EP0150348B1 - Ink jet printing head - Google Patents

Ink jet printing head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0150348B1
EP0150348B1 EP84114845A EP84114845A EP0150348B1 EP 0150348 B1 EP0150348 B1 EP 0150348B1 EP 84114845 A EP84114845 A EP 84114845A EP 84114845 A EP84114845 A EP 84114845A EP 0150348 B1 EP0150348 B1 EP 0150348B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piezo
plates
ink
printing head
spacer elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84114845A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0150348A2 (en
EP0150348A3 (en
Inventor
Emmeran Ing. Grad. Vollert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0150348A2 publication Critical patent/EP0150348A2/en
Publication of EP0150348A3 publication Critical patent/EP0150348A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0150348B1 publication Critical patent/EP0150348B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41JTYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01Ink jet
    • B41J2/135Nozzles
    • B41J2/145Arrangement thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41JTYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01Ink jet
    • B41J2/135Nozzles
    • B41J2/14Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/14201Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
    • B41J2002/14306Flow passage between manifold and chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a write head for ink writing devices with piezoelectric drive elements according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the essential operating principle of ink writing devices is based on the fact that under the action of a transducer element, preferably a piezoelectric transducer or drive element, ink is ejected drop by drop from an ejection nozzle.
  • a transducer element preferably a piezoelectric transducer or drive element
  • the piezoelectric drive elements and the ink channels with the outlet openings and the feeds for the ink from a supply system are combined in a so-called write head.
  • the drive elements are in the form of piezo tubes which enclose the ink channels over part of their length. With a suitable control of a piezo tube, its geometric dimension changes and a pressure or shock wave is generated in the interior of the ink channel.
  • the drive element consists of a comb-shaped piezoceramic material, the prongs of which are each arranged in front of an outlet opening.
  • the tines of the piezo comb act like bending vibrators, i.e. H. they move rapidly in the direction of the outlet opening assigned to them and in this way bring about an ejection of droplets.
  • the problems associated with a printhead arranged in this way consist essentially in the fact that special measures must be taken to dampen and limit the effects of secondary speech. These have a disruptive effect especially when operating such a print head.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a writing head for ink writing devices which can be produced without any significant effort, which allows a narrow division of the outlet openings and thus a very large number of outlet openings without the use of a nozzle plate, which ensures safe operation when droplet ejection and at the same time with low Control voltages works.
  • One of the main advantages of the write head according to the invention is the reduction in production costs, since the formation of the ink channel, ink chamber, drive and throttle area, which previously required several successive work steps, is now already achieved by the shape of the piezo drive. Associated with this is the further advantage that only small control voltages are required to control the piezo drives.
  • the advantageous embodiments specified in the subclaims relate to the shaping of the piezoplates used as drive elements and the spacer elements, the control of the drive elements, in particular the contacting and the ink heating.
  • the specified configurations are particularly advantageous with regard to the manufacture of the print heads.
  • FIG. 1 shows in section a write head constructed according to the invention with the details necessary for understanding the invention.
  • Piezo plates 1, which have recesses 2, 3, 4 and 5 shaped in a certain way, are provided as drive elements for droplet ejection.
  • the recess 2 represents the outlet opening of the writing head. It widens, in the example according to FIG. 1 downwards, to the actual ink chamber 3. This is followed by a vera supply 4, which acts as a throttle. Finally, in the lower area, the circular ink supply 5 is provided in the example.
  • the piezoplates 1 designed in this form are each grouped close together by a spacer 6.
  • the spacer elements 6 also have correspondingly shaped openings 7 in the region of the ink supply opening 5.
  • the entirety of the piezoplates 1 and the spacer elements 6 are held in a common block 8.
  • the number of piezo platelets 1 and thus the number of outlet openings 2 of the writing head can be adapted to the requirements that are recently placed on nozzle writing heads. For example, 32 or 48 outlet nozzles are possible without the external dimensions of the write head exceeding the usual size.
  • the two conductor foils 9a and 9b are provided for contacting the piezoplates.
  • the piezo plates 1 are dip-soldered at the corners, for example in packets, via these.
  • the printhead arrangement consisting of the described parts can be surrounded by a cover 10 which is designed in accordance with the desired external shape of the printhead. Both the common block 8 and the outer cover 10 are advantageously plastic parts.
  • the cover 10 has nose-shaped lugs 11, which ensure that the nozzle opening dimensions are observed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of the disk head according to FIG. 1 along the section line AB. It. it can be seen more clearly here that the piezo plates 1 each protrude laterally beyond the spacer elements 6. This enables contacting with the conductor foils 9a and 9b in a simple manner. It can be seen in FIG. 1 that one side of a piezo plate is contacted via the left conductor foil 9a and the other side is contacted via the right conductor foil 9b.
  • a write head shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is as follows. With a corresponding activation of a piezo plate 1 via the connections 9a and 9b, depending on the direction of polarization of the piezo material and the polarity of the activation pulse, either an expansion or a contraction of the regions determined by the recesses occurs. In particular, the changes in shape of the piezo material have an effect in the area of the ink chamber 3.
