EP0165435B1 - Method for manufacturing a low tension coil for transformers - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a low tension coil for transformers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0165435B1 EP0165435B1 EP85105657A EP85105657A EP0165435B1 EP 0165435 B1 EP0165435 B1 EP 0165435B1 EP 85105657 A EP85105657 A EP 85105657A EP 85105657 A EP85105657 A EP 85105657A EP 0165435 B1 EP0165435 B1 EP 0165435B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- casting
- hardened
- castings
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
- H01F41/127—Encapsulating or impregnating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing undervoltage windings for transformers from strip material wound spirally with intermediate insulating layers and with a sprue of cast resin on each of the two annular end faces.
- undervoltage windings are provided, for example, in winding arrangements of air-cooled transformers according to DE-OS 22 46 235 and DE-OS 26 40 595.
- the sprues on the annular end faces of the undervoltage windings are used to seal them moisture-proof and electrically.
- peroxidically curing unsaturated polyester resins are used in the known arrangements.
- German patent applications P 33 23 153.2 and P 33 23 154.0 have proposed reaction resin mixtures of polyfunctional epoxies and polyfunctional isocyanates as essential components which can withstand these loads.
- the processing of these known cast resin mixtures requires potting with reduced ambient air pressure and long dwell times of each individual potting in the mold. These methods are therefore uneconomical and unsuitable for quickly casting the two end faces of a winding, in particular because of the doubling of the service life in the mold.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a process for the undervoltage windings of dry-type transformers to be covered only with casting resin, which process can be used economically and enables the production of castings from casting resin, which also corresponds to temperature class F at temperatures above 155 ° C and higher ensure operation without cracking.
- an N.N-dimethylbenzylamine serves as the reaction accelerator and the winding remains on the winding core during the sprueings, while curing at 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. takes place only after the winding has been removed from the winding core.
- the curing temperature is exceeded during a warm-up of the transformer for test purposes and the glass transition temperature is thereby increased at the same time.
- the method according to the invention is very advantageous because, in spite of the gates taking place in succession, it enables practically continuous work on the winding being treated in each case and because it also ensures the production of very temperature-resistant gates.
- An iron core 1 composed of sheet metal lamellae with yokes 2 is held together by bandages 3, the yokes 2 are also held together by yoke press beams 4, which simultaneously transmit axial clamping forces of an undervoltage winding 5 and an overvoltage winding 6 to tension cover plates 7 resting on the iron core.
- the yoke press beams 4 on the lower yoke 6 carry angles 8 which are part of a chassis 9 with rollers 10.
- the undervoltage winding 5 and the high-voltage winding 6 are clamped between them press blocks 11, the required clamping force being set by pressing elements 13 which support the upper yoke 2.
- the press blocks 11 are provided with elastic supports 12, which simultaneously manufacture tolerances of the undervoltage winding 5 and Compensate the high-voltage winding 6 and decouple the latter from the iron core 1 and the yokes 2 in terms of vibration technology.
- the high-voltage winding 6 is completely encased in casting resin and consists of coils electrically connected in series.
- the high-voltage windings 6 of the three phases of the same transformer are connected to one another by switching strips 14, preferably in a delta connection.
- the undervoltage winding 5 consists essentially of a spirally wound strip material 15, the width of which is approximately equal to the length of the legs in the axial direction.
- a prepreg film 16 which is somewhat wider than the strip material 15 and consequently protrudes somewhat at both ends of the winding in the axial direction, is used for the electrical insulation of the windings lying one on top of the other.
- a sprue 17 of cast resin is cast onto the annular end faces of the undervoltage winding 5.
- Each of these sprues 17 seals the winding end face covered by it and at the same time protects the edges of the prepreg film 16 which it surrounds from mechanical damage.
- Casting strips that run in with the first and last turns serve as the shape for the sprues, with a sprue 17 initially being cast from above with the winding axis standing vertically and, after it has solidified, the second sprue 17 in turn being cast from above after the winding has been turned over.
- a mixture of polyepoxy resins and isocyanate resins is used as the casting resin.
- This mixture solidifies by adding a reaction accelerator, for example N.N-dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA), at room temperature in a short time to such an extent that it can be mechanically loaded at least with the weight of the undervoltage winding 5 at room temperature.
