EP0171624B1 - Exhaust pipe for motor vehicle engines - Google Patents

Exhaust pipe for motor vehicle engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0171624B1
EP0171624B1 EP85108816A EP85108816A EP0171624B1 EP 0171624 B1 EP0171624 B1 EP 0171624B1 EP 85108816 A EP85108816 A EP 85108816A EP 85108816 A EP85108816 A EP 85108816A EP 0171624 B1 EP0171624 B1 EP 0171624B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
ducting
duct
line
metal jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85108816A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0171624A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dpl.-Ing. Winter
Wilfried Dr. Ing. Winzen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Witzenmann GmbH
Original Assignee
Witzenmann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Witzenmann GmbH filed Critical Witzenmann GmbH
Publication of EP0171624A1 publication Critical patent/EP0171624A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0171624B1 publication Critical patent/EP0171624B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/06—Porous ceramics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust pipe intended for motor vehicle engines, in particular an exhaust manifold with a plurality of connection supports leading to the outlet openings of the cylinder head, in which the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating line made of sintered ceramic material onto which a metal jacket having the flanges for line attachment to the cylinder head or a further line is infused.
  • Such an exhaust pipe is known from DE-C-2 549 256.
  • the line made of ceramic material forms a core onto which an outer metal jacket is cast directly.
  • Such a line has the advantage that the exhaust gases flowing through it can be kept in terms of their temperature level at a level which offers a favorable prerequisite for afterburning of the exhaust gas components which are not completely burned in the cylinder.
  • Even if the core made of ceramic material ensures that the metal jacket is largely protected from strong heating, there are different thermal expansions of the ceramic material on the one hand and the metal jacket on the other hand, which lead to a loosening of the bond given by the pouring of the metal jacket and also Induce tension between the ceramic core and the metal jacket, which can lead to cracks or bridges in the ceramic material, which is sensitive to tension.
  • the described phenomena occur in particular when the components have a larger dimension, as is the case with components of an exhaust pipe for motor vehicle engines.
  • Such components are the exhaust manifolds attached to the cylinder head, manifolds merging several exhaust manifolds, and from there to a muffler or an exhaust gas catalytic converter.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings described above, that is, to provide a way of using the sintered ceramic material as a guide for the exhaust gas, without this resulting in impairments or premature wear or unusability of the exhaust pipe.
  • the solution to this problem should be made possible with simple means in a reliable manner.
  • the line has an interruption in at least one section, that the metal jacket is poured onto the line leaving the section free and that the interruption is bridged by a flexible intermediate piece made of metal connecting the line sections or adjacent metal jacket sections.
  • the problem solution according to the invention results in a firm bond between the metal jacket and the ceramic line, although the disadvantages described at the outset cannot occur. Because now metal jacket parts are cast on only in the area of the connecting piece, that is, solid connections between the metal jacket and the ceramic line are formed only in a spatially very limited area, so that different temperature-related expansion differences cannot have a disadvantageous effect in these limited areas.
  • the aforementioned flexible intermediate pieces it can be provided that it is connected in a gastight manner to the adjacent ends of the ceramic line by brazing or by positive locking. This results in a brief interruption in the ceramic gas flow, which is insignificant in terms of temperature radiation and heat loss within the gas.
  • the ends of the intermediate piece can also be molded into the line ends. This possibility arises as long as the ceramic material can still be shaped, the connection with the firing of the ceramic material then becoming permanent.
  • the ends of the intermediate piece can also be molded onto outer, annular beads of the line ends and fixed there gas-tight by means of external clamping means.
  • These clamping means can be clamps with which the intermediate piece is fastened to the ends of the ceramic line in a manner known per se.
  • the intermediate piece is connected in a gas-tight manner to the section adjacent ends of the metal sheath encompassing the line by welding, soldering, positive locking or in a similar manner, in which case the ends of the ceramic line are spaced a short distance in the region of the intermediate piece can, so that the relative movement of the line parts can compensate for tension, on the other hand, the gas tightness results from the metal jacket and the intermediate piece used there, which in turn compensates for thermal expansion-related stresses.
  • the intermediate piece In order to additionally protect the intermediate piece, it can be covered radially on the inside by a protective tube made of ceramic or temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal, wherein the protective tube can be fixed on the intermediate piece or can be held in the axial and radial directions by recesses in the adjacent line ends.
  • a protective tube made of ceramic or temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal, wherein the protective tube can be fixed on the intermediate piece or can be held in the axial and radial directions by recesses in the adjacent line ends.
  • material for the intermediate piece which can be subject to reduced requirements with regard to temperature and corrosion resistance.
  • the heat transfer through the corrugated pipe is reduced to the outside puts.
  • Another solution principle is based on an exhaust pipe intended for motor vehicle engines, in particular an exhaust manifold with a plurality of connecting stubs leading to the connection openings of the cylinder head, in which the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating pipe made of sintered ceramic material, the pipe being fixed together by a metal jacket while leaving a mutual space connected steel sheet shells and an elastically compressed intermediate layer is arranged at least in places between the line and the metal jacket.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in that the intermediate layer consists of metallic mesh, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like that in the area of the connecting piece between the line end and connection point, a bellows made of temperature and corrosion-resistant metal, on the one hand, with the line by brazing or positive locking and, on the other hand, is arranged in a gas-tight manner with the connection point, and that the metal jacket carries the flanges for line attachment to the cylinder head or a further line or has it connected in one piece.
  • the line made of ceramic material can be formed without interruption, that is to say in one piece, since its relative movements relative to the metal sheath due to thermal expansion are possible due to the intermediate storage of mesh, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like, which holds the ceramic line firmly within the metal sheath and wears without mutual tension in the two parts.
  • the metal sheathing can be easily applied to a finished ceramic part even in the case of extremely complicated shapes, since the sheathing consists of shells which are only firmly connected to one another after being placed on the intermediate layer. The attachment of the unit formed in this way to a cylinder head or a further line then takes place via the flanges of the metal jacket, so that the tension entered does not affect the ceramic inner part and can lead to impairments or destruction there.
  • the bellows Due to the arrangement of the bellows according to the invention there is no possibility for the gas at the connection point to come out to the metal casing, so a gas-tight connection for the ceramic line is created without the use of a bellows resulting in the build-up of voltages can come.
  • the metal jacket In order to protect the temperature of a soldered connection between the bellows and the ceramic line, it may be appropriate for the metal jacket to be provided with openings next to the bellows through which ventilation can take place from the outside.
  • connection connections with the outlet openings of the cylinder head can have a flame tube which covers the inside of the bellows and which also serves to protect the bellows from local, excessive temperature stress.
  • the metal sheath in the form of a bellows in addition to the flanges for fastening the line.
  • tensions between the cylinder head or the further line on the one hand and the metal jacket on the other hand can be reduced in order to prevent impairment, especially with regard to disassembly and reattachment, because during operation the metal sheath could warp, so that after disassembly the reattaching holes the flanges are no longer exactly aligned with the attachment points.
  • the bellows-shaped area of the metal jacket is covered inwards by the line made of ceramic material
  • the bellows-shaped area of the metal jacket at the connection connections with the outlet openings of the Cylinder head is covered on the inside by a flame tube with thermal insulation.
  • a flame tube protects the bellows-shaped area from direct gas access and also provides temperature decoupling due to its additional thermal insulation.
  • V-engine 1 with exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, which are connected to a further line 5, the exhaust manifold 2 being followed by a cross pipe 4.
  • the further line 5 is suspended from the vehicle at 6 and a muffler 7 is connected.
  • Fig. 4 shows a partial section of an exhaust manifold in a sectional view and in a bottom view.
  • 10 means the engine block with outlet openings 11, 12, in front of which the exhaust manifold, designated overall by 13, is screwed.
  • the exhaust manifold consists of line sections 14, 15 made of ceramic material, onto which a metal jacket 16, 17 is poured in the area of the connecting piece.
  • the metal jacket 16, 17 firmly encloses the line elements 14, 15.
  • the connection piece is fastened via flanges 18, 19 of the metal shells 16, 17, through the bores 20 of which the exhaust manifold 13 is screwed to the engine block 10.
