EP0167329A2 - Künstliche Fingernägel - Google Patents
Künstliche Fingernägel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0167329A2 EP0167329A2 EP85304433A EP85304433A EP0167329A2 EP 0167329 A2 EP0167329 A2 EP 0167329A2 EP 85304433 A EP85304433 A EP 85304433A EP 85304433 A EP85304433 A EP 85304433A EP 0167329 A2 EP0167329 A2 EP 0167329A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fingernail
- artificial
- natural
- nail
- fingernails
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 210000004905 finger nail Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 264
- 210000000282 nail Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004830 Super Glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- FGBJXOREULPLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=C)C#N FGBJXOREULPLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001272720 Medialuna californiensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010061619 Deformity Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010058109 Hangnail Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D31/00—Artificial nails
Definitions
- the present invention relates to artificial finger nails for adhering to natural fingernails, thereby artificially lengthening the natural fingernails, and to a method of adhering the artificial fingernails to natural fingernails.
- Preformed artificial fingernails have been known for many years. These nails have traditionally been made of polyvinyl acetate and have been adhered to the natural fingernail by gummy adhesives. Such artificial nails have had a number of practical disadvantages which have detracted from their widespread acceptance. Firstly, the acetate material itself is brittle and prone to splitting and breaking. Because of its brittle nature, such nails have had to be relatively thick which led to them being of unsightly and unnatural appearance. A characteristic of the known nails was that, because of the material used in their manufacture, if they were immersed in water they tended to distort and in many cases to come off altogether. Thus, the wearer of such nails had difficultly in washing her hands and had to take special steps to avoid immersion in water.
- the natural fingernail initially undergoes a series of preparatory steps so that it will satisfactorily accept the artificial fingernail.
- priorjd(arrying out these preparatory steps the natural fingernail and the surrounding area of the finger is,usually checked for the presence of any disease, deformity or disorder which would result in it being unadvisable to apply the artificial fingernail. If there is no such disease, deformity or disorder present, then the preparatory steps are carried out. Initially, the cuticle is softened and , if necessary, any dead cuticle and hangnails are removed.
- the surface of the natural fingernail (i.e. the nail plate) and the surrounding area of the finger is then cleansed to remove any oil and/or grease that may be present.
- any oil and/or grease present on the surface of the natural fingernail and the surrounding area of the finger is removed utilizing methylated spirits. If any oil and/or grease is present and is not removed, then this may hinder the application of the artificial fingernail, for example, by resulting in an unsatisfactory bond between the natural fingernail and the artificial fingernail.
- the natural fingernail After the natural fingernail has undergone the preparatory steps, it has either a form or a platform placed around the free edge thereof such that a surface is provided on which the artificial fingernail can be subsequently produced. If a form is utilized, then this is usually made of aluminium foil and is removed after the artificial fingernail has been produced. However, if a platform is utilized, then this is usually made of a plastics material and is not removed after the artificial fingernail has been produced, the platform being bonded to the artificial fingernail by means of an acrylic liquid which is the same as that used in the artificial fingernail itself; the formation of the artificial fingernail itself is discussed, in detail, below..
- the surface of the natural fingernail is then slightly roughened by rubbing it with an emery board, this procedure resulting in a dust being created on the surface of the nail.
- the dust created provides a "key" which aids the subsequent bonding of the artificial fingernail to the natural fingernail.
- a coating of an acrylic material, in liquid form, is then applied to the surface of the natural fingernail and, if utilized, to the surface of the platform.
- the next step is the actual formation of the artificial fingernail and this is achieved by mixing together an acrylic liquid and an acrylic powder and applying this mixture to the surface of the natural fingernail and the form/platform.
- the acrylic powder/acrylic liquid is applied as evenly as possible to the surface of both the natural fingernail and the form/platform, and is applied to the surface of the form/platform such that an artificial fingernail having the desired length is obtained.
- the acrylic powder/acrylic liquid is then allowed to harden such that a solid, crude, artificial fingernail is produced.
- the crude, artificial fingernail which has a dull and rough surface, is filed down into a nail shape and subsequently polished to a high gloss.
- the filing may, for example, be achieved utilizing files of various coarseness and buffers, and may be carried out by hand or by machine.
