EP0191687A1 - Device for varying the cross-section of a turbine stator - Google Patents

Device for varying the cross-section of a turbine stator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0191687A1
EP0191687A1 EP86400191A EP86400191A EP0191687A1 EP 0191687 A1 EP0191687 A1 EP 0191687A1 EP 86400191 A EP86400191 A EP 86400191A EP 86400191 A EP86400191 A EP 86400191A EP 0191687 A1 EP0191687 A1 EP 0191687A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flaps
downstream
flap
distributor
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86400191A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0191687B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Marcel François Mandet
Jacques Henri Mouchel
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for varying the section of the neck of a turbine distributor.
  • the device comprises between the fixed vanes a single articulated monobloc flap which can occupy a retracted position and a position for which the channel is partially closed.
  • the main defect of this method is that it creates large projections in the vein, in the vicinity of the heels of the movable blades when the flaps are in the reduced vein position.
  • each channel provided between two adjacent blades and close to the wall of the external vein there are provided two flaps located one after the other and which are articulated, one, by its upstream edge and the other by its downstream edge on the external casing of the distributor, one of the upstream flaps being held in abutment by the pressure of the gases by its downstream edge on the upstream edge of the downstream flap and the flap downstream being articulated by said upstream edge on a control member, so that, in the "open neck” position, the flaps retract in alignment with the wall of the vein and, in the "closed neck” position, the channel is partially closed by said flaps.
  • the external or internal ventilation system of the blades and the architecture of the blades are not affected.
  • the control device is located near the shutters and no hot zone crossing is imposed.
  • FIG. 1 there is partially shown a turbine distributor comprising a series of fixed blades 1 which are integral with the casing 2 of the outer casing of the turbomachine, said distributor being located upstream of a series of movable blades 4 of the turbine.
  • a space is provided in which two flaps 5, 6 are arranged, one of which 5 is located upstream and the other 6 downstream relative to the direction of movement of the fluid.
  • the flaps 5, 6 which are located one after the other are articulated on the same platform 7, 7a of a blade 1 ( Figures 2, 3).
  • the platform 7, 7a has a fixed yoke 8 on which is articulated around an axis 9 engaged in an oblong hole 10a a boss 10 provided on the upstream edge of the flap 5.
  • the platform 7, 7a comprises a fixed yoke 11 on which is articulated around an axis 12 a boss 13 provided on the downstream edge of the downstream flap 6.
  • the upstream flap 5 is supported by its downstream edge 5a against the upstream edge 6a of the downstream flap 6 under the gas pressure.
  • a finger 5b is provided to bear against the upstream edge of the flap 6.
  • a boss 14 on which is articulated around an axis 15 one of the ends of a control rod 16 slidably mounted in a bore 17 a boss 18 fixed on the casing 2 and inclined on said casing.
  • the rod 16 carries a yoke 19 on which is pivotally mounted around axes 20 another yoke 21 ( Figures 1, 5, 6) provided at one end of one of the branches of 'a bent lever 22 pivotally mounted about an axis 23 fixed on a yoke 24 integral with the boss 18.
  • a sealing partition 5c and 6c is provided (FIGS. 2 and 3) extending perpendicular to the plane of the flap and making it possible to limit. the leak rate.
  • the same platform 7, 7a which carries the yokes 8, 11 has a slot 29 receiving the partitions 5c and 6c for sealing the flaps 5, 6.
  • the flaps 5, 6 are in the "closed neck” position, the channel between the blades 1 being partially closed by said flaps. If the com ring mande 27 is moved in rotation, it causes the tilting of the bent lever 22 according to arrow F and the displacement of rod 16 according to arrow F1, so that the flaps 5 and 6 retract in alignment with the vein in the "open neck” position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de variation de section du col d'un distributeur de turbine. Dans chaque canal prévu entre deux aubes adjacentes (11 et à proximité de la paroi de la veine extérieure, il est prévu deux volets (5, 6) situés à la suite l'un de l'autre et qui sont articulés l'un (5) par son bord amont (10) et l'autre (6) par son bord aval (11) sur le carter externe (2) du distributeur, l'un des volets amont (5) étant maintenu en appui par la pression des gaz par son bord aval (5a) sur le bord amont (6a) du volet aval (6) et le volet aval (6) étant articulé en 15 par ledit bord amont sur un organe de commande (16), de telle sorte que, en position «col ouvert», les volets (5, 6) s'escamotent dans l'alignement de la paroi de la veine et en position «col fermé», le canal est partiellement obturé par lesdits volets (5, 6). L'invention est utilisée dans les turbines de turbomachines.

