EP0177423A1 - Cutting torch nozzle with an internal mixture - Google Patents

Cutting torch nozzle with an internal mixture Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0177423A1
EP0177423A1 EP85401917A EP85401917A EP0177423A1 EP 0177423 A1 EP0177423 A1 EP 0177423A1 EP 85401917 A EP85401917 A EP 85401917A EP 85401917 A EP85401917 A EP 85401917A EP 0177423 A1 EP0177423 A1 EP 0177423A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
core
torch nozzle
zone
cone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85401917A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0177423B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Bolot
Francis Cuny
Didier Lasnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to AT85401917T priority Critical patent/ATE37225T1/en
Publication of EP0177423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0177423A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0177423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0177423B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a torch nozzle with internal mixture, of the type comprising an outer annular casing and a core disposed in this casing, the casing and the core defining a series of channels each of which successively comprises, starting from the upstream, an injection zone adapted to be supplied with combustible gas and oxidizing gas, a mixing zone of small cross-section then a homogenization zone of clearly larger cross-section, the outer casing extending beyond the end of the core and forming at its downstream end a single outlet pipe for the mixture.
  • the main advantage of the second family torches lies in a very high safety of use: in case of reentry of flame, this generally only concerns one channel, and like the distance between the flame front and the injector is small, the volume of detonating mixture concerned is considerably lower than with a pre-mixing torch. In any case, even in the event of a general reentry of flame (which is improbable), the operator's hand, away from the nozzle by several tens of cm, risks absolutely nothing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a monodard nozzle which, for a moderate total length, ensures the ejection under excellent conditions of a well homogeneous mixture, for flow rates up to several m 3 / h .
  • the invention relates to a torch nozzle of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the channels open into an annular space delimited between the outer casing and the core and having a section approximately constant and equal to the total section of the channels, this annular space in turn opening into a single passage with decreasing section delimited by the outer envelope and the downstream end of which forms said single outlet pipe for the mixture.
  • the casing 1 has in its upstream part a thread 5 for connection to a torch head (not shown), then a hexagon 6 for tightening, then it has a convergent shape up to its downstream end.
  • the core 2 From a point located outside the envelope to the abscissa x 4 , the core 2 comprises a series of longitudinal grooves 12 regularly distributed over its periphery. It also comprises, from its upstream end face, a blind axial bore 13 and, from this, a series of conduits 14 each of which opens into a groove 12 at a certain distance x 1 from the plane of upstream end of envelope 1.
  • the grooves 12 then gradually disappear in the area 9, which constitutes a transition zone where the channels open into an annular space 16 delimited between the core and the envelope from x 3 to x 5 .
  • the parabolic profile of the core 2 is chosen so that the section of the annular space 16 remains substantially constant and equal to the value S defined above.
  • the wall part 3 of the envelope 1 alone delimits a single passage 17 with decreasing circular section; from x 6 to x 7 , the wall part 4 delimits a single duct 18 with a constant circular section which is connected to the passage 17.
  • the mixture crosses the passage 17, where it undergoes an acceleration until reaching, at the entry of the conduit 18, a speed sufficient to balance, at the exit of the nozzle, the speed of deflagration of the mixture.
  • the nose 10 of the core is modified so as to facilitate its realization: instead of having a rigorously parabolic profile, this nose consists of a trunk of upstream cone 19 followed by a downstream cone 20 more strongly convergent, which ends with the same rounded point 11 as above.
  • connection circle of the truncated cone 19 and the cone 20 is located on the abscissa x 8 , intermediate between x4 and x 5 , for which the gas passage section would be maximum if the nose 10 was a single cone 21 s' extending from x 4 to x 5 , as shown in phantom in Figure 3.
  • the Applicant has successfully tested an oxy-acetylene nozzle with internal mixture in accordance with the variant of FIG. 3, for acetylene flow rates up to 3 m 3 / h. For oxygen / acetylene consumption ratios close to stoichiometry, no sensitivity to "injector intake" was found.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)

Abstract

This nozzle includes an outer case (1) and a core (2) which define in succession: a series of passageways (15) having a zone for the injection of fuel gas and comburent gas, a mixing zone of small section and a primary homogenization zone of larger section; an annular secondary homogenization zone (16) whose section is substantially equal to the total section of the preceding zone; a single acceleration passage (17) having a decreasing section; and a single outlet conduit (18) having a constant section. Application in oxyacetylene torches consuming a few cubic meters per hour acetylene.

