EP0194018A1 - Forming components made of hard metal - Google Patents
Forming components made of hard metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0194018A1 EP0194018A1 EP86300605A EP86300605A EP0194018A1 EP 0194018 A1 EP0194018 A1 EP 0194018A1 EP 86300605 A EP86300605 A EP 86300605A EP 86300605 A EP86300605 A EP 86300605A EP 0194018 A1 EP0194018 A1 EP 0194018A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- grains
- layers
- component
- hard metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- a hardmetal is usually composed of grains of a hard abrasion resistant material such as a metal carbide, nitride or the like and a binder metal.
- a hard abrasion resistant material such as a metal carbide, nitride or the like
- a binder metal The most common form of hardmetal is tungsten carbide with cobalt as the binder, but frequently tungsten carbide is mixed with other metal carbides such as titanium carbide and vanadium carbide.
- the component in question could be a hard wearing surface such as the surface of a metal rolling roll or it could be used in a tool for cutting or eroding other material such as an insert or button for a rock drill, or the component could provide surface fracture resistance.
- a method of forming a hard metal component comprises forming two layers of abrasion resistant grains each mixed with a metal binder in substantially the same volumetric proportions, the grains in the first layer being substantially coarser than the grains in the second layer, pressing the layers together and sintering the thus pressed layers to produce the component, whereby the first layer after sintering has a lesser metal binder content than the second layer.
- the one layer is preferably substantially thinner than the other layer, and the grains in the first layer are about twice the size of the grains in the second layer.
- a wire drawing die was made using a two stage pressing operation. Two centre mandrels of different diameters were used. The diameters are calculated to give the required layer thicknesses in the sintered product taking into account shrinkage during sintering.
- Tungsten carbide mixed with cobalt to an amount of 6% by mass was used.
- the nominal grain size for the inner layer was 3 to 5 micrometres while that of the outerlayer was 1 to 2 micrometres.
- Powder of the finer grain size was first poured into the pressing die with a large diameter mandrel at the centre. After pre-pressing at 50% of the final pressing pressure, the first mandrel was removed and replaced with the smaller diameter mandrel. Powder of the coarser grain size was poured into the annular cavity around the mandrel. The mandrel was removed after final pressing at 150 MPa and the pressing was sintered in a vaccuum at 1400°C for 30 min.
- anvil of ultra high pressure apparatus could have its tip formed with a layer having a higher binder metal concentration than the body of the anvil.
- the layer will provide thoughness and protection against surface fracture or cracks.
- the essence of the invention is that layered hardmetal products, with differing binder metal contents in the layers, can be made without spalling and cracking by having differential grain sizes but substantially the same initial binder metal content.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to components made of hard metal. A hardmetal is usually composed of grains of a hard abrasion resistant material such as a metal carbide, nitride or the like and a binder metal. The most common form of hardmetal is tungsten carbide with cobalt as the binder, but frequently tungsten carbide is mixed with other metal carbides such as titanium carbide and vanadium carbide.
- The component in question could be a hard wearing surface such as the surface of a metal rolling roll or it could be used in a tool for cutting or eroding other material such as an insert or button for a rock drill, or the component could provide surface fracture resistance.
- According to the invention a method of forming a hard metal component comprises forming two layers of abrasion resistant grains each mixed with a metal binder in substantially the same volumetric proportions, the grains in the first layer being substantially coarser than the grains in the second layer, pressing the layers together and sintering the thus pressed layers to produce the component, whereby the first layer after sintering has a lesser metal binder content than the second layer.
- The one layer is preferably substantially thinner than the other layer, and the grains in the first layer are about twice the size of the grains in the second layer.
- A wire drawing die was made using a two stage pressing operation. Two centre mandrels of different diameters were used. The diameters are calculated to give the required layer thicknesses in the sintered product taking into account shrinkage during sintering.
- Tungsten carbide mixed with cobalt to an amount of 6% by mass was used. The nominal grain size for the inner layer was 3 to 5 micrometres while that of the outerlayer was 1 to 2 micrometres.
- Powder of the finer grain size was first poured into the pressing die with a large diameter mandrel at the centre. After pre-pressing at 50% of the final pressing pressure, the first mandrel was removed and replaced with the smaller diameter mandrel. Powder of the coarser grain size was poured into the annular cavity around the mandrel. The mandrel was removed after final pressing at 150 MPa and the pressing was sintered in a vaccuum at 1400°C for 30 min.
