EP0159960A1 - Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube - Google Patents

Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0159960A1
EP0159960A1 EP85730051A EP85730051A EP0159960A1 EP 0159960 A1 EP0159960 A1 EP 0159960A1 EP 85730051 A EP85730051 A EP 85730051A EP 85730051 A EP85730051 A EP 85730051A EP 0159960 A1 EP0159960 A1 EP 0159960A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
extension piece
drive
stop
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85730051A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0159960B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Steinemer (Fh)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0159960A1 publication Critical patent/EP0159960A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0159960B1 publication Critical patent/EP0159960B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6665—Details concerning the mounting or supporting of the individual vacuum bottles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6667—Details concerning lever type driving rod arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum switching device with a drive device for switching on and off at least one vacuum interrupter, and with a spring supported at one end on the movable connecting bolt of the interrupter, which is connected at its other end to a drive lever of the drive device which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing. the relative movement between the connecting bolt and the drive lever in the switch-off direction is limited by a stop.
  • a vacuum switching device of this type has become known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,099,039.
  • the spring acting on the connecting bolt of the vacuum interrupter serves here as a contact force spring.
  • the drive device applies all the forces which are required for moving all the elements involved in the switching process and overcomes the biasing force of the contact force spring in order to generate the required contact force between the interacting contact pieces of the switching tube. In this state, the drive device is latched.
  • a separate switch-off force accumulator is discharged, the contact force spring supporting the switch-off process until the contact pieces are electrically isolated.
  • a three-pole switching device has at least five springs, namely a closing spring, a closing spring and three contact force springs.
  • the closing spring and the closing spring are generally located in a drive box, while the contact force springs are arranged in the vicinity of each switching tube or in the course of the drive rod belonging to each switching tube.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the effort for the extensive spring arrangement described and at the same time to improve the operation of the switch.
  • this object is achieved in a vacuum switching device of the type mentioned in that the stop is connected to the connecting bolt and that the spring and the stop on the drive lever attack with respect to its pivot bearing with different long lever arms, the lever arm of the spring being so larger is dimensioned as the lever arm of the stop that the connection bolt is acted upon in the off position with at least one opening force which cancels the switch-on force caused by the surrounding air pressure.
  • the spring takes on both the function of a contact force spring and an opening spring. The switching spring that was previously required and common to several switching tubes can therefore be dispensed with. This leads to a simplification and downsizing of the drive box.
  • Another advantageous property of the new spring arrangement is that the load direction that always occurs in the previous drive devices There is no need to switch between each switching tube and the drive because the drive linkage is always loaded in the same direction and tolerances on bearings and joints cannot therefore result in a dead gear. In this way, an area of indifferent contact contact is eliminated in which the contact pieces are in contact with one another without contact force and can therefore weld to one another.
  • the switching tube is provided with an extension piece of the connecting bolt and a rotary bearing of the drive lever arranged laterally therefrom
  • the invention can advantageously be implemented in such a way that the drive lever has a length that extends beyond the stop attached to the extension piece and is provided at its end with an abutment for the spring designed as a tension spring or compression spring, for the other end of which an abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.
  • new parts are not required in principle, but only a new design of existing parts.
  • the drive lever has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and cooperates with the stop attached to the extension piece, and also has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and extends over the extension piece extends and forms an abutment of the spring designed as a compression spring, while the other abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.
  • the invention can thus advantageously be carried out both with a compression spring or with a tension spring. It depends depends on the required characteristics of the spring, the space available and similar practical considerations, which type of spring is cheaper.
  • FIG. 1 shows a three-pole vacuum switching device with a view of the switching tubes arranged next to one another.
  • FIG. 2 the vacuum switching device of FIG. 1 is shown in a side view.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 Two further embodiments of a switching tube drive with compression springs instead of tension springs are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the vacuum switching device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a three-pole circuit breaker for the medium-voltage range with three switching tubes 2 arranged parallel to one another. These are each arranged between a head piece 3 and a drive base 4, which are fastened to mounting rails 6 by means of the same support insulators 5, which are connected in parallel are attached to each other on a drive box 7 -
  • the drive base 4 assigned to each switching tube 2 contains a drive arrangement to be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, which is provided for all three poles of the switching device 1 by means of a coupling rod 10 with the ones located in the drive box 7 common drive parts is connected.
  • a switching tube 15 is shown schematically in section.
  • the switching tube 15 has a fixed contact piece 16 with a connecting bolt 17, which is clamped stationary in a manner not shown, for example by means of a head piece 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a movable switching piece 18 interacts, the connecting bolt 20 of which is vacuum-tight in a known manner by means of a bellows 21 Housing of the switching tube 15 is led out.
  • An extension piece 22 is connected to the connecting bolt 20 and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the contact piece arrangement of the switching tube 15.
  • the pivot bearing formed by a bolt 23, of a drive lever 24, on one leg 25 of which a coupling rod 26 acts in an articulated manner, which corresponds to the coupling rod 10 'in FIGS. 1 and 2 and how this serves to transmit the starting force.
