EP0156423B1 - Shotguns - Google Patents

Shotguns Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156423B1
EP0156423B1 EP85200330A EP85200330A EP0156423B1 EP 0156423 B1 EP0156423 B1 EP 0156423B1 EP 85200330 A EP85200330 A EP 85200330A EP 85200330 A EP85200330 A EP 85200330A EP 0156423 B1 EP0156423 B1 EP 0156423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
spring
fact
breech
slide bolt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85200330A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0156423A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Martial
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Browning SA
Original Assignee
FN Herstal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FN Herstal SA filed Critical FN Herstal SA
Priority to AT85200330T priority Critical patent/ATE30637T1/en
Publication of EP0156423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0156423A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156423B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
    • F41A3/16—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks
    • F41A3/26—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved hunting weapon of the automatic or semi-automatic type, more particularly a hunting weapon with short recoil barrel in combination with an energy storage system, for example by means of a spring. .
  • FIGS 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 schematically represent the operating principle of the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 6 respectively represent sections along lines II-II of FIG. 1 and VI-VI of FIG. 5.
  • the present invention therefore consists in combining two principles of automatism, in particular the principle with short recoil of the barrel and the principle of storage of the energy of a spring taking its energy in the recoil of the barrel.
  • the weapon according to the invention comprises, inter alia, a floating barrel 1, a carcass 2, a bolt 3, a movable breech 4, a locking pin 5 provided in the breech 4 and passing through the bolt 3 which has a groove 6 forming a ramp for locking, respectively unlocking, the lock, and, between said lock 3 and the axis 5, a spring 7.
  • the hunting weapon according to the invention is presented as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the weapon is locked and ready to fire.
  • the movable breech 4 is located at a distance A from the barrel 1.
  • the barrel 1 As for the barrel 1, it is returned towards the front in the usual manner where it returns to its initial position.
  • the spring 7 also plays a very important role with regard to the delay in opening. Indeed, the compression and the relaxation of the spring 7 are carried out for a period of time sufficient to allow a substantial decrease in the pressure of the chamber and the reduction of the stresses relating thereto on the moving parts during the opening of the armed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

1. Sporting rifle, characterized by the fact that it contains the combination of a short recoil barrel (1) and of an energy storage device for the barrel recoil made of a spring (7).

Description

L'invention concerne une arme de chasse perfectionnée du type automatique ou semi- automatique, plus spécialement une arme de chasse à court recul de canon en combinaison avec un système d'emmagasinage d'énergie, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort.The invention relates to an improved hunting weapon of the automatic or semi-automatic type, more particularly a hunting weapon with short recoil barrel in combination with an energy storage system, for example by means of a spring. .

Il est connu que le problème de l'automatisme de certaines armes à feu a déjà été étudié de façon pratiquement continue, tant en ce qui concerne l'aspect militaire que le domaine du sport.It is known that the problem of the automatism of certain firearms has already been studied on an almost continuous basis, both in the military aspect and in the field of sport.

Si les principes des différents modes connus de fonctionnement automatique sont relativement simples, leur transposition dans la pratique est infiniment plus délicate. Ceci explique en grande partie l'évolution relativement fort lente des armes automatiques, plus spécialement des armes automatiques militaires.If the principles of the various known modes of automatic operation are relatively simple, their transposition into practice is infinitely more delicate. This largely explains the relatively slow evolution of automatic weapons, especially military automatic weapons.

Le problème est encore plus complexe dans le cas de fusils de chasse car, contrairement aux armes de guerre, ils sont appelés à tirer des munitions de puissance très variable. Ceci constitue une contrainte supplémentaire, l'idéal étant, en effet, que l'arme fonctionne de manière irréprochable pour chacune des munitions envisagées et, par conséquent, pour chaque discipline de tir.The problem is even more complex in the case of hunting rifles because, unlike weapons of war, they are called to fire ammunition of very variable power. This constitutes an additional constraint, the ideal being, in fact, that the weapon functions in an irreproachable manner for each of the munitions envisaged and, consequently, for each shooting discipline.

De ce qui précède, résulte qu'il est donc difficile de construire une arme qui tirerait toute la gamme de cartouches dans une configuration unique.From the above, it follows that it is therefore difficult to build a weapon which would fire the whole range of cartridges in a single configuration.

Il s'est néanmoins avéré que le système à court recul de canon constitue le système le plus adéquat et le plus souple, vu qu'il donne des variations de vitesse faibles de pièces mobiles lorsqu'on tire des cartouches de puissance différente.However, it has been found that the short recoil system is the most suitable and flexible system, since it gives small variations in speed of moving parts when cartridges of different power are fired.

On est ainsi parvenu, selon l'invention, à réaliser une arme de chasse perfectionnée dans laquelle le système à court recul de canon est combiné avec un système d'emmagasinage de l'énergie disponible momentanément par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort adéquat prenant son énergie dans le recul du canon.We have thus managed, according to the invention, to produce an improved hunting weapon in which the short recoil barrel system is combined with a system for storing the energy temporarily available via an adequate spring taking its energy in the retreat of the barrel.