  • a sealing ring 21, 22 is interposed there for sealing.
  • the ceramic line elements 14, 15 extend in the area of the connecting piece up to close to the engine block 10 or the sealing ring 21, 22nd
  • the exhaust pipe which is formed from ceramic material, is flexibly formed on a section 23 in that the pipe elements 14, 15 there are at a distance from one another, which is bridged by a thin-walled corrugated pipe 24 made of temperature and corrosion-resistant metal.
  • the corrugated tube is terminally connected to the free ends of the line elements 14 and 15 by brazing.
  • 5 to 13 show variants or embodiments for the formation of the flexible section 23 according to FIG. 4.
  • a corrugated tube 27 is inserted between the ends 25 and 26 of the line made of ceramic material and is connected to the line end 26 by brazing.
  • a protective tube 28 with a radially outwardly projecting collar 29 is fastened by brazing.
  • the protective tube covers the corrugated tube 27 on the side facing the exhaust gas and the left end of the corrugated tube 27 is fixed gas-tight at 30 on the outside of the protective tube 28.
  • a protective tube consisting of two parts 33 and 34 with outwardly directed rims 35 and 36 is fixed by brazing.
  • the two protective tube parts overlap in the axial direction so that the radially inner protective tube part is arranged upstream.
  • the corrugated tube 37 is fixed gas-tight at 38 and 39.
  • This protective tube design forms a kind of labyrinth seal for the exhaust gas in relation to the corrugated tube 37, so that the corrugated tube is decoupled from the exhaust gas stream in terms of temperature and gas, thus reducing the heat radiation and the corrugated tube being less stressed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a connection as already shown in FIG. 4.
  • a corrugated tube 42 is fixed with its ends by brazing.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment comparable to FIG. 7.
  • the line ends 43 and 44 have radially inside, i.e. H. on the exhaust gas side, a circumferential recess 45 or 46, in which a protective tube 47 is seated, which covers the corrugated tube 48 radially on the inside.
  • the protective tube 47 is provided with spherical rounded portions 49, 50 at its ends.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the line ends 51, 52 overlap in the axial direction while leaving axial and radial play with axial extensions 53, 54, the upstream extension 53 being arranged radially on the inside.
  • the heat radiation is further reduced by the design shown in FIG. 9.
  • a corrugated pipe 55 is attached on the outside of the pipe ends 51 and 52 on both sides of their abutment gas-tight by brazing.
  • Fig. 10 differs from the example of FIG. 9 in that the line ends 56, 57 each have a circumferential bead 58, 59 on the outside, onto which the ends of the corrugated tube 60 are molded and held there by clamps 61, 62.
  • the line ends 62, 63 can be seen together with the metal sheath 64, 65 surrounding them.
  • a joint is formed according to FIGS. 9 and 10, which is no longer explained in more detail becomes.
  • the corrugated tube 66 is connected gas-tight to the ends of the metal sheath 64, 65, for example by soldering or welding, so that the line ends 62, 63 are completely freed from the sealing function by fastening the corrugated tube.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of how a corrugated tube 67 can be positively connected to the end 68 of the ceramic line by molding.
  • the end of the corrugated tube 67 is molded into the material during the formation of the line end 68, so that a permanent connection results after the line has burned, the strength of which can be increased by folding over the end of the corrugated tube 67.
  • FIG. 13 finally shows a junction of adjoining lines 69, 70, as has already been described with reference to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.
  • a corrugated tube 71 is formed with its ends from the outside in the pipe material before firing, so that a permanent, gas-tight connection results after the firing.
  • the connecting flanges designated in FIG. 4 with 18 and 19 are also molded onto the line parts 14 and 15, so that the line parts made of ceramic material can be fastened directly to the engine block 10 by screws. Since the line parts are flexibly connected to each other, the resulting tensions cannot lead to impairments. In order to give the line parts increased strength, it is expedient if they are formed at least in the area of the flanges from ceramic material provided with additional reinforcements.
  • Such a practically purely ceramic design is not only simple and inexpensive. It can also be used in the encapsulated drive units increasingly used today without the risk of damage from the outside.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example of an exhaust manifold designated 80 in total.
  • This has a one-piece line 81 made of ceramic material on the inside, which goes with nozzles to the outlet openings 82, 83 of an engine block 84.
  • the line 81 is surrounded by an intermediate layer 85 made of a knitted fabric, braid, knitted fabric or the like made of metal.
  • a metal sheath 86 composed of two half-shells, the collars 87 of which come to lie on one another and are connected to one another by spot welding 88 or the like, is placed on the intermediate layer by compressing them.
  • the line 81 is firmly inserted into the metal jacket 86 via the intermediate layer 85, but there is sufficient mutual mobility on the other side between the line 81 and the metal jacket 86, since the parts are only non-positively connected to one another via the intermediate layer 85 and this connection is made the intermediate layer 85 is a shock-free storage.
  • the left-hand connection connection for the exhaust gas manifold with reference to FIG. 14 is shown enlarged in FIG. 15 and explained on the basis thereof, but the collars 87 with the weld connection 88 are omitted.
  • the reference numerals correspond to those of FIG. 14 insofar as they recur.
  • the metal jacket 86 is flanged to the outside at the connection end, so that it can be attached by a loose flange 89 to the cylinder block, not shown.
  • a bellows 90 with a flange projects into this fastening connection and is connected at its other end at 91 to the line 81 by brazing. In this way, the line 81 is connected gas-tight to the cylinder block. So that the soldered connection 91 does not experience overheating, the metal jacket in the area of the soldered connection is provided with openings 92 for external ventilation.
  • a flame tube 93 with a terminal outer collar 94 is also attached to the connection, which covers the bellows 90 inside and thus prevents direct access of the exhaust gas to the bellows 90.
  • Fig. 16 shows a variant of the right connection in Fig. 14.
  • the line 95 made of ceramic material in the metallic sheath 96 is mounted on rings 97 made of braid, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or the like, which are arranged at a distance from one another, so that each other Can compensate for thermal expansion between line 95 and sheath 96 via the rings 97.
  • the metal jacket 96 is guided to the connection points via a bellows-shaped formation 98, the attachment to the engine block, not shown, being carried out again via a loose flange 99.
  • a flame tube 100 with an outwardly directed collar 101 is included in the connection, which covers the bellows 98 on the inside.
  • the flame tube is provided with external thermal insulation.
  • FIG. 17 shows a variant, for example according to FIG. 16.
  • the rings 103 made of metallic knitted fabric, knitted fabric, braid or the like, which hold the line 102, are held in place by circumferential beads 104 of the metal sheath 105.
  • a corner ring 107 made of metallic braiding, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or the like is used for the opening edge of the line 102 in order to softly support this edge with respect to the metal jacket without there being a passage for the gas .
  • the flame tube 109 arranged inside the bellows 108, with its heat-insulating jacket 110 again corresponds to that described with reference to FIG. 16.
  • 14 to 17 was from a Line made of ceramic material, which sits within the metal casing as a one-piece structure. In the case of larger exhaust manifolds, it may be expedient to also design the line made of ceramic material in several parts or to divide it flexibly at least once between the connection points on the engine block. 18 shows such a possibility.
  • a line 111 made of ceramic material is in turn supported in a metal jacket 113 via an intermediate layer 112 made of metallic braiding, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like.
  • the line 117 has an interruption, which is bridged by a corrugated tube 114, which in turn, as described earlier, is fixed by brazing at the adjacent ends of the line 111.
  • the corrugated tube 114 is covered on the inside by a protective tube 115 which, on both sides, projects beyond the ends of the corrugated tube 114 on the inside of the line 111. So that the mutual friction is reduced there, the ends of the protective tube 115 are in turn rounded at 116.
  • the protective tube 115 is fixed to the corrugated tube 114 at 117. This description corresponds to the representation in the upper half of FIG. 18.
  • the ends of the line 118 directed towards one another form a recess 119 in which the protective tube 120 is seated with its ends.
  • This is in itself sufficient for the axial mounting of the protective tube 120, although an additional fastening is provided at 121 on the corrugated tube 122 in the manner shown. Because the protective tube 120 is inserted into recesses 119, a particularly streamlined arrangement is made.
  • the corrugated pipes 114, 122 are connected to the ends of the lines 111 and 118 again by brazing.
  • the metal jacket 113 can be provided in the area of the corrugated tube with openings 123, 124, through which ventilation is possible from the outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren bestimmte Abgasleitung, insbesondere Abgassammelleitung mit mehreren zu den Auslaßöffnungen des Zylinderkopfes führenden Anschlußstützen, bei der das Abgas eine wärmeisolierende Leitung aus gesintertem keramischem Material durchströmt, auf die ein die Flansche zur Leitungsbefestigung am Zylinderkopf bzw. einer weiterführenden Leitung aufweisender Metallmantel aufgegossen ist.The invention relates to an exhaust pipe intended for motor vehicle engines, in particular an exhaust manifold with a plurality of connection supports leading to the outlet openings of the cylinder head, in which the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating line made of sintered ceramic material onto which a metal jacket having the flanges for line attachment to the cylinder head or a further line is infused.

