EP0180857B1 - Stacked electric switch with a rotating control member - Google Patents

Stacked electric switch with a rotating control member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180857B1
EP0180857B1 EP85113492A EP85113492A EP0180857B1 EP 0180857 B1 EP0180857 B1 EP 0180857B1 EP 85113492 A EP85113492 A EP 85113492A EP 85113492 A EP85113492 A EP 85113492A EP 0180857 B1 EP0180857 B1 EP 0180857B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
switch
cams
cam
bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85113492A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0180857A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Heng
André Marmonier
Etienne Briguet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baco Constructions Electriques SA
Cegelec SA
Original Assignee
Baco Constructions Electriques SA
Cegelec SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Baco Constructions Electriques SA, Cegelec SA filed Critical Baco Constructions Electriques SA
Publication of EP0180857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0180857A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0180857B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180857B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/03—Means for limiting the angle of rotation of the operating part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/64—Encased switches adapted for ganged operation when assembled in a line with identical switches, e.g. stacked switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary electrical step switch: as described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a switch is known from document EP-A-0 019 141.
  • Staged electrical switches conventionally comprise a plurality of contacts arranged in groups, for example in pairs, in cells, often called wafers, which are stacked one on the other.
  • Each contact of a group comprises at least one fixed element and one mobile element, these elements are electrically connected to connection terminals which are accessible from outside the switch to allow the connection of external conductive wires.
  • the movable elements of the contacts of a switch are actuated by a control shaft, rotating and common, this shaft generally traverses centrally, the different stages of the body which constitute the stacked cells and it projects at one of the ends, called front, of the switch to allow the mounting in engagement of a rotary control member, manual or of servo-control type.
  • connection terminals which are assigned to the various contact elements and which are staggered parallel to the control axis on the modules, must be installed so that they can be operated during the connection phase of the switch to the external electrical wires intended for connect them to electrical devices.
  • connection terminals must therefore take into account the fact that the switches are designed to be fixed to support structures capable of significantly restricting the possibilities of access and maneuvering of the terminals, after fixing the switches on their supports.
  • the switches are conventionally installed either according to a surface mounting for which the body of the switch is fixed to a support wall by its rear face, which is situated at the opposite end from that from which the control shaft exits. , the latter then being located with the rest of the body on the same side of this wall that it does not pass through, or again according to a front mounting for which the body of the switch is fixed to a support wall by its front face so that the control shaft, which comes out of this front face, crosses the wall and is sufficiently projecting to allow the fixing of a rotary control member.
  • connection terminals of a switch When the connection terminals of a switch are installed so as to have their actuation axes in planes at least roughly perpendicular to the control axis, it is generally easy to actuate the connection terminals, as long as the switch is not installed and the choice of one of the surface or front mounting does not cause any particular difficulties.
  • connection of the wires coming from the electrical devices to be served may not be carried out easily on the switches installed and that, conventionally to avoid the risk of a delicate or even impossible connection, the operation is carried out by two phases; one on the table, before installation of the switch, consists in connecting external auxiliary wires to the connection terminals of the switch, the other after installation of the switch, consists in connecting the auxiliary wires to the connections of a separate terminal block to which the wires lead devices to be served.
  • switches have been produced whose connection terminals are installed obliquely so as to have their actuation axes slightly inclined with respect to the axis of the control shaft from which they deviate as and when the 'We move away from the face of the switch provided for fixing this switch on a support. This makes it possible to have access to the switch connection terminals practically in all circumstances from the moment when rear access to the body of the switch remains possible.
  • the present invention proposes an adaptable switch allowing the two assemblies to be obtained simply by simple permutation of parts. constitutive, an easy adjustment of the protruding axis as well as possibly a modification of the number of stages.
  • the stepped electrical switch is intended to be secured by a fixing plate, located at one of its ends, on a support; it is designed to be actuated by means of a rotating shaft, capable of assuming at least two distinct angular positions for controlling, by means of cams, mobile elements of electrical contacts distributed in stacked cells which are crossed by the 'axis of the tree according to their stacking and which also contain the cams; electrical contacts also comprise fixed elements connected, in the cells which comprise them, to connection terminals accessible from outside the switch; the terminals are placed obliquely to the axis of the shaft, their respective actuation axes being slightly inclined relative to this axis of the shaft so as to converge towards the end of the switch carried by the plate fixation.
  • a switch according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises two conduits arranged along the axis of the control shaft, one in the fixing plate and the other in a fixed end plate located opposite of the fixing plate on the switch, to allow the projection of the shaft through at least one or the other of the two plates, each conduit allowing the rotation of the shaft and comprising a ring housing for at least an angular positioning ring fixed on the shaft to allow a limitation of the rotation of this shaft in cooperation with at least one complementary, fixed stop, formed in the corresponding ring housing from which the shaft projects, one of the conduits comprising a locking bolt in translation of the assembly formed by the shaft and the cams, aligned with it, which it controls, said locking bolt containing the ring housing of the conduit which comprises it and being pierced longitudinally by a canal for the passage of the ar bre allowing the latter to protrude from the switch if necessary.
  • the blocking latch is placed in the conduit of the switch end plate at the end of this conduit which is oriented towards the outside of the switch to allow mounting of the shaft and the cams through the end plate.
  • the ring housing provided in the blocking latch, is located at the end of this latch which faces the outside of the switch when the latch is in place, a seat for a cylindrical cam end being provided at the end of the lock which is turned towards the inside of the switch to allow the blocking in translation of the assembly formed by the shaft and the cams, via said bearing.
  • the cams ensure the immobilization in translation of the shaft by jamming a flange which is fixed on this shaft and which is held either between two superimposed cams, or between a cam and directly or indirectly a plate , so as to allow an adjustable projection of the shaft outside the switch both in front mounting and in surface mounting.
  • the switch comprises a cell ensuring the positioning of the control shaft and / or of the cams, near the fixing plate, by a bearing for positioning cam centered on the axis of the shaft and fitted with the contact cam which follows it in the stack of nested cams, said positioning cam having the same maximum diameter as the contact cams, so as to facilitate the introduction of the assembly formed by the shaft and by the cams through the end plate and cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical switch 1 intended to be fixed to a wall of a support 2 by means of a fixing plate 3 situated at one of the ends of the switch 1 considered along a longitudinal axis XX ', here combined with the axis of a control shaft 4 for actuating the movable elements of the electrical contacts of this switch, which are not shown in this figure.
  • control shaft 4 rotates cams 5 for actuating the movable elements of the contacts and conventionally a positioning cam 6, the electrical contacts also include fixed elements, not shown in this figure, which are connected to connection terminals, such as 7, for electrical wires, such as 8, coming from electrical devices external to the switch and not shown.
  • the electrical contacts are conventionally brought together in groups, generally of an even number of contacts, with their connection terminals and their actuating cams in cells which are stacked one on the other along the longitudinal axis XX ′ of the switch, such as cells 9 and 10 in Figure 2.
  • the terminals 7 can be of any suitable conventional type and in particular of the type with clamping jumper 28 carried by a screw 27 is fixed in a fixed conducting blade 24, such as terminal 7A1 with jumper 28A1, screw 27A1 and blade 24A1 on the Figure 5.
  • Each connection terminal 7 is located so as to be accessible from the outside to allow the insertion of the core of an electric wire such 8 and to be able to be operated for the connection of this wire to the thick headed.
  • connection is made by pushing, pulling, or screwing as shown for terminal 7 in FIG. 1, and it is necessary for the terminal to be accessible in a direction hereinafter called actuation axis and represented here by the YY 'axis.
  • actuation axis and represented here by the YY 'axis.
  • connection terminal 7 and its actuation axis YY ' are obliquely disposed relative to the axis XX' of the control shaft 4, the actuation axis YY 'being slightly inclined relative to the axis XX 'of the shaft so as to converge with the actuating axes corresponding to the other terminals in the direction of the fixing plate 3.
  • the switch 1 is designed to be mounted both in front mounting and in surface mounting, it is necessary to be able to bring out the shaft 4 either through the fixing plate 3 and the wall of the support 2, or through an end plate 12 closing the switch 1 opposite the fixing plate 3, since one obviously cannot fix the switch on a support by this end plate 12, without removing access to the connection terminals according to their axes of actuation.