Description

La présente invention est relative à une buse de chalumeau à mélange interne, du type comprenant une enveloppe annulaire extérieure et un noyau disposé dans cette enveloppe, l'enveloppe et le noyau définissant une série de canaux dont chacun comporte successivement, à partir de l'amont, une zone d'injection adaptée pour être alimentée en gaz combustible et en gaz comburant, une zone de mélange de faible section puis une zone d'homogénéisation de section nettement plus forte, l'enveloppe extérieure se prolongeant au-delà de l'extrémité du noyau et formant à son extrémité aval un conduit unique de sortie du mélange.The present invention relates to a torch nozzle with internal mixture, of the type comprising an outer annular casing and a core disposed in this casing, the casing and the core defining a series of channels each of which successively comprises, starting from the upstream, an injection zone adapted to be supplied with combustible gas and oxidizing gas, a mixing zone of small cross-section then a homogenization zone of clearly larger cross-section, the outer casing extending beyond the end of the core and forming at its downstream end a single outlet pipe for the mixture.

On sait qu'il existe deux familles principales de chalumeaux : les chalumeaux à mélange global préalable et les chalumeaux à mélange dans la buse :

  • - dans les premiers, le mélange combustible-comburant est effectué très en amont de la buse, à plusieurs dizaines de centimètres de l'orifice de sortie, lequel délivre un dard unique. Ces chalumeaux offrent un avantage de simplicité de réalisation, notamment en ce qui concerne la buse, qui est une pièce vulnérable. Par contre, en cas de rentrée de flamme (initiée par exemple par une obstruction partielle de l'orifice de sortie de la buse), le front de flamme pénètre à l'intérieur du chalumeau et peut se stabiliser au niveau de l'injecteur. C'est le phénomène dit de "prise à l'injecteur", susceptible de détruire le chalumeau et, dans le cas d'un appareil manuel, de brûler la main de l'opérateur ;
  • - dans les seconds, l'injection, le mélange et l'homogénéisation du mélange sont regroupés à l'intérieur de la buse. Comme il est difficile de mélanger et d'homogénéiser des débits supérieurs à 500 1/h sur une longueur aussi faible que celle d'une buse (quelques dizaines de mn) , ce principe a conduit, pour atteindre plusieurs m3/h, à fractionner le débit total en le répartissant dans plusieurs canaux fraisés identiques régulièrement répartis autour de la buse.
We know that there are two main families of blowpipes: blowpipes with global pre-mixing and blowpipes mixing in the nozzle:
  • - In the first, the fuel-oxidizer mixture is carried out very upstream of the nozzle, several tens of centimeters from the outlet orifice, which delivers a single dart. These torches offer an advantage of simplicity of construction, in particular with regard to the nozzle, which is a vulnerable part. On the other hand, in the event of reentry of flame (initiated for example by a partial obstruction of the outlet orifice of the nozzle), the flame front penetrates inside the torch and can stabilize at the level of the injector. This is the so-called "injector" phenomenon, capable of destroying the torch and, in the case of a manual device, of burning the operator's hand;
  • - In the second, the injection, mixing and homogenization of the mixture are grouped inside the nozzle. As it is difficult to mix and homogenize flows greater than 500 1 / h over a length as short as that of a nozzle (a few tens of minutes), this principle has led, to reach several m 3 / h, to split the total flow by distributing it in several identical milled channels regularly distributed around the nozzle.

L'avantage essentiel des chalumeaux de la seconde famille réside dans une très grande sécurité d'emploi : en cas de rentrée de flamme, celle-ci n'intéresse généralement qu'un seul canal, et comme la distance entre le front de flamme et l'injecteur est faible, le volume concerné de mélange détonant est considérablement plus faible qu'avec un chalumeau à mélange préalable. De toute manière, même en cas de rentrée de flamme généralisée (ce qui est improbable), la main de l'opérateur, éloignée de la buse de plusieurs dizaines de cm, ne risque absolument rien.The main advantage of the second family torches lies in a very high safety of use: in case of reentry of flame, this generally only concerns one channel, and like the distance between the flame front and the injector is small, the volume of detonating mixture concerned is considerably lower than with a pre-mixing torch. In any case, even in the event of a general reentry of flame (which is improbable), the operator's hand, away from the nozzle by several tens of cm, risks absolutely nothing.

