EP0193766B1 - Gun with small shot ammunition - Google Patents

Gun with small shot ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193766B1
EP0193766B1 EP86101927A EP86101927A EP0193766B1 EP 0193766 B1 EP0193766 B1 EP 0193766B1 EP 86101927 A EP86101927 A EP 86101927A EP 86101927 A EP86101927 A EP 86101927A EP 0193766 B1 EP0193766 B1 EP 0193766B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
igniter
charge
buckshot
handgun
explosive charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101927A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0193766A1 (en
Inventor
Trading And Consulting Sa Obisco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obisco Trading and Consulting SA
Original Assignee
Obisco Trading and Consulting SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obisco Trading and Consulting SA filed Critical Obisco Trading and Consulting SA
Priority to AT86101927T priority Critical patent/ATE36752T1/en
Priority to CN86102092A priority patent/CN86102092B/en
Priority to SU864027123A priority patent/SU1646491A3/en
Priority to IL78030A priority patent/IL78030A0/en
Priority to KR1019860001563A priority patent/KR920004613B1/en
Publication of EP0193766A1 publication Critical patent/EP0193766A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0193766B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193766B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C7/00—Shoulder-fired smallarms, e.g. rifles, carbines, shotguns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/10—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a handgun for firing a propellant charge and to a shot ammunition that can be ignited at intervals from this and has a targeted disassembly point, which has separate igniters for the propellant charge and the explosive charge, an ignition device coupled to a trigger unit for actuating the propellant charge lighter and the like Explosive charge lighter is provided with different time intervals and a shotgun ammunition for use with such a handgun, with a propellant charge equipped with a propellant charge lighter and an explosive charge that is spatially and effectively separated therefrom and provided with an explosive charge lighter.
  • Shotgun ammunition has a number of advantages over full ammunition, in particular the greater range of action compared to a full bullet.
  • a disadvantage of the use of shotgun ammunition, both for hunting and infantry use, is that it is only effective at a relatively short distance, due to the fact that the projectile is disassembled immediately after leaving the barrel of the handgun the individual shot balls or the like. Attempts have already been made to counter this problem by using a shotgun ammunition that only disassembles comparatively long after it has left the barrel of the handgun, but here, too, it is not possible to optimally adapt the disassembly point of the projectile to the targeted target.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known handgun and the known shotgun ammunition in such a way that even distant targets are to be combated with the advantageous effects of shotgun ammunition while maintaining the ballistic properties of full projectiles, with shotgun ammunition generally after leaving the barrel of Handgun under the action of a separate explosive charge is dismantled ammunition.
  • this object is achieved in a handgun of the generic type by the features listed in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments of the hand gun according to the invention are the subject of claims 2-16.
  • the shot ammunition according to the invention is the subject of claims 17-28.
  • the explosive charge in the invention is separated from the propellant charge and is only triggered near the target, distant targets can be optimally combatted by means of shot ammunition or the like with a large effective range while maintaining the ballistic properties of full projectiles. It is essential to the invention that as a result of the design of the ammunition with an explosive charge with a fixed ignition delay compared to the actuation of the explosive charge lighter in connection with the temporal variation, i.e. the time-variable delay in the actuation of the propellant lighter depending on the measured distance values, a complicated adjustment of the ammunition, e.g. described in DE-A-3 309 147, even at the distance to be fought is superfluous, rather all related adjustment work can be shifted into the electronic control unit of the weapon, so that the ammunition can be inexpensive to manufacture and simple in its construction.
  • the handgun shown there has, in the case of the showed embodiment is a rifle with a total length of 1120 mm, a weight of 5.8 kg and a caliber of 19.4 mm, a piston with an electrical supply unit accommodated therein in the form of a battery 10.
  • the battery 10 supplies the necessary electrical energy for a target optic 12 and a laser distance measuring device 14, the distance values of which are automatically determined in each case and which relate to the target aimed at by the target optic 12 can be reflected into the target optic 12.
  • the electrical or electronic components that are supplied by the battery 10 include an electronic control unit 16, which controls both the distance values determined by the laser distance measuring device 14 and the device (not shown) for automatically determining the elevation / depression Measured data, which are also applied to the target optics 12 and which operate with a minimal settling time, can be supplied.
  • the electronic control unit 16 acts on a two-stage trigger unit 18 for actuating the trigger mechanism for shot ammunition held in a magazine 20, which can be closed from a barrel 22.
  • the shot ammunition held in the magazine 20 is preferably encoded with code values that are characteristic of the ballistic properties, these code values being able to be automatically applied to the electronic control unit 16.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the shot ammunition provided in the magazine 20.
  • this has a propellant charge 24 and an explosive charge 26, spatially and effectively separated, the explosive charge 26 being combined with the shot pellets or the like.
  • the propellant charge 24 is assigned a propellant charge igniter 28 in the form of a ring igniter, while the explosive charge 26 can be ignited by means of an explosive charge igniter 30.
  • the explosive charge lighter 30 is designed such that the explosive charge 26 detonates after it has been actuated with a fixed time delay, which corresponds to a firing distance of 500 m in the exemplary embodiment shown, while the propellant charge lighter 28 detonates the charge 24 essentially without any time delay when it is actuated brings.
  • the laser distance measuring device 14 works with an increment of 20 cm.
  • the arrangement is such that in a first stage or in a first way of the extraction unit 18, the electrical or electronic components of the system are initially supplied with electrical energy from the battery 10.
  • the shooter aiming through the target optics 12 recognizes the firing distance in meters currently indicated by the laser distance measuring device 14, the sighting mark, which is a function of the code values
  • the shot ammunition held in the magazine 20 on the one hand and the measured elevation / depression on the other hand optically vary their position, as well as the remaining number of shots, the reflection being carried out with the exception of the sighting marking blinking / changing.
  • the firing distance now remains fixed, so that the firing values given to the electronic control unit 16 remain unchanged even when aiming at another target.
  • the electronic trigger mechanism acted upon by the electronic control unit 16 immediately actuates the explosive charge lighter 30 and, depending on the firing distance, ballistic ammunition values and elevation, the propellant charge lighter 28 becomes variable, depending on the firing distance 28 and the explosive charge lighter 30 are actuated simultaneously, the explosive charge consequently explodes at a distance of 500 m. If the firing distance is shorter, the propellant lighter 28 is ignited correspondingly long after the explosive charge lighter 30 is ignited.
  • the handgun according to the invention in conjunction with the ammunition used according to the invention, has the advantage that the explosive charge does not actually explode until the target point with great accuracy, with increments of 20 cm being achievable.
  • the projectile has a flawless ballistic trajectory, such as a full-jacket projectile or the like, to the target point, while the known advantages of shotgun ammunition are then available at the target point.
  • the shot ammunition used can be recognized via its coding in the manner already described.
  • arrow ammunition, explosive ammunition or the like can of course also be used.
  • normal shot ammunition can be used in a conventional manner.
  • the arrangement is otherwise such that each time the trigger is released from the second stage to the first stage, the trigger values already stored in the electronic control unit 16, which can, for example, apply a microprocessor or the like, are deleted, i.e. regardless of whether they actually exist the shot has been fired or the shooter is aiming for a new target without firing the shot, the distance values etc. of which should in turn be decisive for the intended shot.
  • the barrel 22 can also be designed in a conventional manner either with trains, as a smooth barrel or slotted.
  • the magazine 20 can be both a drum magazine and, if applicable, a rod magazine.
  • conventional mechanical, electrical and electronic components can be used for the handgun, which can of course not only be used for infantry purposes, but also for hunting purposes.
  • shot ammunition with an explosive charge may be used in an advantageous manner, which in the event of a failure of the propellant lighter and consequent detonation of the explosive charge within the barrel 22 of the weapon only, with simultaneous ignition of the explosive charge Propellant charge 24, acts as an additional propellant charge, without this causing any danger to the shooter
  • the embodiment of the ammunition, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 also enables the use of highly explosive explosive charges 26 or projectile heads, for example heavy metal bullets the like to combat hardened targets, for example.
  • the explosive charge lighter 30 in the ammunition which has a propellant charge cartridge 32 and a projectile head 34 releasably connected to it in a manner familiar to the person skilled in the art, has a central primer 36, which can be acted upon by a central firing pin 38, to which a fast-burning primer 40, within a Protective sleeve 42 arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the projectile within the propellant charge cartridge 32, a deceleration fuel set 44 and an explosive charge set 46 which is T-shaped in the embodiment of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.
  • the delayed fuel set 44 and the detonating charge 46 are located within an ignition tube 50 which, near its end facing the projectile head tip, has two opposing ignition bores 52 which, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, are T-shaped from the material of the detonating charge 46 are filled out, while the detonating charge in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 lies exclusively within the bore of the ignition tube 50, so that the ignition bores 52 remain free there.
  • the ignition tube 50 is longitudinally displaceable, concentric to the projectile axis, within an ignition sleeve 54, which likewise has two mutually opposite wall bores 56, which in the operating state of FIG.
  • the projectile head 34 is connected to the propellant charge cartridge 32, are offset with respect to the ignition bores 52 are arranged so that when the detonating charge 46 is detonated, the explosive charge 26 cannot be detonated.
  • a compression spring 58 arranged inside the ignition sleeve 54 presses the end of the ignition tube 50 facing away from the projectile tip into a position in which the ignition bores 52 and the wall bores 56 do not align with one another, the ignition tube 50 rests in this position on the protective sleeve 42 of the fast-burning primer 40.
  • the ignition sleeve 54 has an expansion 60 facing the propellant charge 24.
  • the explosive charge 26 is surrounded by a number of shot balls 62, possibly also in the form of heavy metal balls for combating hardened targets etc., as is known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the shot ammunition according to the invention works in the exemplary embodiment as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 as follows:
  • the central ignition pin 38 In normal operation, the central ignition pin 38 first strikes the primer 36 of the explosive charge lighter 30, whereupon the fast-burning primer 40 burns and sets fire to the delayed combustible 44 within the primer tube 50, which burns for a predetermined time. In the meantime, at a delay chosen according to the invention with respect to the central ignition pin 38, the ignition ring 36 actuated the ring igniter of the propellant charge lighter 28, which in turn causes the propellant charge 24 to burn off. As a result, the projectile head 34 detaches from the propellant charge cartridge 32 and leaves the barrel of the handgun.
  • the support of the ignition tube 50 on the propellant charge cartridge 32 or the end region of the protective sleeve 42 for the fast-burning primer 40 is released by releasing the projectile head 34 from the propellant charge cartridge 32, so that the compression spring 58 displaces the ignition tube 50 within the ignition sleeve 54 such that the ignition bores 52 of the ignition tube 50 are brought into alignment with the wall bores 56 of the ignition sleeve 54.
  • the burning delay fuel set 44 reaches the detonation charge set 46 and ignites it, whereupon this is indicated in the manner shown in FIG. 4 by corresponding lightning arrows - in FIG. 3, corresponding lightning arrows denote this Ignition of the propellant charge 24 by the propellant charge lighter 28 - detonates the explosive charge 26 at the specified time after leaving the barrel 22 of the handgun.
  • the operating state shown in FIG. 5 results, in which the projectile head 34, still connected to the propellant charge cartridge 32, is still in the barrel 22 of the handgun.
  • the detonating charge 46 burns unused since, because of the offset arrangement of the ignition bores 52 of the ignition tube 50 on the one hand and the wall bores 56 of the ignition sleeve 54 on the other hand, it cannot act on the explosive charge 26. If, on the other hand, the ignition process for the fast-burning primer 40 of the explosive charge lighter 30 fails for some reason, the decelerating charge 44 is ignited by the burning propellant charge 24 in the manner shown by lightning arrows in FIG.
  • the gas pressure generated by the combustion of the propellant charge 24 is in any case greater than the inertia of the ignition tube 50 during acceleration together with the restoring force of the spring 58.
  • the above-described embodiment of the shot ammunition which can be used according to the invention also ensures high explosive charges 26 or corresponding training of the Projectile head 34, such as in the case of combating hardened targets, maximum safety for handguns and shooters, since detonation of the explosive charge 26 is avoided in the barrel of the weapon or before reaching the desired detonation time under all circumstances.
  • the electrical supply unit in the invention can have a generator device for converting at least a portion of the mechanical energy applied when the trigger unit 18 is actuated into electrical energy, the electrical energy generated being at least sufficient to supply the unit the ignition device for propellant charge and explosive charge for each shot.
  • the entire electrical supply unit 10 is preferably designed or constructed such that by means of a corresponding, e.g. Inductive or piezoelectric generator devices by actuating the trigger unit 18 is so much electrical energy that it is sufficient for the entire electrical supply, but in any case to supplement the electrical energy consumed by the handgun.
  • the electrical supply unit can also contain a mechanical flywheel (gyro principle), for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Handfeuerwaffe zum Verschiessen von eine Treibladung und eine in zeitlichem Abstand von dieser anzündbare Sprengladung aufweisender Schrotmunition mit zielnahem Zerlegungspunkt, welche separate Anzünder für die Treib- und die Sprengladung aufweist, wobei eine mit einer Abzugeinheit gekoppelte Anzündeinrichtung zum Betätigen des Treibladungsanzünders und des Sprengladungsanzünders mit unterschiedlichen Zeitabständen vorgesehen ist sowie eine Schrotmunition zur Verwendung bei einer derartigen Handfeuerwaffe, mit einer mit einem Treibladungsanzünder ausgestatteten Treibladung und einer hiervon räumlich und wirkungsmässig getrennten, mit einem Sprengladungsanzünder versehenen Sprengladung.The invention relates to a handgun for firing a propellant charge and to a shot ammunition that can be ignited at intervals from this and has a targeted disassembly point, which has separate igniters for the propellant charge and the explosive charge, an ignition device coupled to a trigger unit for actuating the propellant charge lighter and the like Explosive charge lighter is provided with different time intervals and a shotgun ammunition for use with such a handgun, with a propellant charge equipped with a propellant charge lighter and an explosive charge that is spatially and effectively separated therefrom and provided with an explosive charge lighter.

