EP0148040A1 - A fixed rotating device of one element in a tube - Google Patents

A fixed rotating device of one element in a tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0148040A1
EP0148040A1 EP84402231A EP84402231A EP0148040A1 EP 0148040 A1 EP0148040 A1 EP 0148040A1 EP 84402231 A EP84402231 A EP 84402231A EP 84402231 A EP84402231 A EP 84402231A EP 0148040 A1 EP0148040 A1 EP 0148040A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hook
tube
sheath
cone
branch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402231A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0148040B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Estienne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elf Antar France
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Elf France SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elf France SA filed Critical Elf France SA
Priority to AT84402231T priority Critical patent/ATE26174T1/en
Publication of EP0148040A1 publication Critical patent/EP0148040A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0148040B1 publication Critical patent/EP0148040B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
    • F28G3/10—Rotary appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F28F13/125—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation by stirring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for fixing in rotation an element in a tube such as for example an elongated tube of multi-tubular heat exchanger, steam condenser or the like.
  • each Archimedes screw is positioned in a tube by a swivel system held in place by a hollow plug comprising a support flange and a support constituted by a metal wire.
  • This support has substantially the shape of a V, the branches of which are inserted in the flange of the stopper and the tip of which forms a hooking ring for the swivel which is of a completely conventional type.
  • This method of fixing Archimedes' screws has several drawbacks, in particular that of projecting from the tubular plate since not only does the plug rest on it by means of a collar but also the swivel emerges at least in part of this collar since it is fixed inside the branches of the V.
  • This embodiment therefore prevents concomitant use of the Archimedes screws and of a device that can be moved on the tubular plate, for example a device allowing the inspection of the tightness of each tube with the tube plate, by boxes of different dimensions sliding on the plate which therefore must imperatively be smooth for this use.
  • a third objective of the invention is to provide a device which makes it possible to ascend as far as possible towards the entrance of the tube the effect of the Archimedes screw by ensuring turbulence even in the part of the tube which is not found in contact with the Archimedes' screw which prevents fouling of this area.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide simple, rapid and industrial assembly of the device for large series of up to more than 100,000 parts for a single device.
  • the bore of the upper branch of the hook and the axis of the journal each comprise at least one flat surface which are located opposite when the hook and the sheath are secured by the journal, and the annular bearing surface is integral with the base of a cone coaxial with said axis and this cone is provided with at least one radial fin.
  • the second lateral branch of the hook comprises a longitudinal outer fin.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 has an upper part (1), a pin (2) and a hook (3). It is intended to be introduced into a tube (4) - fig. 9 - in order to maintain the spiral (5) via the lower part of the hook (3) which is engaged in the orifice (6) of the spiral.
  • the upper part (1) essentially consists of a conical sleeve (7) which is intended to be fitted into the tube (4), for example using a mallet.
  • this cone is calculated so as to allow it to be anchored in the tube (4) under the simple effect of its press fit, the relative flexibility of the material constituting it and the internal diameter of the tube.
  • the sheath (7) is connected by two arms (11) and (12) to an annular bearing (13) whose bearing surface (14) is spherical.
  • the arms (11) and (12) have a cross section sufficient to withstand the forces to which the bearing is subjected and they have an oval cut for better penetration of the fluid.
  • Figure (4) is a side view of the hook (3) which comprises two lateral branches (15) and (16) joined together by the upper branch (17) and the lower branch (18).
  • the upper branch (18) is cylindrical and the lateral branches (15) and (16) are in the form of cylindrical segments coaxial with the upper branch (18).
  • the lateral branch (15) is provided with an opening (20) located near the lower branch (18) It is provided with a fin (21) of trapezoidal section which extends from its front face to a distance (d) from the opening (20).
  • the part of the branch (15) between the opening (20) and the downstream end (23) of the fin (21) defines a flexible tongue (24). Of length (d).
  • the lateral branch (16) is provided with a fin (25) of the same trapezoidal section as the fin (21). The fin (25) extends over the entire length of the branch (16).
  • the lower branch (18), the end of the lateral branch (15) and that of the lateral branch (16) define the attachment zone of the spiral.
  • the upper branch (17) of the hook has a square section bore (30) which begins with a pyramid trunk (31). At the outlet face of this bore (30), the branch (17) has two tabs, only one of which is visible in FIG. (4) and identified by the reference (35).
  • the pin (2) is more particularly shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. It comprises an axis (40), a bearing surface (41) carried by a cylinder (42) and a conical part (43).
  • the axis (40) is divided into four parts.
  • the part (44) which is integral with the bearing surface (41) is cylindrical and has a length at least equal to the height of the annular bearing (13). The diameter of this cylindrical part is slightly less than the inside diameter of said annular bearing (13).
  • the cylindrical part (44) is connected to an intermediate part (45) of octagonal section having four flat walls (46), (47), (48) and (49) and four slightly rounded walls (50), (51), (52) and (53).