Dans la plupart des buses connues à mélange interne, le principe de division du débit a conduit à réaliser des canaux s'étendant jusqu'à l'extrémité avant de la buse, de sorte qu'il s'agit de buses multidards, ce qui exclut certaines applications, par exemple la chaude de retrait, qui nécessitent un chauffage ponctuel. Par ailleurs, le brevet US 1 940 343 propose une buse monodard à mélange interne, qui est du type indiqué plus haut. Cependant, cette buse présente certains inconvénients, notamment en ce qui concerne la conception de la zone d'homogénéisation et sa liaison avec le conduit de sortie du mélange.In most known nozzles with internal mixing, the principle of flow division has led to the production of channels extending to the front end of the nozzle, so that they are multidard nozzles, which excludes certain applications, for example the withdrawal heat, which require occasional heating. Furthermore, US Patent 1,940,343 proposes a monodard nozzle with internal mixing, which is of the type indicated above. However, this nozzle has certain disadvantages, in particular with regard to the design of the homogenization zone and its connection with the outlet pipe of the mixture.

L'invention a pour but de fournir une buse monodard qui, pour une longueur totale modérée, assure l'éjection dans d'excellentes conditions d'un mélange bien homogène, pour des débits pouvant atteindre plusieurs m 3 /h .The object of the invention is to provide a monodard nozzle which, for a moderate total length, ensures the ejection under excellent conditions of a well homogeneous mixture, for flow rates up to several m 3 / h .

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une buse de chalumeau du type précité, caractérisé en ce que les canaux débouchent dans un espace annulaire délimité entre l'enveloppe extérieure et le noyau et ayant une section à peu près constante et égale à la section totale des canaux, cet espace annulaire débouchant à son tour dans un passage unique à section décroissante délimité par l'enveloppe extérieure et dont l'extrémité aval forme ledit conduit unique de sortie du mélange.To this end, the invention relates to a torch nozzle of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the channels open into an annular space delimited between the outer casing and the core and having a section approximately constant and equal to the total section of the channels, this annular space in turn opening into a single passage with decreasing section delimited by the outer envelope and the downstream end of which forms said single outlet pipe for the mixture.

Un exemple de réalisation de l'invention va maintenant être décrit en regard du dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une buse de chalumeau conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est une demi-vue partielle en coupe longitudinale illustrant un détail de réalisation de cette buse ; et
  • - la figure 3 est une demi-vue partielle en coupe longitudinale illustrant une variante.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a torch nozzle according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a partial half-view in longitudinal section illustrating a detail of embodiment of this nozzle; and
  • - Figure 3 is a partial half-view in longitudinal section illustrating a variant.

La buse de chalumeau représentée à la figure 1 est constituée de deux éléments : une enveloppe extérieure 1 et un noyau ou "carotte" intérieur. Elle est pour l'essentiel de révolution autour d'un axe X-X ; pour la commodité de la déscription, on supposera que cet axe est horizontal et que les gaz circulent de l'extrémité droite (extrémité amont) à l'extrémité gauche (extrémité aval) de la buse ; on se référera dans la suite à des abscisses x comptées de droite à gauche le long de l'axe X-X, d'une origine (x = 0) correspondant au plan d'extrémité amant de l'enveloppe 1 à une valeur x = x7 correspondant à son plan d'extrémité aval.The torch nozzle shown in Figure 1 consists of two elements: an outer casing 1 and an inner core or "core". It is essentially of revolution around an axis XX; for the convenience of the description, it will be assumed that this axis is horizontal and that the gases circulate from the right end (upstream end) to the left end (downstream end) of the nozzle; we will refer in the following to abscissas x counted from right to left along the axis XX, of an origin (x = 0) corresponding to the lover end plane of the envelope 1 to a value x = x 7 corresponding to its downstream end plane.

La paroi intérieure de l'enveloppe 1 comporte deux parties : sur l'essentiel de sa longueur, de x = 0 à x6, une partie 3 tronconique convergente, puis une partie cylindrique 4 s'étendant de x6 à x7.The inner wall of the envelope 1 has two parts: over most of its length, from x = 0 to x 6 , a converging frustoconical part 3, then a cylindrical part 4 extending from x 6 to x 7 .

