EP0181353B1 - Device and process for separating granular material - Google Patents

Device and process for separating granular material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0181353B1
EP0181353B1 EP85901960A EP85901960A EP0181353B1 EP 0181353 B1 EP0181353 B1 EP 0181353B1 EP 85901960 A EP85901960 A EP 85901960A EP 85901960 A EP85901960 A EP 85901960A EP 0181353 B1 EP0181353 B1 EP 0181353B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidised bed
zone
outlet
bed table
tables
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP85901960A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0181353A1 (en
Inventor
Roman Müller
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Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Priority to AT85901960T priority Critical patent/ATE34674T1/en
Publication of EP0181353A1 publication Critical patent/EP0181353A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the light components are separated by special readout tables (such as paddy readers or light grain readers).
  • readout tables such as paddy readers or light grain readers.
  • the upper fluidized bed table primarily serves to cleanly separate the light fraction and has an elongated shape for this purpose. It can easily be tilted further from the inlet end to the outlet end. The product is continuously conveyed over the slightly inclined vibrating table with a throwing swing movement directed against the outlet.
  • the heavy goods are then thrown along a second section onto the lower fluidized bed table immediately below, the task of which is to read out the heavy goods and the parts with a greater specific weight (such as stones, glass, metal, etc.).
  • a vibratory drive which, however, generates a throwing motion against that of the upper fluidized bed table.
  • the lower fluidized bed table is inclined in the same direction as the upper one, but its swinging movement is oriented towards the higher outlet for the heaviest parts.
  • the invention is based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages indicated and of achieving a better utilization of the given fluidized bed table surfaces without loss of the S t , in order in particular to be able to simultaneously read out a mixed fraction with high selectivity.
  • the two fluidized bed tables are arranged in parallel and rigidly connected to one another by a common housing.
  • a common vibratory drive induces the fluidized bed tables to perform the same swinging motion in terms of direction, amplitude and frequency.
  • the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the swinging motion optimally on the lower fluidized bed table, i.e. Adjusted to the quality of the stone selection, disturbances in the material flow, i.e. in the quality of light grain selection.
  • the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the throwing swing movement are optimally matched to the upper fluidized bed table, there is a risk that larger quantities of the stones will be removed together with the good grains.
  • An optimization of the separation quality is not possible in a satisfactory manner in this device because of the lack of a false floor.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 has an inlet 1 for the granular material or the raw material, which falls directly onto the higher end of an upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • a lower fluidized bed table 3 is installed at a distance below the upper one in a common frame 4. Both tables are set in motion with the frame 4 by an oscillating drive 5, for which purpose they are mounted on a frame 8 by means of a spring 6 or a height-adjustable oscillating support 7.
  • On the frame 8, two side wall parts 9 are also attached, on which an exhaust hood 10 connected to an intake line is placed. This is divided into individual zones 11 by transverse walls. Each zone 11 has an air adjustment flap 32, so that the size of the flow cross section can be set individually in each individual zone.
  • the upper fluidized bed table 2 has a light material outlet 14, whereas the lower fluidized bed table 3 is assigned a stone outlet 13, and an outlet 15 each for the heavy fraction and an outlet 16 for the middle mixed fraction.
  • the upper fluidized bed table in a region (V) has a smooth surface with a large number of fine perforations, the region (V) of the upper table surface is permeable to air, but impermeable to the raw material. There is then a zone of coarse perforations 24 over the entire width, which can also be replaced by a passage slot across the entire width.
  • the table surface In a region (A) adjoining the coarse perforations, which extends to the light material outlet 14, the table surface also has coarse, possibly medium-coarse perforations 24 'through which the various raw material fractions can fall. It is essential that the upper table does not have a sieve function, since all of the diaphragm openings are larger than the largest part of the material flow. The stratification is obtained by the air flow. The whole lower layer falls through the rough openings. The openings can easily make up 20 to 50% of the entire table area.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 is permeable to air over the entire surface, but impermeable to the falling material. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it has a lower perforated plate 20 with a perforation 21 over which a parallel mesh 23 is arranged. In the space between the perforated plate 20 and the mesh 23, cheekboard-like bulkhead walls 22 are provided, which divide the flow cross-section for the air into rectangular channels.
  • a base 17 is essential for the separation of a medium fraction, which allows the separation of medium-heavy grains from the material falling through the upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • the bottom 17 consists of a number of flaps 18 which extend from one longitudinal wall of the frame 4 to the other and are pivotably mounted in these longitudinal walls about their longitudinal center. The length of the bottom 17 ending at the outlet 16 and thus the quantitative proportion of the medium-heavy fraction in the falling material is determined by the number of flaps 18 pivoted coplanarly against one another.
  • the chute 19 conveys the proportion of material enriched with the stones and with the heaviest grains, which then falls through the upper fluidized bed table 2 to the first product-permeable area against the stone outlet 13.
  • FIG. 4 shows the device again with regard to its mode of operation and the material flow occurring therein.
  • the product enters the device at the inlet 1 and is layered in a first region of the upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • the lowermost layer is thrown through the rough perforations 24 onto the slide 19 in the central region and conveyed in the direction of arrow 25 against the stone outlet 13.
  • the stones are discharged at stone outlet 13. 4 now also contains several design ideas.
  • the threshold 31 is also set such that it comes to lie directly above the rear end of the slide 19 '.
  • the threshold 31 also represents a stop for the heavy layer on the upper table.
  • the diarrhea on the slide 19 is D, respectively. D 'designated.
  • zone D or D ' another stratification is formed between a lower mixed fraction and a very light fraction. From the mixed fraction, a selectable part can initially be drawn off directly onto the stone reading table 3 by means of open flaps 18. This part is fed to the outlet 15 for the heavy grain fraction above the lower part of the stone selection table.
  • the slide 19 and intermediate floor 17 from one piece, that is to say without the possibility of an intermediate diarrhea on the stone reading table 3.
  • both together form a roof that is inclined on two sides.
  • the possibility of double air control of the suction air is particularly interesting for the overall function of the device.
  • the special construction of the lower fluidized bed table 3 uniform ventilation is achieved over the entire table surface, regardless of the layer thickness of the grain.
  • the function of the upper fluidized bed table 2 requires for the areas that follow from left to right, i.e. for the product stratification, for throwing off the stones and the heavy grain fraction as well as for the separation into medium-heavy and light goods, in each case a specifically controlled and adapted amount of air, which can be adjusted by means of the adjusting flaps 32.
  • the two fluidized bed tables 1 and 3 are preferably parallel to one another and adjustable between 5 ° and 10 ° by means of the vibration support 7 with reference to a horizontal plane (angle 26).
  • the direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5 intersects the planes of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 at an angle of 25 ° to 45 ° (angle 27), whereas the plane of the bottom 17 or the plane of the slide 19 each with an angle of those of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 from 5 ° to 40 ° (angle 28) or an angle from 0 ° to 65 ° (angle 29).
  • the inclination of the lower fluidized bed table 3 is set in such a way that it is the most favorable for the separation of the stones through the outlet 13.
  • the inclination of the upper fluidized bed table 2 should be less optimal for separating the other fractions.
  • the length adjustability of the base 17 the amount of the mixed fraction to be discharged through the outlet 16 can be increased or reduced, in particular in the case of large throughput differences, at the expense of the heavy grain fraction to be discharged through the outlet 15. Due to the inclination of the base 17, the material falling thereon can flow into the outlet 16 without delay, despite the opposite direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5.
  • the bottom 17 can also be designed in a step-like manner, suction air being able to flow from the lower fluidized bed table 3 to the upper one in the area of the steps, which facilitates a uniform air flow through it; the lightest fraction (shells, husks, etc.) is discharged as an expulsion of the upper layer table 2 through an outlet 14 '.
  • the upper end of the slide 19 lies under the area (D) directly adjoining the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2, through which almost all the stones fall in order to guide them as far as possible into the middle area of the lower table 3.
  • the slide 19 is preferably mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner in the frame 4, so that its upper end can be brought to a greater or smaller distance from the end of the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2. This makes it possible to catch practically all the stones with the slide 19 and to transfer them to the lower fluidized bed table 3 for the final separation.
  • a transversely oriented threshold 31 is arranged on the upper fluidized bed table 2 in the zone of coarse perforations 24.
  • the threshold 31 can also be arranged adjustable depending on the product throughput and the arrangement of the upper collecting end 19 'of the slide 19.
  • zone “V” for pre-layering the material is approximately the same length as zone “A” for separating the light fractions or a mixed fraction.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 also has a non-ventilated base piece 30.
  • the base piece 30 has several functions. The portion of the heavy fraction thrown from zone “A” after the chute 19 directly onto the lower fluidized bed table 3 no longer disturbs the layering process on the lower fluidized bed table 3, since no build-up can occur at this point.
  • a second function is that the total amount of air enters through the part of the lower fluidized bed table 3 in which the air is actually used. The air only enters or through the device where it has to do work.
  • the table 8a is a top view of the upper vibrating table.
  • the table has a rectangular shape in a first area “V”.
  • the adjoining zone “A” narrows towards the outlet in order to maintain the stratification until the end, with the progressive diarrhea of the goods through area “A”.
  • FIG. 8b only shows a doubling of FIG. 8a.
  • the device described is in a special way for separating heavy parts, such as broken glass, fine metal parts, stones and the like. Heavy grains, broken, withered and light grains, seeds, shells, dirt and the like. suitable from cereals.
  • compost namely the removal of heavy parts and light material from shredded compost, in particular with mature dry garbage compost, provided the material is free-flowing.
  • the heavy parts stones, broken glass, fine metal parts
  • the light parts small pieces of plastic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP85/00209 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 23, 1985 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 23, 1985 PCT Filed May 8, 1985 PCT Pub. No. WO85/05050 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 21, 1985.In an apparatus for separating heavy material, more particularly stones, from cereals and other bulk goods, two superposed inclined vibrating tables (1, 2) are provided which have the same air flowing through them and a common drive (30), a product inlet (6) being provided at the top table (2). The bottom table (1) is constructed as a stone separating table and the top vibrating table is constructed throughout as a layering table and only its bottom end has a short zone (11) for the layer concentrated in heavy material to drop through and a discharge (19) to the bottom vibrating table (1). The discharge (19) is directed towards a central zone (B) of the bottom table (1). The material charged to the top vibrating table (2) via the product inlet (6) is layered thereon over its entire length and 20% to 80% of the flow of material containing the heavy material are withdrawn at its lower end and then discarded on to the middle zone (B) of the bottom table (1) in the form of a curtain to act as a material supply.