  • the section of this intermediate part is shown in FIG. 6a, -
  • the thickness of the intermediate part is equal to the width of the bore (30) and its height is slightly greater than the depth of the same bore (30).
  • the axis (40) comprises an extreme latching area (55), composed of an axis (56) .
  • cylindrical and an octagonal end piece (57) which define a lateral notch (58).
  • the languor of the axis (57) is equal to that of the tongues (35).
  • the bearing surface (41) has the shape of a spherical ring complementary to the bearing surface (14) of the annular bearing (13). It is carried by a cylindrical pad (42) of wear surmounted by the cone (43). The base of the cone (43) has the same diameter as the pellet (42).
  • FIG (8) There is shown in Figure (8) the upper part of the pin (2) when it is ais in place for the assembly of the device.
  • the cone (43) is provided with four fins (60), (61), (62) and (63) - Figure 7 - which extend along four orthogonal generatrices and over the entire length thereof.
  • Each fin has the shape of a triangle whose large rib is carried by a generator of the cone and whose short side is oriented towards the base of the cone (43). The respective dimensions of these parts are clearly shown in this figure 8.
  • the tip (65) of the cone is located inside the sheath (7).
  • the tip (66) of the fins is located opposite the central part of the branches (11) and (12) and the short side (67) of these fins is substantially parallel to the branches (11) and (12) -
  • the large side (67) of the fins extends between the tip (65) of the cone and the tip (66) of the triangle.
  • the pin (2) is introduced into the bearing (13) then into the bore (30) of the hook (3) and the assembly is held in place when the fins (35) snap against the octagonal end piece (57 ).
  • the spiral (5) is fixed to the hook (3) and the assembly introduced into the tube (4) where it is force-fitted until the whole sleeve (7) is introduced into the tube (7) so that no part of the device protrudes from the tabular plate (10) in which the tubes (4) are fixed.
  • a fluid circulates in the tube from upstream to downstream, that is to say from the end of the tube secured to the tubular plate (10). This fluid ensures the rotation of the Archimedes screw (5).
  • the rotation of this screw makes it possible to permanently keep the internal surface of the tubes clean and improves the heat transfer by reducing the thickness of the laminar layer in contact with the internal walls of the tubes as well as by increasing Reynolds number.
  • the rotation of the Archimedes screw is transmitted to the pin (2) since the latter and the hook have prismatic surfaces facing each other, namely the walls of the square bore (30) and the walls (46), ( 47), (48) and (49) of the intermediate part (45) of the axis (40).
  • the fins (61), (62), (63) and (64) are therefore driven in a rotational movement. As indicated above, it may happen that the fluid which circulates in the tube (4) contains various suspended materials, in particular plant debris.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent this debris from obstructing the tube in the entry zone, that is to say at the level of the attachment of the Archimedes screw, obstruction which could be due to the interception of this debris by the arms (11) and (12). Indeed, due to the inclined orientation of these arms, any plant debris are directed towards the base of the cone (43), that is to say opposite the short sides (67) of the fins.
  • the free space between the arms (11) and (12) and the volume generated by the fins, during their rotation, in particular by the rotation of the short sides, is sufficiently small for these particles to be recirculated by tearing.
  • this fluid may also contain other suspended matter, in particular abrasive particles, the effect of which could be harmful for the bearing surface of the bearing (13) and that of the swivel (2).
  • abrasive particles the effect of which could be harmful for the bearing surface of the bearing (13) and that of the swivel (2).
  • the lateral branches (15) and (16) of the hook are provided with fins (21) and (25) which make it possible to ensure the reinforcement of the hook and to prevent its deformation.
  • these fins also have a complementary function which is to generate turbulence in the area between the bearing (13) and the upstream end of the screw. This turbulence therefore makes it possible to minimize as much as possible the length of the tube which is not subjected to the cleaning effect.
  • the thickness of the tube plate is such that the z & ne of the tube located opposite said fins participates in the heat exchange, the performance of this exchange is further improved.
  • the device thus described ensures perfect retention of the Archimedes screw even in the event of reversal of the direction of circulation of the fluid due to the presence of the flexible tongue (24) which allows the manual attachment of the screw while preventing it from unhooking during the reverse circulation of the fluid.
  • This tongue is an additional safety device for detaching the Archimedes' screw which, being in place in the tube and fixed to the device, cannot be detached from it because of its lateral rigidity since the hook remains centered in the tube via scabbard.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described, on the contrary it encompasses all variants.
  • the tongues (21) and (25) fixed to the lateral branches of the hook which are straight in the drawings could very well have a spiral shape with for example the same pitch as the Archimedes screw. It is the same for the shape and the number of the fins (60), (61), (62) and (63) which are not limiting, the important thing being that these fins ensure, during their rotation, the delivery in circulation by pulling out fibrous particles which can be deposited on the inclined branches of the upper part.
  • the device described above also has the advantage of being able to be easily manufactured by die-casting, and this for each component.
  • plastics used can be composite plastics or not, possibly loaded with additive, their qualities being chosen according to the different intended uses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
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  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

