EP0179379B1 - Method for electrostatically spraying inorganic particles - Google Patents
Method for electrostatically spraying inorganic particles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0179379B1 EP0179379B1 EP85112988A EP85112988A EP0179379B1 EP 0179379 B1 EP0179379 B1 EP 0179379B1 EP 85112988 A EP85112988 A EP 85112988A EP 85112988 A EP85112988 A EP 85112988A EP 0179379 B1 EP0179379 B1 EP 0179379B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- frit
- ground
- agglomerates
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
- C23D5/04—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by dry methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the electrostatic application of powder mixtures of physically different systems, in particular the electrostatic powder application of enamel powder and color body mixtures.
- the present invention therefore relates to a process for the electrostatic spraying of mixtures of different inorganic powders with high surface resistance, in particular enamel powders and colored bodies, onto metallic substrates by forming uniform agglomerates from the powder particles which differ in terms of density, particle size and electrical resistance before the electrostatic spraying, which is characterized in that the agglomerates are formed by adding unsaturated organic compounds in amounts of about 0.1-0.5% by weight, based on frit content, to the agglomerate formation and grinding together before and during the grinding, and the uniform ones Agglomerates are sprayed.
- the addition of the agglomerating agent does not simultaneously lead to a deterioration in the powder properties, such as a reduction in the electrical powder resistance or a reduction in the fluidity of the powder mixture.
- enamel frit and colored body powder e.g. according to German Patent 2,015,072
- organosilicon compounds in such a way that they have an electrical resistance suitable for electrostatic powder application.
- the agglomeration-promoting substances can be added before, during or after the grinding process. In the latter case, the mixture is subjected to a brief agitation for better distribution and formation of suitable agglomerates.
- enamel frit and color bodies are used in grinding devices, e.g. in ball mills, with the addition of organosilicon compounds and agglomerating agents to the required fineness.
- the Si-organic compounds are in amounts of 0.1-1.0% by weight, based on the frit content, preferably 0.2-0.4% by weight, the agglomerating agents in amounts of about 0.1-0 , 5 wt .-% added.
- Screen printing oils are particularly suitable as agglomeration agents, e.g. Pine oil or unsaturated fatty acids such as Linseed oil or castor oil.
- polyphenols e.g. Tannin can be used for the purpose according to the invention.
- agglomerates consisting of frit particles and colored bodies can easily be demonstrated by the fact that after sieving the ground powder on a sieve with a mesh size of 40 l , a homogeneously colored residue remains, which consists of colorless frit particles to which colored bodies are attached are. If the agglomerate formation according to the invention does not take place, frit particles are separated from the finely dispersed color body particles by the sieve test described, the coarser colorless frit particles remain on the sieve.
- the color powder agglomerates obtained in this way are characterized by high electrical resistance and good fluidity.
- the powder produced in this way is sprayed onto metallic substrates, there is no separation of the frit and colored body particles.
- this can be demonstrated by the fact that a steel sheet coated with powder electrostatically has the same color (color location and brightness) after baking as a sample coated with recuperated powder in the same way.
- the powder mixture obtained in this way was sprayed onto a 10 ⁇ 10 cm, degreased and pickled steel sheet in a customary manner using a commercially available electrostatic gun applying 80 KV voltage to the corona electrode. After the application of 4-5 g powder / dm 2 , the powder electrostatically coated sample plate was baked at 820 ° C. for 3.5 minutes and then measured by colorimetry.
- Example 1 As described in Example 1, 950 g of commercially available transparent enamel frit, 50 g of rutile colored bodies, 4 g of siloxane according to Example 1 and 1 g of castor oil were again introduced into the same ball mill and ground until the grain distribution maximum of the powder mixture was below 40 ⁇ m and less than 20% Residue remained on the sieve.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft den elektrostatischen Auftrag von Pulvergemischen physikalisch unterschiedlicher Systeme, insbesondere den elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag von Emailpulver und Farbkörpermischungen.The present invention relates to the electrostatic application of powder mixtures of physically different systems, in particular the electrostatic powder application of enamel powder and color body mixtures.
