EP0159458B1

EP0159458B1 - Production method for window and door frames wood-metal profiles, and relative profiles obtained with such a method

Info

Publication number: EP0159458B1
Application number: EP84830131A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bruno Candusso
Original assignee: Candusso F LLI Srl Bilicbora
Current assignee: Candusso F LLI Srl Bilicbora
Priority date: 1984-04-26
Filing date: 1984-04-26
Publication date: 1987-06-24
Also published as: ATE27985T1; EP0159458A1; DE3464399D1

Abstract

A method for producing wood-metal profiles or section bars for window and door frames by continuous injecting a binding material (B) into a space between said profiles or section bars (A, C), said method comprising: - using a wood spline (A) with at least one longitudinal slanting groove-milling (3) made on the surface intended for receiving the joint binding material (B); - using a metal profile (C) provided with longitudinal undercut slanting or thickened end tongues on the space intended for receiving said binding material (B); - continuous injecting a binding material (B) into said space; and wherein the contact surface between the binder (B) and the metal profile (C) is not glued for allowing longitudinal sliding and avoiding distorsions; joint between profiles or section bars for forming window and door frames is also carried out by means of grooves for injecting binding material.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing wood-metal profiles or section bars for window and door frames according to the prior-art portion of claim 1., and profiles or section in accordance with the prior-art portion of claim 8.
The invention is particularly suitable for use in producing window and door frames in which a strong, indeformable, durable metal outside structure and a room-warmed, insulating wood inside structure is desired.
At the present state of the art, a number of wood-metal profiles or section bars for window and door frames are known, in which joint between wood and metal is carried out in various ways; examples of pertinent background art documents are:
DE-U-1 885 669 (Schanz Metalbau) wherein said joint is provided by means of synthetic material small blocks (8) which are inserted by pins (9) into the wood profile (3) and wherein each small block (8) fits, sliding longitudinal in free clearance and rabbet adhesion of the surface of one tongue of the metal profile against the wood spline, in the aluminium covering profile (4), the bearing structure of the frame being therefore in this case the wood frame and not the aluminium profile which is only a covering, thus without structural bearing characteristics;
DE-U-7 128 609 (E. Notter) wherein said joint is provided by interposing a plastic binding-adhesive material (27/29) which glues the wood spline (14/16) to an aluminium alloy profile (10/12) by means of tongues, some of which function as rabbet spacers with wood adhering surfaces (42, 46), in this case both wood and metal materials are joined for constituting a single inseparable bearing structure in all directions;
FR-Al-2 371 568 (P. Chou) wherein said joint is provided with adhesion surface rabbets, between an inside bearing metal profile structure (1) and wood covering splines (11) by prepressing on said wood splines (11) elastic plastic material tongues (12) which fit by pressure in the bearing metal profiles or section bars having core struc- turalfunction (1), while the wood splines have only a covering function, not a structural bearing function;
DE-A1-2 736 151 (E. Hueck) wherein said joint between different profiles or section bars is provided by means of undercut tongues with an additional spacing profile (12), with a plastic binding-adhesive material (7, 8) for carrying out a single bearing structure in all directions;
AT-B-345 529 (R. Falkner) wherein said joint between different profiles or section bars (2, 3) is provided by means of tongues with thickened inserting ends (6), without contact surfaces but with a preformed fitting material (5) for carrying out a single bearing structure in all directions; European Patent Application EP-A1-0 053 104 (Matauschek), Int. Class. E 06 B 3/26 published on 02.06.82 in European Bulletin 82/22 describes a joint system between aluminium alloy profile (2/9) by means of longitudinal toothed edged tongues (4) and grooved (6/10) or dovetail (7,8) wood, by means of plastic binding-adhesive material (11) extruded by continuous extruding process machine (5/11).
The drawbacks of the currently used solutions and of the abovementioned prior art. consist essentially in that:

la. either one of the two profiles or section bars is not structurally bearing but has only a covering function (DE-U-1 885 669 (Schanz Metalbau); FR-A1-2 371 568 (P. Chou));
Ila. or they are in a single bearing structure integral for bearing stresses in all directions (DE-U=7 128 609 (E. Notter); DE-A1-2 736 151 (E. Hueck); AT-B-345 529 (R. Falkner); EP-Al-0 053 104 (Matauschek)).

The invention as claimed in claim 1., to 9., is intended to provide a complex integral continuous bearing wood-metal profile as in solution Ila., structurally much more strong than profile of solution la.
Anyhow, the disadvantages of the integral profiles or section bars of the above-mentioned solution Ila. consist mainly in that, being the two materials with different coefficient of expansion, sudden changes of temperature cause same to deform and warp so that window and door frames thus obtained either have sealing defects or might not close for interference.
Furthermore, the above-mentioned prior art metal profiles or section bars:

lb. either are provided with wide contact surfaces of the wood spline (DE-U-1 885 669 (Schanz Metalbau); DE-U-7 128 609 (E. Notter); FR-Al-2 371 568 (P. Chou));
IIb. or are provided with minimum contact surfaces but with additional spacers (DE-A1-2 736 151 (E. Hueck);
IIlb. or are not in contact (AT-B-345 529 (R. Falkner); EP-Al-0 053 104 (Matauschek)), in such case thermal passage is avoided improving insulating effectiveness, but keeping a constant spacing at acceptable tolerance between the two profiles or section bars is difficult, as it is well known to those skilled in the art that in the case of continuous extrusion of binding material (for example when using foamed polyurethane) said material is subjected to shrinkages and variations which finally change thickness.