A device for attaching an element for rotation in a tube comprises a conical sleeve, a hook and a link-pin. The link-pin interconnects the hook and the sleeve while permitting rotation of the hook. A particular application of the attachment device is to position an Archimedes' screw in the tubes of a multitubular heat exchanger, a steam condensor or the like. The assembly can be dismounted, if desired, and is adaptable to different tube diameters.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour fixer en rotation un élément dans un tube tel que par exemple un tube allongé d'échangeur pluritubulaire de chaleur, condenseur de vapeur ou autre.The present invention relates to a device for fixing in rotation an element in a tube such as for example an elongated tube of multi-tubular heat exchanger, steam condenser or the like.

On connait des réalisations qui permettent de maintenir en permanence propre la surface interne des tubes et d'améliorer le transfert thermique par diminution de l'épaisseur de la couche laminaire en contact avec les parois internes des tubes ainsi que par l'augmentation du nombre de Reynolds. Par exemple, un tel dispositif peut être constitué par une vis d'Archimade, montée libre en rotation dans le tube de façon à pouvoir être entrainée en rotation par le fluide qui circule dans le tube. Un tel dispositif est en particulier décrit dans le brevet US n° 4 174 750. Selon ce brevet, chaque vis d'Archimède est positionnée dans un tube par un système à émerillon maintenu en place par un bouchon creux comprenant une collerette d'appui et un support constitué par un fil métallique. Ce support présente sensiblement la forme d'un V dont les branches sont insérées dans la collerette du bouchon et dont la pointe forme un anneau d'accrochage pour l'émerillon qui est d'un type tout à fait classique. Ce mode de fixation des vis d'Archimède, présente plusieurs inconvénients en particulier celui d'être en saillie par rapport à la plaque tubulaire puisque non seulement le bouchon repose sur celle ci par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette mais encore l'émerillon émerge au moins en partie de cette collerette puisqu'il est fixé à l'intérieur des branches du V. Cette réalisation empêche donc une utili- ..sation concomitante des vis d'Archimède et d'un dispositif déplaçable sur la plaque tubulaire, par exemple un dispositif permettant l'inspection de l'étanchéité de chaque tube avec la plaque tubulaire, par des caissons de différentes dimensions glissant sur la plaque qui donc impérativement doit être lisse pour cet usage.There are known embodiments which make it possible to permanently keep the internal surface of the tubes clean and to improve the heat transfer by reducing the thickness of the laminar layer in contact with the internal walls of the tubes as well as by increasing the number of Reynolds. For example, such a device can be constituted by an Archimade screw, mounted freely in rotation in the tube so as to be able to be driven in rotation by the fluid which circulates in the tube. Such a device is described in particular in US Patent No. 4,174,750. According to this patent, each Archimedes screw is positioned in a tube by a swivel system held in place by a hollow plug comprising a support flange and a support constituted by a metal wire. This support has substantially the shape of a V, the branches of which are inserted in the flange of the stopper and the tip of which forms a hooking ring for the swivel which is of a completely conventional type. This method of fixing Archimedes' screws has several drawbacks, in particular that of projecting from the tubular plate since not only does the plug rest on it by means of a collar but also the swivel emerges at least in part of this collar since it is fixed inside the branches of the V. This embodiment therefore prevents concomitant use of the Archimedes screws and of a device that can be moved on the tubular plate, for example a device allowing the inspection of the tightness of each tube with the tube plate, by boxes of different dimensions sliding on the plate which therefore must imperatively be smooth for this use.

C'est donc un premier objectif de l'invention que de prévoir un dispositif de fixation d'un élément dans un tube qui ne présente aucune partie en saillie par rapport à la plaque tubulaire.It is therefore a first objective of the invention to provide a device for fixing an element in a tube which has no projecting portion relative to the tube plate.

Un autre inconvénient que l'on rencontre lors de l'utilisation de dispositifs d'attache tels que ceux décrits plus haut apparait lorsque le liquide circulant à l'intérieur du tube, qui est généralement de l'eau, n'est pas complètement exempt d'impuretés et contient par exemple des débris végétaux. Ceux ci peuvent venir s'accrocher sur l'émerillon ou le fil support limitant ainsi la surface de passage et/ou bloquant la rotation du dispositif, soit mécaniquement, soit par bouchage de l'entrée du tube.Another drawback encountered when using fastening devices such as those described above appears when the liquid circulating inside the tube, which is generally water, is not completely free impurities and contains, for example, plant debris. These can come to hang on the swivel or the support wire thus limiting the passage surface and / or blocking the rotation of the device, either mechanically or by blocking the inlet of the tube.

C'est un autre objectif de l'invention que de prévoir un dispositif qui est auto-nettoyant par rapport aux debris végétaux ou autres qui peuvent se trouver dans le fluide et se présenter à l'intérieur des tubes.It is another objective of the invention to provide a device which is self-cleaning with respect to plant debris or the like which may be present in the fluid and be present inside the tubes.

Enfin, un troisième objectif de l'invention est de prévoir un dispositif qui permette de remonter au maximum vers l'entrée du tube l'effet de la vis d'Archimède en assurant des turbulences même dans la partie du tube qui ne se trouve pas en contact avec la vis d'Archimède ce qui permet d'éviter l'encrassement de cette zône.Finally, a third objective of the invention is to provide a device which makes it possible to ascend as far as possible towards the entrance of the tube the effect of the Archimedes screw by ensuring turbulence even in the part of the tube which is not found in contact with the Archimedes' screw which prevents fouling of this area.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de prévoir le montage simple, rapide et industriel du dispositif pour des séries importantes pouvant aller jusqu'à plus de 100.000 pièces pour un seul appareil.Another objective of the invention is to provide simple, rapid and industrial assembly of the device for large series of up to more than 100,000 parts for a single device.

Ces divers objectifs sont atteints par le dispositif selon l'invention qui comporte :