Extérieurement, l'enveloppe 1 comporte dans sa partie amont un filetage 5 de raccordement à une tête de chalumeau (non représentée), puis un six-pans 6 de serrage, puis elle présente une forme convergente jusqu'à son extrémité aval.Externally, the casing 1 has in its upstream part a thread 5 for connection to a torch head (not shown), then a hexagon 6 for tightening, then it has a convergent shape up to its downstream end.

Le noyau 2 a la forme générale d'une aiguille conique de même angle au sommet que la partie 3 de l'évidement de l'enveloppe, ce qui lui permet de se positionner et de se fixer dans cette dernière par simple coincement. Plus précisément, ce noyau comporte, d'amont en aval :

  • - une partie divergente 7, extérieure à l'enveloppe 1, adaptée pour s'appliquer de façon étanche contre une portée conjuguée de la tête de chalumeau ;
  • - jusqu'à l'abscisse x3, située à peu près à mi-longueur de la partie 3 de l'enveloppe, une partie tronconique 8 convergente conjuguée de cette partie 3 ;
  • - de x3 à x4' une courte zone tronconique 9 plus fortement convergente ; et
  • - de x4 à x5, un nez 10 d'allure parabolique qui se termine par une pointe arrondie 11, par exemple suivant un rayon de 0,3 mn, comne on le voit mieux à la figure 2.
The core 2 has the general shape of a conical needle with the same angle at the top as the part 3 of the recess of the envelope, which allows it to be positioned and to be fixed in the latter by simple wedging. More precisely, this core comprises, from upstream to downstream:
  • - A divergent part 7, external to the casing 1, adapted to be applied in leaktight manner against a combined surface of the torch head;
  • - Up to the abscissa x 3 , located approximately mid-length of part 3 of the envelope, a frustoconical convergent part 8 conjugate of this part 3;
  • - from x 3 to x 4 ' a short frustoconical zone 9 more strongly convergent; and
  • - From x 4 to x 5 , a parabolic-looking nose 10 which ends in a rounded point 11, for example along a radius of 0.3 min, as can be seen better in FIG. 2.

D'un point situé à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe jusqu'à l'abscisse x4, le noyau 2 comporte une série de rainures longitudinales 12 régulièrement réparties sur sa périphérie. Il comporte aussi, à partir de sa face d'extrémité amont, un perçage axial borgne 13 et, à partir de celui-ci, une série de conduits 14 dont chacun débouche dans une rainure 12 à une certaine distance x1 du plan d'extrémité amont de l'enveloppe 1.From a point located outside the envelope to the abscissa x 4 , the core 2 comprises a series of longitudinal grooves 12 regularly distributed over its periphery. It also comprises, from its upstream end face, a blind axial bore 13 and, from this, a series of conduits 14 each of which opens into a groove 12 at a certain distance x 1 from the plane of upstream end of envelope 1.

A partir de l'abscisse x 0, les rainures 12 délimitent avec la partie de paroi 3 de l'enveloppe autant de canaux 15 dont la section de passage, définie par la profondeur des rainures, varie : cette section, après avoir augmenté de x = 0 à x1 (injection du combustible), est faible de x1 à x2, puis nettement plus grande de x2 à x3. Les rainures 12 disparaissent ensuite progressivement dans la zone 9, qui constitue une zone de transition où les canaux débouchent dans un espace annulaire 16 délimité entre le noyau et l'enveloppe de x3 à x5.From the abscissa x 0, the grooves 12 delimit with the wall part 3 of the envelope as many channels 15 whose passage section, defined by the depth of the grooves, varies: this section, after having increased by x = 0 to x 1 (fuel injection), is small from x 1 to x 2 , then much larger from x 2 to x 3 . The grooves 12 then gradually disappear in the area 9, which constitutes a transition zone where the channels open into an annular space 16 delimited between the core and the envelope from x 3 to x 5 .

Si s désigne la section de chaque canal 15 à l'abscisse x3, n le nombre de canaux et S la section de l'espace annulaire 16 à l'abscisse x4, on a sensiblement S = n.s, à + 10 % près.If s denotes the section of each channel 15 to the abscissa x 3 , n the number of channels and S the section of the annular space 16 to the abscissa x 4 , we have substantially S = ns, to within + 10% .