Description

Für die Getreidereinigung müssen vor der Vermahlung des Korngutes sämtliche Fremdbestandteile wie auch der Schmutz entfernt werden. Die Reinigung erfolgt dabei in mehreren Etappen. Üblicherweise werden grosse Fremdkörper mit Siebeinrichtungen ausgeschieden, wobei die Maschengrösse jeweils so gewählt wird, dass mit Sicherheit das gesamte Korngut als Durchfall gewonnen wird und alle Teile, die grösser als der Abstoss sind, abgetrennt werden. Feiner Schmutz und feiner Sand können gleichzeitig durch ein entsprechend fein gelochtes Sieb ausgeschieden werden. Auf diese Weise erhält man das eigentliche Korngut mit einem Fremdbesatz, der insbesondere aus kleinen Steinen, Glassplittern sowie Metallteilen sowie aus verschiedenem leichten Besatz (wie grosse Schalenteile, Bruchstücke von Halmen und Fremd-Sämereien) besteht, die alle in einem gewissen Korngrössenspektrum liegen, z.B. bei Weizensorten im Bereich von 2mm bis 6mm oder bei Mais im Bereich zwischen 5mm und 20mm. Die leichten Bestandteile werden, je nach ihrer äusseren Form und Grösse, durch spezielle Auslesetische (wie z.B. Paddy-Ausleser oder Leichtkornausleser) separiert. Noch bis vor etwa 20 Jahren wurde ein Grossteil des auf diese Weise auf einen bestimmten Granulationsbereich vorgesiebten und von den leichten Bestandteilen befreiten Korngutes durch ein Wasserbad geführt und dabei der anhaftende Schmutz sowie die Steine ausgeschwemmt. Die Steine konnten wegen ihrer grösseren Schwere auf diese Weise im Setzverfahren auf dem Boden der Waschmaschine gesammelt werden.For grain cleaning, all foreign matter and dirt must be removed before the grain is ground. The cleaning takes place in several stages. Large foreign bodies are usually separated out with sieve devices, the mesh size being selected in such a way that the entire grain is certainly obtained as diarrhea and all parts which are larger than the repulsion are separated off. Fine dirt and fine sand can be separated out at the same time through an appropriately finely perforated sieve. In this way, the actual grain is obtained with foreign material, which consists in particular of small stones, glass fragments and metal parts as well as various light materials (such as large shell parts, fragments of straws and foreign seeds), all of which are in a certain grain size range, e.g. with wheat varieties in the range from 2mm to 6mm or with corn in the range between 5mm and 20mm. Depending on their outer shape and size, the light components are separated by special readout tables (such as paddy readers or light grain readers). Until about 20 years ago, a large part of the grain that had been pre-screened in this way to a certain granulation area and freed from the light constituents was passed through a water bath and the adhering dirt and stones were washed out. The stones could be collected in this way on the floor of the washing machine due to their greater weight.

