EP0201967A1 - Heating device - Google Patents

Heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0201967A1
EP0201967A1 EP86200773A EP86200773A EP0201967A1 EP 0201967 A1 EP0201967 A1 EP 0201967A1 EP 86200773 A EP86200773 A EP 86200773A EP 86200773 A EP86200773 A EP 86200773A EP 0201967 A1 EP0201967 A1 EP 0201967A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sole
heating device
plate
heating
thermistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86200773A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0201967B1 (en
Inventor
Louis Aalders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferro Techniek BV
Ferro Holland BV
Original Assignee
Ferro Techniek BV
Ferro Electronic BV
Ferro Holland BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferro Techniek BV, Ferro Electronic BV, Ferro Holland BV filed Critical Ferro Techniek BV
Priority to AT86200773T priority Critical patent/ATE61190T1/en
Publication of EP0201967A1 publication Critical patent/EP0201967A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0201967B1 publication Critical patent/EP0201967B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0258—For cooking
    • H05B1/0261—For cooking of food
    • H05B1/0266—Cooktops
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F75/00—Hand irons
    • D06F75/08—Hand irons internally heated by electricity
    • D06F75/26—Temperature control or indicating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heating device for heating a body, for example the sole of an electric iron, comprising electrical heating means for said sole, a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of said sole and a regulating circuit for keeping said sole at a required bias temperature.
  • thermosensor is a bimetallic strip or the thermosensor is received therein as well.
  • the drawback of this known heating device is that the heating means and the thermosensor are spaced from the sole and that therefor the regulating of the heat supply to the sole is relatively slow.
  • the invention has for its purpose to provide a heating device which includes a temperature sensor displaying a highly reduced delay and which enables a continuous regulation of the heat supply to the body without causing delay therein, which makes it possible to operate the electrical heating means with a greater power, for example 3,000 instead of 1,000 watts, without overheating of the body being able to occur as a result of too slow a regulation.
  • a heating device which includes a temperature sensor displaying a highly reduced delay and which enables a continuous regulation of the heat supply to the body without causing delay therein, which makes it possible to operate the electrical heating means with a greater power, for example 3,000 instead of 1,000 watts, without overheating of the body being able to occur as a result of too slow a regulation.
  • the heating device is characterized in that at least partly ceramic material is chosen as material for said sole, the temperature sensor is a thermistor and said thermistor and said heating means are embedded in said ceramic sole.
  • the thermistor can only be applied on a non-conductive surface and this is achieved by the sole partly being of ceramic material.
  • a heating device 1 comprising electrical heating means 3 in the form of resistance paths 7 connected between two conducting strips 17 and a thermistor 6 in the form of a thermo path 32 (figure 1).
  • Both the resistance paths 7 and one or more thermo paths 32 are preferably crenellated or meander shaped to increase their length.
  • a resistance path can however also take a rectangular form in order to obtain the greatest possible power transfer to the plate 2; the power transfer per surface is in any case bound to a maximum because of the properties of the enamel layer.
  • thermo path 7 consists for example of screen-printed resistance paste having a low coefficient of resistance
  • thermo path 32 consists for example of NTC or PTC paste having a high temperature coefficient.
  • the pastes from the 7600/7700 Du Pont range are suitable for this purpose.
  • the regulating member 20 is activated by an electrical signal originating from an operational amplifier 10, this electrical signal being a measure for the value of the temperature dependent resistance of thermo path 32 relative to the adjustable resistor 21 which is coupled to a thermostat knob (not shown).
  • the operational amplifier 10 is biased by the bias resistors 22 and 23.
  • thermo path 32 as well as resistance path 7 are crenellated in form, and in a way such that thermo path 32 is located in the vicinity of resistance path 7 so that regulation of the temperature takes place quickly.
  • plate 2 is formed by a metal sole 12 of an unshown iron provided with an enamel layer 15.
  • sole 12 is provided on both sides with NTC or PTC thermo paths, whereby the non- visible lower thermo paths 6' can be connected via holes filled with conducting paste 8 and provided with an enamel layer 24 onto regulating circuit 5.
  • thermo paths 6' are located on the ironing surface of the metal plate 25 having a large heat capacity, so that the supply of heat to metal plate 25 has already got under way before a considerable discharge of heat through the insulating enamel layer to the object to be ironed from the metal plate takes place.
  • the supply of current to electrical heating means 3 is regulated by a regulating member 11 which is controlled by electrical signals originating from two operational amplifiers 26, 27 (figure 4).
  • Amplifiers 26, 27 are biased using resistors 28, 29 and 30 and using an adjustable resistor 31 connected onto an unshown thermostat knob, and amplify the temperature dependent resistance changes of respectively the lower thermo paths 6' and the resistors 6.
  • the regulating members 10 and 11 can for example be standard PID regulators suitable for one or two inputs.
  • thermo paths 7 in the form of resistance paths 7 arranged between conducting strips 17 as well as a thermistor 6 in the form of thermo paths 32 arranged between conducting strips 33 can be applied onto a metal plate 16 provided with an enamel layer 15, with an intermediate insulating layer 13.
  • Either the heating means 3 or thermistor 6 can hereby be embedded in the enamel layer, on the upper as well as on the lower part of for example a sole of an iron.
  • heating device 1 is applied in so-called spot heating for manufacturing semi-conductor elements, whereby, by regulating the temperature of a plate 34 accurately from point to point, the viscosity and thereby the thickness of semi-conductor material (not shown) to be applied to plate 34 can be regulated.
  • a plate 34 At each surface 35 are arranged an embedded resistance path 7 and a thermo path 32 using which the temperature of such a small surface can be accurately controlled with the aid of a control member 14 arranged at each surface.
  • a central key board connected with control members 14 and secured on a frame 37, and associated electronics (not shown), the temperature of the surfaces 35 can be adjusted and measured, and these temperature values can be read on a display panel 38.