De x4 à x5, le profil parabolique du noyau 2 est choisi de manière que la section de l'espace annulaire 16 reste sensiblement constante et égale à la valeur S définie ci-dessus.From x 4 to x 5 , the parabolic profile of the core 2 is chosen so that the section of the annular space 16 remains substantially constant and equal to the value S defined above.

De x5 à x6, la partie de paroi 3 de l'enveloppe 1 délimite à elle seule un passage unique 17 à section circulaire décroissante ; de x6 à x7, la partie de paroi 4 délimite un conduit unique 18 à section circulaire constante qui se raccorde au passage 17.From x 5 to x 6 , the wall part 3 of the envelope 1 alone delimits a single passage 17 with decreasing circular section; from x 6 to x 7 , the wall part 4 delimits a single duct 18 with a constant circular section which is connected to the passage 17.

En fonctionnement, la buse ainsi décrite est fixée sur la tête d'un chalumeau ; du gaz combustible, par exemple de l'acétylène, est envoyé dans le perçage 13 du noyau, et de l'oxygène est injecté dans l'extrémité amont des rainures 12. Il se produit alors dans chaque canal 15 les phénomènes suivants :

  • - sous l'effet de sa propre pression d'alimentation et de l'aspiration créée par l'oxygène, le gaz combustible pénètre dans le conduit 14 et se jette dans le canal 15 à l'abscisse x1 ;
  • - de x1 à x2, une vitesse élevée de la veine gazeuse (faible section de passage) favorise la création de turbulences propices à un brassage des filets d'oxygène et de gaz combustible. Cette zone est une zone de mélange des deux gaz ; et
  • - de x2 à x3, l'augmentation considérable de la section offerte au passage du gaz ralentit la vitesse du mélange afin de lui donner le temps de s'homogénéiser. Cette zone constitue une zone d'homogénéisation primaire du mélange.
In operation, the nozzle thus described is fixed to the head of a torch; combustible gas, for example acetylene, is sent into the bore 13 of the core, and oxygen is injected into the upstream end of the grooves 12. The following phenomena then occur in each channel 15:
  • - under the effect of its own supply pressure and the suction created by oxygen, the combustible gas enters the duct 14 and flows into the channel 15 at the abscissa x 1 ;
  • - From x 1 to x 2 , a high speed of the gas stream (small passage section) promotes the creation of turbulence conducive to mixing of the oxygen and fuel gas streams. This zone is a zone for mixing the two gases; and
  • - From x 2 to x 3 , the considerable increase in the cross-section offered to the passage of the gas slows down the speed of the mixture in order to give it time to homogenize. This zone constitutes a primary homogenization zone of the mixture.

Les veines gazeuses se rejoignent dans la zone de transition 9 puis s'écoulent dans l'espace annulaire 16. La section de cet espace étant constante, il s'y produit simplement une poursuite de l'homogénéisation, c'est-à-dire que l'espace 16 constitue une zone d'homogénéisation secondaire.The gas streams meet in the transition zone 9 and then flow into the annular space 16. The section of this space being constant, there is simply a continuation of the homogenization, that is to say that the space 16 constitutes a secondary homogenization zone.

Ensuite, le mélange traverse le passage 17, où il subit une accélération jusqu'à atteindre, à l'entrée du conduit 18, une vitesse suffisante pour équilibrer, à la sortie de la buse, la vitesse de déflagration du mélange.Then, the mixture crosses the passage 17, where it undergoes an acceleration until reaching, at the entry of the conduit 18, a speed sufficient to balance, at the exit of the nozzle, the speed of deflagration of the mixture.

Dans la variante de la figure 3, le nez 10 du noyau est modifié de façon à en faciliter la réalisation : au lieu d'avoir un profil rigoureusement parabolique, ce nez est constitué par un tronc de cône amont 19 suivi d'un cône aval 20 plus fortement convergent, lequel se termine par la même pointe arrondie 11 que précédemment.In the variant of FIG. 3, the nose 10 of the core is modified so as to facilitate its realization: instead of having a rigorously parabolic profile, this nose consists of a trunk of upstream cone 19 followed by a downstream cone 20 more strongly convergent, which ends with the same rounded point 11 as above.

