EP0149639A1 - Turret system for lightweight military vehicle. - Google Patents
Turret system for lightweight military vehicle.Info
- Publication number
- EP0149639A1 EP0149639A1 EP84902646A EP84902646A EP0149639A1 EP 0149639 A1 EP0149639 A1 EP 0149639A1 EP 84902646 A EP84902646 A EP 84902646A EP 84902646 A EP84902646 A EP 84902646A EP 0149639 A1 EP0149639 A1 EP 0149639A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- weapon
- disk
- platform
- turret
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 2,4-dinitro-6-(octan-2-yl)phenyl (E)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC(=O)\C=C\C NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
- F41A23/34—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles on wheeled or endless-track vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
- F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
- F41A27/18—Mechanical systems for gun turrets
Definitions
- This invention relates to ordinances and, more particularly, to weapon turret systems for a military vehicle .
- the tanks include a turret having a protected personnel compartment which carries the gunner and is rotated with the turret.
- This approach keeps the gunner shielded but adds substantial weight and increased silhouette to the vehicle. Consequently, these heavier vehicles sacrifice mobility and transportability in order to protect the gunner and support the weapon.
- many of the known tank configurations are characterized by cramped quarters which are un ⁇ comfortable and hard to quickly exit in emergency situa ⁇ tions.
- Many tanks include hatches in the hull roof structure thereby requiring that the turret be indexed to a position that will allow the hull hatch to open to allow exiting by the crew.
- Power drives are normally used for controlling the elevation and azimuth of the weapon.
- the power drives are often located in the turret thereby requiring slip rings or the. like to transfer power from a fixed external electrical or hydraulic source to the drive motors. These slip rings are subject to corrosion and general deterioration thereby posing a threat of drive failure. It would be advantageous to provide manual backup systems that can maneuver the weapon in the event of power failure. The inclusion of manual backup drives has been difficult to obtain in an efficient manner with some of the turret constructions used in the past.
- the present invention incorporates several features that may be used alone or in combination but when combined cooperate to provide an optimum lightweight vehicle construction capable of supporting relatively large weapon systems..
- the preferred embodiment employs a turret construction having a disk rotatably mounted on a plat ⁇ form.
- the platform is connected to the vehicle frame by way of a plurality of stanchions.
- the stanchions are potted or filled with a elastomeric material to help isolate the vehicle from impulse forces generated by the weapon.
- the crew sits in chassis/hull mounted seats, one of the seats being reserved for a gunner. The crew is thus provided with comfortable quarters and are preferably provided with exterior side doors adjacent each seat for quick exit if required.
- Both powered and manual backup drives are provided for moving the weapon in elevation and azimuth.
- the eleva ⁇ tion drive includes a stationarily mounted lower portion having a manually actuable member accessible by the gunner from his seat.
- the upper portion of the eleva ⁇ tion drive is rotatably coupled to the lower portion so that the upper portion may rotate with the turret during azimuth positioning and yet still provide elevation control.
- the crew members are located comfortably within the protected interior of the vehicle. Since the gunner does not ride in the turret, the turret construction is simplified, of minimal silhouette and comparatively lightweight. As will appear, the construction of the present invention enables various weapons and/or weapon stations to be interchangeably used in an easy manner. All of these advantages and more are provided while employing a basic lightweight vehicle design that can be used in a variety of other configurations as desired.
- FIGURE 1 is a side view of a military vehicle incorporating the teachings of the preferred embodiment of this invention
- FIGURE 2 is a top view thereof;
- FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 of the vehicle showing the gun in various orientations;
- FIGURE 4 is a rear view thereof
- FIGURE 5 is a perspective view with parts cut away of the turret construction preferably employed;
- FIGURE 6 is a perspective view diagramatically illustrating flexure of the turret stanchions during firing of the weapon;
- FIGURE 7 is a cross sectional view along the lines 7-7 of FIGURE 6;
- FIGURE 8 is a cross sectional view illustrating in detail the turret bearing and sealing arrangements.
- the present invention employs a turret system 10 that may be used in connection with a lightweight vehicle 12.
- Vehicle 12 is designed to meet requirements for a high mobility, multi-purpose wheeled vehicle.
- a lightweight vehicle means a wheeled vehicle having a gross vehicle weight of less than 10,000 pounds including payload.
- These drawings illustrate the Hummer vehicle manufactured by the assignee of the present invention, although other lightweight vehicles can be employed.
- Such lightweight vehicles are capable of being used in various configurations.
- One configura ⁇ tion is as a weapon carrier.
- the present invention is drawn to this configuration. More particularly, it is directed to a turret construction capable of supporting large weapons such as gun 14 which is a 25 millimeter M242 chain gun. Large weapons will be defined for purposes of this invention as weapons characterized by impulse forces (recoil force x duration) of at least about 50 pounds-seconds during firing.
- impulse forces repcoil force x duration
- OMPI weapons of this type are of the variety greater than .50 caliber.
- the M242 chain gun 14 exhibits an impulse force of about 60 pounds-seconds.
- the exterior of vehicle 12 is provided with armor for protecting the crew seated in the interior of the vehicle.
- a plurality of forward mounted, forward looking seats 16, 18 and 20 are provided in the interior of the vehicle 12.
- Seat 16 is for the driver, seat 18 for the commander and seat 20 for the gunner.
- Each member of the crew is provided with his own access door immediately adjacent to his respective seat. In this example there are four doors 22 - 28.
- the crew's seating arrangement of this invention provides comfort and safety for the personnel.
- the crew members are seated in normal passenger car fashion with 360 degree visibility through windows surrounding the crew seating area.
- the gunner's seat is located outside of the turret 10 in a comfortable vehicle seat from which he can perform the gunner functions while seated and protected.
- a platform 30 having a generally rectangular periphery extends horizontally above the crew near the top of the vehicle 12.
- a plurality of vertically extending stanchions 32 - 38 are employed to support the platform 30.
- Upper ends of stanchions 32, 38 are connected to lower portions of platform 30 and their lower ends are bolted to side rails 40 and 42 which are part of the vehicle frame.
- each stanchion includes a rectangular extruded aluminum casing 44 and an inner hollow aluminum tube 46. The space between outer casing 44 and tube 46 is filled with an energy absorbing elastomeric material 48.
- elastomeric material 48 is a poly- sulfide available from 3m Corporation as EC 801, which may be suitably mixed and poured within the space be- tween casing 44 and tube 46 and allowed to cure. Suit ⁇ able other energy absorbing materials such as sand may be used.
- Gun 14 is located centrally to the stanchions 32 - 38 so that the horizontal component of the gun impulse force is distributed amongst the stanchions. As shown in FIGURE 6, the stanchions are designed to flex or deflect in response to the forces during firing of the gun and thereby isolate the vehicle frame from damage to a great extent.
- the elastomeric material 48 in each stanchion serves to absorb energy created by the weapon and prevents much of it from being transferred directly to the vehicle frame.
- the platform 30 is free to move in the horizontal direction independently of the roof 50. As best shown in FIGURE 8, there is a gap between roof 50 and platform 30.
- Weather seal 52 includes a resilient lip portion 53 riding on roof 50 that provides a friction joint with the roof or vehicle superstructure. The lower portion of weather seal 52 is fixed to platform 30 by way of suitable fasteners such as fastener 55.
- Gun 14 is mounted in a cradle 60 which is pivotable about a pair of trunions 62. Ammunition is fed to the gun 14 by way of dual ammunition feeds 63 and 65.
- the cradle 60 includes a rearwardiy reasonably extending portion connected to vertically extending struts of a yoke 64 through bearings 67 and 69.
- the lower portion of yoke 64 is pivotally connected to a shaft 66 by way of a ball and socket joint 68. Elevation of gun 14 is controlled by the vertical movement of shaft 66 likewise causing motion in the vertical direction of yoke 64 thereby pivoting the gun about its trunions 62.
- Power drive is provided ' via motor 70 controlling rotation of a pinion 72 in engagement with rack 74.
- Azimuth control of gun 14 is provided by way of a rotating disk 76 to which cradle 60 is connected by way of trunnion mounts 71 and 73.
- disk 76 is located within an opening in roof 50 and is bolted to a ring gear 78 which is incor ⁇ porated in the outer race of the turret bearing whose inner race 75 is bolted to platform 30.
- Ring gear 78 includes radially extending teeth on its outer periphery. The teeth of gear 78 are meshed with a pinion 80 (FIGURE 5) whose rotation is controlled by drive motor 82.
- weather seal 52 bridges the gearing arrange ⁇ ment protecting it from adverse environmental conditions and also serving as a balistic shield.
- Basket 77 includes a plurality of struts whose upper ends are connected to the lower portions of platform 30 and whose lower ends are connected to a bearing guide 79 surrounding shaft 66-
- the gunner sits externally of the turret 10 in a comfortable and protected position within the vehicle.
- the gunner is provided with a suitable joy stick-type controller 88 for activating elevation motor 70 and azimuth motor 82 to aim the gun.
- a video camera 90 coaxially mounted to gun 14 is advan- tageously employed as a sighting device.
- An auxiliary laser beam sight 91 may also be employed.
- Camera 90 is connected to display 92 for viewing by the gunner.
- Other crew members such as the commander may also be provided with their own display and controller 94 and 96, respectively, so that they can also operate the weapon system, if desired.
- the turret system of the present invention also preferably includes manual backup drives to control the gun in the event of power failure.
- a wheel 98 is connected by way of a clutching arrangement to drive pinion 72 in the event of power loss.
- a wheel 100 suitably ' connected to pinion 80 via a belt or chain is employed for effecting azimuth movement of the gun.
- Each weapon station can be easily removed from the vehicle by un ⁇ bolting the disk 76, disconnecting yoke 64, and discon ⁇ necting the cables coupling camera 90 to the video displays and controllers 92, 96 to the weapon firing mechanisms (not shown). The weapon station can then be lifted from the vehicle and a new weapon station with a similar mounting scheme reattached.
- the video displays, gunner controls, manual and power drives all remain fixed and are common to all weapon variants.
- This system is ideally suited, but not limited to weapons such as a 30 mm chain gun. Tow family of missiles, 40 mm grenade launcher, .50 caliber machine guns, 7.62 mm machine guns and other high velocity guns including the illustrated 25 mm chain gun.
- the unmanned turret system of this invention extends the capability of lightweight conventional vehicles to support high impulse weapons. This allows the light vehicle to employ high impulse cannons designed to deliver ammunition at extended ranges.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Un véhicule militaire léger (12) est pourvu d'une tourelle (10) sans homme supportant de manière interchangeable de grandes unités d'armes (14). Des montants (32 - 38) remplis d'élastomères (48), reliés à une plateforme (30) de la tourelle servent à isoler les forces d'impulsion de l'arme (14) par rapport au châssis du véhicule (12). Les sièges (16, 18, 20) du conducteur, du chef et du tireur sont situés à l'extérieur de la tourelle (10) et des portes latérales (22 - 28) sont prévues pour sortir rapidement du véhicule militaire. Les entraînements moteurs (70) et manuels (98) sont à l'extérieur du disque de la tourelle rotative (76) et sont accessibles depuis le siège du tireur. L'entraînement élévateur utilise un joint à rotule (68) reliant un joug supérieur (64) monté sur l'arme (14) à une partie inférieure fixe (66) commandant le mouvement vertical du joug (64) et par conséquent l'élévation du canon (14).A light military vehicle (12) is provided with a manless turret (10) interchangeably supporting large weapon units (14). Uprights (32 - 38) filled with elastomers (48), connected to a platform (30) of the turret serve to isolate the impulse forces of the weapon (14) relative to the chassis of the vehicle (12). The driver, chief and shooter's seats (16, 18, 20) are located outside the turret (10) and side doors (22 - 28) are provided for quick exit from the military vehicle. The motor (70) and manual (98) drives are outside the disc of the rotary turret (76) and are accessible from the shooter's seat. The lifting drive uses a ball joint (68) connecting an upper yoke (64) mounted on the weapon (14) to a fixed lower part (66) controlling the vertical movement of the yoke (64) and therefore the elevation barrel (14).
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US50680283A | 1983-06-22 | 1983-06-22 | |
US506802 | 1983-06-22 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0149639A1 true EP0149639A1 (en) | 1985-07-31 |
EP0149639A4 EP0149639A4 (en) | 1986-03-18 |
EP0149639B1 EP0149639B1 (en) | 1988-10-05 |
Family
ID=24016068
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84902646A Expired EP0149639B1 (en) | 1983-06-22 | 1984-06-21 | Turret system for lightweight military vehicle |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0149639B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS60501621A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8406924A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1229252A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3474475D1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES8603070A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1176300B (en) |
NO (1) | NO850716L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1985000217A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6571678B1 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 2003-06-03 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aiming drive |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3925616A1 (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1991-02-07 | Pietzsch Ibp Gmbh | TEST CARRIER |
DE10046480A1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-28 | Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C | Armored vehicle, in particular combat vehicle |
SG101963A1 (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2004-02-27 | Ordnance Dev And Engineering C | Mobile artillery system |
DE102005061517B4 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2008-04-03 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Carrier or the like for a carriage |
DE102008038603C5 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2018-04-19 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gegenschuss conditioning |
ITTO20110239A1 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | Oto Melara Spa | POSITIONING STRUCTURE FOR A FIRE WEAPON ON A VEHICLE |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2206065A (en) * | 1937-11-03 | 1940-07-02 | Curtiss Wright Corp | Flexible gun turret |
DE1012221B (en) * | 1953-07-03 | 1957-07-11 | Walter Ruf | Armored car |
US3348451A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1967-10-24 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Gun turrets |
DE2240569B1 (en) * | 1972-08-18 | 1974-01-03 | Honeywell Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | DRIVE DEVICE FOR PLATFORMS OR DEVICES TO BE STABILIZED |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US641897A (en) * | 1898-10-20 | 1900-01-23 | Frederick Richard Simms | Motor-driven car for use in warfare. |
FR819997A (en) * | 1936-04-25 | 1937-10-29 | Aeroplani Caproni S A | Device for the remote control of weapons on board an air mobile |
BE432259A (en) * | 1939-01-19 | |||
DE1193399B (en) * | 1964-01-14 | 1965-05-20 | Keller & Knappich Gmbh | Slewing ring mount for automatic firearms on armored vehicles |
US3504122A (en) * | 1965-03-16 | 1970-03-31 | Harvey L Ratliff Jr | Stereoscopic television systems with means to control the camera movement from a remote location |
-
1984
- 1984-06-21 BR BR8406924A patent/BR8406924A/en unknown
- 1984-06-21 DE DE8484902646T patent/DE3474475D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-21 WO PCT/US1984/000943 patent/WO1985000217A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-06-21 JP JP59502640A patent/JPS60501621A/en active Pending
- 1984-06-21 EP EP84902646A patent/EP0149639B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-22 CA CA000457224A patent/CA1229252A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-22 IT IT21578/84A patent/IT1176300B/en active
- 1984-06-22 ES ES533676A patent/ES8603070A1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-02-22 NO NO850716A patent/NO850716L/en unknown
- 1985-05-30 ES ES543670A patent/ES8700751A1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2206065A (en) * | 1937-11-03 | 1940-07-02 | Curtiss Wright Corp | Flexible gun turret |
DE1012221B (en) * | 1953-07-03 | 1957-07-11 | Walter Ruf | Armored car |
US3348451A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1967-10-24 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Gun turrets |
DE2240569B1 (en) * | 1972-08-18 | 1974-01-03 | Honeywell Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | DRIVE DEVICE FOR PLATFORMS OR DEVICES TO BE STABILIZED |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO8500217A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6571678B1 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 2003-06-03 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aiming drive |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES543670A0 (en) | 1986-10-16 |
NO850716L (en) | 1985-02-22 |
EP0149639A4 (en) | 1986-03-18 |
DE3474475D1 (en) | 1988-11-10 |
ES8700751A1 (en) | 1986-10-16 |
ES533676A0 (en) | 1985-12-01 |
EP0149639B1 (en) | 1988-10-05 |
CA1229252A (en) | 1987-11-17 |
WO1985000217A1 (en) | 1985-01-17 |
ES8603070A1 (en) | 1985-12-01 |
IT1176300B (en) | 1987-08-18 |
JPS60501621A (en) | 1985-09-26 |
IT8421578A0 (en) | 1984-06-22 |
BR8406924A (en) | 1985-06-04 |
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