EP0189390B1 - Zerstäubungsdüse für flüssigen Brennstoff - Google Patents
Zerstäubungsdüse für flüssigen Brennstoff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0189390B1 EP0189390B1 EP86890003A EP86890003A EP0189390B1 EP 0189390 B1 EP0189390 B1 EP 0189390B1 EP 86890003 A EP86890003 A EP 86890003A EP 86890003 A EP86890003 A EP 86890003A EP 0189390 B1 EP0189390 B1 EP 0189390B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- insert body
- shaft
- annular
- flow channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/34—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means or other kinds of vibrations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a nozzle for atomizing a fluid medium, in particular coal dust suspended in a liquid, such as water, by means of a gas or a gas mixture, such as air, with two ring nozzles arranged coaxially to one another on the end face of an approximately hollow cylindrical nozzle housing, in which Nozzle housing is also an approximately hollow cylindrical insert body and in the interior an axially aligned, central shaft, which is formed at its free end with a baffle plate, are arranged and through the inner surface of the nozzle housing an outer, cross-sectionally annular first flow channel for a first fluid medium and outside of the shaft, an inner, second flow channel, which is also ring-shaped in cross section, for a second fluid medium is formed within the outer flow channel.
- a nozzle is known from DE-A-1 946 040.
- DE-A-1 964 040 discloses different nozzles for mixing and atomizing at least two fluid media, in particular for producing flammable mixtures of fluid media.
- these known nozzles do not meet the requirements if the mixture to be atomized has only a low ignitability, as is the case, for example, for coal dust suspended in water.
- various technologies for burning coal dust are known.
- the particular difficulties with the combustion of coal dust lie in the fact that the dry storage of coal dust poses a high risk of explosion. In order to avoid this danger, it has been proposed to suspend coal dust in water.
- the combustion of coal dust suspended in water causes problems because this mixture has only a very low ignitability.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a nozzle for atomizing a fluid medium, by means of which the disadvantages inherent in the known nozzles are avoided.
- This object is achieved in that the outer flow channel opens into an annular groove which is provided in the region of the free end of the insert body and is obliquely open to the outside in relation to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle housing and acts as a vibration generator and to which the first annular nozzle is connected, and that between the Insert body and the shaft, a second insert body is arranged, wherein a first annular space is formed between the inner surface of the first insert body and the outer surface of the second insert body, which is connected via channels oriented tangentially to the axis with the second flow channel surrounding the shaft and designed as a second annular space .
- the second insert body is preferably held between a first annular shoulder surface provided on the inner surface of the first insert body and a second annular shoulder surface provided on the outer surface of the base of the shaft.
- the shaft can be designed with a significantly enlarged cross-section at its end region facing away from the free end, a central bore being arranged in this end region, from which at least one obliquely outwardly extending channel emerges, which opens into the second flow channel surrounding the shaft.
- the second insert body can be formed with a group or with a plurality of groups of transverse channels which are located at an axial distance from one another, which start from the first annular space and open tangentially to the outer wall of the flow channel surrounding the shaft.
- an axially adjustable sleeve with a cylindrical ring surface projecting beyond the surface of the nozzle orifices is arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle housing and the baffle plate located at the free end of the shaft is detachably fastened to the latter.
- Such an atomizing nozzle is preferably used in a device for the combustion of fluid media, in particular of powdery or granular solid fuels suspended in a liquid, such as coal suspended in water, which device has a combustion chamber, a pre-combustion chamber which merges into the combustion chamber and is formed with an atomizing nozzle arranged in the pre-combustion chamber.
- a method for operating such a device according to the invention is that a small part of the combustion air is introduced into the pre-combustion chamber in the region of the mouth of the nozzle and that a large part of the combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber in the region of the transition of the pre-combustion chamber.
- the fluid, combustible medium is sprayed through the atomizing nozzle into the pre-combustion chamber, with the result that only a small part of the air required for the combustion of the medium is introduced into the pre-combustion chamber, in which a substoichiometric combustion takes place, by which the Medium is heated. Furthermore, the combustible medium in the pre-combustion chamber is mixed with the air as well as with combustion gases flowing back from the combustion chamber and with partially burned fuel particles, whereby an easily combustible oxidation product is formed, which after it has passed from the pre-combustion chamber into the combustion chamber after supplying the air required for the combustion optimal burning process guaranteed.