Schrotmunition weist gegenüber Vollmunition eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf, so insbesondere den im Vergleich zu einem Vollgeschoss grösseren Wirkungsbereich. Ein Nachteil der Verwendung von Schrotmunition, und zwar sowohl bei jagdlicher als auch bei infanteristischer Verwendung, liegt jedoch darin, dass diese nur auf verhältnismässig kurze Distanz wirksam ist, bedingt durch die unmittelbar im Anschluss an das Verlassen des Laufes der Handfeuerwaffe beginnende Zerlegung des Geschosses in die einzelnen Schrotkugeln oder dergleichen. Es ist bereits versucht worden, diesem Übelstand dadurch zu begegnen, dass eine Schrotmunition verwendet wird, die sich erst verhältnismässig lange nach dem Verlassen des Laufes der Handfeuerwaffe vollständig zerlegt, jedoch ist auch hierbei keine optimale Anpassung der Zerlegungspunktes des Geschosses an das bekämpfte Ziel möglich.Shotgun ammunition has a number of advantages over full ammunition, in particular the greater range of action compared to a full bullet. A disadvantage of the use of shotgun ammunition, both for hunting and infantry use, is that it is only effective at a relatively short distance, due to the fact that the projectile is disassembled immediately after leaving the barrel of the handgun the individual shot balls or the like. Attempts have already been made to counter this problem by using a shotgun ammunition that only disassembles comparatively long after it has left the barrel of the handgun, but here, too, it is not possible to optimally adapt the disassembly point of the projectile to the targeted target.

