EP0181510A1 - Method for dyeing fibrous material - Google Patents

Method for dyeing fibrous material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0181510A1
EP0181510A1 EP85112990A EP85112990A EP0181510A1 EP 0181510 A1 EP0181510 A1 EP 0181510A1 EP 85112990 A EP85112990 A EP 85112990A EP 85112990 A EP85112990 A EP 85112990A EP 0181510 A1 EP0181510 A1 EP 0181510A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dyeing
liquor
mhz
nets
dye
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP85112990A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fredgar Dr. Hoffmann
Jürgen D. I. Rohr
Erich Ziebarth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0181510A1 publication Critical patent/EP0181510A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0005—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
    • D06B19/007—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by application of electric energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dyeing difficult-to-dye materials from native or synthetic fibers, e.g. tightly twisted yarns, ropes, nets and tightly woven tapes and belts.
  • a textile structure is referred to as dyed through if the dyes have penetrated into the interior, that is to say between the individual filaments, fibers or yarns, in such a way that the inner filaments or fibers are colored as deeply as the outer ones.
  • the cut surfaces that arise when the dyed fiber material is cut should not appear bright j .
  • the fiber material is impregnated with dyeing liquor (e.g. by dipping, splashing, pouring, spraying or the like) and brought into a high-frequency field immediately or after a certain dwell time.
  • the frequency can be selected between 1 MHz and 300,000 MHz. Preferred frequency ranges are: 13.56, 27.12 and 40.68 MHz (high frequency in the narrower sense) and 396, 915 and 2,450 MHz (microwaves).
  • the residence time depends on the type and setting of the aggregate (frequency, field strength), the fiber, the dyes and the liquor composition.
  • the dwell time and field strength must be adjusted so that the dyes are sufficiently fixed without undue damage to the fibers.
  • Fiber material to be dyed is preferably nets, in particular fishing nets, made of synthetic polyamide.
  • the energy absorbed by the textiles and the dye liquor carried is in the range from 0.2 to 10 kJ / g fabric weight, preferably between 1 and 4 kJ / g fabric weight.
  • the fixing time can be shortened or the fixing yield increased if substances are added to the dye liquor which have (a) a higher loss factor than water or the fiber and / or (b) a higher boiling point than water.
  • substances are added to the dye liquor which have (a) a higher loss factor than water or the fiber and / or (b) a higher boiling point than water. Examples are: urea, glycerin, glycols.
  • the amounts used are between 0 and 400 g / l of dye liquor, preferably in the range 10-100 g / l.
  • Example 2 In comparison to Example 1, 2.5 g of the same goods were discontinuously dyed in 100 ml of dye liquor under customary conditions.
  • the dye liquor contained 7.5 mg of the dye Acid Blue 62 (C.I. 62045) and was adjusted to a pH of 4 with formic acid. It was dyed at 90 ° C. for 60 min and rinsed as usual. The nodes of the network are not colored through.
  • Example 2 In comparison to Example 1, 2.5 g of the same goods were impregnated with a dye liquor and steamed for 60 minutes in a laboratory steamer in a saturated steam atmosphere at 102 ° C.
  • the dye liquor contained no urea, but otherwise corresponded to the liquor from example 1.
  • the liquor absorption was 80%.
  • the knots were not stained.
  • a sample of a polyamide fishnet are impregnated at room temperature with 2 g of an aqueous liquor in a padder.
  • the liquor contains 60 g / 1 of the dye Acid Black 52 (C.I. 15711) and 50 g / 1 of urea and was adjusted to a pH of 4 using formic acid.
  • the goods are wrapped around a glass rod and placed in the vapor space of a polyethylene container (as in Example 1).
  • the container is irradiated in a Telefunken HFG 126 KW 8 / 1V high-frequency generator for 15 seconds with high-frequency radiation of 27 MHz.
  • the fishnet is then rinsed as usual. A black color is obtained.
  • the knots are colored through.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

To obtain better penetration into tightly twisted yarns, ropes, belts and in particular nets, the materials are impregnated with a dyeing liquor and then introduced into an electromagnetic high-frequency field to fix the dye. The process is suitable in particular for dyeing fishing nets made of synthetic polyamide.