  • Another, approximately perpendicular to the leg 25 leg 27 of the drive lever 24 extends to the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 and is formed at its end as an abutment of a tension spring 30.
  • the opposite end of this tension spring engages an angled portion 31 of the extension piece 22, which also extends to the side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 opposite the bearing pin 23.
  • the extension piece 22 is provided with a stop 32 designed as a bolt for the lever arm 27 of the drive lever 24.
  • 3 shows the arrangement in the switched-on state. This is brought about by the fact that the coupling rod 26 is moved in the direction of arrow 33 by means of the drive device (not shown) and the drive lever 24 is pivoted clockwise about the bolt 23.
  • the tension spring 30 is thereby tensioned and transmits its tensile force via the extension piece 22 to the movable connecting bolt 20.
  • the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is raised from the stop 32 in the switched-on state. As can be seen, the tension spring 30 determines that between the contact pieces 16 and 18 occurring contact force.
  • the coupling rod 26 is latched in the switched-on position by a mechanism which is common in switching devices and is therefore not shown.
  • a denotes the lever arm of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 with respect to the stop 32
  • b denotes the lever arm of the leg 27 with respect to the abutment of the tension spring 30
  • F denotes the force of the tension spring 30 in the switch-off position shown.
  • This opening force is reduced by the force F2, which is equal to the spring force F.
  • the force F2 which is equal to the spring force F.
  • the force Fl is sufficiently greater than the force F2 to overcome the closing force caused by the surrounding air pressure.
  • the spring 30 thus serves both as a contact force spring and as a switch-off spring and replaces the previously common switch-off spring that is common to several poles of a switching device.
  • the lever ratio b / a is not or not yet effective, since here the leg 27 is not yet in contact with the stop 32 or no force is transmitted yet.
  • the contact force is approximately equal to the force of the tensioned tension spring 30, while in FIG. 4 the contact force also corresponds to the spring force, which, however, is also reduced due to the reduced tension of the tension spring 30.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which a compression spring 35 is provided instead of the tension spring shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. This is supported with one end as well as the tension spring 30 on a bend 36 of a differently shaped extension piece 37. The opposite end of the compression spring 35, however, rests on an additional leg 40 of a drive lever 41, the rotary bearing 45 of which is arranged in the same way as that of the drive lever 24 in FIGS.
  • the upper leg 42 of the drive lever 41 is only so long that it with the stop 44 of the extension piece 37 can come into contact.
  • the way this arrangement works is due to the fact that the spring 35 acts on the leg 40 of the drive lever 41 with respect to its pivot bearing with a longer lever arm b than on the short leg 42 (a), as it is with reference to FIG. 3 to 5 has been described.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 is based on the use of a compression spring 35 according to FIG. 6 and a drive lever 24 according to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the extension piece 50 is designed differently, which, as in FIG. 6, already carries a development 53 just below the stop 51 on the side of the longitudinal axis of the connecting bolt 20 facing away from the rotary bearing 23 of the drive lever 24.
  • the compression spring 35 is supported, according to the example according to FIG. 6, with one end on the development 53, but with its other end on a spring plate 54 which is articulated at the lower end of one at the end of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 Drawbar 55 is located.
  • the mode of operation of this arrangement corresponds to the previously explained exemplary embodiments on the basis of the lever arms a and b likewise entered in FIG. 7.
  • both the contact force and the switch-off force are generated by a tension or compression spring on each switching tube.
  • the lever arrangement described works without a change of load direction and thus without any dead gear in the drive, so that an area of indifferent contact contact in which the contact force with the risk of welding is almost zero , practically does not occur.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Vakuumschaltgerät besitzt eine Antriebsvorrichtung für mindestens eine Schaltröhre (15), deren beweglicher Anschlussbolzen (20) durch einen um ein Drehlager(23) schwenkbaren Antriebshebel (24) unter Zwischenschaltung einer Feder (30) zum Öffnen und Schliessen der Kontaktstükke (16, 18) bewegbar ist. Die Feder (30) dient beim Einschalten zur Erzeugung der Kontaktkraft und speichert in dieser Stellung die Ausschaltkraft. Diese wird durch einen Schenkel (27) des Antriebshebels (24) über einen Anschlagbolzen (32) an einem Verlängerungsstück (22) des bewegbaren Anschlussbolzens (20) mit einem Hebelarm (b) übertragen. Im Sinn des Einschaltens wirkt die Feder (30) um das Drehlager (23) mit einem gegenüber dem Hebelarm (b) kleineren Hebelarm (a). Aufgrund des Hebelverhältnisses b/a wird die vom Luftdruck hervorgerufene, in Schliessrichtung wirkende Kraft überwunden.A vacuum switching device has a drive device for at least one switching tube (15), the movable connecting bolt (20) of which is driven by a drive lever (24) which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing (23) with the interposition of a spring (30) for opening and closing the contact pieces (16, 18) is movable. The spring (30) is used to generate the contact force when switched on and stores the switch-off force in this position. This is transmitted through a leg (27) of the drive lever (24) via a stop bolt (32) on an extension piece (22) of the movable connecting bolt (20) with a lever arm (b). In the sense of switching on, the spring (30) acts around the pivot bearing (23) with a lever arm (a) that is smaller than the lever arm (b). Due to the leverage ratio b / a, the force generated by the air pressure and acting in the closing direction is overcome.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Vakuumschaltgerät mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten mindestens einer Vakuumschaltröhre, sowie mit einer an ihrem einen Ende an dem beweglichen Anschlußbolzen der Schaltröhre abgestützten Feder, die an ihrem anderen Ende mit einem um ein Drehlager schwenkbaren Antriebshebel der Antriebsvorrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Anschlußbolzen und dem Antriebshebel in Ausschaltrichtung durch einen Anschlag begrenzt ist.The invention relates to a vacuum switching device with a drive device for switching on and off at least one vacuum interrupter, and with a spring supported at one end on the movable connecting bolt of the interrupter, which is connected at its other end to a drive lever of the drive device which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing. the relative movement between the connecting bolt and the drive lever in the switch-off direction is limited by a stop.