Figure imgaf001
Device for varying the section of the neck of a turbine distributor. In each channel provided between two adjacent blades (11 and near the wall of the external vein, there are two flaps (5, 6) located one after the other and which are articulated one ( 5) by its upstream edge (10) and the other (6) by its downstream edge (11) on the external casing (2) of the distributor, one of the upstream flaps (5) being held in abutment by the pressure of the gas by its downstream edge (5a) on the upstream edge (6a) of the downstream flap (6) and the downstream flap (6) being articulated at 15 by said upstream edge on a control member (16), so that, in the "open neck" position, the flaps (5, 6) retract in alignment with the wall of the vein and in the "closed neck" position, the channel is partially closed by said flaps (5, 6). The invention is used in turbomachinery turbines.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de variation de section du col d'un distributeur de turbine.The present invention relates to a device for varying the section of the neck of a turbine distributor.

Pour obtenir un gain de poussée dans une turbomachine, il est connu d'utiliser une variation de la section du col de distributeur de la turbine.To obtain a thrust gain in a turbomachine, it is known to use a variation in the section of the distributor neck of the turbine.

Dans ce but, il est connu d'utiliser des dispositifs dans lesquels la variation de section est obtenue par un moyen aérodynamique. Toutefois, ces moyens qui sont en général peu coûteux entraînent des chutes de rendement importanteset des perturbations dans la ventilation des aubes.For this purpose, it is known to use devices in which the section variation is obtained by aerodynamic means. However, these means, which are generally inexpensive, cause significant drops in efficiency and disturbances in the ventilation of the blades.

On connaît également des dispositifs de variation de section comportant des moyens mécaniques.There are also known section variation devices comprising mechanical means.

Suivant l'un de ces procédés, on utilise une variation du calage de toute l'aube ou d'une partie de l'aube. Toutefois, ce procédé présente des difficultés provenant de la maîtrise des fuites et des étanchéités insuffisantes.According to one of these methods, a variation of the timing of the whole blade or part of the blade is used. However, this process presents difficulties stemming from the control of leaks and insufficient sealing.

On connaît également un procédé dans lequel on itilise une variation de hauteur de la veine. Dans ce but, le dispositif comporte entre les aubes fixes un volet unique monobloc articulé qui peut occuper une position escamotée et une position pour laquelle le canal est partiellement obturé.A method is also known in which itilizes a variation in height of the vein. For this purpose, the device comprises between the fixed vanes a single articulated monobloc flap which can occupy a retracted position and a position for which the channel is partially closed.

Toutefois, ce procédé a pour principal défaut de créer des ressauts importants dans la veine, au voisinage des talons des aubes mobiles lorsque les volets sont en position de veine réduite.However, the main defect of this method is that it creates large projections in the vein, in the vicinity of the heels of the movable blades when the flaps are in the reduced vein position.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention de variation de hauteur de la veine a pour objet de remédier à cet inconvénient. Conformément à la présente demande, dans chaque canal prévu entre deux aubes adjacentes et à proximité de la paroi de la veine extérieure, il est prévu deux volets situés à La suite l'un de l'autre et qui sont articulés, l'un, par son bord amont et, l'autre, par son bord aval sur le carter externe du distributeur, l'un des volets amont étant maintenu en appui par la pression des gaz par son bord aval sur le bord amont du volet aval et le volet aval étant articulé par ledit bord amont sur un organe de commande, de telle sorte que, en position "col ouvert", les volets s'escamotent dans l'alignement de la paroi de la veine et,en position "col fermé", le canal est partiellement obturé par lesdits volets.The purpose of the device according to the invention for varying the height of the vein is to remedy this drawback. In accordance with the present application, in each channel provided between two adjacent blades and close to the wall of the external vein, there are provided two flaps located one after the other and which are articulated, one, by its upstream edge and the other by its downstream edge on the external casing of the distributor, one of the upstream flaps being held in abutment by the pressure of the gases by its downstream edge on the upstream edge of the downstream flap and the flap downstream being articulated by said upstream edge on a control member, so that, in the "open neck" position, the flaps retract in alignment with the wall of the vein and, in the "closed neck" position, the channel is partially closed by said flaps.