  • droplet ejection occurs as follows. Starting from a state of rest, during which the outlet opening 2 is either completely or almost closed, the expansion phase is initiated with a control pulse of appropriate polarity. The areas 2, 3, 4 and 5 expand in the process.
  • the change in the thickness or thickness of the piezoplates associated with a change in shape of the piezoplates is completely or largely absorbed by the elasticity of the spacer elements. This supports the suction process during the expansion phase and the exhaust process during the contraction phase. Since the arrangement has only short paths, in particular there are no long ink channels, there are no additional flow resistances. This means that you can work with significantly lower control voltages.
  • Spacers made of hard, conductive and elastic, non-conductive material can be used alternately as spacer elements which separate the individual piezoplates.
  • Fig. 3 shows a corresponding arrangement. This is a sectional view along the section line AB in FIG. 1.
  • the piezoplates 1 are each separated by non-conductive spacer elements 6 and by conductive spacer elements 6a.
  • the contact surfaces of two piezoplates are controlled jointly via the conductive spacer elements 6a. In the example, this is done via the conductor foil 9a.
  • the respective other contact surface of the piezoplates 1 is contacted via the second conductor film, in the example via the conductor film 9b.
  • the successive piezoplates 1 each have directions of polarization rotated by 180 °.
  • the conductive spacer elements 6a which are, for example, metal platelets, also serve to conduct heat in order to keep the ink temperature constant. At the same time, the contacting effort is reduced.
  • the spacer elements are constructed in a sandwich-like manner. 4 shows an example of this.
  • the conductive metal layer 6c of a spacer element also serves as a pressure wave-inhibiting material for contacting and as a heat exchanger.
  • the non-conductive material 6b of a spacer element serves to absorb the pressure waves. This structure is associated with a significant reduction in crosstalk.
  • the recesses in the piezoplates have straight cutting edges.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 An example of this is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • a piezoplate 13 is shown in FIG. 5 and a spacer element 14 in FIG. 6.
  • the advantage of this configuration lies above all in the simple manufacture of the piezo drives, since the recesses in the individual piezo platelets 13 have straight cutting edges, which make z. B. allow in an automated cutting process.
  • the construction of a print head with the Art designed piezo plate 13 and spacer elements 14 is done in the manner described with reference to FIG. 1. By alternately joining them together, a multiplicity of ink chambers 3 are formed, each of which is connected to an outlet opening 2 and to a throttle region 4.
  • the ink chambers 3 are supplied with ink from an ink reservoir (not shown here) via the common ink channel 5, 7.
  • the unit formed from the piezoplates 13 and the spacer elements 14 is contacted via conductor foils and held in a common block.
  • the mode of operation reference is also made to the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a piezo plate as the piezo drive element, in which the recesses are arranged only on one side, and in which the areas forming the outlet opening, the ink chamber, the throttle channel and the ink supply channel, on the one hand through the recesses, the piezo plates and on the other hand, are formed and delimited by a lateral wall of the common block or the outer cover.
  • FIG. 7 An exemplary embodiment of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7.
  • the piezo plates 15 have recesses on one side with straight cut edges, which each form the boundary of the outlet opening 2, the ink chamber 3, the throttle channel 4 and the ink supply channel 5.
  • the respective other limitation is formed here by the wall of block 8.
  • the plate-shaped spacer elements 16 also have recesses with straight cut edges, which together with the corresponding recesses 5 in the piezo plates 15 form the common ink supply.
  • the piezo plates 15 and the spacer elements 16 are firmly connected to one another, the change in shape of the piezo plates which is decisive for droplet ejection largely affects only the areas of the outlet opening 2, the ink chamber 3, the throttle duct 4 and the feed duct 5.
  • Such a connection is indicated in FIG. 7 by the region 18 delimited by the dashed line 17.
  • the piezoplates 15 and the spacing elements 16 are connected in the region 18 by gluing. In this way it is achieved that a deformation of the piezoplates 15 due to corresponding control pulses largely affects only the ink area 3, 4, 5.
  • the piezoplates are contacted on both sides.
  • FIG. 7 An exemplary embodiment of this is also shown in FIG. 7, in which the insulating coating 19, indicated by a dash-dotted line, is applied to the piezoplate 15 along the cut edges delimiting the ink area 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • insulating coating 19 can also be provided on the piezoplates shaped according to the previously described configurations.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the write head within the scope of the invention, which is characterized in that the write head is equipped with an additional device for receiving waste ink.
  • the example shown in FIG. 8 shows the write head already described with reference to FIG. 1 with the reference symbols used there. In this case, the cover 10 is widened somewhat and has a recess, for example for a felt ring 20.
  • the felt ring 20 is preferably fastened in a holder 21 which can be replaced manually if necessary.
  • the top surface of the cover may be slightly beveled in the direction of the felt ring 20.
  • the write head according to the invention can also have devices for heating the ink in the region of the outlet openings or for heating the ink in the entire write head.
  • ink heating can also take place in that a heating plate or heating coil is inserted in the common block.
  • Temperature sensing elements can preferably be arranged in the region of the outlet openings on both sides of the outlet openings.
  • the write head according to the invention is particularly suitable for mass production, since the individual operations required for its manufacture can be easily automated. There is also no need to use a separate nozzle plate arranged in front of the outlet openings of the ink channels, so that there are also significant savings in terms of the number of parts. Furthermore, the problems associated with the production of extremely narrow and very small nozzle openings when casting with resin are also eliminated.