- an artificial plastics fingernail for adhering to the exposed surface of a natural fingernail, the artificial fingernail being made of an acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene polymer and being shaped to fit over the exposed surface of the natural fingernail and having a rear portion of reduced thickness to enable the latter portion to be pressed down onto the natural fingernail to achieve a close-fitting junction with the cuticle of the natural nail.
- the reduced thickness of the rear portion of the artificial nail can improve the appearance of the artificial fingernail for two reasons. Firstly, when adhered to the surface of a natural fingernail, the artificial fingernail will have an improved fit at the base of the natural fingernail. That is, the artificial fingernail will not be above the level of the surrounding skin and it will, therefore, be difficult to distinguish the artificial fingernail from a natural fingernail. Secondly, because the artificial fingernail is made of a translucent material, the reduced thickness rear portion will appear lighter in colour than the remainder of the artificial fingernail.
- the artificial fingernail when adhered to a natural fingernail, will simulate the "half-moon" effect observed at the base of natural fingernails.
- the artificial fingernail according to the present invention is preferably manufactured in a variety of sizes, e.g. nine different sizes, such that it should not be necessary to trim the sides or rear of the nail in order to achieve a satisfactory fit on the surface of the natural fingernail. This is particularly important since, as already stated, the underside of the edge of the artificial fingernail is contoured to fit the junction of the natural fingernail and the associated cuticle and any trimming of the sides or rear of the artificial fingernail will remove this contoured edge, thus resulting in an inferior fit of the artificial fingernail.
- the front of the artificial fingernail may be trimmed so that the artificial fingernail, when adhered to the surface of a natural fingernail, has a desired length.
- This trimming of the front of the artificial fingernail is preferably performed after the artificial fingernail has been adhered to the natural fingernail and will not affect the fit of the artificial fingernail.
- the artificial fingernail has sufficient flexibility to allow it to bend without breaking.
- ABS acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene
- the artificial fingernail of the present invention is translucent in order that it closely resembles the appearance of a natural fingernail.
- ABS polymer is particularly suitable for use in forming the artificial fingernails of the present invention since artificial fingernails produced therefrom can, when desired, be readily removed from the natural fingernail, for example, by immersing the artificial fingernail in acetone for a short period of time.
- a method of adhering an artificial fingernail according to the present invention to a natural fingernail comprising preparing the natural fingernail to accept the artificial fingernail, applying a bonding agent either to the exposed surface of the natural fingernail or to that portion of the underside of the artificial fingernail that is to contact the natural nail, positioning the artificial fingernail on the surface of the natural fingernail, and holding the artificial fingernail in place for a period of time sufficient to allow the bonding agent to bond the artificial fingernail to the natural fingernail.
- the natural fingernail is prepared such that it will accept the artificial fingernail.
- This preparation comprises cleansing the natural fingernail, for example, to remove any oil and/or grease that may be present on the surface, of the nail.
- the area of the finger surrounding the natural fingernail is also cleansed. Cleansing is preferably achieved by washing the natural fingernail and the surrounding area of the finger with hot soapy water and also washing the natural fingernail and the surrounding area of the finger with a solvent capable of removing any oil and/or grease present.
- a suitable solvent for removing oil and/or grease is acetone.
- the preparation of the natural fingernail such that it will accept the artificial fingernail also preferably comprises a step wherein the cuticle is softened, for example, by applying an oil to the cuticle. Also, any dead cuticle and hangnails are preferably removed. The softening of the cuticle and the removal of any dead cuticle/hangnails, if carried out, are preferably carried out prior to the cleansing step.
- the preparation of the natural fingernail also preferably comprises, after the cleansing and any softening of the cuticle, a step wherein the surface of the natural fingernail is rubbed with an abrasive, for example, an emery board, to lightly roughen the surface of the nail and create a dust on the surface of the nail.
- an abrasive for example, an emery board
- the purpose of the preparation of the natural fingernail is, firstly, to ensure that a satisfactorily strong bond is subsequently achieved between the natural fingernail and the artificial fingernail, and secondly, to ensure that an anaerobic seal is created between the natural and artificial fingernails when the artificial fingernail is subsequently bonded to the exposed surface of the natural fingernail.
- the latter point is particularly important since the absence of such an anaerobic seal could result in foreign matter, e.g. moisutre, being able to find its way inbetween the natural and artificial fingernails after they have been bonded together and this could lead to health problems, for example, infections developing between the natural and artificial fingernails.