Ein Vakuumschaltgerät dieser Art ist beispielsweise durch die US-PS 4 099 039 bekannt geworden. Die an dem Anschlußbolzen der Vakuumschaltröhre angreifende Feder dient hierbei als Kontaktkraftfeder. Beim Einschalten des Vakuumschaltgerätes bringt die Antriebsvorrichtung alle Kräfte auf, die zur Bewegung sämtlicher an dem Schaltvorgang beteiligter Elemente benötigt werden und überwindet dabei die Vorspannkraft der Kontaktkraftfeder, um zwischen den zusammenwirkenden Kontaktstücken der Schaltröhre die erforderliche Kontaktkraft zu erzeugen. In diesem Zustand wird die Antriebsvorrichtung verklinkt. Zum Ausschalten des Vakuumschaltgerätes wird ein gesonderter Ausschaltkraftspeicher entladen, wobei die Kontaktkraftfeder den Ausschaltvorgang bis zur galvanischen Trennung der Schaltstücke unterstützt.A vacuum switching device of this type has become known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,099,039. The spring acting on the connecting bolt of the vacuum interrupter serves here as a contact force spring. When the vacuum switching device is switched on, the drive device applies all the forces which are required for moving all the elements involved in the switching process and overcomes the biasing force of the contact force spring in order to generate the required contact force between the interacting contact pieces of the switching tube. In this state, the drive device is latched. To switch off the vacuum switching device, a separate switch-off force accumulator is discharged, the contact force spring supporting the switch-off process until the contact pieces are electrically isolated.

Bei mehrpoligen Schaltgeräten sind im allgemeinen für alle Schaltröhren gemeinsame Kraftspeicher zum Ein-und Ausschalten vorgesehen, die über eine den Polen bzw. Schaltröhren gemeinsame Schalterwelle wirken. Dagegen benötigt jede Schaltröhre eine gesonderte Kontaktkraftfeder. Ein dreipoliges Schaltgerät besitzt infolgedessen wenigstens fünf Federn, nämlich eine Einschaltfeder, eine Ausschaltfeder und drei Kontaktkraftfedern. Von diesen befinden sich die Einschaltfeder und die Ausschaltfeder im allgemeinen in einem Antriebskasten, während die Kontaktkraftfedern in der Nähe jeder Schaltröhre oder im Zuge der zu jeder Schaltröhre gehörenden Antriebsstange angeordnet sind.In the case of multi-pole switching devices, common energy stores for and switching off are provided, which act via a switch shaft common to the poles or switching tubes. In contrast, each switching tube requires a separate contact force spring. As a result, a three-pole switching device has at least five springs, namely a closing spring, a closing spring and three contact force springs. Of these, the closing spring and the closing spring are generally located in a drive box, while the contact force springs are arranged in the vicinity of each switching tube or in the course of the drive rod belonging to each switching tube.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufwand für die beschriebene umfangreiche Federanordnung zu verringern und zugleich die Arbeitsweise des Schalters zu verbessern. Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Vakuumschaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß der Anschlag mit dem Anschlußbolzen verbunden ist und daß die Feder und der Anschlag an dem Antriebshebel bezüglich seines Drehlagers mit unterschiedliche langen Hebelarmen angreifen, wobei der Hebelarm der Feder derart größer bemessen ist als der Hebelarm des Anschlages, daß der Anschlußbolzen in der Ausschaltstellung mit mindestens einer die von dem umgebenden Luftdruck hervorgerufenen Einschaltkraft aufhebenden Öffnungskraft beaufschlagt ist. Die Feder übernimmt in dieser Anordnung sowohl die Aufgabe einer Kontaktkraftfeder als auch einer Ausschaltfeder. Die bisher erforderliche, mehreren Schaltröhren gemeinsame Ausschaltfeder kann daher entfallen. Dies führt zu einer Vereinfachung und Verkleinerung des Antriebskastens.The invention has for its object to reduce the effort for the extensive spring arrangement described and at the same time to improve the operation of the switch. According to the invention, this object is achieved in a vacuum switching device of the type mentioned in that the stop is connected to the connecting bolt and that the spring and the stop on the drive lever attack with respect to its pivot bearing with different long lever arms, the lever arm of the spring being so larger is dimensioned as the lever arm of the stop that the connection bolt is acted upon in the off position with at least one opening force which cancels the switch-on force caused by the surrounding air pressure. In this arrangement, the spring takes on both the function of a contact force spring and an opening spring. The switching spring that was previously required and common to several switching tubes can therefore be dispensed with. This leads to a simplification and downsizing of the drive box.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Eigenschaft der neuen Federanordnung besteht darin, daß der bei den bisherigen Antriebsvorrichtungen stets auftretende Lastrichtungswechsel zwischen jeder Schaltröhre und dem Antrieb entfällt, weil das Antriebsgestänge stets in derselben Richtung belastet ist und sich deshalb Toleranzen an Lagern und Gelenken nicht als toter Gang auswirken können. Auf diese Weise wird ein Bereich indifferenter Kontaktberührung beseitigt, bei dem die Schaltstücke ohne Kontaktkraft miteinander in Berührung stehen und deshalb miteinander verschweißen können.Another advantageous property of the new spring arrangement is that the load direction that always occurs in the previous drive devices There is no need to switch between each switching tube and the drive because the drive linkage is always loaded in the same direction and tolerances on bearings and joints cannot therefore result in a dead gear. In this way, an area of indifferent contact contact is eliminated in which the contact pieces are in contact with one another without contact force and can therefore weld to one another.