Landscapes

  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schreibkopf für Tintenschreibeinrichtungen mit piezoelektrischen Antriebselementen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a write head for ink writing devices with piezoelectric drive elements according to the preamble of claim 1.

Das wesentliche Funktionsprinzip von Tintenschreibeinrichtungen beruht darauf, daß unter der Einwirkung eines Wandlerelementes, vorzugsweise eines piezoelektrischen Wandler- oder Antriebselements, ein tröpfchenweiser Tintenausstoß aus einer Ausstoßdüse erfolgt. Die piezoelektrischen Antriebselemente und die Tintenkanäle mit den Austrittsöffnungen und den Zuführungen für die Tinte aus einem Versorgungssystem, sind bekanntlich in einem sogenannten Schreibkopf zusammengefaßt. Die Antriebselemente weisen in einem bekannten Schreibkopf die Form von Piezoröhrchen auf, die die Tintenkanäle über einen Teil ihrer Länge umfassen. Bei geeigneter Ansteuerung eines Piezoröhrchens ändert sich dessen geometrische Abmessung und es wird im Inneren des Tintenkanals eine Druck- oder Stoßwelle erzeugt. Diese führt dazu, daß aus der, einem Aufzeichnungsträger gegenüberliegenden Austrittsöffnung des Tintenkanals ein Tintentröpfchen ausgestoßen wird. Die individuelle Ansteuerung einer Vielzahl von derartig angeordneten Antriebselementen in einem Schreibkopf schafft die Möglichkeit, rasterförmig aufgebaute Zeichen in beliebigen Formen darzustellen.The essential operating principle of ink writing devices is based on the fact that under the action of a transducer element, preferably a piezoelectric transducer or drive element, ink is ejected drop by drop from an ejection nozzle. As is known, the piezoelectric drive elements and the ink channels with the outlet openings and the feeds for the ink from a supply system are combined in a so-called write head. In a known writing head, the drive elements are in the form of piezo tubes which enclose the ink channels over part of their length. With a suitable control of a piezo tube, its geometric dimension changes and a pressure or shock wave is generated in the interior of the ink channel. This leads to an ink droplet being ejected from the outlet opening of the ink channel opposite a recording medium. The individual control of a large number of drive elements arranged in this way in a write head makes it possible to display characters of any shape in the form of a grid.

Derartig aufgebaute Schreibköpfe haben sich im praktischen Einsatz sehr gut bewährt. Probleme treten jedoch im Hinblick auf die Herstellung derartiger Schreibköpfe auf. Diese Probleme beruhen im wesentlichen darin, daß die einzelnen Tintenkanäle und die sie umfassenden Piezoröhrchen jeweils sehr exakt montiert, justiert und vergossen werden müssen. Der damit verbundene Aufwand ist beträchtlich. Er nimmt noch zu, wenn die Teilung am einem Aufzeichnungsträger gegenüberliegenden Ende des Schreibkopfes sehr eng gemacht werden muß, um beispielsweise die Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen zu erhöhen. Da nach dem Stande der Technik die Tintenkanäle jeweils durch eine Düsenplatte abgeschlossen sind, deren Öffnungen einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweisen als der Durchmesser eines Tintenkanals, stößt man auch aus technologischen Gründen an eine Grenze.Print heads constructed in this way have proven themselves very well in practical use. However, problems arise with the manufacture of such write heads. These problems are essentially due to the fact that the individual ink channels and the piezo tubes surrounding them each have to be mounted, adjusted and cast very precisely. The effort involved is considerable. It increases when the division at the end of the write head opposite a recording medium has to be made very narrow, for example to increase the number of outlet openings. Since, according to the prior art, the ink channels are each closed off by a nozzle plate, the openings of which have a smaller diameter than the diameter of an ink channel, a limit is also reached for technological reasons.

Unter anderem auch zur Reduzierung dieser Probleme ist es bekannt geworden, als Antriebselemente einen sogenannten Piezokamm zu verwenden. In diesem Falle besteht das Antriebselement aus einem kammartig geformten piezokeramischen Material, dessen Zinken jeweils vor einer Austrittsöffnung angeordnet sind. Die Zinken des Piezokamms wirken bei Ansteuerung wie Biegeschwinger, d. h. sie bewegen sich schnell in Richtung auf die ihnen zugeordnete Austrittsöffnung zu und bewirken auf diese Weise einen Tröpfchenausstoß. Die mit einem derartig angeordneten Schreibkopf verbundenen Probleme bestehen im wesentlichen darin, daß besondere Maßnahmen zur Dämpfung und Begrenzung der Nebenspecheinflüsse vorgesehen werden müssen. Diese wirken sich vor allem im Betrieb eines solchen Schreibkopfes störend aus.To reduce these problems, among other things, it has become known to use a so-called piezo comb as drive elements. In this case, the drive element consists of a comb-shaped piezoceramic material, the prongs of which are each arranged in front of an outlet opening. When actuated, the tines of the piezo comb act like bending vibrators, i.e. H. they move rapidly in the direction of the outlet opening assigned to them and in this way bring about an ejection of droplets. The problems associated with a printhead arranged in this way consist essentially in the fact that special measures must be taken to dampen and limit the effects of secondary speech. These have a disruptive effect especially when operating such a print head.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Schreibkopf für Tintenschreibeinrichtungen anzugeben, der ohne nennenswerten Aufwand herstellbar ist, der ohne Verwendung einer Düsenplatte eine enge Teilung der Austrittsöffnungen und damit eine sehr große Anzahl von Austrittsöffnungen ermöglicht, der eine sichere Arbeitsweise beim Tröpfchenausstoß gewährleistet und zugleich mit niedrigen Ansteuerspannungen arbeitet.The object of the invention is to provide a writing head for ink writing devices which can be produced without any significant effort, which allows a narrow division of the outlet openings and thus a very large number of outlet openings without the use of a nozzle plate, which ensures safe operation when droplet ejection and at the same time with low Control voltages works.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Einer der wesentlichen Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Schreibkopfes ist die Reduzierung des Fertigungsaufwandes, da die bisher mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Arbeitsgänge erfordernde Ausbildung von Tintenkanal, Tintenkammer, Antrieb und Drosselbereich, nunmehr bereits durch die Formgebung des Piezoantriebs erreicht wird. Damit verbunden ist der weitere Vorteil, daß zur Ansteuerung der Piezoantriebe nur kleine Ansteuerspannungen erforderlich sind.One of the main advantages of the write head according to the invention is the reduction in production costs, since the formation of the ink channel, ink chamber, drive and throttle area, which previously required several successive work steps, is now already achieved by the shape of the piezo drive. Associated with this is the further advantage that only small control voltages are required to control the piezo drives.