Aus der DE-C-244 395 ist eine Handfeuerwaffe zur Verwendung von Schrotmunition der gattungsgemässen Art bekannt, bei der verschiedene Abzüge vorgesehen sind und es je nach betätigtem Abzug möglich ist, entweder Treib- und Sprengladung gleichzeitig oder aber nacheinander anzuzünden, nämlich in Form eines Nahstreuschusses bzw. eines Fernstreuschusses. Wird dabei ein «Fernstreuschuss» gewählt, so erfolgt auch in diesem Fall zunächst das Anzünden der Treibladung, die dann ihrerseits die Sprengladung über den entsprechenden Sprengladungsanzünder zur Detonation bringt, wobei es nicht möglich ist, die Zerlegung der Munition an einem zielnahen Punkt in Abhängigkeit von dem jeweils anvisierten Ziel zu bewirken. Auch bei der Wahlschusspatrone nach der DE-C-326 639 sind lediglich fest eingestellte Zündmöglichkeiten vorgesehen, wobei auch hier ein Zerlegen der Munition in einem zielnahen, wählbaren Bereich nicht möglich ist. Aus der DE-B-1 210 360 und der DE-B-1 258 766 sind Laser-Zieloptiken, dort für Panzerabwehrwaffen beschrieben, bekannt, die zwar eine exakte Zielerfassung gewährleisten, jedoch das Problem einer zielnahen Zerlegung von Handfeuerwaffenmunition nicht ansprechen.From DE-C-244 395 a handgun for the use of shot ammunition of the generic type is known, in which different deductions are provided and, depending on the trigger that is actuated, it is possible to ignite either propellant and explosive charge simultaneously or in succession, namely in the form of a Close-range shot or a distance shot. If a "long-range scatter shot" is selected, the propellant charge is also ignited in this case, which in turn detonates the explosive charge via the corresponding explosive charge lighter, whereby it is not possible to disassemble the ammunition at a point close to the target to achieve the intended target. Also in the election shot cartridge according to DE-C-326 639, only permanently set ignition options are provided, and here, too, it is not possible to disassemble the ammunition in a selectable area near the target. From DE-B-1 210 360 and DE-B-1 258 766 laser aiming optics, described there for anti-tank weapons, are known which ensure exact target detection, but do not address the problem of target-oriented disassembly of small arms ammunition.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannte Handfeuerwaffe und die bekannte Schrotmunition dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass auch entfernt liegende Ziele unter Beibehaltung der ballistischen Eigenschaften von Vollgeschossen mit den der Schrotmunition eigenen vorteilhaften Wirkungen zu bekämpfen sind, wobei unter Schrotmunition allgemein nach Verlassen des Laufes der Handfeuerwaffe unter Einwirkung einer separaten Sprengladung zerlegbare Munition verstanden wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known handgun and the known shotgun ammunition in such a way that even distant targets are to be combated with the advantageous effects of shotgun ammunition while maintaining the ballistic properties of full projectiles, with shotgun ammunition generally after leaving the barrel of Handgun under the action of a separate explosive charge is dismantled ammunition.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Handfeuerwaffe der gattungsgemässen Art durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemässen Handfeuerwaffe sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2-16. Die Schrotmunition nach der Erfindung ist Gegenstand der Ansprüche 17-28.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a handgun of the generic type by the features listed in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the hand gun according to the invention are the subject of claims 2-16. The shot ammunition according to the invention is the subject of claims 17-28.

Dadurch, dass bei der Erfindung die Sprengladung von der Treibladung getrennt ist und erst nahe dem Ziel ausgelöst wird, lassen sich unter Beibehaltung der ballistischen Eigenschaften von Vollgeschossen auch entfernt liegende Ziele optimal mittels Schrotmunition oder dergleichen mit grossem Wirkungsbereich bekämpfen. Erfindungswesentlich ist, dass infolge der Ausgestaltung der Munition mit Sprengladung mit fester zeitlicher Zündverzögerung gegenüber dem Betätigen des Sprengladungsanzünders in Verbindung mit der zeitlichen Variation, d.h. dem zeitlich variablen Verzögern der Betätigung des Treibladungsanzünders je nach den gemessenen Distanzwerten, eine komplizierte Anpassung der Munition, wie z.B. in der DE-A-3 309 147 beschrieben, selbst an die jeweils zu bekämpfende Distanz überflüssig wird, vielmehr alle diesbezüglichen Anpassungsarbeiten in die elektronische Steuereinheit der Waffe verlagerbar sind, so dass die Munition kostengünstig in der Herstellung und einfach in ihrem Aufbau sein kann.Because the explosive charge in the invention is separated from the propellant charge and is only triggered near the target, distant targets can be optimally combatted by means of shot ammunition or the like with a large effective range while maintaining the ballistic properties of full projectiles. It is essential to the invention that as a result of the design of the ammunition with an explosive charge with a fixed ignition delay compared to the actuation of the explosive charge lighter in connection with the temporal variation, i.e. the time-variable delay in the actuation of the propellant lighter depending on the measured distance values, a complicated adjustment of the ammunition, e.g. described in DE-A-3 309 147, even at the distance to be fought is superfluous, rather all related adjustment work can be shifted into the electronic control unit of the weapon, so that the ammunition can be inexpensive to manufacture and simple in its construction.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung , in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der schematischen Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert ist. Dabei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Handfeuerwaffe nach der Erfindung in der Seitenansicht, wobei im linken Bereich eine Vorderansicht, in Figur 1 von links gesehen, zusätzlich eingezeichnet ist;
  • Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel der bei derHandfeuerwaffe nach Figur 1 verwendbaren Schrotmunition im schematischen Schnitt durch die Längsachse;
  • Fig. 3 ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der bei der Handfeuerwaffe nach Figur 1 verwendbaren Schrotmunition nach der Erfindung im schematischen Schnitt durch die Längsachse;
  • Fig. 4 den Geschosskopf der Schrotmunition von Figur 3 nach Verlassen des Laufes beim Anzünden der Sprengladung;
  • Fig. 5 die Schrotmunition von Figur 3 und 4 in einem Betriebszustand, bei dem nach Versagen der Treibladung der Sprengladungsanzünder unwirksam bleibt; und
  • Fig. 6 den Geschosskopf der Schrotmunition von Figur 3 bis 5 in einem Betriebszustand, bei dem nach Versagen des Zündhütchens bzw. des schnellbrennenden Zündsatzes des Sprengladungsanzünders der Verzögerungsbrennsatz des Sprengladungsanzünders durch die Treibladung angezündet wird.
Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description, in which an exemplary embodiment is explained in detail with reference to the schematic drawing. It shows:
  • 1 shows an embodiment of a handgun according to the invention in a side view, a front view, seen from the left in FIG. 1, being additionally drawn in the left area;
  • 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the shot ammunition which can be used in the handgun according to FIG. 1 in a schematic section through the longitudinal axis;
  • 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of the shot ammunition according to the invention which can be used in the handgun according to FIG. 1 in a schematic section through the longitudinal axis;
  • 4 shows the projectile head of the shot ammunition from FIG. 3 after leaving the barrel when the explosive charge is ignited;
  • 5 shows the shot ammunition from FIGS. 3 and 4 in an operating state in which the explosive charge lighter remains inactive after the propellant charge has failed; and
  • 6 shows the projectile head of the shot ammunition from FIGS. 3 to 5 in an operating state in which, after failure of the primer or the fast-burning primer of the explosive charge lighter, the delayed combustible of the explosive charge lighter is ignited by the propellant charge.