Le cercle de raccordement du tronc de cône 19 et du cône 20 est situé à l'abscisse x8, intermédiaire entre x4 et x5, pour laquelle la section de passage du gaz serait maximale si le nez 10 était un cône unique 21 s'étendant de x4 à x5, comme représenté en trait mixte à la figure 3.The connection circle of the truncated cone 19 and the cone 20 is located on the abscissa x 8 , intermediate between x4 and x 5 , for which the gas passage section would be maximum if the nose 10 was a single cone 21 s' extending from x 4 to x 5 , as shown in phantom in Figure 3.

Avec une telle réalisation du nez 10, on constate que l'on a encore : S (x4) = S (x5) = S (x8) = n. s à + 10 % près, de sorte que le comportement du mélange dans l'espace 16 reste pratiquement le même qu'avec la configuration des figures 1 et 2.With such an embodiment of the nose 10, we see that we still have: S (x 4 ) = S (x 5 ) = S (x 8 ) = n. s to within + 10%, so that the behavior of the mixture in space 16 remains practically the same as with the configuration in FIGS. 1 and 2.

La demanderesse a testé avec succès une buse oxy-acétylénique à mélange interne conforme à la variante de la figure 3, pour des débits d'acétylène allant jusqu'à 3m3/h. Pour des rapports de consommation oxygène/acétylène voisins de la stoechiométrie, aucune sensibilité à la "prise à l'injecteur" n'a été constatée.The Applicant has successfully tested an oxy-acetylene nozzle with internal mixture in accordance with the variant of FIG. 3, for acetylene flow rates up to 3 m 3 / h. For oxygen / acetylene consumption ratios close to stoichiometry, no sensitivity to "injector intake" was found.

Claims (8)

1 - Buse de chalumeau à mélange interne, du type comprenant une enveloppe annulaire extérieure (1) et un noyau (2) disposé dans cette enveloppe, l'enveloppe et le noyau définissant une série de canaux (15) dont chacun comporte successivement, à partir de l'amont, une zone d'injection adaptée pour être alimentée en gaz combustible et en gaz carburant, une zone de mélange de faible section puis une zone d'homogénéisation de section nettement plus forte, l'enveloppe extérieure (1) se prolongeant au-delà de l'extrémité du noyau (2) et formant à son extrémité aval un conduit unique (18) de sortie du mélange, cette buse étant caractérisée en ce que les canaux (15) débouchent dans un espace annulaire (16) délimité entre l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et le noyau (2) et ayant une section (S) à peu près constante et égale à la section totale (n.s) des canaux (15), cet espace annulaire débouchant à son tour dans un passage unique (17,18) à section décroissante délimité par l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et dont l'extrémité aval forme ledit conduit unique (18) de sortie du mélange.1 - Torch nozzle with internal mixture, of the type comprising an outer annular casing (1) and a core (2) disposed in this casing, the casing and the core defining a series of channels (15) each of which successively comprises, from upstream, an injection zone adapted to be supplied with combustible gas and fuel gas, a mixing zone of small cross section then a homogenization zone of clearly larger cross section, the outer casing (1) is extending beyond the end of the core (2) and forming at its downstream end a single conduit (18) for outlet of the mixture, this nozzle being characterized in that the channels (15) open into an annular space (16) delimited between the outer casing (1) and the core (2) and having an approximately constant section (S) equal to the total section (ns) of the channels (15), this annular space in turn opening into a single passage (17,18) with decreasing section delimited by the outer envelope (1) and the downstream end of which forms said single conduit (18) for leaving the mixture. 2 - Buse de chalumeau suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, dans la région dudit espace annulaire (16), l'enveloppe extérieure (1) a un profil intérieur (3) tronconique et le noyau (2) a un profil (10) à peu près parabolique.2 - torch nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the region of said annular space (16), the outer casing (1) has an internal profile (3) frustoconical and the core (2) has a profile ( 10) roughly parabolic. 3 - Buse de chalumeau suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, dans la région dudit espace annulaire (16), l'enveloppe extérieure (1) a un profil intérieur (3) tronconique et le noyau (2) a un profil constitué d'un tronc de cône amont (19) suivi d'un cône aval (20) de plus grand angle au sommet.3 - torch nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the region of said annular space (16), the outer casing (1) has an internal profile (3) frustoconical and the core (2) has a profile formed an upstream truncated cone (19) followed by a downstream cone (20) of greater angle at the top. 4 - Buse de chalumeau suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le raccordement entre le tronc de cône (19) et le cône (20) se trouve à l'emplacement (x8) où la section de passage serait maximale si le tronc de cône et le cône étaient remplacés par un cône unique (21).4 - torch nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection between the truncated cone (19) and the cone (20) is at the location (x 8 ) where the passage section would be maximum if the trunk cone and the cone were replaced by a single cone (21). 5 - Buse de chalumeau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'entre l'extrémité (11) du noyau (2) et ledit conduit unique de sortie (18), ledit passage unique (17) présente une section circulaire.5 - torch nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the end (11) of the core (2) and said single outlet conduit (18), said single passage (17) has a circular section. 6 - Buse de chalumeau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit conduit unique de sortie (18) est cylindrique.6 - torch nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said single outlet duct (18) is cylindrical. 7 - Buse de chalumeau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe extérieure (1) à un profil intérieur (3) tronconique jusqu'audit conduit unique de sortie (1) .7 - torch nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outer casing (1) has an inner profile (3) frustoconical to said single outlet conduit (1). 8 - Buse de chalumeau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité (11) du noyau (2) forme une pointe arrondie.8 - torch nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the end (11) of the core (2) forms a rounded tip.
EP85401917A 1984-10-03 1985-10-02 Cutting torch nozzle with an internal mixture Expired EP0177423B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85401917T ATE37225T1 (en) 1984-10-03 1985-10-02 INTERNAL MIXING TORCH NOZZLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8415154 1984-10-03
FR8415154A FR2571124B1 (en) 1984-10-03 1984-10-03 INTERNAL MIXING TORCH NOZZLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0177423A1 true EP0177423A1 (en) 1986-04-09
EP0177423B1 EP0177423B1 (en) 1988-09-14