Die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen betreffen die Ausformung der als Antriebselemente verwendeten Piezoplättchen und der Abstandselemente, die Ansteuerung der Antriebselemente, insbesondere die Kontaktierung sowie die Tintenheizung. Die angegebenen Ausgestaltungen sind vor allem im Hinblick auf die Herstellung der Schreibköpfe vorteilhaft.The advantageous embodiments specified in the subclaims relate to the shaping of the piezoplates used as drive elements and the spacer elements, the control of the drive elements, in particular the contacting and the ink heating. The specified configurations are particularly advantageous with regard to the manufacture of the print heads.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Dort zeigt

  • Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schreibkopfes,
  • Fig. 2 den Schreibkopf nach Fig. 1 in Schnittdarstellung,
  • Fig. 3 und 4 jeweils ein Detail der Abstandselemente,
  • Fig. 5 und 6 ein Beispiel für die Gestaltung der Piezoplättchen und der Abstandselemente,
  • Fig. 7 ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Gestaltung der Piezoplättchen und der Abstandselemente in einem Schreibkopf, und
  • Fig. 8 eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Schreibkopfes nach der Erfindung.
Further details of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. There shows
  • 1 shows a first embodiment of a write head according to the invention,
  • 2 shows the write head of FIG. 1 in a sectional view,
  • 3 and 4 each a detail of the spacer elements,
  • 5 and 6 an example of the design of the piezo plate and the spacer elements,
  • Fig. 7 shows another embodiment for the design of the piezo plate and the spacer elements in a write head, and
  • Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of the write head according to the invention.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 1 zeigt im Schnitt einen erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Schreibkopf mit den zum Verständnis der Erfindung erforderlichen Einzelheiten. Als Antriebselemente für den Tröpfchenausstoß sind die Piezoplättchen 1 vorgesehen, die in bestimmter Weise geformte Ausnehmungen 2, 3, 4 und 5 aufweisen. Die Ausnehmung 2 stellt die Austrittsöffnung des Schreibkopfes dar. Sie erweitert sich, im Beispiel nach Fig. 1 nach unten hin, zu der eigentlichen Tintenkammer 3. Daran schließt sich eine Verengung 4 an, die als Drossel wirkt. Im unteren Bereich ist schließlich die im Beispiel kreisförmig ausgeführte Tintenzuführung 5 vorgesehen. Die in dieser Form gestalteten Piezoplättchen 1 sind jeweils durch ein Abstandselement 6 getrennt eng aneinanderliegend zusammengefaßt. Die Abstandselemente 6 weisen im Bereich der Tintenzufuhröffnung 5 ebenfalls entsprechend geformte Öffnungen 7 auf. Die Gesamtheit der Piezoplättchen 1 und der Abstandselemente 6 sind in einem gemeinsamen Block 8 gehalten. Die Anzahl der Piezoplättchen 1 und damit die Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen 2 des Schreibkopfes kann den Erfordernissen angepaßt werden, die neuerdings an Düsenschreibköpfe gestellt werden. Beispielsweise sind 32 oder 48 Austrittsdüsen möglich, ohne daß der Schreibkopf in seinen äußeren Abmessungen über das übliche Maß hinausgeht.The exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 shows in section a write head constructed according to the invention with the details necessary for understanding the invention. Piezo plates 1, which have recesses 2, 3, 4 and 5 shaped in a certain way, are provided as drive elements for droplet ejection. The recess 2 represents the outlet opening of the writing head. It widens, in the example according to FIG. 1 downwards, to the actual ink chamber 3. This is followed by a vera supply 4, which acts as a throttle. Finally, in the lower area, the circular ink supply 5 is provided in the example. The piezoplates 1 designed in this form are each grouped close together by a spacer 6. The spacer elements 6 also have correspondingly shaped openings 7 in the region of the ink supply opening 5. The entirety of the piezoplates 1 and the spacer elements 6 are held in a common block 8. The number of piezo platelets 1 and thus the number of outlet openings 2 of the writing head can be adapted to the requirements that are recently placed on nozzle writing heads. For example, 32 or 48 outlet nozzles are possible without the external dimensions of the write head exceeding the usual size.

Zur Kontaktierung der Piezoplättchen sind die beiden Leiterfolien 9a und 9b vorgesehen. Über diese sind die Piezoplättchen 1, beispielsweise paketweise, an den Ecken tauchverlötet. Die aus den beschriebenen Teilen bestehende Schreibkopfanordnung kann von einer Abdeckung 10 umgeben sein, die entsprechend der gewünschten äußeren Form des Schreibkopfes ausgebildet ist. Sowohl der gemeinsame Block 8 als auch die äußere Abdeckung 10 sind vorteilhafterweise Kunststoffteile. Im Beispiel weist die Abdeckung 10 nasenförmige Ansätze 11 auf, die sicherstellen, daß die Düsenöffnungsmaße eingehalten werden.The two conductor foils 9a and 9b are provided for contacting the piezoplates. The piezo plates 1 are dip-soldered at the corners, for example in packets, via these. The printhead arrangement consisting of the described parts can be surrounded by a cover 10 which is designed in accordance with the desired external shape of the printhead. Both the common block 8 and the outer cover 10 are advantageously plastic parts. In the example, the cover 10 has nose-shaped lugs 11, which ensure that the nozzle opening dimensions are observed.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung des Scheibkopfes nach Fig. 1 entlang der Schnittlinie AB. Es . ist hier deutlicher zu sehen, daß die Piezoplättchen 1 jeweils seitlich über die Abstandseiemente 6 hinausragen. Das ermöglicht in einfacher Weise die Kontaktierung mit den Leiterfolien 9a und 9b. In Fig. ist zu erkennen, daß über die linke Leiterfolie 9a die eine, und über die rechte Leiterfolie 9b die andere Seite eines Piezoplättchens kontaktiert ist.FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of the disk head according to FIG. 1 along the section line AB. It. it can be seen more clearly here that the piezo plates 1 each protrude laterally beyond the spacer elements 6. This enables contacting with the conductor foils 9a and 9b in a simple manner. It can be seen in FIG. 1 that one side of a piezo plate is contacted via the left conductor foil 9a and the other side is contacted via the right conductor foil 9b.