Abstract

Heating device for heating a body, comprising electrical heating means (7) for heating a sole, a temperature sensor (4) for sensing the temperature of said sole and a regulating circuit (5) for keeping said sole at a required bias temperature. The heating device has a highly reduced delay in regulating the power supply because of the thermistor being embedded in the sole and this being possible because the sole is partly of ceramic material.

Description

  • This invention relates to a heating device for heating a body, for example the sole of an electric iron, comprising electrical heating means for said sole, a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of said sole and a regulating circuit for keeping said sole at a required bias temperature.
  • Such a device is known from DE- 1 299 089, wherein the heating means are received between the sole and a cover and either the thermosensor is a bimetallic strip or the thermosensor is received therein as well.
  • The drawback of this known heating device is that the heating means and the thermosensor are spaced from the sole and that therefor the regulating of the heat supply to the sole is relatively slow.
  • The invention has for its purpose to provide a heating device which includes a temperature sensor displaying a highly reduced delay and which enables a continuous regulation of the heat supply to the body without causing delay therein, which makes it possible to operate the electrical heating means with a greater power, for example 3,000 instead of 1,000 watts, without overheating of the body being able to occur as a result of too slow a regulation. With the heating device according to the invention it is in addition possible when the body cools to immediataly regulate the supply of heat to it.
  • To this end the heating device according to the invention is characterized in that at least partly ceramic material is chosen as material for said sole, the temperature sensor is a thermistor and said thermistor and said heating means are embedded in said ceramic sole.
  • The thermistor can only be applied on a non-conductive surface and this is achieved by the sole partly being of ceramic material.
  • Further characteristics and details of the heating device according to the invention will become apparent with reference to a drawing, in which:
    • figure 1 shows a perspective, partly broken away top view of a heating device according to the invention arranged on a ceramic part of a body,
    • figure 2 shows a diagram of the heating device in figure 1,
    • figure 3 shows a perspective, partly broken away top view of another embodiment of a heating device according to the invention, in which the body is a sole of an iron,
    • figure 4 is a diagram of the heating device as according to figure 3,
    • figure 5 shows an exploded perspective top view of another embodiment of a heating device according to the invention, and
    • figure 6 shows an exploded, perspective top view of yet another embodiment of the heating device according to the invention, in which a plurality of independently controllable heating means is embedded in a body.
  • In a ceramic. layer 15 of a body, in the form of a plate 2 provided with a temperature sensor 4, which layer 15 is formed for example by an enamelled metal plate 16, there is embedded a heating device 1 according to the invention, for example using thick film technique, this heating device 1 comprising electrical heating means 3 in the form of resistance paths 7 connected between two conducting strips 17 and a thermistor 6 in the form of a thermo path 32 (figure 1). Both the resistance paths 7 and one or more thermo paths 32 are preferably crenellated or meander shaped to increase their length. A resistance path can however also take a rectangular form in order to obtain the greatest possible power transfer to the plate 2; the power transfer per surface is in any case bound to a maximum because of the properties of the enamel layer.
  • In figure 2 can be seen schematically a regulating circuit 5 in which a resistance path 7, using a power supply source connected between terminals 18 and 19, is provided with an electrical current generating heat by means of a regulating member 20. The resistance path 7 consists for example of screen-printed resistance paste having a low coefficient of resistance; the thermo path 32 consists for example of NTC or PTC paste having a high temperature coefficient. The pastes from the 7600/7700 Du Pont range are suitable for this purpose. The regulating member 20 is activated by an electrical signal originating from an operational amplifier 10, this electrical signal being a measure for the value of the temperature dependent resistance of thermo path 32 relative to the adjustable resistor 21 which is coupled to a thermostat knob (not shown). The operational amplifier 10 is biased by the bias resistors 22 and 23. Schematically is indicated that thermo path 32 as well as resistance path 7 are crenellated in form, and in a way such that thermo path 32 is located in the vicinity of resistance path 7 so that regulation of the temperature takes place quickly.