Bei einer Bauart eines Vakuumschaltgerätes, dessen Schaltröhre mit einem Verlängerungsstück des Anschlußbolzens und einem seitlich von diesem angeordneten Drehlager des Antriebshebels versehen ist, kann die Erfindung vorteilhaft in der Weise verwirklicht werden, daß der Antriebshebel eine über den an dem Verlängerungsstück angebrachten Anschlag hinausreichende Länge aufweist und an seinem Ende mit einem Widerlager für die als Zugfeder oder Druckfeder ausgebildete Feder versehen ist, für deren anderes Ende ein Widerlager an dem freien Ende des Verlängerungsstückes angeordnet ist. Zur Ausführung der Erfindung bedarf es somit nicht grundsätzlich neuer Teile, sondern nur einer neuen Gestaltung bereits vorhandener Teile.In a construction of a vacuum switching device, the switching tube is provided with an extension piece of the connecting bolt and a rotary bearing of the drive lever arranged laterally therefrom, the invention can advantageously be implemented in such a way that the drive lever has a length that extends beyond the stop attached to the extension piece and is provided at its end with an abutment for the spring designed as a tension spring or compression spring, for the other end of which an abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece. In order to carry out the invention, new parts are not required in principle, but only a new design of existing parts.

Dies gilt sinngemäß für eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der Antriebshebel einen sich etwa quer zu den Verlängerungsstück erstreckenden und mit dem an dem Verlängerungsstück angebrachten Anschlag zusammenwirkenden Schenkel sowie einen sich gleichfalls etwa quer zu dem Verlängerungsstück erstreckenden Schenkel besitzt, der sich über das Verlängerungsstück hinaus erstreckt und das eine Widerlager der als Druckfeder ausgebildeten Feder bildet, während das andere Widerlager an dem freien Ende des Verlängerungsstückes angeordnet ist.This applies mutatis mutandis to a further embodiment of the invention, in which the drive lever has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and cooperates with the stop attached to the extension piece, and also has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and extends over the extension piece extends and forms an abutment of the spring designed as a compression spring, while the other abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.

Die Erfindung ist somit sowohl mit einer Druckfeder oder mit einer Zugfeder vorteilhaft ausführbar. Es hängt von der verlangten Charakteristik der Feder, dem zur Verfügung stehenden Raum und ähnlichen praktischen Erwägungen ab, welche Federart günstiger ist.The invention can thus advantageously be carried out both with a compression spring or with a tension spring. It depends depends on the required characteristics of the spring, the space available and similar practical considerations, which type of spring is cheaper.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein dreipoliges Vakuumschaltgerät mit Blickrichtung auf die nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltröhren.1 shows a three-pole vacuum switching device with a view of the switching tubes arranged next to one another.

In der Fig. 2 ist das Vakuumschaltgerät der Fig. 1 in der Seitenansicht dargestellt.2, the vacuum switching device of FIG. 1 is shown in a side view.

Die Fig. 3, 4 und 5 zeigen eine Einzelheit des Antriebes einer Schaltröhre in verschiedenen Schaltstellungen.3, 4 and 5 show a detail of the drive of a switching tube in different switching positions.

Zwei weitere Ausführungsformen eines Schaltröhrenantriebs mit Druckfedern anstelle von Zugfedern sind in den Fig. 6 und 7 dargestellt.Two further embodiments of a switching tube drive with compression springs instead of tension springs are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

Das in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Vakuumschaltgerät 1 ist ein dreipoliger Leistungsschalter für den Mittelspannungsbereich mit drei parallel zueinander angeordneten Schaltröhren 2. Diese sind jeweils zwischen einem Kopfstück 3 und einen Antriebssockel 4 angeordnet, die mittels gleicher Stützisolatoren 5 an Tragschienen 6 befestigt sind, die parallel zueinander an einem Antriebskasten 7 angebracht sind- Der jeder Schaltröhre 2 zugeordnete Antriebssockel 4 enthält eine anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 noch näher zu beschreibende Antriebsanordnung, die durch eine Kuppelstange 10 mit den in dem Antriebskasten 7 befindlichen, für alle drei Pole des Schaltgerätes 1 gemeinsamen Antriebsteilen verbunden ist.The vacuum switching device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a three-pole circuit breaker for the medium-voltage range with three switching tubes 2 arranged parallel to one another. These are each arranged between a head piece 3 and a drive base 4, which are fastened to mounting rails 6 by means of the same support insulators 5, which are connected in parallel are attached to each other on a drive box 7 - The drive base 4 assigned to each switching tube 2 contains a drive arrangement to be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, which is provided for all three poles of the switching device 1 by means of a coupling rod 10 with the ones located in the drive box 7 common drive parts is connected.