- DMBA N.N-dimethylbenzylamine
- This cold-curing casting resin can also be used to cast other parts of dry transformers that are subject to high mechanical and thermal stress. This applies in particular to parts for which a conventional vacuum casting with gelling at elevated temperature is not possible or uneconomical for manufacturing reasons.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Unterspannungswicklungen für Transformatoren aus spiralig mit Isolierzwischenlagen aufgewickeltem Bandwerkstoff und mit einem Anguß aus Gießharz auf jeder der beiden ringförmigen Stirnflächen.The invention relates to a method for producing undervoltage windings for transformers from strip material wound spirally with intermediate insulating layers and with a sprue of cast resin on each of the two annular end faces.
Derartige Unterspannungswicklungen sind beiepielsweise in Wicklungsanordnungen von luftgekühlten Transformatoren gemäß DE-OS 22 46 235 und DE-OS 26 40 595 vorgesehen. Dabei dienen die Angüsse auf den ringförmigen Stirnflächen der Unterspannungswicklungen zu deren feuchtigkeitsdichtem und elektrisch isolierenden Abschluß. Hierzu werden bei den bekannten Anordnungen peroxydisch härtende ungesättigte Polyesterharze verwendet.Such undervoltage windings are provided, for example, in winding arrangements of air-cooled transformers according to DE-OS 22 46 235 and DE-OS 26 40 595. The sprues on the annular end faces of the undervoltage windings are used to seal them moisture-proof and electrically. For this purpose, peroxidically curing unsaturated polyester resins are used in the known arrangements.
Die mit diesen Polyesterharzen hergestellten Stirnvergüsse neigen jedoch beim Überschreiten der zulässigen Höchsttemperatur zur Rißbildung. Demzufolge genügen die bisher genutzten Rezepturen für die Gießharzgemische, sobald die zulässige Temperatur auf neuerdings geforderte Werte angehoben wird, nicht mehr allen thermischen und bei Temperaturwechseln auftretenden mechanischen Belastungen.The forehead potting produced with these polyester resins, however, tend to crack if the maximum permissible temperature is exceeded. As a result, the formulas previously used for cast resin mixtures no longer meet all thermal and mechanical stresses that occur during temperature changes as soon as the permissible temperature is raised to the recently required values.
Zum vollständigen Einbetten von Transformatorwicklungen in Gießharz sind zwar durch die deutschen Patentanmeldungen P 33 23 153.2 und P 33 23 154.0 Reaktionsharzmischungen aus polyfunktionellen Epoxyden und polyfunktionellen Isocyanaten als wesentliche Bestandteilen vorgeschlagen worden, die diesen Belastungen standhalten. Die Verarbeitung dieser bekannten Gießharzmischungen setzt jedoch ein Verguß bei abgesenktem Umgebungsluftdruck und lange Verweilzeiten jedes Einzelvergusses in der Gießform voraus. Diese Verfahren sind daher zum schnell aufeinanderfolgenden Vergießen der beiden Stirnseiten einer Wicklung, insbesondere wegen der Verdopplung der Standzeit in der Form, unwirtschaftlich und ungeeignet.For the complete embedding of transformer windings in casting resin, the German patent applications P 33 23 153.2 and P 33 23 154.0 have proposed reaction resin mixtures of polyfunctional epoxies and polyfunctional isocyanates as essential components which can withstand these loads. The processing of these known cast resin mixtures, however, requires potting with reduced ambient air pressure and long dwell times of each individual potting in the mold. These methods are therefore uneconomical and unsuitable for quickly casting the two end faces of a winding, in particular because of the doubling of the service life in the mold.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, für die lediglich auf ihren Stirnseiten mit Gießharz abzudeckenden Unterspannungswicklungen von Trockentransformatoren ein Verfahren zu schaffen, das wirtschaftlich einsetzbar ist und die Herstellung von Angüssen aus Gießharz ermöglicht, die auch bei Temperaturbelastungen über 155°C entsprechend der Wärmeklasse F und höher einen Betrieb ohne Rißbildung gewährleisten.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a process for the undervoltage windings of dry-type transformers to be covered only with casting resin, which process can be used economically and enables the production of castings from casting resin, which also corresponds to temperature class F at temperatures above 155 ° C and higher ensure operation without cracking.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gelöst,
- nach dem als Gießharz ein an sich bekanntes lösungsmittelfreies Gemisch aus Polyepoxydharzen und aus Polyisocyanatharzen dient,
- nach dem dieses Gemisch durch Zugabe eines Reaktionsbeschleunigers bei Raumtemperatur innerhalb weniger Minuten nach dem Anguß auf die jeweilige Stirnfläche zu einem sich selbst tragenden bei Raumtemperatur bereits mechanisch belastbaren Ring angehärtet ist, nach dem die angehärteten Ringe derselben Wicklung jeweils gleichzeitig bei 100°C bis 140°C ausgehärtet werden, so daß sie auch bei erhöhter Temperatur mechanisch belastbar sind und
- nach dem die ausgehärteten Ringe beim betriebsmäßigen Überschreiten der Aushärtetemperatur durch Anhebung der Glasübergangstemperatur (Glasumwandlungstemperatur) nachhärten.
