EP0153113A2 - Thermo-Spritzapparat mit Vorrichtung zur Ionenprobeentnahme - Google Patents

Thermo-Spritzapparat mit Vorrichtung zur Ionenprobeentnahme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0153113A2
EP0153113A2 EP85300876A EP85300876A EP0153113A2 EP 0153113 A2 EP0153113 A2 EP 0153113A2 EP 85300876 A EP85300876 A EP 85300876A EP 85300876 A EP85300876 A EP 85300876A EP 0153113 A2 EP0153113 A2 EP 0153113A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
orifice
ions
voltage gradient
jet stream
ion source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP85300876A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0153113A3 (de
Inventor
William H. Mcfadden
Michael G. Tucker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermo Finnigan LLC
Original Assignee
Finnigan Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Finnigan Corp filed Critical Finnigan Corp
Publication of EP0153113A2 publication Critical patent/EP0153113A2/de
Publication of EP0153113A3 publication Critical patent/EP0153113A3/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
    • H01J49/0468—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components with means for heating or cooling the sample
    • H01J49/049—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components with means for heating or cooling the sample with means for applying heat to desorb the sample; Evaporation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
    • H01J49/0431—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components for liquid samples
    • H01J49/0445—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components for liquid samples with means for introducing as a spray, a jet or an aerosol
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/067—Ion lenses, apertures, skimmers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ion sampling device, and is particularly concerned with improving the ion yield from a thermospray ion source into a mass spectrometer during continuous sampling of the liquid flow from a liquid chromatrograph or other liquid sampling device,
  • Thermospray ion sources for ionizing involatile molecules from a liquid chromatograph for analysis in a mass spectrometer have been described in a number of recent publications; see, for example, Combined Liquid Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer for Involatile Biological Samples, C.R. Blakley, J.C. Carmody and M. L. Vestal, Clinical Chemistry, Vol. 26, No. 10, (1980); and Characterization of Glucuronides with a Thermospray Liquid Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometry Interface: D.J. Liberato, C.C. Fenselau, Marvin. L. Vestal and Alfred L. Yergey, Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 55, No. 11, September 1983,
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical prior art thermospray liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer (TSP/LC/MS) ion sampling device interface.
  • the thermospray source includes a vaporizer assembly 10 which includes heaters 11 to rapidly heat a liquid sample flowing through a vaporizer block 12. The heating causes the volatile liquids to vaporize and form a jet stream 13 including vapor and aerosol, which is projected into a chamber 14 at a high velocity and is pumped away via a pumping line 16 leading to a vacuum pump, not shown.
  • gaseous ions are formed from electrolyte ions and from solvated sample ions. These ions are then drawn into an associated mass spectrometer, not shown, by expansion of the vapor through a small orifice 17 in a plate or sampling cone 18 leading to the associated mass spectrometer.
  • the device With this type of device, only a small fraction, usually less than one percent, of the ions in the vapor are directed into the mass spectrometer.
  • the device can only sample a larger fraction of ions by increasing the diameter or size of the sampling orifice 17 thus imposing abnormally high vacuum pump requirements on the mass spectrometer system communicating with the high pressure region through the orifice.
  • the device is less efficient for sampling of high mass ions than for low mass ions which is contrary to accepted good mass spectrometry practice.
  • thermospray ion sampling device comprising means to direct a high velocity jet stream into a chamber in a chamber block having an orifice therein through which sample ions from the jet stream leave the chamber, characterised by means to provide a voltage gradient across the jet stream adjacent the orifice thereby to direct sample ions from the jet stream to the orifice,
  • the number of ions entering the sampling orifice is greatly increased, and in addition when used with a mass spectrometer the number of high mass ions is increased relative to low mass ions thus greatly improving the quality of the resulting mass spectrum.
  • the device can receive a liquid sample from any liquid sampling system, such as a liquid chromatograph or the effluent from thin layer chromatographic plate, or from any other chromatographic process or from any automatic or manual sampling device that injects a sample in a liquid stream and forms ions for chemical analysis.
  • any liquid sampling system such as a liquid chromatograph or the effluent from thin layer chromatographic plate, or from any other chromatographic process or from any automatic or manual sampling device that injects a sample in a liquid stream and forms ions for chemical analysis.
  • the device has high ion extraction efficiency for all ions and especially for high mass ions from a thermospray ion source that utilizes an electron bombardment process to form ions, in addition to, or exclusive of, the ions formed from electrolyte ions during the thermospray evaporation process.
  • the ions may be formed by electron beam interaction when the solvent is a non-polar normal phase solvent which contains no electrolyte ions and hence only ions from the electron beam interaction and subsequent chemical ion-molecule reactions are present.
  • Said ions may also be formed by electron beam interaction when the solvent is a polar reverse phase solvent containing electrolyte ions and hence the ion plasma is a combination of ions formed by the thermospray process and ions formed by the electron beam interaction and subsequent chemical ion-molecule reactions.
  • the means to provide a voltage gradient can comprise a repeller electrode mounted in the chamber opposite the orifice, by means of which a voltage gradient is formed that directs ions toward the orifice but does not affect the jet stream of neutral particles.
  • Said repeller electrode may be a flat surface, a concave or convex surface, a sharp point or series of points, or any means that provides a voltage gradient across the jet stream at the sampling orifice.
  • thermospray liquid chromatograph interface for use as the ion source for a mass spectrometer.
  • the mass spectrometer can be of any known type.
  • Liquid flow from the chromatograph or liquid sampling device is directed to a vaporizer 21 in the form of a hypodermic tube which may be heated directly by application of a voltage to the ends of the tube.
  • the tube can also be indirectly heated by the transfer of heat from a hot copper block such as in the prior art vaporizer assembly 10 shown in Figure 1,
  • the liquid from the liquid sampling device is usually a polar liquid containing an electrolyte although in a few applications the liquid may be a non-polar liquid without an electrolyte.
  • Heat is carefully applied to the vaporizer 21 so as to cause the liquid in the tube to just reach the vaporization point as it emerges from the tip 22 of the tube.
  • the liquid thus emerges in the form of a spray of very fine droplets which rapidly evaporate in a vacuum chamber 23 and are propelled toward a pumping line 24.
  • the solution is a polar liquid containing an electrolyte, ions are formed in the process; of droplet evaporation from the ions in the solution or from the solvated ions in the solution.
  • the solution is a non-polar liquid, ions are formed by use of an electron beam impinging on the jet stream through an opening 26 in the chamber 23 located slightly past the tip 22.
  • the ions thus formed are sampled into the mass spectrometer by virtue of expansion of the jet stream as it passes an orifice 27 in a sampling cone 28 which is at a lower pressure.
  • This orifice is the only entrance from the thermospray ion source into electrodes 29 of the mass spectrometer vacuum system and must be kept small so that the large quantity of vapor in the jet stream does not enter the mass spectrometer proper thus destroying the vacuum necessary for mass spectral operation.
  • the ion sampling efficiency will be low and usually less than one percent of the total ions.
  • the repeller electrode 31 may comprise a disc 33, Figure 3, attached to the end of a post 34 mounted in an insulating sleeve 36,
  • the shape and size of the electrode can be selected to optimize the operation for a particular thermospray ion source.
  • the sampling cone 28 can be isolated from the chamber block 32 and the repelling voltage applied between the chamber block 32 and the cone 28,
  • Figure 4 shows the cone 28 isolated from the chamber block 32 by insulating material 37 whereby the voltage can be applied directly between the cone 28 and the chamber block 32 rather than between electrode 31 and chamber block 32,
  • a voltage gradient is established opposite the orifice 27 which connects to the masss analyzer to direct ions through the orifice 27 into the analyzer.
  • the efficiency of ion extraction may be increased by programming an increase in the repelling or attracting voltage as the mass spectrometer is scanned to higher masses thus providing an optimum efficiency over a wide mass range.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
EP85300876A 1984-02-10 1985-02-08 Thermo-Spritzapparat mit Vorrichtung zur Ionenprobeentnahme Ceased EP0153113A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57921184A 1984-02-10 1984-02-10
US579211 1995-12-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0153113A2 true EP0153113A2 (de) 1985-08-28
EP0153113A3 EP0153113A3 (de) 1987-09-23

