oxygen mixture supply (ignition gas mixture supply) opens at an acute angle of preferably 15 to 30 ° into the cutting oxygen channel so that the ignition gas is in the spark range, preferably as a spark plug trained electrical ignition device is directed. The screw-in center electrode of the spark / glow plug is preferably also arranged at an acute angle to the cutting oxygen channel and preferably forms an angle of, for example, 30 ° with the mixture feed. The arrangement of the mixture supply on one side and the arrangement of the spark / glow plug below the mixture supply on the other side of the cutting oxygen channel advantageously ensures reliable ignition of the ignition gas within the cutting oxygen channel and thus a rapid escape of the pilot flame from the central cutting oxygen channel.

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch die separate Brenngas-Sauerstoff-Gemischzuführung Flammrückschläge in den Heizgaskanal sicher verhindert werden und gleichzeitig eine Beeinflussung des austretenden Heizgases bei zugeschalteten Schneidsauerstoff sicher vermieden wird. Durch den direkten Anschluß der Gemischzuführung an die Versorgungsquellen und die Zwischenschaltung einer Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung wird vorteilhaft eine von der Einstellung der Heizgase des Schneidbrenners unabhängig und unbeeinflußbar arbeitende elektrische Zündung der Hauptflamme erreicht. An der Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung kann die definierte Zündgasmenge pro Zündung für alle Brenngase, wie Acetylen, Mischgase, Propan, Methan (Erdgas) unabhängig von der Beidenungsperson über die NC-Steuerung eingestellt werden. Durch eine vorteilhafte Injektorabstimmung und einem dem Injektor ausgangsseitig zugeordneten Zündgasverteiler wird es möglich, mehrere Brenner an lediglich eine Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung anzuschließen.The advantages achieved by the invention consist in particular in the fact that the separate fuel gas / oxygen mixture supply means that flame Setbacks in the heating gas channel can be reliably prevented and, at the same time, influencing the escaping heating gas when cutting oxygen is switched on is reliably avoided. The direct connection of the mixture supply to the supply sources and the interposition of a pilot gas quantity control device advantageously achieves an electrical ignition of the main flame that works independently and cannot be influenced by the setting of the heating gases of the cutting torch. The defined amount of pilot gas per ignition for all fuel gases, such as acetylene, mixed gases, propane, methane (natural gas) can be set on the pilot gas quantity control device independently of the two persons via the NC control. An advantageous injector tuning and an ignition gas distributor assigned to the injector on the output side make it possible to connect several burners to only one ignition gas quantity control device.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Teilschnittdarstellung eines Schneidbrenners mit Zündgasleitung und Innenzündeinrichtung.
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht des Schneidbrenners mit Anschluß an die Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung und die Versorgungsquellen.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view of a cutting torch with pilot gas line and internal ignition device.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the cutting torch with connection to the pilot gas quantity control device and the supply sources.

In der Zeichnung ist im Teilschnitt ein Schneidbrenner 10, (Fig. 1 und Fig. 2) vorzugsweise ein Dreischlauch-Maschinenschneidbrenner, dargestellt, der im wesentlichen aus einem Ventilkörper 11, einem Brennerkopf 12 und einem den Brennerkopf 12 mit dem Ventilkörper 11 verbindenden Führungsrohr 13 besteht. An dem Brennerkopf 12 wird eine nicht dargestellte Düse befestigt. Die Düse ist vorzugsweise als zweiteilige Schlitzdüse ausgebildet. Die Heizdüse wird hierbei mittels einem an ihrem oberen Ende ausgebildeten Außengewinde in das Innengewinde 14 und die Schneiddüse in das Innengewinde 15 des Brennerkopfes 12 eingeschraubt.The drawing shows a partial section of a cutting torch 10, (FIGS. 1 and 2), preferably a three-hose machine cutting torch, which essentially consists of a valve body 11, a torch head 12 and a guide tube 13 connecting the torch head 12 to the valve body 11 consists. A nozzle, not shown, is attached to the burner head 12. The nozzle is preferably designed as a two-part slot nozzle. The heating nozzle is screwed into the internal thread 14 by means of an external thread formed at its upper end and the cutting nozzle is screwed into the internal thread 15 of the burner head 12.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Heizduse und die Schneiddüse einstückig auszubilden, oder mittels einer nicht näher dargestellten Druckschraube am Brennerkopf 12 zu befestigen.Of course, it is also possible to form the heating nozzle and the cutting nozzle in one piece, or to fasten it to the torch head 12 by means of a pressure screw (not shown).