  • two conduits 13 and 14 are provided, arranged along the axis XX 'of the control shaft 4, one through the fixing plate 3 and the other through the end plate 12, for allow the projection of the shaft 4 through at least one of the plates 3 or 12, either in the position presented on the left in solid lines or in the position on the right presented in thin lines in FIG. 1.
  • Each conduit 13, 14 allows the rotation of the shaft 4, when the latter passes through it and it has a ring housing 15 or 16 at one of its ends for at least one angular limitation ring, such as 17 rotating with the shaft 4 on which it is locked in rotation as will be seen later in connection with FIG. 6.
  • This angular limitation ring 17 ensures a limitation of the rotation of the shaft 4 on itself in connection with at least one fixed complementary stop of the ring housing, such as the complementary stop 18 of the ring housing 16, in the case not presented in FIG. 1 where the angular limitation ring 17 would be in this ring housing 16.
  • the duct 14 also includes a lock 19 for locking in translation the assembly formed by the shaft 4 and the cams 5 and 6 which it controls in the switch 1.
  • the latch 19 contains the ring housing 16 of the conduit 14 that it comprises.
  • the latch 19 is preferably housed and fixed in the end plate 12 on the outside of this plate and the ring housing 16 which it comprises is oriented towards the outside the switch.
  • the ring housing 15 is preferably also oriented towards the outside of the switch on the fixing plate and therefore towards the support 2.
  • the angular positioning ring or rings 17 are mounted in the ring housing 15 or 16 from which protrudes the control shaft 4 as a function of the front mounting or alternately projecting projection.
  • the front mounting switch (FIG. 2), which is therefore intended to have its shaft 4 passing through the fixing plate 3 and the non-illustrated support which carries it, plans to limit the rotation of this shaft 4 by one or here two rings of angular limitation 17, located in the ring housing 15 of the fixing plate in order to cooperate with the stop 18 of this ring housing.
  • the shaft 4 does not necessarily cross the entire switch because it is immobilized in translation by the cams 5 or 6 in a manner which will be discussed later.
  • the assembly formed by the shaft 4 and by the aligned cams 5 and 6 is introduced into the switch through the end plate 12 and the cells 10 and 9 and it is immobilized by the latch 19 which limits the movement of the cams 5, 6 between itself and the fixing plate 3, being provided like this with a bearing surface 20, respectively 22 for the ends of the cylindrical end pieces 21 of the terminal cams 5, 6 on either side of the assembly formed by these cams.
  • the surface-mounted switch is intended to have its shaft 4 passing through the end plate 12 (FIG. 3) or more precisely the latch 19 immobilized in this end plate.
  • the assembly formed by the cams 5 and 6 and the shaft 4 protruding from this assembly on the side of the cams 5, is introduced into the switch through the end plate 12 and the cells 10 and 9 and it is immobilized in translation by the latch 19 and the fixing plate via the bearing surfaces 20, 22 of these two elements as well as above.
  • the shaft 4 passes through the latch 19, via a channel 23 allowing its rotation; this is however limited, here by the two angular positioning rings 17, then housed in the ring housings 15,16 so as to cooperate with the respective stops 18 provided in this housing.
  • the shaft 4 does not necessarily cross the entire switch, being immobilized by the cams 5 or 6 in a manner described below.
  • the electrical switch 1 shown in Figure 4 is stepped along the axis XX 'of its control shaft 4 positioned in this figure for front mounting of the switch.
  • the different stages consist of the fixing plate 3, a positioning cell 9 and here of contact, one or more contact cells 10, such as 10A and 10B, and an end plate 12.
  • the stages are fixed to each other by known means not shown here for example by hooking claws of one on the edges of the next or by bolting.
  • the axis XX 'of the control shaft 4 passes through the various stages centrally and the shaft 4 is capable of projecting either through the fixing plate 3, via the axial duct 13 of this plate and the axial ring housing 15 where this conduit opens, or again in a manner not shown through the end plate 12 or more precisely the latch 19, via the axial conduit 14 and the ring housing 16 of this latch.
  • the shaft 4 is designed to drive a series of cams comprising a positioning cam 6 which comes into contact with the fixing plate 3 in the positioning cell 9 as well as contact cams 5, such as 5A or 5C, aligned behind the positioning cam 6 and up to the end plate 12.
  • the number of contact cams 5 is a function of the number of mobile elements of electrical contacts to be controlled.
  • two cams 5 are provided per cell for controlling two electrical contacts known in themselves. These contacts are each composed of two fixed elements 23 (FIG. 7), each connected to a fixed conductive strip 24 of a different connection terminal and able to be electrically connected together under the control of a cam 5 by a mobile element. 26, the latter being carried by a sliding pusher 25 actuated by the cam, and prestressed by a spring 35; such are in particular the fixed elements 23A1, 23A2 connected respectively one to the fixed blade of the terminal 24A1, the other to the blade of the terminal 24A2 and able to be electrically connected by the movable element 26A carried by the pusher 25A sliding under the action of the cam 5A ( Figures 4 and 7).
  • connection terminals 7 are placed obliquely with respect to the axis XX 'of the shaft 4 so as to have their respective actuation axes YY' slightly inclined with respect to this axis XX 'and converging in the direction of the fixing plate 3 of the switch, such as terminal 7C1 whose actuation axis YC1 - Y'C1 converges towards the axis XX 'beyond the fixing plate 3 and the support 2 in FIG. 5 .
  • the cams 5 and 6 are stacked along the axis XX ′ of the shaft 4 which is housed in at least some of them as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Each cam 5 has internally and successively an axial cylindrical bearing at circular section 29 (FIG. 8) extended internally by an axial polygonal imprint 30 for cam drive itself extended by an axial polygonal conduit 31 for shaft passage.
  • the axial polygonal duct 31 opens out on the other side of the cam 5 relative to the internal cylindrical bearing surface 29 and allows the passage of a shaft through the cam and the rotation lock of the cam on the shaft.
  • cam train 5A, 5A ', 5B, 5B', 5C, 5C ' it is therefore possible to drive all the cams 5 of a cam train, such as the cam train 5A, 5A ', 5B, 5B', 5C, 5C ', by a shaft penetrating into the polygonal conduit 31 of at least one of them as shown in FIG. 4 or the shaft 4 penetrates only into the cams 5C, 5C '.
  • the positioning cam 6 is housed in a particular cell 9 which in the example chosen also acts as a contact cell for the closest contacts.
  • the positioning cam 6 is traversed right through by a polygonal channel having the same cross section as the polygonal conduit 31 of the contact cams so that it too can be locked in rotation on the shaft 4. It is provided with a polygonal end piece 37 corresponding to the polygonal end pieces 34 of the contact cams 5, so as to be able to penetrate into a polygonal imprint 30 of contact cam in the same way as the latter and for an identical purpose, the cams 5 and 6 stacked along the axis XX 'thus being integral in rotation.
  • the positioning cam 6 has an axial end piece 36 with a circular cross section which is positioned in the duct 13 of the fixing plate 3 and it is supported on the bearing 22 provided on this fixing plate.
  • the shaft 4 and the cam train 5, 6 aligned along its axis XX ′ are immobilized in translation by the lock 19 between the bearing surface 20, on which the end of the polygonal end piece 34 of the last contact cam 5A rests , and the bearing surface 22, on which the cam 6 bears by its end opposite to the contact cams 5, when the train of cams is in place.
  • the shaft 4 comes to stop in translation in the cam train 5, 6 between the bearings 20, 22 by means of a flange 38 which is fixed to it and which is capable of being placed between two cams or between an end cam and the corresponding range as indicated below.
  • the positioning cam 6 cooperates with positioning pushers 39, 39 ′ (FIG. 9).
  • These positioning pushers are elastically applied against the profile of the positioning cam 6 by strong springs 40, 40 ′, these springs ensure that the shaft is held in position at the various angular positions provided and that the first part of the creation is created. rotation between two positions, a strong resistance to rotation which is designed to promote rapid switching at the electrical contacts.
  • the cam train 5, 6 is designed so that the positioning cam 6 has the same extension or maximum diameter as the contact cams 5 so as to be able to introduce the train, positioning cam at the head, through the plate 12 and the contact cells 10, until penetration of the positioning cam 6 into its cell 9.
  • the flange 38 of the shaft 4 is positioned in the switch 1 either between the geared cams, as shown in FIG. 4, or between a cam 5 or 6 located at the end and the bearing surface 20 of the corresponding latch 19 or 42 of plate 3.
  • the collar 38 is then housed at the bottom of the polygonal imprint 30 of a cam 5 under the polygonal end piece 34 of the cam 5 introduced into this imprint, such 38 between the bottom of the polygonal imprint of the contact cam 5C 'and the polygonal end of the positioning cam 6.
  • FIG. 10 thus schematically shows a surface mounting of a switch for which the flange 38 is placed between the bearing provided in the latch 19 of the end plate and the polygonal end piece 34 of the cam 5 situated at the end, near the latch 19.
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows a switch with a large number of contact cells, symbolized by their cams 5, where the shaft 4 is in front mounting and therefore passes through the fixing plate 3 against which the flange 38 of this shaft 4 is supported, being wedged between the end of the end piece 36 of the positioning cam 6 and the bearing provided on the fixing plate 3 for this cam 6.
  • Figure 12 shows a very large capacity switch composed by online association of two 1.1 'switches having their respective shafts 4, 4' same position as that shown in Figure 11.
  • the shaft 4 'penetrates through channel 23 through the latch 19 of the first switch so as to mesh with the cams 5 of this switch which are close to this latch and it is driven by the rotation of the shaft 4, the switches being secured by an assembly arrangement 40 classic no described here.