  • - un fourreau conique destiné a être emmanché en force dans ledit tube et muni d'un palier annulaire fixe, ledit palier étant réuni audit fourreau par au moins deux bras qui sont inclinés vers ce palier;
  • - un crochet plat qui comporte une première et une second branches latérales réunies entre elles par une branche supérieure et une branche inférieure, ladite branche supérieure étant munie d'un alésage débouchant et d'au moins une languette souple d'encliquetage, située sensiblement dans le prolongement de cet alésage, la première branche latérale étant munie d'une ouverture;
  • - un tourillon, pour solidariser en traction ledit fourreau et ledit crochet tout en permettant la rotation du crochet, constitué par un axe dont une première-extrémité est munie d'une surface annulaire d'appui et dont l'autre extrémité est munie d'au moins une encoche latérale, ledit tourillon étant engagé d'une part dans ledit palier annulaire du fourreau et, d'autre part dans ledit alésage du crochet, dans une position telle que ladite languette d'encliquetage vienne s'appuyer dans ladite encoche.
These various objectives are achieved by the device according to the invention which comprises:
  • - A conical sheath intended to be force fitted into said tube and provided with a fixed annular bearing, said bearing being joined to said sheath by at least two arms which are inclined towards this bearing;
  • - A flat hook which has first and second lateral branches joined together by an upper branch and a lower branch, said upper branch being provided with a through bore and at least one flexible snap-in tongue, located substantially in the extension of this bore, the first lateral branch being provided with an opening;
  • - a pin, to secure said sheath and said hook in traction while allowing the hook to rotate, constituted by an axis of which a first end is provided with an annular bearing surface and the other end of which is provided with at least one lateral notch, said pin being engaged on the one hand in said annular bearing of the sleeve and , on the other hand in said bore of the hook, in a position such that said catch tab comes to bear in said notch.

Selon une caractéristique complémentaire de l'invention, l'alésage de la branche supérieure du crochet et l'axe du tourillon comportent chacun au moins une surface plane qui sont situées en vis à vis quand le crochet et le fourreau sont solidarisés par le tourillon, et la surface annulaire d'appui est solidaire de la base d'un cône coaxial audit axe et ce cône est muni d'au moins une ailette radiale.According to a complementary characteristic of the invention, the bore of the upper branch of the hook and the axis of the journal each comprise at least one flat surface which are located opposite when the hook and the sheath are secured by the journal, and the annular bearing surface is integral with the base of a cone coaxial with said axis and this cone is provided with at least one radial fin.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la seconde branche latérale du crochet comporte une ailette extérieure longitudinale.According to another characteristic of the invention, the second lateral branch of the hook comprises a longitudinal outer fin.

Les avantages et autres caractéristiques de l'invention apparaitront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation, faite d'une manière illustrative mais nullement limitative en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue latérale du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe latérale de là partie supérieure du dispositif,
  • - la figure 3 est une vue de l'arrière de la partie supérieure du dispositif, c'est à dire côté sortie du fluide
  • - la figure 4 est une vue latérale du crochet
  • - la figure 5 est une coupe selon l'axe V-V de la figure 4,
  • - la figure 6 est une vue latérale du tourillon
  • - la figure 6a est une coupe selon l'axe A-A de la figure 6,
  • - la figure 7 est une vue de face du tourillon, c'est à dire côté entrée du fluide
  • - la figure 8 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 mais lorsque le tourillon est en place sur le palier,
  • - la figure 9 est une vue en coupe d'un ensemble de tubes munis de dispositifs selon l'invention.
The advantages and other characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an embodiment, given in an illustrative but in no way limiting manner with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the upper part of the device,
  • - Figure 3 is a rear view of the upper part of the device, that is to say on the outlet side of the fluid
  • - Figure 4 is a side view of the hook
  • FIG. 5 is a section along the axis VV of FIG. 4,
  • - Figure 6 is a side view of the journal
  • FIG. 6a is a section along the axis AA of FIG. 6,
  • - Figure 7 is a front view of the journal, that is to say on the fluid inlet side
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but when the pin is in place on the bearing,
  • - Figure 9 is a sectional view of a set of tubes provided with devices according to the invention.

Le dispositif représenté sur la figure 1 comporte une partie supérieure (1), un tourillon (2) et un crochet (3). Il est destiné à être introduit dans un tube (4) - fig.9 - afin de maintenir la spirale (5) par l'intermédiaire de la partie inférieure du crochet (3) qui est engagée dans l'orifice (6) de la spirale.The device shown in Figure 1 has an upper part (1), a pin (2) and a hook (3). It is intended to be introduced into a tube (4) - fig. 9 - in order to maintain the spiral (5) via the lower part of the hook (3) which is engaged in the orifice (6) of the spiral.

La partie supérieure (1) est essentiellement constituée par un fourreau (7) conique qui est destiné à être emmanché dans le tube (4), par exemple à l'aide d'un maillet.The upper part (1) essentially consists of a conical sleeve (7) which is intended to be fitted into the tube (4), for example using a mallet.

Les dimensionnements de ce cône sont calculés de manière à permettre son ancrage dans le tube (4) sous le simple effet de son emmanchement en force, de la souplesse relative de la matière le constituant et du diamètre intérieur du tube.The dimensions of this cone are calculated so as to allow it to be anchored in the tube (4) under the simple effect of its press fit, the relative flexibility of the material constituting it and the internal diameter of the tube.

Le fourreau (7) est relié par deux bras (11) et (12) à un palier annulaire (13) dont la surface d'appui (14) est sphérique. Les bras (11) et (12) ont une section suffisante pour supporter les efforts auxquels est soumis le palier et ils présentent une coupe ovale de meilleure pénétration du fluide.The sheath (7) is connected by two arms (11) and (12) to an annular bearing (13) whose bearing surface (14) is spherical. The arms (11) and (12) have a cross section sufficient to withstand the forces to which the bearing is subjected and they have an oval cut for better penetration of the fluid.