- the optimization of the combustion process is ensured by achieving the high temperatures required for complete combustion and by mixing the flammable media well with the air required for the combustion. Since the stoichiometric flame does not form at the atomizing nozzle but only at the transition of the pre-combustion chamber into the combustion chamber, high thermal and oxidation-related loads on the burner nozzle are avoided, which significantly increases their service life (service life). Furthermore, such a pre-combustion and the subsequent main combustion prevent the formation of temperature peaks which cause the formation of nitrogen oxides, which also results in a combustion with little formation of nitrogen oxides.
- the preparation of the media in the pre-combustion chamber required for different fuels can be adjusted by regulating the combustion air supplied to this or the combustion chamber and also by selecting the size of the pre-combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the application for the combustion of liquid media, in particular solid fuels which are suspended in a liquid, such as water, in powder or granular form.
- This device consists of a burner chamber 1, which encloses a combustion chamber 2.
- the combustion nozzle 20 does not protrude into the combustion chamber 2, but rather an additional pre-combustion chamber 4 is provided which encloses a pre-combustion chamber 5, the combustion nozzle 20 projecting into the pre-combustion chamber 5.
- a first part of the combustion air is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber 4 in the region of the mouth of the nozzle 20 by means of a first air duct 7.
- the second part of the combustion air is supplied via a second air duct 8 and an annular duct 10 via transverse ducts 11 and via nozzles 12, which open into the combustion chamber 1 in the region of the transition from the pre-combustion chamber 4.
- the much larger proportion of combustion air required for proper combustion is supplied via the second air duct 8.
- flaps 9 are provided, by means of which control of the air supply is effected in accordance with the requirements.
- the function of this combustion device is as follows:
- the fluid, combustible medium such as coal suspended in a liquid, for example water, is introduced through the burner nozzle 20 into the pre-combustion chamber 4 in a finely atomized state.
- a liquid for example water
- the Pre-combustion chamber 5 Through the first air channel 7 in the area of the mouth of the nozzle 20 in the Pre-combustion chamber 5 introduced part of the combustion air required for the combustion.
- a preparation namely a mixture. Inflammation and heating of the combustible media occurs due to the fact that insufficient combustion air is available, a sub-stoichiometric combustion of the combustible media introduced, as a result of which they are heated.
- the combustible media are prepared for an optimization of the combustion process in the combustion chamber 2.
- this fuel conditioned in this way passes into the combustion chamber 2, the latter are passed through the second air duct 8, the ring duct 10, the transverse ducts 11 and through the nozzles 12 a complete and proper combustion required amounts of combustion air supplied.
- a stable flame 15 is formed in the combustion chamber 2, through which the combustible media are completely combusted while the temperatures required for this are developed.
- the ratio of the proportions of air that is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber 4 or the combustion chamber 1 is between 5% to 95% to 30% to 70%, preferably 10% to 90% to 40% to 60%.
- a nozzle according to the invention consists of an essentially hollow cylindrical nozzle housing 21 which is formed from two housing parts 21a and 21b which are screwed together, the housing part 21a associated with the nozzle opening having an inwardly directed flange 22 at its free end is trained.
- An essentially likewise hollow-cylindrical insert body 30 is in the nozzle housing 21 used. Inside the insert body 30 there is a shaft 40 which is formed with a baffle plate 41 at its free end.
- a second insert body 36 is inserted, by means of which this annular space is divided into two coaxial annular spaces 37 and 38.
- the second insert body 36 is held between a first shoulder provided on the inner wall of the first insert body 30 and a second shoulder provided on the widened base 40a of the shaft 40. Furthermore, the first insert body 30 is formed in the front region of the nozzle housing 21 with a groove 31 which is open at an angle to the nozzle axis and into which the annular flange 22 projects.
- first flow channel 26 with an annular cross section, which is deflected inwards by the annular flange 22 and which opens into the groove 31 arranged in the first insert body 30.
- a first ring nozzle 28 is formed between the flange 22 and the outer wall of the first insert body 30.
- a first annular space 37 is formed, which is provided in the second insert body 36.
- transverse channels 39 are connected to the second annular space 38 surrounding the shaft 40.
- the second annular space 38 opens into a second annular nozzle 29.
- the supply of the outer first flow channel 26 takes place through a first ring channel 27.