Aus der deutschen Patentschrift 2 015 072 ist es bekannt, Emailpulver mit hohem elektrischen Widerstand für den elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag herzustellen, indem man der Emailfritte elektrisch isolierende Substanzen zusetzt, die mit den SiOH-Gruppen der Frittenoberfläche reagieren. Auf diese Weise gelingt es, im wesentlichen homogene Emailpulver mit hohem Oberflächenwiderstand zu erhalten und diese elektrostatisch auf metallische Substrate aufzubringen und eine gute Haftung zu erzielen.From German patent specification 2,015,072 it is known to produce enamel powder with high electrical resistance for electrostatic powder application by adding electrically insulating substances to the enamel frit which react with the SiOH groups on the frit surface. In this way it is possible to obtain essentially homogeneous enamel powder with a high surface resistance and to apply it electrostatically to metallic substrates and to achieve good adhesion.
Beim elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag von Emails für Farbemaillierungen, die aus einem Gemisch von Emailfritte und Farbkörper bestehen, treten aufgrund der allgemein unterschiedlichen Dichte, Teilchengröße und Widerstand von Emailpulver und Farbkörpern während des elektrostatischen Pulverauftrags Entmischungen auf, die einer breiteren Anwendung des elektrischen Pulverauftrags von Fritte/Farbkörpersystemen bei Farbemaillierungen bisher entgegenstehen. Infolge dieser Entmischungen ist es insbesondere bei Pastelltönen nicht mehr möglich, konstante einheitliche Farbtöne durch pulverelektrostatischen Auftrag zu erzielen.In the electrostatic powder application of enamels for color enamels, which consist of a mixture of enamel frit and colored bodies, segregation occurs due to the generally different density, particle size and resistance of enamel powder and colored bodies during electrostatic powder application, which results in a wider application of the electrical powder application of frit / colored body systems have previously stood in the way of color enamelling. As a result of these segregations, it is no longer possible, particularly in the case of pastel shades, to achieve constant, uniform shades by means of powder electrostatic application.
Aus der britischen Patentschrift 1 103 078 ist es bekannt, Gemische aus Emailfritten und Farbkörper herzustellen, indem eine wäßrige Suspension der Fritte und eine Pigmentsuspension hergestellt werden, die dann vermischt und anschließend filtriert werden. Danach erfolgt Trocknung, Erhitzen auf 400 bis 650°C und Mahlen der gesinterten Fritte/Pigment-Klinker. Diese agglomerisierten Teilchen können dann elektrostatisch aufgetragen werden. Nachteilig ist, daß dieses Verfahren sehr aufwendig ist und viel Energie verbraucht.From British patent specification 1 103 078 it is known to produce mixtures of enamel frits and colored bodies by producing an aqueous suspension of the frit and a pigment suspension, which are then mixed and then filtered. This is followed by drying, heating to 400 to 650 ° C and grinding the sintered frit / pigment clinker. These agglomerated particles can then be applied electrostatically. The disadvantage is that this process is very complex and consumes a lot of energy.
Während Emailpulver für den Auftrag im elektrischen Feld üblicherweise mittlere Teilchengrößen von 10 bis 60 um und eine Dichte von etwa 2,4 g/ cm aufweisen, liegen die entsprechenden Werte für Farbkörper beispielsweise bei 1 bis 5J,1m bzw. 4 bis 6 g/cm3. Werden diese nun gemeinsam unter Zuhilfenahme von Förderluft elektrostatisch versprüht, kommt es auf dem Weg von der elektrostatischen Sprüheinrichtung zu dem zu beschichtenden Werkstück aufgrund der Schwerkraft (Dichte), aufgrund aerodynamischer Einflüsse (Teilchengröße) sowie des elektrischen Feldes (Widerstand) zu Entmischungen, was zu ungleichmäßigen, schwankenden Farbtönen am emaillierten Substrat führt. Diese Farbunterschiede werden bei kontinuierlichem Auftrag durch Rückführung des Pulvers in den Pulverkreislauf sowie Zugabe von Frischpulver noch verstärkt.While enamel powder for application in an electric field usually has average particle sizes of 10 to 60 μm and a density of about 2.4 g / cm, the corresponding values for color bodies are, for example, 1 to 5 J, 1 m or 4 to 6 g / cm 3rd If these are sprayed together electrostatically with the aid of conveying air, segregation occurs on the way from the electrostatic spraying device to the workpiece to be coated due to gravity (density), due to aerodynamic influences (particle size) and the electrical field (resistance) leads to uneven, fluctuating colors on the enameled substrate. With continuous application, these color differences are further intensified by returning the powder to the powder cycle and adding fresh powder.