La figure (4) est une vue latérale du crochet (3) qui comporte deux branches latérales (15) et (16) réunies entre elles par la branche supérieure (17) et la branche inférieure (18). La branche supérieure (18) est cylindrique et les branches latérales (15) et (16) se présentent sous la forme de segments cylindriques coaxiaux à la branche supérieure (18). La branche latérale (15) est munie d'une ouverture (20) située à proximité de la branche inférieure(18) Elle est munie d'une ailette (21) de section trapézoidale qui s'étend depuis sa face antérieure jusqu'à une distance (d) de l'ouverture (20). La partie de la branche (15) comprise entre l'ouverture (20) et l'extrémité aval (23) de l'ailette (21) définit une languette souple (24).de longueur (d). La branche latérale(16) est munie d'une ailette (25) de même section trapézoïdale que l'ailette (21). L'ailette (25) s'étend sur toute la longueur de la branche (16).Figure (4) is a side view of the hook (3) which comprises two lateral branches (15) and (16) joined together by the upper branch (17) and the lower branch (18). The upper branch (18) is cylindrical and the lateral branches (15) and (16) are in the form of cylindrical segments coaxial with the upper branch (18). The lateral branch (15) is provided with an opening (20) located near the lower branch (18) It is provided with a fin (21) of trapezoidal section which extends from its front face to a distance (d) from the opening (20). The part of the branch (15) between the opening (20) and the downstream end (23) of the fin (21) defines a flexible tongue (24). Of length (d). The lateral branch (16) is provided with a fin (25) of the same trapezoidal section as the fin (21). The fin (25) extends over the entire length of the branch (16).

La branche inférieure (18), l'extrémité de la branche latérale (15) et celle de la branche latérale (16) définissent la zone d'accrochage de la spirale.The lower branch (18), the end of the lateral branch (15) and that of the lateral branch (16) define the attachment zone of the spiral.

La branche supérieure (17) du crochet comporte un alésage (30) de section carrée qui débute par un tronc de pyramide (31). Au niveau de la face de sortie de cet alésage (30), la branche (17) comporte deux languettes dont uniquement une est visible sur la figure (4) et repérée par le repère (35).The upper branch (17) of the hook has a square section bore (30) which begins with a pyramid trunk (31). At the outlet face of this bore (30), the branch (17) has two tabs, only one of which is visible in FIG. (4) and identified by the reference (35).

Le tourillon (2) est plus spécialement représenté sur les figures 6 et 7. Il comporte un axe (40), une surface d'appui (41) portée par un cylindre (42) et une partie conique (43).The pin (2) is more particularly shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. It comprises an axis (40), a bearing surface (41) carried by a cylinder (42) and a conical part (43).

L'axe (40) est divisé en quatre parties. La partie (44) qui est solidaire de la surface d'appui (41) est cylindrique et a une longueur au moins égale à la hauteur du palier annulaire (13). Le diamètre de cette partie cylindrique est légèrement inférieur au diamètre intérieur dudit palier annulaire (13). La partie cylindrique (44) est reliée a une partie intermédiaire (45) de section octogonale présentant quatre parois planes (46), (47),(48) et (49) et quatre parois légèrement arrondies (50), (51), (52) et (53).The axis (40) is divided into four parts. The part (44) which is integral with the bearing surface (41) is cylindrical and has a length at least equal to the height of the annular bearing (13). The diameter of this cylindrical part is slightly less than the inside diameter of said annular bearing (13). The cylindrical part (44) is connected to an intermediate part (45) of octagonal section having four flat walls (46), (47), (48) and (49) and four slightly rounded walls (50), (51), (52) and (53).

La coupe de cette partie intermédiaire est représentée figure 6a,- L'épaisseur de la partie intermédiaire est égale à la largeur de l'alésage (30) et sa hauteur est légèrement supérieure à la profondeur du môme alésage (30).The section of this intermediate part is shown in FIG. 6a, - The thickness of the intermediate part is equal to the width of the bore (30) and its height is slightly greater than the depth of the same bore (30).

Enfin, l'axe (40) comporte une zône extréme d'encliquetage (55), composée d'un axe (56). cylindrique et d'un embout (57) octogonal qui définissent une encoche latérale (58). La langueur de l'axe (57) est égale à celle des languettes (35).Finally, the axis (40) comprises an extreme latching area (55), composed of an axis (56) . cylindrical and an octagonal end piece (57) which define a lateral notch (58). The languor of the axis (57) is equal to that of the tongues (35).

La surface d'appui (41) présente la forme d'un anneau sphérique complémentaire de la surface d'appui (14) du paliér annulaire (13). Elle est portée par une pastille cylindrique (42) d'usure surmontée par le cône (43). La base du cône (43) a le même diamètre que la pastille (42).The bearing surface (41) has the shape of a spherical ring complementary to the bearing surface (14) of the annular bearing (13). It is carried by a cylindrical pad (42) of wear surmounted by the cone (43). The base of the cone (43) has the same diameter as the pellet (42).

On a représenté sur la figure (8) la partie supérieure du tourillon (2) quand il est ais en place pour l'assemblage du dispositif. Le cône (43) est muni de quatre ailettes (60), (61), (62) et (63) - figure 7 - qui s'étendent selon quatre génératrices orthogonales et sur toute la longueur de celles ci.There is shown in Figure (8) the upper part of the pin (2) when it is ais in place for the assembly of the device. The cone (43) is provided with four fins (60), (61), (62) and (63) - Figure 7 - which extend along four orthogonal generatrices and over the entire length thereof.

Chaque ailette a la forme d'un triangle dont le grand côte est porté-par une génératrice du cône et dont le petit côté est orienté vers la base du cône (43). Les dimensions respectives de ces pièces apparaissent nettement sur cette figure 8. La pointe (65) du cône est située à l'intérieur du fourreau (7). La pointe (66) des ailettes est située en vis à vis de la partie centrale des branches (11) et (12) et le petit côté (67) de ces ailettes est sensiblement parallèle aux branches (11) et (12) - Le grand côté (67) des ailettes s'étend entre la pointe (65) du cône et la pointe (66) du triangle.Each fin has the shape of a triangle whose large rib is carried by a generator of the cone and whose short side is oriented towards the base of the cone (43). The respective dimensions of these parts are clearly shown in this figure 8. The tip (65) of the cone is located inside the sheath (7). The tip (66) of the fins is located opposite the central part of the branches (11) and (12) and the short side (67) of these fins is substantially parallel to the branches (11) and (12) - The large side (67) of the fins extends between the tip (65) of the cone and the tip (66) of the triangle.

La mise en place et le fonctionnement du dispositif ci-dessus représenté sont les suivants.The establishment and operation of the device shown above are as follows.

On choisit un fourreau (7) dont les dimensions sont compatibles avec les dimensions du tube dans lequel on veut insérer le dispositif. C'est en effet un avantage du dispositif selon l'invention de pouvoir être installé dans des tubes de différents diamètres puisqu'il suffit d'avoir à sa disposition des pièces supérieures (1) dont les fourreaux différent par leurs tailles mais dont les dimensions du palier (13) et la hauteur des branches sont identiques, les tourillons (2) et les crochets (3) restant identiques.We choose a sleeve (7) whose dimensions are compatible with the dimensions of the tube in which we want to insert the device. It is indeed an advantage of the device according to the invention to be able to be installed in tubes of different diameters since it suffices to have at its disposal upper parts (1) whose sleeves differ in size but whose dimensions of the bearing (13) and the height of the branches are identical, the pins (2) and the hooks (3) remaining identical.

Le tourillon (2) est introduit dans le palier (13) puis dans l'alésage (30) du crochet (3) et l'ensemble est maintenu en place lors de l'encliquetage desailettes (35) contre l'embout octogonal (57). La spirale (5) est fixée au crochet (3) et l'ensemble introduit dans le tube (4) où il est emmanché en force jusqu'à ce que tout le fourreau(7) soit introduit dans le tube (7) de façon à ce qu'aucune partie du dispositif ne fasse saillie par rapport à plaque tabulaire (10) dans laquelle sont fixés les tubes (4). Un fluide circule dans le tube de l'amont vers l'aual, c'est à dire depuis l'extrémité du tube solidarisée à la plaque tubulaire (10). Ce fluide assure la mise en rotation de la vis d'Archimède (5). D'une manière connue, la rotation de cette vis permet de maintenir en permanence propre la surface interne des tubes et améliore le transfert thermique par diminution de l'épaisseur de la couche laminaire en contact avec les parois internes des tubes ainsi que par l'augmentation du nombre de Reynolds. La rotation de la vis d'Archimède est transmise au tourillon (2) puisque celui ci et le crochet présentent des surfaces prismatiques en vis à vis, à savoir les parois de l'alésage carré (30) et les parois (46), (47), (48) et (49) de la partie intermédiaire (45) de l'axe (40). Les ailettes (61), (62), (63) et (64) sont donc animées d'un mouvement de rotation. Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué plus haut, il peut arriver que le fluide qui circule dans le tube (4) contienne différentes matières en suspension, en particulier des débris végétaux. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'éviter que ces débris ne viennent obstruer le tube dans la zône d'entrée,c'est à dire au niveau de l'accrochage de la vis d'Archimède, obstruction qui pourrait être due à l'interception de ces débris par les bras (11) et (12). En effet, du fait de l'orientation inclinée de ces bras, les éventuels débris végétaux sont dirigés vers la base du cône (43), c'est à dire en vis à vis des petits côtés (67) des ailettes. L'espace libre entre les bras (11) et (12) et le volume généré par les ailettes, lors de leur rotation, en particulier par la rotation des petits côtés, est suffisamment faible pour que ces particules soient remises en circulation par arrachement.The pin (2) is introduced into the bearing (13) then into the bore (30) of the hook (3) and the assembly is held in place when the fins (35) snap against the octagonal end piece (57 ). The spiral (5) is fixed to the hook (3) and the assembly introduced into the tube (4) where it is force-fitted until the whole sleeve (7) is introduced into the tube (7) so that no part of the device protrudes from the tabular plate (10) in which the tubes (4) are fixed. A fluid circulates in the tube from upstream to downstream, that is to say from the end of the tube secured to the tubular plate (10). This fluid ensures the rotation of the Archimedes screw (5). In a known manner, the rotation of this screw makes it possible to permanently keep the internal surface of the tubes clean and improves the heat transfer by reducing the thickness of the laminar layer in contact with the internal walls of the tubes as well as by increasing Reynolds number. The rotation of the Archimedes screw is transmitted to the pin (2) since the latter and the hook have prismatic surfaces facing each other, namely the walls of the square bore (30) and the walls (46), ( 47), (48) and (49) of the intermediate part (45) of the axis (40). The fins (61), (62), (63) and (64) are therefore driven in a rotational movement. As indicated above, it may happen that the fluid which circulates in the tube (4) contains various suspended materials, in particular plant debris. The device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent this debris from obstructing the tube in the entry zone, that is to say at the level of the attachment of the Archimedes screw, obstruction which could be due to the interception of this debris by the arms (11) and (12). Indeed, due to the inclined orientation of these arms, any plant debris are directed towards the base of the cone (43), that is to say opposite the short sides (67) of the fins. The free space between the arms (11) and (12) and the volume generated by the fins, during their rotation, in particular by the rotation of the short sides, is sufficiently small for these particles to be recirculated by tearing.

Mais ce fluide peut aussi contenir d'autres matières en suspension, en particulier des particules abrasives dont l'effet pourrait être néfaste pour la surface d'appui du palier (13) et celle de l'émerillon (2). Ces particules sont ejectées vers l'extérieur du palier, d'une part du fait de la forme conique de la partie supérieure du tourillon (cône (43)), et d'autre part par l'effet de centrifugation dû à la rotation des ailettes. On a donc réalisé un dispositif qui est parfaitement auto-nettoyant.However, this fluid may also contain other suspended matter, in particular abrasive particles, the effect of which could be harmful for the bearing surface of the bearing (13) and that of the swivel (2). These particles are ejected towards the outside of the bearing, on the one hand due to the conical shape of the upper part of the trunnion (cone (43)), and on the other hand by the centrifugation effect due to the rotation of the fins. We therefore produced a device which is perfectly self-cleaning.

Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué plus haut, les branches latérales (15) et (16) du crochet sont munies d'ailettes (21) et (25) qui permettent d'assurer le renfort du crochet et de prevenir sa déformation. Mais ces ailettes présentent aussi une fonction complémentaire qui est de générer des turbulences dans la zône comprise entre le palier (13)et l'extrémité amont de la vis. Ces turbulences permettent donc de minimiser au maximum la longueur du tube qui n'est pas soumise à l'effet de nettoyage. En outre, dans le cas où l'épaisseur de la plaque tubulaire est telle que la z&ne du tube située en vis à vis desdites ailettes participe à l'échange thermique, on améliore encore les performances de cet échange.As indicated above, the lateral branches (15) and (16) of the hook are provided with fins (21) and (25) which make it possible to ensure the reinforcement of the hook and to prevent its deformation. However, these fins also have a complementary function which is to generate turbulence in the area between the bearing (13) and the upstream end of the screw. This turbulence therefore makes it possible to minimize as much as possible the length of the tube which is not subjected to the cleaning effect. In addition, in the case where the thickness of the tube plate is such that the z & ne of the tube located opposite said fins participates in the heat exchange, the performance of this exchange is further improved.

On peut encore noter que le dispositif ainsi décrit assure un maintien parfait de la vis d'Archimède même en cas d'inversion du sens de circulation du fluide du fait de la présence de la languette souple (24) qui permet l'accrochage manuel de la vis tout en l'empêchant de se décrocher lors de la circulation inverse du fluide. Cette languette est une sécurité supplémentaire du décrochage de la vis d'Archimède qui, étant en place dans le tube et fixée au dispositif ne peut s'en désolidariser du fait de sa rigidité latérale puisque le crochet reste axé dans le tube par l'intermédiaire du fourreau.It may also be noted that the device thus described ensures perfect retention of the Archimedes screw even in the event of reversal of the direction of circulation of the fluid due to the presence of the flexible tongue (24) which allows the manual attachment of the screw while preventing it from unhooking during the reverse circulation of the fluid. This tongue is an additional safety device for detaching the Archimedes' screw which, being in place in the tube and fixed to the device, cannot be detached from it because of its lateral rigidity since the hook remains centered in the tube via scabbard.

Hais l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit, elle en englobe au contraire toutes les variantes. Par exemples, les languettes (21) et (25) fixées auxbranches latérales du crochet qui sont droites sur les dessins pourraient très bien avoir une forme spiralée avec par exemple le même pas que la vis d'Archimède. Il en est de même pour la forme et le nombre des ailettes (60), (61), (62) et (63) qui ne sont pas limitatifs, l'important étant que ces ailettes assurent, lors de leur rotation, la remise en circulation par arrachement des particules fibreuses qui peuvent se déposer sur les branches inclinées de la partie supérieure.But the invention is not limited to the embodiment described, on the contrary it encompasses all variants. For example, the tongues (21) and (25) fixed to the lateral branches of the hook which are straight in the drawings could very well have a spiral shape with for example the same pitch as the Archimedes screw. It is the same for the shape and the number of the fins (60), (61), (62) and (63) which are not limiting, the important thing being that these fins ensure, during their rotation, the delivery in circulation by pulling out fibrous particles which can be deposited on the inclined branches of the upper part.

Le dispositif décrit ci-dessus présente en outre l'avantage de pouvoir être facilement fabriqué par moulage sous pression, et ceci pour chaque composant. Les matières . plastiques utilisées peuvent être des matières plastiques composites ou pas, chargée éventuellement d'additif, leurs qualités étant choisies en fonction des différentes utilisations prévues. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, on pourra choisir de réaliser le fourreau et le crochet en polyacetal, le tourillon étant en polyacetal chargé de bisulfure de molybdène.The device described above also has the advantage of being able to be easily manufactured by die-casting, and this for each component. The subjects . plastics used can be composite plastics or not, possibly loaded with additive, their qualities being chosen according to the different intended uses. In a preferred embodiment, one can choose to make the sheath and the hook in polyacetal, the pin being in polyacetal charged with molybdenum disulphide.

Claims (7)

1 - Dispositif de fixation rotative d'un élément dans un tube, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : - un fourreau conique (7) destiné a être emmanché en force dans ledit tube (4) et muni d'un palier annulaire fixe (13), ledit palier étant réuni audit fourreau par au moins deux bras (11) (12) Les deux bras étant inclinés vers ledit palier, - un crochet (3) comportant au moins une première et une seconde branches Latérales (15) (16) réunies entre elles par une branche supérieure (17) et une branche inférieure (18), Ladite branche supérieure étant munie d'un alésage débouchant (30) et d'au moins une Languette souple d'encliquetage (35) située sensiblement dans Le prolongement dudit alésage, La première branche LatéraLe étant munie d'une ouverture (20), - un tourillon (2), pour solidariser en traction ledit crochet et ledit fourreau tout en permettant La rotation du crochet constitué par un axe (40) dont une première extrémité est munie d'une surface annulaire d'appui (41) et dont L'autre extrémité est munie d'au moins une encoche latérale (58), ledit tourillon étant engagé d'une part dans Ledit paLier annuLaire du fourreau et d'autre part dans Ledit alésage du crochet dans une position telle que ladite Languette d'encLiquetage vienne s'appuyer dans Ladite encoche Latérale. 1 - Device for rotary fixing of an element in a tube, characterized in that it comprises: - a conical sleeve (7) intended to be force-fitted into said tube (4) and provided with a fixed annular bearing (13), said bearing being joined to said sleeve by at least two arms (11) (12) Both arms being inclined towards said bearing, - A hook (3) comprising at least first and second lateral branches (15) (16) joined together by an upper branch (17) and a lower branch (18), said upper branch being provided with a through bore (30) and at least one flexible snap-in tongue (35) situated substantially in the extension of said bore, the first Lateral branch being provided with an opening (20), - A pin (2), for securing in traction said hook and said sheath while allowing the rotation of the hook constituted by an axis (40), a first end of which is provided with an annular bearing surface (41) and of which L the other end is provided with at least one lateral notch (58), the said pin being engaged on the one hand in the said annular ring of the sheath and on the other hand in the said bore of the hook in a position such as the said locking tab come and lean on said lateral notch. 2 - Dispositif selon La revendication 1,caractérisé en ce que Ledit alésage (30) de La branche supérieure du crochet et L'axe (40)dudit tourillon comportent chacun une surface plane qui sont situées en vis à vis quand Le crochet et Le fourreau sont solidarisés par Le touriLLon et en ce que Ladite surface annulaire d'appui est solidaire de La base d'un cône (43) coaxiaL dudit axe, Ledit cône étant muni d'au moins une allette radiale (60).2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said bore (30) of the upper branch of the hook and the axis (40) of said pin each have a flat surface which are located opposite when the hook and the sheath are secured by the journal and in that said annular bearing surface is integral with the base of a cone (43) coaxial with said axis, said cone being provided with at least one radial allette (60). 3 - Dispositif seLon La revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que Ladite ailette (50) est triangulaire et comporte un côté (67) ayant sersiblement La même inclinaison que Les bras de Liaison du fourreau au palier.3 - seLon device claim 2, characterized in that said fin (50) is triangular and has a side (67) having substantially the same inclination as the link arms of the sleeve to the bearing. 4 - Dispositif selon La revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un cyLindre (42) intercaLLé entre Ladite surface annulaire d'appui et La base dudit cône.4 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder (42) interposed between said annular bearing surface and the base of said cone. 5 - Dispositif selon La revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que L'extrémité du cône (43) est située à L'intérieur dudit fourreau.5 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the cone (43) is located inside said sheath. 6 - Dispositif seLon La revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que La seconde branche LatéraLe (16) comporte une ailette extérieure LongitudinaLe (25).6 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second lateral branch (16) comprises an outer wing LongitudinaLe (25). 7 - Dispositif selon La revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que Le fourreau et Le crochet sont réaLisés en poLya- cétaL et Le touriLLon en poLyacetaL chargé de bisulfure de moLybdène.7 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath and the hook are made of polylacetal and the swivel of polylacet loaded with molybdenum disulfide.
EP84402231A 1983-11-09 1984-11-07 A fixed rotating device of one element in a tube Expired EP0148040B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402231T ATE26174T1 (en) 1983-11-09 1984-11-07 DEVICE FOR ROTATING AN ELEMENT IN A TUBE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8317820A FR2554520B1 (en) 1983-11-09 1983-11-09 DEVICE FOR ROTATING ATTACHMENT OF AN ELEMENT IN A TUBE
FR8317820 1983-11-09

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EP0148040A1 true EP0148040A1 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0148040B1 EP0148040B1 (en) 1987-03-25

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US (1) US4595047A (en)
EP (1) EP0148040B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60122897A (en)
AT (1) ATE26174T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1227790A (en)
DE (1) DE3462827D1 (en)
ES (1) ES291783Y (en)
FR (1) FR2554520B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA848731B (en)

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US4081875A (en) * 1975-11-15 1978-04-04 Eizo Nishino Scale removal device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2592924A1 (en) * 1986-01-10 1987-07-17 Total France DEVICE FOR HOLDING THE END OF A MOBILE ELEMENT IN A POSITION, ROTATING DRIVE IN A TUBE AND APPLICATION TO PREVENTING FOULING AND CLEANING OF THIS TUBE.
EP0233092A1 (en) * 1986-01-10 1987-08-19 COMPAGNIE DE RAFFINAGE ET DE DISTRIBUTION TOTAL FRANCE: Société Anonyme dite Device for maintaining in position one extremity of a mobile element, rotating in a tube, and application for this device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE26174T1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0148040B1 (en) 1987-03-25
ZA848731B (en) 1985-06-26
DE3462827D1 (en) 1987-04-30
CA1227790A (en) 1987-10-06
ES291783U (en) 1986-05-16
JPS60122897A (en) 1985-07-01
US4595047A (en) 1986-06-17
FR2554520B1 (en) 1986-05-02
ES291783Y (en) 1987-01-16
FR2554520A1 (en) 1985-05-10

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