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  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un commutateur électrique étagé à commande rotative: comme décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1. Un tel commutateur est connu du document EP-A-0 019 141.The present invention relates to a rotary electrical step switch: as described in the preamble of claim 1. Such a switch is known from document EP-A-0 019 141.

Les commutateurs électriques étagés comportent classiquement une pluralité de contacts disposés par groupes, par exemple par paires, dans des cellules, souvent appelées galettes, qui sont empilées l'une sur l'autre. Chaque contact d'un groupe comporte au moins un élément fixe et un élément mobile, ces éléments sont électriquement reliés a des bornes de connexion qui sont accessibles de l'extérieur du commutateur pour permettre le raccordement de fils conducteurs externes.Staged electrical switches conventionally comprise a plurality of contacts arranged in groups, for example in pairs, in cells, often called wafers, which are stacked one on the other. Each contact of a group comprises at least one fixed element and one mobile element, these elements are electrically connected to connection terminals which are accessible from outside the switch to allow the connection of external conductive wires.

Les éléments mobiles des contacts d'un commutateur sont actionnés par un arbre de commande, tournant et commun, cet arbre traverse le plus souvent centralement, les différents étages du corps que constituent les cellules empilées et il saille à l'une des extrémités, dite face avant, du commutateur pour permettre le montage en prise d'un organe rotatif de commande, manuel ou de type servocommande.The movable elements of the contacts of a switch are actuated by a control shaft, rotating and common, this shaft generally traverses centrally, the different stages of the body which constitute the stacked cells and it projects at one of the ends, called front, of the switch to allow the mounting in engagement of a rotary control member, manual or of servo-control type.

Les bornes de connexion qui sont affectées aux différents éléments de contact et qui sont étagées parallèlement à l'axe de commande sur les modules, doivent être implantées de manière à pouvoir être manoeuvrées lors de la phase de raccordement du commutateur aux fils électriques externes destinés à les relier à des appareils électriques.The connection terminals which are assigned to the various contact elements and which are staggered parallel to the control axis on the modules, must be installed so that they can be operated during the connection phase of the switch to the external electrical wires intended for connect them to electrical devices.

Cette implantation des bornes de connexion doit donc tenir compte du fait que les commutateurs sont prévus pour être fixés sur des structures de support susceptibles de restreindre notablement les possibilités d'accès et de manoeuvre des bornes, après fixation des commutateurs sur leurs supports.This location of the connection terminals must therefore take into account the fact that the switches are designed to be fixed to support structures capable of significantly restricting the possibilities of access and maneuvering of the terminals, after fixing the switches on their supports.

En particulier les commutateurs sont classiquement installés soit selon un montage en saillie pour lequel le corps du commutateur est fixé sur une paroi de support par sa face arrière, qui est située à l'extrémité opposée de celle d'où sort l'arbre de commande, ce dernier étant alors situé avec le reste du corps du même côté de cette paroi qu'il ne traverse pas, soit encore selon un montage frontal pour lequel le corps du commutateur est fixé sur une paroi de support par sa face avant de manière que l'arbre de commande, qui sort de cette face avant, traverse la paroi et soit suffisamment en saillie pour permettre la fixation d'un organe rotatif de commande.In particular, the switches are conventionally installed either according to a surface mounting for which the body of the switch is fixed to a support wall by its rear face, which is situated at the opposite end from that from which the control shaft exits. , the latter then being located with the rest of the body on the same side of this wall that it does not pass through, or again according to a front mounting for which the body of the switch is fixed to a support wall by its front face so that the control shaft, which comes out of this front face, crosses the wall and is sufficiently projecting to allow the fixing of a rotary control member.

Lorsque les bornes de connexion d'un commutateur sont implantées de manière à avoir leurs axes d'actionnement dans des plans au moins grossièrement perpendiculaires à l'axe de commande, il est en général aisé d'actionner les bornes de connexion, tant que le commutateur n'est pas installé et le choix de l'un ou l'autre des montages en saillie ou frontal n'entraîne pas de difficultés particulières.When the connection terminals of a switch are installed so as to have their actuation axes in planes at least roughly perpendicular to the control axis, it is generally easy to actuate the connection terminals, as long as the switch is not installed and the choice of one of the surface or front mounting does not cause any particular difficulties.

Par contre il est bien connu que le raccordement des fils provenant des appareils électriques à desservir peut ne pas s'effectuer aisément sur les commutateurs installés et que, classiquement pour éviter le risque d'un raccordement délicat voire impossible, on effectue l'opération en deux phases; l'une sur table, avant installation du commutateur, consiste à connecter des fils auxiliaires externes aux bornes de connexion du commutateur, l'autre après installation du commutateur, consiste à relier les fils auxiliaires aux connexions d'un bornier séparé auxquelles aboutissent les fils des appareils à desservir.On the other hand, it is well known that the connection of the wires coming from the electrical devices to be served may not be carried out easily on the switches installed and that, conventionally to avoid the risk of a delicate or even impossible connection, the operation is carried out by two phases; one on the table, before installation of the switch, consists in connecting external auxiliary wires to the connection terminals of the switch, the other after installation of the switch, consists in connecting the auxiliary wires to the connections of a separate terminal block to which the wires lead devices to be served.

Ceci n'est pas avantageux dans la mesure où il y a double raccordement ce qui augmente la durée des opérations et les risques de connexion défectueuses ou erronnées et où ceci ne résoud pas le problème d'accès aux bornes du commutateur installé en cas de dépannage.This is not advantageous insofar as there is double connection which increases the duration of the operations and the risks of defective or erroneous connection and where this does not solve the problem of access to the terminals of the switch installed in the event of troubleshooting .

En conséquence on a produit des commutateurs dont les bornes de connexion sont implantées obliquement de manière à avoir leurs axes d'actionnement peu inclinés par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre de commande dont ils s'écartent au fur et à mesure que l'on s'éloigne de la face du commutateur prévu pour la fixation de ce commutateur sur un support. Ceci permet en effet d'avoir accès aux bornes de connexion du commutateur pratiquement en toutes circonstances à partir du moment où l'accès arrière au corps du commutateur reste possible.Consequently, switches have been produced whose connection terminals are installed obliquely so as to have their actuation axes slightly inclined with respect to the axis of the control shaft from which they deviate as and when the 'We move away from the face of the switch provided for fixing this switch on a support. This makes it possible to have access to the switch connection terminals practically in all circumstances from the moment when rear access to the body of the switch remains possible.

Par contre il n'est classiquement pas possible d'utiliser un commutateur à bornes de connexion obliques comme indiqué ci-dessus alternativement en montage en saillie ou en montage frontal, puisque dans l'un des deux cas la paroi sur laquelle viendra se fixer le commutateur interdira pratiquement l'actionnement des bornes de connexion, sauf à utiliser le processus en deux étapes évoqué ci-dessus.On the other hand, it is conventionally not possible to use a switch with oblique connection terminals as indicated above alternately in surface mounting or in front mounting, since in one of the two cases the wall on which will be fixed the switch will practically prohibit the operation of the connection terminals, except to use the two-step process mentioned above.

Plutôt que de prévoir systématiquement deux types de commutateur à bornes de connexion obliques, l'un pour montage en saillie, l'autre pour montage frontal, la présente invention propose un commutateur adaptable permettant d'obtenir simplement les deux montages par simple permutation de pièces constitutives, un réglage facile du dépassant d'axe ainsi qu'éventuellement une modification du nombre d'étages.Rather than systematically providing two types of switch with oblique connection terminals, one for surface mounting, the other for front mounting, the present invention proposes an adaptable switch allowing the two assemblies to be obtained simply by simple permutation of parts. constitutive, an easy adjustment of the protruding axis as well as possibly a modification of the number of stages.

Le commutateur électrique étagé, est destiné à être assujetti par une plaque de fixation, située à une de ses extrémités, sur un support; il est prévu pour être actionné par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre tournant, susceptible de prendre au moins deux positions angulaires distinctes pour commander, au moyen de cames, des éléments mobiles de contacts électriques répartis dans des cellules empilées qui sont traversé es par l'axe de l'arbre selon leur empilage et qui contiennent aussi les cames; les contacts électriques comportent également des éléments fixes reliés, dans les cellules qui les comportent, à des bornes de connexion accessibles de l'extérieur du commutateur; les bornes sont placées obliquement par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre, leurs axes d'actionnement respectifs étant légèrement inclinés par rapport à cet axe d'arbre de manière à converger en direction de l'extrémité du commutateur que porte la plaque de fixation.The stepped electrical switch is intended to be secured by a fixing plate, located at one of its ends, on a support; it is designed to be actuated by means of a rotating shaft, capable of assuming at least two distinct angular positions for controlling, by means of cams, mobile elements of electrical contacts distributed in stacked cells which are crossed by the 'axis of the tree according to their stacking and which also contain the cams; electrical contacts also comprise fixed elements connected, in the cells which comprise them, to connection terminals accessible from outside the switch; the terminals are placed obliquely to the axis of the shaft, their respective actuation axes being slightly inclined relative to this axis of the shaft so as to converge towards the end of the switch carried by the plate fixation.