In den Fig. 3, 4 und 5 ist jeweils schematisch im Schnitt eine Schaltröhre 15 gezeigt. Die Schaltröhre 15 besitzt ein feststehendes Schaltstück 16 mit einem Anschlußbolzen 17, der in nicht näher dargestellter Weise ortsfest eingespannt ist, beispielsweise mittels eines in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Kopfstückes 3. Mit dem Schaltstück 16 wirkt ein bewegliches Schaltstück 18 zusammen, dessen Anschlußbolzen 20 mittels eines Faltenbalges 21 in bekannter Weise vakuumdicht aus dem Gehäuse der Schaltröhre 15 herausgeführt ist. Mit dem Anschlußbolzen 20 ist ein Verlängerungsstück 22 verbunden, das sich im wesentlichen in der Längsrichtung der Schaltstückanordnung der Schaltröhre 15 erstreckt. Seitlich des Verlängerungsstückes 22 befindet sich das durch einen Bolzen 23 gebildete Drehlager eines Antriebshebels 24, an dessen einem Schenkel 25 gelenkig eine Kuppelstange 26 angreift, die der Kuppelstange 10'in den Fig. 1 und 2 entspricht und wie diese zur Übertragung der Einschaltkraft dient. Ein weiterer, etwa rechtwinklig zu dem Schenkel 25 stehender Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 erstreckt sich nach der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Längsachse des Verlängerungsstückes 22 und ist an seinem Ende als Widerlager einer Zugfeder 30 ausgebildet. Das gegenüberliegende Ende dieser Zugfeder greift an einer Abwinklung 31 des Verlängerungsstückes 22 an, die sich gleichfalls nach der dem Lagerbolzen 23 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Längsachse des Verlängerungsstückes 22 erstreckt. Ferner ist das Verlängerungsstück 22 mit einem als Bolzen ausgebildeten Anschlag 32 für den Hebelarm 27 des Antriebshebels 24 versehen. In der Fig. 3 ist die Anordnung im Einschaltzustand gezeigt. Dieser ist dadurch herbeigeführt,daß mittels der nicht gezeigten Antriebsvorrichtung die Kuppelstange 26 in Richtung des Pfeiles 33 bewegt und der Antriebshebel 24 im Uhrzeigersinn um den Bolzen 23 verschwenkt ist. Die Zugfeder 30 ist hierdurch gespannt und überträgt ihre Zugkraft über das Verlängerungsstück 22 auf den beweglichen Anschlußbolzen 20. Der Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 ist im Einschaltzustand von dem Anschlag 32 abgehoben. Wie man erkennt, bestimmt die Zugfeder 30 die zwischen den Schaltstücken 16 und 18 auftretende Kontaktkraft. Die Kuppelstange 26 ist in der Einschaltstellung durch einen bei Schaltgeräten üblichen und daher nicht dargestellten Mechanismus verklinkt.3, 4 and 5, a switching tube 15 is shown schematically in section. The switching tube 15 has a fixed contact piece 16 with a connecting bolt 17, which is clamped stationary in a manner not shown, for example by means of a head piece 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. With the switching piece 16, a movable switching piece 18 interacts, the connecting bolt 20 of which is vacuum-tight in a known manner by means of a bellows 21 Housing of the switching tube 15 is led out. An extension piece 22 is connected to the connecting bolt 20 and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the contact piece arrangement of the switching tube 15. To the side of the extension piece 22 is the pivot bearing, formed by a bolt 23, of a drive lever 24, on one leg 25 of which a coupling rod 26 acts in an articulated manner, which corresponds to the coupling rod 10 'in FIGS. 1 and 2 and how this serves to transmit the starting force. Another, approximately perpendicular to the leg 25 leg 27 of the drive lever 24 extends to the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 and is formed at its end as an abutment of a tension spring 30. The opposite end of this tension spring engages an angled portion 31 of the extension piece 22, which also extends to the side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 opposite the bearing pin 23. Furthermore, the extension piece 22 is provided with a stop 32 designed as a bolt for the lever arm 27 of the drive lever 24. 3 shows the arrangement in the switched-on state. This is brought about by the fact that the coupling rod 26 is moved in the direction of arrow 33 by means of the drive device (not shown) and the drive lever 24 is pivoted clockwise about the bolt 23. The tension spring 30 is thereby tensioned and transmits its tensile force via the extension piece 22 to the movable connecting bolt 20. The leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is raised from the stop 32 in the switched-on state. As can be seen, the tension spring 30 determines that between the contact pieces 16 and 18 occurring contact force. The coupling rod 26 is latched in the switched-on position by a mechanism which is common in switching devices and is therefore not shown.

