EP0169840A1 - Procede et appareil d'entrainement isokinetique - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'entrainement isokinetique

Info

Publication number
EP0169840A1
EP0169840A1 EP84900927A EP84900927A EP0169840A1 EP 0169840 A1 EP0169840 A1 EP 0169840A1 EP 84900927 A EP84900927 A EP 84900927A EP 84900927 A EP84900927 A EP 84900927A EP 0169840 A1 EP0169840 A1 EP 0169840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque arm
shaft
person
torque
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84900927A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Steven M. Sagedahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0169840A1 publication Critical patent/EP0169840A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/15—Arrangements for force transmissions
    • A63B21/157—Ratchet-wheel links; Overrunning clutches; One-way clutches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0058—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using motors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/002—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices isometric or isokinetic, i.e. substantial force variation without substantial muscle motion or wherein the speed of the motion is independent of the force applied by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0057—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using electromagnetic clutches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/0355—A single apparatus used for either upper or lower limbs, i.e. with a set of support elements driven either by the upper or the lower limb or limbs

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to an iso ineti ⁇ exercise apparatus and method and, more particularly, to an apparatus which allows a person to stress muscles while doing the specific movements applicable to a specific sport.
  • Muscle exercise may be characterized as follows: (I) Active exercise wherein the subject exerts the muscular force producing the exercise motion.
  • the present invention is primarily concerned with active, concentric, isokinetic exercise. However, it will be apparent that counter motions provide eccentric contrac- tion as well.
  • ⁇ . S. Patent 4,337,050 shows a recognition of the importance of exercising specific movements for rehabilitating a person to do the types of movements that he will do when he returns to his employment following an injury.
  • the apparatus disclosed pro ⁇ vides only for use of various tools for rotation about a fixed axis.
  • U. S. Patent 3,567,219 shows an earlier version of similar apparatus. It provides for exercising by pushing or pulling an arm about a fixed axis.
  • ⁇ . S. Patent 2,134,451 shows the use of a baseball bat or a tennis racket attached to a weight hanging from a pulley system. Muscles are exer ⁇ cised to the extent that movement of the bat or racket in one direction requires a force equivalent to lifting the weight.
  • u. S. Patent 3,462,156 shows a similar idea for a golf club wherein the handle is connected with a cord to a retraction reel.
  • U. S. Patent 4,328,964 provides a more recent version of the same concept in that elastic ropes are fixed at one end and connected to various athletic instru ⁇ ments at the other end. Movement in one direction away from the fixed end of the ropes is resisted.
  • the devices of this latter group of patents provide a resisting stress for some of the muscles used during a particular athletic movement, but the design of the. devices prevents the type of movement which would really be used during an athletic event and, furthermore, the devices pro ⁇ vide resistance only in one direction while practicing any type of movement.
  • ⁇ . S. Patent 3,738,661 discloses a golf exercising device which allows the " exercising person to swing somewhat similarly to his actual golf swing.
  • the device has an arm rotatable about an axis.
  • the arm has a flexible portion ending in a handle.
  • the device is limited to rotating the arm about the axis and, thus, makes any swing rather circular.
  • the flexible portion of the arm at least allows for the wrists to turn.
  • U. S. Patent 4,211,418 shows a different approach wherein an apparatus has a pair of rods at approximately 90 degrees with respect to each other.
  • a rotational axis bisects the angle between the rods.
  • the exercising person places a golf club in front of one rod and rotates the apparatus as the club is moved into a back swing. When the person stops, the apparatus rotates the rods 180 degrees so that the other rod makes contact with the front of the golf club. Then the person makes his foreswing while pushing the rod throughout the swing.
  • the present invention is directed to an apparatus for isokinetically exercising by performing movements appli ⁇ cable to a particular sport.
  • the apparatus comprises a torque arm and a mechanism for applying a ⁇ ountertorque to the torque arm.
  • the countertorque mechanism has a rotatable shaft connected to the torque arm.
  • the apparatus further includes a mechanism for the person to exert a force to torque the torque arm about the shaft wherein the force exerting mechanism includes a flexible element between the exercising person and the torque arm and further includes mechanism connected to the flexible element for sliding along the torque arm.
  • the present invention is directed to a modification to apparatus similar to that disclosed in ⁇ . S. Patent 3,465,592.
  • apparatus was disclosed for providing resistance when a shaft was rotated over a certain threshold level by an exercising person.
  • the present invention improves the resistance apparatus by pro ⁇ viding a flexible element which may slide along the torque arm.
  • the person may perform an athletic move ⁇ ment quite freely due to the flexibility of the flexible element and the sliding capability of that element along the torque arm. Movement is hampered only by the counter resistance of the countertorque or resistance apparatus which is, of course, the purpose of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus therefore, stresses the exact muscles with resistance while the exercising person is doing the movement he wishes to do in the form he wishes to do it.