Der grosse Vorteil dieser bislang in weitem Rahmen eingesetzten Reinigungsmethode liegt in ihrer sehr grossen Reinigungswirkung, der Nachteil jedoch im Anfall sehr grosser Mengen verschmutzten Waschwassers, das wegen der Gefahr einer mikrobiologischen Verseuchung nur einmal verwendet werden durfte und anschliessend ebenfalls gereinigt werden musste.The big advantage of this cleaning method, which has been used widely so far, is its very high cleaning effect, but the disadvantage in the case of very large quantities of dirty washing water, which due to the risk of microbiological contamination could only be used once and then also had to be cleaned.

Die EP-A 58 778 offenbart eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art. Darin wird ein neuer Weg für die Trennung von Getreide und ähnlichem Korngut in einzelnen Fraktionen vorgeschlagen. Dabei werden die drei Hauptfraktionen, nämlich das Schwerkorn, das Leichtkorn und die Steine mit einer einzigen Maschine aus dem Getreide ausgelesen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei

  • 1. eine saubere Trennung in Schwer- und Leichtkorn, sowie
  • 2. eine so gut wie vollständige Steinauslese bei einem einzigen Durchlauf durch eine Maschine, jedoch unter Anwendung von zwei übereinander angeordneten, von der gleichen Luft durchströmten Schwingtischen.
EP-A 58 778 discloses a device of the type mentioned in the introduction. It proposes a new way of separating grain and similar grain in individual fractions. The three main fractions, namely the heavy grain, the light grain and the stones are extracted from the grain with a single machine. The focus is on this
  • 1. a clean separation into heavy and light grain, as well
  • 2. A virtually complete stone selection in a single pass through a machine, but using two vibration tables arranged one above the other, through which the same air flows.

Für das Erreichen dieser hohen qualitativen Anforderungen ist es dabei aber notwendig, jeden Arbeitsabschnitt unter optimalen Bedingungen durchzuführen. Der obere Wirbelschichttisch dient in erster Linie einer sauberen Trennung der Leichtfraktion und weist hierfür eine längliche Form auf. Er ist weiter vom Einlaufende zum Auslaufende leicht neigbar. Mit einer gegen den Auslauf gerichteten Wurfschwingbewegung wird das Produkt kontinuierlich über den leicht geneigten Schwingtisch gefördert.To achieve these high quality requirements, however, it is necessary to carry out each work step under optimal conditions. The upper fluidized bed table primarily serves to cleanly separate the light fraction and has an elongated shape for this purpose. It can easily be tilted further from the inlet end to the outlet end. The product is continuously conveyed over the slightly inclined vibrating table with a throwing swing movement directed against the outlet.

Längs einem zweiten Abschnitt wird sodann das Schwergut auf den unmittelbar darunter befindlichen unteren Wirbelschichttisch abgeworfen, dessen Aufgabe darin besteht, das Schwergut und die ein grösseres spezifisches Gewicht aufweisenden Teile (wie Steine, Glas, Metall usw.) auszulesen. Zu diesem Zweck ist er ebenfalls mit einem Schwingantrieb ausgerüstet, der jedoch eine Wurfschwingbewegung entgegen der des oberen Wirbelschichttisches erzeugt. Der untere Wirbelschichttisch ist in die gleiche Richtung geneigt wie der obere, seine Schwingbewegung ist jedoch in Richtung zum höher gelegenen Auslauf für die schwersten Teile ausgerichtet.The heavy goods are then thrown along a second section onto the lower fluidized bed table immediately below, the task of which is to read out the heavy goods and the parts with a greater specific weight (such as stones, glass, metal, etc.). For this purpose, it is also equipped with a vibratory drive, which, however, generates a throwing motion against that of the upper fluidized bed table. The lower fluidized bed table is inclined in the same direction as the upper one, but its swinging movement is oriented towards the higher outlet for the heaviest parts.

Der bauliche Aufwand und der Preis dieser bekannten Vorrichtung sind jedoch so gross, dass schon hierdurch dem Einsatz dieses Gerätes enge Grenzen gesetzt sind.However, the construction effort and the price of this known device are so great that the use of this device is already limited.

Darüberhinaus hat es sich auch noch gezeigt, dass bei dieser Bauart nur eine beschränkte Steigerung des Produktdurchsatzes möglich ist, da bei zu grossen Durchsatzleistungen die präzise Führung der Wirbelschicht durch Steuerung der örtlichen Luftmenge nicht mehr ausreichend gut erfolgt und damit die Ausbildung der gewünschten Schichtung nicht mehr in gewünschtem Mass erzielt werden kann.In addition, it has also been shown that with this type of construction, only a limited increase in the product throughput is possible, since if the throughput rates are too high, the precise guidance of the fluidized bed by controlling the local air volume is no longer carried out sufficiently well, and thus the desired stratification is no longer formed can be achieved to the desired extent.