Eine derartige Abgasleitung ist durch die DE-C-2 549 256 bekannt. Bei ihr bildet die Leitung aus keramischem Material einen Kern, auf den ein äußerer Metallmantel direkt aufgegossen ist. Eine solche Leitung bietet den Vorzug, daß die durch sie strömenden Abgase hinsichtlich ihres Temperaturniveaus auf einer solchen Höhe gehalten werden können, die für eine Nachverbrennung der im Zylinder nicht vollständig verbrannten Abgasbestandteile günstige Voraussetzung bietet. Wenn auch der Kern aus keramischem Material dafür sorgt, daß der Metallmantel weitestgehend von einer starken Erhitzung bewahrt bleibt, ergeben sich doch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen des keramischen Materials einerseits und des Metallmantels andererseits, die zu einem Lösen des durch das Aufgiesen des Metallmantels gegebenen Verbundes führen und außerdem Spannungen zwischen Keramikkern und Metallmantel induzieren, die bei dem gegen Spannungen empfindlichen Keramikmaterial zu Rissen bzw. Brücken führen können. Die geschilderten Erscheinungen treten insbesondere dann auf, wenn die Bauteile eine größere Abmessung haben, wie dies bei Bauteilen einer Abgasleitung für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren der Fall ist. Solche Bauteile sind die am Zylinderkopf befestigten Abgassammelleitungen, mehrere Abgassammelleitungen zusammenführende Krümmer sowie von dort aus zu einem Auspufftopf oder einem Abgaskatalysator weiterführende Leitung.Such an exhaust pipe is known from DE-C-2 549 256. With it, the line made of ceramic material forms a core onto which an outer metal jacket is cast directly. Such a line has the advantage that the exhaust gases flowing through it can be kept in terms of their temperature level at a level which offers a favorable prerequisite for afterburning of the exhaust gas components which are not completely burned in the cylinder. Even if the core made of ceramic material ensures that the metal jacket is largely protected from strong heating, there are different thermal expansions of the ceramic material on the one hand and the metal jacket on the other hand, which lead to a loosening of the bond given by the pouring of the metal jacket and also Induce tension between the ceramic core and the metal jacket, which can lead to cracks or bridges in the ceramic material, which is sensitive to tension. The described phenomena occur in particular when the components have a larger dimension, as is the case with components of an exhaust pipe for motor vehicle engines. Such components are the exhaust manifolds attached to the cylinder head, manifolds merging several exhaust manifolds, and from there to a muffler or an exhaust gas catalytic converter.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die vorstehend beschriebenen Mängel zu beseitigen, also eine Möglichkeit anzugeben, wie bei der Verwendung von gesintertem keramischem Material als Führung für das Abgas geblieben werden kann, ohne daß sich dadurch Beeinträchtigungen oder vorzeitiger Verschleiß bzw. Unbrauchbarkeit der Abgasleitung ergeben. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe soll mit einfachen Mitteln auf betriebssichere Weise ermöglicht werden.The object of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings described above, that is, to provide a way of using the sintered ceramic material as a guide for the exhaust gas, without this resulting in impairments or premature wear or unusability of the exhaust pipe. The solution to this problem should be made possible with simple means in a reliable manner.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Leitung an wenigstens einem Abschnitt eine Unterbrechung aufweist, daß der Metallmantel auf die Leitung unter Freilassung des Abschnittes aufgegossen ist und daß die Unterbrechung durch ein die Leitungsabschnitte oder angrenzenden Metallmantelabschnitte verbindendes flexibles Zwischenstück aus Metall überbrückt ist.This object is achieved in that the line has an interruption in at least one section, that the metal jacket is poured onto the line leaving the section free and that the interruption is bridged by a flexible intermediate piece made of metal connecting the line sections or adjacent metal jacket sections.

Bezüglich dieser Lösung ist zum Stand der Technik hinzuweisen auf die FR-A-2 284 081.Regarding this solution, reference should be made to FR-A-2 284 081 in relation to the prior art.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabenlösung ergibt sich ein fester Verbund zwischen Metallmantel und keramischer Leitung, wobei jedoch die eingangs beschriebenen Nachteile nicht auftreten können. Denn nunmehr sind nur im Bereich der Anschlußstutzen Metallmantelteile aufgegossen, also nur in einem räumlich sehr begrenzten Bereich feste Verbindungen zwischen Metallmantel und keramischer Leitung gebildet, so daß sich in diesen begrenzten Bereichen unterschiedliche temperaturbedingte Dehnungsunterschiede nicht nachteilig auswirken können.The problem solution according to the invention results in a firm bond between the metal jacket and the ceramic line, although the disadvantages described at the outset cannot occur. Because now metal jacket parts are cast on only in the area of the connecting piece, that is, solid connections between the metal jacket and the ceramic line are formed only in a spatially very limited area, so that different temperature-related expansion differences cannot have a disadvantageous effect in these limited areas.

Im Hinblick auf die genannten flexiblen Zwischenstücke kann vorgesehen sein, daß diese mit den benachbarten Enden der keramischen Leitung durch Hartlötung oder durch Formschluß gasdicht verbunden ist. Hier ergibt sich also eine kurze Unterbrechung der keramischen Gasführung, die jedoch hinsichtlich Temperaturabstrahlung und Wärmeverlust innerhalb des Gases unbedeutend ist.With regard to the aforementioned flexible intermediate pieces, it can be provided that it is connected in a gastight manner to the adjacent ends of the ceramic line by brazing or by positive locking. This results in a brief interruption in the ceramic gas flow, which is insignificant in terms of temperature radiation and heat loss within the gas.

Das Zwischenstück kann jedoch auch mit seinen Enden in die Leitungsenden eingeformt sein. Diese Möglichkeit ergibt sich so lange, wie das keramische Material noch formbar ist, wobei dann die Verbindung mit dem Brennen des keramischen Materials dauerhaft wird.However, the ends of the intermediate piece can also be molded into the line ends. This possibility arises as long as the ceramic material can still be shaped, the connection with the firing of the ceramic material then becoming permanent.

Das Zwischenstück kann jedoch auch mit seinen Enden auf äußere, ringförmige Wulste der Leitungsenden aufgeformt und dort durch außen umfassende Spannmittel gasdicht festgelegt sein. Diese Spannmittel können Spannschellen sein, mit denen das Zwischenstück in an sich bekannter Weise auf den Enden der keramischen Leitung befestigt wird.However, the ends of the intermediate piece can also be molded onto outer, annular beads of the line ends and fixed there gas-tight by means of external clamping means. These clamping means can be clamps with which the intermediate piece is fastened to the ends of the ceramic line in a manner known per se.

Eine andere Möglichkeit kann darin bestehen, daß das Zwischenstück mit dem Abschnitt benachbarten, die Leitung umfangenden Enden des Metallmantels gasdicht durch Schweißen, Löten, Formschluß oder auf ähnliche Weise verbunden ist, wobei dann die Enden der keramischen Leitung im Bereich des Zwischenstückes einen geringen Abstand aufweisen können, damit sich durch Relativbewegung der Leitungsteile Spannungen ausgleichen können, wobei sich auf der anderen Seite die Gasdichtheit durch die Metallummantelung und das dort eingesetzte Zwischenstück ergibt, das wiederum wärmedehnungsbedingte Spannungen ausgleicht.Another possibility can be that the intermediate piece is connected in a gas-tight manner to the section adjacent ends of the metal sheath encompassing the line by welding, soldering, positive locking or in a similar manner, in which case the ends of the ceramic line are spaced a short distance in the region of the intermediate piece can, so that the relative movement of the line parts can compensate for tension, on the other hand, the gas tightness results from the metal jacket and the intermediate piece used there, which in turn compensates for thermal expansion-related stresses.