- Tests showed that the binder content in the inner, thin layer of the sintered component was reduced by about 50%. The component was ground and polished and then used for wire drawing. The normal production dies at the wire drawing operation in question normally draw between 5 to 5,5 tons of wire before the dies have to be replaced. With the die made as described above 6,5 tons of wire was drawn before the wire no longer fell within the diameter specification.
- In a converse situation the layer with the finer grain size could be the thinner one. Thus an anvil of ultra high pressure apparatus could have its tip formed with a layer having a higher binder metal concentration than the body of the anvil. The layer will provide thoughness and protection against surface fracture or cracks.
- The essence of the invention is that layered hardmetal products, with differing binder metal contents in the layers, can be made without spalling and cracking by having differential grain sizes but substantially the same initial binder metal content.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA85761 | 1985-01-31 | ||
ZA850761 | 1985-01-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0194018A1 true EP0194018A1 (en) | 1986-09-10 |
Family
ID=25577738
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86300605A Withdrawn EP0194018A1 (en) | 1985-01-31 | 1986-01-29 | Forming components made of hard metal |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0194018A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS61231104A (en) |
IE (1) | IE860272L (en) |
NO (1) | NO860333L (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996020057A1 (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-07-04 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
WO1997007256A1 (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-27 | Kennametal Inc. | Hard composite and method of making the same |
US5623723A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-04-22 | Greenfield; Mark S. | Hard composite and method of making the same |
US6908688B1 (en) | 2000-08-04 | 2005-06-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Graded composite hardmetals |
WO2005056854A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-23 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Cemented carbide tools for mining and construction applications and method of making the same |
US7449043B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-11-11 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag | Cemented carbide tool and method of making the same |
WO2013082002A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Smith International Inc. | High pressure carbide component incorporating gradient structures |
US9463507B2 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2016-10-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Miyanaga | Method for producing hard tip |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0054846A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-06-30 | General Electric Company | Diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts using size selective abrasive particle layers and process for making same |
US4359335A (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1982-11-16 | Smith International, Inc. | Method of fabrication of rock bit inserts of tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) with cutting surface wear pad of relative hardness and body portion of relative toughness sintered as an integral composite |
-
1986
- 1986-01-29 EP EP86300605A patent/EP0194018A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-01-30 IE IE860272A patent/IE860272L/en unknown
- 1986-01-30 NO NO86860333A patent/NO860333L/en unknown
- 1986-01-31 JP JP61020021A patent/JPS61231104A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4359335A (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1982-11-16 | Smith International, Inc. | Method of fabrication of rock bit inserts of tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) with cutting surface wear pad of relative hardness and body portion of relative toughness sintered as an integral composite |
EP0054846A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-06-30 | General Electric Company | Diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts using size selective abrasive particle layers and process for making same |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5806934A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1998-09-15 | Kennametal Inc. | Method of using composite cermet articles |
CN1107565C (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 2003-05-07 | 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
WO1996020057A1 (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-07-04 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
US5677042A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1997-10-14 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
US5679445A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1997-10-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
US5697042A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1997-12-09 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
US5776593A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1998-07-07 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite cermet articles and method of making |
US6183687B1 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 2001-02-06 | Kennametal Inc. | Hard composite and method of making the same |
US5623723A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-04-22 | Greenfield; Mark S. | Hard composite and method of making the same |
WO1997007256A1 (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-27 | Kennametal Inc. | Hard composite and method of making the same |
US6908688B1 (en) | 2000-08-04 | 2005-06-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Graded composite hardmetals |
WO2005056854A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-23 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Cemented carbide tools for mining and construction applications and method of making the same |
US7427310B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-09-23 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Cemented carbide tools for mining and construction applications and method of making same |
US7449043B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-11-11 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag | Cemented carbide tool and method of making the same |
US7678327B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2010-03-16 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag | Cemented carbide tools for mining and construction applications and method of making same |
US7708936B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2010-05-04 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag | Cemented carbide tool and method of making the same |
US9463507B2 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2016-10-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Miyanaga | Method for producing hard tip |
WO2013082002A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Smith International Inc. | High pressure carbide component incorporating gradient structures |
US9764523B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2017-09-19 | Smith International, Inc. | High pressure carbide component with surfaces incorporating gradient structures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO860333L (en) | 1986-08-01 |
IE860272L (en) | 1986-07-31 |
JPS61231104A (en) | 1986-10-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870305 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880511 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19880922 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: PETERS, CHRISTOPHER THOMAS Inventor name: OWEN, TREVOR HUGH Inventor name: COOPER, ROY |