Zum Ausschalten der Schaltröhre 15 wird die Verklinkung der Kuppelstange 26 gelöst. Der Antriebshebel 24 führt nun unter dem Einfluß der Zugfeder 30 eine Schwenkung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn aus, wobei die Schaltstücke 16 und 18 zunächst miteinander in Berührung bleiben. Dieser Zustand bleibt solange erhalten, bis der Schenkel 27 des Winkelhebels 24 gegen den Anschlag 32 des Verlängerungsstückes 22 trifft. Eine weitere Schwenkung des Antriebshebels 24 ist nur dadurch möglich, daß sich das Verlängerungsstück 22 mit dem beweglichen Anschlußbolzen 20 in Ausschaltrichtung bewegt. Die Anordnung gelangt hierdurch in die in der Fig. 5 gezeigte Endstellung, in der die Schaltstücke 16 und 18 voll geöffnet sind und die Feder 30 ihre kürzeste Länge aufweist. Der Antriebshebel 24 liegt in dieser Stellung mit seinem Schenkel 25 an einem Anschlag 34 an.To switch off the switching tube 15, the latching of the coupling rod 26 is released. The drive lever 24 now performs a counterclockwise rotation under the influence of the tension spring 30, the switching pieces 16 and 18 initially remaining in contact with one another. This state is maintained until the leg 27 of the angle lever 24 hits the stop 32 of the extension piece 22. A further pivoting of the drive lever 24 is only possible in that the extension piece 22 moves with the movable connecting pin 20 in the switch-off direction. The arrangement thereby reaches the end position shown in FIG. 5, in which the switching pieces 16 and 18 are fully open and the spring 30 has its shortest length. In this position, the drive lever 24 bears against a stop 34 with its leg 25.

Für das Zustandekommen der Ausschaltbewegung ist das Verhältnis der wirksamen Hebelarme a und b maßgebend, die in der Fig. 5 eingetragen sind. Hierbei ist mit a der Hebelarm des Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 -bezüglich des Anschlages 32 bezeichnet, während mit b der Hebelarm des Schenkels 27 bezüglich des Widerlagers der Zugfeder 30 bezeichnet ist. Mit F ist die Kraft der Zugfeder 30 in der gezeigten Ausschaltstellung bezeichnet. Sie ruft einerseits an dem Verlängerungsstück 22 durch Anliegen des Schenkels 27 des Antriebshebels 24 an dem Anschlag 32 eine im Sinne des Ausschaltens wirkende Kraft Fl hervor, die der um das Verhältnis der Hebelarme b/a vergrößerten Federkraft F entspricht.The ratio of the effective lever arms a and b, which are entered in FIG. 5, is decisive for the occurrence of the switch-off movement. Here, a denotes the lever arm of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 with respect to the stop 32, while b denotes the lever arm of the leg 27 with respect to the abutment of the tension spring 30. F denotes the force of the tension spring 30 in the switch-off position shown. On the one hand, on the extension piece 22, when the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 bears against the stop 32, it causes a force Fl acting in the sense of switching off, which corresponds to the spring force F increased by the ratio of the lever arms b / a.

Verringert wird diese Ausschaltkraft durch die Kraft F2, die gleich der Federkraft F ist. Wie anhand dieser Beziehungen zu erkennen ist, läßt sich durch geeignete Wahl der Federkraft F und der Hebelarme a und b erreichen, daß die Kraft Fl ausreichend größer als die Kraft F2 ist, um die vom umgebenden Luftdruck hervorgerufene Schließkraft zu überwinden.This opening force is reduced by the force F2, which is equal to the spring force F. As can be seen from these relationships, it can be achieved by a suitable choice of the spring force F and the lever arms a and b that the force Fl is sufficiently greater than the force F2 to overcome the closing force caused by the surrounding air pressure.

Die Feder 30 dient also sowohl als Kontaktkraftfeder als auch als Ausschaltfeder und ersetzt die bisher übliche, für mehrere Pole eines Schaltgerätes gemeinsame Ausschalfeder.The spring 30 thus serves both as a contact force spring and as a switch-off spring and replaces the previously common switch-off spring that is common to several poles of a switching device.