Un commutateur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux conduits ménagés selon l'axe de l'arbre de commande, l'un dans la plaque de fixation et l'autre dans une plaque terminale fixe située à l'opposé de la plaque de fixation sur le commutateur, pour permettre la saillie de l'arbre à travers au moins l'une ou l'autre des deux plaques, chaque conduit permettant la rotation de l'arbre et comportant un logement de bague pour au moins une bague de positionnement angulaire fixée sur l'arbre pour permettre une limitation de la rotation de cet arbre en coopération avec au moins une butée complémentaire, fixe, ménagée dans le logement de bague correspondant d'où l'arbre saille, l'un des conduits comportant un verrou de blocage en translation de l'ensemble formé par l'arbre et les cames, alignées avec lui, qu'il commande, ledit verrou de blocage contenant le logement de bague du conduit qui le comporte et étant transpercé longitudinalement par un canal pour le passage de l'arbre permettant la saillie éventuelle de ce dernier hors du commutateur.A switch according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises two conduits arranged along the axis of the control shaft, one in the fixing plate and the other in a fixed end plate located opposite of the fixing plate on the switch, to allow the projection of the shaft through at least one or the other of the two plates, each conduit allowing the rotation of the shaft and comprising a ring housing for at least an angular positioning ring fixed on the shaft to allow a limitation of the rotation of this shaft in cooperation with at least one complementary, fixed stop, formed in the corresponding ring housing from which the shaft projects, one of the conduits comprising a locking bolt in translation of the assembly formed by the shaft and the cams, aligned with it, which it controls, said locking bolt containing the ring housing of the conduit which comprises it and being pierced longitudinally by a canal for the passage of the ar bre allowing the latter to protrude from the switch if necessary.

Selon une caractéristique complémentaire, le verrou de blocage est placé dans le conduit de la plaque terminale du commutateur à l'extrémité de ce conduit qui est orientée vers l'extérieur du commutateur pour permettre un montage de l'arbre et des cames à travers la plaque terminale.According to an additional characteristic, the blocking latch is placed in the conduit of the switch end plate at the end of this conduit which is oriented towards the outside of the switch to allow mounting of the shaft and the cams through the end plate.

Selon une autre caractéristique complémentaire le logement de bague, prévu dans le verrou de blocage, est situé à l'extrémité de ce verrou qui est tournée vers l'extérieur du commutateur lorsque le verrou est en place, une portée pour embout cylindrique de came étant prévue à l'extrémité du verrou qui est tournée vers l'intérieur du commutateur pour permettre le blocage en translation de l'ensemble formé par l'arbre et les cames, par l'intermédiaire de ladite portée.According to another additional characteristic, the ring housing, provided in the blocking latch, is located at the end of this latch which faces the outside of the switch when the latch is in place, a seat for a cylindrical cam end being provided at the end of the lock which is turned towards the inside of the switch to allow the blocking in translation of the assembly formed by the shaft and the cams, via said bearing.

Selon une autre caractéristique complémentaire, les cames assurent l'immobilisation en translation de l'arbre par coincement d'une collerette qui est fixée sur cet arbre et qui est maintenue soit entre deux cames superposées, soit entre une came et directement ou indirectement une plaque, de manière à permettre une saillie ajustable de l'arbre hors du commutateur tant en montage frontal qu'en montage en saillie.According to another additional characteristic, the cams ensure the immobilization in translation of the shaft by jamming a flange which is fixed on this shaft and which is held either between two superimposed cams, or between a cam and directly or indirectly a plate , so as to allow an adjustable projection of the shaft outside the switch both in front mounting and in surface mounting.

Selon une autre caractéristique complémentaire le commutateur comporte une cellule assurant le positionnement de l'arbre de commande et/ou des cames, près de la plaque de fixation, par une portée pour came de positionnement centrée sur l'axe de l'arbre et emboîtée avec la came de contact qui la suit dans l'empilement de cames emboîtées, ladite came de positionnement ayant même diamètre maximal que les cames de contact, de manière à faciliter l'introduction de l'ensemble formé par l'arbre et par les cames à travers la plaque terminale et les cellules.According to another additional characteristic, the switch comprises a cell ensuring the positioning of the control shaft and / or of the cams, near the fixing plate, by a bearing for positioning cam centered on the axis of the shaft and fitted with the contact cam which follows it in the stack of nested cams, said positioning cam having the same maximum diameter as the contact cams, so as to facilitate the introduction of the assembly formed by the shaft and by the cams through the end plate and cells.

L'invention, ses caractéristiques et ses avantages sont précisés dans la description qui suit en relation avec les figures répertoriées ci-dessous.

  • La figure 1 présente un schéma de principe montrant l'alternative de montage du commutateur selon l'invention et son raccordement électrique.
  • La figure 2 présente un schéma de principe montrant, en vue éclatée, la disposition de certains éléments caractéristiques du commutateur selon l'invention pour un montage frontal.
  • La figure 3 présente un schéma de principe montrant, en vue éclatée, la disposition des éléments caractéristiques présentés en figure 2, ici dans le cas d'un montage en saillie du commutateur.
  • La figure 4 présente une vue en coupe médiane d'un commutateur selon l'invention dans le cas d'un montage frontal.
  • La figure 5 présente un arraché en coupe selon V - V montrant la disposition des bornes de connexions dans le commutateur vu figure 4.
  • La figure 6 présente une vue de dessus d'une plaque de fixation prévue pour le commutateur vu figure 4.
  • La figure 7 présente une vue de dessus coupée selon VII - VII d'une cellule de contact dotée d'une came d'actionnement des contacts.
  • La figure 8 présente une coupe détaillée d'une came de contact de la figure 4.
  • La figure 9 présente une vue de dessus d'une cellule de positionnement d'arbre pour commutateur tel que vu figure 4.
  • Les figures 10, 11, 12 présentent chacune un schéma de principe montrant les possibilités de positionnement d'arbre de commande pour différents montages du commutateur selon l'invention.
The invention, its characteristics and its advantages are specified in the description which follows in relation to the figures listed below.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram showing the alternative mounting of the switch according to the invention and its electrical connection.
  • Figure 2 shows a block diagram showing, in exploded view, the arrangement of certain characteristic elements of the switch according to the invention for front mounting.
  • FIG. 3 presents a block diagram showing, in exploded view, the arrangement of the characteristic elements presented in FIG. 2, here in the case of a surface mounting of the switch.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view in median section of a switch according to the invention in the case of front mounting.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cutaway in section along V - V showing the arrangement of the connection terminals in the switch seen in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of a fixing plate provided for the switch seen in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 presents a top view cut along VII - VII of a contact cell provided with a contact actuation cam.
  • FIG. 8 shows a detailed section of a contact cam of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 9 shows a top view of a shaft positioning cell for a switch as seen in FIG. 4.
  • Figures 10, 11, 12 each show a block diagram showing the possibilities of positioning the control shaft for different assemblies of the switch according to the invention.

Le schéma proposé en figure 1 montre un commutateur électrique 1 destiné à être fixé sur une paroi d'un support 2 par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque de fixation 3 située à l'une des extrémités du commutateur 1 considéré selon un axe longitudinal XX', ici confondu avec l'axe d'un arbre de commande 4 permettant d'actionner les éléments mobiles des contacts électriques de ce commutateur, qui ne sont pas représentés sur cette figure.The diagram proposed in FIG. 1 shows an electrical switch 1 intended to be fixed to a wall of a support 2 by means of a fixing plate 3 situated at one of the ends of the switch 1 considered along a longitudinal axis XX ', here combined with the axis of a control shaft 4 for actuating the movable elements of the electrical contacts of this switch, which are not shown in this figure.

En ce but l'arbre de commande 4 entraîne en rotation des cames 5 d'actionnement des éléments mobiles des contacts et classiquement une came de positionnement 6, les contacts électriques comportent aussi des éléments fixes, non représentés sur cette figure, qui sont reliés à des bornes de connexion, telle 7, pour des fils électriques, tel 8, provenant d'appareils électriques extérieurs au commutateur et non représentés.To this end, the control shaft 4 rotates cams 5 for actuating the movable elements of the contacts and conventionally a positioning cam 6, the electrical contacts also include fixed elements, not shown in this figure, which are connected to connection terminals, such as 7, for electrical wires, such as 8, coming from electrical devices external to the switch and not shown.

Les contacts électriques sont classiquement réunis par groupes, généralement d'un nombre pair de contacts, avec leurs bornes de connexion et leurs cames d'actionnement dans des cellules qui sont empilées les unes sur les autres selon l'axe longitudinal XX' du commutateur, telles les cellules 9 et 10 sur la figure 2.The electrical contacts are conventionally brought together in groups, generally of an even number of contacts, with their connection terminals and their actuating cams in cells which are stacked one on the other along the longitudinal axis XX ′ of the switch, such as cells 9 and 10 in Figure 2.

