EP0187609B1 - Apparatus for the rotating feeding of a cast to a vertical continuous-casting plant for spheroidal graphite cast iron tubes - Google Patents

Apparatus for the rotating feeding of a cast to a vertical continuous-casting plant for spheroidal graphite cast iron tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187609B1
EP0187609B1 EP85470001A EP85470001A EP0187609B1 EP 0187609 B1 EP0187609 B1 EP 0187609B1 EP 85470001 A EP85470001 A EP 85470001A EP 85470001 A EP85470001 A EP 85470001A EP 0187609 B1 EP0187609 B1 EP 0187609B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cast iron
crucible
molten cast
iron
reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85470001A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0187609A1 (en
Inventor
Yves Gourmel
Michel Pierrel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pont a Mousson SA
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Pont a Mousson SA
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Publication of EP0187609A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187609A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/116—Refining the metal
    • B22D11/118—Refining the metal by circulating the metal under, over or around weirs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the vertical upward continuous casting of a spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe, without the use of a core to form the pipe cavity.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device for supplying liquid iron to a tubular die giving the external shape of the pipe, either from a siphon block (source supply), or from a ladle. under low gas pressure.
  • the problem is posed of rotating a mass of liquid cast iron, at a speed lower than the centrifugation speed, with the aim of homogenizing and regulating the supply, inside a cooled tubular die. and fixed, giving the external shape of the tube to be generated, without the use of a core.
  • the problem is to maintain a permanent movement of rotation of the liquid iron in the fixed and cooled tubular die in order to regularize the thickness of the iron tube obtained on each circular section of this tube and thus obtain inner walls and completely concentric exterior.
  • the invention relates to a device for feeding a fixed tubular die, which solves this problem.
  • This rotary liquid iron supply device for a vertical continuous casting installation of a spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe, comprising a cooled die constituting a crucible-reservoir for liquid cast iron, crucible from which a cast iron pipe to spheroidal graphite must be generated, and means for rotating the mass of liquid iron contained in said crucible-reservoir, is characterized in that the crucible-reservoir of liquid iron has a central refractory relief of the same vertical axis as the crucible -tank to reduce the mass of liquid iron to an annular mass.
  • said impulse or rotation means are hydraulic means.
  • the device of the invention is then characterized in that it comprises at the base of the crucible-reservoir at least one tangential inlet conduit for liquid iron which opens into the crucible-reservoir for liquid iron.
  • This tangential supply of liquid iron can be subjected to rhythmic pulsations which favor a slow rotation of the liquid iron.
  • These means for rotating may also be gaseous, with the use of a gaseous fluid chemically inert with respect to the cast iron (argon, nitrogen).
  • said means are magnetic.
  • the supply device of the invention is characterized in that it comprises magnetic means housed inside the hollow central relief providing, with the cooled die, an annular chamber of liquid iron, over a higher height. to that of the annular volume of liquid cast iron, in order to create a magnetic field rotating around the axis of the die and of the central relief over the entire height of the annular mass of liquid cast iron.
  • the impulse or rotary drive means are mechanical.
  • the rotary feeding device of the invention is characterized in that it internally has a hollow central relief, in the axis and through the cavity thereof, a vertical rotating shaft carrying at its part upper of the vertical arms of refractory material immersed in the annular mass of liquid cast iron in order to cause it to rotate.
  • the invention is applied to the continuous upward casting of a cast iron pipe T, said pipe being thin because the thickness / diameter ratio is low, less than 10%.
  • the thickness of the barrel, i.e. of the tubular part already centering at nesting does not exceed 15 mm for a diameter of 1000 mm, 8 mm for a diameter of 300 mm and 5 mm for a diameter of 80 mm.
  • a teapot-type pressure casting ladle with a filler neck 2, oblique, closed by a cover 3 contains liquid iron F.
  • a vertical pouring tube 4 made of refractory material passes through the upper wall of the closed teapot pocket 1. The tube 4 plunges almost to the bottom of the pocket 1 and rises well above the upper wall of the pocket to lead into the crucible-reservoir of the cooled die, described below, below which is placed the ladle 1.
  • the ascending pouring tube 4 is tightly connected with the upper wall of the teapot ladle by a frustoconical nozzle 5 with flange, of axis XX like the tube 4.
  • the frustoconical nozzle 5 is also used for the connection of the ascending flow 4 of axis XX with the siphon block described below.
  • the tangential orifice 18 has a smaller cross-sectional area than that of the ascending pouring tube 4.
  • the base 6 serves as a support for the vertical casting conduit constituted by a vertical chimney 9 of axis YY parallel to the axis XX of the tube of vertical pouring 4.
  • the vertical chimney 9 communicates at its lower part with the horizontal leg of the pouring duct 7 and ends at its upper part with a pouring funnel 10 of axis YY.
  • the height of the chimney 9 is equal to that of the crucible-reservoir or of the die which is discussed below.
  • the chimney 9 and the crucible-tank form communicating vessels.
  • the horizontal duct 7 for casting has a diameter smaller than that of the tube 4. This supply assembly 6-7-9-10 is called blocksiphon.
  • the base 6 of the siphon block carries a crucible constituted by a tubular die 11 in graphite of axis XX and by the base 6 itself constituting an uncooled bottom of the tank 12 .
  • the die 11 is cooled externally by a jacket 13, for example made of copper, with circulation of cooling water which enters via a pipe 14 and leaves via a pipe 15.
  • the jacket 13, in contact with the die 11, is arranged so as to wrap the die 11 over almost its entire height with the exception, however, of its lower part which remains uncooled.
  • an annular support plate 16 of the liner 13, made of refractory material, for example of the silico-aluminous type, therefore thermally insulating, is interposed between the liner 13 and the base 6, in order to avoid cooling of the base 6 by the cooling jacket 13.
  • the volume of the crucible-reservoir 11-6 constituted by the die 11 and the base 6 is substantially reduced and reduced to an annular volume by a central relief 17 of axis XX, coaxial with the pouring tube ascending 4, and crossed by it.
  • the use of the central relief 17 is particularly advantageous for the casting of a tube T of large diameter.
  • the central relief 17 is an integral part of the siphon block 6-7-9-10 and of the crucible-reservoir constituted by the combination of the base 6 and the cooled tubular die 11.
  • the central frustoconical relief 17 has a large base, au- below the support constituted by the base 6, of diameter substantially less than the internal diameter that one wants to obtain for the tube T to be formed.
  • the small upper base of the frustoconical central relief 17 has a diameter substantially smaller than that of the cavity of the pipe T to be obtained.
  • the relief 17 is advantageous for the relief 17 to be higher than the die 11 because this makes it possible to limit the volume of liquid iron to an annular space over the entire height of the die 11 whereas if the central relief 17 was significantly lower than the die 11 there would be liquid iron above the top of the relief 17 and therefore an unnecessary excess of liquid iron.
  • the central relief 17 is hollowed right through, from its upper face to the lower face of the base 6 by a cylindrical cavity for the passage of the complementary pouring tube of the frustoconical nozzle 5 which adjusts in this interlocking.
  • the tangential orifice 18 of the pouring duct 7 in L opens at the bottom, that is to say near the bottom of the annular volume of the crucible-reservoir 6-11, tangentially.
  • the section for the passage of liquid iron through the vertical pouring tube 4 is as large as possible (axial supply of liquid iron under gas pressure)
  • the extractor of the cast iron pipe being formed is not shown. It comprises a means for gripping the nascent cast iron pipe, for example a tubular mannequin or steel sleeve as described in patent application 84 00 382, said gripping means or mannequin M being caught between rollers or rollers E of guidance and drive up.
  • the latter For attaching or securing the nascent tube T to the mannequin M, the latter comprises a dovetail notch M1.
  • Non-rotating main supply, under gas pressure, to fill the crucible-tank with die 11 and bottom 12 with cast iron F pressurized fluid is introduced through the conduit 32 into the teapot pocket 3.
  • the cast iron F rises to- above the central relief 17, pours into the annular space between the central relief 17 and the die 11 and rises in the vertical chimney 9 where the liquid iron is introduced from the orifice 18 and the horizontal leg of the conduit of casting 7.
  • the mannequin M is introduced into the die 11 from above. While the die 11 is not cooled at its lower end, it is instead cooled over most of its height, to its upper end, by the cooling jacket 13.
  • the cast iron therefore solidifies at contact of the die in increasing thickness up to the mannequin M in contact with which it solidifies and on which it is hooked by the notch M1.
  • the mannequin M is then pulled upwards by rollers or rollers E for driving and guiding.
  • the rollers E driven by a stepping motor, cause the dummy M to rise in spurts.
  • the mannequin M drives the solidified part of the iron upwards, step by step.
  • the temperature of the liquid cast iron contained in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 is homogenized and the thickness of the pipe T is regulated on the circular section of the barrel of the pipe T in training.
  • Said circular section therefore has perfectly concentric inner and outer walls.
  • the upward extraction of the solidified T pipe is carried out discontinuously, step by step, as described in patent application 8 400 382.
  • the barrel primer of the T pipe lengthens at each climb stroke printed by the rollers or rollers E according to a constant thickness over the entire circular section of the barrel, thanks to the slow rotation due to the tangential supply of liquid iron by the vertical chimney 9 and the orifice tangential 18.
  • the homogenization of the bath temperature is to a certain extent linked to the regularization of the thickness of the barrel formed with slow rotation of the liquid iron due to the solidification process of the liquid iron.
  • the iron is a eutectic liquid, the solidification is very different from that of steels during solidification, the cast iron does not undergo the phenomenon of segregation and does not comprise a solid and liquid mixture.
  • Cast iron is a eutectic liquid which suddenly passes from the liquid phase to the solid phase, without mixing the two phases and without dendrite.
  • the Applicant has found that smaller thicknesses were obtained where the bath was warmer and greater thicknesses by homogenizing and regulating the temperature of the bath by rotation of the liquid iron. By this rotation it also obtains a more regular thickness on a circular section.
  • a central relief 34 blind at its upper part replaces the central relief 17 of FIG. 1. It comprises a cavity 35 for housing electromagnets or magnets 36 carried by a rotary shaft 37 of vertical axis XX which is that of the central relief 34 and of the crucible and reservoir 11-12. Inside the cavity 35, the magnets 36 and the shaft 37 are protected from any contact with the liquid iron. The magnets 36 extend over the entire height of the mass of liquid cast iron F.
  • the rotary shaft 37 is rotated by a geared motor group 38.
  • Liquid cast iron is supplied by siphon block with vertical chimney 9, horizontal duct 7, opening at the lower part of the annular volume of liquid cast iron comprised between the central relief 34 and the die 11, possibly by a tangential orifice 18 as in fig. 1. But, in this case, due to the use of magnetic means such as electromagnets or rotary magnets 36, tangential orifice 18 is optional.
  • the liquid iron supply duct can simply open out at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12.
  • the barrel of the pipe T is formed in the same way as in the previous example of FIGS. to 2 with the only difference that the liquid iron, from the start only comes from the siphon block with vertical chimney 9 and that the slow rotation of the liquid iron takes place either only by the rotation of the electromagnets 36 or by the combined action of driving the electromagnets in rotation 36 and the tangential arrival of the liquid iron through a tangential orifice 18 if one is provided, as in FIG. 4.
  • a central relief 39 of axis XX, tubular, replaces the reliefs 17 and 34 above.
  • the relief 39 is traversed right through by a cylindrical cavity 40 of axis XX, itself crossed with clearance by a rotary shaft 41 of axis XX driven in rotation by a geared motor group 42.
  • the rotary shaft 41 carries to its upper part is a horizontal plate 43, or horizontal arms 42 at the peripheral edge from which or at the peripheral ends from which hang vertical graphite bars 44, for example two, three or four or more depending on the dimensions of the tray or arms 43 and the height of which is sufficient for their lower end to be immersed in the liquid iron of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 near the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12.
  • the liquid cast iron is supplied only by siphon block as in the example in FIG. 4, optionally with tangential orifice 18 at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12. Inside this cavity 40, the shaft 41 is protected from any contact with liquid iron.
  • Gaseous fluidic means for rotating the liquid iron at low speed in rotation can also be used according to different exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 11:
  • the liquid cast iron is supplied by siphon block 7-9-10.
  • the duct 7 opens out at the bottom 12 of the annular volume comprised between the central relief 17 and the die 11 by a non-tangential orifice 8.
  • an inert gaseous fluid such as for example nitrogen or argon is brought tangentially near the bottom of the annular volume of liquid iron comprised between the die 11 and the central relief 17.
  • the gaseous fluid for rotating the liquid iron is brought for example by two horizontal nozzles 45 mounted tangentially to the cylindrical cavity of the crucible-reservoir and to the cylindrical cavity 46 of the die 11, in the extension of the cylindrical internal wall of the die 11, in the mass of the base 6 and in the vicinity of the bottom 12.
  • Each of the two nozzles 45 comprises a plug or a porous frustoconical nozzle 47 mounted at the bottom of an orifice also frustoconical which opens tangentially into the cavity 46, the nozzle porous 47 being of refractory material, for example silicoaluminous, (a sort of rammed earth with a large particle size to have a suitable porosity), a cylindrical sleeve 48 of the same diameter as the large base of the porous nozzle 47, the sleeve 48 being of material refractory and passing through the wall thickness of the base 6, coaxial with the nozzle 47, and, in the axis of the cylindrical sleeve 48, a duct 49 for supplying gaseous fluid to the porous nozzle 47, the duct 49 being connected to a source of gaseous fluid under pressure, not shown.
  • a duct 49 for supplying gaseous fluid to the porous nozzle 47, the duct 49 being connected to a source of gaseous fluid under pressure, not
  • a closure plate 50 is applied on the outer end edge of the cylindrical sleeve 48 and on a boss 51 coming from the body with the base 6 or else attached to the latter.
  • the closing plate 50 is crossed by the conduit 49.
  • tangential injection nozzles are used directly blowing the inert gaseous fluid into the liquid iron contained in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 .
  • Each injection nozzle is constituted by a frustoconical nozzle made of refractory material and is traversed by a conduit 53 and opening tangentially in a mouth 54 which is flush with the bottom 12 of the tank of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 devoid of central relief.
  • the tangential injection nozzles 52 are eight in number.
  • Each supply pipe 53 for supplying an injection nozzle 52 opens into a circular groove 55 serving as a distributor of inert gas under pressure.
  • a single external conduit 56 controlled by a valve 57 brings the inert gaseous fluid under pressure to the circular groove 55.
  • the circular groove for distributing and distributing inert gaseous fluid 55 is provided in the base 6, at the lower part thereof. .
  • the liquid cast iron is supplied as in the example in FIG. 8 by teapot pocket and ascending pouring tube 4 emerging at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 in the axis XX of said crucible-reservoir.
  • the injection nozzles 52 inject large gas bubbles into the liquid iron. But as the nozzles 52 open at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, instead of opening on the cylindrical wall of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, they reduce the friction of the liquid cast iron in rotation on the bottom 12. In addition , if the gas bubbles are injected at high speed, the kinetic energy for rotating the liquid iron is higher.
  • this variant uses as in FIG. 1 a tangential feed means.
  • the central relief 17 creating a volume of annular liquid iron in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 has disappeared, but it could just as easily exist.
  • the existence or the absence of the central relief 17 depends on the diameter of the pipe T to be formed.
  • the tangential supply of liquid iron near the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 is carried out by a particular device of siphon block with pocket 58 under gas pressure.
  • the pocket 58 of liquid iron F is of the skimmer type, comprising a vertical partition 59, a chamber 60 with a closed vault, receiving at its upper part at gas pressure by a conduit 32 controlled by a tap 33 from a well 61 open to its upper part by a funnel 62 for filling with liquid iron following an arrow f.
  • the chamber 60 and the filling well 61 communicate through an orifice 63 formed in the lower part of the partition 59.
  • the skimmer pocket 58 comprises at the lower part of the chamber 60 a horizontal or nearly horizontal pouring chute 64, of which the pouring duct is connected to the base 6 and opens tangentially into the cylindrical cavity 46 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, near the bottom 12 of said crucible-reservoir by a tangential orifice 65.
  • the level of liquid pig iron in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 can vary between an upper level N situated at the upper part of the die 11 and a lower level N1 situated below the level N, not far from the top of the die 11 ; these upper N and lower N1 levels in the die 11 correspond to the same upper N and lower N1 levels in the well 61 of the skimmer bag 58, by effect of communicating vessels through the orifice 63 and the pouring chute 64. On the other hand, these upper N and lower N1 levels in the die 11 correspond to a lower level N2 in the chamber 60 and an upper level N3 which are different from N and N1.
  • a maximum gas pressure P1 is required while to obtain the lower level N1 in the die 11, corresponding to the upper level N3 in the chamber 60 of pocket 58 requires minimum gas pressure P2.
  • the level of N2 to N is raised in the crucible tank 11-12, by introducing liquid iron following the arrow f into the well 61 of the skimmer pocket 58.
  • the gas pressure in the chamber 60, through the conduit 32 is varied periodically and regularly between the maximum value P1 and a minimum value P2 while continuing to renew the liquid iron in the well 61 during step-by-step extraction.
  • a gas pressure pulse is made according to the sinusoidal curve of FIG. 14 which is a diagram of the variation in gas pressure P admitted by the conduit 32 into the chamber 60 as a function of time t.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
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  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
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  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
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Abstract