In den Schaltstellungen gemäß den Fig. 3 und 4 ist das Hebelverhältnis b/a nicht bzw. noch nicht wirksam, da hier der Schenkel 27 mit dem Anschlag 32 noch nicht in Berührung steht bzw. noch keine Kraft übertragen wird. Infolgedessen ist in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Einschaltstellung die Kontaktkraft etwa gleich der Kraft der gespannten Zugfeder 30, während in Fig. 4 die Kontaktkraft gleichfalls der Federkraft entspricht, die jedoch infolge der verringerten Spannung der Zugfeder 30 gleichfalls verrringert ist.3 and 4, the lever ratio b / a is not or not yet effective, since here the leg 27 is not yet in contact with the stop 32 or no force is transmitted yet. As a result, in the switch-on position shown in FIG. 3, the contact force is approximately equal to the force of the tensioned tension spring 30, while in FIG. 4 the contact force also corresponds to the spring force, which, however, is also reduced due to the reduced tension of the tension spring 30.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem anstelle der in den Fig. 3 bis 5 gezeigten Zugfeder eine Druckfeder 35 vorgesehen ist. Diese stützt sich mit ihrem einen Ende ebenso wie die Zugfeder 30 an einer Abwinklung 36 eines anders geformten Verlängerungsstückes 37 ab. Das gegenüberliegende Ende der Druckfeder 35 liegt dagegen an einem zusätzlichen Schenkel 40 eines Antriebshebels 41 an, dessen Drehlager 45 ebenso angeordnet ist wie das des Antriebshebels 24 in den Fig. 3 bis 5 und somit etwa im Stoßpunkt von Schenkeln 42 und 43 liegt.FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which a compression spring 35 is provided instead of the tension spring shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. This is supported with one end as well as the tension spring 30 on a bend 36 of a differently shaped extension piece 37. The opposite end of the compression spring 35, however, rests on an additional leg 40 of a drive lever 41, the rotary bearing 45 of which is arranged in the same way as that of the drive lever 24 in FIGS.

Der obere Schenkel 42 des Antri'ebshebels 41 ist nur so lang ausgeführt, daß er mit dem Anschlag 44 des Verlängerungsstückes 37 in Berührung treten kann. Die Wirkungsweise dieser An- ordnung ist aufgrund der Tatsache, daß die Feder 35 an dem Schenkel 40 des Antriebshebels 41 bezüglich seines Drehlagers mit einem längeren Hebelarm b angreift, als an dem kurzen Schenkel 42 (a) sinngemäß dieselbe, wie sie anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 beschrieben wurde.The upper leg 42 of the drive lever 41 is only so long that it with the stop 44 of the extension piece 37 can come into contact. The way this arrangement works is due to the fact that the spring 35 acts on the leg 40 of the drive lever 41 with respect to its pivot bearing with a longer lever arm b than on the short leg 42 (a), as it is with reference to FIG. 3 to 5 has been described.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Fig. 7 geht von der Verwendung einer Druckfeder 35 entsprechend der Fig. 6 und eines Antriebshebels 24 entsprechend den Fig. 3 bis 5 aus. Abweichend ausgeführt ist jedoch das Verlängerungsstück 50, das ähnlich wie in Fig. 6 bereits kurz unterhalb des Anschlages 51 nach der dem Drehlager 23 des Antriebshebels 24 abgewandten Seite der Längsachse des Anschlußbolzens 20 eine Abwicklung 53 trägt. Die Druckfeder 35 stützt sich, entsprechend dem Beispiel gemäß der Fig. 6 mit ihrem einen Ende an der Abwicklung 53 ab, mit ihrem anderem Ende jedoch an einem Federteller 54, der sich am unteren Ende einer am Ende des Schenkels 27 des Antriebshebels 24 gelenkig befestigten Zugstange 55 befindet. Die Wirkungsweise dieser Anordnung stimmt aufgrund der in der Fig. 7 gleichfalls eingetragenen Hebelarme a und b mit den zuvor erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen überein.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 is based on the use of a compression spring 35 according to FIG. 6 and a drive lever 24 according to FIGS. 3 to 5. However, the extension piece 50 is designed differently, which, as in FIG. 6, already carries a development 53 just below the stop 51 on the side of the longitudinal axis of the connecting bolt 20 facing away from the rotary bearing 23 of the drive lever 24. The compression spring 35 is supported, according to the example according to FIG. 6, with one end on the development 53, but with its other end on a spring plate 54 which is articulated at the lower end of one at the end of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 Drawbar 55 is located. The mode of operation of this arrangement corresponds to the previously explained exemplary embodiments on the basis of the lever arms a and b likewise entered in FIG. 7.

Wie man erkennt, werden an jeder Schaltröhre sowohl die Kontaktkraft als such die Ausschaltkraft durch eine Zug- oder Druckfeder erzeugt. Außer der Vereinfachung, daß eine gemeinsame Ausschaltfeder für die Schaltröhren eines mehrpoligen Schaltgerätes entfällt, arbeitet die beschriebene Hebelanordnung ohne Lastrichtungswechsel und damit ohne jeden toten Gang im Antrieb, so daß ein Bereich indifferenter Kontaktberührung, in dem die Kontaktkraft mit der Gefahr der Verschweißung annähernd Null ist, praktisch nicht auftritt.As you can see, both the contact force and the switch-off force are generated by a tension or compression spring on each switching tube. In addition to the simplification that a common switch-off spring for the switching tubes of a multi-pole switching device is omitted, the lever arrangement described works without a change of load direction and thus without any dead gear in the drive, so that an area of indifferent contact contact in which the contact force with the risk of welding is almost zero , practically does not occur.