Um das Zwischenstück zusätzlich zu schützen, kann es radial innen durch ein Schutzrohr aus Keramik oder temperatur- und korrosionsbeständigem Metall abgedeckt sein, wobei das Schutzrohr am Zwischenstück festgelegt sein kann oder durch Ausnehmungen der benachbarten Leitungsenden in Axial- und Radialrichtung gehalten sein kann. In diesem Falle besteht die Möglichkeit, für das Zwischenstück Material zu verwenden, an das hinsichtlich Temperatur- und Korrosionsbeständigkeit herabgesetzte Anforderungen gestellt werden können. Außerdem wird die Wärmeübertragung über das Wellrohr nach außen herabgesetzt.In order to additionally protect the intermediate piece, it can be covered radially on the inside by a protective tube made of ceramic or temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal, wherein the protective tube can be fixed on the intermediate piece or can be held in the axial and radial directions by recesses in the adjacent line ends. In this case, it is possible to use material for the intermediate piece, which can be subject to reduced requirements with regard to temperature and corrosion resistance. In addition, the heat transfer through the corrugated pipe is reduced to the outside puts.

Im Sinne des Letztgesagten ist es ferner zweckmäßig, daß die am Abschnitt angrenzenden Enden der Leitung aus keramischem Material sich in Axialrichtung unter Belassung eines axialen und radialen Spiels mit axialen Fortsätzen übergreifen. Dadurch ist eine Art Labyrinthdichtung hinsichtlich des Wärmeübergangs und auch hinsichtlich des Abgaszutrittes geschaffen, die ein radial außerhalb dieser Stoßstelle angeordnetes Wellrohr schützen. In strömungstechnischer Hinsicht ist es dabei zweckmäßig, daß der Fortsatz des bezüglich der Gasströmung stromaufwärts gelegenen Leitungsendes radial innerhalb des anderen Fortsatzes des Abschnittes angeordnet ist.In the sense of the latter, it is also expedient that the ends of the line of ceramic material adjoining the section overlap in the axial direction while leaving axial and radial play with axial extensions. This creates a kind of labyrinth seal with regard to the heat transfer and also with regard to the exhaust gas inlet, which protect a corrugated tube arranged radially outside of this joint. From a fluidic point of view, it is expedient for the extension of the line end located upstream with respect to the gas flow to be arranged radially within the other extension of the section.

Ein anderes Lösungsprinzip geht aus von einer für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren bestimmten Abgasleitung, insbesondere Abgassammelleitung mit mehreren zu den Anschlußöffnungen des Zylinderkopfes führenden Anschlußstutzen, bei der das Abgas eine wärmeisolierende Leitung aus gesintertem keramischem Material durchströmt, die Leitung unter Belassung eines gegenseitigen Zwischenraumes von einem Metallmantel aus miteinander fest verbundenen Stahlblechschalen umgeben ist und zwischen Leitung und Metallmantel wenigstens stellenweise eine elastisch zusammengedrückte Zwischenlage angeordnet ist.Another solution principle is based on an exhaust pipe intended for motor vehicle engines, in particular an exhaust manifold with a plurality of connecting stubs leading to the connection openings of the cylinder head, in which the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating pipe made of sintered ceramic material, the pipe being fixed together by a metal jacket while leaving a mutual space connected steel sheet shells and an elastically compressed intermediate layer is arranged at least in places between the line and the metal jacket.

Hier ist die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Zwischenlage aus metallischem Geflecht, Gestricke, Gewirke oder dergleichen besteht, daß im Bereich der Anschlußstutzen zwischen Leitungsende und Anschlußstelle ein Balg aus temperatur- und korrosionsbeständigem Metall einerseits mit der Leitung durch Hartlötung oder Formschluß und andererseits mit der Anschlußstelle gasdicht verbunden angeordnet ist, und daß der Metallmantel die Flansche zur Leitungsbefestigung am Zylinderkopf bzw. einer weiterführenden Leitung trägt bzw. einstückig verbunden aufweist.Here, the object underlying the invention is achieved in that the intermediate layer consists of metallic mesh, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like that in the area of the connecting piece between the line end and connection point, a bellows made of temperature and corrosion-resistant metal, on the one hand, with the line by brazing or positive locking and, on the other hand, is arranged in a gas-tight manner with the connection point, and that the metal jacket carries the flanges for line attachment to the cylinder head or a further line or has it connected in one piece.

Bezüglich dieses Gegenstandes ist auf die US-A-3 798 903 als Stand der Technik hinzuweisen.With regard to this subject, reference is made to US Pat. No. 3,798,903 as prior art.

Nach der vorgenannten Lösung kann die Leitung aus keramischem Material ohne Unterbrechung, das heißt einstückig ausgebildet sein, da ihr wärmedehnungsbedingte Relativbewegungen gegenüber der Metallummantelung möglich sind durch die Zwischenlager aus Geflecht, Gestricke, Gewirke oder dergleichen, die die keramische Leitung fest innerhalb der Metallummantelung hält und trägt, ohne daß es bei den beiden Teilen zu gegenseitigen Verspannungen kommen kann. Andererseits läßt sich die Metallummantelung auf ein fertiges Keramikteil auch bei äußerst komplizierten Formen leicht aufbringen, da die Ummantelung aus Schalen besteht, die erst nach dem Aufsetzen auf die Zwischenlage fest miteinander verbunden werden. Die Befestigung der so gebildeten Einheit an einem Zylinderkopf oder einer weiterführenden Leitung geschieht dann über die Flansche des Metallmantels, so daß durch die Befestigung eingetragene Spannungen sich nicht auf das keramische Innenteil auswirken und dort zu Beeinträchtigungen oder Zerstörungen führen können.According to the aforementioned solution, the line made of ceramic material can be formed without interruption, that is to say in one piece, since its relative movements relative to the metal sheath due to thermal expansion are possible due to the intermediate storage of mesh, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like, which holds the ceramic line firmly within the metal sheath and wears without mutual tension in the two parts. On the other hand, the metal sheathing can be easily applied to a finished ceramic part even in the case of extremely complicated shapes, since the sheathing consists of shells which are only firmly connected to one another after being placed on the intermediate layer. The attachment of the unit formed in this way to a cylinder head or a further line then takes place via the flanges of the metal jacket, so that the tension entered does not affect the ceramic inner part and can lead to impairments or destruction there.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung des Balges entsteht an der Anschlußstelle keine Möglichkeit für das Gas, auf die Metallummantelung nach außen zu kommen, es ist also ein gasdichter Anschluß für die keramische Leitung geschaffen, ohne daß es infolge der Verwendung eines Balges hier zu dem Aufbau von Spannungen kommen kann. Um eine gegebenenfalls zwischen Balg und Keramikleitung bestehende Lötverbindung temperaturmäßig zu schützen kann es zweckmäßig sein, daß der Metallmantel neben dem Balg mit Öffnungen versehen ist, über die von außen eine Belüftung erfolgen kann.Due to the arrangement of the bellows according to the invention there is no possibility for the gas at the connection point to come out to the metal casing, so a gas-tight connection for the ceramic line is created without the use of a bellows resulting in the build-up of voltages can come. In order to protect the temperature of a soldered connection between the bellows and the ceramic line, it may be appropriate for the metal jacket to be provided with openings next to the bellows through which ventilation can take place from the outside.

In den vorgenannten Fällen können die Anschlußverbindungen mit den Auslaßöffnungen des Zylinderkopfes ein den Balg innen überdeckendes Flammrohr aufweisen, das ebenfalls dazu dient, den Balg vor örtlicher, zu hoher Temperaturbelastung zu schützen.In the aforementioned cases, the connection connections with the outlet openings of the cylinder head can have a flame tube which covers the inside of the bellows and which also serves to protect the bellows from local, excessive temperature stress.

Ferner kann es zweckmäßig sein, neben den Flanschen zur Leitungsbefestigung den Metallmantel balgförmig auszubilden. Hiermit lassen sich Spannungen zwischen Zylinderkopf bzw. weiterführender Leitung einerseits und Metallmantel andererseits abbauen, um so eine Beeinträchtigung insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf eine Demontage und Wiederbefestigung zu verhindern, denn im Betrieb könnte die Metallummantelung sich verziehen, so daß nach Demontage bei einer Wiederbefestigung die Befestigungsbohrungen der Flansche nicht mehr genau mit den Befestigungsstellen fluchten.Furthermore, it may be expedient to design the metal sheath in the form of a bellows in addition to the flanges for fastening the line. With this, tensions between the cylinder head or the further line on the one hand and the metal jacket on the other hand can be reduced in order to prevent impairment, especially with regard to disassembly and reattachment, because during operation the metal sheath could warp, so that after disassembly the reattaching holes the flanges are no longer exactly aligned with the attachment points.