Installation comprising a reservoir crucible 11, 12 for molten cast-iron F with step-by-step extraction of a pipe T produced from the crucible comprising a cooled die. To obtain a cast-iron pipe of uniform thickness over its entire circular periphery, despite the absence of a core, the molten cast-iron F is set in slow rotation in the crucible by the tangential supply of molten cast-iron with a low rate of flow through a tangential orifice 18, by the rotation of a magnet 36 disposed in a hollow central relief 17 upstanding from the base of the crucible, by the rotation of paddle arms 44 disposed in the molten iron, or by the tangential injection of an inert gas.

Description

La présente invention est relative à la coulée continue verticale ascendante d'un tuyau en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal, sans utilisation d'un noyau pour former la cavité du tuyau.The present invention relates to the vertical upward continuous casting of a spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe, without the use of a core to form the pipe cavity.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif d'alimentation en fonte liquide d'une filière tubulaire donnant la forme extérieure du tuyau, soit à partir d'un bloc-siphon (alimentation en source), soit à partir d'une poche de coulée sous basse pression d'un gaz.The invention relates more particularly to a device for supplying liquid iron to a tubular die giving the external shape of the pipe, either from a siphon block (source supply), or from a ladle. under low gas pressure.

L'alimentation rotative d'un dispositif de coulée de métal liquide, par exemple de fonte, est connue depuis longtemps par exemple par le brevet FR-493 449, en vue de centrifuger le métal liquide et d'obtenir un corps creux, et, un peu plus récemment, par le brevet FR-1 122 833, en vue d'homogénéiser, c'est-à-dire de répartir uniformément le métal liquide à l'intérieur du moule ou de la lingotière de coulée continue. Mais cette alimentation rotative n'entraîne pas le bain en rotation, notamment du fait que la fonte tombe verticalement, sans composante horizontale de vitesse de rotation.The rotary supply of a device for casting liquid metal, for example of cast iron, has been known for a long time for example by patent FR-493,449, with a view to centrifuging the liquid metal and obtaining a hollow body, and, a little more recently, by patent FR-1,122,833, with a view to homogenizing, that is to say uniformly distributing the liquid metal inside the mold or of the mold for continuous casting. However, this rotary supply does not cause the bath to rotate, in particular because the cast iron falls vertically, with no horizontal component of rotational speed.

Plus récemment encore, dans le brevet FR-A-2 352 612, a été décrite une installation de mise en rotation de la fonte liquide à une vitesse de centrifugation en utilisant un champ magnétique rotatif autour d'un creuset contenant la fonte liquide, en vue d'obtenir un tube en fonte par coulée continue ascendante, sans utilisation de noyau.More recently still, in patent FR-A-2 352 612, an installation for rotating liquid iron has been described at a centrifugation speed using a rotating magnetic field around a crucible containing liquid iron, in view of obtaining a cast iron tube by continuous ascending casting, without the use of a core.

Mais le problème est posé d'entraîner en rotation une masse de fonte liquide, à une vitesse inférieure à la vitesse de centrifugation, dans un but d'homogénéisation et de régularisation de l'alimentation, à l'intérieur d'une filière tubulaire refroidie et fixe, donnant la forme extérieure du tube à engendrer, sans utilisation d'un noyau. Le problème est d'entretenir un mouvement permanent de rotation de la fonte liquide dans la filière tubulaire fixe et refroidie en vue de régulariser l'épaisseur du tube de fonte obtenue sur chaque section circulaire de ce tube et d'obtenir ainsi des parois intérieure et extérieure tout à fait concentriques.However, the problem is posed of rotating a mass of liquid cast iron, at a speed lower than the centrifugation speed, with the aim of homogenizing and regulating the supply, inside a cooled tubular die. and fixed, giving the external shape of the tube to be generated, without the use of a core. The problem is to maintain a permanent movement of rotation of the liquid iron in the fixed and cooled tubular die in order to regularize the thickness of the iron tube obtained on each circular section of this tube and thus obtain inner walls and completely concentric exterior.