Wie Figur 1 erkennen lässt, weist die dort gezeigte Handfeuerwaffe, bei der es sich im Falle des gezeigten Ausführungsbeispieles um ein Gewehr mit einer Gesamtlänge von 1120 mm, einem Gewicht von 5,8 kg und einem Kaliber von 19,4 mm handelt, einen Kolben mit darin untergebrachter elektrischer Versorgungseinheit in Form einer Batterie 10 auf. Die Batterie 10 liefert die notwendige elektrische Energie für eine Zieloptik 12 und eine Laser-Distanzmesseinrichtung 14, deren jeweils automatisch ermittelten Distanzwerte, das durch die Zieloptik 12 anvisierte Ziel betreffend, in die Zieloptik 12 einspiegelbar sind. Ferner gehört zu den elektrischen bzw. elektronischen Komponenten, welche durch die Batterie 10 versorgt werden, eine elektronische Steuereinheit 16, der sowohl die durch die Laser-Distanzmesseinrichtung 14 ermittelten Distanzwerte als auch die durch eine nicht-gezeigte Einrichtung zum automatischen Ermitteln der Elevation/Depression gemessenen Daten, die zusätzlich auch auf die Zieloptik 12 aufgegeben werden und die mit minimaler Einschwingzeit arbeitet, zuführbar sind. Die elektronische Steuereinheit 16 beaufschlagt eine zweistufige Abzugeinheit 18 zur Betätigung des Auslösemechanismus für in einem Magazin 20 bereitgehaltene Schrotmunition, die aus einem Lauf 22 verschiessbar ist. Die im Magazin 20 bereitgehaltene Schrotmunition ist vorzugsweise mit für die ballistischen Eigenschaften charakteristischen Codewerten kodiert, wobei diese Codewerte automatisch auf die elektronische Steuereinheit 16 aufgebbar sind.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the handgun shown there has, in the case of the showed embodiment is a rifle with a total length of 1120 mm, a weight of 5.8 kg and a caliber of 19.4 mm, a piston with an electrical supply unit accommodated therein in the form of a battery 10. The battery 10 supplies the necessary electrical energy for a target optic 12 and a laser distance measuring device 14, the distance values of which are automatically determined in each case and which relate to the target aimed at by the target optic 12 can be reflected into the target optic 12. Furthermore, the electrical or electronic components that are supplied by the battery 10 include an electronic control unit 16, which controls both the distance values determined by the laser distance measuring device 14 and the device (not shown) for automatically determining the elevation / depression Measured data, which are also applied to the target optics 12 and which operate with a minimal settling time, can be supplied. The electronic control unit 16 acts on a two-stage trigger unit 18 for actuating the trigger mechanism for shot ammunition held in a magazine 20, which can be closed from a barrel 22. The shot ammunition held in the magazine 20 is preferably encoded with code values that are characteristic of the ballistic properties, these code values being able to be automatically applied to the electronic control unit 16.

Figur 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der im Magazin 20 bereitgestellten Schrotmunition. Wie erkennbar ist, weist diese räumlich und wirkungsmässig getrennt eine Treibladung 24 sowie eine Sprengladung 26 auf, wobei die Sprengladung 26 mit den Schrotkugeln oder dergleichen kombiniert ist. Der Treibladung 24 ist ein Treibladungsanzünder 28 in Form eines Ringzünders zugeordnet, während die Sprengladung 26 mittels eines Sprengladungsanzünders 30 zündbar ist. Der Sprengladungsanzünder 30 ist so ausgebildet, dass die Sprengladung 26 nach seiner Betätigung mit einer festen zeitlichen Verzögerung, die beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schussdistanz von 500 m entspricht, detoniert, während der Treibladungsanzünder 28 bei seiner Betätigung die Treibladung 24 im wesentlichen ohne zeitliche Verzögerung zur Detonation bringt.FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the shot ammunition provided in the magazine 20. As can be seen, this has a propellant charge 24 and an explosive charge 26, spatially and effectively separated, the explosive charge 26 being combined with the shot pellets or the like. The propellant charge 24 is assigned a propellant charge igniter 28 in the form of a ring igniter, while the explosive charge 26 can be ignited by means of an explosive charge igniter 30. The explosive charge lighter 30 is designed such that the explosive charge 26 detonates after it has been actuated with a fixed time delay, which corresponds to a firing distance of 500 m in the exemplary embodiment shown, while the propellant charge lighter 28 detonates the charge 24 essentially without any time delay when it is actuated brings.

Die Laser-Distanzmesseinrichtung 14 arbeitet bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Inkrement von 20 cm. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, dass in einer ersten Stufe bzw. auf einem ersten Weg der Abzugeinheit 18 zunächst von der Batterie 10 aus die elektrischen bzw. elektronischen Komponenten des Systems mit elektrischer Energie beaufschlagt werden. Der durch die Zieloptik 12 das Ziel anvisierende Schütze erkennt in der beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als Restlichtverstärker ausgelegten Zieloptik eingespiegelt in diesem «Aktivierungszustand» der Abzugeinheit 18 die momentan durch die Laser-Distanzmesseinrichtung 14 angegebene Schussdistanz in Metern, die Visiermarkierung, welche in Abhängigkeit von den Codewerten der im Magazin 20 bereitgehaltenen Schrotmunition einerseits sowie der gemessenen Elevation/Depression andererseits optisch ihre Position variiert, sowie die verbleibende Schusszahl, wobei die Einspiegelung mit Ausnahme der Visiermarkierung blinkend/veränderlich erfolgt. Sobald der Schütze nach dem Fixieren des Zieles die Abzugeinheit 18 durch weiteres Durchziehen des Abzuges in die zweite Stufe bringt, werden die in die Zieloptik 12 eingespiegelten Angaben fixiert, d.h. die Schussdistanz bleibt nunmehr festgelegt, so dass also auch beim Anvisieren eines anderen Zieles die auf die elektronische Steuereinheit 16 aufgegebenen Schusswerte unverändert bleiben. Wird die Abzugeinheit 18 nun bis zum Auslösepunkt durchgezogen, so betätigt der durch die elektronische Steuereinheit 16 beaufschlagte elektronische Auslösemechanismus sogleich den Sprengladungsanzünder 30 sowie mit je nach Schussdistanz, ballistischen Munitionswerten und Elevation festgelegter variabler zeitlicher Verzögerung den Treibladungsanzünder 28. Werden bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel Treibladungsanzünder 28 und Sprengladungsanzünder 30 gleichzeitig betätigt, so explodiert demzufolge die Sprengladung in einer Distanz von 500 m. Ist die Schussdistanz kürzer, so erfolgt das Zünden des Treibladungsanzünders 28 entsprechend lange nach dem Zünden des Sprengladungsanzünders 30.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the laser distance measuring device 14 works with an increment of 20 cm. The arrangement is such that in a first stage or in a first way of the extraction unit 18, the electrical or electronic components of the system are initially supplied with electrical energy from the battery 10. In the target optics designed as residual light amplifiers in the exemplary embodiment shown and reflected in this “activation state” of the trigger unit 18, the shooter aiming through the target optics 12 recognizes the firing distance in meters currently indicated by the laser distance measuring device 14, the sighting mark, which is a function of the code values The shot ammunition held in the magazine 20 on the one hand and the measured elevation / depression on the other hand optically vary their position, as well as the remaining number of shots, the reflection being carried out with the exception of the sighting marking blinking / changing. As soon as the shooter brings the trigger unit 18 into the second stage by pulling the trigger further after fixing the target, the information reflected in the target optics 12 is fixed, i.e. the firing distance now remains fixed, so that the firing values given to the electronic control unit 16 remain unchanged even when aiming at another target. If the trigger unit 18 is now pulled through to the trigger point, the electronic trigger mechanism acted upon by the electronic control unit 16 immediately actuates the explosive charge lighter 30 and, depending on the firing distance, ballistic ammunition values and elevation, the propellant charge lighter 28 becomes variable, depending on the firing distance 28 and the explosive charge lighter 30 are actuated simultaneously, the explosive charge consequently explodes at a distance of 500 m. If the firing distance is shorter, the propellant lighter 28 is ignited correspondingly long after the explosive charge lighter 30 is ignited.