- the supply of the first ring space 37 takes place through a second ring channel 45 lying concentrically within the first ring channel 27 and the supply of the second ring space 38 takes place through oblique bores 43 which have a cross section widened Push through base 40a of shaft 40 from a central channel 44.
- a sleeve 24 which is formed with a cylindrical edge 24a surrounding the plane of the nozzle orifices.
- the position of the sleeve 24 relative to the housing part 21a can be adjusted by means of a spacer ring 25.
- the baffle plate 41 arranged at the free end of the shaft 40 represents a separate component from the shaft 40, which is fastened to the shaft 40, for example by means of a screw sleeve 42.
- the second insert body 36 is formed in a plane normal to the axis with transverse channels 39 which open into the second annular space 38 tangentially to the outer wall thereof.
- the radially inner central channel 44 is charged with a first fluid medium, for example with a coal-water suspension, which passes through the bores 43 into the second annular space 38 surrounding the shaft 40.
- the second ring channel 45 is charged with a pressure medium, for example with a pressure gas such as compressed air. This enters the first annular space 37 and passes through the transverse channels 39 into the second annular space 38, in which an intensive swirling and mixing of the fluid medium located therein takes place due to the tangential outlet of the pressure medium.
- This mixture is conveyed axially forwards by the pressure prevailing in the second annular space 38 and passes through the inner second annular nozzle 29 to the inside of the baffle plate 41, where it is conveyed radially while maintaining the swirl movement.
- a second pressure medium is conveyed through the radially outermost first annular channel 27 and the adjoining first flow channel 26, which enters the groove 31 at the front end of the flow channel 26, which, since the groove 31 acts as a Hartmann vibration generator, generates an oscillation field , through which the mixture emerging from the radially inner second annular space 38 through the inner, second annular nozzle 29 is atomized and conveyed away from the nozzle in the form of a cone.
- the design of the nozzle cone can be influenced by the position of the sleeve 24 or by the size of the cylindrical inner surface 24a.
- the baffle plate 41 Since the baffle plate 41 is releasably attached to the shaft 40, it can be made of very hard and resistant material. It can also be replaced in the event of wear. The baffle plate 41 also intensively cools the baffle plate 41. Since this baffle plate 41 is carried by the centrally arranged shaft 40, the inner, second ring nozzle 29 is formed and the arrangement of webs for holding the baffle plate 41 can be dispensed with, as a result of which Vortex movement or the swirl of the fluid medium emerging through the inner ring nozzle 29 is not broken.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT198/85 | 1985-01-25 | ||
| AT19885 | 1985-01-25 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0189390A2 EP0189390A2 (de) | 1986-07-30 |
| EP0189390A3 EP0189390A3 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| EP0189390B1 true EP0189390B1 (de) | 1991-09-25 |
Family
ID=3484082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86890003A Expired - Lifetime EP0189390B1 (de) | 1985-01-25 | 1986-01-08 | Zerstäubungsdüse für flüssigen Brennstoff |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4728285A (cs) |
| EP (1) | EP0189390B1 (cs) |
| JP (1) | JPS61173016A (cs) |
| CN (1) | CN1005359B (cs) |
| AT (1) | ATE67836T1 (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA1257145A (cs) |
| CZ (1) | CZ278957B6 (cs) |
| DD (1) | DD241639A5 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE3681601D1 (cs) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102032566A (zh) * | 2009-09-27 | 2011-04-27 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | 一种煤粉燃烧器和具有该煤粉燃烧器的锅炉 |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62206313A (ja) * | 1986-03-05 | 1987-09-10 | Hitachi Ltd | 固体粒子を含む液体状燃料の燃焼装置 |
| US5257927A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-11-02 | Holman Boiler Works, Inc. | Low NOx burner |
| US5603906A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1997-02-18 | Holman Boiler Works, Inc. | Low NOx burner |
| RU2089785C1 (ru) * | 1993-03-22 | 1997-09-10 | Холман Бойлер Уокс, Инк. | Горелка, приспособленная для снижения выделения ядовитых газов (варианты) и способ оптимизации сгорания |
| AT509017B1 (de) * | 2009-11-02 | 2012-05-15 | Ctp-Dumag Gmbh | Brennerdüse |
| DE102009054312A1 (de) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-26 | Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Flüssigkeiten |