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'alimentation d'une filière tubulaire fixe, qui résoud ce problème.The invention relates to a device for feeding a fixed tubular die, which solves this problem.

Ce dispositif d'alimentation rotative en fonte liquide d'une installation de coulée continue verticale d'un tuyau en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal, comprenant une filière refroidie constituant un creuset-réservoir pour la fonte liquide, creuset à partir duquel un tuyau en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal doit être engendré, et des moyens de mise en rotation de la masse de fonte liquide contenue dans ledit creuset-réservoir, est caractérisé en ce que le creuset-réservoir de fonte liquide comporte un relief central réfractaire de même axe vertical que le creuset-réservoir afin de réduire la masse de fonte liquide à une masse annulaire.This rotary liquid iron supply device for a vertical continuous casting installation of a spheroidal graphite cast iron pipe, comprising a cooled die constituting a crucible-reservoir for liquid cast iron, crucible from which a cast iron pipe to spheroidal graphite must be generated, and means for rotating the mass of liquid iron contained in said crucible-reservoir, is characterized in that the crucible-reservoir of liquid iron has a central refractory relief of the same vertical axis as the crucible -tank to reduce the mass of liquid iron to an annular mass.

Suivant un mode d'exécution du dispositif de l'invention, lesdits moyens d'impulsion ou de mise en rotation sont des moyens hydrauliques. Le dispositif de l'invention est alors caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte à la base du creuset-réservoir au moins un conduit d'arrivée tangentielle de fonte liquide qui débouche dans le creuset-réservoir de fonte liquide.According to an embodiment of the device of the invention, said impulse or rotation means are hydraulic means. The device of the invention is then characterized in that it comprises at the base of the crucible-reservoir at least one tangential inlet conduit for liquid iron which opens into the crucible-reservoir for liquid iron.

Cette alimentation tangentielle en fonte liquide peut être soumise à des pulsations rythmées qui favorisent une rotation lente de la fonte liquide.This tangential supply of liquid iron can be subjected to rhythmic pulsations which favor a slow rotation of the liquid iron.

Ces moyens de mise en rotation peuvent être également gazeux, avec emploi d'un fluide gazeux chimiquement inerte vis-à-vis de la fonte (argon, azote).These means for rotating may also be gaseous, with the use of a gaseous fluid chemically inert with respect to the cast iron (argon, nitrogen).

Suivant un autre mode d'exécution, lesdits moyens sont magnétiques. Dans ce cas, le dispositif d'alimentation de l'invention, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens magnétiques logés à l'intérieur du relief central creux ménageant avec la filière refroidie une chambre annulaire de fonte liquide, sur une hauteur supérieure à celle du volume annulaire de fonte liquide, afin de créer un champ magnétique tournant autour de l'axe de la filière et du relief central sur toute la hauteur de la masse annulaire de fonte liquide.According to another embodiment, said means are magnetic. In this case, the supply device of the invention is characterized in that it comprises magnetic means housed inside the hollow central relief providing, with the cooled die, an annular chamber of liquid iron, over a higher height. to that of the annular volume of liquid cast iron, in order to create a magnetic field rotating around the axis of the die and of the central relief over the entire height of the annular mass of liquid cast iron.

Dans un autre mode d'exécution, les moyens d'impulsion ou d'entraînement en rotation sont mécaniques. Dans ce cas, le dispositif d'alimentation rotative de l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte intérieurement au relief central creux, dans l'axe et à travers la cavité de celui-ci, un arbre vertical rotatif portant à sa partie supérieure des bras verticaux en matériau réfractaire immergés dans la masse annulaire de fonte liquide en vue d entraîner celle-ci en rotation.In another embodiment, the impulse or rotary drive means are mechanical. In this case, the rotary feeding device of the invention is characterized in that it internally has a hollow central relief, in the axis and through the cavity thereof, a vertical rotating shaft carrying at its part upper of the vertical arms of refractory material immersed in the annular mass of liquid cast iron in order to cause it to rotate.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre.Other characteristics and advantages will appear during the description which follows.

Au dessin annexé, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple,

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en coupe du dispositif d'alimentation suivant l'invention avec alimentation tangentielle en métal liquide, en complément d'une alimentation axiale,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 2-2 de la Fig. 1,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue schématique en perspective illustrant l'alimentation tangentielle en complément de l'alimentation axiale du dispositif de la Fig. 1,
  • les Fig. 4-5-6 sont des vues schématiques en coupe analogues à la Fig. 1, de variantes de dispositif de l'invention avec moyens respectivement magnétiques, mécaniques et gazeux de mise en rotation de la fonte,
  • la Fig. 7 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 7-7 de la Fig. 6.
In the accompanying drawing, given solely by way of example,
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the supply device according to the invention with tangential supply of liquid metal, in addition to an axial supply,
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line 2-2 of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the tangential supply in addition to the axial supply of the device of FIG. 1,
  • Figs. 4-5-6 are schematic sectional views similar to FIG. 1, variant devices of the invention with respectively magnetic, mechanical and gaseous means for rotating the cast iron,
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view along line 7-7 of FIG. 6.

Suivant l'exemple d'exécution de la Fig. 1, l'invention est appliquée à la coulée continue ascendante d'un tuyau en fonte T, ledit tuyau étant mince du fait que le rapport épaisseur /diamètre est faible, inférieur à 10 %. L'épaisseur du fût, c'est-à-dire de la partie tubulaire adjacente à l'emboîtement ne dépasse pas 15 mm pour un diamètre de 1000 mm, 8 mm pour un diamètre de 300 mm et 5 mm pour un diamètre de 80 mm.According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the invention is applied to the continuous upward casting of a cast iron pipe T, said pipe being thin because the thickness / diameter ratio is low, less than 10%. The thickness of the barrel, i.e. of the tubular part already centering at nesting does not exceed 15 mm for a diameter of 1000 mm, 8 mm for a diameter of 300 mm and 5 mm for a diameter of 80 mm.

L'installation comporte:

  • - une alimentation en fonte liquide sous basse pression gazeuse,
  • - un bloc-siphon pour alimentation tangentielle d'un creuset-réservoir de fonte liquide qui constitue les moyens hydrauliques précités d'impulsion ou de mise en rotation de la fonte liquide, et d'entretien de cette rotation,
  • - un creuset-réservoir constitué par une filière tubulaire refroidie,
  • - un extracteur non représenté du tuyau T formé.
The installation includes:
  • - a supply of liquid cast iron under low gas pressure,
  • - a siphon block for tangential supply of a crucible-reservoir of liquid iron which constitutes the aforementioned hydraulic means of impulse or of rotation of the liquid iron, and of maintenance of this rotation,
  • - a crucible-reservoir constituted by a cooled tubular die,
  • - an extractor not shown from the pipe T formed.

1. Alimentation axiale en fonte liquide sous basse pression gazeuse.1. Axial supply of liquid iron under low gas pressure.

Une poche de coulée sous pression de type théière à goulotte de remplissage 2, oblique, fermée par un couvercle 3 contient de la fonte liquide F. Un tube de coulée verticale 4 en matériau réfractaire traverse la paroi supérieure de la poche théière 1 fermée. Le tube 4 plonge presque jusqu'au fond de la poche 1 et s'élève bien au-dessus de la paroi supérieure de la poche pour déboucher dans le creuset-réservoir de la filière refroidie, décrit plus loin, au dessous duquel est placée la poche 1. Le tube de coulée ascendante 4 est raccordé de manière étanche avec la paroi supérieure de la poche théière par une buse tronconique 5 à bride, d'axe XX comme le tube 4. La buse tronconique 5 sert également au raccordement du tube de coulée ascendante 4 d'axe XX avec le bloc siphon décrit plus loin.A teapot-type pressure casting ladle with a filler neck 2, oblique, closed by a cover 3 contains liquid iron F. A vertical pouring tube 4 made of refractory material passes through the upper wall of the closed teapot pocket 1. The tube 4 plunges almost to the bottom of the pocket 1 and rises well above the upper wall of the pocket to lead into the crucible-reservoir of the cooled die, described below, below which is placed the ladle 1. The ascending pouring tube 4 is tightly connected with the upper wall of the teapot ladle by a frustoconical nozzle 5 with flange, of axis XX like the tube 4. The frustoconical nozzle 5 is also used for the connection of the ascending flow 4 of axis XX with the siphon block described below.

2. Alimentation tangentielle en fonte liquide par bloc-siphon.2. Tangential feed in liquid iron by siphon block.

Un socle 6, en matériau réfractaire, par exemple de type silico-alumineux, comporte intérieurement la partie inférieure d'un conduit de coulée 7 en forme de L à jambage horizontal ou légèrement oblique et à orifice tangentiel 18 vertical pour une alimentation tangentielle en source du creuset-réservoir décrit plus loin. L'orifice tangentiel 18 a une section de passage inférieure à celle du tube de coulée ascendante 4. Le socle 6 sert de support au conduit de coulée verticale constitué par une cheminée verticale 9 d'axe YY parallèle à l'axe XX du tube de coulée verticale 4. La cheminée verticale 9 communique à sa partie inférieure avec le jambage horizontal du conduit de coulée 7 et se termine à sa partie supérieure par un entonnoir de coulée 10 d'axe YY. La hauteur de la cheminée 9 est égale à celle du creuset-réservoir ou de la filière dont il est question plus loin. La cheminée 9 et le creuset-réservoir forment vases communicants. Le conduit horizontal 7 de coulée a un diamètre inférieur à celui du tube 4. Cet ensemble d'alimentation 6-7-9-10 s'appelle blocsiphon.A base 6, made of refractory material, for example of the silico-aluminous type, internally comprises the lower part of an L-shaped casting duct 7 with horizontal or slightly oblique leg and with tangential orifice 18 vertical for a tangential supply at source. of the crucible-reservoir described below. The tangential orifice 18 has a smaller cross-sectional area than that of the ascending pouring tube 4. The base 6 serves as a support for the vertical casting conduit constituted by a vertical chimney 9 of axis YY parallel to the axis XX of the tube of vertical pouring 4. The vertical chimney 9 communicates at its lower part with the horizontal leg of the pouring duct 7 and ends at its upper part with a pouring funnel 10 of axis YY. The height of the chimney 9 is equal to that of the crucible-reservoir or of the die which is discussed below. The chimney 9 and the crucible-tank form communicating vessels. The horizontal duct 7 for casting has a diameter smaller than that of the tube 4. This supply assembly 6-7-9-10 is called blocksiphon.