Les bornes 7 peuvent être de tout type usuel convenable et en particulier du type à cavalier de serrage 28 porté par une vis 27 vient se fixer dans une lame conductrice fixe 24, telle la borne 7A1 à cavalier 28A1, vis 27A1 et lame 24A1 sur la figure 5. Chaque borne de connexion 7 est située de manière à être accessible de l'extérieur pour permettre l'insertion de l'âme d'un fil électrique tel 8 et pour pouvoir être manoeuvrée en vue de la connexion de ce fil à la borne.The terminals 7 can be of any suitable conventional type and in particular of the type with clamping jumper 28 carried by a screw 27 is fixed in a fixed conducting blade 24, such as terminal 7A1 with jumper 28A1, screw 27A1 and blade 24A1 on the Figure 5. Each connection terminal 7 is located so as to be accessible from the outside to allow the insertion of the core of an electric wire such 8 and to be able to be operated for the connection of this wire to the thick headed.

Le plus généralement la connexion s'effectue par poussée, traction, ou vissage comme représenté pour la borne 7 sur la figure 1, et il est nécessaire que la borne soit accessible dans une direction appelée par la suite axe d'actionnement et représentée ici par l'axe YY'. Dans l'exemple présenté, il est nécessaire de présenter la lame d'un tournevis 11 suivant l'axe d'actionnement YY' de la vis qui est ici son axe de vissage.Most generally, the connection is made by pushing, pulling, or screwing as shown for terminal 7 in FIG. 1, and it is necessary for the terminal to be accessible in a direction hereinafter called actuation axis and represented here by the YY 'axis. In the example presented, it is necessary to present the blade of a screwdriver 11 along the actuation axis YY 'of the screw which is here its screwing axis.

Pour les raisons évoquées plus haut, la borne de connexion 7 et son axe d'actionnement YY' sont obliquement disposés par rapport à l'axe XX' de l'arbre de commande 4, l'axe d'actionnement YY' étant légèrement incliné par rapport à l'axe XX' de l'arbre de manière à converger avec les axes d'actionnement correspondants aux autres bornes dans la direction de la plaque de fixation 3.For the reasons mentioned above, the connection terminal 7 and its actuation axis YY 'are obliquely disposed relative to the axis XX' of the control shaft 4, the actuation axis YY 'being slightly inclined relative to the axis XX 'of the shaft so as to converge with the actuating axes corresponding to the other terminals in the direction of the fixing plate 3.

Dans la mesure où le commutateur 1 est prévu pour être monté tant en montage frontal qu'en montage en saillie, il est nécessaire de pouvoir faire sortir l'arbre 4 soit à travers la plaque de fixation 3 et la paroi du support 2, soit à travers une plaque terminale 12 obturant le commutateur 1 à l'opposé de la plaque de fixation 3, puisque l'on ne peut évidemment pas fixer le commutateur sur un support par cette plaque terminale 12, sans supprimer l'accès aux bornes de connexion selon leurs axes d'actionnement.Insofar as the switch 1 is designed to be mounted both in front mounting and in surface mounting, it is necessary to be able to bring out the shaft 4 either through the fixing plate 3 and the wall of the support 2, or through an end plate 12 closing the switch 1 opposite the fixing plate 3, since one obviously cannot fix the switch on a support by this end plate 12, without removing access to the connection terminals according to their axes of actuation.

Selon l'invention on prévoit donc deux conduits 13 et 14, ménagés selon l'axe XX' de l'arbre de commande 4, l'un à travers la plaque de fixation 3 et l'autre à travers la plaque terminale 12, pour permettre la saillie de l'arbre 4 à travers au moins l'une des plaques 3 ou 12, soit dans la position présentée à gauche en traits pleins soit dans la position à droite présentée en traits fins sur la figure 1.According to the invention, therefore, two conduits 13 and 14 are provided, arranged along the axis XX 'of the control shaft 4, one through the fixing plate 3 and the other through the end plate 12, for allow the projection of the shaft 4 through at least one of the plates 3 or 12, either in the position presented on the left in solid lines or in the position on the right presented in thin lines in FIG. 1.

Chaque conduit 13, 14 autorise la rotation de l'arbre 4, lorsque ce dernier passe à travers lui et il comporte un logement de bague 15 ou 16 à l'une de ses extrémités pour au moins une bague de limitation angulaire, telle 17 tournant avec l'arbre 4 sur lequel elle est bloquée en rotation ainsi qu'on le verra plus loin en liaison avec la figure 6.Each conduit 13, 14 allows the rotation of the shaft 4, when the latter passes through it and it has a ring housing 15 or 16 at one of its ends for at least one angular limitation ring, such as 17 rotating with the shaft 4 on which it is locked in rotation as will be seen later in connection with FIG. 6.

Cette bague de limitation angulaire 17 assure une limitation de la rotation de l'arbre 4 sur lui-même en liaison avec au moins une butée complémentaire fixe du logement de bague, telle la butée complémentaire 18 du logement de bague 16, dans le cas non présenté en figure 1 où la bague de limitation angulaire 17 serait dans ce logement de bague 16.This angular limitation ring 17 ensures a limitation of the rotation of the shaft 4 on itself in connection with at least one fixed complementary stop of the ring housing, such as the complementary stop 18 of the ring housing 16, in the case not presented in FIG. 1 where the angular limitation ring 17 would be in this ring housing 16.

Le conduit 14 comporte aussi un verrou 19 de blocage en translation de l'ensemble formé par l'arbre 4 et les cames 5 et 6 qu'il commande dans le commutateur 1.The duct 14 also includes a lock 19 for locking in translation the assembly formed by the shaft 4 and the cams 5 and 6 which it controls in the switch 1.

Le verrou 19 contient le logement de bague 16 du conduit 14 que le comporte.The latch 19 contains the ring housing 16 of the conduit 14 that it comprises.

Pour des raisons de facilité lors de la constitution du commutateur qui seront évoquées plus loin, le verrou 19 est préférablement logé et fixé dans la plaque terminale 12 du côté extérieur de cette plaque et le logement de bague 16 qu'il comporte est orienté vers l'extérieur du commutateur. De manière analogue le logement de bague 15 est préférablement orienté lui aussi vers l'extérieur du commutateur sur la plaque de fixation et donc vers le support 2.For reasons of ease during the constitution of the switch which will be discussed later, the latch 19 is preferably housed and fixed in the end plate 12 on the outside of this plate and the ring housing 16 which it comprises is oriented towards the outside the switch. Similarly, the ring housing 15 is preferably also oriented towards the outside of the switch on the fixing plate and therefore towards the support 2.

La ou les bagues de positionnement angulaire 17 sont montées dans le logement de bague 15 ou 16 d'où saille l'arbre de commande 4 en fonction du montage frontal ou en saillie alternativement choisi.The angular positioning ring or rings 17 are mounted in the ring housing 15 or 16 from which protrudes the control shaft 4 as a function of the front mounting or alternately projecting projection.

La disposition des éléments caractéristiques du commutateur que constituent l'arbre et les bagues de positionnement angulaire, est donc amenée à être modifiée en fonction du montage choisi, ainsi que le montre les figures 2 et 3 et il est donc essentiel d'avoir des éléments aisément interchangeables.The arrangement of the characteristic elements of the switch which constitute the shaft and the angular positioning rings, is therefore brought to be modified as a function of the assembly chosen, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and it is therefore essential to have elements easily interchangeable.

Le commutateur en montage frontal (figure 2), qui est donc destiné à avoir son arbre 4 traversant la plaque de fixation 3 et le support non figuré qui la porte, prévoit de limiter la rotation de cet arbre 4 par une ou ici deux bagues de limitation angulaire 17, situées dans le logement de bague 15 de la plaque de fixation en vue de coopérer avec la butée 18 de ce logement de bague.The front mounting switch (FIG. 2), which is therefore intended to have its shaft 4 passing through the fixing plate 3 and the non-illustrated support which carries it, plans to limit the rotation of this shaft 4 by one or here two rings of angular limitation 17, located in the ring housing 15 of the fixing plate in order to cooperate with the stop 18 of this ring housing.

L'arbre 4 ne traverse pas nécessairement tout le commutateur car il est immobilisé en translation par les cames 5 ou 6 d'une manière qui sera évoquée plus loin. L'ensemble formé par l'arbre 4 et par les cames 5 et 6 alignées est introduit dans le commutateur à travers la plaque terminale 12 et les cellules 10 et 9 et il est immobilisé par le verrou 19 qui limite le déplacement des cames 5, 6 entre lui-même et la plaque de fixation 3, étant doté comme celle-ci d'une portée 20, respectivement 22 pour les extrémités des embouts cylindriques 21 des cames terminales 5, 6 de part et d'autre de l'ensemble formé par ces cames.The shaft 4 does not necessarily cross the entire switch because it is immobilized in translation by the cams 5 or 6 in a manner which will be discussed later. The assembly formed by the shaft 4 and by the aligned cams 5 and 6 is introduced into the switch through the end plate 12 and the cells 10 and 9 and it is immobilized by the latch 19 which limits the movement of the cams 5, 6 between itself and the fixing plate 3, being provided like this with a bearing surface 20, respectively 22 for the ends of the cylindrical end pieces 21 of the terminal cams 5, 6 on either side of the assembly formed by these cams.