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß derartige Mischsysteme ohne die nachteilige Entmischung elektrostatisch versprühbar sind, wenn vor dem elektrostatischen Auftrag aus den Pulverteilchen mit den physikalisch unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften im wesentlichen einheitliche Agglomerate, z.B. aus Emailfritteteilchen und Farbkörperpartikeln gebildet werden und diese Agglomerate versprüht werden.It has now been found that such mixing systems can be sprayed electrostatically without the disadvantageous demixing if, before the electrostatic application from the powder particles with the physically different properties, substantially uniform agglomerates, e.g. are formed from enamel frit particles and colored body particles and these agglomerates are sprayed.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Versprühen von Gemischen unterschiedlicher, anorganischer Pulver mit hohem Oberflächenwiderstand, insbesondere von Emailpulvern und Farbkörpern, auf metallische Substrate durch Bildung einheitlicher Agglomerate aus den hinsichtlich Dichte, Teilchengröße und elektrischem Widerstand unterschiedlichen Pulverteilchen vor dem elektrostatischen Versprühen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Agglomerate gebildet werden, indem man den Pulvergemischen vor oderwährend derVermahlung ungesättigte, organische Verbindungen in Mengen von etwa 0,1-0,5 Gew.-% bezogen auf Frittenanteil zur Agglomeratbildung zugibt und gemeinsam vermahlt, und die einheitlichen Agglomerate versprüht werden.The present invention therefore relates to a process for the electrostatic spraying of mixtures of different inorganic powders with high surface resistance, in particular enamel powders and colored bodies, onto metallic substrates by forming uniform agglomerates from the powder particles which differ in terms of density, particle size and electrical resistance before the electrostatic spraying, which is characterized in that the agglomerates are formed by adding unsaturated organic compounds in amounts of about 0.1-0.5% by weight, based on frit content, to the agglomerate formation and grinding together before and during the grinding, and the uniform ones Agglomerates are sprayed.
Die Agglomerate werden also erfindungsgemäß dadurch hergestellt, daß man die in Teilchengröße und Dichte unterschiedlichen Pulver mit einem agglomerationsfördernden Verklebungsmittel vermischt bzw. gemeinsam vermahlt. Die Konzentration des Verklebungsmittel ist dabei so zu wählen, daß größere Teilchenzusammenballungen vermieden werden, jedoch kleinere Teilchen an größeren Teilchen haften bleiben. Im Idealfall werden dabei Agglomerate erhalten, die jeweils aus einem größeren Emailpulverteilchen mit daran haftenden kleineren Farbkörperteilchen bestehen.The agglomerates are thus produced according to the invention by mixing the powders, which differ in particle size and density, with an agglomeration-promoting adhesive or are ground together. The concentration of the adhesive is to be chosen so that larger particle aggregations are avoided, but smaller particles adhere to larger particles. Ideally, agglomerates are obtained, each consisting of a larger enamel powder particle with smaller colored body particles adhering to it.
Für den elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag ist es wesentlich, daß die Zugabe des Agglomerationsmittels nicht gleichzeitig zu einer Verschlechterung der Pulvereigenschaften wie Erniedrigung des elektrischen Pulverwiderstands oder Verminderung der Fluidität des Pulvergemisches führt. Bei der Durchführung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es zweckmäßig, Emailfritte und Farbkörperpulver, z.B. nach der Deutschen Patentschrift 2 015 072 gemeinsam mit siliziumorganischen Verbindungen so zu vermahlen, daß sie einen für den elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag geeigneten elektrischen Widerstand aufweisen. Die agglomerationsfördernden Substanzen können dabei vor, während oder nach dem Mahlprozeß zugegeben werden. Im letzteren Fall wird das Gemisch zur besseren Verteilung und Bildung geeigneter Agglomerate kurze Zeit einer mahlenden Bewegung unterworfen.For electrostatic powder application, it is essential that the addition of the agglomerating agent does not simultaneously lead to a deterioration in the powder properties, such as a reduction in the electrical powder resistance or a reduction in the fluidity of the powder mixture. In practicing the present invention, it is convenient to use enamel frit and colored body powder, e.g. according to German Patent 2,015,072, to be ground together with organosilicon compounds in such a way that they have an electrical resistance suitable for electrostatic powder application. The agglomeration-promoting substances can be added before, during or after the grinding process. In the latter case, the mixture is subjected to a brief agitation for better distribution and formation of suitable agglomerates.