3. Le creuset-réservoir constitué par la filière refroidie.3. The crucible-reservoir constituted by the cooled die.

Dans l'axe XX du tube de coulée ascendante axiale, le socle 6 du bloc-siphon porte un creuset constitué par une filière tubulaire 11 en graphite d'axe XX et par le socle 6 lui-même constituant un fond de cuve 12 non refroidi.In the axis XX of the axial ascending pouring tube, the base 6 of the siphon block carries a crucible constituted by a tubular die 11 in graphite of axis XX and by the base 6 itself constituting an uncooled bottom of the tank 12 .

La filière 11 est refroidie extérieurement par une chemise 13, par exemple en cuivre, à circulation d'eau de refroidissement qui entre par un conduit 14 et sort par un conduit 15.The die 11 is cooled externally by a jacket 13, for example made of copper, with circulation of cooling water which enters via a pipe 14 and leaves via a pipe 15.

La chemise 13, en contact avec la filière 11, est disposée de manière à envelopper la filière 11 sur presque toute sa hauteur à l'exception cependant de sa partie inférieure qui reste non refroidie. A cet effet, une plaque annulaire de support 16 de la chemise 13, en matériau réfractaire par exemple de type silico-alumineux, donc thermiquement isolant, est interposée entre la chemise 13 et le socle 6, afin d'éviter le refroidissement du socle 6 par la chemise de refroidissement 13.The jacket 13, in contact with the die 11, is arranged so as to wrap the die 11 over almost its entire height with the exception, however, of its lower part which remains uncooled. To this end, an annular support plate 16 of the liner 13, made of refractory material, for example of the silico-aluminous type, therefore thermally insulating, is interposed between the liner 13 and the base 6, in order to avoid cooling of the base 6 by the cooling jacket 13.

Dans cet exemple, mais non obligatoirement, le volume du creuset-réservoir 11-6 constitué par la filière 11 et le socle 6 est sensiblement réduit et ramené à un volume annulaire par un relief central 17 d'axe XX, coaxial au tube de coulée ascendante 4, et traversé par celui-ci. L'emploi du relief central 17 est particulièrement avantageux pour la coulée d'un tube T de grand diamètre. Le relief central 17 fait partie intégrante du bloc- siphon 6-7-9-10 et du creuset-réservoir constitué par la combinaison du socle 6 et de la filière tubulaire refroidie 11. Le relief central tronconique 17 a une grande base, au-dessous du support constitué par le socle 6, de diamètre sensiblement inférieur au diamètre intérieur que l'on veut obtenir pour le tube T à former. A fortiori, la petite base supérieure du relief central tronconique 17 a un diamètre sensiblement inférieur à celui de la cavité du tuyau T à obtenir.In this example, but not necessarily, the volume of the crucible-reservoir 11-6 constituted by the die 11 and the base 6 is substantially reduced and reduced to an annular volume by a central relief 17 of axis XX, coaxial with the pouring tube ascending 4, and crossed by it. The use of the central relief 17 is particularly advantageous for the casting of a tube T of large diameter. The central relief 17 is an integral part of the siphon block 6-7-9-10 and of the crucible-reservoir constituted by the combination of the base 6 and the cooled tubular die 11. The central frustoconical relief 17 has a large base, au- below the support constituted by the base 6, of diameter substantially less than the internal diameter that one wants to obtain for the tube T to be formed. A fortiori, the small upper base of the frustoconical central relief 17 has a diameter substantially smaller than that of the cavity of the pipe T to be obtained.

Il est avantageux que le relief 17 soit plus haut que la filière 11 car cela permet de limiter le volume de fonte liquide à un espace annulaire sur toute la hauteur de la filière 11 alors que si le relief central 17 était nettement plus bas que la filière 11 on aurait de la fonte liquide au-dessus du sommet du relief 17 et par conséquent un excédent inutile de fonte liquide.It is advantageous for the relief 17 to be higher than the die 11 because this makes it possible to limit the volume of liquid iron to an annular space over the entire height of the die 11 whereas if the central relief 17 was significantly lower than the die 11 there would be liquid iron above the top of the relief 17 and therefore an unnecessary excess of liquid iron.

Le relief central 17 est évidé de part en part, depuis sa face supérieure jusqu'à la face inférieure du socle 6 par une cavité cylindrique de passage du tube de coulée complémentaire de la buse tronconique 5 qui s'ajuste dans cet emboîtement. L'orifice tangentiel 18 du conduit de coulée 7 en L débouche à la partie inférieure, c'est-à-dire près du fond du volume annulaire du creuset-réservoir 6-11, de manière tangentielle. De préférence, alors que la section de passage de la fonte liquide à travers le tube de coulée verticale 4 est aussi importante que possible (alimentation axiale en fonte liquide sous pression gazeuse), la section de passage de la fonte liquide à travers le conduit horizontal de coulée 7 en L jusqu'à l'orifice tangentiel 18, qui est limité par la largeur de l'espace annulaire entre la filière refroidie 11 et le relief central 17, à la base du creuset-réservoir 6-11, est sensiblement inférieure à celle du tube axial de coulée ascendante 4.The central relief 17 is hollowed right through, from its upper face to the lower face of the base 6 by a cylindrical cavity for the passage of the complementary pouring tube of the frustoconical nozzle 5 which adjusts in this interlocking. The tangential orifice 18 of the pouring duct 7 in L opens at the bottom, that is to say near the bottom of the annular volume of the crucible-reservoir 6-11, tangentially. Preferably, while the section for the passage of liquid iron through the vertical pouring tube 4 is as large as possible (axial supply of liquid iron under gas pressure), the section for the passage of liquid iron through the horizontal duct flow 7 in L to the tangential orifice 18, which is limited by the width of the annular space between the cooled die 11 and the central relief 17, at the base of the crucible-reservoir 6-11, is substantially less lower than that of the upward axial casting tube 4.

4. L'extracteur du tuyau en fonte en cours de formation n'est pas représenté. Il comporte un moyen de préhension du tuyau de fonte naissant, par exemple un mannequin tubulaire ou manchon d'acier tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet 84 00 382, ledit moyen de préhension ou mannequin M étant pris entre des galets ou rouleaux E de guidage et d'entraînement vers le haut. Pour l'accrochage ou la solidarisation du tube naissant T sur le mannequin M, ce dernier comporte une échancrure en queue d'aronde M1.4. The extractor of the cast iron pipe being formed is not shown. It comprises a means for gripping the nascent cast iron pipe, for example a tubular mannequin or steel sleeve as described in patent application 84 00 382, said gripping means or mannequin M being caught between rollers or rollers E of guidance and drive up. For attaching or securing the nascent tube T to the mannequin M, the latter comprises a dovetail notch M1.

FonctionnementOperation

L'exposé du fonctionnement du dispositif de l'invention est limité ci-après à la mise en rotation de la fonte liquide à l'intérieur du creuset-réservoir 6 - 11, c'est-à-dire dans l'espace annulaire compris entre la filière 11 et le relief central 17, étant donné que, une fois la fonte liquide mise en rotation, l'entretien de cette rotation se poursuit de la même manière et que les processus de montée pas à pas et de solidification du fût de tuyau T en formation sont les mêmes que ceux déjà décrits dans la demande de brevet en France n° 8 400 382.The description of the operation of the device of the invention is limited below to the rotation of the liquid pig iron inside the crucible-reservoir 6 - 11, that is to say in the annular space included. between the die 11 and the central relief 17, given that, once the liquid iron has started to rotate, the maintenance of this rotation continues in the same way and that the processes of step-by-step rise and solidification of the barrel T pipe in formation are the same as those already described in the patent application in France No. 8,400,382.

5. Alimentation en fonte liquide: cette alimentation s'effectue en deux phases,5. Liquid iron supply: this supply takes place in two phases,

a) Alimentation principale non rotative, sous pression gazeuse, pour remplir de fonte F le creuset-réservoir à filière 11 et fond 12: du fluide sous pression est introduit par le conduit 32 dans la poche 3 théière 1. La fonte F monte au-dessus du relief central 17, se déverse dans l'espace annulaire entre le relief central 17 et la filière 11 et monte dans la cheminée verticale 9 où la fonte liquide s'introduit à partir de l'orifice 18 et du jambage horizontal de conduit de coulée 7.a) Non-rotating main supply, under gas pressure, to fill the crucible-tank with die 11 and bottom 12 with cast iron F: pressurized fluid is introduced through the conduit 32 into the teapot pocket 3. The cast iron F rises to- above the central relief 17, pours into the annular space between the central relief 17 and the die 11 and rises in the vertical chimney 9 where the liquid iron is introduced from the orifice 18 and the horizontal leg of the conduit of casting 7.

L'introduction de fonte liquide F dans le volume annulaire du creuset-réservoir 11-12 et la cheminée verticale 9 est poursuivie jusqu'à ce que le niveau de la fonte liquide F soit en N à la partie supérieure de la filière 11, juste en-dessous de la tranche supérieure de la filière 11 et du sommet du relief central 17. En comparaison avec l'alimentation tangentielle suivante, l'alimentation axiale est à fort débit.The introduction of liquid iron F into the annular volume of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 and the vertical chimney 9 is continued until the level of liquid iron F is at N at the top of the die 11, just below the upper edge of the die 11 and the top of the central relief 17. In comparison with the following tangential feed, the axial feed is at high speed.

b) Alimentation auxiliaire tangentielle en fonte liquide, sous faible débit (moyen hydraulique d'impulsion en rotation): cette alimentation pour le renouvellement et la mise en rotation de la fonte liquide ne s'effectue pas immédiatement après l'alimentation précédente à fort débit puisque le niveau supérieur N est atteint avant de commencer la coulée d'un tuyau T, mais à un moment indiqué plus loin. Cette alimentation tangentielle, de renouvellement, à faible débit, qui s'effectue suivant la flèche f par la cheminée verticale 9, et par l'orifice tangentiel 18 sera décrite plus loin. En comparaison avec l'alimentation axiale précédente, l'alimentation tangentielle est à faible débit mais à grande vitesse.b) Tangential auxiliary supply in liquid iron, at low flow rate (hydraulic means of impulse in rotation): this supply for the renewal and rotation of the liquid iron does not take place immediately after the previous high flow supply since the upper level N is reached before starting to pour a pipe T, but at a time indicated below. This tangential, renewal, low-flow supply, which takes place along arrow f through the vertical chimney 9, and through the tangential orifice 18 will be described later. In comparison with the previous axial feed, the tangential feed is at low flow but at high speed.

