EP0146424A1 - Electrical switch with rotating arc - Google Patents
Electrical switch with rotating arc Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0146424A1 EP0146424A1 EP84402171A EP84402171A EP0146424A1 EP 0146424 A1 EP0146424 A1 EP 0146424A1 EP 84402171 A EP84402171 A EP 84402171A EP 84402171 A EP84402171 A EP 84402171A EP 0146424 A1 EP0146424 A1 EP 0146424A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- circular track
- switch according
- circular
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electric switch with self-blowing by rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field comprising inside a sealed enclosure filled with sulfur hexafluoride a chamber for forming arc, in which is housed a pair of separable contacts and an arc extinguishing chamber in which is housed a pair of annular electrodes arranged face to face to form circular tracks of migration of the arc to be extinguished and a magnetic blowing device for rotating the arc on said circular tracks.
- An electric switch of the kind mentioned, for example described in the French patent? 2,494,493 has the advantage of an extremely reduced control energy, the energy necessary for blowing the arc being entirely derived from the current to be interrupted.
- This rotary arc switch or circuit breaker has an interesting architecture allowing the production of a compact and economical circuit breaker. The switching of the arc to the circular tracks of rotation takes a certain time and this delay affects the breaking performance of the circuit breaker and increases the erosion of the contacts of the circuit breaker.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to improve the switching of the arc.
- the switch is characterized in that the movable contact of said pair of contacts is extended by an arcing horn extending between the formation chamber and the extinction and connecting to one of said circular tracks, the other circular track being associated with the fixed contact.
- the arc horn avoids any discontinuity between the movable contact and the associated circular track, so as to allow rapid displacement of the arc root anchored on the movable contact towards the circular track.
- This rapid displacement is accompanied by an elongation of the arc and an increase in the arc voltage facilitating switching.
- the rapid displacement is favored by an appropriate supply of the bow horn, so as to impose on the current a loop trajectory blowing the arc in the direction of the circular track.
- the movable contact, arc horn and circular track assembly advantageously constitutes a monobloc piece pivotally mounted on a fixed axis perpendicular to the plane of movement of the movable contact.
- the pivot axis is arranged in the vicinity of the circular track on one side or the other of the latter or possibly in the center along a diameter of the circular track in order to compensate for the electrodynamic forces applied to the circular track.
- the planes containing the circular tracks are substantially parallel, so as to keep the length of the arc in rotation on the circular tracks.
- the magnetic blowing field in rotation of the arc is generated by a coil inserted between the fixed contact and the fixed circular track attached to one of the faces of the coil.
- the circular track and blowing coil assembly is arranged in a part of the enclosure of the switch constituting the arc extinguishing chamber juxtaposed with the arc forming chamber formed by the pair of separable contacts.
- the arc horn constitutes a connection without solution of continuity between the two chambers.
- the magnetic blowing field is generated by a permanent magnet attached to the fixed circular track, so as to generate a radial field in the migration migration area of the arc.
- the circular track fixed can be connected to the fixed contact by a continuous fixed arcing horn extending opposite the movable arcing horn.
- the displacement of the arc towards the circular tracks is particularly rapid, any discontinuity in the migration paths of the arc roots being avoided.
- the reactance of the arc circuit comprising the circular tracks is close to that of the main circuit containing the contacts, which facilitates rapid switching of the arc by limiting the duration of stagnation of the arc on the contacts.
- the configuration according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the shunt contacts, and it is easy to add to the aforementioned contacts main contacts ensuring the passage of the nominal current.
- the switching of the arc is improved by limiting the increase in the reactance of the arc circuit during the path from the latter to the circular tracks of rotation.
- the switch includes means for successively inserting the turns of the coil j staggered along said tracking track in order to gradually insert the coil into the electrical circuit.
- the arc drawn between the contacts moves quickly towards the circular tracks without switching on the blowing coil during the initial phase of displacement.
- the arc successively encounters the means for inserting the turns of the coil and gradually turns the latter on.
- the progressive insertion of the coil delays the progression of the arc, but only in the final phase avoiding any stagnation or re-ignition of the arc on the contacts.
- the progressive excitation of the coil can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by using the edges of the turns of the coil to constitute the successive anchoring points of the arc.
- the coil of the radial type, is connected to the fixed contact by a fixed horn which extends parallel to the arcing horn of the movable contact.