- after which a known solvent-free mixture of polyepoxy resins and polyisocyanate resins is used as casting resin,
- after this mixture has been hardened by adding a reaction accelerator at room temperature within a few minutes after the sprue onto the respective end face to form a self-supporting ring that is already mechanically loadable at room temperature, after which the hardened rings of the same winding are each simultaneously at 100 ° C. to 140 ° C are cured so that they are mechanically resilient even at elevated temperatures and
- after which the hardened rings harden when the hardening temperature is exceeded by increasing the glass transition temperature (glass transition temperature).
Nach zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dient als Reaktionsbeschleuniger ein N.N-Dimethylbenzylamin (DMBA) und verbleibt die Wicklung während der Angüsse noch auf dem Wickelkern, während die Aushärtung bei 100°C bis 140°C erst nach Abnahme der Wicklung vom Wickelkern erfolgt.According to expedient embodiments of the method according to the invention, an N.N-dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) serves as the reaction accelerator and the winding remains on the winding core during the sprueings, while curing at 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. takes place only after the winding has been removed from the winding core.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Aushärtetemperatur bei einem zu Prüfzwecken erfolgenden Warmlauf des Transformators überschritten und dadurch gleichzeitig die Glasübergangstemperatur angehoben.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the curing temperature is exceeded during a warm-up of the transformer for test purposes and the glass transition temperature is thereby increased at the same time.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist sehr vorteilhaft, weil es trotz der zeitlich nacheinander erfolgenden Angüsse ein praktisch kontinuierliches Arbeiten an der jeweils behandelten Wicklung ermöglicht und weil es darüber hinaus die Herstellung sehr temperaturfester Angüsse gewährleistet.The method according to the invention is very advantageous because, in spite of the gates taking place in succession, it enables practically continuous work on the winding being treated in each case and because it also ensures the production of very temperature-resistant gates.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für den Einsatz von nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Unterspannungswicklungen wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:
- Fig. 1 Ansicht und Halbschnitt von einem Gießharztransformator und
- Fig. 2 die Einzelheit A hieraus in stark vergrößertem Maßstab.
- Fig. 1 View and half section of a cast resin transformer and
- Fig. 2 shows the detail A from it on a greatly enlarged scale.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in beiden Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in both figures.
Ein aus Blechlamellen zusammengesetzter Eisenkern 1 mit Jochen 2 wird durch Bandagen 3 zusammengehalten, die Joche 2 werden außerdem durch Jochpreßbalken 4 zusammengehalten, die gleichzeitig axiale Einspannkräfte einer Unterspannungswicklung 5 sowie einer Oberspannungswicklung 6 auf an den Eisenkern anliegende Zugdeckplatten 7 übertragen. Die Jochpreßbalken 4 am unteren Joch 6 tragen Winkel 8, die Teil eines Fahrgestelles 9 mit Rollen 10 sind.An
Die Unterspannungswicklung 5 und die Oberspannungswicklung 6 sind zwischen ihnen gemeinsamen Preßklötzen 11 eingespannt, wobei die erforderliche Spannkraft durch sich am an dem oberen Joch 2 abstützende Preßelemente 13 eingestellt ist. Die Preßklötze 11 sind mit elastischen Auflagen 12 versehen, die gleichzeitig Fertigungstoleranzen der Unterspannungswicklung 5 sowie der Oberspannungswicklung 6 ausgleichen und die letzteren schwingungstechnisch von dem Eisenkern 1 und den Jochen 2 entkoppeln.The undervoltage winding 5 and the high-voltage winding 6 are clamped between them
Die Oberspannungswicklung 6 ist vollständig in Gießharz eingehüllt und besteht aus elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Spulen. Die Oberspannungswicklungen 6 der drei Phasen des gleichen Transformators sind durch Schaltleisten 14, vorzugsweise in einer Dreieckschaltung, miteinander verbunden.The high-voltage winding 6 is completely encased in casting resin and consists of coils electrically connected in series. The high-voltage windings 6 of the three phases of the same transformer are connected to one another by switching
Die Unterspannungswicklung 5 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem spiralig aufgewickelten Bandwerkstoff 15, dessen Breite annähernd gleich der Länge der Schenkel in Achsrichtung ist. Zur elektrischen Isolierung der aufeinanderliegenden Windungen dient eine Prepregfolie 16, die etwas breiter ist als der Bandwerkstoff 15 und demzufolge an beiden Enden des Wickels in Achsrichtung etwas vorsteht.The undervoltage winding 5 consists essentially of a spirally wound strip material 15, the width of which is approximately equal to the length of the legs in the axial direction. A