2. Moulage du fût du tuyau en fonte, et extraction du tuyau au fur et à mesure de sa formation:2. Molding of the barrel of the cast iron pipe, and extraction of the pipe as it is formed:

Le mannequin M est introduit dans la filière 11 par le haut. Alors que la filière 11 n'est pas refroidie à son extrémité inférieure, elle est au contraire refroidie sur la plus grande partie de sa hauteur, jusqu'à son extrémité supérieure, par l'enveloppe de refroidissement 13. La fonte se solidifie donc au contact de la filière suivant une épaisseur croissant jusqu'au mannequin M au contact duquel elle se solidifie et sur lequel elle s'accroche par l'échancrure M1. Le mannequin M est alors tiré vers le haut par des galets ou rouleaux E d'entraînement et de guidage. Les rouleaux E entraînés par un moteur pas à pas, font monter le mannequin M par àcoups. Le mannequin M entraîne la partie de fonte solidifiée vers le haut, pas à pas. Lorsque le mannequin M a tiré vers le haut une amorce de tuyaux de fonte T de hauteur suffisante pour être happé à son tour par les galets ou rouleaux E d'entraînement, le mannequin M devient inutile et peut être séparé à tout moment du tuyau T. Pendant la formation de cette amorce de tuyau T, il a fallu verser de la fonte liquide dans l'entonnoir 10 pour remplacer ou renouveler la quantité de fonte qui a servi à former ladite amorce de tuyau T. On veille ainsi à maintenir constant le niveau M de la fonte liquide pendant l'extraction, un peu au-dessous de la partie supérieure de la filière 11, à une hauteur où la fonte est encore refroidie par l'enveloppe 13.The mannequin M is introduced into the die 11 from above. While the die 11 is not cooled at its lower end, it is instead cooled over most of its height, to its upper end, by the cooling jacket 13. The cast iron therefore solidifies at contact of the die in increasing thickness up to the mannequin M in contact with which it solidifies and on which it is hooked by the notch M1. The mannequin M is then pulled upwards by rollers or rollers E for driving and guiding. The rollers E driven by a stepping motor, cause the dummy M to rise in spurts. The mannequin M drives the solidified part of the iron upwards, step by step. When the manikin M has pulled upwards a primer of cast iron pipes T of sufficient height to be caught in turn by the rollers or drive rollers E, the manikin M becomes useless and can be separated at any time from the pipe T During the formation of this pipe leader T, it was necessary to pour liquid cast iron into the funnel 10 to replace or renew the quantity of cast iron which served to form said pipe leader T. We thus take care to keep constant the level M of the liquid iron during extraction, a little below the upper part of the die 11, at a height where the iron is still cooled by the casing 13.

Cette alimentation tangentielle s'effectue suivant le schéma de la Fig. 3. La fonte liquide entrant tangentiellement par l'orifice 18 au fond du volume annulaire compris entre la filière 11 et le relief central 17, a une vitesse horizontale suffisante pour mettre en rotation, progressivement, à vitesse lente, toute la masse annulaire de fonte liquide F et pour entretenir cette rotation de la fonte liquide. On veille ainsi à maintenir constant le niveau N de fonte liquide pendant l'extraction du tuyau T, un peu au-dessous de la partie supérieure de la chemise 11, à une hauteur où la fonte est encore refroidie par l'enveloppe de refroidissement 13, tout en faisant tourner lentement la fonte F autour de l'axe XX.This tangential supply takes place according to the diagram in FIG. 3. The liquid iron entering tangentially through the orifice 18 at the bottom of the annular volume comprised between the die 11 and the central relief 17, has a horizontal speed sufficient to rotate, gradually, at low speed, the entire annular mass of cast iron liquid F and to maintain this rotation of the liquid iron. Care is thus taken to keep the level N of liquid iron constant during the extraction of the pipe T, a little below the upper part of the jacket 11, at a height where the iron is still cooled by the cooling jacket 13 , while slowly rotating the cast iron F around the axis XX.

En faisant tourner ainsi lentement la fonte autour de l'axe XX, on homogénéise la température de la fonte liquide contenue dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12 et l'on régularise l'épaisseur du tuyau T sur la section circulaire du fût du tuyau T en formation. Ladite section circulaire a donc des parois intérieure et extérieure parfaitement concentriques.By thus rotating the cast iron slowly around the axis XX, the temperature of the liquid cast iron contained in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 is homogenized and the thickness of the pipe T is regulated on the circular section of the barrel of the pipe T in training. Said circular section therefore has perfectly concentric inner and outer walls.

L'extraction vers le haut du tuyau T solidifié est effectuée de manière discontinue, pas à pas, comme cela est décrit dans la demande de brevet 8 400 382. L'amorce de fût du tuyau T s'allonge à chaque course de montée imprimée par les galets ou rouleaux E suivant une épaisseur constante sur toute la section circulaire du fût, grâce à la rotation lente due à l'alimentation tangentielle en fonte liquide par la cheminée verticale 9 et l'orifice tangentiel 18.The upward extraction of the solidified T pipe is carried out discontinuously, step by step, as described in patent application 8 400 382. The barrel primer of the T pipe lengthens at each climb stroke printed by the rollers or rollers E according to a constant thickness over the entire circular section of the barrel, thanks to the slow rotation due to the tangential supply of liquid iron by the vertical chimney 9 and the orifice tangential 18.

On rappelle que l'homogénéisation de température du bain est dans une certaine mesure liée à la régularisation d'épaisseur du fût formé avec rotation lente de la fonte liquide en raison du processus de solidification de la fonte liquide la fonte est un liquide eutectique dont la solidification est très différente de celle des aciers lors de la solidification, la fonte ne subit pas le phénomène de ségrégation et ne comporte pas de mélange solide et liquide. La fonte est un liquide eutectique qui passe brutalement de la phase liquide à la phase solide, sans mélange des deux phases et sans dendrite. La Demanderesse a constaté que des épaisseurs plus faibles étaient obtenues là où le bain était plus chaud et des épaisseurs plus élevées en homogénéisant et régularisant par rotation de la fonte liquide la température du bain. Par cette rotation elle obtient aussi une épaisseur plus régulière sur une section circulaire.It will be recalled that the homogenization of the bath temperature is to a certain extent linked to the regularization of the thickness of the barrel formed with slow rotation of the liquid iron due to the solidification process of the liquid iron. The iron is a eutectic liquid, the solidification is very different from that of steels during solidification, the cast iron does not undergo the phenomenon of segregation and does not comprise a solid and liquid mixture. Cast iron is a eutectic liquid which suddenly passes from the liquid phase to the solid phase, without mixing the two phases and without dendrite. The Applicant has found that smaller thicknesses were obtained where the bath was warmer and greater thicknesses by homogenizing and regulating the temperature of the bath by rotation of the liquid iron. By this rotation it also obtains a more regular thickness on a circular section.

Lorsque l'on a obtenu ainsi une longueur de fût suffisante pour le tuyau T, on cesse de verser de ta fonte liquide dans l'entonnoir 10 et l'on procède à la vidange rapide de l'espace annulaire entre la filière 11 et le relief central 17, par exemple par un orifice inférieur non représenté dont on retire l'obturateur. Il suffit ensuite de soulever complètement le tuyau T formé au-dessus de la filière 11.When a sufficient barrel length has thus been obtained for the pipe T, the pouring of liquid iron is stopped in the funnel 10 and the annular space between the die 11 and the central relief 17, for example by a lower orifice not shown from which the shutter is removed. It then suffices to completely lift the pipe T formed above the die 11.

Pour faire tourner lentement la fonte liquide en vue d'homogénéiser la température du bain et de régulariser l'épaisseur du tuyau T sur sa section circulaire, on peut utiliser d'autres moyens dits "hydrauliques" que ceux de la Fig. 1 à 3.To slowly rotate the liquid iron in order to homogenize the temperature of the bath and to regularize the thickness of the pipe T on its circular section, it is possible to use other means called "hydraulic" than those of FIG. 1 to 3.

Variante de la Fig. 4.Variant of Fig. 4.

Dans un exemple d'exécution analogue à celui de la Fig. 1 mais comportant certaines différences, les moyens dits "hydrauliques" de mise en rotation lente de la fonte liquide sont remplacés par des moyens magnétiques.In an example of execution similar to that of FIG. 1 but having certain differences, the so-called “hydraulic” means for slowly rotating the liquid iron are replaced by magnetic means.

En raison de la place occupée par ces moyens magnétiques, comme on va le voir ci-dessous, la double alimentation précitée en fonte liquide est remplacée par une seule alimentation, par cheminée verticale 9, après suppression de l'alimentation par poche théière sous pression gazeuse.Due to the space occupied by these magnetic means, as will be seen below, the aforementioned double supply in liquid iron is replaced by a single supply, by vertical chimney 9, after removal of the supply by pressurized teapot pocket. carbonated.

Un relief central 34 borgne à sa partie supérieure remplace le relief central 17 de la Fig. 1. Il comporte une cavité 35 de logement d'électro-aimants ou aimants 36 portés par un arbre rotatif 37 d'axe XX vertical qui est celui du relief central 34 et du creuset et réservoir 11-12. A l'intérieur de la cavité 35, les aimants 36 et l'arbre 37 sont à l'abri de tout contact avec la fonte liquide. Les aimants 36 s'étendent sur toute la hauteur de la masse de fonte liquide F. L'arbre rotatif 37 est entraîné en rotation par un groupe moto-réducteur 38. La mise en rotation s'effectue à vitesse lente comme dans le cas précédent, c'est-à-dire à une vitesse de l'ordre de quelques tours par minute alors que la vitesse de centrifugation est beaucoup plus élevée (par exemple de 10 fois plus élevée pour les grands diamètres à 100 fois plus élevée pour les diamètres les plus faibles). L'alimentation en fonte liquide s'effectue par bloc-siphon à cheminée verticale 9, conduit horizontal 7, débouchant à la partie inférieure du volume annulaire de fonte liquide compris entre le relief central 34 et la filière 11, éventuellement par un orifice tangentiel 18 comme à la Fig. 1. Mais, dans ce cas, en raison de l'utilisation de moyens magnétiques tels que les électro-aimants ou aimants rotatifs 36, orifice tangentiel 18 est facultatif. Le conduit d'amenée de fonte liquide peut tout simplement déboucher au fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12.A central relief 34 blind at its upper part replaces the central relief 17 of FIG. 1. It comprises a cavity 35 for housing electromagnets or magnets 36 carried by a rotary shaft 37 of vertical axis XX which is that of the central relief 34 and of the crucible and reservoir 11-12. Inside the cavity 35, the magnets 36 and the shaft 37 are protected from any contact with the liquid iron. The magnets 36 extend over the entire height of the mass of liquid cast iron F. The rotary shaft 37 is rotated by a geared motor group 38. The rotation is carried out at slow speed as in the previous case , that is to say at a speed of the order of a few revolutions per minute while the centrifugation speed is much higher (for example from 10 times higher for large diameters to 100 times higher for diameters the weakest). Liquid cast iron is supplied by siphon block with vertical chimney 9, horizontal duct 7, opening at the lower part of the annular volume of liquid cast iron comprised between the central relief 34 and the die 11, possibly by a tangential orifice 18 as in fig. 1. But, in this case, due to the use of magnetic means such as electromagnets or rotary magnets 36, tangential orifice 18 is optional. The liquid iron supply duct can simply open out at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12.

