EP0186888B1 - Reciprocating piston engine - Google Patents

Reciprocating piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0186888B1
EP0186888B1 EP85116450A EP85116450A EP0186888B1 EP 0186888 B1 EP0186888 B1 EP 0186888B1 EP 85116450 A EP85116450 A EP 85116450A EP 85116450 A EP85116450 A EP 85116450A EP 0186888 B1 EP0186888 B1 EP 0186888B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve seat
valve
stepped part
locating bore
shoulder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85116450A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0186888A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Klocke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0186888A1 publication Critical patent/EP0186888A1/en
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Publication of EP0186888B1 publication Critical patent/EP0186888B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with a valve seat which can be inserted into the gas exchange duct as a receiving bore in the cylinder head base in the manner of a bushing and which has at least one wholly or partially extending annular space for the coolant flow and which on its side facing the cylinder in one right-angled part of the receiving bore is supported radially via its cylindrical lateral surface and axially on the shoulder formed, forces exerted on the valve seat surface by the valve plate being broken down as radial and axial force components within the valve seat and in their directions of action in the valve seat and in the cylinder head base only in full-walled areas thereof Parts run.
  • Such an arrangement of a valve seat in an internal combustion engine has become known from CH-A-447 711, which is welded to a part of a valve cage serving to receive it.
  • an annular space is provided, through which a cooling liquid flows during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the annular space is predominantly in the housing of the valve cage and engages only slightly in the part of the valve seat facing it.
  • the annular space has a relatively small cross section for the passage of the cooling liquid and it requires the use of a special casting core or machining to produce it. Both methods of producing the annular space are particularly difficult when the annular space is not to be arranged in a valve cage which can be produced per se, but rather directly in the cylinder head base near the receiving bore for the valve seat.
  • a cooled poppet valve for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine has become known, the valve seat of which extends into the gas exchange duct.
  • the valve seat is supported radially and axially in a part of the receiving bore offset on the cylinder side and has an annular cooling channel which is connected to the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • a valve seat of this design is subject to considerable bending stress due to the location of the cooling channel. This is due in particular to the fact that they exert an axial load on the axial force components emanating from the valve via the valve seat surface, and the walls of the cooling channel lying in their area of effect. In order to absorb these forces, the valve seat in this area must be made with large wall thicknesses and in high-quality materials. Both measures lead to a significantly poorer cooling effect at the outlet valve, especially since the high-quality materials have a poorer thermal conductivity.
  • the gas exchange channel 2 is formed on the cylinder side as a receiving bore 3 for a valve seat 4, which merges at its end that runs out toward the cylinder into a part 5 that is offset to a larger diameter.
  • This part 5, which is set apart from the receiving bore 3, is delimited in the axial direction by a shoulder 6, which lies in a plane running at right angles to the central axis of the receiving bore 3.
  • a sleeve-shaped valve seat 4 is provided, which extends from the stepped part 5 to close to the other end of the receiving bore 3.
  • annular space 7 Located on the valve seat 4 in its upper region is an annular space 7 which is delimited on the outside by the receiving bore 3 and which serves for the flow of a coolant.
  • the valve seat 4 In the area of the stepped part 5 of the receiving bore 3, the valve seat 4 is supported radially via its cylindrical outer surface 8 on an outer wall 9 and axially via a flat annular surface on the shoulder 6.
  • the valve seat 4 in its area located in the offset part 5 also has an annular space 12 which is delimited on the outside by the cylinder head base 1.
  • the annular space 12 is connected through a channel 13 to the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine. Between the two annular spaces 7 and 12 provided in the valve seat 4 there are at least two connecting channels 14 for the supply and
  • the radial force components are transmitted directly via the lateral surface of the valve seat 4 to the cylinder head base 1 enclosing the latter, while the axial force components are also directly absorbed by the shoulder 6 according to arrow 19.
  • bending stresses do not occur in the valve seat 4 in the effective range of the radial or the axial force components according to the arrows 18 or 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem in den Gaswechselkanal als Aufnahmebohrung im Zylinderkopfboden nach Art einer Büchse einsetzbaren Ventilsitz, der zumindest einen ganz oder teilweise in diesem verlaufenden Ringraum für den Kühlmitteldurchfluß aufweist und der sich an seiner dem Zylinder zugewandten Seite in einem rechtwinklig abgesetzten Teil der Aufnahmebohrung radial über seine zylindrische Mantelfläche und axial an der gebildeten Schulter abstützt, wobei auf die Ventilsitzfläche vom Ventilteller ausgeübte Kräfte innerhalb des Ventilsitzes als radiale und axiale Kraftkomponenten zerlegt werden und in ihren Wirkrichtungen im Ventilsitz und im Zylinderkopfboden nur in vollwandigen Bereichen dieser Teile verlaufen.The invention relates to a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with a valve seat which can be inserted into the gas exchange duct as a receiving bore in the cylinder head base in the manner of a bushing and which has at least one wholly or partially extending annular space for the coolant flow and which on its side facing the cylinder in one right-angled part of the receiving bore is supported radially via its cylindrical lateral surface and axially on the shoulder formed, forces exerted on the valve seat surface by the valve plate being broken down as radial and axial force components within the valve seat and in their directions of action in the valve seat and in the cylinder head base only in full-walled areas thereof Parts run.