Nach dem gleichzeitigen Aufwickeln des Bandwerkstoffes 15 und der Prepregfolie 16 und vor dem Abnehmen des hiervon gebildeten Wickels von einem nicht dargestellten Wickelträger wird an die ringförmigen Stirnseiten der Unterspannungswicklung 5 je ein Anguß 17 aus Gießharz angegossen. Jeder dieser Angüsse 17 versiegelt die von ihm abgedeckte Wicklungsstirnfläche und schützt gleichzeitig die von ihm umhüllten Ränder der Prepregfolie 16 vor mechanischen Beschädigungen. Als Form für die Angüsse dienen Vergußstreifen, die mit der ersten und letzten Windung einlaufen, wobei bei senkrecht stehender Wickelachse von oben zunächst ein Anguß 17 und nach dessen Erstarren nach dem Umdrehen des Wickels der zweite Anguß 17 wiederum von oben gegossen sind.After the simultaneous winding of the strip material 15 and the
Zur Erzielung auch bei höherer Betriebstemperatur nicht rißanfälliger Angüsse 17 ist dabei als Gießharz ein Gemisch aus Polyepoxydharzen und Isocyanatharzen verwendet. Dieses Gemisch erstarrt durch Zugabe eines Reaktionsbeschleunigers, beispielsweise N.N-Dimethylbenzylamin (DMBA), bei Raumtemperatur in kurzer Zeit so weit, daß es bei Raumtemperatur mindestens mit dem Gewicht der Unterspannungswicklung 5 mechanisch belastbar ist. Der Wickel aus dem Bandwerkstoff 15 und der Prepregfolie 16 kann daher schon kurze Zeit nach dem Herstellen des ersten Angusses 17 zum Gießen des zweiten Angusses 17 umgedreht werden.In order to achieve
Mit diesem kalt anhärtenden Gießharz lassen sich jedoch auch andere mechanisch und thermisch stark beanspruchte Teile von Trockentransformatoren vergießen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Teile, für die aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen ein konventioneller Vakuumverguß mit einem Ausgelieren bei erhöhter Temperatur nicht möglich oder unwirtschaftlich ist.This cold-curing casting resin can also be used to cast other parts of dry transformers that are subject to high mechanical and thermal stress. This applies in particular to parts for which a conventional vacuum casting with gelling at elevated temperature is not possible or uneconomical for manufacturing reasons.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85105657T ATE31126T1 (en) | 1984-05-21 | 1985-05-08 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AN UNDERVOLTAGE WINDING FOR TRANSFORMERS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3418823 | 1984-05-21 | ||
DE3418823 | 1984-05-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0165435A1 EP0165435A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
EP0165435B1 true EP0165435B1 (en) | 1987-11-25 |
Family
ID=6236421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85105657A Expired EP0165435B1 (en) | 1984-05-21 | 1985-05-08 | Method for manufacturing a low tension coil for transformers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0165435B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE31126T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8502366A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3561089D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103077820A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 湖南广信电工科技有限公司 | Production process of coiling type pressure-regulating oblique end ring |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT239369B (en) * | 1963-04-11 | 1965-04-12 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of objects, in particular the insulation of electrical machines, devices or apparatus, by casting or impregnating with material systems capable of polymerization or polyaddition reactions |
DE1540133A1 (en) * | 1965-12-21 | 1969-12-11 | Licentia Gmbh | Use of an insulating material composed of two strips for the production of winding insulation, in particular of high-voltage coils |
JPS54157201A (en) * | 1978-06-02 | 1979-12-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Wire manufacturing method for electric machine |
DE3323154A1 (en) * | 1983-06-27 | 1985-01-03 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD FOR IMPREGNATING AND EMBEDDING ELECTRICAL WINDINGS |
-
1985
- 1985-05-08 AT AT85105657T patent/ATE31126T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-05-08 DE DE8585105657T patent/DE3561089D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-08 EP EP85105657A patent/EP0165435B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-20 BR BR8502366A patent/BR8502366A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103077820A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 湖南广信电工科技有限公司 | Production process of coiling type pressure-regulating oblique end ring |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE31126T1 (en) | 1987-12-15 |
EP0165435A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
BR8502366A (en) | 1986-01-21 |
DE3561089D1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
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