Die erfindungsgemässe Handfeuerwaffe hat in Verbindung mit der erfindungsgemäss verwendeten Munition den Vorteil, dass die Sprengladung mit grosser Genauigkeit, wobei Inkremente von 20 cm erzielbar sind, tatsächlich erst am Zielpunkt explodiert. Demzufolge hat das Geschoss bis zum Zielpunkt eine einwandfreie ballistische Flugbahn wie ein Vollmantelgeschoss oder dergleichen, während dann am Zielpunkt die bekannten Vorteile der Schrotmunition zur Verfügung stehen. Die verwendete Schrotmunition kann über ihre Kodierung in der bereits beschriebenen Weise erkannt werden. Neben Schrotmunition können natürlich auch Pfeilmunition, Sprengmunition oder dergleichen verwendet werden. Bei Ausfall der Batterie 10, bei infanteristischer Verwertung natürlich auch im Nahkampf-Fall lässt sich in herkömmlicher Weise normale Schrotmunition verwenden. Die Anordnung ist im übrigen so getroffen, dass jeweils beim Loslassen des Abzuges aus der zweiten Stufe in die erste Stufe die bereits in der elektronischen Steuereinheit 16, die beispielsweise einen Mikroprozessor oder dergleichen auftragen kann, gespeicherten Auslösewerte gelöscht werden, also unabhängig davon, ob tatsächlich ein Auslösen des Schusses erfolgt ist oder aber der Schütze ohne Schussauslösung ein neues Ziel anpeilt, dessen Distanzwerte usw. wiederum für den beabsichtigten Schuss massgebend sein sollen. Der Lauf 22 kann im übrigen in herkömmlicher Weise entweder mit Zügen, als glatter Lauf oder aber auch geschlitzt ausgebildet sein. Das Magazin 20 kann sowohl ein Trommel- als auch ggf. ein Stabmagazin sein. Im übrigen lassen sich für die Handfeuerwaffe, die natürlich nicht nur für infanteristische, sondern auch für jagdliche Zwecke verwendbar ist, herkömmliche mechanische, elektrische und elektronische Komponenten verwenden.The handgun according to the invention, in conjunction with the ammunition used according to the invention, has the advantage that the explosive charge does not actually explode until the target point with great accuracy, with increments of 20 cm being achievable. As a result, the projectile has a flawless ballistic trajectory, such as a full-jacket projectile or the like, to the target point, while the known advantages of shotgun ammunition are then available at the target point. The shot ammunition used can be recognized via its coding in the manner already described. In addition to shot ammunition, arrow ammunition, explosive ammunition or the like can of course also be used. In the event of battery 10 failure, in the case of infantry recovery, of course also in the case of close combat, normal shot ammunition can be used in a conventional manner. The arrangement is otherwise such that each time the trigger is released from the second stage to the first stage, the trigger values already stored in the electronic control unit 16, which can, for example, apply a microprocessor or the like, are deleted, i.e. regardless of whether they actually exist the shot has been fired or the shooter is aiming for a new target without firing the shot, the distance values etc. of which should in turn be decisive for the intended shot. The barrel 22 can also be designed in a conventional manner either with trains, as a smooth barrel or slotted. The magazine 20 can be both a drum magazine and, if applicable, a rod magazine. In addition, conventional mechanical, electrical and electronic components can be used for the handgun, which can of course not only be used for infantry purposes, but also for hunting purposes.

Während bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Schrotmunition gemäss Figur 2 mangels besonderer Sicherungseinrichtungen nur eine beispielsweise für jagdliche Zwecke, aber auch für manche infanteristische Anwendungszwecke durchaus in vorteilhafter Weise verwendbare Schrotmunition mit einer Sprengladung eingesetzt werden darf, die bei einem Versagen des Treibladungsanzünders und dadurch erfolgender Detonation der Sprengladung innerhalb des Laufes 22 der Waffe lediglich, unter gleichzeitigem über die Sprengladung erfolgenden Zünden der Treibladung 24, als zusätzliche Treibladung wirkt, ohne dass hierdurch eine Gefahr für den Schützen hervorgerufen würde, ermöglicht das Ausführungsbeispiel der Munition, wie es in den Figuren 3 bis 6 wiedergegeben ist, auch das Einsetzen hochbrisanter Sprengladungen 26 bzw. von Geschossköpfen, die z.B. Schwermetallkugeln der dergleichen zum Bekämpfen beispielsweise auch gehärteter Ziele gestatten. Hierzu weist der Sprengladungsanzünder 30 bei der Munition, welche eine Treibladungskartusche 32 und einen in dem Fachmann geläufiger Weise lösbar hiermit verbundenen Geschosskopf 34 aufweist, ein zentrales Zündhütchen 36, welches durch einen Zentralzündstift 38 beaufschlagbar ist, auf, dem ein schnellbrennender Zündsatz 40, innerhalb einer Schutzhülse 42 konzentrisch zur Geschosslängsachse innerhalb der Treibladungskartusche 32 angeordnet, einen Verzögerungsbrennsatz 44 sowie einen bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 3, Figur 5 und Figur 6 T-förmig ausgebildeten Sprengzündsatz 46 auf. Konzentrisch zum Zündhütchen 36 ist der als Ringzünder ausgebildete Treibladungsanzünder 28 angeordnet, welcher durch einen Zündring 48 beaufschlagbar ist. Der Verzögerungsbrennsatz 44 sowie der Sprengzündsatz 46 befinden sich innerhalb eines Zündröhrchens 50, welches nahe seinem der Geschosskopfspitze zugewandten Ende zwei einander gegenüberliegende Zündbohrungen 52 aufweist, die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 3, Figur 5 und Figur 6 T-förmig von dem Material des Sprengzündsatzes 46 ausgefüllt sind, während der Sprengzündsatz bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 4 ausschliesslich innerhalb der Bohrung des Zündröhrchens 50 liegt, so dass die Zündbohrungen 52 dort frei bleiben. Das Zündröhrchen 50 liegt längsverschieblich, konzentrisch zur Geschossachse, innerhalb einer Zündhülse 54, die ebenfalls zwei einander gegenüberliegende Wandbohrungen 56 aufweist, die bei dem Betriebszustand von Figur 3, bei dem der Geschosskopf 34 mit der Treibladungskartusche 32 verbunden ist, so gegenüber den Zündbohrungen 52 versetzt angeordnet sind, dass bei einem Zünden des Sprengzündsatzes 46 die Sprengladung 26 nicht zur Detonation gebracht werden kann. Bewirkt wird dies, wie Figur 3 erkennen lässt, dadurch, dass eine innerhalb der Zündhülse 54 angeordnete Druckfeder 58 das der Geschossspitze abgewandte Ende des Zündröhrchens 50 in eine Stellung presst, in der die Zündbohrungen 52 und die Wandbohrungen 56 nicht miteinander fluchten, wobei das Zündröhrchen 50 in dieser Stellung an der Schutzhülse 42 des schnellbrennenden Zündsatzes 40 anliegt. DieZündhülse 54 weist eine der Treibladung 24 zugewandte Aufweitung 60 auf. Die Sprengladung 26 ist von einer Anzahl Schrotkugeln 62, ggf. auch in Form von Schwermetallkugeln zur Bekämpfung gehärteter Ziele usw., wie dem Fachmann geläufig, umgeben.While in the embodiment of the shot ammunition according to FIG. 2, due to the lack of special safety devices, only one, for example for hunting Liche purposes, but also for some infantryman applications, shot ammunition with an explosive charge may be used in an advantageous manner, which in the event of a failure of the propellant lighter and consequent detonation of the explosive charge within the barrel 22 of the weapon only, with simultaneous ignition of the explosive charge Propellant charge 24, acts as an additional propellant charge, without this causing any danger to the shooter, the embodiment of the ammunition, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, also enables the use of highly explosive explosive charges 26 or projectile heads, for example heavy metal bullets the like to combat hardened targets, for example. For this purpose, the explosive charge lighter 30 in the ammunition, which has a propellant charge cartridge 32 and a projectile head 34 releasably connected to it in a manner familiar to the person skilled in the art, has a central primer 36, which can be acted upon by a central firing pin 38, to which a fast-burning primer 40, within a Protective sleeve 42 arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the projectile within the propellant charge cartridge 32, a deceleration fuel set 44 and an explosive charge set 46 which is T-shaped in the embodiment of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. The propellant lighter 28, which is designed as a ring igniter and can be acted upon by an ignition ring 48, is arranged concentrically with the primer 36. The delayed fuel set 44 and the detonating charge 46 are located within an ignition tube 50 which, near its end facing the projectile head tip, has two opposing ignition bores 52 which, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, are T-shaped from the material of the detonating charge 46 are filled out, while the detonating charge in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 lies exclusively within the bore of the ignition tube 50, so that the ignition bores 52 remain free there. The ignition tube 50 is longitudinally displaceable, concentric to the projectile axis, within an ignition sleeve 54, which likewise has two mutually opposite wall bores 56, which in the operating state of FIG. 3, in which the projectile head 34 is connected to the propellant charge cartridge 32, are offset with respect to the ignition bores 52 are arranged so that when the detonating charge 46 is detonated, the explosive charge 26 cannot be detonated. This is achieved, as can be seen in FIG. 3, in that a compression spring 58 arranged inside the ignition sleeve 54 presses the end of the ignition tube 50 facing away from the projectile tip into a position in which the ignition bores 52 and the wall bores 56 do not align with one another, the ignition tube 50 rests in this position on the protective sleeve 42 of the fast-burning primer 40. The ignition sleeve 54 has an expansion 60 facing the propellant charge 24. The explosive charge 26 is surrounded by a number of shot balls 62, possibly also in the form of heavy metal balls for combating hardened targets etc., as is known to the person skilled in the art.

Die Schrotmunition nach der Erfindung arbeitet bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel, wie es in den Figuren 3 bis 6 wiedergegeben ist, wie folgt:The shot ammunition according to the invention works in the exemplary embodiment as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 as follows:

Bei normaler Funktionsweise schlägt zunächst der Zentralzündstift 38 auf das Zündhütchen 36 des Sprengladungsanzünders 30 auf, woraufhin der schnellbrennende Zündsatz 40 abbrennt und den Verzögerungsbrennsatz 44 innerhalb des Zündröhrchens 50 in Brand setzt, der eine fest bestimmte Zeit brennt. Währenddessen hat an einer erfindungsgemäss gewählten Verzögerung gegenüber dem Zentralzündstift 38 der Zündring 36 den Ringzünder des Treibladungsanzünders 28 betätigt, der seinerseits das Abbrennen der Treibladung 24 bewirkt. Hierdurch löst sich der Geschosskopf 34 von der Treibladungskartusche 32 ab und verlässt den Lauf der Handfeuerwaffe. Die Abstützung des Zündröhrchens 50 an der Treibladungskartusche 32 bzw. dem Endbereich der Schutzhülse 42 für den schnellbrennenden Zündsatz 40 wird durch das Lösen des Geschosskopfes 34 von der Treibladungskartusche 32 aufgehoben, so dass die Druckfeder 58 das Zündröhrchen 50 innerhalb der Zündhülse 54 derart verschiebt, dass die Zündbohrungen 52 des Zündröhrchens 50 mit den Wandbohrungen 56 der Zündhülse 54 in Ausrichtung gebracht werden. In dieser gegenseitigen Relativstellung von Zündröhrchen 50 und Zündhülse 54, die in Figur 4 gezeigt ist, erreicht der abbrennende Verzögerungsbrennsatz 44 den Sprengzündsatz 46 und zündet diesen, woraufhin dieser in der in Figur 4 durch entsprechende Blitzpfeile gekennzeichneten Weise - in Figur 3 bezeichnen entsprechende Blitzpfeile das Anzünden der Treibladung 24 durch den Treibladungsanzünders 28 - die Sprengladung 26 zum festgesetzten Zeitpunkt nach dem Verlassen des Laufes 22 der Handfeuerwaffe zur Detonation bringt.In normal operation, the central ignition pin 38 first strikes the primer 36 of the explosive charge lighter 30, whereupon the fast-burning primer 40 burns and sets fire to the delayed combustible 44 within the primer tube 50, which burns for a predetermined time. In the meantime, at a delay chosen according to the invention with respect to the central ignition pin 38, the ignition ring 36 actuated the ring igniter of the propellant charge lighter 28, which in turn causes the propellant charge 24 to burn off. As a result, the projectile head 34 detaches from the propellant charge cartridge 32 and leaves the barrel of the handgun. The support of the ignition tube 50 on the propellant charge cartridge 32 or the end region of the protective sleeve 42 for the fast-burning primer 40 is released by releasing the projectile head 34 from the propellant charge cartridge 32, so that the compression spring 58 displaces the ignition tube 50 within the ignition sleeve 54 such that the ignition bores 52 of the ignition tube 50 are brought into alignment with the wall bores 56 of the ignition sleeve 54. In this mutual relative position of the ignition tube 50 and the ignition sleeve 54, which is shown in FIG. 4, the burning delay fuel set 44 reaches the detonation charge set 46 and ignites it, whereupon this is indicated in the manner shown in FIG. 4 by corresponding lightning arrows - in FIG. 3, corresponding lightning arrows denote this Ignition of the propellant charge 24 by the propellant charge lighter 28 - detonates the explosive charge 26 at the specified time after leaving the barrel 22 of the handgun.

Sollte hingegen die Treibladung 24 aus irgendeinem Grunde nicht zünden, so ergibt sich der in Figur 5 gezeigte Betriebszustand, bei dem der Geschosskopf 34, weiterhin mit der Treibladungskartusche 32 verbunden, sich noch im Lauf 22 der Handfeuerwaffe befindet. In diesem Fall brennt der Sprengzündsatz 46 ungenutzt ab, da er wegen der versetzten Anordnung der Zündbohrungen 52 des Zündröhrchens 50 einerseits und der Wandbohrungen 56 der Zündhülse 54 andererseits die Sprengladung 26 nicht beaufschlagen kann. Sollte hingegen aus irgendeinem Grunde der Zündvorgang für den schnellbrennenden Zündsatz 40 des Sprengladungsanzünders 30 versagen, so wird durch die abbrennende Treibladung 24 in der in Figur 6 rechts durch Blitzpfeile gezeichneten Weise über die Treibladung 24 der Verzögerungsbrennsatz 44 angezündet, so dass in diesem Fall die Sprengladung 26 nach Verlassen des Laufes der Handfeuerwaffe mit maximaler Verzögerungszeit zur Detonation kommt. Angemerkt sei dabei, dass der durch den Abbrand der Treibladung 24 erzeugte Gasdruck in jedem Fall grösser ist als die Massenträgheit des Zündröhrchens 50 bei der Beschleunigung zusammen mit der Rückstellkraft der Feder 58.If, on the other hand, the propellant charge 24 does not ignite for some reason, the operating state shown in FIG. 5 results, in which the projectile head 34, still connected to the propellant charge cartridge 32, is still in the barrel 22 of the handgun. In this case, the detonating charge 46 burns unused since, because of the offset arrangement of the ignition bores 52 of the ignition tube 50 on the one hand and the wall bores 56 of the ignition sleeve 54 on the other hand, it cannot act on the explosive charge 26. If, on the other hand, the ignition process for the fast-burning primer 40 of the explosive charge lighter 30 fails for some reason, the decelerating charge 44 is ignited by the burning propellant charge 24 in the manner shown by lightning arrows in FIG. 6 on the propellant charge 24, so that in this case the explosive charge 26 detonation occurs after leaving the barrel of the handgun with a maximum delay time. It should be noted here that the gas pressure generated by the combustion of the propellant charge 24 is in any case greater than the inertia of the ignition tube 50 during acceleration together with the restoring force of the spring 58.