Es ist aus der CH-A-447 711 eine solche Anordnung eines Ventilsitzes bei einer Brennkraftmaschine bekanntgeworden, der mit einem zu seiner Aufnahme dienenden Teil eines Ventilkorbes verschweißt ist. Zur Kühlung des Ventilsitzes ist ein Ringraum vorgesehen, der während des Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine von einer Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmt wird. Der Ringraum befindet sich überwiegend im Gehäuse des Ventilkorbes und greift nur geringfügig in den diesem zugewandten Teil des Ventilsitzes ein. Der Ringraum hat einen relativ kleinen Querschnitt für den Durchtritt der Kühlflüssigkeit und es bedarf zu seiner Herstellung der Verwendung eines besonderen Gießkerns oder einer spanabhebenden Bearbeitung. Beide Verfahren zur Herstellung des Ringraumes sind dann besonders schwierig, wenn der Ringraum nicht in einem für sich herstellbaren Ventilkorb, sondern unmittelbar im Zylinderkopfboden nahe der Aufnahmebohrung für den Ventilsitz angeordnet werden soll.Such an arrangement of a valve seat in an internal combustion engine has become known from CH-A-447 711, which is welded to a part of a valve cage serving to receive it. To cool the valve seat, an annular space is provided, through which a cooling liquid flows during operation of the internal combustion engine. The annular space is predominantly in the housing of the valve cage and engages only slightly in the part of the valve seat facing it. The annular space has a relatively small cross section for the passage of the cooling liquid and it requires the use of a special casting core or machining to produce it. Both methods of producing the annular space are particularly difficult when the annular space is not to be arranged in a valve cage which can be produced per se, but rather directly in the cylinder head base near the receiving bore for the valve seat.