Le commutateur en montage en saillie est destiné à avoir son arbre 4 traversant la plaque terminale 12 (figure 3) ou plus précisément le verrou 19 immobilisé dans cette plaque terminale.The surface-mounted switch is intended to have its shaft 4 passing through the end plate 12 (FIG. 3) or more precisely the latch 19 immobilized in this end plate.

L'ensemble formé par les cames 5 et 6 et l'arbre 4 saillant hors de cet ensemble du côté des cames 5, est introduit dans le commutateur à travers la plaque terminale 12 et les cellules 10 et 9 et il est immobilisé en translation par le verrou 19 et la plaque de fixation via les portées 20, 22 de ces deux éléments de même que précédemment. L'arbre 4 traverse le verrou 19, via un canal 23 permettant sa rotation; celle-ci est cependant limitée, ici par les deux bagues de positionnement angulaire 17, alors logées dans les logements de bague 15,16 de manière à coopérer avec les butées 18 respectives ménagées dans ce logement. L'arbre 4 ne traverse pas nécessairement tout le commutateur, étant immobilisé par les cames 5 ou 6 d'une manière décrite plus loin.The assembly formed by the cams 5 and 6 and the shaft 4 protruding from this assembly on the side of the cams 5, is introduced into the switch through the end plate 12 and the cells 10 and 9 and it is immobilized in translation by the latch 19 and the fixing plate via the bearing surfaces 20, 22 of these two elements as well as above. The shaft 4 passes through the latch 19, via a channel 23 allowing its rotation; this is however limited, here by the two angular positioning rings 17, then housed in the ring housings 15,16 so as to cooperate with the respective stops 18 provided in this housing. The shaft 4 does not necessarily cross the entire switch, being immobilized by the cams 5 or 6 in a manner described below.

Les figures 4 à 9 permettent de préciser l'invention et ses avantages sur un exemple de réalisation.Figures 4 to 9 make it possible to specify the invention and its advantages over an exemplary embodiment.

Le commutateur électrique 1 présenté en figure 4 est étagé selon l'axe XX' de son arbre de commande 4 positionné sur cette figure pour un montage frontal du commutateur.The electrical switch 1 shown in Figure 4 is stepped along the axis XX 'of its control shaft 4 positioned in this figure for front mounting of the switch.

Les différents étages sont constitués par la plaque de fixation 3, une cellule 9 de positionnement et ici de contact, une ou plusieurs cellules de contact 10, telles 10A et 10B, et une plaque terminale 12.The different stages consist of the fixing plate 3, a positioning cell 9 and here of contact, one or more contact cells 10, such as 10A and 10B, and an end plate 12.

Les étages sont fixés l'un sur l'autre par des moyens connus non représentés ici par exemple par accrochage de griffes de l'un sur des rebords du suivant ou par boulonnage.The stages are fixed to each other by known means not shown here for example by hooking claws of one on the edges of the next or by bolting.

L'axe XX' de l'arbre de commande 4 traverse centralement les différents étages et l'arbre 4 est susceptible de saillir soit à travers la plaque de fixation 3, via le conduit axial 13 de cette plaque et le logement axial de bague 15 où débouche ce conduit, soit encore d'une manière non représentée à travers la plaque terminale 12 ou plus precisément le verrou 19, via le conduit axial 14 et le logement de bague 16 de ce verrou.The axis XX 'of the control shaft 4 passes through the various stages centrally and the shaft 4 is capable of projecting either through the fixing plate 3, via the axial duct 13 of this plate and the axial ring housing 15 where this conduit opens, or again in a manner not shown through the end plate 12 or more precisely the latch 19, via the axial conduit 14 and the ring housing 16 of this latch.

L'arbre 4 est conçu pour entraîner une série de cames comprenant une came de positionnement 6 venant se placer au contact de la plaque de fixation 3 dans la cellule de positionnement 9 ainsi que des cames de contact 5, telles 5A ou 5C, alignées derrière la came de positionnement 6 et jusqu'à la plaque terminale 12.The shaft 4 is designed to drive a series of cams comprising a positioning cam 6 which comes into contact with the fixing plate 3 in the positioning cell 9 as well as contact cams 5, such as 5A or 5C, aligned behind the positioning cam 6 and up to the end plate 12.

Le nombre de cames de contact 5 est fonction du nombre d'éléments mobiles de contacts électriques à commander.The number of contact cams 5 is a function of the number of mobile elements of electrical contacts to be controlled.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation présenté, il est prévu deux cames 5 par cellule pour commander deux contacts électriques connus en eux-mêmes. Ces contacts sont composés chacun de deux éléments fixes 23 (figure 7), connectés chacun à une lame conductrice fixe 24 d'une borne de connexion différente et aptes à être électriquement reliés entre eux sous le contrôle d'une came 5 par un élément mobile 26, ce dernier étant porté par un poussoir glissant 25 actionné par la came, et précontraint par un ressort 35; tels sont notamment les éléments fixes 23A1, 23A2 connectés respectivement l'un à la lame fixe de la borne 24A1, l'autre à la lame de la borne 24A2 et aptes à être électriquement reliés par l'élément mobile 26A que porte le poussoir 25A coulissant sous l'action de la came 5A (figures 4 et 7).In the embodiment shown, two cams 5 are provided per cell for controlling two electrical contacts known in themselves. These contacts are each composed of two fixed elements 23 (FIG. 7), each connected to a fixed conductive strip 24 of a different connection terminal and able to be electrically connected together under the control of a cam 5 by a mobile element. 26, the latter being carried by a sliding pusher 25 actuated by the cam, and prestressed by a spring 35; such are in particular the fixed elements 23A1, 23A2 connected respectively one to the fixed blade of the terminal 24A1, the other to the blade of the terminal 24A2 and able to be electrically connected by the movable element 26A carried by the pusher 25A sliding under the action of the cam 5A (Figures 4 and 7).

Comme indiqué plus haut les bornes de connexion 7 sont placées obliquement par rapport à l'axe XX' de l'arbre 4 de manière à avoir leurs axes d'actionnement YY' respectifs légèrement inclinés par rapport à cet axe XX' et convergents dans la direction de la plaque de fixation 3 du commutateur, telle la borne 7C1 dont l'axe d'actionnement YC1 - Y'C1 converge vers l'axe XX' au-delà de la plaque de fixation 3 et du support 2 sur la figure 5.As indicated above, the connection terminals 7 are placed obliquely with respect to the axis XX 'of the shaft 4 so as to have their respective actuation axes YY' slightly inclined with respect to this axis XX 'and converging in the direction of the fixing plate 3 of the switch, such as terminal 7C1 whose actuation axis YC1 - Y'C1 converges towards the axis XX 'beyond the fixing plate 3 and the support 2 in FIG. 5 .

Les cames 5 et 6 sont empilées selon l'axe XX' de l'arbre 4 qui vient se loger dans au moins certaines d'entre elles ainsi que le montre la figure 4. Chaque came 5 comporte intérieurement et successivement une portée cylindrique axiale à section circulaire 29 (figure 8) prolongée intérieurement par une empreinte polygonale axiale 30 d'entraînement de came elle-même prolongée par un conduit polygonal axial 31 de passage d'arbre. Le conduit polygonal axial 31 débouche de l'autre côté de la came 5 par rapport à la portée cylindrique interne 29 et permet le passage d'un arbre au travers de la came et le blocage en rotation de la came sur l'arbre.The cams 5 and 6 are stacked along the axis XX ′ of the shaft 4 which is housed in at least some of them as shown in FIG. 4. Each cam 5 has internally and successively an axial cylindrical bearing at circular section 29 (FIG. 8) extended internally by an axial polygonal imprint 30 for cam drive itself extended by an axial polygonal conduit 31 for shaft passage. The axial polygonal duct 31 opens out on the other side of the cam 5 relative to the internal cylindrical bearing surface 29 and allows the passage of a shaft through the cam and the rotation lock of the cam on the shaft.

La came 5 comporte extérieurement et successivement:

  • - une première portée externe 32 définissant le profil de commande que l'on veut donner à la came, ainsi que le montrent les figures 7 et 8;
  • - une seconde portée externe 33, axiale, et circulaire dont les dimensions correspondant à celles de la portée cylindrique 29, de manière à permettre le centrage d'une came 5 dans une autre par introduction de la seconde portée externe 33 de l'une dans la portée cylindrique interne 29 de l'autre;
  • - un embout polygonal axial 34 dont les dimensions correspondant à celles de l'empreinte polygonale 30 dont il est complémentaire de manière à permettre l'entraînement d'une came 5 par une came adjacente, l'embout de l'une pénétrant dans l'empreinte de l'autre.
The cam 5 externally and successively comprises:
  • - A first external bearing 32 defining the control profile that we want to give to the cam, as shown in Figures 7 and 8;
  • - A second external bearing 33, axial, and circular whose dimensions corresponding to those of the cylindrical bearing 29, so as to allow centering of a cam 5 in another by introduction of the second external bearing 33 of one in the internal cylindrical surface 29 of the other;
  • - An axial polygonal end piece 34 whose dimensions corresponding to those of the polygonal footprint 30 of which it is complementary so as to allow the driving of a cam 5 by an adjacent cam, the end piece of one penetrating into the imprint of the other.