Pour mieux faire ressortir les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention, le principe de celle-ci est décrit ci-après avec référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:To better highlight the characteristics and advantages of the invention, the principle thereof is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

les figures 1, 3, 4, 5 et 7 représentent schématiquement le principe de fonctionnement de l'invention;Figures 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 schematically represent the operating principle of the invention;

les figures 2 et 6 représentent, respectivement des coupes selon les lignes II-II de la figure 1 et VI-VI de la figure 5.FIGS. 2 and 6 respectively represent sections along lines II-II of FIG. 1 and VI-VI of FIG. 5.

La présente invention consiste donc à combiner deux principes d'automatisme, notamment le principe à court recul du canon et le principe d'emmagasinage de l'énérgie d'un ressort prenant son énergie dans le recul du canon.The present invention therefore consists in combining two principles of automatism, in particular the principle with short recoil of the barrel and the principle of storage of the energy of a spring taking its energy in the recoil of the barrel.

L'arme selon l'invention comporte, entre autres, un canon flottant 1, une carcasse 2, un verrou 3, une culasse mobile 4, un axe de verrouillage 5 prévu dans la culasse 4 et traversant le verrou 3 lequel présenté une rainure 6 formant rampe de verrouillage, respectivement de déverrouillage, du verrou, et, entre ledit verrou 3 et l'axe 5, un ressort 7.The weapon according to the invention comprises, inter alia, a floating barrel 1, a carcass 2, a bolt 3, a movable breech 4, a locking pin 5 provided in the breech 4 and passing through the bolt 3 which has a groove 6 forming a ramp for locking, respectively unlocking, the lock, and, between said lock 3 and the axis 5, a spring 7.

Le fonctionnement de l'arme susdécrite est illustré dans les dessins.The operation of the above-described weapon is illustrated in the drawings.

Au repos, l'arme de chasse selon l'invention se présente comme illustré à la figure 1. L'arme est verrouillée et prête pour tirer. La culasse mobile 4 se trouve à une distance A du canon 1.At rest, the hunting weapon according to the invention is presented as illustrated in FIG. 1. The weapon is locked and ready to fire. The movable breech 4 is located at a distance A from the barrel 1.

Lorsque le coup est tiré, le canon 1 recule et entraîne avec lui le verrou 3 lequel est, à ce moment, solidaire du canon étant donné qu'il est verrouillé.When the shot is fired, the barrel 1 moves back and carries with it the lock 3 which is, at this moment, secured to the barrel since it is locked.

Par ledit recul du canon 1, le ressort intermédiaire entre le verrou 3 et l'axe de verrouillage 5, est comprimé, d'où emmagasinage d'une certaine quantité d'énergie dans ce ressort 7.By said recoil from the barrel 1, the intermediate spring between the latch 3 and the locking pin 5, is compressed, hence the storage of a certain amount of energy in this spring 7.

Pendant cet emmagasinage d'énergie dans le ressort 7, la culasse 4 reste pratiquement immobile.During this storage of energy in the spring 7, the cylinder head 4 remains practically immobile.

Lorsque le canon 1 a parcouru la distance A il vient en contact avec la culasse 4, tel que représenté à la figure 3, et entraîne dans son mouvement de recul, tel que representé à la figure 4, ladite culasse 4 en lui conférant une certaine accélération.When the barrel 1 has traveled the distance A, it comes into contact with the breech 4, as shown in FIG. 3, and causes in its recoil movement, as represented in FIG. 4, said breech 4 by giving it a certain acceleration.

A partir de cet instant, le canon 1 est freiné par un système amortisseur adéquat, non représenté dans les dessins, et l'énergie emmagasinée par le ressort intermédiaire 7 est restituée à la culasse 4 lors de la détente du ressort 7, ce qui confère à la culasse 4 un regain d'accélération provoquant la désolidarisation du canon flottant 1 et de la culasse 4.From this moment, the barrel 1 is braked by an adequate damping system, not shown in the drawings, and the energy stored by the intermediate spring 7 is returned to the cylinder head 4 when the spring 7 is released, which gives at the breech 4 a renewed acceleration causing the separation of the floating barrel 1 and the breech 4.

En effet, lorsque le jeu entre le canon 1 et la culasse 4 est supérieur à la distance initiale A, l'axe de verrouillage 5 se trouve dans la rampe de déverrouillage 6 du verrou 3, provoquant ainsi la rotation de ce verrou 3 par rapport à la culasse 4, respectivement, par rapport au canon et, par ce fait, le verrou 3 sera libéré du canon lorsque ses tenons 8, connus en soi, sont en face de dégagements correspondants 9, également connus en soi, réalisés dans le canon 1.In fact, when the clearance between the barrel 1 and the breech 4 is greater than the initial distance A, the locking pin 5 is located in the unlocking ramp 6 of the lock 3, thus causing the rotation of this lock 3 relative to to the breech 4, respectively, relative to the barrel and, thereby, the bolt 3 will be released from the barrel when its tenons 8, known per se, are in front of corresponding clearances 9, also known per se, made in the barrel 1.