Family

ID=9308296

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401917A Expired EP0177423B1 (en) 1984-10-03 1985-10-02 Cutting torch nozzle with an internal mixture

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4653692A (en)
EP (1) EP0177423B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0617736B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE37225T1 (en)
AU (1) AU568229B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1261732A (en)
DE (1) DE3565003D1 (en)
ES (1) ES296015Y (en)
FR (1) FR2571124B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA857582B (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3005934B2 (en) * 1994-10-24 2000-02-07 豊田合成株式会社 Horn switch for steering wheel
CN1103427C (en) * 1998-11-12 2003-03-19 李天珠 Self-suction welding torch
US6783662B2 (en) 1999-03-18 2004-08-31 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Cavitation enhanced liquid atomization
US6199768B1 (en) * 1999-03-18 2001-03-13 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Process and apparatus for atomizing FCC feed oil
AU6795200A (en) 1999-08-26 2001-03-19 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Superheating atomizing steam with hot fcc feed oil
US6579085B1 (en) 2000-05-05 2003-06-17 The Boc Group, Inc. Burner and combustion method for the production of flame jet sheets in industrial furnaces
TW201116358A (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-16 Cheng-Fu Wu Welding device of electric welding machine
EP3911946A4 (en) * 2019-01-14 2022-10-19 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Versatile tube-free jet for gc detector

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR491070A (en) * 1918-07-29 1919-05-20 Alexander Frederick Jenkins Torch enhancements for combined cutting and welding
US1526923A (en) * 1920-03-18 1925-02-17 American Gasaccumulator Co Tip for welding blowpipes
US1940343A (en) * 1928-10-29 1933-12-19 Nat Welders Mfg And Supply Com Interchangeable torch
US2348839A (en) * 1941-01-28 1944-05-16 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Blowpipe
FR1541971A (en) * 1967-10-26 1968-10-11 British Oxygen Co Ltd Nozzle for fuel and oxygen burner
DE2211110A1 (en) * 1972-03-08 1973-09-20 Kjellberg Eberle Gmbh MULTI-PIECE CUTTING NOZZLE FOR GAS-FIRED TURNERS ON THERMAL CUTTING MACHINES AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A CUTTING NOZZLE