Das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäss einsetzbaren Schrotmunition gewährleistet auch bei hochbrisanten Sprengladungen 26 bzw. entsprechender Ausbildung des Geschosskopfes 34, wie zum Beispiel im Fall der Bekämpfung gehärteter Ziele, maximale Sicherheit für Handfeuerwaffe und Schützen, da ein Detonieren der Sprengladung 26 im Lauf der Waffe bzw. vor Erreichen des gewünschten Detonationszeitpunktes unter allen Umständen vermieden wird.The above-described embodiment of the shot ammunition which can be used according to the invention also ensures high explosive charges 26 or corresponding training of the Projectile head 34, such as in the case of combating hardened targets, maximum safety for handguns and shooters, since detonation of the explosive charge 26 is avoided in the barrel of the weapon or before reaching the desired detonation time under all circumstances.

Ohne dass dies in der Zeichnung gezeigt wäre, kann die elektrische Versorgungseinheit bei der Erfindung mit einer Generatoreinrichtung zum Umwandeln zumindest eines Teiles der bei der Betätigung der Abzugeinheit 18 aufgebrachten mechanischen Energie in elektrische Energie aufweisen, wobei die erzeugte elektrische Energie zumindest ausreicht, um die Versorgung der Anzündeinrichtung für Treibladung und Sprengladung bei dem jeweiligen Schuss sicherzustellen. Vorzugsweise ist aber die gesamte elektrische Versorgungseinheit 10 so ausgelegt bzw. ausgebildet, dass mittels einer entsprechenden, z.B. induktiven oder piezoelektrischen Generatoreinrichtungen durch Betätigung der Abzugeinheit 18 soviel elektrische Energie gewonnen wird, dass diese zur gesamten elektrischen Versorgung, jedenfalls aber zur Ergänzung der jeweils verbrauchten elektrischen Energiemengen, der Handfeuerwaffe ausreicht. Die elektrische Versorgungseinheit kann dabei neben einem Akkumulator oder dergleichen, der durch die Betätigung der Abzugeinheit 18 in der beschriebenen Weise aufladbar ist, beispielsweise auch eine mechanische Schwungmasse (Gyro-Prinzip) enthalten.Without being shown in the drawing, the electrical supply unit in the invention can have a generator device for converting at least a portion of the mechanical energy applied when the trigger unit 18 is actuated into electrical energy, the electrical energy generated being at least sufficient to supply the unit the ignition device for propellant charge and explosive charge for each shot. However, the entire electrical supply unit 10 is preferably designed or constructed such that by means of a corresponding, e.g. Inductive or piezoelectric generator devices by actuating the trigger unit 18 is so much electrical energy that it is sufficient for the entire electrical supply, but in any case to supplement the electrical energy consumed by the handgun. In addition to an accumulator or the like, which can be charged in the manner described by actuating the trigger unit 18, the electrical supply unit can also contain a mechanical flywheel (gyro principle), for example.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEREFERENCE SIGN LIST (LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS)(LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS)

  • 10 Batterie10 battery
  • 12 Zieloptik12 target optics
  • 14 Laser-Distanzmesseinrichtung14 Laser distance measuring device
  • 16 Elektronische Steuereinheit16 Electronic control unit
  • 18 Abzugeinheit18 trigger unit
  • 20 Magazin20 magazine
  • 22 Lauf22 run
  • 24 Treibladung24 propellant charge
  • 26 Sprengladung26 Explosive charge
  • 28 Treibladungsanzünder28 propellant lighter
  • 30 Sprengladungsanzünder30 explosive charges
  • 32 Treibladungskartusche32 propellant charge cartridge
  • 34 Geschosskopf34 projectile head
  • 36 Zündhütchen36 primers
  • 38 Zentralzündstift38 central ignition pin
  • 40 Schnellbrennender Zündsatz40 Fast-burning primer
  • 42 Schutzhülse42 protective sleeve
  • 44 Verzögerungsbrennsatz44 Delay fuel
  • 46 Sprengzündsatz46 explosive charge
  • 48 Zündring48 ignition ring
  • 50 Zündröhrchen50 ignition tubes
  • 52 Zündbohrung52 ignition hole
  • 54 Zündhülse54 Ignition sleeve
  • 56 Wandbohrung56 wall hole
  • 58 Druckfeder58 compression spring
  • 60 Aufweitung60 expansion
  • 62 Schrotkugel62 shot pellet

Claims (28)