Weitere Nachteile dieser Maschine sind, dass sie eine geübte Bedienungsperson für die optimale Einstellung sowie einen hohen Antriebsenergiebedarf erfordert.Further disadvantages of this machine are that it requires a skilled operator for the optimal setting and a high drive energy requirement.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die aufgezeigten Nachteile zu beheben, und eine bessere Ausnützung der gegebenen Wirbelschichttischflächen ohne Einbusse der Steinauslese zu erreichen, um insbesondere gleichzeitig eine Mischfraktion mit hoher Trennschärfe auslesen zu können.The invention is based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages indicated and of achieving a better utilization of the given fluidized bed table surfaces without loss of the S t , in order in particular to be able to simultaneously read out a mixed fraction with high selectivity.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Bei der Vorrichtung gemäss der FR-A 2316004 sind die beiden Wirbelschichttische parallel angeordnet und starr durch ein gemeinsames Gehäuse miteinander verbunden. Ein gemeinsamer Schwingantrieb induziert den Wirbelschichttischen eine nach Richtung, Amplitude und Frequenz gleiche Wurfschwingbewegung. Sind hier die Neigung der Wirbelschichttische und die Wurfschwingbewegung optimal auf den unteren Wirbelschichttisch, d.h. auf die Qualität der Steinauslese abgestimmt, können auf dem oberen Wirbelschichttisch Störungen im Materialfluss, d.h. in der Qualität der Leichtkornauslese eintreten. Wird dagegen die Neigung der Wirbelschichttische und die Wurfschwingbewegung optimal auf den oberen Wirbelschichttisch abgestimmt, so besteht die Gefahr, dass grössere Mengen der Steine zusammen mit den guten Körnern ausgetragen werden. Eine Optimierung der Trennqualität ist bei dieser Vorrichtung wegen des fehlenden Zwischenbodens nicht in befriedigender Weise möglich.In the device according to FR-A 2316004, the two fluidized bed tables are arranged in parallel and rigidly connected to one another by a common housing. A common vibratory drive induces the fluidized bed tables to perform the same swinging motion in terms of direction, amplitude and frequency. Here are the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the swinging motion optimally on the lower fluidized bed table, i.e. Adjusted to the quality of the stone selection, disturbances in the material flow, i.e. in the quality of light grain selection. If, on the other hand, the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the throwing swing movement are optimally matched to the upper fluidized bed table, there is a risk that larger quantities of the stones will be removed together with the good grains. An optimization of the separation quality is not possible in a satisfactory manner in this device because of the lack of a false floor.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele in weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt (im Prinzip) durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Teilausschnitt aus einer Draufsicht auf den unteren Wirbelschichttisch, aus der Vorrichtung nach der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 den Schnitt 111-111 aus Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 schematisch den Materialfluss in der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 ein Detailausschnitt der Vorrichtung aus der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 7 eine entsprechende Darstellung der Fig. 1 eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 8a einen Grundriss des oberen Schichttisches,
  • Fig. 8b eine Doppelausführung für grosse Durchsatzleistungen.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of a few exemplary embodiments. Show it
  • 1 is a vertical section (in principle) through an inventive device,
  • 2 shows a partial section from a top view of the lower fluidized bed table, from the device according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows the section 111-111 from FIG. 2,
  • 4 schematically shows the material flow in the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1,
  • 5 shows a detail of the device from FIG. 1,
  • 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention,
  • 7 shows a corresponding illustration of FIG. 1 of a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention,
  • 8a is a plan view of the upper layer table,
  • Fig. 8b a double version for high throughputs.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Vorrichtung weist einen Einlauf 1 für das körnige Gut bzw. das Rohgut auf, welches direkt auf das höherliegende Ende eines oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 fällt. Ein unterer Wirbelschichttisch 3 ist mit Abstand unter dem oberen, in einen gemeinsamen Rahmen 4 eingebaut. Beide Tische werden mit dem Rahmen 4 durch einen Schwingantrieb 5 in Schwingung versetzt, wozu sie mittels einer Feder 6 bzw. einer in der Höhe einstellbaren Schwingstütze 7 auf einem Gestell 8 gelagert sind. Am Gestell 8 sind ferner zwei seitliche Wandteile 9 befestigt, auf die eine an eine Ansaugleitung angeschlossene Ablufthaube 10 aufgesetzt ist. Diese ist durch Querwände in einzelne Zonen 11 unterteilt. Jede Zone 11 weist eine Lufteinstellklappe 32 auf, so dass in jeder einzelnen Zone die Grösse des Strömungsquerschnittes individuell einstellbar ist. Der obere Wirbelschichttisch 2 weist einen Leichtgutauslauf 14 auf, wogegen dem unteren Wirbelschichttisch 3 ein Steinauslauf 13, sowie je ein Auslauf 15 für die schwere Fraktion und ein Auslauf 16 für die mittlere Mischfraktion zugeordnet sind.The device shown in FIG. 1 has an inlet 1 for the granular material or the raw material, which falls directly onto the higher end of an upper fluidized bed table 2. A lower fluidized bed table 3 is installed at a distance below the upper one in a common frame 4. Both tables are set in motion with the frame 4 by an oscillating drive 5, for which purpose they are mounted on a frame 8 by means of a spring 6 or a height-adjustable oscillating support 7. On the frame 8, two side wall parts 9 are also attached, on which an exhaust hood 10 connected to an intake line is placed. This is divided into individual zones 11 by transverse walls. Each zone 11 has an air adjustment flap 32, so that the size of the flow cross section can be set individually in each individual zone. The upper fluidized bed table 2 has a light material outlet 14, whereas the lower fluidized bed table 3 is assigned a stone outlet 13, and an outlet 15 each for the heavy fraction and an outlet 16 for the middle mixed fraction.

Weiter weist der obere Wirbelschichttisch in einem Bereich (V) eine glatte Oberfläche mit einer grossen Anzahl feiner Lochungen auf, der Bereich (V) der oberen Tischfläche ist zwar luftdurchlässig, für das Rohgut aber undurchlässsig. Anschliessend befindet sich über der ganzen Breite eine Zone grober Lochungen 24, welche auch durch einen Durchtrittsschlitz quer über die ganze Breite ersetzt sein können. In einem, an die groben Lochungen anschliessenden Bereich (A), der sich bis zum Leichtgutauslauf 14 erstreckt, weist die Tischfläche ebenfalls grobe, gegebenfalls mittelgrobe Lochungen 24' auf, durch welche die verschiedenen Rohgutfraktionen hindurchfallen können. Wesentlich ist dabei, dass der obere Tisch keine Siebfunktion hat, da alle Durchfallöffnungen grösser sind als die grössten Teile des Gutstromes. Die Schichtung wird durch den Luftstrom erhalten. Durch die groben Öffnungen fällt gleichsam die ganze untere Schicht. Die Öffnungen können dabei ohne weiteres 20 bis 50 % der ganzen Tischfläche ausmachen.Furthermore, the upper fluidized bed table in a region (V) has a smooth surface with a large number of fine perforations, the region (V) of the upper table surface is permeable to air, but impermeable to the raw material. There is then a zone of coarse perforations 24 over the entire width, which can also be replaced by a passage slot across the entire width. In a region (A) adjoining the coarse perforations, which extends to the light material outlet 14, the table surface also has coarse, possibly medium-coarse perforations 24 'through which the various raw material fractions can fall. It is essential that the upper table does not have a sieve function, since all of the diaphragm openings are larger than the largest part of the material flow. The stratification is obtained by the air flow. The whole lower layer falls through the rough openings. The openings can easily make up 20 to 50% of the entire table area.