  • the present device provides for a flexible element between the torque arm and an extremity of the exercising person.
  • One embodiment of the element includes a nylon loop for sliding along the torque arm . connected by a flexible strap to a band or shoe or some other device for direct attachment or connection to the exercising person's arm or leg.
  • the exercising person may move his upper body through the same motion as he would make while running to exercise upper body muscles used while running.
  • the other leg may be moved through the exact motion that the person would make while kicking or running thereby exercising the exact muscles used while doing the exact motion which would be used for performing those functions.
  • the body extremity may be moved forward and backward, and resistance will be applied in both directions so as to exercise all muscles in both directions.
  • the apparatus includes means for adjusting the predetermined speed.
  • a coach may watch the athlete in order to set a speed at which the athlete can maintain coordination and form. As the athlete increases in strength for the particular motion, the speed can be increased. The result of such an exercise program is clear. That is, the athlete becomes stronger and faster with good form and coordination in performing the exact cri ⁇ tical motion needed by him for his particular sport.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a person exer ⁇ cising with the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art resistance device representative of the type which could be used in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a perspective view similar to FIGURE 1 showing the person exercising a different extremity ?
  • FIGURES 4-6 illustrate schematically the motion for exercising the arm and upper body
  • FIGURES 7-9 illustrate schematically the motion for exercising the leg and lower body
  • apparatus in accordance with the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 20.
  • Apparatus 20 is being used by
  • Apparatus 20 includes a torque arm 24 connected at one end to a machine 26 capable of applying a counte torque at a predetermined angular speed.
  • a flexible strap 28 connects the foot 30 of person 22 slidably to torque arm 24.
  • Torque arm 24 is forced by person 22 to rotate about axis 32.
  • Machine 26 is preset to apply a countertorque when the speed of rotation of torque arm 24 reaches a predetermined value.
  • Strap 28 is fixed to an extremity of person 22. In FIGURE 1, strap 28 is shown fixed to foot 30 while in FIGURE 3, strap 28 is shown fixed to the arm 34 of person 22. Strap 28 includes a loop 36 made of material which readily slides along arm 24.
  • the concept of the present exercising method is that the apparatus allows person 22 to make a particular athletic move using the form and coordination near the speed at which the move would ordinarily be made while at • the same time providing with machine 26 a counter resistance which stresses and thereby strengthens the muscles used in that movement. As the muscles get stronger and stronger, the predetermined rotational speed at which resistance is applied may be increased so that person 22 gains speed and strength for the movement.
  • the method of the present invention includes presetting the countertorque machine 26 so that a resistance force is applied to rotatable shaft 38 at a predetermined rotational speed.
  • Flexible member 28 is connected between person 22 and torque arm 24. It is understood that torque arm 24 is attached nonparallel to shaft 38 and that flexible member 28 is slidable along torque arm 24.
  • torque arm 24 through flexible member 28 with a force which causes rotation of shaft 38 at the predetermined rotational speed.
  • resistance may be applied by machine 26 for both clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of shaft 38 so that all muscles for the complete athletic movement are exercised.
  • Resistance machine 26 may be of a type described in U. S. Patent 3,465,592. Representative of such machines is the apparatus schematically illustrated in FIGURE 2.
  • Worm 40 is rotated . by an electric motor 42 at a constant rotational velocity in the clockwise direction.
  • a worm gear 44 is meshed with and driven counterclockwise by the worm 40 and is fixed to the upper element of an overrunning clutch 46.
  • the worm 40 has a pitch such that " the worm 40 can rotate worm gear 46, but worm gear 46 cannot rotate worm 40.
  • Clutch 46 transmits torque from its outer element to its inner element in one direction only, and then only when the inner element is already being rotated in that direction at the same velocity that the outer element is rotating.
  • Such a clutch 46 is conventional.
  • the inner element of clutch 46 is fixed to a shaft 48 which is fixed to a gear 50.
  • a worm gear 52 is meshed with and driven clockwise by worm 40, and is fixed to the outer element of an overrunning clutch 54.
  • Clutch 54 is similar to clutch 46.
  • the inner element of clutch 54 is fixed to shaft 56 which is fixed to gear 58.
  • Gears 50 and 58 are each meshed with a third gear 60 which is fixed to shaft 38.
  • Shaft 38 is dri ⁇ ven by torque arm 24 as discussed hereinbefore and may be driven either clockwise or counterclockwise by the person exercising. in that regard, clutch 46 transmits torque only in the counterclockwise direction, while clutch 54 transmits torque only in the clockwise direction.