1. A handgun for firing buckshot which is adapted to break up near the target and which comprises a propelling charge (24) and, ignitable at a different time therefrom, an explosive charge (26), the buckshot having separate ignites (28, 30) for the propelling charge and the explosive charge, an igniting device which is coupled with a trigger unit (18) being provided to actuate the propelling charge igniter (28) and the explosive charge igniter (30) at differenttime intervals, characterised in that an optical aiming system (12) comprising a laser range finder (14) for automatically determining the distance from a target sighted by the optical aiming system (12) is provided, the igniting system has an electronic control unit (16) which is adapted to ignite the propelling charge (24) with a delay varying in accordance with the measured distances supplied to the control unit by the laser range finder (14) at a time interval from the explosive charge (26) which detonates a fixed delay after its ignition, and an electric power pack (10) energizing the electrical and electronic components is provided.
2. A handgun according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance values found by the laser range finder (14) are reflectable into the optical aiming system (12).
3. A handgun according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by means for automatically determining the elevation/depression and supplying the corresponding values to the optical aiming system (12) and electronic control unit (16).
4. A handgun according to any of the previous claims, characterised in that the electronic control unit (16) can be supplied with code values characteristic of the ballistic properties of the buckshot used, such as vo, weight and the like.
5. A handgun according to any of the previous claims, characterised in that the trigger unit (18) has two stages, the electrical or electronic components being activated in the first stage without actuation of the electronic triggering device controllable by the electronic control unit (16), the triggering time for the propelling charge (24) as determined by the electronic control unit (16) being continuously adapted to the instantaneous range values supplied by the laser range finder (14), the values which are finally supplied in the first stage being retained in the second stage until actuation of the electronic triggering device.
6. A handgun according to claim 2 and 5, characterised in that the range indication is reflected intermittently and variably into the optical aiming system (12) in the first stage of the trigger unit (18) and continuously into such system (12) in the second stage.
7. A handgun according to any of claims 2-6, characterised in that the remaining number of shots is adapted to be reflected automatically into the optical aiming system (12).
8. A handgun according to any of the previous claims, characterised in that the power pack (10) is disposed in the butt of the handgun and the electronic control unit (16) is disposed in a hand grip of the handgun.
9. A handgun according to any of the previous claims, characterised in that the power pack (10) has generator means for converting into electrical energy at least some of the mechanical energy exerted in the actuation of the trigger unit (18).
10. A handgun according to claim 9, characterised in that the generator means are adapted to produce sufficient electric power for operation of the igniter system in the case of the shot triggered by actuation of the trigger unit (18).
11. A handgun according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the generator means are adapted to produce all the electric power required to energize the electrical and electronic components.
12. A handgun according to any of claims 1-11, characterised in that the generator means are adapted for the inductive generation of electric power.
13. A handgun according to any of claims 9-11, characterised in that the generator means are adapted for the piezoelectric generation of electric power.
14. A handgun according to any of claims 9-13, characterised in that the power pack (10) has storage means for collecting the energy used intermittently in intermittent actuation of the trigger unit (18).
15. A handgun according to claim 14, characterised in that the storage unit has a mechanical gyrating mass.
16. A handgun according to claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the storage unit has an electric accumulator or the like.
17. Buckshot for use in the handgun according to any of the previous claims, the buckshot having a propelling charge (24) which has a propelling charge igniter (28) and, physically and operatively separated from the propelling charge (24), an explosive charge (26) which has its own igniter (30), the detonation time of the explosive charge (26) occurring with a fixed delay after the time of actuation of the explosive charge igniter (30), characterised in that the explosive charge (26) can be detonated only after the propelling charge (24) has burned away.
18. Buckshot according to claim 17, characterised in that the fixed delay of the detonation time of the explosive charge igniter (30) corresponds in relation to actuation thereof to a shooting distance of approximately 500 m.
19. Buckshot according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the propelling charge igniter (28) and/or the explosive charge igniter (30) is or are adapted to be actuated electrically or electronically.
20. Buckshot according to any of claims 17-19, characterised in that the propelling charge igniter (28) and/or the explosive charge igniter (30) is or are adapted to be actuated mechanically.
21. Buckshot according to any of claims 17-20, characterised in that the propelling charge igniter (28) is a ring igniter and the explosive charge (30) is a central igniter.
22. Buckshot according to any of claims 15-21, characterised in that the explosive charge igniter (30) is disposed on the explosive charge (26) laterally thereof.
23. Buckshot according to any of claims 17-22, characterised in that the explosive charge igniter (30) has a primer (36) or the like with a subsequent quick-burning fuse (40) or the like, a delay fuse (44) following the same and a detonating fuse (46) operatively disposed between the delay fuse (44) and the explosive charge (26).
24. Buckshot according to claim 23, characterised in that in the event of a failure of the primer composition (36) and/or of the quick-burning fuse (40) the delay fuse (44) is ignitable by the propelling charge (24).
25. Buckshot according to claim 23 or 24, characterised in that the delay fuse (44) and the detonating fuse (46) are received in an igniter tube (50) or the like disposed in a projectile head (34) having the detonating fuse (26) parallel to the projectile longitudinal axis, the igniter tube (40) being disposed for longitudinal movement in an igniter sleeve (54) around which the explosive charge (26) extends, the sleeve (54) having one end pressed by a spring (58) or the like into bearing engagement with a propelling charge cartridge (32); and the igniter tube (50) is formed with a bore (52) nearthe detonating fuse (46) and the igniter sleeve (54) is formed with a bore (56), the latter bores being offset from one another when there is communication between the projectile head (34) and the propelling charge cartridge (32) and responding to detachment of the head (34) form the cartridge (32) by being brought into alignment with one another by longitudinal displacement of the igniter tube (50) in the sleeve (45) by means of the spring (58).
26. Buckshot according to claim 25, characterised in that the sleeve (54) and the tube (50) are each sealed at the end remote from the propelling charge cartridge (32) by an end member, and the spring is a compression spring (28) which bears at one end on the end of the igniter tube and at the other end on the end of the igniter sleeve.
27. Buckshot according to claim 25 or 26, characterised in that the quick-burning fuse (40) extends concentrically of the projectile axis substantially from the primer (36) as far as an interface of the propelling charge cartridge (32), such interface being near the projectile head (34), and is disposed within a protective sleeve (42) surrounded substantially completely by the propelling charge (34), and the igniter sleeve (54) is disposed concentrically of the projectile axis.
28. Buckshot according to claim 27 and 24, characterised in that the igniter tube (50) and/or the igniter sleeve (54) have at their ends near the propelling charge cartridge (32) a widening (60) through which the gases of the propelling charge (24) can act on the delay fuse (44).
EP86101927A 1985-03-05 1986-02-14 Gun with small shot ammunition Expired EP0193766B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86101927T ATE36752T1 (en) 1985-03-05 1986-02-14 HAND GUN AND SHOTGUN AMMUNITION THEREOF.
CN86102092A CN86102092B (en) 1985-03-05 1986-03-04 Small arms and be used for its canister shot
SU864027123A SU1646491A3 (en) 1986-02-14 1986-03-04 Shot cartridge
IL78030A IL78030A0 (en) 1985-03-05 1986-03-04 Small-arm and ammunition in shot form for the same
KR1019860001563A KR920004613B1 (en) 1985-03-05 1986-03-05 Small-arm and ammunition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853507758 DE3507758A1 (en) 1985-03-05 1985-03-05 Handguns and shot ammunition here
DE3507758 1985-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193766A1 EP0193766A1 (en) 1986-09-10
EP0193766B1 true EP0193766B1 (en) 1988-08-24

Family

ID=6264259

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86101927A Expired EP0193766B1 (en) 1985-03-05 1986-02-14 Gun with small shot ammunition

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (3) US4864935A (en)
EP (1) EP0193766B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61252499A (en)
KR (1) KR920004613B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3507758A1 (en)

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DE3507758A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-18 Obisco Textil Trading & Consulting S.A., Küsnacht Handguns and shot ammunition here
DE3728362A1 (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-09 Rainer Achterholt Caseless cartridge
DE3810048A1 (en) * 1988-03-25 1989-10-05 Obisco Trading And Consulting Hand-held firearm (handgun or long gun) and a cartridge for such a hand-held firearm
DE58901599D1 (en) * 1988-10-21 1992-07-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh DEVICE SETTING DEVICE.
ES2111728T3 (en) * 1992-09-10 1998-03-16 Giat Ind Sa DEVICE FOR TRIGGERING A FIREARM THROUGH AN INFRARED DETECTOR.
JPH06272455A (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-27 Jiyuuken Sangyo:Kk Manufacture of door prevented from warping
JPH08232549A (en) * 1995-02-25 1996-09-10 Nippon Flash Kk Little warped flush door
US6269581B1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2001-08-07 John Groh Range compensating rifle scope
DE10018369A1 (en) 2000-04-13 2001-10-25 Joergen Brosow Firearm locking system has transponder check can include munition lock could make all existing firearms useless
DE10102624B4 (en) * 2001-01-20 2011-01-05 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh cartridge
EP1340956B2 (en) * 2002-03-01 2011-11-30 Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH Telescopic sight with inside display
DE10248697A1 (en) * 2002-03-23 2003-10-02 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh cartridge
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US9322622B2 (en) * 2010-01-15 2016-04-26 Olin Corporation Shotshell with combination slug and shot load
US10488164B1 (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-11-26 Larry Utt Firearm system configured to fire a cartridge of reduced length
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US11561075B2 (en) * 2018-12-13 2023-01-24 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Projectile with pyrotechnically timed release of a secondary payload
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61252499A (en) 1986-11-10
EP0193766A1 (en) 1986-09-10
KR870008166A (en) 1987-09-24
US4852457A (en) 1989-08-01
US4864935A (en) 1989-09-12
DE3507758C2 (en) 1987-03-26
US5001962A (en) 1991-03-26
DE3660605D1 (en) 1988-09-29
KR920004613B1 (en) 1992-06-11
DE3507758A1 (en) 1986-09-18
JPH0532680B2 (en) 1993-05-17

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