Ist schließlich eine Bauform der oben erwähnten Art vorgesehen, bei der der balgförmige Bereich des Metallmantels nach innen durch die Leitung aus keramischem Material überdeckt ist, so erweist es sich auch hier als zweckmäßig, daß der balgförmige Bereich des Metallmantels bei den Anschlußverbindungen mit den Auslaßöffnungen des Zylinderkopfes innen von einem Flammrohr mit Wärmeisolierung überdeckt ist. Ein solches Flammrohr schützt den balgförmigen Bereich vor direktem Gaszutritt und bringt auch durch seine zusätzliche Wärmeisolierung eine temperaturmäßige Abkopplung.Finally, if a design of the type mentioned above is provided, in which the bellows-shaped area of the metal jacket is covered inwards by the line made of ceramic material, it also proves to be expedient here that the bellows-shaped area of the metal jacket at the connection connections with the outlet openings of the Cylinder head is covered on the inside by a flame tube with thermal insulation. Such a flame tube protects the bellows-shaped area from direct gas access and also provides temperature decoupling due to its additional thermal insulation.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsformen beschrieben, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. In der Zeichnung zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 bis 3 einen Motor mit Abgasleitung in rückwärtiger Stirnansicht, Draufsicht und Seitenansicht ;
  • Fig. 4 eine teilweise Schnittdarstellung eines Abgassammelrohres in einer ersten Ausführungsform in Seitenansicht und Unteransicht ;
  • Fig. 5 bis 13 den flexiblen Abschnitt der Bauform gemäß Fig. 4 in unterschiedlichen Ausbildungen ;
  • Fig. 14 eine zweite Bauform einer Auspuffsammelleitung teilweise und in geschnittener Darstellung ;
  • Fig. 15 eine Anschlußstelle gemäß Fig. 14 in vergrößerter Darstellung ;
  • Fig. 16 eine Variante einer Anschlußstelle bei der Bauform gemäß Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 17 eine weitere Variante einer Anschlußstelle bei der Bauform gemäß Fig. 14 und
  • Fig. 18 einen elastischen Zwischenabschnitt bei der Bauform gemäß Fig. 14.
The invention is described below with reference to embodiments which are shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
  • Figures 1 to 3 an engine with exhaust pipe in rear end view, top view and side view.
  • Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of an exhaust manifold in a first embodiment in side view and bottom view.
  • 5 to 13 the flexible section of the design according to FIG. 4 in different designs;
  • 14 shows a second design of an exhaust manifold partially and in section;
  • 15 shows a connection point according to FIG. 14 in an enlarged representation;
  • Fig. 16 shows a variant of a junction the design according to FIG. 14;
  • 17 shows a further variant of a connection point in the design according to FIGS. 14 and
  • 18 shows an elastic intermediate section in the design according to FIG. 14.

Im nachfolgenden wird im wesentlichen auf eine Abgassammelleitung zur Erläuterung Bezug genommen, ohne daß dadurch jedoch der Anwendungsbereich eingeschränkt wäre. Vielmehr gelten die Ausführungen entsprechend auch für andere Abschnitte einer Abgasleitung. ,In the following, reference is essentially made to an exhaust manifold for explanation, but without this restricting the scope. Rather, the explanations apply correspondingly to other sections of an exhaust pipe. ,

Die Fig. 1 bis 3 zeigen einen V-Motor 1 mit Abgassammelleitungen 2 und 3, die mit einer weiterführenden Leitung 5 verbunden sind, wobei der Abgassammelleitung 2 noch ein Querrohr 4 nachgeschaltet ist. Die weiterführende Leitung 5 ist bei 6 am Fahrzeug aufgehängt und es schließt sich ein Auspufftopf 7 an.1 to 3 show a V-engine 1 with exhaust manifolds 2 and 3, which are connected to a further line 5, the exhaust manifold 2 being followed by a cross pipe 4. The further line 5 is suspended from the vehicle at 6 and a muffler 7 is connected.

Fig. 4 zeigt einen Teilabschnitt einer Abgassammelleitung in Schnittdarstellung und in Unteransicht. Hier bedeutet 10 den Motorblock mit Auslaßöffnungen 11, 12, vor die die insgesamt mit 13 bezeichnete Abgassammelleitung geschraubt ist. Die Abgassammelleitung besteht aus Leitungsabschnitten 14, 15 aus keramischem Material, auf die ein Metallmantel 16, 17 im Bereich der Anschlußstutzen aufgegossen ist. Der Metallmantel 16,17 schließt die Leitungselemente 14,15 jeweils fest in sich ein. Die Befestigung der Anschlußstutzen erfolgt über Flansche 18,19 der Metallmäntel 16, 17, über deren Bohrungen 20 die Abgassammelleitung 13 mit dem Motorblock 10 verschraubt wird. Zur Abdichtung ist dort ein Dichtring 21, 22 zwischengelegt. Die keramischen Leitungselemente 14, 15 reichen im Bereich der Anschlußstutzen bis nahe an den Motorblock 10 bzw. den Dichtungsring 21, 22.Fig. 4 shows a partial section of an exhaust manifold in a sectional view and in a bottom view. Here 10 means the engine block with outlet openings 11, 12, in front of which the exhaust manifold, designated overall by 13, is screwed. The exhaust manifold consists of line sections 14, 15 made of ceramic material, onto which a metal jacket 16, 17 is poured in the area of the connecting piece. The metal jacket 16, 17 firmly encloses the line elements 14, 15. The connection piece is fastened via flanges 18, 19 of the metal shells 16, 17, through the bores 20 of which the exhaust manifold 13 is screwed to the engine block 10. A sealing ring 21, 22 is interposed there for sealing. The ceramic line elements 14, 15 extend in the area of the connecting piece up to close to the engine block 10 or the sealing ring 21, 22nd

Die aus keramischem Material gebildete Abgasleitung ist an einem Abschnitt 23 flexibel ausgebildet, indem dort die Leitungselemente 14,15 einen Abstand voneinander haben, der durch ein dünnwandiges Wellrohr 24 aus temperatur- und korrosionsbeständigem Metall überbrückt ist. Das Wellrohr ist endständig mit den freien Enden der Leitungselemente 14 und 15 durch Hartlöten verbunden.The exhaust pipe, which is formed from ceramic material, is flexibly formed on a section 23 in that the pipe elements 14, 15 there are at a distance from one another, which is bridged by a thin-walled corrugated pipe 24 made of temperature and corrosion-resistant metal. The corrugated tube is terminally connected to the free ends of the line elements 14 and 15 by brazing.

Dadurch, daß die Leitungselemente 14 und 15 nur im Bereich der Anschlußstutzen durch den Metallmantel 16, 17 umgossen sind, können sich unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen der beiderseitigen Materialien nicht negativ auswirken, da die beiderseitige feste Verbindung nur über einen verhältnismäßig kurzen bzw. geringen Bereich vorliegt. Andererseits können Wärmedehnungen innerhalb der Leitung aus keramischem Material nicht zu Spannungen führen, da solche Spannungen über einen oder mehrere der flexiblen Abschnitte 23 abgebaut werden. Stellt man sich die Sammelleitung gemäß Fig. 4 nach rechts bei einem mehrzylindrigen Motor um weitere Anschlußstutzen ergänzt vor, läßt sich ebenso vorstellen, wie weitere flexible Abschnitte angeordnet werden können.Because the line elements 14 and 15 are only cast in the area of the connecting piece by the metal jacket 16, 17, different thermal expansions of the materials on both sides cannot have a negative effect, since the fixed connection on both sides is only present over a relatively short or small area. On the other hand, thermal expansions within the line made of ceramic material cannot lead to stresses, since such stresses are reduced via one or more of the flexible sections 23. If one imagines the manifold according to FIG. 4 to the right in the case of a multi-cylinder engine with additional connecting pieces, it can also be imagined how further flexible sections can be arranged.

Die Fig. 5 bis 13 zeigen Varianten bzw. Ausführungsformen für die Ausbildung des flexiblen Abschnittes 23 gemäß Fig. 4.5 to 13 show variants or embodiments for the formation of the flexible section 23 according to FIG. 4.