  • In another embodiment of the heating device according to the invention (figure 3) plate 2 is formed by a metal sole 12 of an unshown iron provided with an enamel layer 15. For a still quicker reaction to temperature changes of the underside of the sole 12, which can cool off rapidly during the ironing of for example a wet sheet, sole 12 is provided on both sides with NTC or PTC thermo paths, whereby the non- visible lower thermo paths 6' can be connected via holes filled with conducting paste 8 and provided with an enamel layer 24 onto regulating circuit 5.
  • The advantage of these lower thermo paths 6' is that they are located on the ironing surface of the metal plate 25 having a large heat capacity, so that the supply of heat to metal plate 25 has already got under way before a considerable discharge of heat through the insulating enamel layer to the object to be ironed from the metal plate takes place.
  • The supply of current to electrical heating means 3 is regulated by a regulating member 11 which is controlled by electrical signals originating from two operational amplifiers 26, 27 (figure 4). Amplifiers 26, 27 are biased using resistors 28, 29 and 30 and using an adjustable resistor 31 connected onto an unshown thermostat knob, and amplify the temperature dependent resistance changes of respectively the lower thermo paths 6' and the resistors 6.
  • The regulating members 10 and 11 can for example be standard PID regulators suitable for one or two inputs.
  • In another embodiment df the heating device according to the invention (figure 5), using the same screen-print pattern, electrical heating means 3 in the form of resistance paths 7 arranged between conducting strips 17 as well as a thermistor 6 in the form of thermo paths 32 arranged between conducting strips 33 can be applied onto a metal plate 16 provided with an enamel layer 15, with an intermediate insulating layer 13. Either the heating means 3 or thermistor 6 can hereby be embedded in the enamel layer, on the upper as well as on the lower part of for example a sole of an iron.
  • Another embodiment of heating device 1 according to the invention (figure 6) is applied in so-called spot heating for manufacturing semi-conductor elements, whereby, by regulating the temperature of a plate 34 accurately from point to point, the viscosity and thereby the thickness of semi-conductor material (not shown) to be applied to plate 34 can be regulated. At each surface 35 are arranged an embedded resistance path 7 and a thermo path 32 using which the temperature of such a small surface can be accurately controlled with the aid of a control member 14 arranged at each surface. By means of a central key board, connected with control members 14 and secured on a frame 37, and associated electronics (not shown), the temperature of the surfaces 35 can be adjusted and measured, and these temperature values can be read on a display panel 38.

Claims (8)

1. Heating device for heating a body (2), for example the sole of an electric iron, comprising electrical heating means (3) for heating said sole (2), a temperature sensor (4) for sensing the temperature of said sole (2) and a regulating circuit (5) for keeping said sole (2) at a required bias temperature, characterized in that at least partly ceramic material is chosen as material for said sole (2), the temperature sensor (4) is a thermistor (6) and said thermistor (6) and said heating means (3) are embedded in said ceramic sole (2).
2. Heating device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thermistor (6) comprises at least one thermo path having a temperature coefficient.
3. Heating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body is an enamelled plate (2), that on both sides of said plate (2) printed thermistors are arranged in cera-mic walls and that the thermistor (6) can be connected to one side of said plate (2) via enamelled holes (9) in said plate (2).
4. Heating device a& claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the regulating circuit (5) comprises at least one amplifier (10) and at least one regulating member (11), if desired in integrated form.
5. Heating device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the plate (2) is a sole (12) of an iron.
6. Heating device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the electrical heating means (3) comprise resistance paths (7), these resistance paths (7) being embedded in the plate (2) and connected to the regulating circuit (5).
7. Heating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating means (3) and at least one thermo path (32) are arranged above each other and that an insulation layer (13) is arranged between both.
8. Heating device for heating a plate (34) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the plate (34) is provided with a plurality of electrical resistance paths (7) embedded in said plate (34), each being independently controllable using a control member (14), and that in the vicinity of said resistance paths (7) at least one thermo path (32) is embedded in said plate (34).
EP86200773A 1985-05-09 1986-05-02 Heating device Expired - Lifetime EP0201967B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86200773T ATE61190T1 (en) 1985-05-09 1986-05-02 HEATER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8501327 1985-05-09
NL8501327A NL8501327A (en) 1985-05-09 1985-05-09 HEATING DEVICE FOR HEATING A BODY.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0201967A1 true EP0201967A1 (en) 1986-11-20
EP0201967B1 EP0201967B1 (en) 1991-02-27