| CN101846313A (zh) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-09-29 | 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 | 用优质煤粉做辅助燃料的带有预燃室的煤粉工业锅炉 |
| US8551222B2 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2013-10-08 | Fisonic Holding Limited | Apparatus for combustion products utilization and heat generation |
| FR2989478B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-05-15 | Veolia Proprete | Dispositif de regulation du debit d'un fluide dans une canalisation d'un reseau de canalisations |
| CN103836618B (zh) * | 2014-02-26 | 2016-03-09 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 | 一种浓淡相一次风速可调节直流煤粉燃烧器 |
| CN104100375A (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-10-15 | 戴跃东 | 热回收负压动力发动机 |
| AT521116B1 (de) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-03-15 | Cs Comb Solutions Gmbh | Zerstäubungsdüse |
| CN108954318B (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-08-25 | 国电环境保护研究院有限公司 | 气体燃料轴向分级预混燃烧特性的分析***和分析方法 |
| CN109539244B (zh) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-08-18 | 西安交通大学 | 一种四墙切圆多层布置式煤粉预燃装置 |
| CN113048472A (zh) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-06-29 | 山西文龙中美环能科技股份有限公司 | 一种燃煤锅炉调峰的气油共用引燃煤粉稳燃器和稳燃方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB827627A (en) * | 1956-02-25 | 1960-02-10 | Heurtey & Cie | Improvements in or relating to oxidation devices |
| GB917706A (en) * | 1958-02-07 | 1963-02-06 | Karoly Peredi | Burner |
| US3174527A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1965-03-23 | Zink Co John | Combination oil and/or gaseous fuel burner |
| GB1293360A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1972-10-18 | Dumag Offen Handels Ges Dr Tec | Method of and apparatus for mixing compressible fluid media |
| US3936275A (en) * | 1971-03-10 | 1976-02-03 | Societe Anonyme: Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Apparatus for the combustion of sulphur |
| US3748087A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1973-07-24 | Pyronics Inc | Burner apparatus and method for flame propagation control |
| DE2243813A1 (de) * | 1972-09-07 | 1974-03-14 | Robert Von Dipl Ing Linde | Brenner zur erzeugung heisser flammen |
| GB1453473A (en) * | 1972-10-14 | 1976-10-20 | Davy Powergas Gmbh | Method for atomising waste sulphuric acid and acid-cracking furnaces equipped with ultrasonic atomisers |
| ATA871674A (de) * | 1974-10-30 | 1978-01-15 | Dumag Ohg | Einrichtung zum verbrennen von schwer brennbaren, fliessfahigen stoffen und stoffgemischen |
| JPS5344109U (cs) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-04-15 | ||
| JPS53141931A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-12-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Plural-rotation burner |
| JPS53141932A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-12-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Radial flame roof burner |
| JPS5414028A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1979-02-01 | Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd | Low nox burner |
| JPS587884A (ja) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | フリツプチツプ形半導体装置 |
| SE8202066L (sv) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-01 | Boliden Ab | Atomiseringsforfarande och -anordning |
| US4616784A (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1986-10-14 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Slurry atomizer |
-
1985
- 1985-12-24 JP JP60289559A patent/JPS61173016A/ja active Granted
- 1985-12-27 US US06/814,106 patent/US4728285A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1986
- 1986-01-08 DE DE8686890003T patent/DE3681601D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-01-08 EP EP86890003A patent/EP0189390B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-01-08 AT AT86890003T patent/ATE67836T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-14 CZ CS86298A patent/CZ278957B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-18 CN CN86100280.6A patent/CN1005359B/zh not_active Expired
- 1986-01-23 DD DD86286427A patent/DD241639A5/de unknown
- 1986-01-24 CA CA000500287A patent/CA1257145A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102032566A (zh) * | 2009-09-27 | 2011-04-27 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | 一种煤粉燃烧器和具有该煤粉燃烧器的锅炉 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4728285A (en) | 1988-03-01 |
| JPS61173016A (ja) | 1986-08-04 |
| EP0189390A2 (de) | 1986-07-30 |
| DE3681601D1 (de) | 1991-10-31 |
| JPH0463286B2 (cs) | 1992-10-09 |
| CA1257145A (en) | 1989-07-11 |
| CZ278957B6 (en) | 1994-10-19 |
| DD241639A5 (de) | 1986-12-17 |
| CN1005359B (zh) | 1989-10-04 |
| EP0189390A3 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| CN86100280A (zh) | 1986-07-30 |
| CS29886A3 (en) | 1992-11-18 |
| ATE67836T1 (de) | 1991-10-15 |
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