A partir de ce moment, il y a déverrouillage complet et extraction de la douille D.From this moment, there is complete unlocking and extraction of the socket D.

Quant au canon 1, il est renvoyé vers l'avant de la manière habituelle où il retrouve sa position initiale.As for the barrel 1, it is returned towards the front in the usual manner where it returns to its initial position.

Le ressort 7 joue également un rôle très important en ce qui concerne le retard en ouverture. En effet, la compression et la détente du ressort 7 s'effectuent pendant un laps de temps suffisant pour permettre une diminution substantielle de la pression de la chambre et la diminution des sollicitations y afférentes sur les pièces mobiles lors de l'ouverture de l'arme.The spring 7 also plays a very important role with regard to the delay in opening. Indeed, the compression and the relaxation of the spring 7 are carried out for a period of time sufficient to allow a substantial decrease in the pressure of the chamber and the reduction of the stresses relating thereto on the moving parts during the opening of the armed.

Il est clair, de ce qui précède, que la combinaison d'un système à court recul du canon 1 avec un système qui emmagasinera l'énergie disponible momentanément par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort 7 prenant son énergie dans le recul du canon, présente des avantages considérables.It is clear from the above, that the combination of a short recoil system of the barrel 1 with a system which will store the energy available momentarily via a spring 7 taking its energy in recoil of the barrel, has considerable advantages.

Il va de soi qu'une telle combinaison peut être réalisée sous diverses formes et que l'expression "arme de chasse" utilisée dans la présente doit s'étendre au sens le plus large, c'est-à-dire qu'elle couvre aussi bien les armes de chasse proprement dites que toutes autres armes à feu de sport.It goes without saying that such a combination can be produced in various forms and that the expression "hunting weapon" used herein must extend in the broadest sense, that is to say that it covers both hunting weapons proper and all other sporting firearms.

Claims (5)

1. Sporting rifle, characterized by the fact that it contains the combination of a short recoil barrel (1) and of an energy storage device for the barrel recoil made of a spring (7).
2. Sporting rifle, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the spring (7) is mounted between the breech properly speaking (4) and the slide bolt (3).
3. Sporting rifle, according to one of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the slide bolt (3) is made of a tube closed at its front end where it is equipped with locking means (8), whereby this slide bolt (3) is also equipped in its hollow part, of a locking or unlocking slope (6) cooperating with a locking shaft (5) fastened in the breech (4).
4. Sporting rifle, according to claim 2 or 3 characterized by the fact that the spring (7) is engaged in the hollow part of the slide bolt (3) between the closed front end of the slide bolt (3) and the locking shaft (5).
5. Sporting rifle, according to one of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that. in the locking or waiting condition, a distance (A) is foreseen between the rear end of the barrel (1) and the breech (4).
EP85200330A 1984-03-28 1985-03-07 Shotguns Expired EP0156423B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85200330T ATE30637T1 (en) 1984-03-28 1985-03-07 HUNTING RIFLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2060378 1984-03-28
BE899262A BE899262A (en) 1984-03-28 1984-03-28 IMPROVEMENTS ON HUNTING WEAPONS.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156423A1 EP0156423A1 (en) 1985-10-02
EP0156423B1 true EP0156423B1 (en) 1987-11-04

Family

ID=3865682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85200330A Expired EP0156423B1 (en) 1984-03-28 1985-03-07 Shotguns

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0156423B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE30637T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4028585A (en)
BE (1) BE899262A (en)
DE (1) DE3560926D1 (en)
PT (1) PT80176B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBS20110093A1 (en) 2011-06-23 2012-12-24 Beretta Armi Spa OPERATING SYSTEM FOR FIRE WEAPON

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2633E (en) * 1904-06-03 Carl Axel Theodor Sjoegren Mechanism for using recoil in firearms
FR689758A (en) * 1928-10-12 1930-09-11 Automatic loader with fixed barrel and rigidly locked breech
US3447417A (en) * 1966-03-09 1969-06-03 Benelli Spa Gun with a floating breech bolt
IT1172795B (en) * 1983-05-09 1987-06-18 Benelli Armi Spa CLOSURE WITH ROTARY HEAD AND SHUTTER FOR AUTOMATIC FIREARMS WITH INERTIAL OPERATION USING THE KINETIC ENERGY OF THE RECOIL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3560926D1 (en) 1987-12-10
PT80176A (en) 1985-04-01
ATE30637T1 (en) 1987-11-15
AU4028585A (en) 1985-10-03
BE899262A (en) 1984-09-28
EP0156423A1 (en) 1985-10-02
PT80176B (en) 1987-05-29

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