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Färben von schwer durchfärbbaren Materialien aus nativen oder synthetischen Fasern, z.B. dichtgedrehte Garne, Seile, Netze sowie dichtgewebte Bänder und Gurte.The invention relates to a method for dyeing difficult-to-dye materials from native or synthetic fibers, e.g. tightly twisted yarns, ropes, nets and tightly woven tapes and belts.

Ein textiles Gebilde wird im Sinne dieser Erfindung als durchgefärbt bezeichnet, wenn die Farbstoffe in das Innere, das heißt zwischen die einzelnen Filamente, Fasern oder Garne, so eingedrungen sind, daß die inneren Filamente oder Fasern ebenso tief angefärbt sind wie die äußeren. Insbesondere sollen die Schnittflächen, die beim Zerschneiden des gefärbten Fasermaterials entstehenjnicht hell erscheinen. Weiterhin sollen bei mechanischer Beanspruchung - wie Aufdrehen von Seilen, Verziehen von Knoten eines Netzes - keine hellen Stellen auftreten.For the purposes of this invention, a textile structure is referred to as dyed through if the dyes have penetrated into the interior, that is to say between the individual filaments, fibers or yarns, in such a way that the inner filaments or fibers are colored as deeply as the outer ones. In particular, the cut surfaces that arise when the dyed fiber material is cut should not appear bright j . Furthermore, there should be no bright spots under mechanical stress - such as untightening ropes, pulling knots in a network.

Es wurde gefunden, daß sich die Durchfärbung verbessern läßt, wenn die Farbstoffe in einem elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenzfeld fixiert werden.It has been found that through-coloring can be improved if the dyes are fixed in an electromagnetic high-frequency field.

Bei der praktischen Durchführung des neuen Verfahrens wird das Fasermaterial mit Färbeflotte imprägniert (z.B. durch Tauchen, Pflatschen, Aufgießen, Sprühen oder dergleichen) und sofort oder nach einer gewissen Verweilzeit in ein Hochfrequenzfeld gebracht. Die Frequenz kann zwischen 1 MHz und 300 000 MHz gewählt werden. Bevorzugte Frequenzbereiche sind: 13,56, 27,12 und 40,68 MHz (Hochfrequenz im engeren Sinne) sowie 396, 915 und 2.450 MHz (Mikrowellen). Die Verweilzeit richtet sich nach dem Typ und der Einstellung des Aggregates (Frequenz, Feldstärke), der Faser, den Farbstoffen und der Flottenzusammensetzung. Verweilzeit und Feldstärke sind so anzupassen, daß die Farbstoffe ausreichend fixiert werden, ohne daß unzulässige Faserschäden auftreten.In the practical implementation of the new method, the fiber material is impregnated with dyeing liquor (e.g. by dipping, splashing, pouring, spraying or the like) and brought into a high-frequency field immediately or after a certain dwell time. The frequency can be selected between 1 MHz and 300,000 MHz. Preferred frequency ranges are: 13.56, 27.12 and 40.68 MHz (high frequency in the narrower sense) and 396, 915 and 2,450 MHz (microwaves). The residence time depends on the type and setting of the aggregate (frequency, field strength), the fiber, the dyes and the liquor composition. The dwell time and field strength must be adjusted so that the dyes are sufficiently fixed without undue damage to the fibers.