- a bonding agent is applied either to the exposed surface of the natural fingernail or to that portion of the underside of the artificial fingernail that will lie on the surface of the natural fingernail when the natural and artificial fingernails are bonded together.
- the bonding agent is applied to the exposed surface of the natural fingernail.
- the bonding agent is applied such that, when the artificial fingernail is positioned on the surface of the natural fingernail, substantially the whole of the exposed surface of the natural fingernail is coated with the bonding agent.
- the bonding agent may be applied to only a portion of either the surface of the artificial fingernail or the natural fingernail but sufficient bonding agent being applied such that, when the artificial fingernail is positioned on the natural fingernail, substantially the whole of the exposed surface of the natural fingernail is coated with the bonding agent.
- a preferred bonding agent for use in the method of the present invention is a liquid cyanoacrylate adhesive.
- a more preferred bonding agent is a viscous liquid cyanoacrylate adhesive, for example, as manufactured by Bostik of West Germany.
- the artificial fingernail After the application of the bonding agent, the artificial fingernail is placed in its desired position on the surface of the natural fingernail and is held in this position for a period of time sufficient to achieve a bond between the artificial and natural fingernails. If a cyanoacrylate adhesive is used as the bonding agent, then the artificial fingernail must be placed in the desired position on the surface of the natural fingernail immediately after the application of the cyanoacrylate adhesive due to the very rapid cure time of the adhesive.
- the artificial fingernail is preferably held in place on the surface of the natural fingernail for a period of time of from 20 to 30 seconds since this period of time will be long enough for the cyanoacrylate adhesive to cure sufficiently to achieve a positive bond between the artificial and natural fingernails.
- the free end of the artificial fingernail may, for example, be trimmed such that it has any desired shape and also such that the artificial fingernail has any desired length.
- the artificial fingernails may be retained in position on the natural fingernails until such time as the growth of the natural fingernail results in a noticeable space between the rear edge of the artificial fingernail and the cuticle. This noticeable space usually develops approximately two to four weeks after the initial application of the artificial fingernails.
- the artificial fingernails can be readily removed and, if desired, fresh artificial fingernails applied.
- the removal of the artificial fingernails may, for example, be achieved by immersing the fingernails in a suitable solvent, e.g., acetone, for a short period of time, after which time the artificial fingernails and bonding agent can be readily removed.
- a suitable solvent e.g., acetone
- the bonding agent will be softened by the acetone to such an extent that it can be peeled away from the natural fingernail.
- an artificial fingernail 1 according to the present invention.
- the artificial fingernail 1 which is made of translucent acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene polymeric material, has an underside surface 3 which is shaped to fit the exposed surface of a natural fingernail (not shown) and has a rear edge 5 which is shaped to the line of the cuticle associated with the natural fingernail.
- the present artificial nail has a rear edge 5 which, when viewed from the rear (as indicated by arrow X in Figs. 1 and 2) presents an inverted, deeply convex configuration. This is in contrast to the shape of the known polyvinylacetate nails which had a rear edge lying substantially in the same horizontal plane as the front edge.
- the nail was almost symmetrical about a plane extending transversely of its length and the front and rear of the nail were substantillay indistinguishable one from the other. As evident from the drawings, this is not the case with the present artificial nail and the result is a much more aesthetically pleasing junction with the natural nail.
- the artificial fingernail 1 has an underside edge 7 which is chamfered or bevelled to fit the junction between the natural fingernail and the associated cuticle.
- the artificial nail 1 also has a rear portion 9 of reduced thickness. This enables the portion 9 to have extra flexibility so that it can be pressed down onto the natural nail during bonding. It has been found that this greatly improves the natural appearance of the junction between the artificial nail and the natural cuticle.
- the border 11 between the portion 9 of reduced thickness and the remainder of the artificial fingernail 1 is convex with respect to the rear edge 5 of the fingernail 1 when viewed in plan and this, together with the translucent nature of the acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene material from which the artificial fingernail 1 is made, simulates the "half-moon" region normally visible on natural fingernails, thus rendering the artificial fingernails more indistinguishable from natural fingernails.
- the artificial fingernail and the method of adhering the artificial fingernail to a natural fingernail, according to the present invention have a number of advantages of the "acrylic sculptured tip method" commonly used at present, the main advantages being as follows:-1.