Der in der Mitte der Schneiddüse angeordnete Schneidkanal steht mit dem Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 des Brennerkopfes 12 in Verbindung. An den Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 schlieB sich das Schneidsauerstoffrohr 17 an, das in den Ventilkörper vorzugsweise eingeschraubt ist. Über eine in dem Ventilkörper 11 angeordnete Verbindungsbohrung ist die Schneiddüse mittels Gewindestutzen 18 und Schneidsauerstoffleitung 20 an die Schneidsauerstoffversorgungsquelle 19 angeschlossen. In der Schneidsauerstoffleitung 20 ist eine Regel- und/oder Steuereinrichtung 21 angeordnet, mit der die Schneidsauerstoffmenge regelbar und/oder steuerbar ist.The cutting channel arranged in the middle of the cutting nozzle is connected to the cutting oxygen channel 16 of the torch head 12. The cutting oxygen tube 17, which is preferably screwed into the valve body, connects to the cutting oxygen channel 16. The cutting nozzle is connected to the cutting oxygen supply source 19 by means of a threaded connector 18 and cutting oxygen line 20 via a connecting bore arranged in the valve body 11. A regulating and / or control device 21 is arranged in the cutting oxygen line 20, with which the amount of cutting oxygen can be regulated and / or controlled.

Der nicht näher dargestellte Schneidkanal der Schneiddüse, der Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 und das Schneidsauerstoffrohr 17 sowie die nicht näher dargestellte Verbindungsbohrung zu dem Gewindestutzen 18 sind vorzugsweise innerhalb des Schneidbrenners 10 geradlinig ausgebildet und ermöglichen so vorteilhaft die Anordnung eines Sensors zur Flammenüberwachung im Schneidsauerstoffrohr/-kanal.The cutting channel of the cutting nozzle, not shown, the cutting oxygen channel 16 and the cutting oxygen tube 17 as well as the connecting bore, not shown, to the threaded connector 18 are preferably linear within the cutting torch 10 and thus advantageously enable the arrangement of a sensor for flame monitoring in the cutting oxygen tube / channel.

Die nicht dargestellte Heizdüse ist über Gewindestutzen 23 und Brenngasleitung 22 mit der Brenngasversorgungsquelle 24 und über Gewindestutzen 26 und Heizsauerstoffleitung 27 mit der Heizsauerstoffquelle 9 verbunden. Die innerhalb des Schneidbrenners 10 angeordneten und mit den Gewindestutzen 23, 26 verbundenen Brenngas- bzw. Heizsauerstofführungen sind aus Übersichtsgründen nicht dargestellt. In der Brenngasleitung 22 und der Heizsauerstoffleitung 27 sind Regel- und/oder Steuereinrichtungen 8, 25 zum Regeln und/oder Steuern des Brenngases und des Heizsauerstoffesangeordnet. Auf dem Gewindestutzen 23 ist vorzugsweise eine Rückströmsicherung mit Flammensperre und Gasrückströmventil angeordnet.The heating nozzle, not shown, is connected to the fuel gas supply source 24 via threaded connector 23 and fuel gas line 22 and to the heating oxygen source 9 via threaded connector 26 and heating oxygen line 27. The fuel gas or heating oxygen guides arranged within the cutting torch 10 and connected to the threaded connections 23, 26 are not shown for reasons of clarity. Regulation and / or control devices 8, 25 for regulating and / or controlling the fuel gas and the heating oxygen are arranged in the fuel gas line 22 and the heating oxygen line 27. A backflow preventer with flame arrester and gas backflow valve is preferably arranged on the threaded connector 23.

Die Heizdüse bzw. die Heizschlitze der nicht dargestellten Düse stehen über eine nicht näher dargestellte Brenngas-Heizsauerstoff-Gemischzuführung (Heizgas-Gemischzuführung) mit einem, vorzugsweise im Ventilkörper 11 angeordneten Injektor in Verbindung. Der Injektor ist über eine Brenngasführung und eine Heizsauerstofführung mit den Gewindestutzen 23, 26 verbunden.The heating nozzle or the heating slots of the nozzle, not shown, are connected via a fuel gas / heating oxygen mixture supply (heating gas mixture supply), not shown, to an injector, preferably arranged in the valve body 11. The injector is connected to the threaded connector 23, 26 via a fuel gas guide and a heating oxygen guide.