Der untere Wirbelschichttisch 3 ist auf der ganzen Fläche luftdurchlässig, jedoch undurchlässig für das herabfallende Gut. Wie die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, weist er eine untere Lochplatte 20 mit einer Lochung 21 auf, über der ein paralleles Maschengitter 23 angeordnet ist. Im Zwischenraum zwischen der Lochplatte 20 und dem Maschengitter 23 sind schachbrettartig Schottenwände 22 vorgesehen, welche den Durchströmungsquerschnitt für die Luft in rechteckige Kanäle unterteilen.The lower fluidized bed table 3 is permeable to air over the entire surface, but impermeable to the falling material. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it has a lower perforated plate 20 with a perforation 21 over which a parallel mesh 23 is arranged. In the space between the perforated plate 20 and the mesh 23, cheekboard-like bulkhead walls 22 are provided, which divide the flow cross-section for the air into rectangular channels.

Wesentlich für das Ausscheiden einer mittleren Fraktion ist ein Boden 17, der die Abtrennung mittelschwerer Körner aus dem durch den oberen Wirbelschichttisch 2 hindurchfallenden Gut erlaubt. Der Boden 17 besteht aus einer Anzahl Klappen 18, die sich von einer Längswand des Rahmens 4 zur anderen erstrecken und in diesen Längswänden um ihre Längsmitte schwenkbar gelagert sind. Die Länge des beim Auslauf 16 endenden Bodens 17 und damit der mengenmässige Anteil der mittelschweren Fraktion am herabfallenden Gut wird durch die Anzahl der koplanar aneinander geschwenkten Klappen 18 bestimmt.A base 17 is essential for the separation of a medium fraction, which allows the separation of medium-heavy grains from the material falling through the upper fluidized bed table 2. The bottom 17 consists of a number of flaps 18 which extend from one longitudinal wall of the frame 4 to the other and are pivotably mounted in these longitudinal walls about their longitudinal center. The length of the bottom 17 ending at the outlet 16 and thus the quantitative proportion of the medium-heavy fraction in the falling material is determined by the number of flaps 18 pivoted coplanarly against one another.

Ein wesentlicher Punkt liegt weiter in der Verwendung einer Rutsche 19, welche in der Neigung und in der Länge einstellbar sein kann. Die Rutsche 19 befördert den mit den Steinen sowie mit den schwersten Körnern angereicherten Gutanteil, der durch den oberen Wirbelschichttisch 2 anschliessend an den ersten produktendurchlässigen Bereich hindurchfällt gegen den Steinauslauf 13.Another essential point is the use of a slide 19, which can be adjustable in length and inclination. The chute 19 conveys the proportion of material enriched with the stones and with the heaviest grains, which then falls through the upper fluidized bed table 2 to the first product-permeable area against the stone outlet 13.

In Fig. 4 ist die Vorrichtung hinsichtlich ihrer Funktionsweise bzw. des darin auftretenden Materialflusses nochmals dargestellt. Das Produkt tritt beim Einlauf 1 in die Vorrichtung und wird in einem ersten Bereich des oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 geschichtet. Die Steine unten, die Leichtkörper (einschliesslich Spelzen, Sämereien u.dgl.) oben und die übrigen Körner, entsprechend ihrer Schwebegeschwindigkeit, dazwischen. Im dargestellten Beispiel wird etwa im mittleren Bereich die unterste Schicht durch die groben Lochungen 24 auf die Rutsche 19 abgeworfen und in Richtung des Pfeiles 25 gegen den Steinauslauf 13 gefördert. Die Steine werden beim Steinauslauf 13 ausgetragen. In der Fig. 4 sind nun ferner mehrere Ausführungsgedanken enthalten.FIG. 4 shows the device again with regard to its mode of operation and the material flow occurring therein. The product enters the device at the inlet 1 and is layered in a first region of the upper fluidized bed table 2. The stones below, the light bodies (including glumes, seeds, etc.) above and the other grains, depending on their speed of hover, in between. In the example shown, the lowermost layer is thrown through the rough perforations 24 onto the slide 19 in the central region and conveyed in the direction of arrow 25 against the stone outlet 13. The stones are discharged at stone outlet 13. 4 now also contains several design ideas.

In jedem Fall kann über die Rutsche 19, 20 bis 60 % des Gutes auf den Steinauslesetisch gegeben werden. Die Menge kann dabei durch Verlängern des hinteren Endes der Rutsche 19' eingestellt werden. Vorteilhafterweise wird dabei auch die Schwelle 31 so eingestellt, dass sie direkt über dem hinteren Ende der Rutsche 19' zu liegen kommt. Die Schwelle 31 stellt gleichzeitig einen Stop dar für die schwere Schicht auf dem oberen Tisch. Der Durchfall auf die Rutsche 19 ist mit D resp. D' bezeichnet. Anschliessend an die Zone D bzw. D' bildet sich erneut eine Schichtung zwischen einer unteren Mischfraktion und einer ganz leichten Fraktion aus. Aus der Mischfraktion können anfänglich noch ein wählbarer Teil durch offengestellte Klappen 18 direkt auf den Steinauslesetisch 3 abgezogen werden. Dieser Teil wird über dem unteren Teil des Steinauslesetisches dem Auslauf 15 für die schwere Kornfraktion zugeführt.In any case, 20, 60 to 60% of the goods can be placed on the stone selection table via the slide. The amount can be adjusted by extending the rear end of the slide 19 '. Advantageously, the threshold 31 is also set such that it comes to lie directly above the rear end of the slide 19 '. The threshold 31 also represents a stop for the heavy layer on the upper table. The diarrhea on the slide 19 is D, respectively. D 'designated. Subsequent to zone D or D ', another stratification is formed between a lower mixed fraction and a very light fraction. From the mixed fraction, a selectable part can initially be drawn off directly onto the stone reading table 3 by means of open flaps 18. This part is fed to the outlet 15 for the heavy grain fraction above the lower part of the stone selection table.