Further disadvantages result from the difficulty of edge joining in rational manner the 45° cut profiles or section bars for manufacturing the respective frames, therefore said methods still use conventional joint squares.
Further drawbacks consist in the difficulty of carrying out a set of few profiles or section bars suitable for permitting realization of both single and double window and door frames as well as frames provided with window shades.
US-A-4 067 163 (Hetman) discloses a "Thermally insulated and connected window frame member and the method of making the same". This document discloses an improvement in said frames adding a bond preventor or inhibitor such as a fine talcum on the respective surface to be filled with insulating connector plastic material because the previous bond between the resin and the metal frame members is so substantial that upon expansion and contraction of the metal frames due to the temperature changes, the resin was.fractured thereby lending to deterioration and ultimate destruction of the connector member.
DE-A-3 107 810 (Nahr) discloses a similar window frame for a similar connecting device.
AT-B-3 523 66 (Internorm) discloses a similar connecting device for coating surface window frames.
DE-A-1 935 118 (Ferco) discloses a window frame whereby the assembling is realized by metal profile and a covering wooden profile without plastic material interconnection.
GB-A-2 057 037 (Tippmann) discloses "Insulated door and window frames" in which metal profiles and plastic profiles have foaming interconnection with slidable connecting parts to support dismountable elements.
DP-A-0 024 520 (Muhle) discloses a method to realize a twin metal plastic connected frame in not slidable condition.
WO-A-8 100 588 (Heitt) discloses a corner joint system between adjacent frame members by platic injection.
FR-A-2 521 207 (Vallourec) discloses a similar corner joint system. All these devices do not avoid distorsions of the profile by temperature change in a metal-plastic-wood profile and do not realize an integral insulated window frame structure.
A first object of the present invention is to avoid profile distortions assuring at the same time a structural integral bearing resistance of the window and door frame with respect to both materials which constitute said profile, i.e. both wood and metal.
A second object of the invention is to obtain a constant section profile without spacing changes between the two integral wood-metal splines, reducing thermal passage to a minimum and without necessity of intermediate spacers.
A third object of the present invention is to permit 45° cut corner head joint in more effective structural manner.
A fourth object of the invention is to carry out a set of standard profiles or section bars which allow manufacture of both single and double frames as well as frames capable of receiving curtain in the middle thereof.
The whole with the maximum effectiveness of structural strength, solidity of 45° joints included, and maximum insulation effectiveness.
The invention as claimed in claims 1 to 9., is intended to remedy the above-mentioned disadvantages. It solves the problem producing wood-metal profiles or section bars according to the characteristics as claimed in the appended claims.
The advantages offered by this invention are mainly that the profiles or section bars will no longer undergo distorsions due to sudden changes of temperature, they will be of constant section, of highest structural strength and with thermal passage reduced to a minimum, therefore with high degree of insulation; the 45° joints will be strong and easy to make and the standard shaped profiles or section bars will allow carrying out of both single and double frames with possibility of inserting also window shades in the middle thereof.
One way of carrying out the invention is described in detail below with reference to drawings which illustrate some preferred embodiments, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic view with enlarged effect of the distorsion (warping) undergone by the currently-used wood-metal profiles or section bars rigidly welded between them by a binding- glueing agent, because of sudden changes of temperature; Figure 2 is the same view of the distorsion effect due to sudden change of temperature in the wood-metal profile joined with binding not glueing material according to the present invention; Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are sectional views of a set of standard profiles or section bars for carrying out window and door frames according to the present invention; Figure 7 shows an example of window single frame; Figures 8 and 9 are the transversal sectional views with respect to planes A-A and B-B respectively, of Figure 7. Figure 10 is a perspective view of the 45° cut head of a profile with prearranged groove for 90° head joint with other elements for forming window and door frames; Figure 11 is a front view of a joint corner of two profiles or section bars as per Figure 10 with section on plane D-D of Figure 13; Figure 12 is a view taken on the opposite side with section on plane C-C; Figure 13 is a view taken on the outer side with partial section X-X and Y-Y respectively of the two preceding figures; Figure 14 is a sectional partial view on the vertical plane A-A and B-B of a double window frame with possibility of inserting in the middle thereof also a window shade.