Il est donc possible d'entraîner toutes les cames 5 d'un train de cames, tel le train de cames 5A, 5A', 5B, 5B', 5C, 5C', par un arbre pénétrant dans le conduit polygonal 31 d'au moins l'une d'entre elles ainsi que le montre la figure 4 ou l'arbre 4 pénètre uniquement dans les cames 5C, 5C'.It is therefore possible to drive all the cams 5 of a cam train, such as the cam train 5A, 5A ', 5B, 5B', 5C, 5C ', by a shaft penetrating into the polygonal conduit 31 of at least one of them as shown in FIG. 4 or the shaft 4 penetrates only into the cams 5C, 5C '.

Classiquement ainsi que montré sur les figures 4 et 9 on dispose aussi d'une came de positionnement 6 ici à quatre lobes qui détermine les différentes positions angulaires possible de l'arbre 4 tournant selon son axe XX'.Conventionally as shown in Figures 4 and 9 there is also a positioning cam 6 here with four lobes which determines the different possible angular positions of the shaft 4 rotating along its axis XX '.

La came de positionnement 6 est logé dans une cellule particulière 9 qui dans l'exemple choisi joue aussi un rôle de cellule de contact pour les contacts les plus proches.The positioning cam 6 is housed in a particular cell 9 which in the example chosen also acts as a contact cell for the closest contacts.

La came de positionnement 6 est traversée de part en part par un canal polygonal ayant même section transversale que le conduit polygonal 31 des cames de contact de manière à pouvoir elle aussi être bloquée en rotation sur l'arbre 4. Elle est dotée d'un embout polygonal 37 correspondant aux embouts polygonaux 34 des cames de contact 5, de manière à pouvoir pénétrer dans une empreinte polygonale 30 de came de contact de même manière que ces dernières et dans un but identique, les cames 5 et 6 empilées selon l'axe XX' étant ainsi solidaires en rotation.The positioning cam 6 is traversed right through by a polygonal channel having the same cross section as the polygonal conduit 31 of the contact cams so that it too can be locked in rotation on the shaft 4. It is provided with a polygonal end piece 37 corresponding to the polygonal end pieces 34 of the contact cams 5, so as to be able to penetrate into a polygonal imprint 30 of contact cam in the same way as the latter and for an identical purpose, the cams 5 and 6 stacked along the axis XX 'thus being integral in rotation.

La came de positionnement 6 comporte un embout axial 36 à section transversale circulaire qui vient se positionner dans le conduit 13 de la plaque de fixation 3 et elle prend appui sur la portée 22 ménagée sur cette plaque de fixation.The positioning cam 6 has an axial end piece 36 with a circular cross section which is positioned in the duct 13 of the fixing plate 3 and it is supported on the bearing 22 provided on this fixing plate.

L'arbre 4 et le train de cames 5, 6 aligné selon son axe XX' sont immobilisés en translation par le verrou 19 entre la portée 20, sur laquelle appuie l'extrémité de l'embout polygonal 34 de la dernière came de contact 5A, et la portée 22, sur laquelle appuie la came 6 par son extrémité opposée aux cames de contact 5, lorsque le train de cames est en place.The shaft 4 and the cam train 5, 6 aligned along its axis XX ′ are immobilized in translation by the lock 19 between the bearing surface 20, on which the end of the polygonal end piece 34 of the last contact cam 5A rests , and the bearing surface 22, on which the cam 6 bears by its end opposite to the contact cams 5, when the train of cams is in place.

L'arbre 4 vient s'immobiliser en translation dans le train de cames 5, 6 entre les portées 20, 22 par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette 38 qui est fixée à lui et qui est susceptible de se placer entre deux cames ou entre une came d'extrémité et la portée correspondante ainsi qu'indiqué plus loin.The shaft 4 comes to stop in translation in the cam train 5, 6 between the bearings 20, 22 by means of a flange 38 which is fixed to it and which is capable of being placed between two cams or between an end cam and the corresponding range as indicated below.

De manière connue la came de positionnement 6 coopère avec des poussoirs de positionnement 39,39', (figure 9).In known manner, the positioning cam 6 cooperates with positioning pushers 39, 39 ′ (FIG. 9).

Ces poussoirs de positionnement sont élastiquement appliqués contre le profil de la came de positionnement 6 par de forts ressorts 40,40', ces ressorts assurent le maintien en position de l'arbre aux différentes positions angulaires prévues et la création pendant la première partie de la rotation entre deux positions, d'une forte résistance à la rotation qui est prévue pour favoriser une commutation rapide au niveau des contacts électriques.These positioning pushers are elastically applied against the profile of the positioning cam 6 by strong springs 40, 40 ′, these springs ensure that the shaft is held in position at the various angular positions provided and that the first part of the creation is created. rotation between two positions, a strong resistance to rotation which is designed to promote rapid switching at the electrical contacts.

Lors du montage de l'arbre 4 et du train de came 5, 6 dans le commutateur 1, il est nécessaire de prévoir le passage des cames à travers les cellules 9, 10 en vue de leur positionnement définitif, ceci s'effectue en compressant les ressorts 35 des poussoirs et les ressorts de positionnement 40, 40'. Dans la mesure où ces derniers sont beaucoup plus durs à compresser que les ressorts 35 et où l'on s'efforce au maximum de réduire les dimensions des cames 5, 6 pour réduire le volume du commutateur, il est donc préférable de ne pas introduire le train de cames à travers la cellule de positionnement 9, pour éviter d'avoir à comprimer les ressorts de positionnement 40, 40' en dehors de la phase de mise en place de la came de positionnement 6.When mounting the shaft 4 and the cam train 5, 6 in the switch 1, it is necessary to provide for the passage of the cams through the cells 9, 10 for their final positioning, this is done by compressing the springs 35 of the pushers and the positioning springs 40, 40 '. Since the latter are much harder to compress than the springs 35 and as much effort is made to reduce the dimensions of the cams 5, 6 in order to reduce the volume of the switch, it is therefore preferable not to introduce the train of cams through the positioning cell 9, to avoid having to compress the positioning springs 40, 40 ′ outside of the positioning cam positioning phase 6.

De ce fait le train de cames 5, 6 est conçu de manière que la came de positionnement 6 ait même extension ou diamètre maximal que les cames de contact 5 de manière à pouvoir introduire le train, came de positionnement en tête, à travers la plaque terminale 12 et les cellules de contact 10, jusqu'à pénétration de la came de positionnement 6 dans sa cellule 9.Therefore the cam train 5, 6 is designed so that the positioning cam 6 has the same extension or maximum diameter as the contact cams 5 so as to be able to introduce the train, positioning cam at the head, through the plate 12 and the contact cells 10, until penetration of the positioning cam 6 into its cell 9.

Ceci est facilité par la présence du verrou 19 que l'on vient positionner et fixer dans la plaque terminale 12 après montage du train de cames 5, 6 et de l'arbre 4.This is facilitated by the presence of the lock 19 which is just positioned and fixed in the end plate 12 after assembly of the cam train 5, 6 and the shaft 4.

Comme indiqué plus haut et montré en relation avec les figures 4, 10, 11, 12, il est prévu de monter l'arbre 4 selon deux types de montages différents, l'un frontal où l'arbre 4 sort à travers la plaque de fixation 3 du commutateur pour traverser le support 2, l'autre en saillie ou l'arbre 4 sort à travers la plaque terminale 12.As indicated above and shown in relation to FIGS. 4, 10, 11, 12, provision is made to mount the shaft 4 according to two different types of mounting, one at the front where the shaft 4 exits through the plate fixing 3 of the switch to pass through the support 2, the other protruding or the shaft 4 comes out through the end plate 12.

En ce but la collerette 38 de l'arbre 4 est positionnée dans le commutateur 1 soit entre les cames engrenées, comme montré en figure 4, soit entre une came 5 ou 6 située en extrémité et la portée 20 du verrou 19 ou 42 correspondante de plaque 3.For this purpose, the flange 38 of the shaft 4 is positioned in the switch 1 either between the geared cams, as shown in FIG. 4, or between a cam 5 or 6 located at the end and the bearing surface 20 of the corresponding latch 19 or 42 of plate 3.

Dans le premier cas, la collerette 38 vient alors se loger au fond de l'empreinte polygonale 30 d'une came 5 sous l'embout polygonal 34 de la came 5 introduite dans cette empreinte, telle 38 entre le fond de l'empreinte polygonale de la came de contacts 5C' et l'embout polygonal de la came de positionnement 6.In the first case, the collar 38 is then housed at the bottom of the polygonal imprint 30 of a cam 5 under the polygonal end piece 34 of the cam 5 introduced into this imprint, such 38 between the bottom of the polygonal imprint of the contact cam 5C 'and the polygonal end of the positioning cam 6.

Il est donc possible de régler par pas le dépassant de l'arbre 4 hors du commutateur 1 en déplaçant la collerette 38 de cet arbre 4 entre les positions indiquées ci-dessus, ceci pouvant éventuellement être réalisé en installation, de même que le changement de montage déjà indiqué.It is therefore possible to adjust by step the protrusion of the shaft 4 outside the switch 1 by moving the flange 38 of this shaft 4 between the positions indicated above, this possibly being possible in installation, as well as the change of mounting already indicated.