Dans ce dispositif, seule la plate-forme extérieure des aubes est affectée et la grille d'aubes proprement dite reste fixe.In this device, only the outer platform of the blades is affected and the blade grid itself remains fixed.

Le dispositif de ventilation externe ou interne des aubes et l'architecture des aubes ne subissent pas de répercussion. Le dispositif de commande se trouve à proximité des volets et aucune traversée de zone chaude n'est imposée.The external or internal ventilation system of the blades and the architecture of the blades are not affected. The control device is located near the shutters and no hot zone crossing is imposed.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation et en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation et en coupe longitudinale suivant la ligne 1-1 de la figure 3 du dispositif de variation de section d'un col de distributeur de turbine suivant l'invention;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 3;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en plan développé suivant la flèche III du distributeur muni du dispositif suivant l'invention;
  • - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale du dispositif suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale du moyen de commande des volets;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en perspective du moyen de commande des volets.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the following description of an embodiment and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is an elevational view in longitudinal section along line 1-1 of Figure 3 of the section variation device of a turbine distributor neck according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device along the line II-II of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 3 is a plan view developed along arrow III of the dispenser provided with the device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device along the line IV-IV of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the shutter control means;
  • - Figure 6 is a perspective view of the shutter control means.

A la figure 1, on a représenté partiellement un distributeur de turbine comprenant une série d'aubes fixes 1 qui sont solidaires du carter 2 de l'enveloppe extérieure de la turbomachine, ledit distributeur étant situé en amont d'une série d'aubes mobiles 4 de la turbine.In Figure 1, there is partially shown a turbine distributor comprising a series of fixed blades 1 which are integral with the casing 2 of the outer casing of the turbomachine, said distributor being located upstream of a series of movable blades 4 of the turbine.

Entre les aubes 1, il est prévu un espace dans lequel sont disposés deux volets 5, 6 dont l'un 5 est situé en amont et l'autre 6 en aval par rapport au sens de déplacement du fluide. Les volets 5, 6 qui sont situés à la suite l'un de l'autre sont articulés sur une même plate-forme 7, 7a d'une aube 1 (figures 2, 3). A cet effet, la plate-forme 7, 7a comporte une chape fixe 8 sur laquelle est articulé autour d'un axe 9 engagé dans un trou oblong 10a un bossage 10 prévu sur le bord amont du volet 5.Between the blades 1, a space is provided in which two flaps 5, 6 are arranged, one of which 5 is located upstream and the other 6 downstream relative to the direction of movement of the fluid. The flaps 5, 6 which are located one after the other are articulated on the same platform 7, 7a of a blade 1 (Figures 2, 3). To this end, the platform 7, 7a has a fixed yoke 8 on which is articulated around an axis 9 engaged in an oblong hole 10a a boss 10 provided on the upstream edge of the flap 5.

Sur la figure 3, l'un des espaces entre les aubes 1 correspondant à la plate-forme 7a est représenté sans volets 5, 6, alors que celui correspondant à la plate-forme 7 est représenté avec les volets 5, 6 en place.In Figure 3, one of the spaces between the blades 1 corresponding to the platform 7a is shown without flaps 5, 6, while that corresponding to the platform 7 is shown with the flaps 5, 6 in place.

A sa partie aval, la plate-forme 7, 7a comporte une chape fixe 11 sur laquelle est articulé autour d'un axe 12 un bossage 13 prévu sur le bord aval du volet aval 6.At its downstream part, the platform 7, 7a comprises a fixed yoke 11 on which is articulated around an axis 12 a boss 13 provided on the downstream edge of the downstream flap 6.