Die Wirkungsweise eines in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Schreibkopfes ist dabei folgende. Bei entsprechender Ansteuerung eines Piezoplättchens 1 über die Anschlüsse 9a und 9b, tritt in Abhängigkeit von der Polarisationsrichtung des Piezomaterials und der Polarität des Ansteuerimpulses entweder eine Erweiterung oder eine Kontraktion der durch die Ausnehmungen bestimmten Bereiche auf. Insbesondere wirken sich die Formänderungen des Piezomaterials im Bereich der Tintenkammer 3 aus. Im einzelnen geschieht ein Tröpfchenausstoß folgendermaßen. Ausgehend von einem Ruhezustand, während dem die Austrittsöffnung 2 entweder ganz oder nahezu verschlossen ist, wird mit einem Ansteuerimpuls entsprechender Polarität die Expansionsphase eingeleitet. Dabei erweitern sich die Bereiche 2, 3, 4 und 5. Im Austrittsbereich 2 bildet sich ein nach innen gewölbter Meniskus aus und über die Tintenzuführung wird ein Nachfließen von Tinte eingeleitet. Die Beendigung des Ansteuerimpulses oder dessen Polaritätsumkehr leitet die sogenannte Kontraktionsphase ein. Dadurch wird ein kleines Tintenvolumen über die Austrittsöffnung 2 nach außen gedrückt, wobei zugleich durch die zunehmende Verengung der Austrittsöffnung das Abreissen dieses Tintenvolumens unterstützt wird. Das somit abgetrennte Tintenvolumen nimmt sehr schnell eine Kugelform ein und fliegt als kleines Tröpfchen weg.The operation of a write head shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is as follows. With a corresponding activation of a piezo plate 1 via the connections 9a and 9b, depending on the direction of polarization of the piezo material and the polarity of the activation pulse, either an expansion or a contraction of the regions determined by the recesses occurs. In particular, the changes in shape of the piezo material have an effect in the area of the ink chamber 3. In detail, droplet ejection occurs as follows. Starting from a state of rest, during which the outlet opening 2 is either completely or almost closed, the expansion phase is initiated with a control pulse of appropriate polarity. The areas 2, 3, 4 and 5 expand in the process. An inwardly curved meniscus is formed in the exit area 2 and the ink supply is followed by an inflow of ink. The termination of the control pulse or its polarity reversal initiates the so-called contraction phase. As a result, a small volume of ink is pressed outward via the outlet opening 2, and at the same time the tearing off of this ink volume is supported by the increasing narrowing of the outlet opening. The ink volume thus separated quickly takes on a spherical shape and flies away as a small droplet.

Die mit einer Formänderung der Piezoplättchen verbundene Änderung der Dicke oder Stärke der Piezoplättchen wird dabei durch die Elastizität der Abstandselemente ganz oder weitgehend absorbiert. Dadurch wird der Ansaugvorgang während der Expansionsphase und der Ausstoßvorgang während der Kontraktionsphase unterstützt. Da die Anordnung nur kurze Wege aufweist, insbesondere keine langen Tintenkanäle vorhanden sind, treten keine zusätzlichen Strömungswiderstände auf. Das bedeutet, daß mit deutlich geringeren Ansteuerspannungen gearbeitet werden kann.The change in the thickness or thickness of the piezoplates associated with a change in shape of the piezoplates is completely or largely absorbed by the elasticity of the spacer elements. This supports the suction process during the expansion phase and the exhaust process during the contraction phase. Since the arrangement has only short paths, in particular there are no long ink channels, there are no additional flow resistances. This means that you can work with significantly lower control voltages.