La formation du fût du tuyau T s'effectue de la même manière que dans l'exemple précédent des Fig. à 2 à la seule différence que la fonte liquide, dès le départ ne provient que du bloc- siphon à cheminée verticale 9 et que la mise en rotation lente de la fonte liquide s'effectue soit uniquement par la rotation des électro-aimants 36 soit par action conjuguée d'entraînement en rotation des électro-aimants 36 et de l'arrivée tangentielle de la fonte liquide par un orifice tangentiel 18 si l'on en prévoit un, comme à la Fig. 4.The barrel of the pipe T is formed in the same way as in the previous example of FIGS. to 2 with the only difference that the liquid iron, from the start only comes from the siphon block with vertical chimney 9 and that the slow rotation of the liquid iron takes place either only by the rotation of the electromagnets 36 or by the combined action of driving the electromagnets in rotation 36 and the tangential arrival of the liquid iron through a tangential orifice 18 if one is provided, as in FIG. 4.

D'autres moyens de mise en rotation lente de la fonte liquide peuvent encore être employés:Other means for slowly rotating the liquid iron can also be used:

Variante de la Fig. 5:Variant of Fig. 5:

Dans cet exemple, un relief central 39 d'axe XX, tubulaire, remplace les reliefs 17 et 34 précédents. Le relief 39 est traversé de part en part par une cavité cylindrique 40 d'axe XX, elle-même traversée avec jeu par un arbre rotatif 41 d'axe XX entraîné en rotation par un groupe motoréducteur 42. L'arbre rotatif 41 porte à sa partie supérieure soit un plateau horizontal 43, soit des bras horizontaux 42 au bord périphérique duquel ou aux extrémités périphériques desquelles sont suspendues des barres verticales en graphite 44, par exemple au nombre de deux, de trois ou de quatre ou davantage suivant les dimensions du plateau ou des bras 43 et dont la hauteur est suffisante pour que leur extrémité inférieure soit immergée dans la fonte liquide du creuset-réservoir 11-12 à proximité du fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12.In this example, a central relief 39 of axis XX, tubular, replaces the reliefs 17 and 34 above. The relief 39 is traversed right through by a cylindrical cavity 40 of axis XX, itself crossed with clearance by a rotary shaft 41 of axis XX driven in rotation by a geared motor group 42. The rotary shaft 41 carries to its upper part is a horizontal plate 43, or horizontal arms 42 at the peripheral edge from which or at the peripheral ends from which hang vertical graphite bars 44, for example two, three or four or more depending on the dimensions of the tray or arms 43 and the height of which is sufficient for their lower end to be immersed in the liquid iron of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 near the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12.

L'alimentation en fonte liquide s'effectue uniquement par bloc-siphon comme dans exemple de la Fig. 4, facultativement avec orifice tangentiel 18 au fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12. A l'intérieur ce la cavité 40, l'arbre 41 est à l'abri de tout contact avec la fonte liquide.The liquid cast iron is supplied only by siphon block as in the example in FIG. 4, optionally with tangential orifice 18 at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12. Inside this cavity 40, the shaft 41 is protected from any contact with liquid iron.

La formation d'un tuyau T dont on voit à la Fig. 5 une amorce solidifiée, accrochée au mannequin M, s'effectue comme dans les deux exemples précédents, à a seule différence que l'entraînement en rotation lente de la fonte liquide s'effectue par la rotation lente des barres d'entraînement 44 qui font tourner le bain autour de l'axe XXThe formation of a pipe T which can be seen in FIG. 5 a solidified primer, attached to the mannequin M, is carried out as in the two previous examples, with the only difference that the slow rotation drive of the liquid iron takes place by the slow rotation of the drive bars 44 which make turn the bath around the XX axis

Dans tous les exemples précédents, on remarque que le fût du tuyau (Fig. 5) est obtenu sans noyau, d'où l'utilité de la mise en rotation lente de la fonte afin de régulariser l'épaisseur du fût sur n'importe quelle section circulaire dudit fût.In all the previous examples, we note that the barrel of the pipe (Fig. 5) is obtained without a core, hence the usefulness of the slow rotation of the cast iron in order to regularize the thickness of the barrel on any which circular section of said barrel.

Des moyens fluidiques gazeux d'entraînement en rotation de la fonte liquide à vitesse lente peuvent également être utilisés suivant différents exemples d'exécution illustrés aux Fig. 6 à 11:Gaseous fluidic means for rotating the liquid iron at low speed in rotation can also be used according to different exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 11:

Variante des Fig. 6 et 7:Variant of Figs. 6 and 7:

L'alimentation en fonte liquide s'effectue par bloc-siphon 7-9-10. Le conduit 7 débouche au fond 12 du volume annulaire compris entre le relief central 17 et la filière 11 par un orifice 8 non tangentiel.The liquid cast iron is supplied by siphon block 7-9-10. The duct 7 opens out at the bottom 12 of the annular volume comprised between the central relief 17 and the die 11 by a non-tangential orifice 8.

Dans cet exemple, un fluide gazeux inerte tel que par exemple azote ou argon est amené tangentiellement près du fond du volume annulaire de fonte liquide compris entre la filière 11 et le relief central 17.In this example, an inert gaseous fluid such as for example nitrogen or argon is brought tangentially near the bottom of the annular volume of liquid iron comprised between the die 11 and the central relief 17.

Le fluide gazeux de mise en rotation de la fonte liquide est amené par exemple par deux tuyères horizontales 45 montées tangentiellement à la cavité cylindrique du creuset-réservoir et à la cavité cylindrique 46 de la filière 11, dans le prolongement de la paroi interne cylindrique de la filière 11, dans la masse du socle 6 et au voisinage du fond 12. Chacune des deux tuyères 45 comporte un bouchon ou une buse poreuse 47 tronconique montée au fond d'un orifice également tronconique qui débouche tangentiellement dans la cavité 46, la buse poreuse 47 étant en matériau réfractaire, par exemple silicoalumi- neux, (sorte de pisé de forte granulométrie pour avoir une porosité convenable), un manchon cylindrique 48 de même diamètre que la grand base de la buse poreuse 47, le manchon 48 étant en matériau réfractaire et traversant l'épaisseur de paroi du socle 6, coaxialement à la buse 47, et, dans l'axe du manchon cylindrique 48, un conduit 49 d'amenée de fluide gazeux jusqu'à la buse poreuse 47, le conduit 49 étant relié à une source de fluide gazeux sous pression non représenté. Une plaque de fermeture 50 s'applique sur la tranche d'extrémité extérieure du manchon cylindrique 48 et sur un bossage 51 venant de corps avec le socle 6 ou bien rapporté sur celui-ci. La plaque de fermeture 50 est traversée par le conduit 49. Il y a donc dans cet exemple deux tuyères 45, deux bossages 51, deux conduits 49.The gaseous fluid for rotating the liquid iron is brought for example by two horizontal nozzles 45 mounted tangentially to the cylindrical cavity of the crucible-reservoir and to the cylindrical cavity 46 of the die 11, in the extension of the cylindrical internal wall of the die 11, in the mass of the base 6 and in the vicinity of the bottom 12. Each of the two nozzles 45 comprises a plug or a porous frustoconical nozzle 47 mounted at the bottom of an orifice also frustoconical which opens tangentially into the cavity 46, the nozzle porous 47 being of refractory material, for example silicoaluminous, (a sort of rammed earth with a large particle size to have a suitable porosity), a cylindrical sleeve 48 of the same diameter as the large base of the porous nozzle 47, the sleeve 48 being of material refractory and passing through the wall thickness of the base 6, coaxial with the nozzle 47, and, in the axis of the cylindrical sleeve 48, a duct 49 for supplying gaseous fluid to the porous nozzle 47, the duct 49 being connected to a source of gaseous fluid under pressure, not shown. A closure plate 50 is applied on the outer end edge of the cylindrical sleeve 48 and on a boss 51 coming from the body with the base 6 or else attached to the latter. The closing plate 50 is crossed by the conduit 49. There are therefore in this example two nozzles 45, two bosses 51, two conduits 49.

Pour l'entraînement en rotation à vitesse lente de la fonte liquide amenée uniquement par le tube de coulée ascendante 4, sous pression gazeuse introduite dans la poche théière 1, l'insufflation de fluide gazeux inerte tel que l'azote ou l'argon par les deux tuyères tangentielles 45 pousse progressivement la fonte liquide contenue dans le creuset-réservoir dans un mouvement de rotation lente suivant les flèches f2 (Fig. 7). Par simple variation de pression du fluide gazeux, on règle la vitesse de rotation de la fonte liquide. Cette insufflation de gaz inerte est réalisée sous forme de fines bulles réparties dans la fonte liquide grâce aux buses poreuses 47 interposées entre les conduits 49 et la fonte liquide.For the rotational drive at slow speed of the liquid iron supplied only by the ascending pouring tube 4, under gas pressure introduced into the teapot pocket 1, the insufflation of inert gaseous fluid such as nitrogen or argon by the two tangential nozzles 45 gradually pushes the liquid iron contained in the crucible-reservoir in a slow rotation movement according to the arrows f2 (Fig. 7). By simply varying the pressure of the gaseous fluid, the speed of rotation of the liquid iron is adjusted. This inert gas blowing is carried out in the form of fine bubbles distributed in the liquid iron thanks to the porous nozzles 47 interposed between the conduits 49 and the liquid iron.