Erfindungsgemäß werden Emailfritte und Farbkörper in Mahlvorrichtungen, z.B. in Kugelmühlen, unter Zugabe von siliciumorganischen Verbindungen und Agglomerationsmittel auf die erforderliche Mahlfeinheit vermahlen.According to the invention, enamel frit and color bodies are used in grinding devices, e.g. in ball mills, with the addition of organosilicon compounds and agglomerating agents to the required fineness.
Die Si-organischen Verbindungen werden in Mengen von 0,1-1,0 Gew.-%-bezogen auf den Frittenanteil-vorzugsweise 0,2-0,4 Gew.-%, die Agglomerationsmittel in Mengen von etwa 0,1-0,5 Gew.-% zugegeben.The Si-organic compounds are in amounts of 0.1-1.0% by weight, based on the frit content, preferably 0.2-0.4% by weight, the agglomerating agents in amounts of about 0.1-0 , 5 wt .-% added.
Als Si-organische Verbindungen können eingesetzt werden: Organopolysiloxane, Organosilazane, Organosiloxanole. Bevorzugt sind Methyl-Wasserstoff-siloxane, Dimethylsiloxan, Hexamethyldisilazon, Methyl-vinyl-siloxan.The following can be used as organic Si compounds: organopolysiloxanes, organosilazanes, organosiloxanols. Methyl-hydrogen-siloxanes, dimethylsiloxane, hexamethyldisilazone and methyl-vinyl-siloxane are preferred.
Als Agglomerationsmittel eignen sich insbesondere Siebdrucköle, wie z.B. Pinienöl oder ungesättigte Fettsäuren wie z.B. Leinöl oder Ricinusöl. Des weiteren können Polyphenole, wie z.B. Tannin für den erfindungsgemäßen Zweck eingesetzt werden.Screen printing oils are particularly suitable as agglomeration agents, e.g. Pine oil or unsaturated fatty acids such as Linseed oil or castor oil. Furthermore, polyphenols, e.g. Tannin can be used for the purpose according to the invention.
Die Bildung der aus Fritteteilchen und Farbkörpern bestehenden Agglomerate läßt sich unschwer dadurch nachweisen, daß nach dem Absieben des gemahlenen Pulvers auf einem Sieb mit einer Maschenweite von 40 lim ein homogen gefärbter Rückstand verbleibt, der aus an sich farblosen Fritteteilchen besteht, an denen Farbkörper angelagert sind. Falls die erfindungsgemäße Agglomeratbildung nicht zustande kommt, werden durch den beschriebenen Siebtest Fritteteilchen von den feindispersen Farbkörperpartikel getrennt, es bleiben auf dem Sieb die groberen farblosen Fritteteilchen zurück.The formation of the agglomerates consisting of frit particles and colored bodies can easily be demonstrated by the fact that after sieving the ground powder on a sieve with a mesh size of 40 l , a homogeneously colored residue remains, which consists of colorless frit particles to which colored bodies are attached are. If the agglomerate formation according to the invention does not take place, frit particles are separated from the finely dispersed color body particles by the sieve test described, the coarser colorless frit particles remain on the sieve.
Die auf diese Weise erhaltenen Farbpulveragglomerate zeichnen sich durch hohen elektrischen Widerstand und gute Fluidität aus. Beim Versprühen des auf diese Weise hergestellten Pulvers auf metallische Substrate tritt keine Separation der Fritte- und Farbkörperteilchen auf. Emailtechnisch ist dies dadurch nachzuweisen, daß ein pulverelektrostatisch beschichtetes Stahlblech nach dem Einbrennen die gleiche Farbe (Farbort und Helligkeit) aufweist wie eine mit rekuperiertem Pulver auf gleiche Weise beschichtete Probe.The color powder agglomerates obtained in this way are characterized by high electrical resistance and good fluidity. When the powder produced in this way is sprayed onto metallic substrates, there is no separation of the frit and colored body particles. In terms of enamel technology, this can be demonstrated by the fact that a steel sheet coated with powder electrostatically has the same color (color location and brightness) after baking as a sample coated with recuperated powder in the same way.