Typische Fixierbedingungen sind für

  • a) Polyamidfasern 100-130°C, 90 min - 3 min
  • b) Polyamidfasern 130-150°C, 3 min - 0,1 min
  • c) Wolle 100-120°C, 90 min - 3 min
  • d) Polyacrylnitrilfasern 100-110°C, 60 min - 5 min
  • e) Zellulosefasern 100-140°C, 10 min - 3 min
  • f) Polyesterfasern 120-140°C, 90 min - 5 min jeweils in einer Dampfatmosphäre, vorzugsweise von 20 - 100 % realtiver Feuchte; sowie für
  • g) Polyesterfasern 180-230°C, 5 min - 0,5 min
Typical fixation conditions are for
  • a) Polyamide fibers 100-130 ° C, 90 min - 3 min
  • b) polyamide fibers 130-150 ° C, 3 min - 0.1 min
  • c) wool 100-120 ° C, 90 min - 3 min
  • d) polyacrylonitrile fibers 100-110 ° C, 60 min - 5 min
  • e) cellulose fibers 100-140 ° C, 10 min - 3 min
  • f) polyester fibers 120-140 ° C, 90 min - 5 min each in a steam atmosphere, preferably from 20 - 100% real humidity; also for
  • g) polyester fibers 180-230 ° C, 5 min - 0.5 min

in Trockenhitze (das heißt mit einer relativen Feuchte unter 10 %) unter Atmosphärendruck. Die angegebenen Temperaturen sind diejenigen der das Textil umgebenden Atmosphäre.in dry heat (i.e. with a relative humidity below 10%) under atmospheric pressure. The temperatures given are those of the atmosphere surrounding the textile.

Bevorzugt zu färbendes Fasermaterial sind Netze, insbesondere Fischernetze, aus synthetischem Polyamid.Fiber material to be dyed is preferably nets, in particular fishing nets, made of synthetic polyamide.

Als Farbstoffe kommen handelsübliche, für die jeweilige Faserart geeignete Typen in Betracht.Commercially available types suitable for the respective fiber type are suitable as dyes.

Die von den Textilien und der mitgeführten Färbeflotte aufgenommene Energie liegt im Bereich von 0,2 - 10 kJ/g Warengewicht, bevorzugt zwischen 1 und 4 kJ/g Warengewicht.The energy absorbed by the textiles and the dye liquor carried is in the range from 0.2 to 10 kJ / g fabric weight, preferably between 1 and 4 kJ / g fabric weight.

Als Aggregate kommen im Fachhandel erhältliche Hochfrequenz-Anlagen sowie Mikrowellenanlagen, z.B. Mikrowellenöfen in Frage.As units are commercially available high-frequency equipment and Mikrowellenanla g s, for example, microwave ovens in question.

Die Hochfrequenzfixierung von Farbstoffen ist im Prinzip bekannt und beispielsweise in JSDC 100, 274 (1984) beschrieben.The high-frequency fixation of dyes is known in principle and is described, for example, in JSDC 100, 274 (1984).

Die Fixierzeit kann verkürzt bzw. die Fixierausbeute erhöht werden, wenn der Farbflotte Substanzen zugesetzt werden, die (a) einen höheren Verlustfaktor aufweisen als Wasser oder die Faser und/oder (b) einen höheren Siedepunkt besitzen als Wasser. Beispiele sind: Harnstoff, Glyzerin, Glykole. Die Einsatzmengen liegen zwischen 0 und 400 g/1 Farbflotte, bevorzugt im Bereich 10-100 g/l.The fixing time can be shortened or the fixing yield increased if substances are added to the dye liquor which have (a) a higher loss factor than water or the fiber and / or (b) a higher boiling point than water. Examples are: urea, glycerin, glycols. The amounts used are between 0 and 400 g / l of dye liquor, preferably in the range 10-100 g / l.