  • Machine 26 once a clutch 46 or 54 has been engaged, is not capable of being accelerated by the person exercising, due to the unidirectional characteristic of motor 42 and the worm drive system. Any applied force tending to increase the torque to increase the threshold speed over which a clutch is engaged is opposed by a reac ⁇ tion force or countertorque from the gear system causing the system to yield relatively slowly against the applied over- force. When the applied force decreases below the threshold of clutch engagement, countertorque or resistance is no longer applied. Thus, machine 26 applies a kinetic resistance to the action of the person exercising, which is delicately responsive to the force which that person applies and is always slightly less than the force which he applies, from instant to instant.
  • a speed control or mechanism for adjusting the threshold speed at which countertorque is applied comprises an auto transformer or a potentiometer and a silicon control rectifier all of which are conventional and are represented by numeral 66.
  • the adjusting mechanism may set threshold speeds in excess of 300 angular degrees per second.
  • a further feature which may be incorporated into the system includes a pair of magnetic clutches 68 and 70 interposed in series with shafts 48 and 56, respectively.
  • the maximum torque which can be transmitted by clutch 68 is adjustably controlled by a rheostat 72 in series with clutch 68 and a source 74.
  • the maximum torque which can be transmitted by clutch 70 is adjustably controlled by a rheostat 76 which is in series with clutch 70 and also with the source 74.
  • These clutches 68 and 70 begin to slip at a given torque, and any force over such torque applied by the person exercising is dissipated in acceleration.
  • clutches 68 and 70 may be . used to provide some slight resistance to the rotation of shaft 38 as the rotational speed of shaft 38 increases to the threshold speed of clutch 46 or clutch 52.
  • housing 78 As shown in FIGURE 1, apparatus like that described with respect to FIGURE 2 is contained in housing 78. Housing 78 is held by a pair of arms 80 to a fixed framework (not shown) . Housing 78 may be pivoted with respect to arms 80 at shaft 82 by loosening a threaded knob 84. Wiring cables 86 extend to control electronics 66 of the type described hereinbefore. Torque arm 24 is held fixed to shaft 38 with a set screw 88 having a knob, for example, thereon.
  • Strap 28 provides the all-important connection bet ⁇ ween an extremity of exercising person 22 and torque arm 24. Strap 28 must be flexible so that it may be twisted or moved in rotation about a pair of axes orthogonal to the torque
  • strap 28 must include a loop 36 which is slidable along torque arm 24.
  • Strap 28 provides complete movement freedom except for perpendicular transla ⁇ tion away from torque arm 24.
  • Strap 28 is sufficiently long that it may be wrapped about the foot or leg, for example, of -person 22 and taped in place.
  • strap 22 may include an elastic loop for slipping onto the arm of person 22 as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • Other embodiments are also envisioned, for example, to include direct connection of strap 28 to a shoe or to a glove.
  • FIGURES 4-6 illustrate the type of movement made by a runner with his upper body.
  • a runner needs good strength not only in the legs, but also throughout his body and par ⁇ ticularly his upper body.
  • FIGURE 4 shows an exercising runner with his arm behind him;
  • FIGURE 5 shows the arm approximately even with his body; and
  • FIGURE 6 shows the arm. in front of the exercising person. Reverse movement is similar going from FIGURE 6 to FIGURE 5 to FIGURE 4.
  • the flexible strap allows various rotational posi ⁇ tions with respect to torque arm 24 while loop 36 of strap 28 provides for sliding along torque arm 24. It is understood that the left arm may be exercised in a similar fashion.
  • FIGURES 7-9 provide a similar illustration of move ⁇ ments for exercising the leg, for example, for running or kicking or even perhaps swimming or other such sports.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil d'entraînement (20) comprenant un bras de couple (24) monté en rotation sur un arbre (38) qui est relié à une machine exerçant un couple inverse (26). La personne s'entraînant déplace le bras de couple (24) par l'intermédiaire d'une sangle flexible (28). La sangle (28) comprend une boucle (36) coulissant le long du bras de couple (24). La flexibilité et la possibilité de coulissement de la sangle (28) permettent à la personne d'accomplir exactement le même mouvement qu'elle exécuterait pendant un événement athlétique. La personne peut par conséquent s'entraîner de manière à améliorer sa forme et sa coordination à la vitesse limite de la machine de résistance (26), et ceci en exécutant les mouvements d'un sport particulier.
EP84900927A 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Procede et appareil d'entrainement isokinetique Withdrawn EP0169840A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1984/000125 WO1985003236A1 (fr) 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Procede et appareil d'entrainement isokinetique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0169840A1 true EP0169840A1 (fr) 1986-02-05

Family

ID=22182028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84900927A Withdrawn EP0169840A1 (fr) 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Procede et appareil d'entrainement isokinetique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0169840A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985003236A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3541501A1 (de) * 1985-11-23 1987-05-27 Dieter Miehlich Trainingsgeraet

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051818A (fr) * 1965-09-14 1900-01-01
US3784194A (en) * 1972-04-20 1974-01-08 J Perrine Bilateral reciprocal isokinetic exerciser
US4355633A (en) * 1980-08-05 1982-10-26 Harold Heilbrun Adjustable multi-function rotary exercise apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8503236A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985003236A1 (fr) 1985-08-01

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