- the arc moves quickly on the fixed and movable arc horns to meet the edges of the successive turns and gradually insert the turns of the coil in the manner described above before reaching the circular tracks of rotation. Any discontinuity of the arc horns is thus avoided, the increase in the reactance of the arc circuit being gradual and effective at the end of the arc path in the direction of the circular tracks.
- the circular tracks can be in the form of split rings constituting an additional arc blowing coil and it is possible to reduce the mass of the mobile part by using an articulated part of which only the contact part is mobile, the horn arc and the associated circular track remaining fixed.
- a pole of an electric circuit breaker comprises a sealed envelope 10 made of an insulating material filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride under an appropriate pressure.
- Bushings 12, 14 shaped as current supply terminals pass through the wall of the casing 10, one of the bushings carrying a fixed contact 16 capable of cooperating with a movable contact 18 mounted on one of the ends of a contact carrier arm 20, the opposite end of which is articulated on a fixed axis 22.
- a braid 23 extending perpendicular to the contact carrier arm 20 in the direction of the bushing 14 connects the latter to the end carrying the movable contact 18 to impose a loop-shaped trajectory on the current. In the closed position of the switch, shown in fig.
- the contact-carrying arm 20 extends transversely to this rectilinear trajectory of the current and is capable of struggling in the plane of FIG. 1, to cause the separation of the contacts 16, 18.
- the contact carrier arm 20 successively comprises an arc horn 24 and a ring 26, the front face of which constitutes a circular arc track 28.
- the circular track 28 is disposed a circular track 32 arranged on an annular electrode 30 attached to the front face a coil 34 fixed to a support 36 integral with the bushing 12.
- the coil 34 is electrically inserted between the bushing 12 and the annular electrode 30, so as to be excited as soon as the arc is switched on this electrode 30.
- the annular electrode 30 is juxtaposed with the fixed contact 16, extensions 38 of the fixed contact 16 and / or of the electrode 30 reducing the separation interval to facilitate switching of the arc from the fixed contact 16 to the electrode 30 It is easy to see that the enclosure confined by the envelope 10 has two parts, one which contains the contacts 16, 18 and in which the arc is formed, and a second comprising the arcing tracks 28, 32 where the arc is extinguished.
- the magnetic blowing field produced by a coil in the switch according to FIGS. 1 to 4 can obviously be generated by a permanent magnet 40 attached to the fixed circular track 32 in the manner shown in FIG. 5.
- the permanent magnet 40 advantageously of annular shape, can be axially or radially magnetized and does not require any electrical supply, it is possible to connect the circular track 32 to the fixed contact 16 by an arc horn 42 extending parallel and facing the horn arcing 24 of the movable contact carrier 20.
- the arcing horns 24, 42 constitute the tracks of the arc roots from the formation chamber towards the extinguishing chamber, these tracks having no solution of continuity.
- FIG. 5 is identical to that described above, the arc drawn between the contacts 16, 18 moving rapidly towards the tracks circulars 28, 32 where it goes out.
- the hinge axis 22 is shown passing through the center of the circular track 28, this arrangement making it possible to balance the electrodynamic forces of the currents flowing through the circular tracks 28, 32.
- the axis 22 can be arranged as shown in FIG. 1, at the end of the contact-carrying arm 20 or possibly at another point, for example on the opposite side of the circular track 28, these different positions of the axis 22 being valid for the switch according to figure 1 or that according to figure 5. The operation remains of course identical.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a coil 56 of the radial type produced by a spiral winding of a ribbon, the internal end of the ribbon being electrically connected to the circular track 32, while the external end is connected to the bushing 12 associated with the fixed contact 16.
- the lower edges 58 of the ribbon, arranged facing the circular track 28, are stripped and possibly in slight projection to allow the hooking of the arc.
- the moving part of the switch corresponds exactly to that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and we recognize the contact-carrying arm 20 articulated on the axis 22 and carrying the fixed contact 18, the circular track 28 and the horn. arcing 24. When the contacts 16, 18 are separated, the arc drawn between these contacts is blown out by the loop effect in the direction of the circular tracks 28, 32.
- the arc root anchored on the arm carries -contacts 20 does not encounter any discontinuity during its journey towards runway 28, which is extremely rapid.
- the arc root anchored on the fixed contact 16 moves in parallel and encounters during its progress
- the slices 58 of the successive turns of the coil 56 by gradually inserting these turns before reaching the circular track 32.
- a displacement is thus obtained rapid arc roots, both on the fixed contact side and on the movable contact, the assembly being particularly simple.
- the circular track 28 is constituted by a split ring for adding a magnetic blowing coil,
- the circular track 32 can be of the same type to increase the intensity of the magnetic blowing field .
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention est relative à un interrupteur électrique à auto-soufflage par rotation de l'arc sous l'action d'un champ magnétique comprenant à l'intérieur d'une enceinte étanche remplie d'hexafluorure de soufre une chambre de formation d'arc, dans laquelle est logée un paire de contacts séparables et une chambre d'extinction de l'arc dans laquelle est logée une paire d'électrodes annulaires disposées face à face pour former des pistes circulaires de migration de l'arc à éteindre et un dispositif de soufflage magnétique en rotation de l'arc sur lesdites pistes circulaires.The invention relates to an electric switch with self-blowing by rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field comprising inside a sealed enclosure filled with sulfur hexafluoride a chamber for forming arc, in which is housed a pair of separable contacts and an arc extinguishing chamber in which is housed a pair of annular electrodes arranged face to face to form circular tracks of migration of the arc to be extinguished and a magnetic blowing device for rotating the arc on said circular tracks.
Un interrupteur électrique du genre mentionné, par exemple décrit dans le brevet français ? 2.494.493, présente l'avantage d'une énergie de commande extrêmement réduite, l'énergie nécessaire au soufflage de l'arc étant entièrement dérivée du courant à interrompre. Cet interrupteur ou disjoncteur à arc tournant présente une architecture intéressante permettant la réalisation d'un disjoncteur compact et économique. La commutation de l'arc vers les pistes circulaires de rotation prend un certain temps et ce retard affecte les performances de coupure du disjoncteur et accroît l'érosion des contacts du disjoncteur.An electric switch of the kind mentioned, for example described in the French patent? 2,494,493, has the advantage of an extremely reduced control energy, the energy necessary for blowing the arc being entirely derived from the current to be interrupted. This rotary arc switch or circuit breaker has an interesting architecture allowing the production of a compact and economical circuit breaker. The switching of the arc to the circular tracks of rotation takes a certain time and this delay affects the breaking performance of the circuit breaker and increases the erosion of the contacts of the circuit breaker.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient et d'améliorer la commutation de l'arc.The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to improve the switching of the arc.
Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, l'interrupteur est caractérisé en ce que le contact mobile de ladite paire de contacts est prolongé par une corne d'arc s'étendant entre la chambre de formation et la chambre d'extinction et se raccordant à l'une desdites pistes circulaires, l'autre piste circulaire étant associée au contact fixe.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the switch is characterized in that the movable contact of said pair of contacts is extended by an arcing horn extending between the formation chamber and the extinction and connecting to one of said circular tracks, the other circular track being associated with the fixed contact.
La corne d'arc évite toute discontinuité entre le contact mobile et la piste circulaire associée, de façon à permettre un déplacement rapide de la racine d'arc ancrée sur le contact mobile vers la piste circulaire. Ce déplacement rapide s'accompagne d'un allongement de l'arc et d'une augmentation de la tension d'arc facilitant la commutation. Le déplacement rapide est favorisé par une alimentation appropriée de la corne d'arc, de façon à imposer au courant une trajectoire en boucle soufflant l'arc en direction de la piste circulaire. L'ensemble contact mobile, corne d'arc et piste circulaire constitue avantageusement une pièce monobloc montée à pivotement sur un axe fixe perpendiculaire au plan de débattement du contact mobile. L'axe de pivotement est disposé au voisinage de la piste circulaire d'un côté ou de l'autre de cette dernière ou éventuellement au centre suivant un diamètre de la piste circulaire afin de compenser les efforts électrodynamiques appliqués sur la piste circulaire. En position ouvert des contacts de l'interrupteur les plans contenant les pistes circulaires sont sensiblement parallèles, de manière à conserver la longueur de l'arc en rotation sur les pistes circulaires.The arc horn avoids any discontinuity between the movable contact and the associated circular track, so as to allow rapid displacement of the arc root anchored on the movable contact towards the circular track. This rapid displacement is accompanied by an elongation of the arc and an increase in the arc voltage facilitating switching. The rapid displacement is favored by an appropriate supply of the bow horn, so as to impose on the current a loop trajectory blowing the arc in the direction of the circular track. The movable contact, arc horn and circular track assembly advantageously constitutes a monobloc piece pivotally mounted on a fixed axis perpendicular to the plane of movement of the movable contact. The pivot axis is arranged in the vicinity of the circular track on one side or the other of the latter or possibly in the center along a diameter of the circular track in order to compensate for the electrodynamic forces applied to the circular track. In the open position of the switch contacts, the planes containing the circular tracks are substantially parallel, so as to keep the length of the arc in rotation on the circular tracks.
Selon un développement de l'invention, le champ magnétique de soufflage en rotation de l'arc est engendré par une bobine insérée entre le contact fixe et la piste circulaire fixe accolée à l'une des faces de la bobine. L'ensemble piste circulaire et bobine de soufflage est disposé dans une partie de l'enceinte de l'interrupteur constituant la chambre d'extinction d'arc juxtaposée à la chambre de formation d'arc constituée par la paire de contacts séparables. La corne d'arc constitue une liaison sans solution de continuité entre les deux chambres.According to a development of the invention, the magnetic blowing field in rotation of the arc is generated by a coil inserted between the fixed contact and the fixed circular track attached to one of the faces of the coil. The circular track and blowing coil assembly is arranged in a part of the enclosure of the switch constituting the arc extinguishing chamber juxtaposed with the arc forming chamber formed by the pair of separable contacts. The arc horn constitutes a connection without solution of continuity between the two chambers.
Selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention, le champ magnétique de soufflage est engendré par un aimant permanent accolé à la piste circulaire fixe, de manière à engendrer un champ radial dans la zone de migration en rotation de l'arc. Dans cette forme d'exécution, la piste circulaire fixe peut être raccordée au contact fixe par une corne d'arc fixe continue s'étendant en regard de la corne d'arc mobile. Le déplacement de l'arc vers les pistes circulaires est particulièrement rapide, toute discontinuité dans les chemins de migration des racines d'arc étant évitée. La réactance du circuit d'arc comprenant les pistes circulaires est voisine de celle du circuit principal contenant les contacts, ce qui facilite la commutation rapide de l'arc en limitant la durée de stagnation de l'arc sur les contacts.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the magnetic blowing field is generated by a permanent magnet attached to the fixed circular track, so as to generate a radial field in the migration migration area of the arc. In this embodiment, the circular track fixed can be connected to the fixed contact by a continuous fixed arcing horn extending opposite the movable arcing horn. The displacement of the arc towards the circular tracks is particularly rapid, any discontinuity in the migration paths of the arc roots being avoided. The reactance of the arc circuit comprising the circular tracks is close to that of the main circuit containing the contacts, which facilitates rapid switching of the arc by limiting the duration of stagnation of the arc on the contacts.
La configuration selon l'invention permet de supprimer les contacts de shuntage, et il est facile d'adjoindre aux contacts précités des contacts principaux assurant le passage du courant nominal.The configuration according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the shunt contacts, and it is easy to add to the aforementioned contacts main contacts ensuring the passage of the nominal current.
Selon un deuxième mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, la commutation de l'arc est améliorée en limitant l'augmentation de la réactance du circuit d'arc au cours du cheminement de ce dernier vers les pistes circulaires de rotation.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the switching of the arc is improved by limiting the increase in the reactance of the arc circuit during the path from the latter to the circular tracks of rotation.
L'interrupteur comporte des moyens d'insertion successifs des spires de la bobinej échelonnés le long de ladite piste de cheminement pour insérer progressivement la bobine dans le circuit électrique. L'arc tiré entre les contacts se déplace rapidement vers les pistes circulaires sans mettre en circuit pendant la phase initiale de déplacement la bobine de soufflage. Au cours de son cheminement l'arc rencontre successivement les moyens d'insertion des spires de la bobine et met en circuit progressivement cette dernière. L'insertion progressive de la bobine retarde la progression de l'arc, mais seulement dans la phase finale en évitant toute stagnation ou réamorçage de l'arc sur les contacts. L'excitation progressive de la bobine peut être réalisée d'une manière particulièrement simple en utilisant les tranches des spires de la bobine pour constituer les points d'ancrage successifs de l'arc.The switch includes means for successively inserting the turns of the coil j staggered along said tracking track in order to gradually insert the coil into the electrical circuit. The arc drawn between the contacts moves quickly towards the circular tracks without switching on the blowing coil during the initial phase of displacement. During its path, the arc successively encounters the means for inserting the turns of the coil and gradually turns the latter on. The progressive insertion of the coil delays the progression of the arc, but only in the final phase avoiding any stagnation or re-ignition of the arc on the contacts. The progressive excitation of the coil can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by using the edges of the turns of the coil to constitute the successive anchoring points of the arc.
La bobine, du type radiale est raccordée au contact fixe par une corne fixe qui s'étend parallèlement à la corne d'arc du contact mobile. Lors de la séparation des contacts l'arc se déplace rapidement sur les cornes d'arc fixe et mobile pour rencontrer les tranches des spires successives et insérer de la manière décrite ci-dessus progressivement les spires de la bobine avant d'atteindre les pistes circulaires de rotation. Toute discontinuité des cornes d'arc est ainsi évitée, l'augmentation de la réactance du circuit d'arc étant progressive et effective en fin de parcours de l'arc en direction des pistes circulaires.The coil, of the radial type, is connected to the fixed contact by a fixed horn which extends parallel to the arcing horn of the movable contact. During the separation of the contacts the arc moves quickly on the fixed and movable arc horns to meet the edges of the successive turns and gradually insert the turns of the coil in the manner described above before reaching the circular tracks of rotation. Any discontinuity of the arc horns is thus avoided, the increase in the reactance of the arc circuit being gradual and effective at the end of the arc path in the direction of the circular tracks.
Les pistes circulaires peuvent être en forme d'anneaux fendus constituant une spire additionnelle de soufflage de l'arc et il est possible de réduire la masse de la partie mobile en faisant appel à une pièce articulée dont seule la partie contacts est mobile, la corne d'arc et la piste circulaire associée restant fixes.The circular tracks can be in the form of split rings constituting an additional arc blowing coil and it is possible to reduce the mass of the mobile part by using an articulated part of which only the contact part is mobile, the horn arc and the associated circular track remaining fixed.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de plusieurs modes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- - la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un interrupteur selon l'invention, représenté en position fermé des contacts;
- - la figure 2 est une vue analogue à celle de la fig. 1, montrant l'interrupteur en position ouvert;
- - la figure 3 est une coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la fig. 2;
- - la figure 4 est une coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la fig. 2;
- - La figure 5 est une vue analogue à ceLLe de La fig. 1, illustrant une variante de réalisation à aimant permanent;
- - La figure 6 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un interrupteur selon L'invention, doté d'une bobine dont Les spires sont insérées progressivement;
- - La figure 7 est une vue en coupe seLon La Ligne VII-VII. de La fig. 6.
- - Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a switch according to the invention, shown in the closed position of the contacts;
- - Figure 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, showing the switch in the open position;
- - Figure 3 is a section along line III-III of FIG. 2;
- - Figure 4 is a section along line IV-IV of FIG. 2;
- - Figure 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, illustrating an alternative embodiment with a permanent magnet;
- - Figure 6 is a schematic view in axial section of a switch according to the invention, provided with a coil whose turns are gradually inserted;
- - Figure 7 is a sectional view along Line VII-VII. of fig. 6.
Sur les figures, un pôle d'un disjoncteur électrique comporte une enveloppe étanche 10 en un matériau isolant remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre sous une pression appropriée. Des traversées 12, 14 conformées en bornes d'amenée de courant traversent la paroi de l'enveloppe 10, l'une 12 des traversées portant un contact fixe 16 susceptible de coopérer avec un contact mobile 18 monté sur l'une des extrémités d'un bras porte-contacts 20, dont l'extrémité opposée est articulée sur un axe fixe 22. Une tresse 23 s'étendant perpendiculairement au bras porte-contacts 20 en direction de la traversée 14 relie cette dernière à l'extrémité portant le contact mobile 18 pour imposer au courant une trajectoire en forme de boucle. En positon fermée de l'interrupteur, représentée sur la fig. 1, le courant entrant par exemple à un instant donné par la traversée 12 parcourt les contacts aboutés 16, 18, la tresse 23 pour sortir par la traversée 14 en suivant à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 10 une trajectoire sensiblement rectiligne. Le bras porte-contacts 20 s'étend transversalement à cette trajectoire rectiligne du courant et est susceptible de se débattre dans le plan de la fig. 1, pour provoquer la séparation des contacts 16, 18. Entre l'extrémité portant le contact mobile 18 et celle articulée sur l'axe 22 le bras porte-contacts 20 comporte successivement une corne d'arc 24 et un anneau 26 dont la face frontale constitue une piste circulaire d'arc 28. En regard de la piste circulaire 28 est disposée une piste circulaire 32 aménagée sur une électrode annulaire 30 accolée à la face frontale d'une bobine 34 fixée à un support 36 solidaire de la traversée 12. La bobine 34 est électriquement insérée entre la traversée 12 et l'électrode annulaire 30, de façon à être excitée dès la commutation de l'arc sur cette électrode 30. L'électrode annulaire 30 est juxtaposée au contact fixe 16, des prolongements 38 du contact fixe 16 et/ou de l'électrode 30 réduisant l'intervalle de séparation pour faciliter la commutation de l'arc du contact fixe 16 vers l'électrode 30. Il est facile de voir que l'enceinte confinée par l'enveloppe 10 comporte deux parties, l'une qui contient les contacts 16, 18 et dans laquelle se forme l'arc, et une deuxième comprenant les pistes d'arc 28, 32 où s"effectue l'extinction de l'arc. Ces deux parties ou chambres sont juxtaposées et reliées par la corne d'arc 24 guidant l'arc dans son cheminement de la chambre de formation vers la chambre d'extinction. En position ouvert de l'interrupteur, représentée à la figure 2, le porte-contacts 20 est sensiblement parallèle à l'électrode annulaire 30, de manière que les deux pistes circulaires 28, 32 sont à une distance constante.In the figures, a pole of an electric circuit breaker comprises a sealed
L'interrupteur selon les figures 1 à 4 fonctionne de la manière suivante :
- En position fermé, représentéeà la figure 1, les
16, 18 sont fermés tandis que les pistes circulaires 28,32 sont espacées l'une de l'autre. Le courant parcourt le circuit contenant lescontacts 16, 18 et lacontacts tresse 23, labobine 34 étant désexcitée. Lors d'une commande d'ouverture, engendrée par un mécanisme quelconque, le bras porte-contacts 20 pivote vers le bas sur la figure 1, vers la position représentée à la figure 2, de séparation des 16, 18. L'arc tiré entre lescontacts 16, 18 s'étend dans la position initiale "a" entre lescontacts 16, 18 en étant soumis à une force électrodynamique de soufflage engendrée par la trajectoire en boucle du courant parcourant lacontacts tresse 23. Sous l'effet de cette force de soufflage l'arc progresse vers les positions successives "b", "c" et "d" en direction des pistes circulaires 28, 32,la racine d'arc ancrée sur le bras porte-contacts 20 ne rencontrant aucune discontinuité sur sa trajectoire de cheminement. La racine d'arc ancrée sur lecontact 16 commute sur l'électrode 30 en mettant en circuit la bobine desoufflage 34, qui engendre un champ magnétique radial dans l'intervalle de séparation des pistes circulaires 28, 32. L'arc ancré sur les 28, 32 est entrainé en rotation par le champ magnétique de soufflage et s'éteint rapidement d'une manière bien connue des spécialistes. Le passage de l'arc de la chambre de formation vers la chambre d'extinction est extrêmement.rapide ce qui limite l'érosion despistes 16,18.contacts
- In closed position, shown e in Figure 1, the
16, 18 are closed while thecontacts 28,32 are spaced from each other. The current flows through the circuit containing thecircular tracks 16, 18 and thecontacts braid 23, thecoil 34 being de-energized. During an opening command, generated by any mechanism, the contact-carryingarm 20 pivots down in FIG. 1, towards the position shown in FIG. 2, for separating the 16, 18. The arc pulled between thecontacts 16, 18 extends in the initial position "a" between thecontacts 16, 18 being subjected to an electrodynamic blowing force generated by the loop path of the current flowing through thecontacts braid 23. Under the effect of this blowing force the arc progresses towards the successive positions "b", "c" and "d" in the direction circular tracks 28, 32, the arc root anchored on the contact-carryingarm 20 not encountering any discontinuity on its path of travel. The arc root anchored on thecontact 16 switches to theelectrode 30 by switching on the blowingcoil 34, which generates a radial magnetic field in the separation interval of the 28, 32. The arc anchored oncircular tracks 28, 32 is rotated by the magnetic blowing field and quickly goes out in a manner well known to specialists. The passage of the arc from the formation chamber to the quenching chamber is extremely . rapid which limits the erosion of thetracks 16,18.contacts
Sur les autres figures, qui représentent différentes variantes de réalisation, les mêmes numéros de repère désignent des pièces analogues ou identiques à celles représentées sur les figures 1 à 4.In the other figures, which represent different variant embodiments, the same reference numbers designate parts similar or identical to those shown in Figures 1 to 4.
Le champ magnétique de soufflage réalisé par une bobine dans l'interrupteur selon les figures 1 à 4, peut évidemment être engendré par un aimant permanent 40 accolé à la piste circulaire fixe 32 de la manière représentée à la figure 5. L'aimant permanent 40, avantageusement de forme annulaire, peut être à aimantation axiale ou radiale et ne nécessite aucune alimentation électrique, il est possible de relier la piste circulaire 32 au contact fixe 16 par une corne d'arc 42 s'étendant parallèlement et en regard de la corne d'arc 24 du porte-contacts mobile 20. Les cornes d'arc 24, 42 constituent les pistes de cheminement des racines d'arc de la chambre de formation vers la chambre d'extinction, ces pistes ne présentant aucune solution de continuité. Le fonctionnement de l'interrupteur selon la figure 5 est identique celui décrit ci-dessus, l'arc tiré entre les contacts 16, 18 se déplaçant rapidement vers les pistes circulaires 28, 32 où il s'éteint. Sur la figure 5, on a représenté l'axe d'articulation 22 passant par le centre de la piste circulaire 28, cette disposition permettant d'équilibrer les efforts électrodynamiques des courants parcourant les pistes circulaires 28, 32. Il est clair que l'axe 22 peut être disposé de la manière représentée à la figure 1, à l'extrémité du bras porte-contacts 20 ou éventuellement en un autre point, par exemple du côté opposé de la piste circulaire 28, ces différentes positions de l'axe 22 étant valables pour l'interrupteur selon la figure 1 ou celui selon la figure 5. Le fonctionnement reste bien entendu identique.The magnetic blowing field produced by a coil in the switch according to FIGS. 1 to 4, can obviously be generated by a
En se référant maintenant aux figures 6 et 7, on voit une bobine 56 du type radial réalisée par un enroulement en spirale d'un ruban, L'extrémité interne du ruban étant connectée électriquement à La piste circulaire 32, tandis que L'extrémité externe est connectée à La traversée 12 associée au contact fixe 16. Les tranches inférieures 58 du ruban, disposées en regard de La piste circulaire 28, sont dénudées et éventuellement en faible saillie pour permettre L'accrochage de l'arc. La partie mobile de L'interrupteur correspond exactement à celle illustrée par Les figures 1 et 2, et L'on reconnaît Le bras porte-contacts 20 articulé sur L'axe 22 et portant Le contact fixe 18, La piste circulaire 28 et La corne d'arc 24. Lors d'une séparation des contacts 16, 18, l'arc tiré entre ces contacts est soufflé par L'effet de boucle en direction des pistes circulaires 28, 32.La racine d'arc ancrée sur Le bras porte-contacts 20 ne rencontre aucune discontinuité au cours de son cheminement vers La piste 28, cheminement qui est extrêmement rapide. La racine d'arc ancrée sur Le contact fixe 16 se déplace parallèlement et rencontre au cours de son cheminement Les tranches 58 des spires successives de La bobine 56 en insérant progressivement ces spires avant d'atteindre La piste circulaire 32. On obtient ainsi un déplacement rapide des racines d'arc, tant du côté contact fixe que du contact mobile, l'ensemble étant particulièrement simple. En se référant à La figure 7, on voit que La piste circulaire 28 est constituée par un anneau fendu permettant d'ajouter une spire de soufflage magnétique, La piste circulaire 32 pouvant être du même type pour accroître l'intensité du champ magnétique de soufflage.Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, there is shown a
IL est à noter que d'autres architectures mettant en oeuvre Les principes de L'invention sont concevables et qu'il est possible d'allier Le souffLage en rotation de l'arc à un soufflage pneumatique, par exemple à autoexpansion bien connu des spécialistes. La constitution en une seule pièce du contact mobile et de La piste circulaire associée augmente La masse de cette pièce et son inertie, cet inconvénient pouvant être évité, Le cas échéant, en prévoyant un contact articulé dont seule L'extrémité portant Le contact serait mobile. D'autres variantes, notamment des interrupteurs à contacts principaux parcourus par Le courant nominal, peuvent bien entendu être réalisées, ces contacts s'ouvrant préalablement au contact décrit ci-dessus et associés aux pistes circulaires 28, 32.It should be noted that other architectures implementing the principles of the invention are conceivable and that it is possible to combine the rotational blowing of the arc with a pneumatic blowing, for example with self-expanding well known to specialists. . The constitution of the movable contact and the associated circular track in a single piece increases the mass of this piece and its inertia, this drawback being able to be avoided, if necessary, by providing an articulated contact of which only the bearing end The contact would be movable. . Other variants, in particular switches with main contacts traversed by the nominal current, can of course be produced, these contacts opening prior to the contact described above and associated with
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84402171T ATE31842T1 (en) | 1983-11-07 | 1984-10-29 | ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH ROTATING ARC. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8317775A FR2554631B1 (en) | 1983-11-07 | 1983-11-07 | ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH ROTATING ARC |
FR8317775 | 1983-11-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0146424A1 true EP0146424A1 (en) | 1985-06-26 |
EP0146424B1 EP0146424B1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
Family
ID=9293913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84402171A Expired EP0146424B1 (en) | 1983-11-07 | 1984-10-29 | Electrical switch with rotating arc |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0146424B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS60115117A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE31842T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3468582D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2554631B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8518381D0 (en) * | 1985-07-20 | 1985-08-29 | Y S Securities Ltd | Circuit interrupter |
JP4693736B2 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2011-06-01 | 株式会社日本Aeパワーシステムズ | Gas insulated disconnect switch |
US9355798B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2016-05-31 | General Electric Company | System and method for quenching an arc |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2033329A1 (en) * | 1969-07-30 | 1971-02-11 | VEB Transformatorenwerk Karl Lieb \necht, χ 1160 Berlin Oberschoneweide, erf Muller, Ottmar, Dr Ing , χ 1160 Berlin Oberscnoneweide, Gleichmann, Walter, χ 1170 Berlin Köpenick | Separation point arrangement for electrical circuit breakers |
DE2334776A1 (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-01-23 | Siemens Ag | A.C. light arc gas quenching using magnetic field - uses increase of additional magnetic gas blast field during light arc motion |
EP0002685A1 (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1979-07-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fluid-blast circuit breaker |
EP0053524A1 (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-06-09 | Merlin Gerin | Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc |
EP0058007A2 (en) * | 1981-02-03 | 1982-08-18 | South Wales Switchgear Limited | Electrical switchgear |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4511856Y1 (en) * | 1969-10-09 | 1970-05-26 |
-
1983
- 1983-11-07 FR FR8317775A patent/FR2554631B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-10-29 DE DE8484402171T patent/DE3468582D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-10-29 AT AT84402171T patent/ATE31842T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-10-29 EP EP84402171A patent/EP0146424B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-06 JP JP59234827A patent/JPS60115117A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2033329A1 (en) * | 1969-07-30 | 1971-02-11 | VEB Transformatorenwerk Karl Lieb \necht, χ 1160 Berlin Oberschoneweide, erf Muller, Ottmar, Dr Ing , χ 1160 Berlin Oberscnoneweide, Gleichmann, Walter, χ 1170 Berlin Köpenick | Separation point arrangement for electrical circuit breakers |
DE2334776A1 (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-01-23 | Siemens Ag | A.C. light arc gas quenching using magnetic field - uses increase of additional magnetic gas blast field during light arc motion |
EP0002685A1 (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1979-07-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fluid-blast circuit breaker |
EP0053524A1 (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-06-09 | Merlin Gerin | Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc |
EP0058007A2 (en) * | 1981-02-03 | 1982-08-18 | South Wales Switchgear Limited | Electrical switchgear |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3468582D1 (en) | 1988-02-11 |
FR2554631A1 (en) | 1985-05-10 |
JPS60115117A (en) | 1985-06-21 |
FR2554631B1 (en) | 1986-09-05 |
EP0146424B1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
ATE31842T1 (en) | 1988-01-15 |
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