Le volet amont 5 est en appui par son bord aval 5a contre le bord amont 6a du volet aval 6 sous la pression des gaz. De plus, il est prévu un doigt 5b en appui contre le bord amont du volet 6.The upstream flap 5 is supported by its downstream edge 5a against the upstream edge 6a of the downstream flap 6 under the gas pressure. In addition, a finger 5b is provided to bear against the upstream edge of the flap 6.

A proximité du bord amont du volet aval 6 (figures 1 et 4), il est prévu un bossage 14 sur lequel est articulée autour d'un axe 15 l'une des extrémités d'une tige de commande 16 montée coulissante dans un alésage 17 d'un bossage 18 fixé sur le carter 2 et incliné sur ledit carter. A son autre extrémité, la tige 16 porte une chape 19 sur laquelle est montée de façon articulée autour d'axes 20 une autre chape 21 (figures 1, 5, 6) prévue à l'une des extrémités de l'une des branches d'un levier coudé 22 monté de façon pivotante autour d'un axe 23 fixé sur une chape 24 solidaire du bossage 18.Near the upstream edge of the downstream flap 6 (FIGS. 1 and 4), there is provided a boss 14 on which is articulated around an axis 15 one of the ends of a control rod 16 slidably mounted in a bore 17 a boss 18 fixed on the casing 2 and inclined on said casing. At its other end, the rod 16 carries a yoke 19 on which is pivotally mounted around axes 20 another yoke 21 (Figures 1, 5, 6) provided at one end of one of the branches of 'a bent lever 22 pivotally mounted about an axis 23 fixed on a yoke 24 integral with the boss 18.

A l'une des extrémités de l'autre branche du levier coudé 22, est fixé un axe 24Qportant un galet rotatif 25 engagé dans une échancrure 26 d'un anneau de commande 27 monté sur le carter 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un anneau de guidage 28. Sur l'un des bords des volets 5, 6, il est prévu une cloison d'étanchéité 5c et 6c (figures 2 et 3) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan du volet et permettant de limiter. le débit de fuite.At one end of the other branch of the bent lever 22, is fixed an axis 24Q carrying a rotary roller 25 engaged in a notch 26 of a control ring 27 mounted on the housing 2 by means of a ring guide 28. On one of the edges of the flaps 5, 6, a sealing partition 5c and 6c is provided (FIGS. 2 and 3) extending perpendicular to the plane of the flap and making it possible to limit. the leak rate.

La même plate-forme 7, 7a qui porte les chapes 8, 11 présente une fente 29 recevant les cloisons 5c et 6c d'étanchéité des volets 5, 6.The same platform 7, 7a which carries the yokes 8, 11 has a slot 29 receiving the partitions 5c and 6c for sealing the flaps 5, 6.