Ferner ist aus der DE-B-23 55 292 ein gekühltes Tellerventil für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine bekanntgeworden, dessen Ventilsitz sich in den Gaswechselkanal hinein erstreckt. Der Ventilsitz stützt sich in einem zylinderseitig abgesetzten Teil der Aufnahmebohrung radial und axial ab und hat einen ringförmigen Kühlkanal, der mit dem Kühlwasserkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine in Verbindung steht. Ein Ventilsitz dieser Bauweise unterliegt jedoch durch die Lage des Kühlkanals erheblichen Biegebeanspruchungen. Dies ist insbesondere dadurch bedingt, daß sie vom Ventil über die Ventilsitzfläche ausgehenden axialen Kraftkomponenten die in deren Wirkungsbereich liegenden Wände des Kühlkanals stark belasten. Um diese Kräfte aufzufangen, muß der Ventilsitz in diesem Bereich mit großen Wandstärken und in hochwertigen Werkstoffen ausgeführt werden. Beide Maßnahmen führen zu einer deutlich schlechteren Kühlwirkung am Auslaßventil, zumal die hochwertigen Werkstoffe einen schlechteren Wärmeleitwert haben.Furthermore, from DE-B-23 55 292 a cooled poppet valve for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine has become known, the valve seat of which extends into the gas exchange duct. The valve seat is supported radially and axially in a part of the receiving bore offset on the cylinder side and has an annular cooling channel which is connected to the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine. However, a valve seat of this design is subject to considerable bending stress due to the location of the cooling channel. This is due in particular to the fact that they exert an axial load on the axial force components emanating from the valve via the valve seat surface, and the walls of the cooling channel lying in their area of effect. In order to absorb these forces, the valve seat in this area must be made with large wall thicknesses and in high-quality materials. Both measures lead to a significantly poorer cooling effect at the outlet valve, especially since the high-quality materials have a poorer thermal conductivity.

Ausgehend von diesen Erkenntnissen ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Ventilsitz der eingangs umrissenen Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß insbesondere die den Kühlkanal im Ventilsitz begrenzenden Wände möglichst wenig auf Biegung beansprucht werden.Based on these findings, it is an object of the invention to improve a valve seat of the type outlined at the outset such that, in particular, the walls delimiting the cooling channel in the valve seat are subjected to as little bending as possible.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Kombination folgender Merkmale:

  • a) der in dem abgesetzten Teil der Aufnahmebohrung im Zylinderkopfboden eingreifende Teil des Ventilsitzes bildet durch eine entsprechende Ausnehmung einen ersten Ringraum, der außen von der Schulter und von der radialen Stützfläche begrenzt ist und
  • b) der Ventilsitz hat in seinem dem Teil in der Aufnahmebohrung anschließenden Bereich einen nach außen von der Aufnahmebohrung des Ventilsitzes begrenzten zweiten Ringraum, der im Bereich der Ventiltulpe liegt und sich in Richtung zum Zylinder maximal bis an die Schulter des abgesetzten Teils der Aufnahmebohrung erstreckt.
The object is achieved according to the invention by combining the following features:
  • a) the part of the valve seat engaging in the stepped part of the receiving bore in the cylinder head base forms a first annular space through a corresponding recess, which is delimited on the outside by the shoulder and by the radial support surface, and
  • b) the valve seat has in its area adjoining the part in the receiving bore a second annular space limited to the outside by the receiving bore of the valve seat, which lies in the area of the valve tulip and extends in the direction of the cylinder up to the shoulder of the stepped part of the receiving bore.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Die einzige Abb. zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Ausschnitt eines Ventilsitzes gemäß der Erfindung im vergrößerten Maßstab.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. The only figure shows a longitudinal section through a section of a valve seat according to the invention on an enlarged scale.