Ein weiterer Gedanke liegt darin, dass von dem oberen Tisch 2 auf dem hinteren Ende des Bereiches A ein Anteil des Gutstromes auf den Zwischenboden 17 fallen gelassen wird, welcher durch geschlossene Klappen 18 gebildet wird. Die leichteste Fraktion kann letztlich als Abstoss über den oberen Schwingtisch 2 ausgetragen werden.Another idea is that from the upper table 2 at the rear end of area A, a portion of the crop flow is dropped onto the intermediate floor 17, which is closed by Flaps 18 is formed. The lightest fraction can ultimately be discharged over the upper swing table 2.

Für ganz einfache Bedarfsfälle ist es auch möglich, Rutsche 19 und Zwischenboden 17 aus einem Stück herzustellen, also ohne die Möglichkeit eines Zwischendurchfalles auf den Steinauslesetisch 3. Beide zusammen bilden in diesem Fall ein auf zwei Seiten geneigtes Dach.For very simple needs, it is also possible to manufacture the slide 19 and intermediate floor 17 from one piece, that is to say without the possibility of an intermediate diarrhea on the stone reading table 3. In this case, both together form a roof that is inclined on two sides.

Besonders interessant für die Gesamtfunktion der Vorrichtung ist die Möglichkeit der zweifachen Luftsteuerung der Saugluft. Einerseits wird mit der besonderen Aufbauweise des unteren Wirbelschichttisches 3 eine gleichmässige Durchlüftung auf der ganzen Tischfläche erreicht, unabhängig von der Schichtdicke des Korngutes. Die Funktion des oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 verlangt für die sich von links nach rechts folgenden Bereiche, d.h. für die Produktschichtung, für das Abwerfen der Steine und der schweren Kornfraktion sowie für die Trennung in mittelschweres und leichtes Gut, jeweils eine spezifisch gesteuerte und angepasste Luftmenge, was mittels der Einstellklappen 32 einstellbar ist.The possibility of double air control of the suction air is particularly interesting for the overall function of the device. On the one hand, with the special construction of the lower fluidized bed table 3, uniform ventilation is achieved over the entire table surface, regardless of the layer thickness of the grain. The function of the upper fluidized bed table 2 requires for the areas that follow from left to right, i.e. for the product stratification, for throwing off the stones and the heavy grain fraction as well as for the separation into medium-heavy and light goods, in each case a specifically controlled and adapted amount of air, which can be adjusted by means of the adjusting flaps 32.

Ein ganz wesentlicher Punkt aber neben der Luftführung und einer entsprechenden Produktlenkung liegt in der Lenkungsmöglichkeit des Gutes durch den Einbau der Rutsche 19 und des Bodens 17. Diese beiden Einbauten lassen eine sehr präzise Führung und gegebenfalls Feinregulierung der Produktströme zu.A very important point, however, in addition to the air routing and a corresponding product steering, is the possibility of directing the goods by installing the slide 19 and the floor 17. These two internals allow very precise guidance and, if necessary, fine adjustment of the product flows.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 sind der Boden 17 und die Rutsche 19 vergrössert dargestellt. Die beiden Wirbelschichttische 1 und 3 sind vorzugsweise unter sich parallel und mittels der Schwingstütze 7 mit Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene (Winkel 26) zwischen 5° und 10° verstellbar. Die Schwingrichtung des Schwingantriebes 5 schneidet die Ebenen der Wirbelschichttische 2 und 3 unter einem Winkel von 25° bis 45 ° (Winkel 27), wogegen die Ebene des Bodens 17 bzw. die Ebene der Rutsche 19 mit jenen der Wirbelschichttische 2 und 3 je einen Winkel von 5° bis 40° (Winkel 28) bzw. je einen Winkel von 0° bis 65° (Winkel 29) einschliessen. Beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung wird die Neigung des unteren Wirbelschichttisches 3 derart eingestellt, dass sie am günstigsten für die Ausscheidung der Steine durch den Auslauf 13 ist. Damit dürfte aber in der Regel die Neigung des oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 (da die beiden Tische durch den Rahmen 4 fest miteinander verbunden sind) für das Trennen der übrigen Fraktionen weniger optimal sein. Mit der Längenverstellbarkeit des Bodens 17 kann insbesondere bei starken Durchsatzunterschieden die Menge der durch den Auslauf 16 abzuführenden Mischfraktion zulasten der durch den Auslauf 15 abzuführenden schweren Kornfraktion vergrössert oder verkleinert werden. Durch die Neigung des Bodens 17 kann das darauf fallende Gut trotz entgegengesetzt wirkender Schwingrichtung des Schwingantriebs 5 verzögerungsfrei in den Auslauf 16 abfliessen.In the section from FIG. 1 shown in FIG. 5, the bottom 17 and the slide 19 are shown enlarged. The two fluidized bed tables 1 and 3 are preferably parallel to one another and adjustable between 5 ° and 10 ° by means of the vibration support 7 with reference to a horizontal plane (angle 26). The direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5 intersects the planes of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 at an angle of 25 ° to 45 ° (angle 27), whereas the plane of the bottom 17 or the plane of the slide 19 each with an angle of those of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 from 5 ° to 40 ° (angle 28) or an angle from 0 ° to 65 ° (angle 29). When the device is operating, the inclination of the lower fluidized bed table 3 is set in such a way that it is the most favorable for the separation of the stones through the outlet 13. As a rule, however, the inclination of the upper fluidized bed table 2 (since the two tables are firmly connected to one another by the frame 4) should be less optimal for separating the other fractions. With the length adjustability of the base 17, the amount of the mixed fraction to be discharged through the outlet 16 can be increased or reduced, in particular in the case of large throughput differences, at the expense of the heavy grain fraction to be discharged through the outlet 15. Due to the inclination of the base 17, the material falling thereon can flow into the outlet 16 without delay, despite the opposite direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5.