Innerhalb des Schneidbrenners 10 ist eine elektrische Zündeinrichtung angeordnet, die in ihrer Gesamtheit mit 28 bezeichnet ist. Die elektrische Zündeinrichtung 28 besteht aus einer separaten Brenngas-Sauerstoff-Gemischzuführung 29 (Zündgasleitung) und einer als Zünd-/Glühkerze ausgebildeten Zündvorrichtung 30, die über ein Zündkabel 31 mit einem nicht näher dargestellten Zündtrafo verbunden ist. Die Zünd-/Glühkerze weist eine in den Brennerkopf 12 einschraubbare Mittelelektrode 32 auf, die unter einem spitzen Winkel 35 von vorzugsweise 9° gasdicht in dem Brennerkopf eingeschraubt ist.An electrical ignition device, which is designated 28 in its entirety, is arranged within the cutting torch 10. The electrical ignition device 28 consists of a separate fuel gas-oxygen mixture feed 29 (ignition gas line) and an ignition device 30 designed as a spark / glow plug, which is connected via an ignition cable 31 to an ignition transformer (not shown in more detail). The spark / glow plug has a central electrode 32 which can be screwed into the burner head 12 and which is screwed into the burner head at an acute angle 35 of preferably 9 ° in a gas-tight manner.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausbildung wird die Mittelelektrode 32 mittels einer Stopfbuchse 33 und einer in den Brennkopf 12 einschraubbaren Druckschraube 34 gasdicht befestigt.According to a further preferred embodiment, the center electrode 32 is attached in a gas-tight manner by means of a stuffing box 33 and a pressure screw 34 which can be screwed into the combustion head 12.

Bei beiden Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Mittelelektrode in einer unter dem Winkel 35 zum geradlinigen Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 angeordneten Bohrung 36 geführt. Die Bohrung 36 steht dabei mit dem Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 in Verbindung und bildet an der Übergangsstelle einen Zündraum 37, in den eine stiftförmige Körperelektrode 38 ragt. Die Körperelektrode 38 weist einen Abstand von vorzugsweise 1,5 bis 2 mm zur Mittelelektrode 32 auf und ist vorzugsweise in dem Brennerkopf 12 befestigt.In both exemplary embodiments, the center electrode is guided in a bore 36 arranged at an angle 35 to the straight cutting oxygen channel 16. The bore 36 is connected to the cutting oxygen channel 16 and forms an ignition space 37 at the transition point, into which a pin-shaped body electrode 38 projects. The body electrode 38 is preferably 1.5 to 2 mm from the center electrode 32 and is preferably fastened in the burner head 12.

Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Schneidsauerstoffkanals 16 mündet die Zündgasleitung 29 einströmseitig vor dem Zündraum 37 unter einem spitzen Winkel 39 von vorzugsweise 21° in den Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16. Der Abstand zwischen Zündraum 37 und Zündgasleitung 29 ist so ausgelegt, daß das Brenngassauerstoffgemisch (Zündgemisch) direkt in den Funkenbereich zwischen Körperelektrode 38 und Mittelelektrode 32 gerichtet ist. Die Zündgasleitung 29 ist mit ihrem anderen Ende gasdicht mit dem Ventilkörper 11 verbunden. Über eine in dem Ventilkörper 11 angeordnete Verbindungsbohrung, den Gewindestutzen 40 und die Rückströmsicherung 41 mit Flammensperre und Gasrückströmventil sowie Leitung 42 ist die Zündgasleitung 29 mit der Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung 45 verbunden.On the opposite side of the cutting oxygen channel 16, the ignition gas line 29 opens out in front of the ignition chamber 37 an acute angle 39 of preferably 21 ° into the cutting oxygen channel 16. The distance between the ignition space 37 and the ignition gas line 29 is designed such that the fuel gas oxygen mixture (ignition mixture) is directed directly into the spark region between the body electrode 38 and the center electrode 32. The other end of the ignition gas line 29 is connected gas-tight to the valve body 11. The pilot gas line 29 is connected to the pilot gas quantity control device 45 via a connecting bore arranged in the valve body 11, the threaded connector 40 and the non-return valve 41 with flame arrester and gas backflow valve as well as line 42.