Family

ID=24316012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300876A Ceased EP0153113A3 (de) 1984-02-10 1985-02-08 Thermo-Spritzapparat mit Vorrichtung zur Ionenprobeentnahme

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0153113A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS60237354A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4730111A (en) * 1983-08-30 1988-03-08 Research Corporation Ion vapor source for mass spectrometry of liquids
EP0161744B1 (de) * 1984-02-22 1988-07-06 Vg Instruments Group Limited Massenspektrometer
US4814612A (en) * 1983-08-30 1989-03-21 Research Corporation Method and means for vaporizing liquids for detection or analysis
US4861989A (en) * 1983-08-30 1989-08-29 Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. Ion vapor source for mass spectrometry of liquids
WO1998049710A1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 Masslab Limited Ion source for a mass analyser and method of providing a source of ions for analysis
WO2004034011A2 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-22 Universita' Degli Studi Di Milano Ionization source for mass spectrometry analysis

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3694598B2 (ja) * 1998-10-14 2005-09-14 株式会社日立製作所 大気圧イオン化質量分析装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4160161A (en) * 1978-05-30 1979-07-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer interface

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5291497A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-08-01 Kankiyou Rikagaku Kenkiyuushiy Measuring apparatus for vinyl chloride monomer concentration

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4160161A (en) * 1978-05-30 1979-07-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer interface

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 55, no. 11, September 1983, pages 1741-1744, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC., US; D.J. LIBERATO et al.: "Charaterization of glucuronides with a thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry interface" *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4730111A (en) * 1983-08-30 1988-03-08 Research Corporation Ion vapor source for mass spectrometry of liquids
US4814612A (en) * 1983-08-30 1989-03-21 Research Corporation Method and means for vaporizing liquids for detection or analysis
US4861989A (en) * 1983-08-30 1989-08-29 Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. Ion vapor source for mass spectrometry of liquids
EP0161744B1 (de) * 1984-02-22 1988-07-06 Vg Instruments Group Limited Massenspektrometer
WO1998049710A1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 Masslab Limited Ion source for a mass analyser and method of providing a source of ions for analysis
US6462336B1 (en) 1997-04-29 2002-10-08 Masslab Limited Ion source for a mass analyzer and method of providing a source of ions for analysis
WO2004034011A2 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-22 Universita' Degli Studi Di Milano Ionization source for mass spectrometry analysis
WO2004034011A3 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-07-15 Univ Degli Studi Milano Ionization source for mass spectrometry analysis
US7368728B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2008-05-06 Universita' Degli Studi Di Milano Ionization source for mass spectrometry analysis

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60237354A (ja) 1985-11-26
EP0153113A3 (de) 1987-09-23

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