Family

ID=19845954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86200773A Expired - Lifetime EP0201967B1 (en) 1985-05-09 1986-05-02 Heating device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0201967B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE61190T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3677634D1 (en)
NL (1) NL8501327A (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0352499A2 (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-01-31 INDUSTRIE ZANUSSI S.p.A. A heating device for washing and/or drying machines for laundry
CH674657A5 (en) * 1988-02-04 1990-06-29 Jura Elektroapparate Fab Intrinsically safe electric iron - with centre of gravity turning heating plate away from horizontal position
EP0477394A1 (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric heating device with a predetermined temperature profile, especially for exhaust gas sensors
WO1993002533A1 (en) * 1991-07-23 1993-02-04 Global Domestic Products Limited Electrical heating elements
FR2680296A1 (en) * 1991-08-06 1993-02-12 Deleage Pierre System for thermal monitoring (thermostatting) at least one electrical heating element integrated in a wall
FR2686761A1 (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-30 Seb Sa SANDWICH - STRUCTURE HEATING ELEMENT AND STEAM - IRON IRON - TYPE HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE COMPRISING SUCH A.
EP0585015A1 (en) * 1992-08-13 1994-03-02 Pifco Limited Apparatus for heating liquid
WO1994017559A1 (en) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-04 Global Domestic Products Limited Peltier devices
US5444228A (en) * 1992-05-27 1995-08-22 Seb S.A. Flat, flexible heating element with integrated connector
US5475199A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-12-12 Buchanan; R. Craig Planar electric heater with enclosed U-shaped thick film heating element
US5557704A (en) * 1990-11-09 1996-09-17 Pifco Limited Heating vessel with chromium-enriched stainless steel substrate promoting adherence of thin film heater thereon
EP0853239A2 (en) * 1997-01-13 1998-07-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Gas sensor and heater unit
ES2129367A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-06-01 Duque David Sanchez Process for manufacturing heating panels, and panels obtained
NL1009931C2 (en) 1998-08-24 2000-02-25 Ferro Tech Bv Device for heating liquids, especially kettle, contains seal radially clamped between inner wall of liquid vessel and peripheral wall of base
ES2278539A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-01 Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos, Internacional, S.A. Iron sole and iron comprising the same
CN1853446B (en) * 2003-09-17 2012-10-03 朴财相 Heater and method for manufacture heater using PCB

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4109569A1 (en) * 1991-03-22 1992-09-24 Buchtal Gmbh Electric heating plate for cooking hob - has metal plate with printed conductor pattern beneath thermally conductive cover layer

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1299089B (en) * 1964-02-24 1969-07-10 Richards Morphy N I Ltd Heating unit for electric iron
US3694624A (en) * 1969-07-16 1972-09-26 Beckman Instruments Gmbh Infrared radiator arrangement
FR2189562A1 (en) * 1972-06-20 1974-01-25 Zarzecki Jean
DE2615064A1 (en) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-20 Husqvarna Ab COOKING PAN WITH ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE REGULATION AND A PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
DE3117205A1 (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-12-02 Ernst Dipl.-Kfm. Dr. 7100 Heilbronn Haag Optoelectronic cooking panel controller
FR2510803A1 (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-02-04 Licentia Gmbh RESISTANCE DEVICE COMPRISING A RESISTANCE WITH A VARIABLE OHMIC VALUE AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND A HEATING RESISTANCE
US4378489A (en) * 1981-05-18 1983-03-29 Honeywell Inc. Miniature thin film infrared calibration source