Beispiel 1example 1

2,5 g einer Probe eines Polyamid-Fischnetzes werden in 200 ml einer wäßrigen Flotte getaucht, die sich auf Raumtemperatur befindet und aus 3 g/1 des Farbstoffes Acid Blue 62 (C.I. 62045) und 100 g/1 Harnstoff besteht und deren pH-Wert mit Ameisensäure auf 4 eingestellt wurde. Nach 30 min Verweilzeit wird die Ware entnommen, auf 80 % Flottenaufnahme abgequetscht und um einen Glasstab gewickelt. Die Ware wird in den Dampfraum eines PolyethylenBehälters gebracht, der 300 ml vorher bis zum Sieden erhitzten Wassers enthält und abgedeckt wird. Der Behälter wird in einen AEG Mikrowellenofen Micromat FX 66 LAC gebracht und mit Mikrowellenstrahlung von 2 450 MHz 60 min bestrahlt. Anschließend wird wie üblich gespült. Man erhält eine blaue Färbung mit ca. 85 %iger Ausbeute, bei der die Knoten des Fischnetzes weitgehend durchgefärbt sind.2.5 g of a sample of a polyamide fishnet are immersed in 200 ml of an aqueous liquor which is at room temperature and consists of 3 g / 1 of the dye Acid Blue 62 (CI 62045) and 100 g / 1 of urea and their pH Value was set to 4 with formic acid. After a residence time of 30 minutes, the goods are removed, squeezed to 80% liquor absorption and wrapped around a glass rod. The goods are placed in the steam room of a polyethylene container, which contains 300 ml previously heated to boiling water and is covered. The container is placed in an AEG Micromat FX 66 LAC microwave oven and irradiated with 2 450 MHz microwave radiation for 60 min. Then rinse as usual. A blue color is obtained with a yield of approximately 85%, in which the knots of the fishnet are largely colored.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Vergleichend zu Beispiel 1 wurden 2,5 g der gleichen Ware unter üblichen Bedingungen in 100 ml Farbflotte diskontinuierlich gefärbt. Die Farbflotte enthielt 7,5 mg des Farbstoffs Acid Blue 62 (C.I. 62045) und wurde mit Ameisensäure auf einen pH-Wert von 4 eingestellt. Es wurde 60 min bei 90°C gefärbt und wie üblich gespült. Die Knoten des Netzes sind nicht durchgefärbt.In comparison to Example 1, 2.5 g of the same goods were discontinuously dyed in 100 ml of dye liquor under customary conditions. The dye liquor contained 7.5 mg of the dye Acid Blue 62 (C.I. 62045) and was adjusted to a pH of 4 with formic acid. It was dyed at 90 ° C. for 60 min and rinsed as usual. The nodes of the network are not colored through.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Vergleichend zu Beispiel 1 wurden 2,5 g der gleichen Ware mit Farbflotte imprägniert und 60 min in einem Labordämpfer in einer Sattdampf-Atmosphäre bei 102°C gedämpft.In comparison to Example 1, 2.5 g of the same goods were impregnated with a dye liquor and steamed for 60 minutes in a laboratory steamer in a saturated steam atmosphere at 102 ° C.

Die Farbflotte enthielt keinen Harnstoff, entsprach aber im übrigen der Flotte aus Beispiel 1. Die Flottenaufnahme betrug 80 %. Die Knoten wurden nicht durchgefärbt.The dye liquor contained no urea, but otherwise corresponded to the liquor from example 1. The liquor absorption was 80%. The knots were not stained.

Beispiel 4Example 4

2,5 g einer Probe eines Polyamid-Fischnetzes werden bei Raumtemperatur mit 2 g einer wäßrigen Flotte in einem Foulard imprägniert. Die Flotte enthält 60 g/1 des Farbstoffes Acid Black 52 (C.I. 15711) sowie 50 g/1 Harnstoff und wurde mit Ameisensäure auf einen pH-Wert von 4 eingestellt. Die Ware wird um einen Glasstab gewickelt und in den Dampfraum eines Polyethylenbehälters (wie in Beispiel 1) gebracht. Der Behälter wird in einem Telefunken Hochfrequenz-Generator HFG 126 KW 8/1V 15 sec mit Hochfrequenz-Strahlung von 27 MHz bestrahlt. Anschließend wird das Fischnetz wie üblich gespült. Man erhält eine schwarze Färbung. Die Knoten sind durchgefärbt.2.5 g of a sample of a polyamide fishnet are impregnated at room temperature with 2 g of an aqueous liquor in a padder. The liquor contains 60 g / 1 of the dye Acid Black 52 (C.I. 15711) and 50 g / 1 of urea and was adjusted to a pH of 4 using formic acid. The goods are wrapped around a glass rod and placed in the vapor space of a polyethylene container (as in Example 1). The container is irradiated in a Telefunken HFG 126 KW 8 / 1V high-frequency generator for 15 seconds with high-frequency radiation of 27 MHz. The fishnet is then rinsed as usual. A black color is obtained. The knots are colored through.