Bei Fig. 5 ist zwischen die Enden 25 und 26 der Leitung aus keramischem Material ein Wellrohr 27 eingesetzt, das mit dem Leitungsende 26 durch Hartlöten verbunden ist. Am Leitungsende 25 ist ein Schutzrohr 28 mit einem radial nach außen ragenden Bund 29 durch Hartlöten befestigt. Das Schutzrohr überdeckt das Wellrohr 27 auf der abgaszugewandten Seite und es ist das Wellrohr 27 mit seinem linken Ende auf der Außenseite des Schutzrohres 28 gasdicht bei 30 festgelegt.5, a corrugated tube 27 is inserted between the ends 25 and 26 of the line made of ceramic material and is connected to the line end 26 by brazing. At the line end 25, a protective tube 28 with a radially outwardly projecting collar 29 is fastened by brazing. The protective tube covers the corrugated tube 27 on the side facing the exhaust gas and the left end of the corrugated tube 27 is fixed gas-tight at 30 on the outside of the protective tube 28.

Gemäß Fig. 6 ist zwischen den Enden 31 und 32 der Leitung aus keramischem Material ein aus zwei Teilen 33 und 34 bestehendes Schutzrohr mit nach außen gerichteten Borden 35 und 36 durch Hartlöten festgelegt. Die beiden Schutzrohrteile übergreifen sich in Axialrichtung so, daß das radial innen liegende Schutzrohrteil stromaufwärts angeordnet ist. Auf den Schutzrohrteilen ist das Wellrohr 37 bei 38 und 39 gasdicht festgelegt. Diese Schutzrohrausführung bildet eine Art Labyrinthdichtung für das Abgas gegenüber dem Wellrohr 37, so daß das Wellrohr temperatur- und gasmäßig vom Abgasstrom abgekoppelt ist, somit die Wärmeabstrahlung herabgesetzt und das Wellrohr geringer beansprucht ist.According to FIG. 6, between the ends 31 and 32 of the line made of ceramic material, a protective tube consisting of two parts 33 and 34 with outwardly directed rims 35 and 36 is fixed by brazing. The two protective tube parts overlap in the axial direction so that the radially inner protective tube part is arranged upstream. On the protective tube parts, the corrugated tube 37 is fixed gas-tight at 38 and 39. This protective tube design forms a kind of labyrinth seal for the exhaust gas in relation to the corrugated tube 37, so that the corrugated tube is decoupled from the exhaust gas stream in terms of temperature and gas, thus reducing the heat radiation and the corrugated tube being less stressed.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Verbindung, wie sie bereits in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist. Zwischen den Enden 40 und 41 der Leitung aus keramischem Material ist ein Wellrohr 42 mit seinen Enden durch Hartlöten festgelegt.FIG. 7 shows a connection as already shown in FIG. 4. Between the ends 40 and 41 of the line made of ceramic material, a corrugated tube 42 is fixed with its ends by brazing.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine der Fig. 7 vergleichbare Ausführungsform. Hier haben die Leitungsenden 43 und 44 radial innen, d. h. auf der abgaszugewandten Seite, eine umlaufende Ausnehmung 45 bzw. 46, in der ein Schutzrohr 47 sitzt, das das Wellrohr 48 radial innen überdeckt. Um die Reibung des Schutzrohres 47 gegenüber den Enden 43 und 44 herabzusetzen, ist das Schutzrohr 47 an seinen Enden mit kugeligen Abrundungen 49, 50 versehen.FIG. 8 shows an embodiment comparable to FIG. 7. Here, the line ends 43 and 44 have radially inside, i.e. H. on the exhaust gas side, a circumferential recess 45 or 46, in which a protective tube 47 is seated, which covers the corrugated tube 48 radially on the inside. In order to reduce the friction of the protective tube 47 with respect to the ends 43 and 44, the protective tube 47 is provided with spherical rounded portions 49, 50 at its ends.

Fig. 9 zeigt eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Leitungsenden 51, 52 sich in Axialrichtung unter Belassung eines axialen und radialen Spiels mit axialen Fortsätzen 53, 54 übergreifen, wobei der stromaufwärts liegende Fortsatz 53 radial innen angeordnet ist. Hier ergibt sich eine Labyrinthwirkung, wie sie bereits anhand der Fig. 6 beschrieben wurde. Außerdem ist die Wärmeabstrahlung durch die in Fig. 9 dargestellte Bauform weiter verringert. Ein Wellrohr 55 ist auf der Außenseite der Leitungsenden 51 und 52 beidseits deren Stoßstelle durch Hartlöten gasdicht angebracht.FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the line ends 51, 52 overlap in the axial direction while leaving axial and radial play with axial extensions 53, 54, the upstream extension 53 being arranged radially on the inside. This results in a labyrinth effect, as has already been described with reference to FIG. 6. In addition, the heat radiation is further reduced by the design shown in FIG. 9. A corrugated pipe 55 is attached on the outside of the pipe ends 51 and 52 on both sides of their abutment gas-tight by brazing.

Fig. 10 weicht von dem Beispiel gemäß Fig. 9 dadurch ab, daß die Leitungsenden 56, 57 auf der Außenseite je einen umlaufenden Wulst 58, 59 aufweisen, auf die die Enden des Wellrohres 60 aufgeformt und dort durch Spannschellen 61, 62 gehalten sind.Fig. 10 differs from the example of FIG. 9 in that the line ends 56, 57 each have a circumferential bead 58, 59 on the outside, onto which the ends of the corrugated tube 60 are molded and held there by clamps 61, 62.

Bei dem Beispiel gemäß Fig. 11 sind die Leitungsenden 62, 63 zusammen mit dem sie umgebenden Metallmantel 64, 65 zu sehen. Hier ist wiederum eine Stoßstelle entsprechend den Fig. 9 und 10 gebildet, die nicht mehr näher erläutert wird. Darüber hinaus ist jedoch im Falle der Fig. 11 das Wellrohr 66 beispielsweise durch Löten oder Schweißen mit den Enden der Metallummantelung 64, 65 gasdicht verbunden, so daß die Leitungsenden 62, 63 von der Dichtfunktion durch Befestigung des Wellrohres gänzlich befreit sind.In the example according to FIG. 11, the line ends 62, 63 can be seen together with the metal sheath 64, 65 surrounding them. Here again, a joint is formed according to FIGS. 9 and 10, which is no longer explained in more detail becomes. In addition, in the case of FIG. 11, the corrugated tube 66 is connected gas-tight to the ends of the metal sheath 64, 65, for example by soldering or welding, so that the line ends 62, 63 are completely freed from the sealing function by fastening the corrugated tube.

Fig. 12 zeigt ein Beispiel, wie ein Wellrohr 67 formschlüssig mit dem Ende 68 der keramischen Leitung durch Einformen verbunden sein kann. Dazu wird das Ende des Wellrohres 67 bei der Formung des Leitungsendes 68 in das Material miteingeformt, so daß sich nach dem Brennen der Leitung eine dauerhafte Verbindung ergibt, deren Festigkeit noch durch Umschlagen des Endes des Wellrohres 67 vergrößert werden kann.FIG. 12 shows an example of how a corrugated tube 67 can be positively connected to the end 68 of the ceramic line by molding. For this purpose, the end of the corrugated tube 67 is molded into the material during the formation of the line end 68, so that a permanent connection results after the line has burned, the strength of which can be increased by folding over the end of the corrugated tube 67.

Fig. 13 zeigt schließlich eine Stoßstelle aneinandergrenzender Leitungen 69, 70, wie sie bereits anhand der Fig. 9, 10 und 11 beschrieben wurde. Hier ist ähnlich Fig. 12 ein Wellrohr 71 mit seinen Enden von außen vor dem Brennen in das Leitungsmaterial eingeformt, so daß sich nach dem Brennen eine dauerhafte, gasdichte Verbindung ergibt.13 finally shows a junction of adjoining lines 69, 70, as has already been described with reference to FIGS. 9, 10 and 11. Here, similar to FIG. 12, a corrugated tube 71 is formed with its ends from the outside in the pipe material before firing, so that a permanent, gas-tight connection results after the firing.

Anhand der Fig. 4 läßt sich unschwer vorstellen, wie das dort dargestellte Beispiel auch ohne eine Metallummantelung 16, 17 ausgeführt sein kann. In diesem Falle sind an die Leitungsteile 14 und 15 die in Fig. 4 mit 18 und 19 bezeichneten Anschlußflansche mitangeformt, so daß die Leitungsteile aus keramischem Material unmittelbar am Motorblock 10 durch Schrauben befestigt werden können. Da die Leitungsteile flexibel miteinander verbunden sind, können entstehende Spannungen nicht zu Beeinträchtigungen führen. Um hier den Leitungsteilen eine erhöhte Festigkeit zu geben, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn diese zumindest im Bereich der Flansche aus mit zusätzlichen Verstärkungen versehenem Keramikmaterial gebildet sind.4, it is easy to imagine how the example shown there can also be carried out without a metal sheath 16, 17. In this case, the connecting flanges designated in FIG. 4 with 18 and 19 are also molded onto the line parts 14 and 15, so that the line parts made of ceramic material can be fastened directly to the engine block 10 by screws. Since the line parts are flexibly connected to each other, the resulting tensions cannot lead to impairments. In order to give the line parts increased strength, it is expedient if they are formed at least in the area of the flanges from ceramic material provided with additional reinforcements.