- the method of adhering the artificial fingernail to a natural fingernail, according to the present invention does not require a skilled person to carry it out as there are no steps requiring a high degree of skill.
- the method according to the present invention can be utilized to apply a complete set (i.e. ten) of artificial fingernails in approximately fifteen to twenty minutes, if an experienced operator is carrying out the method, and in approximately thirty to forty minutes, if a relatively inexperienced operator is carrying out the method. Both of these times are considerably shorter than the time normally required to apply a complete set of artificial fingernails by the known "acrylic sculptured tip method" which, as previously stated, can take an experienced operator from one to two hours and a relatively inexperienced operator up to four hours.
- the artificial fingernails according to the present invention when adhered to natural fingernails, have a superior appearance to the artificial fingernails produced by the "acrylic sculptured tip method".
- the artificial fingernails according to the present invention may be produced in a variety of sizes, thereby reducing or eliminating the need to trim the rear and side edges thereof. This results in the artificial fingernails according to the invention achieving an excellent fit at the junction of the natural fingernails and the associated cuticles and thereby making it difficult to distinguish the artificial fingernails from natural fingernails.
- the artificial fingernails according to the present invention have a thickness which is closer than the artificial fingernails produced by the "acrylic sculptured tip method", to the thickness of natural fingernails. This feature also, therefore, makes it difficult to distinguish the artificial fingernails of the invention from natural fingernails.
- Artificial fingernails made of acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene polymer according to the present invention are more flexible, and hence less prone to damage, than the artificial fingernails produced by the "acrylic sculptured tip method".
- This flexibility of the artificial fingernials of the invention also minimises the risk of damage to the natural fingernails to which they are adhered. For example, if the artificial fingernail according to the invention is inadvertently knocked or catches on something, it will have a tendency to bend rather than to pull on the natural nail and possibly damage the natural nail. Further, if the pressure or strain applied to the artificial fingernail of the present invention is sufficiently great, then it will have a tendency to break so that the risk of damage to the natural fingernail is minimised.
- a method by which the artificial fingernail according to the present invention is adhered to the natural nail has the effect that, if the artificial fingernail catches on something, the bond between the artificial and natural fingernails will have a tendency to break before any damage to the natural fingernail occurs.
- the artificial fingernails according to the present invention are simpler and quicker to remove from the natural fingernails, when desired, than the artificial fingernails produced by the "acrylic sculptured tip method".
- the artificial fingernails according to the present invention may be simply produced by a moulding technique, for example, by injection moulding. This allows the artificial fingernails to be readily mass produced and produced in a variety of standard sizes.
Landscapes
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB848415688A GB8415688D0 (en) | 1984-06-20 | 1984-06-20 | Artificial fingernails |
GB8415688 | 1984-06-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0167329A2 true EP0167329A2 (de) | 1986-01-08 |
EP0167329A3 EP0167329A3 (de) | 1987-12-02 |
Family
ID=10562691
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85304433A Withdrawn EP0167329A3 (de) | 1984-06-20 | 1985-06-20 | Künstliche Fingernägel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0167329A3 (de) |
GB (1) | GB8415688D0 (de) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4805645A (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-02-21 | Jazco International, Inc. | Two mode artificial nail |
US5005595A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1991-04-09 | Eylure Limited | Fingernail repair |
GB2263402A (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1993-07-28 | Sydney Clement Arthur Fuller | A finger nail contact extension |
EP0596745A1 (de) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-05-11 | Three Bond Of America, Inc. | Klebstoff für künstliche Nägel |
US5413123A (en) * | 1991-01-05 | 1995-05-09 | Aylott, Deceased; David H. | Artificial nail tip |
US5513664A (en) * | 1994-08-15 | 1996-05-07 | Krupsky; Gina | Method of constructing artificial finger nails |
US5977205A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 1999-11-02 | Mary Ann D. Messere | Composition for artificial fingernails |
GB2340392A (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-23 | Holland Topham Karen Danette | Artificial toenails |
EP1786287A1 (de) * | 2004-08-16 | 2007-05-23 | Pacific World Corporation | Strukturell flexible künstliche fingernägel |
US7997283B2 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2011-08-16 | Pacific World Corporation | Artificial nails including application tabs |