La figure 10 montre ainsi schématiquement un montage en saillie d'un commutateur pour lequel la collerette 38 est placée entre la portée ménagée dans le verrou 19 de la plaque terminale et l'embout polygonal 34 de la came 5 située en extrémité, près du verrou 19.FIG. 10 thus schematically shows a surface mounting of a switch for which the flange 38 is placed between the bearing provided in the latch 19 of the end plate and the polygonal end piece 34 of the cam 5 situated at the end, near the latch 19.

La figure 11 montre schématiquement un commutateur à grand nombre de cellules de contact, symbolisées par leurs cames 5, où l'arbre 4 est en montage frontal et traverse donc la plaque de fixation 3 contre laquelle la collerette 38 de cet arbre 4 prend appui, étant coincée entre l'extrémité de l'embout 36 de la came de positionnement 6 et la portée prévue sur la plaque de fixation 3 pour cette came 6.FIG. 11 schematically shows a switch with a large number of contact cells, symbolized by their cams 5, where the shaft 4 is in front mounting and therefore passes through the fixing plate 3 against which the flange 38 of this shaft 4 is supported, being wedged between the end of the end piece 36 of the positioning cam 6 and the bearing provided on the fixing plate 3 for this cam 6.

La figure 12 montre un commutateur de très grande capacité composé par association en ligne de deux commutateurs 1,1' ayant leurs arbres 4, 4' respectifs même position que celui présenté figure 11. L'arbre 4' pénétre par le canal 23 à travers le verrou 19 du premier commutateur de manière à s'engrener dans les cames 5 de ce commutateur qui sont à proximité de ce verrou et il est entraîné par la rotation de l'arbre 4, les commutateurs étant solidarisés par un agencement d'assemblage 40 classique non décrit ici.Figure 12 shows a very large capacity switch composed by online association of two 1.1 'switches having their respective shafts 4, 4' same position as that shown in Figure 11. The shaft 4 'penetrates through channel 23 through the latch 19 of the first switch so as to mesh with the cams 5 of this switch which are close to this latch and it is driven by the rotation of the shaft 4, the switches being secured by an assembly arrangement 40 classic no described here.

Il est bien entendu possible de réaliser un tel commutateur dans les deux montages évoqués ci-dessus et de régler le dépassant de l'arbre de commande selon le processus évoqué plus haut, ceci étant réalisable en fabrication ou en installation. Il est éventuellement possible de modifier le nombre d'étages d'un commutateur en ajoutant ou supprimant une ou des cellules empilées et en modifiant en conséquence le train de cames et la position de l'arbre.It is of course possible to produce such a switch in the two assemblies mentioned above and to adjust the protrusion of the control shaft according to the process mentioned above, this being achievable in manufacture or in installation. It is optionally possible to modify the number of stages of a switch by adding or removing one or more stacked cells and by modifying the cam train and the position of the shaft accordingly.

Claims (9)

1. A stacked electrical switch intended to be solidly fixed to a support (2) by means of a mounting plate (3) provided at one of its ends, and to be operated by a rotative shaft (4) adapted to assume at least two distinct angular positions in order to control via cams (5, 6) movable electrical contact members (26) distributed over the stacked cells (9, 10), which cells are traversed by the axis (XX') of the shaft (4) according to their stacking and which also contain said cams, the electrical contacts comprising also stationary members (23), which are connected in the cells containing them to stationary blades (24) of connection terminals (7) accessible. from the outside of the switch, said terminals being placed obliquely in relation to the shaft axis (XX'), their respective operating axes (YY') being slightly inclined with respect to the shaft axis (XX'), such as to converge in the direction of the end of the switch which bears the mounting plate (3), characterized in that it comprises two passages (13, 14) extending along the axis of the shaft, one (13) of them being provided in the mounting plate (3) and the other (14) in a stationary end plate (12), located opposite the mounting plate (33) of the switch, to allow the shaft (4) to project through at least one of the two plates (3, 12), each passage (13 or 14 respectively) allowing the shaft to rotate and comprising a ring housing (15 or 16 respectively) at one of its ends for at least one angle limitation ring (17) fixed upon the shaft (4) in order to limit the rotation of that shaft in cooperation with at least one complementary stationary stop (18) provided in the corresponding ring housing (15 or 16 respectively) from which the shaft projects, one of the passages (14) including a lock (19) for blocking against translational movement the assembly consisting of the shaft (4) and the cams (5, 6) aligned with that shaft (4) and controlled by it, said blocking lock (19) containing the ring housing (16) of the passage which it includes and being pierced longitudinally by a channel (23) for allowing the shaft (4) to pass therethrough and possibly to project out of the switch.
2. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking lock (19) is placed in and at that end of the passage (14) of the end plate (12) of the switch, which is directed to the outside of the switch, for allowing the shaft and the cams to be mounted through the end plate.
3. An electrical switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the ring housing (16) provided in the blocking lock (19) is located at that end of the lock which is directed to the outside of the switch when the lock is in place, a bearing (20) being provided for the cylindrical cam end portion (21) at that end of the lock, which is directed towards the inside of the switch, allowing the assembly consisting of the shaft (4) and the cams (5, 6) to be blocked against translational movement, through said bearing (20) and a complementary bearing (22) of the mounting plate.
4. An electrical switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the cams (5, 6) immobilize the shaft (4) against translation by pinching a collar (38) which is fixed upon that shaft and which is held either between two superposed and engaged cams, or between a cam and, directly or indirectly, a plate (3 or 12), so as to allow the shaft projection out of the switch to be modified, as well in case of front mounting as in case of projection mounting.
5. An electrical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that it is constituted by rigid association of two stacked switches, the cams (5, 6) of which are linked by insertion of the control shaft of one switch through the lock of the other.
6. An electrical switch according to claim 5, characterized in that the switch comprises a cell (9) ensuring the positioning of the control shaft (4) and/or the cams, close to the mounting plate (3), by means of a bearing for a positioning cam (6) centered on the axis (XX') of the shaft (4) and nested together with the following contact cam (5) in the stack of nested cams, said positioning cam (6) having the same maximum diameter as the contact cams (5) engaged with it so as to facilitate the insertion of the assembly constituted by the shaft (4) and the cams (5, 6) through the end plate (12) and the cells (10, 9).
7. An electrical switch according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a control shaft (4) projecting through the lock (19) in which it is limited against rotation by at least one angular positioning ring (17).
8. An electrical switch according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a control shaft (4) projecting through the mounting plate (3) within which it is limited against rotation by at least one angular positioning ring (17).
9. An electrical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the cams (5), which are stacked along the axis (XX') of the shaft (4) in the various cells (10) of the switch, comprise each, internally and successively, an inner axial cylindrical bearing (29) of circular section, extended axially by an axial polygonal indentation (30), which in turn is extended by an axial polygonal conduit (31) for the shaft to pass, which conduit opens at the other side of the cam (5) related to the axial cylindrical bearing (29), and ensures the blocking of the cam on the shaft against rotation, when the latter passes therethrough, and which comprise, externally and successively, a first outer bearing (32) corresponding to the profile chosen for the cam, a second outer, cylindrical and axial bearing (33), complementary to the inner axial bearing (29) of circular section, so as to allow the cam which it includes to be centered upon a cam equipped with such an inner axial bearing (29), and an axial polygonal end portion (34) complementary to the polygonal indentation (30), so as to immobilize rotatively the cam which it includes about a cam equipped with such an indentation (30).
EP85113492A 1984-10-26 1985-10-24 Stacked electric switch with a rotating control member Expired EP0180857B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8416446 1984-10-26
FR8416446A FR2572580A1 (en) 1984-10-26 1984-10-26 ROTARY CONTROL ELECTRIC SWITCH

Publications (2)

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EP0180857A1 EP0180857A1 (en) 1986-05-14
EP0180857B1 true EP0180857B1 (en) 1989-01-04

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ID=9309043

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EP85113492A Expired EP0180857B1 (en) 1984-10-26 1985-10-24 Stacked electric switch with a rotating control member

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US (1) US4724287A (en)
EP (1) EP0180857B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0664969B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8505341A (en)
DE (1) DE3567313D1 (en)
ES (1) ES289862Y (en)
FR (1) FR2572580A1 (en)

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FR2886047A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-24 Tend Technology Co Ltd Stack-type switch, has switching modules each with axle comprising upper shaft with toothed section and lower shaft with toothed hole, where upper shaft of one module is received in toothed hole of other module

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2572580A1 (en) 1986-05-02
JPH0664969B2 (en) 1994-08-22
BR8505341A (en) 1986-08-05
US4724287A (en) 1988-02-09
ES289862U (en) 1986-07-01
ES289862Y (en) 1988-07-01
DE3567313D1 (en) 1989-02-09
EP0180857A1 (en) 1986-05-14
JPS61107618A (en) 1986-05-26

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