Der Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung soll nun anhand der vorliegenden Beispiele noch näher erläutert werden (%-Angaben sind jeweils Gew.-%).The subject matter of the present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the present examples (percentages are in each case% by weight).
In eine 1 kg Porzellan-Kugelmühle wurden 950 g handelsübliche Transparentemailfritte in Schuppenform, 50 g Rutilfarbkörper, 3,5 kg Aluminiumoxid-Schwermahlkugeln mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 20-30 mm, 4 g Methyl-H-Siloxan einer Viskosität von 15 mPa.sec sowie 2 g Tannin eingefüllt. Danach wurde die Mühle verschlossen und das Mahlgut solange vermahlen, bis der Rückstand auf dem 40 um Sieb weniger als 20% betrug. Das so erhaltene Pulvergemisch hatte nach einer Lagerzeit von 24 h an der Luft bei Raumtemperatur von 23°C und einer relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit von 50% einen elektrischen Widerstand über 1012Ω.In a 1 kg porcelain ball mill, 950 g of commercially available transparent enamel frit in the form of a scale, 50 g of rutile colored bodies, 3.5 kg of aluminum oxide heavy grinding balls with an average diameter of 20-30 mm, 4 g of methyl-H-siloxane with a viscosity of 15 mPa.sec as well as 2 g of tannin. The mill was then closed and the ground material was ground until the residue on the 40 μm sieve was less than 20%. After a storage time of 24 hours in air at room temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative air humidity of 50%, the powder mixture obtained in this way had an electrical resistance above 10 12 Ω.
Das so erhaltene Pulvergemisch wurde mit einer handelsüberlichen Elektrostatikpistole unter Anlegen von 80 KV Spannung an die Koronaelektrode auf ein 10x10 cm, in üblicher Weise entfettetes und gebeiztes Stahlblech aufgesprüht. Nach dem Aufbringen von 4-5 g Pulver/dm2 wurde die pulverelektrostatisch beschichtete Probeplatte bei 820°C 3,5 min eingebrannt und anschließend farbmetrisch vermessen.The powder mixture obtained in this way was sprayed onto a 10 × 10 cm, degreased and pickled steel sheet in a customary manner using a commercially available electrostatic gun applying 80 KV voltage to the corona electrode. After the application of 4-5 g powder / dm 2 , the powder electrostatically coated sample plate was baked at 820 ° C. for 3.5 minutes and then measured by colorimetry.
Das nicht auf der Platte abgeschiedene Pulvergemisch wurde gesammelt und unter den gleichen Bedingungen auf ein zweites Stahlblech derselben Größe aufgesprüht und wiederum eingebrannt. Die farbmetrische Messung dieses rekuperierten Pulvers ergab keine Unterschiede zum ersten Auftrag. Dies zeigt eindeutig, daß sich durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren Agglomerate gebildet haben und keine farbverändernde Entmischung der Fritte und Farbkörperpartikel auftrat.The powder mixture not deposited on the plate was collected and sprayed onto a second steel sheet of the same size under the same conditions and baked again. The colorimetric measurement of this recuperated powder showed no differences from the first application. This clearly shows that agglomerates have formed by the process according to the invention and that there was no color-changing separation of the frit and color body particles.
Wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, wurde in dei gleiche Kugelmühle wiederum 950 g handelsübliche Transparentemailfritte, 50 g Rutilfarbkörper, 4 g Siloxan gemäß Beispiel 1 sowie 1 g Ricinusöl eingefüllt und solange vermahlen, bis das Kornverteilungsmaximum des Pulvergemisches unter 40 um lag und weniger als 20% Rückstand auf dem Sieb verblieb.As described in Example 1, 950 g of commercially available transparent enamel frit, 50 g of rutile colored bodies, 4 g of siloxane according to Example 1 and 1 g of castor oil were again introduced into the same ball mill and ground until the grain distribution maximum of the powder mixture was below 40 μm and less than 20% Residue remained on the sieve.
Der elektrische Widerstand des Pulvergemisches lag nach 24-stündigem Lagern bei Raumtemperatur und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit bei 8.10110. Das so erhaltene Fritte-Farbkörper-Pulvergemisch wurde wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben durch Aufsprühen und Einbrennen emailtechnisch geprüft. Die mit Frischpulver und rekuperiertem Pulver beschichteten Testplatten zeigten keine Farbunterschiede.After 24 hours of storage at room temperature and 50% relative atmospheric humidity, the electrical resistance of the powder mixture was 8.10 1 10. The frit-color body powder mixture obtained in this way was tested by email spraying and baking, as described in Example 1. The test plates coated with fresh powder and recuperated powder showed no color differences.