Wie Fig. 6 zeigt, kann der Boden 17 auch stufenförmig gestaltet sein, wobei im Bereich der Stufen Saugluft vom unteren Wirbelschichttisch 3 zum oberen strömen kann, was einen gleichmässigen Luftdurchfluss durch diesen erleichtert; die leichteste Fraktion (Schalen, Spelzen usw.) wird als Abstoss des oberen Schichttisches 2 durch einen Auslass 14' ausgetragen.As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom 17 can also be designed in a step-like manner, suction air being able to flow from the lower fluidized bed table 3 to the upper one in the area of the steps, which facilitates a uniform air flow through it; the lightest fraction (shells, husks, etc.) is discharged as an expulsion of the upper layer table 2 through an outlet 14 '.

Die Rutsche 19 liegt mit ihrem oberen Ende unter dem an den Vorschichtbereich des oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 unmittelbar anschliesenden Bereich (D), durch den nahezu alle Steine hindurchfallen, um diese möglichst in den mittleren Bereich des unteren Tisches 3 zu führen. Vorzugsweise wird die Rutsche 19 im Rahmen 4 iängsverschiebbar gelagert, so dass ihr oberes Ende in grössere oder kleinere Entfernung vom Ende des Vorschichtbereiches des oberen Wirbelschichttisches 2 gebracht werden kann. Damit wird es möglich, praktisch sämtliche Steine mit der Rutsche 19 abzufangen und für die Endtrennung dem unteren Wirbelschichttisch 3 zu übergeben.The upper end of the slide 19 lies under the area (D) directly adjoining the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2, through which almost all the stones fall in order to guide them as far as possible into the middle area of the lower table 3. The slide 19 is preferably mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner in the frame 4, so that its upper end can be brought to a greater or smaller distance from the end of the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2. This makes it possible to catch practically all the stones with the slide 19 and to transfer them to the lower fluidized bed table 3 for the final separation.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 7 bezeichnen gleiche Hinweisziffern gleiche oder äquivalente Teile wie im Beispiel nach Fig. 1; auf ihre wiederholende Beschreibung wird daher verzichtet. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wird in der Zone grober Lochungen 24 eine quer orientierte Schwelle 31 auf dem oberen Wirbelschichttisch 2 angeordnet. Die Schwelle 31 kann je nach Produkdurchsatz und Anordung des oberen Auffangendes 19' der Rutsche 19 ebenfalls verstellbar angeordnet werden. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Zone «V» zur Vorschichtung des Gutes etwa gleich lang wie die Zone «A» für die Trennung der leichten Fraktionen bzw. einer Mischfraktion.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the same reference numerals designate the same or equivalent parts as in the example according to FIG. 1; their repetitive description is therefore omitted. In this exemplary embodiment, a transversely oriented threshold 31 is arranged on the upper fluidized bed table 2 in the zone of coarse perforations 24. The threshold 31 can also be arranged adjustable depending on the product throughput and the arrangement of the upper collecting end 19 'of the slide 19. In this embodiment, zone “V” for pre-layering the material is approximately the same length as zone “A” for separating the light fractions or a mixed fraction.

Der untere Wirbelschichttisch 3 weist ferner ein undurchlüftetes Bodenstück 30 auf. Das Bodenstück 30 hat mehrere Funktionen. Der allenfalls von der Zone «A» nach der Rutsche 19 direkt auf den unteren Wirbelschichttisch 3 abgeworfene Anteil der Schwerfraktion stört den Schichtprozess auf dem unteren Wirbelschichttisch 3 nicht mehr, da an dieser Stelle kein Aufstau enstehen kann.The lower fluidized bed table 3 also has a non-ventilated base piece 30. The base piece 30 has several functions. The portion of the heavy fraction thrown from zone “A” after the chute 19 directly onto the lower fluidized bed table 3 no longer disturbs the layering process on the lower fluidized bed table 3, since no build-up can occur at this point.

Eine zweite Funktion liegt darin, dass die gesamte Luftmenge durch den Teil des unteren Wirbelschichttisches 3 eintritt, in dem die Luft auch tatsächlich gebraucht wird. Die Luft tritt nur dort ein, bzw. durch die Vorrichtung, wo sie Arbeit leisten muss.A second function is that the total amount of air enters through the part of the lower fluidized bed table 3 in which the air is actually used. The air only enters or through the device where it has to do work.

Die Fig. 8a ist eine Draufsicht auf den oberen Schwingtisch. Der Tisch weist in einem ersten Bereich «V» eine Rechteckform auf. Die anschliessende Zone «A» wird gegen den Auslauf schmäler, um die Schichtung bis zum Ende aufrecht zu erhalten, bei fortschreitendem Durchfall des Gutes durch den Bereich «A».8a is a top view of the upper vibrating table. The table has a rectangular shape in a first area “V”. The adjoining zone “A” narrows towards the outlet in order to maintain the stratification until the end, with the progressive diarrhea of the goods through area “A”.

Die Fig. 8b zeigt lediglich eine Verdoppelung der Fig. 8a. Die beschriebene Vorrichtung ist in besonderer Weise zum Ausscheiden von Schwerteilen, wie Glassplitter, feine Metallteile, Steine u.dgl. schweren Körnern, Bruch-, Schmacht- und Leichtkörnern, Sämereien, Schalen, Schmutz u.dgl. aus Getreide geeignet. Es hat sich indessen auch gezeigt, dass ine nahezu identische Aufgabenstellung bei Komposterde besteht, nämlich die Entfernung von Schwerteilen und Leichtmaterial aus zerkleinertem, insbesondere bei reifem trockenem Müllkompost, sofern das Material rieselfähig ist. Im Vodergrund sind drei Fraktionen, die schweren Teile (Steine, Glassplitter, feine Metallteile), die leichten Teile (kleine Stücke von Kunststoff) sowie der Hauptmasse der guten Komposterde.FIG. 8b only shows a doubling of FIG. 8a. The device described is in a special way for separating heavy parts, such as broken glass, fine metal parts, stones and the like. heavy grains, broken, withered and light grains, seeds, shells, dirt and the like. suitable from cereals. However, it has also been shown that there is an almost identical task with compost, namely the removal of heavy parts and light material from shredded compost, in particular with mature dry garbage compost, provided the material is free-flowing. In the foreground are three fractions, the heavy parts (stones, broken glass, fine metal parts), the light parts (small pieces of plastic) and the main mass of good compost.