According to the above figures the invention provides complex profiles or section bars consisting of a wooden spline (A) joined by means of a binding material (B) to an aluminium alloy profile (C), wherein said aluminium profile is provided with bent tongues with thickened ends for forming undercuts (2), one of said tongues being arrow-head-shaped abuts against the surface of the wooden spline, assuring constant spacing but with minimum contact surface in order to reduce thermal passage (2'), and wherein the joining surface of the wooden spline (A) has longitudinal slanting opposed dovetail notches-milling (3).
According to the invention, joint is made in continuous:

pretreating the contact surface (1) of the metal profile (C) with a release agent, for example by coating with buffer or by spraying grease or silicone or other lubricating or anti-glueing materials or using metal profiles or section bars surface treated against glueing of binding material;
injecting insulating binding material such as foamed polyurethane (B) into the space between the two joined profiles or section bars kept in contact by means of pressure rollers and guides during continuous advancing of filiform battering (2'). The result is that in the differences of thermal expansion between the wood (A) and metal (C) materials, the latter will slide on the not-glued surface (1) of the binder (B) without therfore warping the profile that otherwise would lose linearity.

The profiles or section bars have the shapes as shown in the figures and permit to carry out the illustrated window and door frames. For 45° head joint, a deep 45° "V" notch (4) is made in the wood, said notch extending still 45° "V" shaped but less deep also into the binding material (B) and into the metal profile (C), so that by a head joint a kind of hole (4') is obtained leading to an inner larger pocket in the wood (4) and wherein when heads mate, an injection of quick setting binding material such as binding polyurethane resin (B') is effected.

Claims

1. Method for producing wood-metal profiles or section bars for window and door frames by means of continuous injecting a binding material (B) into a space between said profiles or section bars, using a wooden spline (A) with at least one longitudinal notch-milling (3) made on the surface intended for receiving the joint binding material (B), and using a metal profile (C) provided with longitudinal undercut tongues (3) protruding into the space intended for receiving said binding material (B);

characterised by:

using a wooden spline (A) which has at least one longitudinal slanting notch-milling (3) made in the surface intended for receiving the joint binding material (B);

using a metal profile (C) which is provided with longitudinal undercut slanting or thickened end tongues protruding into the space intended for receiving said binding materials (B);

the metal profile (C) being provided with such a surface (1) and/orthe binding material (B) being of such a composition that said binding material adheres by glueing on the contact surface of the wooden spline (A) but does not adhere to said contact surface (1) of the metal profile (C) and this in such a way that longitudinal sliding between the two respective surfaces is possible in a forced manner, when elongation differences occur under sudden change of temperature, longitudinal sliding of the wooden spline and the binding material with respect to the metal profile is possible without causing distorsions.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said metal profile (C), before being subjected to binding treatment with binding material (B), is treated on said jointing surface (1) with a release agent.

3. A method as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that said release agent is a lubricant.

4. A method as claimed in the preceding claims, characterised in that said release agent is a silicon product.

5. A method as claimed in the preceding claims, comprising continuous injection of binding material (B) on the profiles or section bars to be joined when advancing on the horizontal plane oriented on the longitudinal opening from the bottom upward, characterised in that the respective metal profile is provided, in the joining area with said binding material (B), underneath, with a tongue extending longitudinally and for such a depth as to rabbet against the surface of the wood spline to which it has to be joined (A), so that said longitudinal spacing tongue (2') acts as containing bottom realizing a containing groove within which said injection of binding material (B) from above is carried out.

6. A method as claimed in the preceding claims, characterised in that for head jointing said complex profiles or section bars thus obtained in order to form frames, after 45° cut, an opposed groove is carried out comprising a deeper recess (4) extending with a less deep recess (4') toward the outside surface at one side of the frame for subjecting joint to a successive filling injection of the recess thus obained with a binding material (8').

7. A method as claimed in the preceding claims, characterised in that said injection opening (4') extends toward the side of the metal profile (C).

8. Wood-metal profile or section bar for window and door frames comprising a wooden spline (A) and metal profile (C), the space between said spline and profile being continuously injected with a binding material (B), the wooden spline having at least one longitudinal notch-milling (3) made in the surface intended for receiving the joint binding material and the metal profile being provided with longitudinal undercut tongues protruding into the space intended for receiving said binding material, characterised in that

the wooden spline (A) has at least one longitudinal slanting notch-milling (3);

the metal profile (C) is provided with longitudinal undercut slanting or thickened end tongues whereby one tongue (2') is shaped like an arrow-head and abuts against the surface of the wooden spline;

the metal profile being provided with such a surface (1) and/or the binding material being of such a composition, that said binding material adheres by glueing on the contact surface of the wooden spline (A) but does not adhere to said contact surface (1) of the metal profile (C) and this in such a way that longitudinal sliding between the two respective surfaces is possible in a forced manner, when elongation differences occur under sudden change of temperature, longitudinal sliding of the wooden spline and the binding material with respect to the metal profile is possible without causing distorsions.

9. Window or door frame consisting of a plurality of profiles or section bars in accordance with the claim 8.