Die Bildung von einheitlichen Agglomeraten aus Farbkörper und Fritteteilchen läßt sich in einfacher Weise dadurch nachweisen, daß man das Pulvergemisch auf einem 40 pm Sieb absiebt. Der Seibrückstand ist gefärbt; unter dem Mikroskop sieht man Fritte/Farbkörper-Agglomerate. Ohne Ricinusölzugabe werden die feinen Farbkörper beim Absieben von dem transparenten Frittepulver getrennt, es verbleiben als Siebrückstand farblose Frittepartikel.The formation of uniform agglomerates from colored bodies and frit particles can be demonstrated in a simple manner by sieving the powder mixture on a 40 μm sieve. The screen residue is colored; frit / color body agglomerates can be seen under the microscope. Without adding castor oil, the fine color bodies are separated from the transparent frit powder when sieving, leaving colorless frit particles as sieve residue.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85112988T ATE54955T1 (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1985-10-14 | PROCESS FOR ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING OF INORGANIC POWDER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3439007 | 1984-10-25 | ||
| DE19843439007 DE3439007A1 (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1984-10-25 | METHOD FOR ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING INORGANIC POWDER |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0179379A2 EP0179379A2 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| EP0179379A3 EP0179379A3 (en) | 1988-05-04 |
| EP0179379B1 true EP0179379B1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
Family
ID=6248692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85112988A Expired - Lifetime EP0179379B1 (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1985-10-14 | Method for electrostatically spraying inorganic particles |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4659586A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0179379B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE54955T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3439007A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8605398A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3700702C1 (en) * | 1987-01-13 | 1988-02-11 | Bayer Ag | Enamel powder coated with organopolysiloxanes for electrostatic powder application and process for their production |
| IT1255048B (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Peter Thometzek | CERAMIC POWDERS FOR THEIR ELECTROSTATIC APPLICATION AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR PREPARATION |
| IT1254974B (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1995-10-11 | Bayer Italia Spa | COMPOSITE, SLIDING, HYDROPHOBIC GRANULATES, A PROCEDURE FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE |
| IT1256263B (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1995-11-29 | Bayer Italia Spa | GRANULATES OF SLIDING DYES, CHEMICALLY RESISTANT, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE |
| ES2073381T3 (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1998-06-16 | Ferro Italia Srl | PROCEDURE FOR THE OBTAINING OF STRUCTURED GRANULATES, HYDROPHOBES, FLUIDS AS WELL AS THEIR USE. |
| US6324298B1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-11-27 | August Technology Corp. | Automated wafer defect inspection system and a process of performing such inspection |
| FR2830857B1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2004-07-30 | Pechiney Aluminium | COATING PRECURSOR AND METHOD FOR COATING A SUBSTRATE WITH A REFRACTORY LAYER |
| AU2002358833B9 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2008-05-22 | Aluminum Pechiney | Coating precursor and method for coating a substrate with a refractory layer |
| US8030252B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2011-10-04 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | Polymer-based, surfactant-free, emulsions and methods of use thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3443973A (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1969-05-13 | Du Pont | Composite vitreous enamels and their preparation |
| US3400000A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1968-09-03 | Du Pont | Surface modified electrostatic enamel powders and method |
| US3928668A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-23 | Ferro Corp | Electrostatic deposition of dry ceramic powders |
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1984
- 1984-10-25 DE DE19843439007 patent/DE3439007A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-10-14 DE DE8585112988T patent/DE3578861D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-14 AT AT85112988T patent/ATE54955T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-10-14 EP EP85112988A patent/EP0179379B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-16 US US06/787,834 patent/US4659586A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-24 ES ES548178A patent/ES8605398A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0179379A2 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| US4659586A (en) | 1987-04-21 |
| EP0179379A3 (en) | 1988-05-04 |
| ATE54955T1 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| ES548178A0 (en) | 1986-03-16 |
| DE3439007A1 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| ES8605398A1 (en) | 1986-03-16 |
| DE3578861D1 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
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