Eine solche praktisch rein keramische Bauform ist nicht nur einfach und preisgünstig. Sie kann auch bei den heute zunehmend eingesetzten gekapselten Antriebseinheiten ohne die Gefahr einer Beschädigung von außen verwendet werden.Such a practically purely ceramic design is not only simple and inexpensive. It can also be used in the encapsulated drive units increasingly used today without the risk of damage from the outside.

Für die rein keramische Bauform gelten die Ausführungen gemäß den Fig. 5 bis 10 und 12,13 gleichermaßen.The statements according to FIGS. 5 to 10 and 12, 13 apply equally to the purely ceramic design.

Fig. 14 zeigt ein Beispiel einer insgesamt mit 80 bezeichneten Abgassammelleitung. Diese weist innen eine einteilige Leitung 81 aus keramischem Material auf, die mit Stutzen auf die Austrittsöffnungen 82, 83 eines Motorblockes 84 geht. Die Leitung 81 ist von einer Zwischenlage 85 aus einem Gestricke, Geflecht, Gewirke od. dgl. aus Metall umgeben. Auf die Zwischenlage ist unter deren Zusammendrückung eine Metallummantelung 86 aus zwei Halbschalen aufgesetzt, deren aufeinander zu liegen kommende Kragen 87 durch Punktschweißen 88 od. dgl. miteinander verbunden sind. Dadurch ist die Leitung 81 über die Zwischenlage 85 fest in dem Metallmantel 86 eingesetzt, wobei jedoch auf der anderen Seite zwischen Leitung 81 und Metallmantel 86 genügend gegenseitige Bewegbarkeit gegeben ist, da die Teile über die Zwischenlage 85 nur kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind und diese Verbindung über die Zwischenlage 85 im übrigen eine stoßfreie Lagerung ist.FIG. 14 shows an example of an exhaust manifold designated 80 in total. This has a one-piece line 81 made of ceramic material on the inside, which goes with nozzles to the outlet openings 82, 83 of an engine block 84. The line 81 is surrounded by an intermediate layer 85 made of a knitted fabric, braid, knitted fabric or the like made of metal. A metal sheath 86 composed of two half-shells, the collars 87 of which come to lie on one another and are connected to one another by spot welding 88 or the like, is placed on the intermediate layer by compressing them. As a result, the line 81 is firmly inserted into the metal jacket 86 via the intermediate layer 85, but there is sufficient mutual mobility on the other side between the line 81 and the metal jacket 86, since the parts are only non-positively connected to one another via the intermediate layer 85 and this connection is made the intermediate layer 85 is a shock-free storage.

Die bezogen auf Fig. 14 linke Anschlußverbindung für die Abgassammelleitung ist vergrößert in Fig. 15 dargestellt und anhand dieser erläutert, wobei jedoch die Kragen 87 mit der Schweißverbindung 88 fortgelassen sind. Die Bezugsziffern entsprechen denen der Fig. 14, soweit sie wiederkehren.The left-hand connection connection for the exhaust gas manifold with reference to FIG. 14 is shown enlarged in FIG. 15 and explained on the basis thereof, but the collars 87 with the weld connection 88 are omitted. The reference numerals correspond to those of FIG. 14 insofar as they recur.

Gemäß Fig. 15 ist der Metallmantel 86 am Anschlußende nach außen umgebördelt, so daß er durch einen Losflansch 89 am nicht dargestellten Zylinderblock befestigt werden kann. In diese Befestigungsverbindung ragt ein Balg 90 mit einer Umbördelung, der mit seinem anderen Ende bei 91 mit der Leitung 81 durch Hartlöten verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise ist die Leitung 81 gasdicht mit an den Zylinderblock angeschlossen. Damit die Lötverbindung 91 keine Überhitzung erfährt, ist der Metallmantel im Bereich der Lötverbindung mit Öffnungen 92 zur äußeren Belüftung versehen. Außerdem ist ein Flammrohr 93 mit einem endständigen, äußeren Bund 94 bei der Anschlußverbindung mitbefestigt, das den Balg 90 innen überdeckt und so einen unmittelbaren Zutritt des Abgases zum Balg 90 verhindert.15, the metal jacket 86 is flanged to the outside at the connection end, so that it can be attached by a loose flange 89 to the cylinder block, not shown. A bellows 90 with a flange projects into this fastening connection and is connected at its other end at 91 to the line 81 by brazing. In this way, the line 81 is connected gas-tight to the cylinder block. So that the soldered connection 91 does not experience overheating, the metal jacket in the area of the soldered connection is provided with openings 92 for external ventilation. In addition, a flame tube 93 with a terminal outer collar 94 is also attached to the connection, which covers the bellows 90 inside and thus prevents direct access of the exhaust gas to the bellows 90.

Fig. 16 zeigt eine Variante des rechten Anschlusses in Fig. 14. Hier ist die Leitung 95 aus keramischem Material in der metallischen Ummantelung 96 über im Abstand voneinander angeordnete Ringe 97 aus Geflecht, Gestricke, Gewirke od. dgl. gelagert, so daß sich gegenseitige Wärmedehnungen zwischen Leitung 95 und Ummantelung 96 über die Ringe 97 ausgleichen können.Fig. 16 shows a variant of the right connection in Fig. 14. Here, the line 95 made of ceramic material in the metallic sheath 96 is mounted on rings 97 made of braid, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or the like, which are arranged at a distance from one another, so that each other Can compensate for thermal expansion between line 95 and sheath 96 via the rings 97.

Andererseits ist der Metallmantel 96 über eine balgförmige Ausbildung 98 zu den Anschlußstellen hin geführt, wobei die Befestigung am nicht dargestellten Motorblock wieder über einen Losflansch 99 erfolgt.On the other hand, the metal jacket 96 is guided to the connection points via a bellows-shaped formation 98, the attachment to the engine block, not shown, being carried out again via a loose flange 99.

Um den Balg 98 vor dem Abgas zu schützen, ist ein Flammrohr 100 mit einem nach außen gerichteten Bund 101 in die Anschlußverbindung miteinbezogen, das den Balg 98 innen überdeckt. Das Flammrohr ist mit einer äußeren Wärmeisolierung versehen.In order to protect the bellows 98 from the exhaust gas, a flame tube 100 with an outwardly directed collar 101 is included in the connection, which covers the bellows 98 on the inside. The flame tube is provided with external thermal insulation.

Fig. 17 zeigt eine Variante zum Beispiel gemäß Fig. 16. Hier sind die die Leitung 102 tragenden Ringe 103 aus metallischem Gewirke, Gestricke, Geflecht od. dgl. durch umlaufende Sicken 104 der Metallummantelung 105 festgehalten. Außerdem ist in eine Abstufung 106 des Metallmantels 105 ein Eckring 107 aus metallischem Geflecht, Gewirke, Gestricke od. dgl. für den Öffnungsrand der Leitung 102 eingesetzt, um diesen Rand gegenüber dem Metallmantel weich zu lagern, ohne daß ein Durchtritt für das Gas gegeben ist. Das innerhalb des Balges 108 angeordnete Flammrohr 109 entspricht mit seiner wärmeisolierenden Ummantelung 110 wieder dem anhand der Fig. 16 beschriebenen.FIG. 17 shows a variant, for example according to FIG. 16. Here, the rings 103 made of metallic knitted fabric, knitted fabric, braid or the like, which hold the line 102, are held in place by circumferential beads 104 of the metal sheath 105. In addition, in a gradation 106 of the metal jacket 105, a corner ring 107 made of metallic braiding, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or the like is used for the opening edge of the line 102 in order to softly support this edge with respect to the metal jacket without there being a passage for the gas . The flame tube 109 arranged inside the bellows 108, with its heat-insulating jacket 110, again corresponds to that described with reference to FIG. 16.

