Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
  • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
  • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps

Definitions

• This invention is concerned with a voltage capa- citive transformer, the basic feature of wich is the possibility of obtaining sub-multiples of a given input
• an inductive transformer is usually employed, in addiction to rectifying diodes and levelling capacitors.
• inductive transformer is the use of ohmic-drop resistors at hight dissipation, which consequently allow a very
• the switchin system is employed. But this method doesn't allow for re
• capacitive multipliers are a_l
• multipliers can work only with
• the main aim of the present invention is to provide
• a further aim of the present invention is to obtain this negative booster (in voltage) by transferring the power to the greatest efficiency, with ayield near 100%.
• Another aim of the invention is to eliminate the damaging scattering magnetic fields.
• Yet another aim of the present invention is to allow large voltage drops, and the use of the economical S.C.R.s, with simple fittings.
• a possible aim of the present invention is to provide a circuit wich allows for the total separation of
• the appliance from the power supply.
• a capacitive transformer composed of a voltage divider, made up of capacitors and diodes connected in such a way
• the transformer provides performances analogous to the behavior
• the capacitive transformer is made up of an electronic circuit wich is put into action by switching the connections, according to
• a multiple divider is
• wich is thus composed of three diodes and a capacitor.
• a divider by "N” is obtained con necting "N-1" iterative cells in cascades, and closing the free ends on either one of both poles: directly, if a
• N 3(N-1) .It is possi ⁇ ble,moreover,to connect two divider groups in cascades ob tained as described above,whether they be sum dividers or
• nominators,obviously a single frequency generator will be sufficient to control both the stages,and the successive dividers can be made up of capacitive autotransformers ac cording to the present invention.
• Fig.l represents the well-known diagram of the working of the charge and discharge of a capacitor
• Fig.2 is the schematic diagram of a synchronous total separator according to the present invention.
• Fig.3 illustrates a basic unit or "adder" stage
• Fig.4 is the plan of a capacitive auto-transformer divider by two, according to the invention.
• Fig.5 indicates the diagram of a multiple divider by a sum of denominators
• Fig.6 shows an example of a divider by three
• Fig.7 illustrates the diagram of a divider by "N" with iterative cells
• Fig.8 is the complete diagram of a capacitive tran sformer
• Fig.9 is a block diagram of -a divider by.a product: 15. of denominators.
• Fig.l is shown the mechanism of a capacitor's charging and discharging process, and how in the same way the principle of the separator has been de e loped. 20
• the switch S in position A charges the capacitor
• Fig.2 represents a synchronous separator circuit M, with double electronic switches S.A and S.B, controlled
• V. is a D.C. voltage, obtained in any way, as for instance that of the mains at 50 or 60 p.p.s., rectified
• the frequency generator G.f one can also use the mains frequency, by previously squaring; and eventually using an optocoupler for the control.
• Fig.3 Illustrates a basic unit E, or adder stage, which is composed of three diodes D 1 , D_, D-., placed in
• a basic unit E is shown, so that a multi ⁇ ple divider H may be produced; which is, in effect, a reproduction of the divider by two H_ , as in Fig.4, where instead of the capacitors C, and G-,, two divider sets H' and H" have been placed and ringed; these can be dividers " 10 by one (capacitors C. or G-,) or by two (H-,), generating dividers by three or four, in a first phase. These last ones, in their turn, can be added in pairs, putting them in the places H' and H" of the ' circuit in Fig.5, deriving dividers by five, six, seven and eight; carrying on this
• Fig.6 is an example of a divider by three Hvisor, obtained by substituting in the set in Fig.5 a divider by two in the place H", and a divider by one, that is a capa
• D- is bridged by C_, and C 's current of discharge.
• the circuit is closed with a capacitor (C' or C'
• a divider by one that is a capacitor, whether C' or C'
• a divider by one that is a capacitor, whether C' or C'
• This configuration has the characteristic that the discharge current of every capacitor bridges a maxi ⁇ mum of two diode, and every diode is bridged by the current 20. of a single capacitor; this fact is an advantage for low voltages and strong currents.
• V V./N.
• the aforesaid V is a pulsating voltage, for .in ⁇
• the rectifier in a capaciti ve transformer according to the invention,precedes the group H or Q while, in the case of conventional power 15. supplies, it follows the inductive transformer: this allows for the use of two simple diodes like the first separator (S.A),when using themains frequency,thus including the function of the rectifier as well.
• capa_itive voltage transformer as described, usually be ⁇ tween 5 to 50 Vol s, converting it from the alternating mains voltage, which is normally 220 Volts, without nota ⁇ ble power loss and without using any inductive transformer.
• the maximum deliverable current depends upon which 25. electronic components are used, and on the order of 10 or 15 Amperes, or more ; last, special components are not
• Fig.9 a block-diagram is shown, as an example of a capacitive transformer with dividers by the product
• the first block T_ represents a capacitive tran ⁇ sformer divider by three; the second block is a simple divider by four H,, followed by a single switch S.B con ⁇ trolled in its turn by the frequency generator G.f inclu

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Rectifiers (AREA)

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• 1984
  • 1984-08-23 IT IT12588/84A patent/IT1180809B/it active
• 1985
  • 1985-07-16 WO PCT/IT1985/000018 patent/WO1986001653A1/en unknown
  • 1985-07-16 EP EP85903363A patent/EP0191032A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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