Als Abstandselemente, die die einzelnen Piezoplättchen trennen, können abwechselnd Abstandselemente aus hartem, leitendem und elastischem, nicht leitendem Material verwendet werden. Fig. 3 zeigt eine entsprechende Anordnung. Es handelt sich hier um eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Schnittlinie AB in Fig. 1. Die Piezoplättchen 1 sind jeweils durch nicht leitende Abstandselemente 6 und durch leitende Abstandselemente 6a getrennt. Über die leitenden Abstandselemente 6a werden jeweils die Kontaktflächen von zwei Piezoplättchen gemeinsam angesteuert. Das geschieht im Beispiel über die Leiterfolie 9a. Die jeweils andere Kontaktfläche der Piezoplättchen 1 wird über die zweite Leiterfolie, im Beispiel über die Leiterfolie 9b kontaktiert. Das setzt allerdings voraus, daß in diesem Falle die aufeinanderfolgenden Piezoplättchen 1 jeweils um 180° gedrehte Polarisationsrichtungen aufweisen. Die leitenden Abstandselemente 6a, die beispielsweise Metallplättchen sind, dienen auch zur Wärmeleitung für die Konstanthaltung der Tintentemperatur. Zugleich wird damit der Kontaktierungsaufwand reduziert.Spacers made of hard, conductive and elastic, non-conductive material can be used alternately as spacer elements which separate the individual piezoplates. Fig. 3 shows a corresponding arrangement. This is a sectional view along the section line AB in FIG. 1. The piezoplates 1 are each separated by non-conductive spacer elements 6 and by conductive spacer elements 6a. The contact surfaces of two piezoplates are controlled jointly via the conductive spacer elements 6a. In the example, this is done via the conductor foil 9a. The respective other contact surface of the piezoplates 1 is contacted via the second conductor film, in the example via the conductor film 9b. However, this presupposes that in this case the successive piezoplates 1 each have directions of polarization rotated by 180 °. The conductive spacer elements 6a, which are, for example, metal platelets, also serve to conduct heat in order to keep the ink temperature constant. At the same time, the contacting effort is reduced.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung sind die Abstandselemente sandwichartig aufgebaut. Fig. 4 zeigt ein Beispiel dafür. Die leitende Metallschicht 6c eines Abstandselementes dient zugleich als druckwellenhemmendes Material zur Kontaktierung und als Wärmeübertrager. Das nicht leitende Material 6b eines Abstandselementes dient zur Absorbierung der Druckwellen. Mit diesem Aufbau ist eine deutliche Reduzierung des Übersprechens verbunden.According to one embodiment, the spacer elements are constructed in a sandwich-like manner. 4 shows an example of this. The conductive metal layer 6c of a spacer element also serves as a pressure wave-inhibiting material for contacting and as a heat exchanger. The non-conductive material 6b of a spacer element serves to absorb the pressure waves. This structure is associated with a significant reduction in crosstalk.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die Ausnehmungen der Piezoplättchen geradlinig verlaufende Schnittkanten auf. Ein Beispiel dafür zeigen die Fig. 5 und 6. Im einzelnen ist in Fig. 5 ein Piezoplättchen 13 und in Fig. 6 ein Abstandselement 14 dargestellt. Der Vorteil dieser Ausgestaltung liegt vor allem in der einfachen Herstellung der Piezoantriebe, da die Ausnehmungen in den einzelnen Piezoplättchen 13 gerade Schnittkanten aufweisen, die eine Herstellung z. B. in einem automatisierbaren Schneidevorgang gestatten. Der Aufbau eines Schreibkopfes mit derart gestalteten Piezoplättchen 13 und Abstandselementen 14 geschieht in der anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebenen Weise. Durch ein abwechselndes Aneinanderfügen werden eine Vielzahl von Tintenkammern 3 gebildet, die jeweils mit einer Austrittsöffnung 2 und mit einem Drosselbereich 4 in Verbindung stehen. Über den gemeinsamen Tintenkanal 5, 7 werden die Tintenkammern 3 aus einem hier nicht dargestellten Tintenreservoir mit Tinte versorgt. Die aus den Piezoplättchen 13 und den Abstandselementen 14 gebildete Einheit wird, wie anhand von Fig. 1 und 2 beschrieben, über Leiterfolien kontaktiert und in einem gemeinsamen Block gehalten. Auch hinsichtlich der Wirkungsweise wird auf die Beschreibung zu den Fig. 1 und 2 verwiesen.In one embodiment of the invention, the recesses in the piezoplates have straight cutting edges. An example of this is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In detail, a piezoplate 13 is shown in FIG. 5 and a spacer element 14 in FIG. 6. The advantage of this configuration lies above all in the simple manufacture of the piezo drives, since the recesses in the individual piezo platelets 13 have straight cutting edges, which make z. B. allow in an automated cutting process. The construction of a print head with the Art designed piezo plate 13 and spacer elements 14 is done in the manner described with reference to FIG. 1. By alternately joining them together, a multiplicity of ink chambers 3 are formed, each of which is connected to an outlet opening 2 and to a throttle region 4. The ink chambers 3 are supplied with ink from an ink reservoir (not shown here) via the common ink channel 5, 7. As described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the unit formed from the piezoplates 13 and the spacer elements 14 is contacted via conductor foils and held in a common block. With regard to the mode of operation, reference is also made to the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, als Piezoantriebselement eine Piezoplatte vorzusehen, bei der die Ausnehmungen nur einseitig angeordnet sind, und bei der die, die Austrittsöffnung, die Tintenkammer, den Drosselkanal und den Tintenzuführkanal bildenden Bereiche, einerseits durch die Ausnehmungen den Piezoplatten und andererseits durch eine seitliche Wandung des gemeinsamen Blockes oder der äußeren Abdeckung, gebildet und begrenzt sind.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to provide a piezo plate as the piezo drive element, in which the recesses are arranged only on one side, and in which the areas forming the outlet opening, the ink chamber, the throttle channel and the ink supply channel, on the one hand through the recesses, the piezo plates and on the other hand, are formed and delimited by a lateral wall of the common block or the outer cover.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für diese Ausgestaltung zeigt Fig. 7. Die Piezoplatten 15 weisen einseitig Ausnehmungen mit geraden Schnittkanten auf, die jeweils die Begrenzung der Austrittsöffnung 2, der Tintenkammer 3, des Drosselkanals 4 und des Tintenzuführkanals 5 bilden. Die jeweils andere Begrenzung wird hier durch die Wandung des Blockes 8 gebildet. Die plattenförmigen Abstandselemente 16 besitzen ebenfalls Ausnehmungen mit geradlinigen Schnittkanten, die zusammen mit den entsprechenden Ausnehmungen 5 in den Piezoplatten 15 die gemeinsame Tintenzuführung bilden. Ein mit dieser Ausgestaltung verbundener Vorteil besteht in einer Reduzierung des erforderlichen Piezomaterials und darin, daß die Erstellung derartig geformter Piezoplatten mit einem geringen Aufwand erfolgen kann.An exemplary embodiment of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7. The piezo plates 15 have recesses on one side with straight cut edges, which each form the boundary of the outlet opening 2, the ink chamber 3, the throttle channel 4 and the ink supply channel 5. The respective other limitation is formed here by the wall of block 8. The plate-shaped spacer elements 16 also have recesses with straight cut edges, which together with the corresponding recesses 5 in the piezo plates 15 form the common ink supply. An advantage associated with this configuration is a reduction in the required piezo material and the fact that the creation of such shaped piezo plates can be carried out with little effort.