Claims (3)

1. Vakuumschaltgerät (1) mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten mindestens einer Schaltröhre (2), sowie mit einer an ihrem einen Ende an dem beweglichen Anschlußbolzen (20) der Schaltröhre (15) abgestützten Feder (30), die an ihrem anderen.Ende mit einem um ein Drehlager (23) schwenkbaren Antriebshebel (24) der Antriebsvorrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Anschlußbolzen (20) und dem Antriebshebel (24) in Ausschaltrichtung durch einen Anschlag (32) begrenzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Anschlag (32) mit dem Anschlußbolzen (20) verbunden ist und daß die Feder (30) und der Anschlag (32) an dem Antriebshebel (24) bezüglich seines Drehlagers (23) mit unterschiedlich langen Hebelarmen angreifen, wobei der Hebelarm (b) der Feder (30) derart größer bemessen ist als der Hebelarm (a) des Anschlages (32), daß der Anschlußbolzen (20) in der Ausschaltstellung mit mindestens einer die von dem umgebenden Luftdruck hervorgerufenen Einschaltkraft aufhebenden Öffnungskraft beaufschlagt ist.1. Vacuum switching device (1) with a drive device for switching on and off at least one switching tube (2), as well as with a spring (30) supported at one end on the movable connecting bolt (20) of the switching tube (15), and on the other .End is connected to a drive lever (24) of the drive device which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing (23), the relative movement between the connecting bolt (20) and the drive lever (24) in the switching-off direction being limited by a stop (32), characterized in that the stop (32) is connected to the connecting bolt (20) and that the spring (30) and the stop (32) engage the drive lever (24) with respect to its pivot bearing (23) with lever arms of different lengths, the lever arm (b) the spring (30) is dimensioned larger than the lever arm (a) of the stop (32) in such a way that the connecting bolt (20) in the switched-off position with at least one switch-on force caused by the ambient air pressure lifting opening force is applied. 2. Vakuumschaltgerät nach Anspruch 1, mit einem Verlängerungstück (22) des beweglichen Anschlußbolzens (20) der Schaltröhre (15) und einem seitlich von diesem Verlängerungsstück angeordneten Drehlager (23) des Antriebshebels . (24), dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Antriebshebel (24) eine über den an dem Verlängerungsstück (22) angebrachten Anschlag (32) hinausreichende Länge aufweist (Schenkel 27) und an seinem Ende mit einem Widerlager für die Feder (Zugfeder 30, Druckfeder 35) versehen ist, für deren anderes Ende ein Widerlager an dem freien Ende (Abwinklung 31, 53) des Verlängerungsstückes (22, 50) angeordnet ist.2. Vacuum switching device according to claim 1, with an extension piece (22) of the movable connecting bolt (20) of the switching tube (15) and a rotary bearing (23) of the drive lever arranged laterally from this extension piece. (24), characterized in that the drive lever (24) has a length extending beyond the stop (32) attached to the extension piece (22) (leg 27) and at its end with an abutment for the spring (tension spring 30, compression spring 35 ) is provided, for the other end of which an abutment is arranged on the free end (bend 31, 53) of the extension piece (22, 50). 3. Vakuumschaltgerät nach Anspruch 1 mit einem Verlängerungstück (22) des beweglichen Anschlußbolzen (20) der Schaltröhre (15) und einem seitlich von dem Verlängerungsstück (22) angeordneten Drehlager (23) des Antriebshebels (37), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Antriebshebel (37) einen sich etwa quer zu dem Verlängerungsstück (22) erstreckenden und mit dem an dem Verlängerungsstück angebrachten Anschlag (32) zusammenwirkenden Schenkel (40) sowie einen weiteren, sich ebenfalls etwa quer zu dem Verlängerungsstück (22) erstreckenden Schenkel (36) besitzt, der sich über das Verlängerungsstück (22) hinaus erstreckt und das eine Miderlager der als Druckfeder (35) ausgebildeten Feder bildet, während das andere Widerlager an dem freien Ende (Abwicklung 31) des Verlängerungsstückes (22) angeordnet ist.3. Vacuum switching device according to claim 1 with an extension piece (22) of the movable connecting bolt (20) of the switching tube (15) and a laterally from the extension piece (22) arranged rotary bearing (23) of the drive lever (37), characterized in that the drive lever ( 37) has a leg (40) which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece (22) and interacts with the stop (32) attached to the extension piece, and a further leg (36) which also extends approximately transversely to the extension piece (22), which extends beyond the extension piece (22) and which forms a counter bearing of the spring designed as a compression spring (35), while the other abutment is arranged at the free end (development 31) of the extension piece (22).
EP85730051A 1984-04-12 1985-04-02 Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube Expired EP0159960B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843414016 DE3414016A1 (en) 1984-04-12 1984-04-12 VACUUM SWITCHING DEVICE WITH A DRIVE DEVICE AND WITH A SPRING BASED ON THE MOVABLE CONNECTING PIN OF THE SWITCH TUBES
DE3414016 1984-04-12

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EP0159960A1 true EP0159960A1 (en) 1985-10-30
EP0159960B1 EP0159960B1 (en) 1987-10-14

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EP85730051A Expired EP0159960B1 (en) 1984-04-12 1985-04-02 Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube

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US (1) US4593165A (en)
EP (1) EP0159960B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60230328A (en)
DE (2) DE3414016A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3414016A1 (en) 1985-10-17
EP0159960B1 (en) 1987-10-14
JPH0219569B2 (en) 1990-05-02
JPS60230328A (en) 1985-11-15
DE3560779D1 (en) 1987-11-19
US4593165A (en) 1986-06-03

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