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1299089B (en) * 1964-02-24 1969-07-10 Richards Morphy N I Ltd Heating unit for electric iron
US3694624A (en) * 1969-07-16 1972-09-26 Beckman Instruments Gmbh Infrared radiator arrangement
FR2189562A1 (en) * 1972-06-20 1974-01-25 Zarzecki Jean
DE2615064A1 (en) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-20 Husqvarna Ab COOKING PAN WITH ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE REGULATION AND A PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
DE3117205A1 (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-12-02 Ernst Dipl.-Kfm. Dr. 7100 Heilbronn Haag Optoelectronic cooking panel controller
US4378489A (en) * 1981-05-18 1983-03-29 Honeywell Inc. Miniature thin film infrared calibration source
FR2510803A1 (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-02-04 Licentia Gmbh RESISTANCE DEVICE COMPRISING A RESISTANCE WITH A VARIABLE OHMIC VALUE AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND A HEATING RESISTANCE

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH674657A5 (en) * 1988-02-04 1990-06-29 Jura Elektroapparate Fab Intrinsically safe electric iron - with centre of gravity turning heating plate away from horizontal position
EP0352499A3 (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-07-18 INDUSTRIE ZANUSSI S.p.A. A heating device for washing and/or drying machines for laundry
EP0352499A2 (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-01-31 INDUSTRIE ZANUSSI S.p.A. A heating device for washing and/or drying machines for laundry
EP0477394A1 (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric heating device with a predetermined temperature profile, especially for exhaust gas sensors
US5557704A (en) * 1990-11-09 1996-09-17 Pifco Limited Heating vessel with chromium-enriched stainless steel substrate promoting adherence of thin film heater thereon
EP0485211B1 (en) * 1990-11-09 1997-06-18 Pifco Limited Heating apparatus
WO1993002533A1 (en) * 1991-07-23 1993-02-04 Global Domestic Products Limited Electrical heating elements
FR2680296A1 (en) * 1991-08-06 1993-02-12 Deleage Pierre System for thermal monitoring (thermostatting) at least one electrical heating element integrated in a wall
FR2686761A1 (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-30 Seb Sa SANDWICH - STRUCTURE HEATING ELEMENT AND STEAM - IRON IRON - TYPE HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE COMPRISING SUCH A.
EP0555159A1 (en) * 1992-01-24 1993-08-11 Seb S.A. Heating element having a sandwich structure and domestic appliance like a steam iron having such an element
US5804791A (en) * 1992-01-24 1998-09-08 Seb S.A. Heating element having a sandwich structure and electric home appliance of the type of steam pressing iron containing such an element
US5444228A (en) * 1992-05-27 1995-08-22 Seb S.A. Flat, flexible heating element with integrated connector
EP0585015A1 (en) * 1992-08-13 1994-03-02 Pifco Limited Apparatus for heating liquid
WO1994017559A1 (en) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-04 Global Domestic Products Limited Peltier devices
US5475199A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-12-12 Buchanan; R. Craig Planar electric heater with enclosed U-shaped thick film heating element
EP0853239A3 (en) * 1997-01-13 2001-01-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Gas sensor and heater unit
EP0853239A2 (en) * 1997-01-13 1998-07-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Gas sensor and heater unit
ES2129367A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-06-01 Duque David Sanchez Process for manufacturing heating panels, and panels obtained
NL1009931C2 (en) 1998-08-24 2000-02-25 Ferro Tech Bv Device for heating liquids, especially kettle, contains seal radially clamped between inner wall of liquid vessel and peripheral wall of base
CN1853446B (en) * 2003-09-17 2012-10-03 朴财相 Heater and method for manufacture heater using PCB
CN102665306B (en) * 2003-09-17 2015-01-07 又荣医疗科技有限公司 Heater and method for producing the same using PCB process
ES2278539A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-01 Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos, Internacional, S.A. Iron sole and iron comprising the same
WO2007088233A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos, Internacional, S. A. Iron sole and iron containing same
EP1983097A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2008-10-22 Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos Internacional, S.A. Iron sole and iron containing same
US7797863B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2010-09-21 Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos, Internacional, S.A. Iron sole and iron containing same
CN101374990B (en) * 2006-01-31 2011-09-14 塞拉亚,恩帕兰萨及加尔多斯国际私人控股公司 Iron sole and iron containing same
EP1983097A4 (en) * 2006-01-31 2013-04-17 Celaya Emparanza Galdos Int Sa Iron sole and iron containing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE61190T1 (en) 1991-03-15
DE3677634D1 (en) 1991-04-04
NL8501327A (en) 1986-12-01
EP0201967B1 (en) 1991-02-27

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