Werden die Piezoplättchen 15 und die Abstandselemente 16 einseitig fest miteinander verbunden, so wirkt sich die für einen Tröpfchenausstoß maßgebende Formänderung der Piezoplättchen weitgehend nur auf die Bereiche der Austrittsöffnung 2, der Tintenkammer 3, des Drosselkanals 4 und des Zuführkanals 5 aus. In Fig. 7 ist eine derartige Verbindung durch den durch die gestrichelt eingetragene Linie 17 begrenzten Bereich 18 angedeutet. Im Beispiel sind die Piezoplättchen 15 und die Abstandselemente 16 im Bereich 18 durch Klebung verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß sich eine Verformung der Piezoplättchen 15 auf Grund entsprechender Ansteuerimpulse weitgehend nur im Tintenbereich 3, 4, 5 auswirkt.If the piezo plates 15 and the spacer elements 16 are firmly connected to one another, the change in shape of the piezo plates which is decisive for droplet ejection largely affects only the areas of the outlet opening 2, the ink chamber 3, the throttle duct 4 and the feed duct 5. Such a connection is indicated in FIG. 7 by the region 18 delimited by the dashed line 17. In the example, the piezoplates 15 and the spacing elements 16 are connected in the region 18 by gluing. In this way it is achieved that a deformation of the piezoplates 15 due to corresponding control pulses largely affects only the ink area 3, 4, 5.

Bei den bisher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Piezoplättchen, worauf bei der Beschreibung zu Fig. 1 hingewiesen wurde, beidseitig kontaktiert. Um einen unmittelbaren Kontakt zwischen diesen Kontaktschichten und der Tintenflüssigkeit zu vermeiden wird vorgeschlagen, auf den Piezoplättchen im Bereich des mit Tinte gefüllten Innenraumes eine isolierende Beschichtung aufzubringen.In the exemplary embodiments described so far, the piezoplates, as was pointed out in the description of FIG. 1, are contacted on both sides. In order to avoid direct contact between these contact layers and the ink liquid, it is proposed to apply an insulating coating to the piezoplates in the area of the interior filled with ink.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel dafür ist ebenfalls in Fig. 7 gezeigt, in der die isolierende Beschichtung 19, durch eine strichpunktierte Linie angedeutet, entlang der den Tintenbereich 2, 3, 4, 5 begrenzenden Schnittkanten auf dem Piezoplättchen 15 aufgebracht ist. In ähnlicher Weise kann eine derartige isolierende Beschichtung auch auf den gemäß den vorher beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen geformten Piezoplättchen vorgesehen sein. Fig. 8 zeigt eine im Rahmen der Erfindung liegende Ausgestaltung des Schreibkopfes, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß der Schreibkopf mit einer zusätzlichen Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Verlusttinte ausgestattet ist. Das in Fig. 8 dargestellte Beispiel zeigt den bereits anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebenen Schreibkopf mit den dort verwendeten Bezugszeichen. Die Abdeckung 10 ist in diesem Falle etwas verbreitert und weist eine Ausnehmung, beispielsweise für einen Filzring 20 auf. Der Filzring 20 ist vorzugsweise in einer Halterung 21 befestigt, die bedarfsweise manuell ausgewechselt werden kann. In diesem Falle kann die obere Fläche der Abdeckung etwas in Richtung des Filzringes 20 hin abgeschrägt sein. Die anhand von Fig. 8 beschriebene Ausgestaltung bietet dann besondere Vorteile, wenn der Schreibkopf mit einer kombinierten Reinigungs-, Spül- und Abdichteinrichtung versehen ist.An exemplary embodiment of this is also shown in FIG. 7, in which the insulating coating 19, indicated by a dash-dotted line, is applied to the piezoplate 15 along the cut edges delimiting the ink area 2, 3, 4, 5. In a similar way, such an insulating coating can also be provided on the piezoplates shaped according to the previously described configurations. Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the write head within the scope of the invention, which is characterized in that the write head is equipped with an additional device for receiving waste ink. The example shown in FIG. 8 shows the write head already described with reference to FIG. 1 with the reference symbols used there. In this case, the cover 10 is widened somewhat and has a recess, for example for a felt ring 20. The felt ring 20 is preferably fastened in a holder 21 which can be replaced manually if necessary. In this case, the top surface of the cover may be slightly beveled in the direction of the felt ring 20. The embodiment described with reference to FIG. 8 offers particular advantages if the write head is provided with a combined cleaning, rinsing and sealing device.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schreibkopf kann gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung auch Einrichtungen zum Heizen der Tinte im Bereich der Austrittsöffnungen bzw. zum Heizen der Tinte im gesamten Schreibkopf aufweisen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the write head according to the invention can also have devices for heating the ink in the region of the outlet openings or for heating the ink in the entire write head.

In an sich bekannter Weise kann eine Tintenheizung auch dadurch erfolgen, daß in dem gemeinsamen Block eine Heizplatte oder eine Heizspirale eingelegt ist. Temperaturfühlelemente können im Bereich der Austrittsöffnungen vorzugsweise beidseitig der Austrittsöffnungen angeordnet sein.In a manner known per se, ink heating can also take place in that a heating plate or heating coil is inserted in the common block. Temperature sensing elements can preferably be arranged in the region of the outlet openings on both sides of the outlet openings.