Ainsi qu'il est représenté aux figures 1 et 2, les volets 5, 6 sont en position"col fermé",le canal entre les aubes 1 étant partiellement obturé par lesdits volets. Si l'anneau de commande 27 est déplacé en rotation, il provoque le basculement du levier coudé 22 suivant la flèche F et le déplacement de la tige 16 suivant la flèche F1, de telle sorte que les volets 5 et 6 s'escamotent dans l'alignement de la veine en position "col ouvert".As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the flaps 5, 6 are in the "closed neck" position, the channel between the blades 1 being partially closed by said flaps. If the com ring mande 27 is moved in rotation, it causes the tilting of the bent lever 22 according to arrow F and the displacement of rod 16 according to arrow F1, so that the flaps 5 and 6 retract in alignment with the vein in the "open neck" position.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitative et l'homme de l'art pourra y apporter des modifications sans sortir pour cela du domaine de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limiting and those skilled in the art may make modifications to it without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Dispositif de variation de section du col d'un distributeur de turbine, du genre comportant au moins un élèment mobile situé en position radiale externe et dont les déplacements radiaux règlent la hauteur de la veine des gaz, caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque canal prévu entre deux aubes adjacentes (1) et à proximité de la paroi de la veine extérieure, il est prévu deux volets (5, 6) situés à la suite l'un de l'autre et qui sont articulés l'un (5) par son bord amont (10) et l'autre (6) par son bord aval (11) sur le carter externe (2) du distributeur, l'un des volets amont (5) étant maintenu en appui par la pression des gaz par son bord aval (5a) sur le bord amont (6a) du volet aval (6) et le volet aval (6) étant articulé autour d'un axe (15) par ledit bord amont sur un organe de commande (16), de telle sorte que, en position "col ouvert", les volets (5, 6) s'escamotent dans l'alignement de la paroi de la veine et, en position "col fermé", le canal est partiellement obturé par lesdits volets (5, 6).1. Device for varying the section of the neck of a turbine distributor, of the type comprising at least one movable element situated in an external radial position and the radial displacements of which regulate the height of the gas stream, characterized in that, in each channel provided between two adjacent blades (1) and close to the wall of the external vein, there are two flaps (5, 6) located one after the other and which are articulated one (5 ) by its upstream edge (10) and the other (6) by its downstream edge (11) on the external casing (2) of the distributor, one of the upstream flaps (5) being held in abutment by the pressure of the gases by its downstream edge (5a) on the upstream edge (6a) of the downstream flap (6) and the downstream flap (6) being articulated around an axis (15) by said upstream edge on a control member (16), so that, in the "open neck" position, the flaps (5, 6) retract in alignment with the wall of the vein and, in the "closed neck" position, the channel is partially closed by lesdi ts shutters (5, 6). 2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur l'axe d'articulation (15) du volet aval (6), est montée l'une des extrémités d'une tige (16) de commande montée coulissante dans un bossage (18) fixé sur le carter externe (2) du distributeur, ladite tige étant articulée à son autre extrémité sur l'une des branches d'un levier coudé de renvoi (22) monté pivotant dans sa partie centrale sur une chape (24) solidaire du carter externe (2) du distributeur, l'autre branche du levier (22) présentant un galet (25) qui est engagé dans une échancrure (26) d'un anneau de commande (27) monté sur le carter (2).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that, on the articulation axis (15) of the downstream flap (6), is mounted one of the ends of a control rod (16) slidably mounted in a boss (18) fixed on the external casing (2) of the distributor, said rod being articulated at its other end on one of the branches of a bent return lever (22) pivotally mounted in its central part on a yoke (24 ) integral with the external casing (2) of the distributor, the other branch of the lever (22) having a roller (25) which is engaged in a notch (26) of a control ring (27) mounted on the casing (2 ). 3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque volet (5, 6) est muni d'une cloison d'étanchéité (Sc, 6c) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan du volet et permettant de limiter le débit de fuite.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each flap (5, 6) is provided with a partition sealing (Sc, 6c) extending perpendicular to the plane of the flap and making it possible to limit the leakage rate. 4. Dispositif suivant les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que les volets (5, 6) sont articulés autour d'axes (9, 12) fixés sur des chapes (8, 11) solidaires d'une plateforme (7, 7a) des aubes (1) fixée sur le carter externe (2), ladite plateforme 7, 7a) présentant une fente (29) recevant la cloison d'étanchéité (5c, 6c) des volets (5, 6).4. Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the flaps (5, 6) are articulated around axes (9, 12) fixed on yokes (8, 11) integral with a platform (7, 7a ) vanes (1) fixed on the external casing (2), said platform 7, 7a) having a slot (29) receiving the sealing partition (5c, 6c) of the flaps (5, 6).
EP86400191A 1985-02-06 1986-01-30 Device for varying the cross-section of a turbine stator Expired EP0191687B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8501618 1985-02-06
FR8501618A FR2576974B1 (en) 1985-02-06 1985-02-06 DEVICE FOR VARIING THE SECTION OF THE NECK OF A TURBINE DISTRIBUTOR

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EP0191687A1 true EP0191687A1 (en) 1986-08-20
EP0191687B1 EP0191687B1 (en) 1988-11-09

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EP (1) EP0191687B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3661146D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2576974B1 (en)

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WO2008065447A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Parsons Brinckerhoff Limited Flow control device

Also Published As

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FR2576974A1 (en) 1986-08-08
DE3661146D1 (en) 1988-12-15
FR2576974B1 (en) 1989-02-03
US4664594A (en) 1987-05-12
EP0191687B1 (en) 1988-11-09

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