Im Zylinderkopfboden 1 einer flüssigkeitsgekühlten Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine ist einer der mit 2 bezeichneten Gaswechselkanäle mit den darin vorgesehenen Einzelheiten der Einfachheit halber nur einseitig dargestellt. Der Gaswechselkanal 2 ist zylinderseitig als Aufnahmebohrung 3 für einen Ventilsitz 4 ausgebildet, die an ihrem zum Zylinder hin auslaufenden Ende in einen auf einen größeren Durchmesser abgesetzten Teil 5 übergeht. Dieser von der Aufnahmebohrung 3 abgesetzte Teil 5 ist in axialer Richtung durch eine Schulter 6 begrenzt, die in einer rechtwinklig zur Mittelachse der Aufnahmebohrung 3 verlaufenden Ebene liegt. Bei dieser Anordnung ist ein büchsenförmiger Ventilsitz 4 vorgesehen, der sich vom abgesetzten Teil 5 bis nahe zum anderen Ende der Aufnahmebohrung 3 erstreckt. Am Ventilsitz 4 befindet sich in dessen oberem Bereich ein außen von der Aufnahmebohrung 3 begrenzter Ringraum 7, der für den Durchfluß eines Kühlmittels dient. Im Bereich des abgesetzten Teils 5 der Aufnahmebohrung 3 stützt sich der Ventilsitz 4 radial über seine zylindrische Mantelfläche 8 an einer Außenwand 9 und axial über eine ebene Ringfläche an der Schulter 6 ab. Zur ausreichenden Kühlung des Ventilsitzes 4 hat dieser in seinem im abgesetzten Teil 5 befindlichen Bereich noch einen Ringraum 12, der außen vom Zylinderkopfboden 1 begrenzt ist. Der Ringraum 12 steht durch einen Kanal 13 mit dem Kühlwasserkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine in Verbindung. Zwischen den beiden im Ventilsitz 4 vorgesehenen Ringräumen 7 und 12 sind zumindest zwei Verbindungskanäle 14 für die Zu- bzw.In the cylinder head base 1 of a liquid-cooled reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, one of the gas exchange channels denoted by 2 with the details provided therein is only shown on one side for the sake of simplicity. The gas exchange channel 2 is formed on the cylinder side as a receiving bore 3 for a valve seat 4, which merges at its end that runs out toward the cylinder into a part 5 that is offset to a larger diameter. This part 5, which is set apart from the receiving bore 3, is delimited in the axial direction by a shoulder 6, which lies in a plane running at right angles to the central axis of the receiving bore 3. In this arrangement, a sleeve-shaped valve seat 4 is provided, which extends from the stepped part 5 to close to the other end of the receiving bore 3. Located on the valve seat 4 in its upper region is an annular space 7 which is delimited on the outside by the receiving bore 3 and which serves for the flow of a coolant. In the area of the stepped part 5 of the receiving bore 3, the valve seat 4 is supported radially via its cylindrical outer surface 8 on an outer wall 9 and axially via a flat annular surface on the shoulder 6. In order to adequately cool the valve seat 4, the valve seat 4 in its area located in the offset part 5 also has an annular space 12 which is delimited on the outside by the cylinder head base 1. The annular space 12 is connected through a channel 13 to the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine. Between the two annular spaces 7 and 12 provided in the valve seat 4 there are at least two connecting channels 14 for the supply and

Rückführung von Kühlmittel angeordnet. Ein ebenfalls im Ausschnitt dargestelltes Ventil 15 liegt mit seiner Dichtfläche 16 am Ventilsitz 4 an. Beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine wirken vom Ventil 15 auf den Ventilsitz 4 Kräfte ein, die insbesondere durch die auf den Ventilteller wirkenden Verbrennungsdrücke verursacht werden. Diese Kräfte, die in der Zeichnung durch einen Pfeil 17 dargestellt sind, werden durch die um 45° geneigte Dichtfläche 16 im Ventilsitz in radiale und axiale Kraftkomponenten gemäß der Pfeile 18 und 19 zerlegt. Die radialen Kraftkomponenten werden über die Mantelfläche des Ventilsitzes 4 auf den diesen umschließenden Zylinderkopfboden 1 direkt übertragen, während die axialen Kraftkomponenten gemäß Pfeil 19 ebenfalls unmittelbar von der Schulter 6 aufgefangen werden. Somit treten im Ventilsitz 4 weder im Wirkungsbereich der radialen noch der axialen Kraftkomponenten entsprechend der Pfeile 18 bzw. 19 Biegebeanspruchungen auf.Return of coolant arranged. A valve 15, also shown in the cutout, rests with its sealing surface 16 on the valve seat 4. When the internal combustion engine is operating, forces act on the valve seat 4 from the valve 15, which are caused in particular by the combustion pressures acting on the valve disk. These forces, which are shown in the drawing by an arrow 17, are broken down by the 45 ° inclined sealing surface 16 in the valve seat into radial and axial force components according to the arrows 18 and 19. The radial force components are transmitted directly via the lateral surface of the valve seat 4 to the cylinder head base 1 enclosing the latter, while the axial force components are also directly absorbed by the shoulder 6 according to arrow 19. Thus, bending stresses do not occur in the valve seat 4 in the effective range of the radial or the axial force components according to the arrows 18 or 19.