Der erfindungsgemäße Schreibkopf ist mit besonderem Vorteil für eine Massenfertigung geeignet, da die einzelnen, zu seiner Herstellung erforderlichen Arbeitsgänge leicht automatisierbar sind. Auch entfällt die Verwendung einer eigenen, vor den Austrittsöffnungen der Tintenkanäle angeordneten Düsenplatte, so daß sich auch deutliche Einsparungen hinsichtlich des Teileaufwandes ergeben. Weiterhin entfallen auch die mit der Herstellung extrem eng liegender und sehr kleiner Düsenöffnungen beim Vergießen mit Harz verbundenen Probleme.The write head according to the invention is particularly suitable for mass production, since the individual operations required for its manufacture can be easily automated. There is also no need to use a separate nozzle plate arranged in front of the outlet openings of the ink channels, so that there are also significant savings in terms of the number of parts. Furthermore, the problems associated with the production of extremely narrow and very small nozzle openings when casting with resin are also eliminated.

Claims (12)

1. A printing head for ink jet printers, having piezo-electric drive elements, the shape of which is changed by suitably polarised drive pulses of suitable polarity, and under the influence of which, during an expansion phase, ink is sucked out of an ink reservoir through a common ink supply channel and during a subsequent contraction phase, a small volume of ink is ejected in the form of an ink droplet, characterised in that the piezo-electric drive elements consist of piezo-plates (1, 13, 15) which are contacted on both sides and which in each case have openings (2, 3, 4, 5) which in an upper zone form an outlet orifice (2), in a central widened zone form an ink chamber (3), in an adjoining, constricted zone form a throttling channel (4), and in a lower, again widened zone form an ink supply orifice (5) ; that the piezo-plates (1, 13, 15) are arranged one on another, in each case with the interposition of a spacer element (6, 6a, 6b, 6c, 14, 16), the spacer elements (6, 6a, 6b, 6c, 14, 16) being provided in the region of the ink supply orifices (5) with corresponding openings (7) ; and that the piezo-plates (1, 13, 15) and the spacer elements (6, 6a, 6b, 6c, 14, 16) are mounted in a common block (8).
2. A printing head as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the openings (2, 3, 4, 5) in the piezo-plates (1) and the openings (7) in the spacer elements (6, 6a, 6b, 6c) have curved cut edges, which are approximately symmetrical with one another, and which delimit the ink zones within the printing head.
3. A printing head as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the openings (2, 3, 4, 5) in the piezo-plates (13, 15) and the openings (7) in the spacer elements (14) have rectilinear cut edges which are approximately symmetrical with one another and which delimit the ink zones within the printing head.
4. A printing head as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the openings in the piezo-plates (15) are formed on only one side of a piezo- plate (15) and each have rectilinear cut edges ; and that the ink zones within the printing head are delimited, on the one hand, by the cut edges and, on the other hand, by the inner walls of the common block (8).
5. A printing head as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the piezo-plates (1, 13, 13; Fig. 7) are provided with an.insulating coating (19) over part of their surface along the cut edges.
6. A printing head as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that when the piezo-plates (1, 13, 15) are in the rest state, the outlet orifice (2), formed by the upper zone of the opening, has a predetermined cross-section which widens during the expansion phase and contracts during the contraction phase.
7. A printing head as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that when the piezo-plates (1, 13, 15) are in the rest state, the outlet orifice (2), formed by the upper zone of the opening, is closed an opens during the expansion phase and until the end of the contraction phase.
8. A printing head as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the piezo-plates (15 ; Fig. 7) and the spacer elements (14) are connected to one another at one side (18), on the side facing away from the ink zone (2, 3, 4, 5).
9. A printing head as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the spacer elements (6) consist of non-conductive material ; and that the piezo-plates (1) are driven by a conductor sheet (9a, 9b), the conductor paths of which are connected (via 12) to the contact surfaces of the piezo-plates (1).
10. A printing head as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the spacer elements (6, 6a) consist alternately of a non-conductive elastic material (6) and a conductive, non-elastic material (6a) ; that one contact surface of each of two consecutive piezo-plates (1) is connected through a conductive spacer element (6a) to the first conductor sheet (9a), and the other contact surfaces of the piezo-plates (1) are each individually connected to the other conductor sheet (9b) ; and that successive piezo-plates (1) have opposite polarities.
11. A printing head as claimed in Claim 10, characterised in that the spacer elements (6b, 6c ; Fig. 4) consist of two layers, the first layer (16) consisting of a non-conductive, elastic material and the other layer (6c) of a conductive, non-elastic material.
12. A printing head as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the common block (8) is enclosed by a covering (10), only that part which contains the outlet orifices (2) in the piezo-plates (1) remaining open ; and that the covering (10) contains an exchangeable, absorbent insert (20) which absorbs ink losses and at least partially surrounds the common block (8).
EP84114845A 1984-02-02 1984-12-06 Ink jet printing head Expired EP0150348B1 (en)

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DE3403615 1984-02-02
DE19843403615 DE3403615A1 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-02-02 WRITING HEAD FOR INK WRITING DEVICES

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EP0150348A2 EP0150348A2 (en) 1985-08-07
EP0150348A3 EP0150348A3 (en) 1985-08-21
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DE3403615A1 (en) 1985-08-08
US4578686A (en) 1986-03-25
EP0150348A2 (en) 1985-08-07
EP0150348A3 (en) 1985-08-21
JPS60180850A (en) 1985-09-14
DE3467329D1 (en) 1987-12-17

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