Il faut noter qu'en l'absence de relief central 17, l'énergie de mise en rotation lente d'une masse de fonte liquide plus importante que lorsque le volume de fonte est annulaire, est plus importante également ce qui se traduit par une augmentation de pression et de débit de fluide gazeux inerte par les tuyères 45.It should be noted that in the absence of central relief 17, the energy of slow rotation of a greater mass of liquid iron than when the volume of iron is annular, is also greater, which results in a increase in pressure and flow rate of inert gaseous fluid through the nozzles 45.

Il existe encore un autre moyen d'entraîner la fonte en rotation lente par fluide gazeux amené tangentiellement:There is yet another way of causing the cast iron to rotate slowly by gaseous fluid supplied tangentially:

Variante des Fig. 9, 10 et 11: au lieu d'introduire le fluide gazeux par tuyères tangentielles 45 à bouchon poreux 47, on utilise des tuyères d'injection tangentielles soufflant directement le fluide gazeux inerte dans la fonte liquide contenue dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12. Chaque tuyère d'injection est constituée par une buse tronconique en matériau réfractaire et est traversée par un conduit 53 et débouchant tangentiellement dans une embouchure 54 qui affleure le fond 12 de la cuve du creuset-réservoir 11-12 dépourvu de relief central. Les tuyères tangentielles d'injection 52 sont dans cet exemple, au nombre de huit. Chaque conduit 53 d'alimentation d'une tuyère d'injection 52 débouche dans une gorge circulaire 55 servant de distributeur de gaz inerte sous pression. Un conduit unique extérieur 56 contrôlé par robinet 57 amène le fluide inerte gazeux sous pression à la gorge circulaire 55. La gorge circulaire de distribution et de répartition de fluide gazeux inerte 55 est prévue dans le socle 6, à la partie inférieure de celui-ci. L'alimentation en fonte liquide s'effectue comme dans l'exemple de la Fig. 8 par poche théière et tube de coulée ascendante 4 débouchant au fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12 dans l'axe XX dudit creuset-réservoir.Variant of Figs. 9, 10 and 11: instead of introducing the gaseous fluid by tangential nozzles 45 with porous plug 47, tangential injection nozzles are used directly blowing the inert gaseous fluid into the liquid iron contained in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 . Each injection nozzle is constituted by a frustoconical nozzle made of refractory material and is traversed by a conduit 53 and opening tangentially in a mouth 54 which is flush with the bottom 12 of the tank of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 devoid of central relief. In this example, the tangential injection nozzles 52 are eight in number. Each supply pipe 53 for supplying an injection nozzle 52 opens into a circular groove 55 serving as a distributor of inert gas under pressure. A single external conduit 56 controlled by a valve 57 brings the inert gaseous fluid under pressure to the circular groove 55. The circular groove for distributing and distributing inert gaseous fluid 55 is provided in the base 6, at the lower part thereof. . The liquid cast iron is supplied as in the example in FIG. 8 by teapot pocket and ascending pouring tube 4 emerging at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 in the axis XX of said crucible-reservoir.

A la différence des tuyères 45 à bouchon poreux 47 qui insufflent de nombreuses petites bulles gazeuses, les tuyères d'injection 52 insufflent de grosses bulles gazeuses dans la fonte liquide. Mais comme les tuyères 52 débouchent au fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12, au lieu de déboucher sur la paroi cylindrique du creuset-réservoir 11-12, elles diminuent le frottement de la fonte liquide en rotation sur le fond 12. De plus, si l'on injecte les bulles gazeuses à grande vitesse, l'énergie cinétique de mise en rotation de la fonte liquide est plus élevée.Unlike the nozzles 45 with porous plugs 47 which inject numerous small gas bubbles, the injection nozzles 52 inject large gas bubbles into the liquid iron. But as the nozzles 52 open at the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, instead of opening on the cylindrical wall of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, they reduce the friction of the liquid cast iron in rotation on the bottom 12. In addition , if the gas bubbles are injected at high speed, the kinetic energy for rotating the liquid iron is higher.

Enfin, un autre moyen que l'on peut qualifier d'hydraulique et de pulsatoire a été imaginé pour entraîner la fonte liquide en rotation lente dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12:Finally, another means that can be described as hydraulic and pulsating has been devised to drive the slow-melting liquid iron in the crucible-reservoir 11-12:

Variante des Fig. 12 à 14: cette variante utilise comme la Fig. 1 un moyen d'alimentation tangentielle. Dans cet exemple, le relief central 17 créant un volume de fonte liquide annulaire dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12 a disparu mais il pourrait tout aussi bien exister. L'existence ou l'absence du relief central 17 dépend du diamètre du tuyau T à former. Dans cet exemple d'exécution, l'alimentation tangentielle en fonte liquide près du fond 12 du creuset-réservoir 11-12 est réalisée par un dispositif particulier de bloc- siphon à poche 58 sous pression gazeuse. La poche 58 de fonte liquide F est de type à écumoire, comprenant une cloison verticale 59, une chambre 60 à voûte fermée, recevant à sa partie supérieure à pression gazeuse par un conduit 32 contrôlé par robinet 33 d'un puits 61 ouvert à sa partie supérieure par un entonnoir 62 pour le remplissage en fonte liquide suivant une flèche f. La chambre 60 et le puits 61 de remplissage communiquent par un orifice 63 ménagé à la partie inférieure de la cloison 59. La poche à écumoire 58 comporte à la partie inférieure de la chambre 60 une goulotte de coulée horizontale ou à peu près horizontale 64 dont le conduit de coulée est raccordé au socle 6 et débouche tangentiellement dans la cavité cylindrique 46 du creuset-réservoir 11-12, près du fond 12 dudit creuset-réservoir par un orifice tangentiel 65.Variant of Figs. 12 to 14: this variant uses as in FIG. 1 a tangential feed means. In this example, the central relief 17 creating a volume of annular liquid iron in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 has disappeared, but it could just as easily exist. The existence or the absence of the central relief 17 depends on the diameter of the pipe T to be formed. In this exemplary embodiment, the tangential supply of liquid iron near the bottom 12 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12 is carried out by a particular device of siphon block with pocket 58 under gas pressure. The pocket 58 of liquid iron F is of the skimmer type, comprising a vertical partition 59, a chamber 60 with a closed vault, receiving at its upper part at gas pressure by a conduit 32 controlled by a tap 33 from a well 61 open to its upper part by a funnel 62 for filling with liquid iron following an arrow f. The chamber 60 and the filling well 61 communicate through an orifice 63 formed in the lower part of the partition 59. The skimmer pocket 58 comprises at the lower part of the chamber 60 a horizontal or nearly horizontal pouring chute 64, of which the pouring duct is connected to the base 6 and opens tangentially into the cylindrical cavity 46 of the crucible-reservoir 11-12, near the bottom 12 of said crucible-reservoir by a tangential orifice 65.

Le niveau de fonte liquide dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12 peut varier entre un niveau supérieur N situé à la partie supérieure de la filière 11 et un niveau inférieur N1 situé au-dessous du niveau N, non loin du haut de la filière 11; à ces niveaux supérieur N et inférieur N1 dans la filière 11 correspondent les mêmes niveaux supérieur N et inférieur N1 dans le puits 61 de la poche à écumoire 58, par effet de vases communicants à travers l'orifice 63 et la goulotte de coulée 64. Par contre, à ces niveaux supérieur N et inférieur N1 dans la filière 11 correspondent un niveau inférieur N2 dans la chambre 60 et un niveau supérieur N3 qui sont différents de N et N1. Pour obtenir le niveau supérieur N correspondant au niveau inférieur N2 dans la chambre 60 sous pression gazeuse, il faut une pression gazeuse P1 maximale tandis que pour obtenir le niveau inférieur N1 dans la filière 11, correspondant au ni veau supérieur N3 dans la chambre 60 de la poche 58, il faut une pression gazeuse minimale P2.The level of liquid pig iron in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 can vary between an upper level N situated at the upper part of the die 11 and a lower level N1 situated below the level N, not far from the top of the die 11 ; these upper N and lower N1 levels in the die 11 correspond to the same upper N and lower N1 levels in the well 61 of the skimmer bag 58, by effect of communicating vessels through the orifice 63 and the pouring chute 64. On the other hand, these upper N and lower N1 levels in the die 11 correspond to a lower level N2 in the chamber 60 and an upper level N3 which are different from N and N1. To obtain the upper level N corresponding to the lower level N2 in the chamber 60 under gas pressure, a maximum gas pressure P1 is required while to obtain the lower level N1 in the die 11, corresponding to the upper level N3 in the chamber 60 of pocket 58 requires minimum gas pressure P2.

Pour fabriquer un tuyau, on procède comme décrit dans le premier exemple, en utilisant au début un mannequin M non représenté: on admet une pression gazeuse maximale P1 dans à chambre 60 de à poche écumoire 58, sans pulsation de cette pression, pour faire monter la fonte au contact du mannequin M en vue d'un bon accrochage, ce qui entraîne une baisse de niveau de fonte liquide de N à N2.To make a pipe, we proceed as described in the first example, using at the start a mannequin M not shown: we admit a maximum gas pressure P1 in a chamber 60 of a skimmer pocket 58, without pulsation of this pressure, to raise the cast iron in contact with the dummy M for good attachment, which causes a drop in the level of liquid cast iron from N to N2.