Die Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung besteht aus einer Mischstelle 46, vorzugsweise einem Injektor, der ausgangsseitig mit einem Zündgasverteilerrohr 43 verbunden ist an den mehrere Schneidbrenner 10 über Leitung 42 anschließbar sind. In der Leitung 42, vorzugsweise jedoch am Schneidbrenner 10, sind die Brennerabsperrventile 44 angeordnet. In der Zeichnung sind vier Anschlüsse 47, 48, 49, 50 für vier Schneidbrenner 10 dargestellt, wobei aus Übersichtsgründen nur ein Schneidbrenner 10 an das Zündgasverteilerrohr 43 angeschlossen ist. Selbstverständlich ist es auch moglich, zwei, drei oder vier Brenner bzw. mehr als vier Brenner an das Zündgasverteilerrohr 43 anzuschließen. In dem Injektor 46 werden Brenngas und Sauerstoff außerhalb des Schneidbrenners 10 vorgemischt und in das Verteilerrohr 43 eingespeist. Der Injektor 46 ist für alle zum Brennschneiden verwendbaren Gase, wie Acetylen, Propan, Methan (Erdgas) im Gemisch mit Sauerstoff einsetzbar und ermöglicht eine ausreichende Bandbreite der Druck-Mengen-Einstellung. Eingangsseitig ist der Injektor 46 über Abzweigleitungen 51, 52 und in der Heizsauerstöffleitung 27 und der Brenngasleitung 22 angeordnete Anschluß-T-Stücke 53, 54 an die Heizsauerstoffversorgungsquelle 9 und die Brenngasversorgungsquelle 24 angeschlossen. In den Abzweigleitungen 51,52 ist jeweils ein Druckregler 55,56 angeordnet, an denen die Drücke für Zündsauerstoff und Zündbrenngas nach Betriebstabellen eingestellt werden. Sauerstoff und Brenngas strömen getrennt durch die nachfolgend angeordneten Rückströmsicherungen 57, 58 mit thermischer Nachströmsperre zu den Magnetventilen 59, 60 und von dort über die Leitungen 51,52 zum Injektor. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Zündgasleitung 29 an separate Zündgasversorgungsquellen (Brenngas- und Sauerstoffversorgungsquelle) anzuschließen. Hierdurch ist möglich, die Zündgasmengenregelvorrichtung 45 besonders einfach, z.B. als Bypass auszubilden.The pilot gas quantity control device consists of a mixing point 46, preferably an injector, which is connected on the output side to a pilot gas distributor pipe 43 to which a plurality of cutting torches 10 can be connected via line 42. The burner shut-off valves 44 are arranged in the line 42, but preferably on the cutting torch 10. In the drawing, four connections 47, 48, 49, 50 for four cutting torches 10 are shown, only one cutting torch 10 being connected to the pilot gas distributor pipe 43 for reasons of clarity. Of course, it is also possible to connect two, three or four burners or more than four burners to the pilot gas distributor pipe 43. In the injector 46, fuel gas and oxygen are premixed outside the cutting torch 10 and fed into the distributor pipe 43. The injector 46 can be used for all gases that can be used for flame cutting, such as acetylene, propane, methane (natural gas) in a mixture with oxygen, and enables a sufficient range of pressure-quantity settings. On the input side, the injector 46 is connected to the heating oxygen supply source 9 and the fuel gas supply source 24 via branch lines 51, 52 and connecting T-pieces 53, 54 arranged in the heating oxygen line 27 and the fuel gas line 22. A pressure regulator 55, 56 is arranged in each of the branch lines 51, 52, at which the pressures for pilot oxygen and pilot gas are set according to operating tables. Oxygen and fuel gas flow separately through the subsequently arranged backflow protection devices 57, 58 with a thermal afterflow cutoff to the solenoid valves 59, 60 and from there via lines 51, 52 to the injector. Of course, it is also possible to connect the ignition gas line 29 to separate ignition gas supply sources (fuel gas and oxygen supply source). This makes it possible to make the ignition gas quantity control device 45 particularly simple, e.g. to be trained as a bypass.