Claims (1)

  1. A reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine including a valve seat (4) insertable in bush-like fashion into the gas-changing flue (2) used as a locating bore (3) in the cylinder head's bottom portion (1), the valve seat having at least one annulus (7 and, respectively, 12) extending entirely or partly therein and serving as a passage for a coolant, in which the valve seat's portion closest to the cylinder is supported in radial direction via its cylindrical surface (8) by a rectangularly stepped part (5) of the locating bore (3) and in axial direction by a shoulder (6) formed by said stepped part, in which the forces exerted by the valve disc on the valve face are resolved within the valve seat (4) as radial and axial force components (arrows 18 and 19 respectively) which along their respective effective directions through the valve seat (4) and the cylinder head's bottom portion (1) act only in solid-wall regions thereof,
    characterized by a combination of the following features:
    a) the valve seat's (4) portion in engagement with the stepped part (5) of the locating bore (3) in the cylinder head's bottom portion (1) is provided, through a suitable recess formed therein, with a first annulus (12) externally bounded by the shoulder (6) and the cylindrical surface (8), and
    b) the valve seat's (4) region adjacent the stepped part (5) of the locating bore (3) is provided with a second annulus (7), which is externally bounded by the locating bore (3) of the valve seat (4), which is disposed in the region of the valve tulip and which extends in the direction towards the cylinder at the most to the shoulder (6) of the stepped part (5) of the locating bore (3).
EP85116450A 1985-01-03 1985-12-21 Reciprocating piston engine Expired EP0186888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853500060 DE3500060A1 (en) 1985-01-03 1985-01-03 PISTON PISTON ENGINE
DE3500060 1985-01-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0186888A1 EP0186888A1 (en) 1986-07-09
EP0186888B1 true EP0186888B1 (en) 1988-04-27

Family

ID=6259209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85116450A Expired EP0186888B1 (en) 1985-01-03 1985-12-21 Reciprocating piston engine

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EP (1) EP0186888B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3500060A1 (en)
FI (1) FI80130C (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4308733A1 (en) * 1993-03-19 1994-09-22 Audi Ag Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine
DE102004027084A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-29 Man B & W Diesel Ag Cooled valve seat ring for a cylinder head of an I.C. engine comprises ring parts forming an annular flow channel which is integrated via inlet and outlet holes in one of the ring parts after pressing into the cylinder head
US9422886B2 (en) * 2013-07-03 2016-08-23 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Cylinder head assembly having cooled valve insert
DE102016008677A1 (en) * 2016-07-16 2018-01-18 Daimler Ag Valve seat ring for a reciprocating engine
US11008973B2 (en) 2017-02-24 2021-05-18 Cummins Inc. Engine cooling system including cooled exhaust seats

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1682499A (en) * 1926-11-18 1928-08-28 Hewitt A Gehres Valve construction
US3285235A (en) * 1964-12-24 1966-11-15 Gen Electric Valve seat insert
GB1100403A (en) * 1965-03-17 1968-01-24 Mirrlees Nat Ltd Improvements in or relating to caged poppet valves for internal combustion engines
CH571154A5 (en) * 1973-10-31 1975-12-31 Sulzer Ag
CH612244A5 (en) * 1976-05-24 1979-07-13 Sulzer Ag
DE3127122C2 (en) * 1981-07-03 1984-10-31 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur Liquid-cooled valve seat for an exhaust valve of a reciprocating internal combustion engine
DE3239353A1 (en) * 1982-10-23 1984-04-26 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Valve seat ring for an intake port of valve-controlled internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0186888A1 (en) 1986-07-09
FI860013A0 (en) 1986-01-02
FI80130C (en) 1990-04-10
FI80130B (en) 1989-12-29
DE3500060A1 (en) 1986-07-03
DE3562404D1 (en) 1988-06-01
FI860013A (en) 1986-07-04

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