Puis, pour remplacer par de la fonte liquide celle qui a été solidifiée au contact du mannequin M, on fait remonter le niveau de N2 à N dans le creuset réservoir 11-12, en introduisant de la fonte liquide suivant la flèche f dans le puits 61 de la poche écumoire 58. Puis l'on fait varier périodiquement et régulièrement la pression gazeuse dans la chambre 60, par le conduit 32, entre la valeur maximale P1 et une valeur minimale P2 tout en continuant le renouvellement de la fonte liquide dans le puits 61 pendant l'extraction pas à pas. Une pulsation de pression gazeuse s'effectue suivant la courbe sinusoïdale de la Fig. 14 qui est un diagramme de variation de pression gazeuse P admise par le conduit 32 dans la chambre 60 en fonction du temps t. A la pression maximale P1 correspondent respectivement les niveaux N dans la filière et N2 dans la chambre 60, et à la pression minimale P2 correspondent respectivement les niveaux N3 dans la chambre 60 et N1 dans la filière 11. Cette pulsation de pression gazeuse qui s'accompagne d'une pulsation de niveau de fonte liquide dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12 crée un système de pompage de fonte liquide arrivant tangentiellement par l'orifice 65. Ce système de pompage ou de pulsation ou de variation périodique de pression gazeuse pour l'alimentation tangentielle de la fonte liquide crée une rotation lente de la fonte liquide suivant la flèche f2 dans le creuset-réservoir 11-12. En réglant la fréquence de pulsation et l'amplitude de pulsation c'est-à-dire les valeurs des pressions P1 et P2 (Fig. 14), donc les niveaux N, N2 et N1, N3, on régie avec précision la vitesse de rotation de la fonte liquide et l'on obtient une épaisseur bien régulière de tube formé.Then, to replace by liquid iron that which had solidified in contact with the mannequin M, the level of N2 to N is raised in the crucible tank 11-12, by introducing liquid iron following the arrow f into the well 61 of the skimmer pocket 58. Then the gas pressure in the chamber 60, through the conduit 32, is varied periodically and regularly between the maximum value P1 and a minimum value P2 while continuing to renew the liquid iron in the well 61 during step-by-step extraction. A gas pressure pulse is made according to the sinusoidal curve of FIG. 14 which is a diagram of the variation in gas pressure P admitted by the conduit 32 into the chamber 60 as a function of time t. At the maximum pressure P1 correspond respectively the levels N in the die and N2 in the chamber 60, and at the minimum pressure P2 correspond respectively the levels N3 in the chamber 60 and N1 in the die 11. This gas pressure pulsation which s' accompanied by a pulsation of liquid iron level in the crucible-reservoir 11-12 creates a pumping system for liquid pig iron arriving tangentially through the orifice 65. This pumping or pulsation or periodic gas pressure variation system for the tangential supply of the liquid iron creates a slow rotation of the liquid iron along the arrow f2 in the crucible-reservoir 11-12. By adjusting the pulse frequency and the pulse amplitude, i.e. the values of the pressures P1 and P2 (Fig. 14), therefore the levels N, N2 and N1, N3, the speed of the rotation of the liquid iron and a very regular thickness of formed tube is obtained.

Claims (10)

1. Apparatus for the rotary supply of molten cast iron to an installation for the continuous vertical casting of a pipe from spheroidal graphite cast iron, comprising a cooled die (11) constituting a reservoir crucible (11-12) for the molten cast iron, from which crucible a pipe (T) of spheroidal graphite cast iron is to be produced and means for causing the mass of molten cast iron in the said reservoir crucible (11-12) to rotate, characterized in that the reservoir crucible (11-12) for molten cast iron (F) has a refractory central relief (17-34-39) on the same vertical axis (X-X) as the reservoir crucible (11-12), in order to reduce the mass of molten cast iron (F) to an annular mass.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said means for producing slow rotation are hydraulic means (7-18) consisting of a pipe (7) for the tangential inlet of molten cast iron which opens into the lower part of the reservoir crucible (11-12), in the vicinity of the bottom (12) of the latter through a tangential orifice (18).
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means for setting the mass of molten cast iron (F) in rotation are gaseous and consist of horizontal nozzles (45) which are tangential with respect to the reservoir crucible (11-12), in the vicinity of the bottom (12), the said nozzles (45) being intended to blow an inert gas into the mass of molten cast iron (F).
4. Apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that each nozzle (45) comprises a porous jet (47) of refractory material interposed between a blowing-in pipe (49) and the molten cast iron (F) in order to distribute the inert gas in the cast iron (F) in fine bubbles.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that each nozzle (45) comprises a porous jet (47) opening tangentially into the cylindrical cavity (11-46) of the reservoir crucible (11-12).
6. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means (36-37-38) for setting the molten cast iron (F) in slow rotation are magnetic means consisting of magnets (36) supported by a rotary vertical shaft (37) driven by a speed-reducer unit (38), the magnets (36) being housed in a blind cavity (35) of the central relief (34) on the axis (X-X) coaxial with respect to the reservoir crucible (11-12), in the same way as the shaft (37) and the magnets (36) extending over the entire height of the mass of molten cast iron (F).
7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means (44) for setting the molten cast iron in slow rotation are mechanical means consisting of vertical graphite bars (44) suspended from the peripheral edge of a horizontal plate (43) or from the ends of horizontal arms (43), the said bars (44) being set in rotation by a shaft (41) passing coaxially with clearance through a cylindrical cavity (40) in the central relief (39) on the vertical axis (X-X), the said shaft (41) being set in rotation by a speed-reducer unit (42) and the height of the bars (44) being sufficient for their lower end to be immersed in the molten cast iron (F) in the vicinity of the bottom (12) of the reservoir crucible (11-12).
8. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that provided in addition to a pipe (7) and a tangential orifice (18) opening into the lower part of the reservoir crucible (11-12) for setting the molten cast iron (9) hydraulically in slow rotation is a vertical tube (4) on the axis (X-X) for the axial and bottom supply of molten cast iron coming from a casting ladle under gas pressure (2) located below the reservoir crucible (11-12), the said vertical tube (4) having a section of passage greater than that of the tangential orifice (18).
9. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supply of molten cast iron is achieved by a siphon unit comprising a bottom pipe (7-8-9-10) opening into the lower part of the reservoir crucible (11-12).
10. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supply of molten cast iron is achieved by a casting ladle (1) under gas pressure comprising a bottom casting tube (4) on the same axis (X-X) as the reservoir crucible (11-12).
EP85470001A 1984-12-07 1985-11-27 Apparatus for the rotating feeding of a cast to a vertical continuous-casting plant for spheroidal graphite cast iron tubes Expired EP0187609B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8418862 1984-12-07
FR8418862A FR2574328B1 (en) 1984-12-07 1984-12-07 ROTARY LIQUID CAST SUPPLY DEVICE FOR A VERTICAL CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION OF A SPEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON PIPE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187609A1 EP0187609A1 (en) 1986-07-16
EP0187609B1 true EP0187609B1 (en) 1989-08-23

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EP85470001A Expired EP0187609B1 (en) 1984-12-07 1985-11-27 Apparatus for the rotating feeding of a cast to a vertical continuous-casting plant for spheroidal graphite cast iron tubes

Country Status (29)

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US (1) US4690199A (en)
EP (1) EP0187609B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61137655A (en)
KR (1) KR900002035B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE45691T1 (en)
AU (1) AU566125B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8506133A (en)
CA (1) CA1268611A (en)
CZ (1) CZ279837B6 (en)
DD (1) DD246928A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3572453D1 (en)
EG (1) EG17404A (en)
ES (1) ES8701643A1 (en)
FI (1) FI78630C (en)
FR (1) FR2574328B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2168633B (en)
HR (1) HRP930760B1 (en)
IN (1) IN166053B (en)
MX (1) MX167024B (en)
MY (1) MY103671A (en)
PL (1) PL147384B1 (en)
RO (1) RO94202B (en)
SI (1) SI8511899A8 (en)
SK (1) SK278337B6 (en)
SU (1) SU1435144A3 (en)
TR (1) TR22824A (en)
UA (1) UA5952A1 (en)
YU (1) YU44532B (en)
ZA (1) ZA859288B (en)

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GB8703231D0 (en) * 1987-02-12 1987-03-18 Wilson R Casting furnaces
JPH089113B2 (en) * 1987-07-16 1996-01-31 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Fe-based overlay alloy with excellent corrosion and wear resistance
FR2748278B1 (en) * 1996-05-02 1998-05-29 Pont A Mousson METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR METALLIZING CAST IRON
FR2751250B1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-08-21 Pont A Mousson DEVICE FOR CLAMPING A CASTING TABLE OF A VERTICAL CONTINUOUS CASTING MACHINE OF PIECES, IN PARTICULAR TUBES, IN CAST IRON
NL1023849C2 (en) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-11 Corus Technology B V Production of tubes from nodular cast iron, especially for pipelines, comprises continuously casting tubes in horizontal direction
FI124847B (en) 2009-11-18 2015-02-13 Upcast Oy Nozzle for continuous casting, mold part, method for continuous casting and use of a rod, wire or pipe made with a continuous casting nozzle, with a mold part or by a method for continuous casting, as a blank
CN103691906A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-04-02 雄邦压铸（南通）有限公司 Auxiliary die-casting part for complex inner wall
BR202017015434Y1 (en) * 2017-07-18 2022-03-03 Tupy S.A COUNTER MOLD FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING DEVICE WITH HOLLOW METALLIC BAR
BR102017015433B1 (en) * 2017-07-18 2023-04-18 Tupy S.A. SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN IRON COMPONENT BY CONTINUOUS CASTING
CN113399634A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-17 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 Aluminum alloy circular tube casting crystallization equipment and method thereof

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI854737A0 (en) 1985-11-29
FI78630B (en) 1989-05-31
DD246928A5 (en) 1987-06-24
MY103671A (en) 1993-08-28
CZ279837B6 (en) 1995-07-12
AU5079585A (en) 1986-11-27
GB2168633A (en) 1986-06-25
EP0187609A1 (en) 1986-07-16
KR860004672A (en) 1986-07-11
YU44532B (en) 1990-08-31
KR900002035B1 (en) 1990-03-31
SK278337B6 (en) 1996-12-04
IN166053B (en) 1990-03-03
ES549672A0 (en) 1986-12-01
FI78630C (en) 1989-09-11
PL256661A1 (en) 1986-10-07
YU189985A (en) 1988-06-30
GB8528944D0 (en) 1986-01-02
FR2574328A1 (en) 1986-06-13
ZA859288B (en) 1986-08-27
GB2168633B (en) 1989-06-07
FI854737A (en) 1986-06-08
CA1268611A (en) 1990-05-08
JPS61137655A (en) 1986-06-25
BR8506133A (en) 1986-08-26
FR2574328B1 (en) 1987-01-09
RO94202B (en) 1988-07-01
UA5952A1 (en) 1994-12-29
PL147384B1 (en) 1989-05-31
SI8511899A8 (en) 1996-06-30
US4690199A (en) 1987-09-01
CS890985A3 (en) 1992-01-15
ATE45691T1 (en) 1989-09-15
SU1435144A3 (en) 1988-10-30
EG17404A (en) 1991-03-30
DE3572453D1 (en) 1989-09-28
JPH0464771B2 (en) 1992-10-16
RO94202A (en) 1988-06-30
MX167024B (en) 1993-02-19
HRP930760B1 (en) 1996-04-30
TR22824A (en) 1988-08-17
ES8701643A1 (en) 1986-12-01
AU566125B2 (en) 1987-10-08

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