US8136535B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2012-03-20 | Kiss Nail Products, Inc. | Artificial nail and method of forming same |
US8210185B2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2012-07-03 | Pacific World Corporation | Structurally flexible artificial nails |
US8448648B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2013-05-28 | Kiss Nail Products, Inc. | Artificial nail and method of forming same |
US8539960B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2013-09-24 | Pacific World Corporation | Flexible artificial nails and method of forming same |
US8960200B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2015-02-24 | Pacific World Corporation | Artificial nails including application tabs |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH315047A (de) * | 1953-03-13 | 1956-07-15 | Hafner Erwin | Künstlicher Finger- beziehungsweise Zehennagel |
US3750684A (en) * | 1972-07-13 | 1973-08-07 | D Russell | Artificial nail and method of applying the same |
US4135526A (en) * | 1977-09-09 | 1979-01-23 | International Beauty Distributor | Application of fingernal extension to natural fingernail |
US4260701A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-04-07 | Lee Pharmaceuticals | Formulation for self-curing artificial fingernails containing methoxyethyl methacrylate |
-
1984
- 1984-06-20 GB GB848415688A patent/GB8415688D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-06-20 EP EP85304433A patent/EP0167329A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH315047A (de) * | 1953-03-13 | 1956-07-15 | Hafner Erwin | Künstlicher Finger- beziehungsweise Zehennagel |
US3750684A (en) * | 1972-07-13 | 1973-08-07 | D Russell | Artificial nail and method of applying the same |
US4135526A (en) * | 1977-09-09 | 1979-01-23 | International Beauty Distributor | Application of fingernal extension to natural fingernail |
US4260701A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-04-07 | Lee Pharmaceuticals | Formulation for self-curing artificial fingernails containing methoxyethyl methacrylate |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4805645A (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-02-21 | Jazco International, Inc. | Two mode artificial nail |
US5005595A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1991-04-09 | Eylure Limited | Fingernail repair |
US5413123A (en) * | 1991-01-05 | 1995-05-09 | Aylott, Deceased; David H. | Artificial nail tip |
GB2263402A (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1993-07-28 | Sydney Clement Arthur Fuller | A finger nail contact extension |
GB2263402B (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1995-08-16 | Sydney Clement Arthur Fuller | Improvement to a finger nail contact extension |
EP0596745A1 (de) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-05-11 | Three Bond Of America, Inc. | Klebstoff für künstliche Nägel |
US5513664A (en) * | 1994-08-15 | 1996-05-07 | Krupsky; Gina | Method of constructing artificial finger nails |
US5977205A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 1999-11-02 | Mary Ann D. Messere | Composition for artificial fingernails |
GB2340392A (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-23 | Holland Topham Karen Danette | Artificial toenails |
US8448648B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2013-05-28 | Kiss Nail Products, Inc. | Artificial nail and method of forming same |
US8807145B2 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2014-08-19 | Kiss Nail Products, Inc. | Artificial nail and method of forming same |
US8136535B2 (en) | 2002-10-28 | 2012-03-20 | Kiss Nail Products, Inc. | Artificial nail and method of forming same |
US7506652B2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2009-03-24 | Pacific World Corporation | Structurally flexible artificial nails |
US8210185B2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2012-07-03 | Pacific World Corporation | Structurally flexible artificial nails |
EP1786287A1 (de) * | 2004-08-16 | 2007-05-23 | Pacific World Corporation | Strukturell flexible künstliche fingernägel |
EP1786287A4 (de) * | 2004-08-16 | 2008-04-16 | Pacific World Corp | Strukturell flexible künstliche fingernägel |
US7997283B2 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2011-08-16 | Pacific World Corporation | Artificial nails including application tabs |
US8539960B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2013-09-24 | Pacific World Corporation | Flexible artificial nails and method of forming same |
US8960200B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2015-02-24 | Pacific World Corporation | Artificial nails including application tabs |
US9220331B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2015-12-29 | Pacific World Corporation | Artificial nails including application tabs |
USD748333S1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2016-01-26 | Pacific World Corporation | Combined artificial nail and application tab |
USD754928S1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2016-04-26 | Pacific World Corporation | Combined artificial nail and application tab |
US9427061B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2016-08-30 | Pacific World Corporation | Flexible artificial nails and method of forming same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0167329A3 (de) | 1987-12-02 |
GB8415688D0 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
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