Anhand der Fig. 14 bis 17 wurde von einer Leitung aus keramischem Material ausgegangen, die innerhalb der Metallummantelung als einstückiges Gebilde sitzt. Bei größeren Abgassammelleitungen kann es zweckmäßig sein, auch die Leitung aus keramischem Material mehrteilig auszuführen bzw. wenigstens einmal zwischen den Anschlußstellen am Motorblock flexibel zu unterteilen. Eine solche Möglichkeit zeigt Fig. 18.14 to 17 was from a Line made of ceramic material, which sits within the metal casing as a one-piece structure. In the case of larger exhaust manifolds, it may be expedient to also design the line made of ceramic material in several parts or to divide it flexibly at least once between the connection points on the engine block. 18 shows such a possibility.

Hier ist eine Leitung 111 aus keramischem Material wiederum über eine Zwischenlage 112 aus metallischem Geflecht, Gewirke, Gestricke od. dgl. in einem Metallmantel 113 gelagert. Die Leitung 117 weist eine Unterbrechung auf, die durch ein Wellrohr 114 überbrückt ist, das wiederum, wie bereits früher beschrieben, durch Hartlöten an den benachbarten Enden der Leitung 111 festgelegt ist. Das Wellrohr 114 ist nach innen durch ein Schutzrohr 115 abgedeckt, das beidseitig über die Enden des Wellrohres 114 hinausragend auf der Innenseite der Leitung 111 anliegt. Damit dort die gegenseitige Reibung vermindert ist, sind die Enden des Schutzrohres 115 wiederum bei 116 kugelig abgerundet. In Axialrichtung ist das Schutzrohr 115 bei 117 am Wellrohr 114 festgelegt. Diese Beschreibung entspricht der Darstellung in der oberen Hälfte der Fig. 18.Here, a line 111 made of ceramic material is in turn supported in a metal jacket 113 via an intermediate layer 112 made of metallic braiding, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or the like. The line 117 has an interruption, which is bridged by a corrugated tube 114, which in turn, as described earlier, is fixed by brazing at the adjacent ends of the line 111. The corrugated tube 114 is covered on the inside by a protective tube 115 which, on both sides, projects beyond the ends of the corrugated tube 114 on the inside of the line 111. So that the mutual friction is reduced there, the ends of the protective tube 115 are in turn rounded at 116. In the axial direction, the protective tube 115 is fixed to the corrugated tube 114 at 117. This description corresponds to the representation in the upper half of FIG. 18.

Gemäß der unteren Hälfte in Fig. 18 bilden die aufeinander zu gerichteten Enden der Leitung 118 eine Ausnehmung 119, in denen das Schutzrohr 120 mit seinen Enden sitzt. Dies genügt an sich zur axialen Lagerung des Schutzrohres 120, obwohl in der dargestellten Weise noch eine zusätzliche Befestigung bei 121 am Wellrohr 122 vorgesehen ist. Dadurch, daß das Schutzrohr 120 in Ausnehmungen 119 eingesetzt ist, ist eine besonders strömungsgünstige Anordnung getroffen.According to the lower half in FIG. 18, the ends of the line 118 directed towards one another form a recess 119 in which the protective tube 120 is seated with its ends. This is in itself sufficient for the axial mounting of the protective tube 120, although an additional fastening is provided at 121 on the corrugated tube 122 in the manner shown. Because the protective tube 120 is inserted into recesses 119, a particularly streamlined arrangement is made.

Wie bereits früher beschrieben, sind die Wellrohre 114, 122 mit den Enden der Leitung 111 bzw. 118 wieder durch Hartlöten verbunden. Um diese Lötstellen vor Überhitzung zu schützen, kann der Metallmantel 113 im Bereich des Wellrohres mit Öffnungen 123, 124 versehen sein, über die von außen eine Belüftung möglich ist.As already described earlier, the corrugated pipes 114, 122 are connected to the ends of the lines 111 and 118 again by brazing. In order to protect these solder joints from overheating, the metal jacket 113 can be provided in the area of the corrugated tube with openings 123, 124, through which ventilation is possible from the outside.

Die vorstehende Beschreibung enthält zahlreiche Ausführungsbeispiele, die jeweils bestimmten Bauformen zugeordnet sind. Selbstverständlich sind jedoch auch andere Zuordnungen möglich. So können beispielsweise die Ausführungsformen gemäß den Fig. 5 bis 13 auch beim Gegenstand der Fig. 18 verwendet werden.The above description contains numerous exemplary embodiments, each of which is assigned to specific designs. Of course, other assignments are also possible. For example, the embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 13 can also be used for the subject of FIG. 18.

Claims (15)

1. Exhaust gas ducting (13) destined for motor vehicle engines, particularly exhaust gas manifold ducting with several pipe connections leading to the outlet openings (11, 12) of the cylinder head, in which the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating duct made of sintered ceramic material (14, 15) onto which is cast a metallic jacket (16, 17) having a flange for securing the ducting to the cylinder head or a duct for further conveying the gas, characterised in that the ceramic duct (14, 15) has a break at at least one section (23), in that the metal jacket (16, 17) is cast on the duct so as to leave the section (23) free, and in that the break is bridged over by means of a flexible metallic intermediate piece (24) connecting the sections of the ducting or the adjacent metallic jacket sections.
2. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 1, characterised in that the intermediate piece is gas-tightly connected with the adjacent ends of the ducting by brazing or by a conjugate shape-locking connection.
3. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 2, characterised in that the intermediate piece is moulded with its ends into the ends of the ducting (Figures 12 and 13).
4. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 2, characterised in that the ends of the intermediate piece are moulded on the outer annular beads of the duct ends and are gas-tightly secured there by means of externally surrounding clamping means (Figure 10).
5. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 1, characterised in that the intermediate piece is gas-tightly connected with the ends of the metal jacket which are adjacent to the section and which surround the ducting by means of welding, soldering, dove-tailing or the like (Figure 11).
6. Exhaust gas ducting according to claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the intermediate piece is radially inwardly covered by means of a protective pipe made of ceramic material or of a temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal (Figures 5, 6, 8 and 18).
7. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 6, characterised in that the protective pipe is secured to the intermediate piece (Figure 18).
8. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 6, characterised in that the protective pipe is held in the axial and radial directions by way of recesses in adjacent ends of the ducting (Figure 18).
9. Exhaust gas ducting according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ends of the ducting adjoining the section (23) axially overlap each other by means of axial extensions while leaving an axial and radial clearance (Figures 9, 10, 11, 13).
10. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 9, characterised in that the extension of the duct end which is upstream in relation to the flow of gas is arranged radially within the other extension of the section.
11. Exhaust gas ducting (80) destined for motor vehicle engines, particularly exhaust gas manifold ducting with several pipe connections leading to the outlet openings of the cylinder head, wherein the exhaust gas flows through a heat-insulating duct (81) made of sintered ceramic material, the duct (81) is surrounded by a metal jacket (86) made of mutually rigidly interconnected steel plate shells while leaving an intermediate space therebetween, and a resiliently ' compressed intermediate layer (85, 97, 103, 107, 112) is arranged at least in places between the duct (81) and the metallic jacket (86), characterised in that the intermediate layer (85, 97, 103, 107, 112) consists of a metallic wire mesh, braiding, matting or the like, in that in the region of the pipe connections between the duct ends and the location of the connections a bellows (90) of temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal is gas-tightly connected, on the one hand, with the duct by means of a brazing or a conjugate shape-locking connection and, on the other hand, with the connection location, and in that the metal jacket (86) carries a flange for connection of the duct to the cylinder head (84) or to a further-conveying duct or is of one piece with the flange.
12. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 11, characterised in that adjacent to the bellows (90) the metal jacket (86) is provided with openings (92).
13. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the connections with the outlet openings of the cylinder head are provided with a flue tube (93) which internally covers the bellows.
14. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 11, characterised in that for securing the ducting the metal jacket is formed in a bellows-like manner (98, 108) next to the flanges.
15. Exhaust gas ducting according to claim 14, characterised in that at the sites of connections with the outlet openings of the cylinder head the bellows-shaped region (8, 108) of the metal jacket is internally covered by means of a heat-insulated flue tube (100, 109).
EP85108816A 1984-07-28 1985-07-15 Exhaust pipe for motor vehicle engines Expired EP0171624B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19843427998 DE3427998A1 (en) 1984-07-28 1984-07-28 EXHAUST PIPE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE ENGINES
DE3427998 1984-07-28

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EP0171624A1 EP0171624A1 (en) 1986-02-19
EP0171624B1 true EP0171624B1 (en) 1988-11-09

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DE3427998A1 (en) 1986-01-30
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