Claims (19)

1. Apparatus for the separation of grain stocks into several fractions with two fluidised bed tables (2, 3) mounted to allow vibration and adjustable in their slope and capable of being traversed by a common air flow, an inlet (1) being arranged above the higer end of the upper fluidised bed table (2) for the grain stock opposite which there lies atthe lower end an outlet (14) for the lightest grain fraction and there being, moreover, available at the higher end of the lowerfluidised bed table (3) an outlet (13) for stones, and at the lower end, an outlet (15) for the heavy grain fraction, and with an intermediate floor (17) of a shorter length than the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) arranged between the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) for the evacuation of a mixed fraction, extending from the lower ends of the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) towards the higher ends, characterised in that the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) are arranged in a rigid frame (4) whereto there is allocated a common vibration drive (5), whose casting vibratory movement is directed towards the outietfor stones (13), and thatthe intermediate floor (17) is sloping towards the lower end of the lower fluidised bed table (3), the upper fluidised bed table (2) having beneath the inlet (1) a zone (V) with a smooth surface, which is penetrable by air and impenetrable by the raw material, and that the lower fluidised bed table (3) has a rough surface.
2. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 1, characterised in that in the upper fluidised bed table (2), following on from the said zone (V), a zone (D) with perforations (24) penetrable by the material, is arranged transversely above the fluidised bed table (2).
3. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 2, characterised in that, following on from the zone (D) with perforations (24) penetrable by the material, provision is made for a threshold (31) transversely above the fluidised bed table (2), the threshold (31) having at least the height of the single and up to double the mean grain size.
4. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 2 or 3, characterised in that in a second zone (A) of the upper fluidised bed table (2), provision in made for lateral walls adjustable in relation to each other, which are tiltable in relation to each other with their ends turned towards the outlet (14) for the lightest grain fraction, with the purpose of obtaining a wedge shaped taper in the effective area of the upper fluidised bed table (2) towards the outlet (14) for the lightest grain fraction.
5. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the length of the intermediate floor (17) is adjustable in the direction extending from the lower ends of the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) towards the higher ones.
6. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 5, characterised in thatthe intermediate floor (17) is intersecting the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) at an an- gie of from 25° to 40° (angle 28) and that the inclination (angle 26) of the fluidised bed tables (2, 3) amounts to 5° to 10° in relation to the horizontal.
7. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the intermediate floor (17) is formed by a multiplicity of flat sections (18) which are mounted in the frame (4) to be rotatable around their longitudinal median axis.
8. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 7, characterised in that the flat sections (18) are touching each other in the coplanar alignment.
9. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 8, characterised in that the flat sections (18) are stepped, and that they form an air passage opening at the steps (Fig. 6).
10. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the outlet (16) for the mixed fraction follows the outlet (15) for the heavy grain fraction in the coplanar direction, in the plane of the lower fluidised bed tables (3).
11. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the lower fluidised bed table (3) has a finely perforated plate (20) parallel to, and at a distance below, the plate bearing the material (sandwich construction), which together produce an approximately constant air resistance over the whole lower material bearing surface, irrespective of the layer thickness of the material on the lowertable.
12. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 11, characterised in that the sum of the hole cross sections of the finely perforated plate (20) is smaller than or at most equal to one tenth of the total bearing surface for the material.
13. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that provision is made beneath the second zone (A) of the upper fluidised bed table (2) for a slide (19) sloping down towards the outlet for stones (13) and passing below the zone (D) with the perforations (24) which are penetrable by the material.
14. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 13, characterised in that the slide (19) is adjustable in its length and/or slope between the first zone (V) and the following zone (D) with the perforations (24) penetrable by the material.
15. Apparatus according to Patent Claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the slide (19) terminates approximately at mid height between the two fluidised bed tables (2, 3), and above the lower fluidised bed table (3) approximately within its middle third.
16. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the first zone (V) is approximately of the same length as the second (A).
17. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the lower fluidised bed table (3) is formed below the intermediate floor (17) as a channel type recess (30) with its bottom impenetrable by air, the recess (30) carrying the heavy grain fraction into the respective outlet (15).
18. Apparatus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that at a distance from the upper fluidised bed table (2) the clear air discharge cross section is subdivided by partition walls into zones (11) adjustable in cross section, each zone (11) having a control valve (32) for the adjustment of the air quantity.
19. Appartus according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the two vibrating tables form a vibration unit and that the air outlet cowl (10) is rigidly connected to a fixed stand (8) via supports (9).
EP85901960A 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Device and process for separating granular material Expired EP0181353B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901960T ATE34674T1 (en) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING GRANULAR MATERIAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2240/84 1984-05-08
CH224084 1984-05-08

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EP0181353A1 EP0181353A1 (en) 1986-05-21
EP0181353B1 true EP0181353B1 (en) 1988-06-01

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EP85901960A Expired EP0181353B1 (en) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Device and process for separating granular material
EP85810219A Expired EP0162014B1 (en) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Device and method for separating granular goods
EP85902511A Expired EP0182831B1 (en) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Installation and process for sorting heavy materials, in particular stones or the like from cereals or other bulk products

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EP85902511A Expired EP0182831B1 (en) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Installation and process for sorting heavy materials, in particular stones or the like from cereals or other bulk products

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US (2) US4652362A (en)
EP (3) EP0181353B1 (en)
JP (2) JPH0659463B2 (en)
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SU1477237A3 (en) 1989-04-30
BR8506704A (en) 1986-04-15
KR900001435B1 (en) 1990-03-10
JPS61502041A (en) 1986-09-18
JPH0659463B2 (en) 1994-08-10
ATE31254T1 (en) 1987-12-15
EP0162014B1 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0182831B1 (en) 1988-08-17
SU1480753A3 (en) 1989-05-15
KR860700096A (en) 1986-03-31
US4913804A (en) 1990-04-03
EP0182831A1 (en) 1986-06-04
AU4403985A (en) 1985-11-28
JPH084780B2 (en) 1996-01-24
DE3561131D1 (en) 1988-01-21
US4652362A (en) 1987-03-24
WO1985005049A1 (en) 1985-11-21
DE3564386D1 (en) 1988-09-22
WO1985005050A1 (en) 1985-11-21
AU569011B2 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0162014A1 (en) 1985-11-21
JPS61502042A (en) 1986-09-18
DE3562988D1 (en) 1988-07-07
EP0181353A1 (en) 1986-05-21

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