Beispiel 5Example 5

8 g Polyester-Nähgarn werein in einem Foulard mit 3,2 g einer wäßrigen Flotte imprägniert. Diese enthält 0,3 g/1 des Farbstoffs Disperse Blue. 165 (C.I. 11077), 10 g/1 eines Polyacrylats (übliches Klotzhilfsmittel), 100 g/1 Harnstoff und wurde mit Essigsäure auf pH 6 eingestellt. Das Garn wird in einen Druckbehälter gebracht und in einem Mirkowellenofen (siehe Beispiel 1) in 2 min auf 135°C erwärmt und 15 min bei 135°C behandelt. Es wird wie üblich reduktiv nachgereinigt. Man erhält ein gut durchgefärbtes Garn.8 g of polyester sewing thread are impregnated in a foulard with 3.2 g of an aqueous liquor. This contains 0.3 g / 1 of the Disperse Blue dye. 165 (CI 11077), 10 g / 1 of a polyacrylate (usual padding aid), 100 g / 1 Urea and was adjusted to pH 6 with acetic acid. The yarn is placed in a pressure vessel and heated in a microwave oven (see Example 1) to 135 ° C. in 2 minutes and treated at 135 ° C. for 15 minutes. It is reductively cleaned as usual. A well-dyed yarn is obtained.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Färben von dichtgedrehten Garnen, Seilen, Netzen sowie dichtgewebten Bändern und Gurten aus nativen oder synthetischen Fasern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Farbstoffe auf diesen mit einer Färbeflotte imprägnierten Fasermaterialien in einem elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenzfeld fixiert werden.1. A method for dyeing tightly twisted yarns, ropes, nets and tightly woven tapes and belts made of native or synthetic fibers, characterized in that the dyes are fixed on these with a dye liquor impregnated fiber materials in an electromagnetic radio frequency field. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Netze aus Polyamidfasern färbt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that dyeing nets made of polyamide fibers. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Feldfrequenz 1 MHz bis 300 000 MHz beträgt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the field frequency is 1 MHz to 300 000 MHz. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dabei von den Fasermaterialien und der anhaftenden Färbeflotte aufgenommene Energie 0,2-10 kJ/g beträgt.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy absorbed by the fiber materials and the adhering dye liquor is 0.2-10 kJ / g. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Färbeflotte Substanzen enthält, die einen höheren Verlustfaktor und/oder höheren Siedepunkt als Wasser aufweisen.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dyeing liquor contains substances which have a higher loss factor and / or higher boiling point than water.
EP85112990A 1984-10-26 1985-10-14 Method for dyeing fibrous material Withdrawn EP0181510A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843439305 DE3439305A1 (en) 1984-10-26 1984-10-26 METHOD FOR COLORING FIBER MATERIALS
DE3439305 1984-10-26

Publications (1)

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EP0181510A1 true EP0181510A1 (en) 1986-05-21

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EP85112990A Withdrawn EP0181510A1 (en) 1984-10-26 1985-10-14 Method for dyeing fibrous material

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JP (1) JPS61108784A (en)
DE (1) DE3439305A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19743792A1 (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-08 Spindelfabrik Neudorf Gmbh Wound bobbin fixing device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1257807A (en) * 1968-03-29 1971-12-22
FR2358802A1 (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-10 Finlay Maxwell David HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING PROCESS
EP0065058A1 (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-24 The Ichikin, Ltd. Improved method and apparatus for aftertreatment of a printed textile sheet by application of microwaves

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1257807A (en) * 1968-03-29 1971-12-22
FR2358802A1 (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-10 Finlay Maxwell David HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING PROCESS
EP0065058A1 (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-24 The Ichikin, Ltd. Improved method and apparatus for aftertreatment of a printed textile sheet by application of microwaves

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19743792A1 (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-08 Spindelfabrik Neudorf Gmbh Wound bobbin fixing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61108784A (en) 1986-05-27
DE3439305A1 (en) 1986-04-30

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