Die anhand der Zeichnung vorstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Innenzündvorrichtung zum Zünden eines aus einer Düse eines Schneidbrenners 10 austretenden Brenngas-Heizsauerstoffgemisches arbeitet wie folgt:The internal ignition device according to the invention described above with reference to the drawing for igniting a fuel gas / heating oxygen mixture emerging from a nozzle of a cutting torch 10 operates as follows:

Zunächst wird an dem Brenngasdruckregler 56 ein Brenngasdruck nach Betriebstabelle, beispielsweises 0,3 bar (bei der Verwendung von Acetylen als Brenngas) und am Sauerstoffdruckregler 55 ein dazu gehöriger Sauerstoffdruck von beispielsweise 1 bar bei strömender Gasmenge, d.h. bei eingeschalteten Magnetventilen 59, 60 sowie geöffneten Brennerabsperrventilen 44 eingestellt. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Druckeinstellung mit nur einem Schneidbrenner 10 und eingeschraubter Düse der Größe 3 bis 10 mm oder größer. Nach der Druckeinstellung wird-bei manueller Bedienung-durch Betätigen eines Druckschalters der Zündvorgang eingeleitet. Im Zeitpunkt 0 wird ein erstes Zeitrelais eingeschaltet, das den Schneidsauerstoff verriegelt und den Zündsauerstoff über Magnetventil 59 freigibt. Ein zweites im Zeitpunkt 0 eingeschaltetes Zeitrelais verzögert die Brenngaszuführung und Zündung beispielsweise um 2 Sekunden. Dabei erfolgt die Zuschaltung des Zündsauerstoffs über das erste Zeitrelais durch Ansteuerung des Magnetventils 59 und die Zuschaltung des Brenngases über das zweite Zeitrelais durch Ansteuerung des Magnetventils 60. Mit der Zuschaltung des Brenngases wird der Zündtrafo zugeschaltet, so daß Zündfunken zwischen der Mittelelektrode 32 und der Körperelektrode 38 entstehen. Das Brenngas-Sauerstoffgemisch strömt über Leitung 42, Rückströmsicherung 41, Gewindestutzen 40 und Zündgasleitung 29 direckt in den Zündbereich der Zündvorrichtung 30. Die Zündung erfolgt im Schneidsauerstoffkanal 16 des Brennerkopfes 12 kurz vor der Brennschneiddüse. Für einen Zündvorgang wird hierbei pro Schneidbrenner etwa 0,094 Liter Sauerstoff und 0,045 Liter Brenngas benötigt. Die bei dem Zündvorgang entstehende Zündflamme schlägt aus dem zentralen Schneidkanal der Düse hinaus und entzündet dabei das aus dem nicht dargestellten Heizgasgemischkanal ausströmende Heizgas, so daß auf diese Weise die Heizflamme gebildet wird.First of all, a fuel gas pressure according to the operating table, for example 0.3 bar (when using acetylene as fuel gas), and an associated oxygen pressure of, for example, 1 bar with a flowing gas quantity at the oxygen pressure controller 55, with the solenoid valves 59, 60 switched on and the burner shut-off valves 44 open. The pressure is preferably set with only one cutting torch 10 and a screwed-in nozzle of size 3 to 10 mm or larger. After the pressure has been set, the ignition process is initiated by operating a pressure switch. At time 0, a first time relay is switched on, which locks the cutting oxygen and releases the ignition oxygen via solenoid valve 59. A second time relay switched on at time 0 delays the fuel gas supply and ignition, for example by 2 seconds. The ignition oxygen is switched on via the first time relay by actuating the solenoid valve 59 and the fuel gas is connected via the second time relay by actuating the solenoid valve 60. With the activation of the fuel gas, the ignition transformer is switched on, so that ignition sparks between the center electrode 32 and the body electrode 38 arise. The fuel gas-oxygen mixture flows directly via line 42, backflow preventer 41, threaded connector 40 and pilot gas line 29 into the ignition area of the ignition device 30. The ignition takes place in the cutting oxygen channel 16 of the burner head 12 shortly before the cutting nozzle. For an ignition process, approximately 0.094 liters of oxygen and 0.045 liters of fuel gas are required per cutting torch. The ignition flame that arises during the ignition process strikes out of the central cutting channel of the nozzle and ignites the heating gas flowing out of the heating gas mixture channel, not shown, so that the heating flame is formed in this way.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for cutting workpieces, comprising a cutting torch (10) which has a channel for feeding cutting-oyxgen (16,17), feeds for fuel gas and heating oxygen, a feed (29) for a fuel-gas/ oxygen mixture, which feed (29) leads into the cutting-oxygen channel (16), and also an electrical ignition means inside the cutting torch (10), characterized in that the fuel-gas/oxygen mixture is fed via a separate line (29) which, with an ignition-gas-quantity regulating device (45) inbet- ween, is connected to supply sources (9, 24).
2. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mixture feed (29) leads into the cutting-oxygen channel (16) and at an acute angle (35).
3. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical ignition means (30) is designed as an ignition/ glow plug (32, 38) and the mixture feed (29) is directed into the spark area of the plug.
4. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 3, characterized in that the ignition/glow plug has a screw-in centre electrode (32) which is arranged at an acute angle (39) to the cutting-oxygen channel (16) and projects into an ignition space (37) which is connected to the cutting-oxygen channel (16) and in which a body electrode (38) is arranged at a distance from the centre electrode (32).
5. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the body electrode (38) is fixed in the torch head (12) of the cutting torch (10).
6. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ignition-gas-quantity regulating device (45) has a mixing location (46) having solenoid valves (59, 60), backflow safety devices with flame trap and afterflow trap (57, 58), and pressure regulators (55, 56) allocated on the inlet side.
7. Apparatus for cutting workpieces according to Claim 6, characterized in that the mixing location (46) is connected on the outlet side to an ignition/gas distributor (43) to which a plurality of torches (10) can be attached.
EP86109217A 1985-08-03 1986-07-05 Device for cutting work pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0212190B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86109217T ATE60831T1 (en) 1985-08-03 1986-07-05 DEVICE FOR CUTTING WORKPIECES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853527955 DE3527955A1 (en) 1985-08-03 1985-08-03 CUTTING TORCH
DE3527955 1985-08-03