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2231199A (en) * 1937-12-20 1941-02-11 Smith Welding Equipment Corp Torch
US2468824A (en) * 1944-11-23 1949-05-03 Air Reduction Multipiece cutting tip
JPS58137240U (en) * 1982-03-13 1983-09-14 テイサン株式会社 Automatic ignition type gas cutting tip
JPS5942459U (en) * 1982-09-07 1984-03-19 テイサン株式会社 Spark ignition type crater

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR491070A (en) * 1918-07-29 1919-05-20 Alexander Frederick Jenkins Torch enhancements for combined cutting and welding
US1526923A (en) * 1920-03-18 1925-02-17 American Gasaccumulator Co Tip for welding blowpipes
US1940343A (en) * 1928-10-29 1933-12-19 Nat Welders Mfg And Supply Com Interchangeable torch
US2348839A (en) * 1941-01-28 1944-05-16 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Blowpipe
FR1541971A (en) * 1967-10-26 1968-10-11 British Oxygen Co Ltd Nozzle for fuel and oxygen burner
DE2211110A1 (en) * 1972-03-08 1973-09-20 Kjellberg Eberle Gmbh MULTI-PIECE CUTTING NOZZLE FOR GAS-FIRED TURNERS ON THERMAL CUTTING MACHINES AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A CUTTING NOZZLE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0177423B1 (en) 1988-09-14
FR2571124B1 (en) 1989-03-31
CA1261732A (en) 1989-09-26
DE3565003D1 (en) 1988-10-20
ES296015U (en) 1987-07-16
AU4816885A (en) 1986-04-10
AU568229B2 (en) 1987-12-17
FR2571124A1 (en) 1986-04-04
JPS6191413A (en) 1986-05-09
ATE37225T1 (en) 1988-09-15
US4653692A (en) 1987-03-31
ES296015Y (en) 1988-01-16
JPH0617736B2 (en) 1994-03-09
ZA857582B (en) 1986-05-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2207831C (en) Injection system with very high degree of homogenization
EP0182687B1 (en) Injection system with a variable geometry
EP1640662B1 (en) Effervescent injector for an aeromechanical air/fuel injection system integrated into a gas turbine combustor
CA2588952C (en) Turbojet engine combustion chamber
FR2634005A1 (en) PILOTAGE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY FOR A SUPERSONIC STATOREACTOR
EP1144915B1 (en) Burner-type apparatus and fuel combustion method
EP1806535A1 (en) Multimode injection system for a combustion chamber, particularly of a gas turbine
FR2931203A1 (en) FUEL INJECTOR FOR GAS TURBINE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
FR2971040A1 (en) AIR AND FUEL PRE-COMBINATION SYSTEM IN A FUEL TUBE
FR2716526A1 (en) Gas turbine combustion system and combustion control method.
CA2561225A1 (en) Anti-coking injection arm
EP0177423B1 (en) Cutting torch nozzle with an internal mixture
CA2033366C (en) Industrial oil burner with low nitrogen oxides emission generating multiple elementary flames and use thereof
EP0069637A2 (en) Method and device for pulverizing a solid fuel
BE897057A (en) OXYCUTTER TORCH
CA2511875A1 (en) Afterburner with secure lighting
FR2943119A1 (en) FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS IN A TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
FR2594212A1 (en) BURNER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE / AIR MIXTURE, COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF FINS THAT EXTEND IN THE DIRECTION OF THE MIXING FLOW SPINDLE
WO2017129908A1 (en) Injection element having an ignition device
EP0683886B1 (en) Snow gun
CH617998A5 (en)
WO2009138653A2 (en) Burner with peripheral injection points for an axial air flow
EP0368829B1 (en) Solid-fuel burner
FR2972225A1 (en) INJECTOR FOR INJECTION HEAD OF A COMBUSTION CHAMBER
FR3066553A1 (en) CENTRAL INJECTOR WITH RADIAL TOURBILLONNEURS

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19851005

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19870114

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 37225

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19880915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3565003

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19881020

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 85401917.1

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19980914

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19980915

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19980923

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19980925

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19981016

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19981124

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991002

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19991030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991031

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991031

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: L' AIR LIQUIDE S.A. POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION

Effective date: 19991031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85401917.1

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20000501

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20010910

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010914

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010924

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030501

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20021002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST