EP0149057A1 - Gerät zum Umsetzen von elektrischer Energie in thermische Energie - Google Patents

Gerät zum Umsetzen von elektrischer Energie in thermische Energie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149057A1
EP0149057A1 EP84114054A EP84114054A EP0149057A1 EP 0149057 A1 EP0149057 A1 EP 0149057A1 EP 84114054 A EP84114054 A EP 84114054A EP 84114054 A EP84114054 A EP 84114054A EP 0149057 A1 EP0149057 A1 EP 0149057A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
heat transfer
immersed
transfer fluid
enclosure
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP84114054A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0149057B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Porcellana
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT84114054T priority Critical patent/ATE35180T1/de
Publication of EP0149057A1 publication Critical patent/EP0149057A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0149057B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149057B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0018—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D7/00—Central heating systems employing heat-transfer fluids not covered by groups F24D1/00 - F24D5/00, e.g. oil, salt or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for converting electrical energy into thermal energy, usable in particular for space heating and for the production of domestic hot water.
  • the systems currently used for space heating or the production of domestic hot water comprise a circuit of a heat-transfer fluid, respectively domestic hot water, heated directly or indirectly by a heat source constituted by a liquid fuel boiler or gaseous or more rarely by an electric resistance or electrode boiler. All these systems have well-known advantages and disadvantages and depend essentially on the energy source used.
  • the aim of this invention consists in providing a new electrothermomechanical device for the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy, with partial intermediate conversion into mechanical energy, which has a reduced bulk and better energy efficiency compared to known systems.
  • the apparatus according to the invention aimed at achieving the above-mentioned aim, is characterized by the fact that it comprises an insulated enclosure filled with a diathermic heat transfer fluid, in which an electric motor and a hydraulic pump actuated by said motor are immersed. and whose suction and discharge lines are also immersed in the heat transfer fluid, the discharge line of said pump being provided with means for reducing the discharge flow.
  • the solution recommended by the invention therefore involves the intermediate transformation of electrical energy into mechanical energy, since the source of electrical energy is used to actuate a motor, itself driving a hydraulic pump whose delivery flow is voluntarily reduced, so that the electric motor is in overheating condition and thus functions as a heat generator, the latter being directly and completely transmitted to the heat transfer fluid in which it is immersed.
  • each device can include several electric motor-hydraulic pump groups.
  • the electric motor driving the hydraulic pump is equipped with a cos f compensation capacitor.
  • the means for reducing the discharge flow can be produced in different ways, for example as will be described later with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the illustrated installation comprises an enclosure 1 thermally insulated and filled with a heat transfer diathermic fluid 2, consisting for example of an oil or of a suitable oil mixture, a motor electric 3 associated with a hydraulic pump 4 (of a common type, with gears, with membranes, etc.), this motor and this pump being immersed directly in the heat transfer fluid 2.
  • a heat transfer diathermic fluid 2 consisting for example of an oil or of a suitable oil mixture
  • a motor electric 3 associated with a hydraulic pump 4 (of a common type, with gears, with membranes, etc.), this motor and this pump being immersed directly in the heat transfer fluid 2.
  • the suction line 5 of the pump 4 is immersed in the heat transfer fluid, while the discharge line 6 thereof communicates on the one hand with a bypass line 7 provided with an adjustment valve 8 and on the other hand with a valve 9 for reducing the discharge flow controlled by a motor 10 controlled by means for measuring the temperature T1 of the heat transfer fluid 2.
  • the outlet orifices of the valves 8, 9 communicate directly with said fluid 2.
  • the valves 8, 9 must first of all be fully open at the time of starting the electric motor 3, so as to ensure for a limited time the operating conditions of said motor 3 and of the pump 4 coupled to it.
  • the bypass valve 8 is closed, so that all of the oil flow 2 is sent by the pump 4 in the reduction valve 9, the opening of which is automatically adjusted by the motor 10, in order to create a constriction in the flow discharged into the oil bath.
  • This constriction previously dimensioned, causes a lamination of the oil and an overload of the pump 4 and consequently of the motor 3, which is then in a condition of overheating, the thermal energy thus created being directly and completely transmitted to the coolant. 2.
  • the laminatiôn oil discharged into the bath by the throttle valve releases heat, which is also transmitted to the heat transfer fluid.
  • the automatic adjustment of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid 2 is ensured by the adjustment of the heating provided by the motor 3, which depends on the opening of the reduction valve 9, which is controlled by a motor 10 slaved to an element of measurement T 1 of said temperature, as a function of a predetermined desired value.
  • obtaining a temperature also predetermined regime and / or safety is controlled by a thermostat T 2 , and causes the engine to stop 3. This stop also automatically controls the opening of the valve 9 in view a subsequent start of said engine.
  • the apparatus as just described can be used to heat the heat transfer fluid 2 for the direct use thereof in an external heating circuit, or for its indirect use which involves the presence of '' a heat exchanger immersed in said fluid and which is connected to an external heating circuit for another heat transfer fluid or for producing domestic hot water.
  • FIG. 1 is illustrated the first possibility mentioned above.
  • the oil operating temperature 2 having been reached, a thermostat T 3 controls a circulation pump 12, the suction line 13 of which is immersed in the oil 2 and the discharge line 14 is connected, outside from enclosure 1, to the flow pipe 15 of an external heating circuit passing through radiators 11.
  • the circulation pump 12 and its drive motor being immersed in the oil bath 2, they also contribute positively to the overall energy balance by providing said bath with heat from their respective operation.
  • thermostat T 4 can be provided, connected with the pump 12, for regulating the external circulation as a function of the predetermined temperature variations of the oil in the radiators 11, and this regulation can be coupled with the oil temperature control in enclosure 1 controlled by thermostats T 2 and T 3 .
  • the outlet pipe 6 of the primary hydraulic pump 4 is directly connected to the suction pipe 22 of a second hydraulic pump 24 associated with a second electric motor 23, and the outlet pipe 25 of this second pump 24 is directly in communication with the heat transfer fluid 2 in the insulated enclosure 1.
  • valves 8, 9 of the first embodiment are replaced by a simple valve 26 on the branch line 7.
  • the secondary motor 23 starts first and it makes the oil suck up by the pump. 24 through valve 26.
  • the main motor 3 can be started and it is then the primary pump 4 which sends the oil to the secondary pump 23.
  • the valve 26 is hydraulically closed, which causes an increase in the suction, as well as a mechanical drive of the secondary motor 24 which is no longer electrically supplied. It can then work as an electric generator and produce current usable outside the enclosure 1 via a socket 27.
  • This second embodiment requires a specific reciprocal dimensioning of the pumps 4, 24 and of the motors 3.23 so that the flow rate of the secondary pump 24 is less than the flow rate of the primary pump 4 in order to thus achieve the throttling of the discharge flow of oil and its cavitation as the valve 8 of the apparatus described above.
  • the primary motor 3 must therefore have characteristics that are oversized compared to those of the secondary motor 23 to avoid the latter an excess of initial masses when it starts to drive it.
  • FIG. 3 the embodiment illustrated in a simplified and schematic manner in FIG. 3 is distinguishes from the previous ones in that it comprises a hydraulic accumulator 37 and a group of hydraulic pistons 38, 39a, 39b disposed between the discharge line 36 of the hydraulic pump 34, the latter being actuated by an electric motor 33 equipped with a cos compensation capacitor 40 and the reduction valves 41a, 41b.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 37 is equipped with a pressure switch 41 regulating the distribution of the heat transfer fluid 2, brought into said accumulator through a valve 42, to a distribution valve 43; this consists of a three-way valve with two directions of distribution without an intermediate rest position, and which is self-controlled in a manner known per se with regard to the direction of distribution as a function of the pressure encountered.
  • the valve 43 for alternating distribution communicates with the group of cylinders 44, 45a, 45b, by means of two three-way valves 46a, 46b, in each of which a piston 38 moves back and forth, 39a and 39b, the latter two being connected to each other by a rod 47 and therefore moving simultaneously, the piston 38 of an upper surface sliding on this rod 47 according to a stroke less than that of the lateral pistons 39a, 39b.
  • the central cylinder 44 has at its ends two outlet pipes which each lead to a reduction valve 41a, 41b via a three-way valve 48a, 48b.
  • the three-way valves 46a, 46b and 48a, 48b which have been designed specially for the invention, have two operating positions without closed intermediate position and include a sleeve 49 sliding inside. of the rectilinear part 50 of the valve, between the orifices A and B, more particularly between the constriction presented by the end A of said straight portion 50 and a stop ring 52 located near the end B thereof.
  • This socket 49 has at its end situated on the side of the end A of the valve a throttle intended to retain a ball 51 disposed inside this socket. and being able to move freely inside the latter, and a grid 53 at its other end in order to prevent the ball 51 from coming out from the side of the orifice B.
  • the heat transfer fluid 2 is therefore sent by the distribution valve 43 into the cylinder 45a through the valve 46a (then in the position of Figure 4A) , which has the effect of pushing the piston 39a, and thereby the associated pistons 38 and 39b, in the direction of arrow Fl, the fluid being consequently discharged into the bath 2 by the valve 48b (then in the position of FIG. 4B), and the reduction valve 41b; the valve 48a is then in the position illustrated in FIG. 4A, and the valve 46b in that of FIG. 4B.
  • the distribution valve 43 changes the direction of the flow of coolant, so that the associated pistons 38, 39a and 39b move according to arrow F2 and that the fluid 2 is discharged into the bath by the valves 48a and 41a, the position of the respective valves then being reversed.
  • an external circuit 53 can be provided, with a circulation pump 54 and a drive motor 55 thereof immersed in the heat transfer fluid 2; this circuit 53 is closed and forced and can have heat exchangers, radiators, etc.
  • an external closed circuit with heat exchanger inside the enclosure 1 can also be provided. Thermostats 56, 57 allow the control and regulation of the installation according to the external demand for heat.
  • the apparatus can be suitably provided with means for measuring the temperature, associated with thermostats, the external circuit (outward and return) and the heat transfer fluid in the insulated enclosure, so as to control, according to indications previously given, the operation of the various elements of the apparatus (electric motors, hydraulic pumps, reduction valves, etc.).
  • the apparatus according to the invention makes it possible with a reduced footprint to obtain a better energy balance, thanks to the recovery of an optimal quantity of the energy produced in the form of heat, either directly from electrical energy, either indirectly by intermediate conversion into mechanical energy; in the latter case, it has been more particularly observed that the lamination of the fluid discharged into the enclosure by the throttling of the valve makes it possible to recover a quantity of heat, obtained by friction and by release of internal energy, which increases the overall yield in unexpectedly high proportions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
EP84114054A 1983-12-02 1984-11-21 Gerät zum Umsetzen von elektrischer Energie in thermische Energie Expired EP0149057B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84114054T ATE35180T1 (de) 1983-12-02 1984-11-21 Geraet zum umsetzen von elektrischer energie in thermische energie.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH647683 1983-12-02
CH6476/83 1983-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149057A1 true EP0149057A1 (de) 1985-07-24
EP0149057B1 EP0149057B1 (de) 1988-06-15

Family

ID=4310256

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84114054A Expired EP0149057B1 (de) 1983-12-02 1984-11-21 Gerät zum Umsetzen von elektrischer Energie in thermische Energie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0149057B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE35180T1 (de)
DE (2) DE149057T1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995014896A1 (de) * 1993-11-22 1995-06-01 Sebacur Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung von elektrischer energie in nutzwärme
CN105370639A (zh) * 2015-12-23 2016-03-02 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 高温环境下使用的大载荷微型液压伺服***

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1101962A (fr) * 1953-06-09 1955-10-12 Groupe pour la production de chaleur dans un fluide en circulation
US3813036A (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-05-28 G Lutz Heating system
DE3010074A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Anschütz, Carmen, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von warmem wasser und warmwasserheizungsanlage unter verwendung einer solchen
EP0067928A2 (de) * 1981-06-15 1982-12-29 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Heizungssystem mit Schmieröldrosselung für Kraftfahrzeuge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR7905266A (pt) * 1979-08-13 1981-02-17 M Peuser Aproveitamento de calor dos sistemas de refrigeracao das geladeiras,freezers e ar condicionadores domesticos para aquecimento de agua

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1101962A (fr) * 1953-06-09 1955-10-12 Groupe pour la production de chaleur dans un fluide en circulation
US3813036A (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-05-28 G Lutz Heating system
DE3010074A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Anschütz, Carmen, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von warmem wasser und warmwasserheizungsanlage unter verwendung einer solchen
EP0067928A2 (de) * 1981-06-15 1982-12-29 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Heizungssystem mit Schmieröldrosselung für Kraftfahrzeuge

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995014896A1 (de) * 1993-11-22 1995-06-01 Sebacur Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung von elektrischer energie in nutzwärme
CN105370639A (zh) * 2015-12-23 2016-03-02 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 高温环境下使用的大载荷微型液压伺服***

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3472157D1 (en) 1988-07-21
DE149057T1 (de) 1985-10-24
EP0149057B1 (de) 1988-06-15
ATE35180T1 (de) 1988-07-15

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