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EP0212190A2 EP0212190A2 (en) 1987-03-04
EP0212190A3 EP0212190A3 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0212190B1 true EP0212190B1 (en) 1991-02-06

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ID=6277659

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86109217A Expired - Lifetime EP0212190B1 (en) 1985-08-03 1986-07-05 Device for cutting work pieces

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EP (1) EP0212190B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE60831T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3527955A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103553008A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-05 欧萨斯能源环境设备(南京)有限公司 Ignition device for ammoxidation furnace

Families Citing this family (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3803444C1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-04-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De Gas-cutting or heating torch
DE3827750A1 (en) * 1988-08-16 1990-04-19 Messer Griesheim Gmbh CONTROL OR CONTROL DEVICE FOR IGNITION GAS
DE3941370A1 (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-06-20 Messer Griesheim Gmbh METHOD FOR ENDING MAIN FLAME GASES FROM INDIVIDUAL CUTTING TORCHES
DE4143144C2 (en) * 1991-12-28 1996-06-13 Gce Rhoena Autogengeraete Gmbh Machine cutting torch with internal ignition device
DE4420935C1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-07-20 Messer Griesheim Schweistechni Cutting burner esp. for Oxyacetylene torch
WO2009126631A2 (en) 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Victor Equipment Company Advanced gas torch

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3255803A (en) * 1962-08-23 1966-06-14 Harris Calorific Co Torch with igniter
DD95736A1 (en) * 1972-03-10 1973-02-12
DE2927695A1 (en) * 1979-07-09 1981-02-05 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Burner with oxygen-enriched flame - for thermochemical surface processing, has built-in electric ignition for preheating-block heating flames
GB2072317B (en) * 1980-03-11 1983-10-12 Hamworthy Engineering Burner

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103553008A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-05 欧萨斯能源环境设备(南京)有限公司 Ignition device for ammoxidation furnace
CN103553008B (en) * 2013-10-30 2016-01-20 欧萨斯能源环境设备(南京)有限公司 A kind of Ignition device for ammoxidation furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0212190A3 (en) 1988-01-13
ATE60831T1 (en) 1991-02-15
EP0212190A2 (en) 1987-03-04
DE3527955A1 (en) 1987-02-12
DE3527955C2 (en) 1989-03-30

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